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## Chapter 22: The Basis of the Padmacharita This chapter discusses the basis of the Padmacharita. Ravishena himself, in the 41st and 42nd verses of the first chapter, mentions this as follows: "This meaning, spoken by Vardhamana Jinendra, was received by Indrabhuiti, the Gautama Ganadhara. Then it was received by Sudharma, the son of Dharini, then by Prabhava, and then by the best speaker, the Anuttarvagmi, the great orator, Kitidhara Acharya. After that, Ravishena Acharya, having obtained their writings, made this effort manifest." (41-42) In the 166th verse of the 123rd chapter, he also mentions this in the same way: "The truth that was spoken by the revered Vardhamana Jinendra, who is worshipped by all the worlds, was spoken by Indrabhuiti, the Gautama Ganadhara, for Sudharma and Jambuswami. This was later revealed by his disciple, the Anuttarvagmi, the great orator, Kitidhara Muni. This account of the Padma Muni is a cause for welfare, for the growth of the meditation of the virtuous, and is the best auspiciousness." (166) Here, one should understand that Kitidhara is referred to by the epithet Anuttarvagmi. The self-born poet, in his Apabhramsha language 'Paumachariu', composed his work based on Ravishena's Padmacharita. Ravishena, while mentioning the basis of the literary tradition in the Padmacharita, wrote the 41st and 42nd verses in the first chapter. Keeping these verses in mind, the self-born poet also wrote the following verse: "From the mouth of Vardhamana, this story of Rama has come." 1. While translating the 41st and 42nd verses of the first chapter, the reading 'tato'anuttarvagminam' was imagined for the sake of the meaning of the word Anuttarvagmi in the 167th verse of the 123rd chapter. However, all the manuscripts have the reading 'tato'anuttarvagminam'. Therefore, it seems appropriate to consider 'Anuttarvagminam' as an epithet of Kiti. 'Anuttarvagminam' means the best speaker. In the 167th verse of the 123rd chapter, one should understand that Kitidhara is referred to by this epithet Anuttarvagmi, because Kiti is not mentioned separately there. The self-born poet, in his Apabhramsha 'Paumachariu', also considered 'Anuttarvaae' as an epithet of Kitidhara in the phrase 'Kittinarena Anuttarvaae'. According to this correction, the reader should correct the translation of the 41st and 42nd verses of the first chapter. I am grateful to the honorable Dr. A.N. Upadhyaya for bringing this to my attention.
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________________ २२ पपपुराणे पद्मचरितका आधार पद्मचरित के आधारकी चर्चा करते हुए स्वयं रविषेणने प्रथम पर्वके ४१-४२ वें श्लोकमें इस प्रकार चर्चा की है वर्द्धमानजिनेन्द्रोक्तः सोऽयमर्थों गणेश्वरम् । इन्द्रभूति परिप्राप्तः सुधर्म धारिणीभवम् ॥४१॥ प्रभवं क्रमतः कीति ततोऽनुत्तरवाग्मिनम् । लिखितं तस्य संप्राप्य रवेर्यत्नोऽयमुद्गतः ॥४२।। अर्थात् श्रीवर्द्धमान जिनेन्द्र के द्वारा कहा हुआ यह अर्थ इन्द्रभूति नामक गौतमगणधरको प्राप्त हुआ, फिर धारिणीके पुत्र सुधर्माचार्यको प्राप्त हुआ, फिर प्रभवको प्राप्त हुआ, फिर अनुत्तरवाग्मी अर्थात् श्रेष्ठ वक्ता कोतिधर आचार्यको प्राप्त हुआ। तदनन्तर उनका लिखा प्राप्त कर यह रविषेणाचार्यका प्रयत्न प्रकट हुआ है।' ग्रन्थान्तमें १२३ पर्वके १६६वें श्लोकमें भी इन्होंने इसी प्रकार उल्लेख किया है "निर्दिष्टं सकलैनतेन भुवनैः श्रीवर्द्धमानेन यत् तत्त्वं वासवभूतिना निगदितं जम्बोः प्रशिष्यस्य च । शिष्येणोत्तरवाग्मिना प्रकटितं पद्मस्य वृत्तं मुनेः श्रेयः साधुसमाधिवृद्धिकरणं सर्वोत्तमं मङ्गलम्" ॥१६६।। अर्थात् समस्त संसारके द्वारा नमस्कृत श्रीवर्धमान जिनेन्द्रने पद्ममुनिका जो चरित कहा था वही इन्द्रभूति-गौतम गणधरने सुधर्मा और जम्बू स्वामी के लिए कहा। वही आगे चलकर उनके शिष्य उत्तरवाग्मी श्रेष्ठवक्ता श्रीकीतिधर मुनिके द्वारा प्रकट हआ। पद्ममनिका यह चरित कल्याण तथा साधु समाधिकी वृद्धिका कारण है और सर्वोत्तम मंगलस्वरूप है। यहाँ आचार्य कीर्तिधरका उनके उत्तरवाग्मी विशेषणसे उल्लेख समझना चाहिए। स्वयम्भू कविने अपभ्रंश भाषाके 'पउमचरिउ' की रचना रविषेणके पदमचरितके आधारपर की है और पद्मचरितमें रविषेणने ग्रन्थ परम्पराका आधार बतलाते हए जो प्रथम पर्वमें ४१-४२ श्लोक लिखे हैं उन्हें ही सामने रखकर स्वयम्भू कविने भी निम्नांकित पद्य लिखे हैं । वड्ढमाण-मुह-कुहरविणिग्गय । रामकहाणए एह कमागय । १. प्रथम पर्वके ४१-४२वें श्लोकका अनुवाद करते समय १२३वें पर्वके १६७वें श्लोकमें आगत उत्तर वाग्मीपदकी सार्थकताके लिये (ततोऽनूत्तरवाग्मिनम्) 'ततः अनु उत्तरवाग्मिनम्' इस पाठकी कल्पना की गयी थी, पर सब प्रतियोंमें 'ततोऽनुत्तरवाग्मिनम्' यही पाठ है इसलिए 'अनुत्तरवाग्मिनम्'को कीतिका विशेषण मान लेना उचित जान पड़ता है। 'अनुत्तरवाग्मिनम्'का अर्थ श्रेष्ठ वक्ता होता है । १२३ पर्वके १६७ वें श्लोकमें उत्तरवाग्मी इस विशेषणसे कीर्तिधरका उल्लेख समझना चाहिए क्योंकि वहाँ कीर्तिका अलगसे उल्लेख नहीं है। स्वयम्भू कविने भी अपने अपभ्रंश 'पउमचरिउ' में 'कित्तिहरेण अणुत्तरवाए' इस उल्लेखसे 'अणुत्तरवाए' को कीत्तिधरका विशेषण ही माना है। इस संशोधनके अनुसार पाठक प्रथम पर्वके ४१-४२वें श्लोकका अनुवाद ठीक कर लें। माननीय डॉ. ए. एन. उपाध्यायने इस ओर मेरा ध्यान आकषित किया था अतः उनका आभारी है। Jain Education International For Private & Personal Use Only www.jainelibrary.org
SR No.001822
Book TitlePadmapuran Part 1
Original Sutra AuthorDravishenacharya
AuthorPannalal Jain
PublisherBharatiya Gyanpith
Publication Year2000
Total Pages604
LanguageHindi, Sanskrit
ClassificationBook_Devnagari, Mythology, & Story
File Size15 MB
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