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________________ yoga : svarUpa aura sAdhanA yoga : svarUpa aura sAdhanA eka sarvAMgINa vivecana bhAratIya darzana meM 'yoga' zabda kA prayoga 'sAdhanA - vizeSa' ke artha meM hotA hai aura yaha sAdhanA kisI dharma-sampradAya ke karmakANDa kI taraha nahIM hotI; bhA~ti prayogAtmaka hotI hai| darzanazAstra yA dharmazAstra kI taraha siddhAnta pratipAdita karanA yoga kA kArya nahIM hai, isameM to dIrghakAla taka dhairyapUrvaka prayoga karake niSkarSa nikAlane par3ate haiN| [] DA0 e0 DI0 batarA ema. e., pI-eca.DI., DI. vAya. pI. prayukta hai| mUlataH 'yogI' sAdhaka hI balki Adhunika yuga ke vijJAna kI . sAdhakoM ke prayogAtmaka vargIkaraNa ke kAraNa hI sambhavataH yoga meM vibhinna prakAra ke pravAha pracalita hue haiM; jaise maMtrayoga, bhaktiyoga, layayoga zivayoga, jJAnayoga, karmayoga maMDaliyoga ityAdi ina yogoM se sambandhita kucha sAhitya bhI Adhunika yuga meM prApta hotA hai| yahA~ hamArA vivecana, pataMjali ke yogasUtra; haThayoga sambandhI sAhitya, aura yoga upaniSad meM vyakta vicAroM taka hI sImita hai| bhArata ke sAMskRtika itihAsa meM yoga kI prAcIna paramparA upalabdha hai / parantu yahA~ para yoga kA aitihAsika vikAsa prastuta karanA hamArA lakSya nahIM hai / hamArA yaha dRr3ha vizvAsa hai ki yadi yoga ko prayoga dvArA hI samajhanA hai to koI bhI upalabdha sAhitya sahAyaka ho sakatA hai, usake aitihAsika vikAsa - vivecana kI AvazyakatA nahIM / prAyogika dRSTi se, yoga ko sarvasAdhAraNa taka pahu~cAne kA prayatna sambhavataH kabhI nahIM huA / yoga abhyAsI sAdhaka apane guru ke sAnnidhya meM rahakara, pratyakSa mArgadarzana meM sAdhanA karate rhe| prAcIna bhArata kI samAja racanA ke anusAra yaha 'sAdhanA' ucita thii| parantu Aja antarrASTrIya sambandhoM se prabhAvita bhAratIya samAja racanA ke kAraNa, kabhI-kabhI yoga aura yoga-sAdhaka ko samajhane meM bhrama bhI utpanna hue haiN| yoga sAhitya kI kliSTa bhASA prayogakartAoM kI anupalabdhi aura kucha logoM dvArA yoga ko sarvasAdhAraNa taka pahu~cAne kA prayatna Adi kAraNoM ne bhI yoga sambandhI kucha bhrama khar3e kara diye haiM / kintu bhramAtmaka dhAraNAoM ke hote hue bhI, bhArata meM aura anya dezoM meM bhI, yoga sambandhI sAhitya; yoga kA abhyAsa karane vAle sAdhaka aura yoga para prayoga karane vAle vaijJAnika manovaijJAnika pracura mAtrA meM upalabdha haiM / yaha eka alaga bAta hai ki inameM se sahI dizA meM kAma karane vAle sAdhaka athavA prayogakartA kitane haiM / adhyAtma aura rahasyavAda ke sAtha yoga kA sambandha sthApita karanA bhI Adhunika yuga kI eka nayI pravRtti hai / isake kAraNa yoga sambandhI kucha dhAraNAyeM to spaSTa huI haiM parantu kucha aura naye bhrama khar3e kara diye gaye haiM / vAstava meM yoga ko prAyogika abhyAsa ke dvArA na samajhate hue, sirpha bhASA sAhitya ke dvArA samajhane kA jaba bhI prayatna hogA, taba aise bhrama khar3e honA svAbhAvika hai| yoga sambandhI adhikRta sAhitya bahuta sImita hai; parantu TIkAyeM, bhASya aura vyAvasAyika lekhakoM dvArA likhita sastI pustakoM kI kamI nahIM hai| pAzcAtya zikSA praNAlI kI 'tulanAtmaka adhyayana' pravRtti ke anukaraNa para yoga- sAhitya kA bhI