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**[5141 8605]** A single Kalaanu is also considered infinite by convention. However, time is a very subtle part of Kala, and its aggregates like Avali, etc., should be understood. **[8605]** It has been said that "Dravya is with Guna and Paryaya." Now, to explain what Guna is, the next Sutra says:
**Those that reside in Dravya continuously and are devoid of Guna are Guna.** [41]
**[8606]** Those that have Dravya as their abode are called Dravyaashraya, and those that are devoid of Guna are called Nirguna. Thus, Guna is characterized by both these qualities. The epithet "Nirguna" in the Sutra is used to negate Vyanyuka, etc. They too reside in the Dravya of their cause, the Paramanu, and are endowed with Guna. Therefore, by the epithet "Nirguna," they are excluded.
**Doubt:** All Paryayas like Ghatasansthana, etc., reside in Dravya and are Nirguna. Therefore, according to the above definition of Guna, they too should be considered Guna.
**Solution:** The epithet "Dravyaashraya" in the Sutra means "those that always reside in Dravya are Guna." Thus, by the epithet "always," Paryayas are excluded, i.e., the definition of Guna does not apply to Paryayas because Paryayas are occasional.
**Special Note:** It has been said earlier that Dravya is with Guna and Paryaya. Here, the nature of Guna is being considered. Since Dravya has been described as having Guna and Paryaya, it is clear that Guna resides in Dravya, i.e., Dravya is the base and Guna is the dependent. However, this should not be understood as a complete separation between the base and the dependent, like Dahi and Kund, because even though Guna resides in Dravya, it is not entirely different from it. Just as oil pervades all the parts of sesame seeds, similarly, each Guna pervades all the parts of Dravya equally. However, this characteristic would also apply to Vyanyuka, etc., because Vyanyuka, etc., are also...