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## Pindaniyukti: An Observation
**141**
**Durbhiksha Bhakta**
When a severe famine occurs, the food prepared by a king or a wealthy person for the monks is called Durbhiksha Bhakta. This type of food is unacceptable for a Muni. One who consumes Durbhiksha Bhakta is considered a Viradhak.
**Bardalika Bhakta**
If a king or a householder makes special arrangements for food-donation for the Muni during the rainy season or when dark clouds are present, it is called Bardalika Bhakta. A Muni who consumes Bardalika Bhakta is subject to atonement. According to Nishita Churni, if a king prepares food for the monks for seven consecutive days during the rainy season, it is called Bardalika Bhakta. Like Kantara Bhakta, consuming Bardalika Bhakta is considered Viradhak.
**Kantara Bhakta**
In ancient times, means of transportation were not developed. People generally traveled long distances with a caravan. Monks also traveled on foot with the caravan due to fear of thieves and other dangers. The food prepared for the monks out of compassion in the forest is called Kantara Bhakta. Nishita mentions that one who consumes Aranya Bhakta or Kantara Bhakta is subject to atonement. The commentator Abhaydeva Suri considers Kantara Bhakta, Durbhiksha Bhakta, Glana Bhakta, Balika Bhakta, Praghoornak Bhakta, etc. as part of Adhakarma.
**Praghoornak Bhakta**
Food prepared for a guest is called Praghoornak Bhakta.
**Agra Pind**
Agra Pind Bhikhya, which is prepared in a householder's house, is forbidden for a monk. Nishita mentions that a monk who consumes Agra Pind is subject to atonement. Often, Agra Pind is given to cows, dogs, or beggars in homes. If a monk consumes it, he incurs the fault of Antaray. Consuming Agra Pind makes the monk hasty, and therefore he does not pay attention to Iryasamiti.
**1. Nichu 2 p. 455; Kantaraate Adviniggayanam Bhukkhattanam 5. Bhag 5/139-46.**
**2. Bhag 5/139-46.**
**3. Ni 9/6.**
**4. Nichu 2 p. 455; Sattahabaddale Padate Bhattam Kareti Raya.**
**5. Bhag 5/139-46.**
**6. Bhag Bha 2 p. 521; Kantarabhattam Ti Kantaram-Aranyam Tatra.**
**7. Ni 9/6, Nibha 5415.**
**8. Sthati . 311; Kantarabhaktaday Adhakarmadi Bheda Ev.**
**9. Apuvvanam Va Avidhiinam Bhattam Kareti Raya.**