tulanAtmaka adhyayana prakAza meM AyA hai| isa pravRtti ke anusAra, yoga tathA manovijJAna yoga-manovizleSaNa yoga aura yaugika cikitsA paddhati yoga tathA zarIra vicAMti yoga aura Ayurveda yoga aura gItA; yoga aura mahAbhArata, ityAdi aneka sImita dRSTikoNoM se yoga sAhitya kA adhyayana prastuta huA hai aura ho rahA hai / pariNAmataH yoga- sAhitya kA vikAsa to huA hai parantu yoga-sAdhanA karane vAle sacce abhyAsikoM kI saMkhyA atyalpa hai| yoga sAhitya kI nayI adhyayana zailI kI AlocanA karanA hamArA uddezya nahIM hai, parantu saccAI yaha hai ki sAhitya se hI manaHzAnti prApta karane kI bhAvanA 'yoga abhyAsa' ke lie ghAtaka siddha huI hai / ,
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________________ 2 zrI puSkaramuni abhinandana grantha : navama khaNDa mAnava aura mAnava-samAja anyonyAzrita haiN| parantu mAnava-samAja ke saMgaThana kI prakriyA itanI jaTila ho gayI hai ki usase mAnava jIvana meM aneka samasyAyeM guNAtmaka rUpa meM vikasita hotI jA rahI haiN| Aja ke kucha vicAraka bar3I tIvratA se yaha anubhava karate haiM ki Adhunika yuga meM samAja prabala hotA jA rahA hai aura 'vyakti' kA astitva khotA jA rahA hai ! yadi hameM vyakti aura samAja ke santulana ko banAye rakhanA hai to vyakti ke vyaktitva-vikAsa' kI ora adhika dhyAna denA hogA, jisakI apekSAkRta upekSA hotI rahI hai| aSTAMga yoga meM vyakti ke zArIrika tathA mAnasika vikAsa ke sAtha-sAtha samAja-saMgaThana kA samanvayAtmaka dRSTikoNa bhI spaSTa rUpa se nirdiSTa hai| vyakti ke zArIrika, sAmAjika aura AdhyAtmika pahaluoM ko dRSTi meM rakhakara hI, aSTAMga yoga meM 'yama', 'niyama' Adi kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha ke sAtha-sAtha zauca, saMtoSa, tapaH, svAdhyAya aura IzvarapraNidhAna inhIM pahaluoM kI ora samanvayAtmaka dRSTikoNa prastuta karate haiM / kucha prAcIna granthoM meM yoga-carcA ke antargata dI gayI kucha vizeSa zabdAvalI para, hama yahA~ vicAra karanA cAhate haiM / bhagavadgItA meM 'yukta AhAra-vihAra" kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai / haThayoga ke sAhitya meM 'mitAhAra' aura yogI ke vihAra karane ke sthAna para "surAjya" kA ullekha hai| pataMjali ne bhI ahiMsA, zauca Adi para sirpha eka-eka sUtra likhakara hI samAdhAna mAna liyA hai / vAstava meM isa zabdAvalI ko Adhunika yuga ke vaijJAnika aura gaNitIya stara para vyAkhyAyita nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / kAraNa spaSTa hai, pratyeka vyakti kA AhAra atyanta vyaktigata (nijI) rUpa meM hotA hai aura isI prakAra nidrA, zucitA evaM kArya karane kI kSamatA Adi kA nirNaya bhI vyakti svayaM hI kara sakatA hai| hamAre vicAra se, ina zAstrakAroM ne aSTAMga yoga ke dvArA vyakti ko svayaM vicAra karane ke lie prerita kiyA hai / jo vyakti isa sambandha meM svayaM vicAra nahIM kara sakatA use guru yA zAstra-grantha kucha vizeSa sahAyatA nahIM pahuMcA skte| vyakti kI apanI nijI kSamatA ke abhAva meM, guru athavA grantha atyanta maryAdita rUpa meM hI sahAyaka ho sakate haiM / sAdhanAmArga meM sAdhaka ko apanA uttaradAyitva apane Apa hI samajhanA par3atA hai| isalie yuktAhAra, mitAhAra, alpAhAra, prajalpa, janasaMga, sthairya, citta