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Chapter Five
**Recognition**
The cause of recognition is *tad-bhāva* (the state of being the same). It is not accidental. The word *bhāva* means "being." The being of that is *tad-bhāva*. The object that was seen before is recognized as the same by the same self, because of its being. If there were complete annihilation or only a new emergence, then there would be no possibility of remembrance. The worldly conduct that depends on remembrance would be contradicted. Therefore, it is certain that what is not subject to annihilation is *tad-bhāva-avyaya* (imperishable in its being), that is, eternal. However, this must be understood in a certain way. If eternality is accepted in an absolute sense, then there would be a contradiction with the process of the cause of the world and its cessation, because of the absence of the absence of otherness.
**Objection:** Is it not contradictory to say that the same thing is both eternal and non-eternal? If it is eternal, then there is no annihilation or emergence, and thus no contradiction with non-eternality. And if it is non-eternal, then there is no permanence, and thus no contradiction with eternality.
**Solution:** This is not contradictory, because of the principle of *arpita-anarpita-siddhi* (the establishment of the primary and secondary).
**Explanation:** An object is multi-faceted. Depending on the purpose, one of its qualities is made primary and is called *arpita* (primary) or *upaniita* (secondary). Conversely, when there is no purpose, even though a quality exists, it is not considered primary and is called *anarpita* (secondary). *Arpita* and *anarpita* are both *arpita-anarpita*. Because of this principle, there is no contradiction. For example, Devadatta has a father, a son, a brother, a nephew, and so on.