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## Translation:
[68]
**Sarvarthasiddhi 194**
[119 § 164]
**Manas-paryaya** is the knowledge of the mind's movement. If it is argued that this is **mati-jnana** (knowledge of perception), then it is not so, because it is only a matter of expectation. This knowledge is only characterized by the increased power of **kshayopa-shama** (destruction of karmas and their effects) and is only applied to one's own and others' minds. For example, "Look at the moon in the sky." Here, the reference is only to the sky. **Kevala** (omniscience) is the knowledge that is sought by those who practice **tapas** (austerities) both externally and internally. Alternatively, the word **kevala** signifies "helpless," so **kevala-jnana** is also called "helpless knowledge." **Kevala-jnana** is attained at the end, hence it is mentioned at the end of the sutra. Because it is near, **manas-paryaya** is grasped near it.
**Question:** Why is **manas-paryaya** near **kevala-jnana**?
**Answer:** Because both have **samyama** (concentration) as their basis, therefore **manas-paryaya** is near **kevala-jnana**.
**Avadhi-jnana** (clairvoyance) is far from **manas-paryaya**, hence it is mentioned before **manas-paryaya**.
**Question:** Why is **avadhi-jnana** said to be far from **manas-paryaya**?
**Answer:** Because **avadhi-jnana** is very far from **manas-paryaya**.
**Pratyaksha** (direct perception) is mentioned before **paroksha** (indirect perception) because it is easier. **Mati** (perception) is based on **shruta** (scriptural knowledge), which is known, familiar, and experienced, and is therefore easily attainable by almost all beings.
Thus, there are five types of knowledge. Their distinctions will be discussed later.
**Special Note:** This sutra describes the five types of **samyak-jnana** (right knowledge) in order. Although the sutra mentions "jnana" (knowledge), it should be understood that these five are types of **samyak-jnana** because the topic is **samyak-tva** (rightness). Although the soul is inherently **kevala-jnana**, there is no difference in the original knowledge, but due to the difference in **avaranas** (veils), it is divided into five parts.
In explaining this sutra, **Sarvarthasiddhi** highlights three main points:
1. The etymological meaning of words like **mati** etc.
2. The reason for mentioning **mati** and **shruta** together.
3. The reason for mentioning the five types of knowledge in the order of **mati**, **shruta**, etc.
[8165]
It has been said that knowledge is attained through **pramana** (proof) and **naya** (logic). **Pramana** is considered to be knowledge by some.