vizrAMti, AtmAdhyAyI, divya-dRSTi, dhruvagati, kaMThakUpa ityAdi zabdoM ke sarvajanIna artha nizcita nahIM kiye jA sakate / inake artha sAdhanA-mArga ke vyakti-svAtaMtrya para nirbhara haiN| yadi zarIra yA mana meM vikAra yA vyAdhiyA~ AtI haiM to usakA kAraNa guru yA samAja nahIM hai, isa sambandha meM sAdhaka ko svayaM vicAra karanA cAhie / AdhyAtmika-sAdhanA ke mArga-darzana meM zabda ke ThIka-ThIka artha samajhanA-samajhAnA eka kaThina samasyA hai, jise sArvajanika rUpa se sulajhAnA duSkara kArya hai| aSTAMga yoga kI prakriyA meM Asana aura prANAyAma kA bhI mahatvapUrNa sthAna hai| Aja sArI duniyA~ meM AsanaprANAyAma kA pracAra 'phaizana' bana gayA hai| zArIrika-zikSaNa ke kSetra meM bhI yoga-AsanoM kA samAvezana kiyA jA rahA hai| 'yaugika-vyAyAma' nAma se grantha bhI prakAzita ho rahe haiN| roga-nivAraNa ke lie bhI Asana-prANAyAma kA pracAra-prasAra ho rahA hai / 'yoga cikitsA paddhati' aba sarakArI mAnyatA prApta kara rahI hai| isa sambandha meM bhI sAhitya likhA jA rahA hai / parantu hamAre vicAra se ye sAre prayAsa adhUre aura bhrAmaka haiM / Asana-prANAyAma ke isa prakAra ke pracAra-prasAra se adhikAMza logoM ne yaha samajha liyA hai ki Asana-prANAyAma hI 'yoga' hai| vastutaH Asana-prANAyAma ko hI 'yoga' samajha lenA eka bar3I bhrAnti hai / zArIrika-zikSaNa aura roga-nivAraNa ke lie inakA prayoga karanA koI burI bAta nahIM; parantu yaha spaSTa samajha lenA cAhie ki Asana-prANAyAma 'vyAyAma' mAtra nahIM hai| inake saMyojana kA uddezya, 'zarIra' taka hI sImita nahIM, balki inakA uddezya, eka ora manuSya kI sAmAjika pavitratA banAye rakhanA hai to dUsarI ora vyakti kI AdhyAtmika pragati ke lie AdhAra taiyAra karanA hai| parantu ye uddezya tabhI sAdhya ho sakate haiM jaba AsanaprANAyAma kA abhyAsa, yama-niyama ke pAlana karate hue kiyA jaayegaa| Asana-prANAyAma kA uddezya bhautika bhogavilAsa kI abhivRddhi karanA nahIM hai| durbhAgya se adhikAMza loga indriya-bhoga vilAsa ke lie hI Asana-prANAyAma kA abhyAsa karate haiM / isase unakA vyaktigata uddezya kitanA sAdhya hotA hai, yaha to vahI samajheM, kintu isake dvArA 'yoga' ke nAma para 'sAmAjika-zoSaNa' kA eka aura AyAma vikasita ho rahA hai| sAtha hI 'yoga' jaisI sarvAMgapUrNa jIvana paddhati kI chIchaledAra hotI hai, yaha eka durbhAgyapUrNa sthiti hai| Asana aura prANAyAma ke prabhAva ke sambandha meM prAcIna sAhitya ke antargata kucha vizeSa saMketa prApta hote haiM / jaise bhUkha aura pyAsa para niyantraNa honA; divya dRSTi prApta karanA; nidrA-Alasya aura vAta-pitta, kapha Adi doSoM
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________________ yoga: svarUpa aura sAdhanA 3 * se mukti prApti karanA, bahuta hI sahaja batAyA gayA hai| ina saMketoM ke sambandha meM Adhunika yuga meM do prakAra ke mata haiM / eka varga yaha mAnatA hai ki ye sabhI bAteM sAhityika atizayoktiyA~ haiM; vastutaH inameM koI tathya nahIM hai| dUsarA mata yaha hai ki pUrvajoM ne jo bAteM kahIM haiM ve akSarazaH satya haiM, unameM koI zaMkA nahIM karanI caahie| isa sambandha meM hamArA nivedana hai ki isa prakAra ke saMketoM ko 'tyAga' athavA 'grahaNa' karane se pUrva, bauddhika vivAda meM