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Chapter 1: Living beings are infinite and all desire happiness. The conception of happiness is not the same for everyone. Nevertheless, based on the development of beings and their happiness, they can be classified into two categories. The first category includes beings with minimal development. Their conception of happiness is limited to external means. The second category consists of more developed beings. They do not consider happiness to reside in external or material possessions but believe it to exist solely in the attainment of spiritual qualities. The difference in the happiness perceived by both categories is that the former is dependent, whereas the latter is independent. Dependent happiness is referred to as worldly happiness, while independent happiness is termed liberation. Desire and liberation are the only two valid pursuits. Apart from these two, nothing else serves as the main means for living beings. While wealth and virtue are mentioned among pursuits, they are seen not as primary means but rather as tools for the attainment of desire and liberation. Wealth is the foremost of desire, and virtue is the foremost of liberation.