Disclaimer: This translation does not guarantee complete accuracy, please confirm with the original page text.
## Introduction
1. **Indrayudha**
Oza has written that it is not known to which dynasty Indrayudha and Chakraayudha belonged, but it is possible that they were Rathods. According to Chintamani Vinayak Vaidya, Indrayudha belonged to the Bhandi clan, which is also known as the Varma dynasty. His son Chakraayudha was defeated by Nagabhata II, the son of Vatsaraja, the king of the Pratihara dynasty, whose reign, according to Vincent Smith, was from 857-882 CE. The kingdom of Kannauj was taken from him. The region of Marwar lies to the north of Bhadwar. This means that Indrayudha's kingdom extended from Kannauj to Marwar.
2. **Srivallabha**
He was the son of Krishna (I), the king of the Rashtrakuta dynasty of the south. His famous name was Govinda (II). In the copper plates found in Kavi, he is written as Vallabha, not Govinda. Therefore, there is no doubt that he was Govinda (II) and his kingdom was in the southern direction of Vardhamanpur. Bhadwar is almost to the south of it. A copper plate of his from 692 CE (827 CE) has also been found.
3. **Avantibhuti Vatsaraja**
He was the king of the Pratihara dynasty and the father of Nagavaloak or Nagabhata (II), who defeated Chakraayudha. Vatsaraja had conquered the kings of Gauda and Bengal and had taken two white umbrellas from them. Later, these umbrellas were taken away by Dhruvaraja, the younger brother of Rashtrakuta Govinda (II) or Srivallabha, who attacked him and forced him to flee towards the inaccessible sandy land of Marwar.
Oza has written that the said Vatsaraja attacked the king of Malwa and Dhruvaraja attacked him to save the Malwa king. In 705 CE, Malwa was under the control of Vatsaraja because the coronation of Dhruvaraja is estimated to be around 707 CE. Before that, in 705 CE, Govinda (II) (Srivallabha) was the king, and therefore, Dhruvaraja's attack must have happened after that.
Udyotana Suri had completed his Kuvalayamala in Javalippur or Jalore (Marwar) when one day was left for the end of 700 CE. At that time, Vatsaraja's kingdom was there, meaning that at the time of the creation of Harivansha (in 705 CE), Marwar (in the north) was under Indrayudha and Malwa (in the east) was under Vatsaraja! But 5 years before this (in 700 CE), Vatsaraja was the ruler of Marwar. This suggests that he must have taken control of Malwa from Marwar and then fled back to Marwar after Dhruvaraja's attack. In 705 CE, he would have been the ruler of Avanti or Malwa. Avanti is to the east of Bhadwar. But it is not known who was the king of Avanti at that time, for whose help the Rashtrakuta Dhruvaraja had rushed. Dhruvaraja ascended the throne around 707 CE. From all these things, it seems right that at the time of the creation of Harivansha, Indrayudha's kingdom was in the north, Srivallabha's in the south, and Vatsaraja's in the east.
1. See, C.P. Vaidya's "Hindu Bharat ka Utkarash": p. 175.
2. According to M.M. Oza, Nagabhata's time is from 872-860 CE.
3. Indian Antiquary: Vol. 5, p. 146.
4. Epigraphia Indica: Vol. 6, p. 276.