na par3ate hue, unheM prAyogika kasauTI para kasanA caahie| Aja vizva meM karor3oM loga Asana-prANAyAma kA upayoga karate haiM / parantu prayogAtmaka siddhAnta ke lie kisI eka Asana ko tIna sAla, chaH sAla, nau sAla, bAraha sAla taka eka ghaMTA, do ghaMTe, tIna ghaMTe niyamita rUpa se karane vAle kitane loga haiM ? jabaki haThayoga sAhitya meM isa prakAra ke kAla aura abhyAsa kA spaSTa nirdeza hai / haThayoga ke isa prabhAva kI jA~ca-par3atAla ke lie kaI sthAnoM para vaijJAnika prayogazAlAoM ko sthApanA huI hai aura jahA~ taka prAmANika rUpa se yoga abhyAsI upalabdha hue haiM vahA~ taka yoga siddhAntoM kI puSTi meM koI ar3acana utpanna nahIM huI hai / parantu jahA~ paryApta aura anukUla sAdhaka hI upalabdha nahIM haiM, vahA~ prayoga adhUre par3e hue haiN| adhUre prayogoM ke niSkarSa to truTipUrNa hI hoge yA bhrAntiyA~ nirmANa kreNge| haThayoga meM zodhana kriyAoM kA vistAra se varNana kiyA gayA hai| vAstava meM zodhana kriyAoM ke bAda hI Asana tathA prANAyAma karane kA nirdeza hai| sthUla rUpa se zodhana kriyAyeM zarIra kI tatkAlIna aniyamitatAoM se mukti karAne ke lie haiM / parantu vAstava meM inakA prabhAva bar3I sUkSmatA ke sAtha zarIra para par3atA hai / AvazyakatA isa bAta kI hai ki isa prabhAva kA Asana-prANAyAmoM kI taraha hI, vaijJAnika rUpa se, samAyojana aura saMzodhana kiyA jAya / Asana aura prANAyAma kI taraha adhikAra ke sAtha 'zodhana kriyA' siddha karane vAle vyakti samAja meM kyoM nahIM hone cAhie ? aSTAMga yoga kI zreNiyoM meM 'pratyAhAra' ke sambandha meM bahuta kama likhA gayA hai| vAstava meM pratyAhAra, aparigraha tathA yama-niyama Adi eka hI dRSTikoNa ke vividha AyAma haiM / parantu ye bAteM zAstroM kI zobhA bar3hAne ke lie nahIM kahI gyiiN| dArzanika, manovaijJAnika, samAjazAstrI Adi isa bAta ko mAnya karate haiM ki manuSya ke antarmana meM ye jIvana mUlya nihita haiM arthAt manuSya svabhAvata: ahiMsaka, satyabhASI, brahmacArI, Adi hai parantu sAmAjika vAtAvaraNa aura paristhitiyoM ke kAraNa vaha hiMsA, asatyatA Adi sIkhatA hai| tarkazAstra ke anusAra jo bAteM sIkhI jA sakatI haiM ve bhulAI bhI jA sakatI haiN| pratyAhAramaya jIvana jIne vAle kucha Adarza vyakti pratyeka samAja meM hote Aye haiM, jinheM hama RSi, muni, pIra, phakIra, seMTa, moMka, bhikSu, Adi kahate haiM ye vyakti apane-apane samAjoM ke lie preraNAsrota rahe haiM / parantu jaba ye vyakti apane uttaradAyitva kA nirvAha nahIM kareM to zAstroM kA doSa nahIM hai / samAja meM Aja eka aisA varga bhI hai jo kisI sampradAya yA zAstra ko nahIM mAnatA hai parantu AdhArabhUta naitika mUlyoM kI AvazyakatA ko vaha carama sImA taka svIkAra karatA hai / Aja aise varga kI AvazyakatA bhI hai ki jo sAmpradAyikatA se Upara uThakara jIvana mUlyoM ko svIkAra kare / vAstava meM Aja ke sAmAjika jIvana meM kRtrimatA isa hada taka ghara kara gayI hai ki pratyAhAramaya jIvana hI aprAkRtika aura atyanta kaThina lagatA hai| parantu satya yaha hai ki pratyAhAra maya jIvana hI mAnava kA svAbhAvika jIvana hai| isa svAbhAvika jIvana kI adhika carcA nahIM kI jA sakatI / aSTAMga yoga meM, yama-niyama, Asana prANAyAma aura pratyAhAra ko 'bahiraMga yoga' tathA dhAraNA, dhyAna