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Chapter 1 - Verse 34-35
77. The distinction among the four types of thought processes mentioned above can be made clear from the examples given, so there is no need to specify them separately. It should also be understood that the later reasoning is subtler and more refined than the earlier reasoning. The subject of the later reasoning is based upon the subject of the earlier reasoning. The reason it is stated that all four of these have their root in the paryāyārthik nāy is because the jusūtra acknowledges the present while denying the past and future. Therefore, its subject is distinctly considered as universally particular; consequently, the paryāyārthik nāy is deemed to begin from the jusūtra. The three that follow the ṛjusūtra progressively become more particular, thus the paryāyārthik is evidently present. However, it should be understood that even when the later reasoning is called subtler than the earlier one, it is only to the extent that the earlier is generally applicable. Similarly, in the context of the dravyārthik nāy laid out within the three nays of naigama, etc., the later is subtler than the earlier to that extent. Nevertheless, the first three are termed dravyārthik and the later four are termed paryāyārthik, meaning that in the first three, the general principle and its consideration are clearer, as these three represent a broader perspective. In contrast, the later four being more refined and specific have clearer elements and considerations. Thus, this distinction of general and specific is made.