aura samAdhi ko 'aMtaraMga yoga' ke nAma se abhihita kiyA jAtA hai| 'bahiraMga yoga' para citroM se bharI huI aneka pustakeM bAjAra meM upalabdha haiM / Asana prANAyAma kI kucha kriyAyeM carma cakSuoM se dikhAI detI haiM aura unake citra banAye jA sakate haiM / parantu yama-niyama, pratyAhAra aura Asana prANAyAma kI sUkSma kriyAoM aura prabhAvoM ke citra nirmANa karanA kyA sambhava hai ? isI prakAra dhAraNA, dhyAna aura samAdhi kA varNana karanA aura citroM se samajhAnA asambhava hI hai / parantu aisI bhI pustakeM dikhAyI detI haiM jinameM 'samAdhistha' sAdhaka ke citra diye gaye haiM / soye hue athavA mare hue tathA samAdhistha AdamI ke citroM meM koI antara nahIM hotaa| patA nahIM isa prakAra ke citra dekara, lekhakagaNa kisa prakAra yoga-sAdhanA samajhAnA cAhate haiM ? yoga kI dArzanika zabdAvalI ke spaSTIkaraNa kI bhI eka samasyA hai| puruSa, prakRti, guNa, citta, mana, buddhi, ahaMkAra, savikalpa nirvikalpa samAdhi, saptathA prAntabhUmi, dharmaneca samAdhi kaivalya, puruSArtha, sUnya pratiprazva Adi aneka zabdoM kA prayoga zAstroM meM milatA hai| haThayoga meM khecarI, bajrolI, sahajolI, amarolI, caMDI, raNDI, www.jalnelibrary.org
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________________ 4 zrI puSkaramuni abhinandana grantha : navama khaNDa vee) gomAMsa, rAdhA, Adi aneka zabdoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| yoga-sAdhaka manISiyoM se apekSA hai ki ve ina zabdoM ke rahasyoM kA udghATana kreN| inameM se kucha zabda zleSAtmaka haiM aura kucha dArzanika pRSThabhUmi para AdhArita haiM / kucha zabdoM kA artha sAMkhya aura vedAnta se jor3A jAtA hai| kintu phira bhI ye zabda vivAdAspada haiN| parantu hamArA vicAra yaha hai ki isa zabdAvalI ko samajhe binA bhI yoga abhyAsa kiyA jA sakatA hai| sAdhanA karane meM yaha zabdAvalI koI bAdhA upasthita nahIM krtii| yogazAstra meM dhAraNA, dhyAna aura samAdhi ko 'saMyama' nAma se sambodhita kiyA gayA hai aura batAyA hai ki saMyama se siddhiyA~ prApta hotI haiM / bhAratIya darzana meM siddhiyoM kA varNana eka moha kA viSaya banA huA hai / siddhiyA~ prApta karane tathA siddhiyA~ prApta vyaktiyoM kI ora, loga dIvAnoM kI taraha AkRSTa hote haiM / siddhi AkAMkSA ne manuSya ke eka vikRta AyAma ko prastuta kiyA hai| isake kAraNa yoga ke sambandha meM bhrama aura galata dhAraNAyeM pracura mAtrA meM phailI huI haiN| isa vivAdAspada viSaya para yahA~ hama vicAra nahIM karanA cAhate / parantu 'yogasUtra' ke antargata, siddhiyoM ke varNana krama meM prApta "maitryAdiSubalAni" nAmaka sUtra kI ora, hama, sudhIjanoM kA dhyAna AkarSita karanA cAhate haiN| yogAcArya 'maitrI' ko siddhi mAnate haiM / siddhi eka bahuta bar3A 'bala' hai tathA siddhiyA~ 'saMyama' se prApta hotI haiM / dUsare zabdoM meM, siddhi prApta karane ke lie manuSya ko eka prakAra kA niyaMtrita jIvana jIne kI nitAnta AvazyakatA hai, jisameM laukika tathA alaukika kisI bhI tathAkathita yogyatA kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| haThayoga sAhitya meM 'surAjya' tathA 'sudhArmika' aura yoga meM maitrI, karuNA, upekSA Adi zabdoM kA ullekha bhI manuSya-jIvana ke usa AyAma kI ora saMketa karatA hai jisameM zAntimaya jIvana kI vyavasthA ho| isa prakAra kI vyavasthA meM mAnasika vRttiyoM ko eka dizA pradAna karane meM adhika suvidhA athavA saralatA hotI hai| isa prakAra kA niyantrita yA saMyamita jIvana svastha-samAja kI abhivRddhi aura yoga abhyAsa kA poSaNa karatA hai / parantu isa prakAra kA surakSita vAtAvaraNa kauna nirmANa kare ? hamArI dRSTi se, apratyakSa rUpa meM yaha uttaradAyitva yogAbhyAsI kA hI hai| aSTAMga yoga ke sambandha meM eka samajha yaha mAnI jAtI hai ki yoga ke AThoM 'sopAna' alaga-alaga haiM aura eka ke siddha hone para dUsare kA abhyAsa karanA cAhie / hamArI dRSTi meM yaha vicAra eka bhrAMti hai| vAstava meM yoga ke AThoM aMga samAntara rUpa se sAtha-sAtha calate haiM / yama, niyama ke sAtha-sAtha Asana-prANAyAma, dhyAna, dhAraNA Adi kA abhyAsa prArambha kara denA caahie| yadyapi haThayoga meM Asana siddhi kA varNana hai; parantu isakA artha sirpha itanA hI hai ki yoga abhyAsa kI AkAMkSA rakhane vAle vyakti ko kucha nizcita samaya taka sthira baiThane kI kSamatA AnI caahie| prANAyAma Adi ke sambandha meM bhI isI niyama kA avalambana lenA cAhie / isalie yoga abhyAsa kI AkAMkSA hote hI pUrNa aSTAMga yoga kI prakriyA prArambha ho jAtI hai; usake kisI eka aMga ke pUrNa hone kA prazna nahIM utthtaa| sambhava hai ki paramparAvAdiyoM ko yaha vicAra pasanda na Aye / parantu yahA~ hama 'yogasUtra' 4/1 ke usa varNana kI ora dhyAna AkarSita karanA cAhate haiM jisameM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki siddhiyA~ na sirpha samAdhi se hI prApta hotI haiM balki kucha logoM ko janma se, kucha logoM ko mantra se aura kucha logoM ko tapa se bhI siddhiyA~ milatI haiN| paramparAvAdiyoM ke anusAra, aSTAMga yoga kI kaThora niyantraNA se upalabdha 'samAdhi' ke dvArA hI siddhiyA~ milanI caahie| yoga eka nizcita dRSTikoNa kI ora jAne vAlA mArga hai / usa mArga para calane vAle vyakti para, maryAdita rUpa meM, kucha niyantraNa lagAyA jA sakatA hai| hamArI dRSTi se yaha niyantraNa jitanA 'sahaja' hogA sAdhanA utanI hI suphaladAyaka hogii| sambhavataH isalie hI zAstroM meM 'ajapA japa' aura 'sahaja prANAyAma' kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| yaha isa bAta kA bhI dyotaka hai ki jIvana bahuta hI 'sahaja' hai aura yadi use kRtrimatAoM se alaga rakhA jAya to vaha atyanta AnandadAyaka hai / aSTAMga yoga kI kaThora paramparA hameM mAnya hai, parantu isakA artha sAdhaka ko mazIna yA 'jIvamAtra' nahIM mAna lenA caahie| sAdhaka eka caitanya-prANI hai jo apane mArga ke bAre meM sad-asad kA viveka rakhatA hai| jIvana vyavahAra ko isa mArga para lagAne ke bAda, yadi dhyeya spaSTa hai to, paramparAvAdiyoM ko, use thor3I svatantratA denA bahuta Avazyaka hai, kyoMki isa stara taka Ane vAlA sAdhaka ucchRkhala nahIM hogA, yaha spaSTa hai / - yoga kI sAdhanA mAnava samAja ke kRtrima vibhedoM se aprabhAvita hai / isake prayoga sarvajanIna aura sarvakAlika haiM jahA~ kisI bhI avasthA, liMga, jAti, athavA deza-pradeza kA koI bandhana nahIM hai| yoga mAnava mAtra kI upalabdhi hai| 0 0 ... . .
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________________ yoga : svarUpa aura sAdhanA 5 . isa upalabdhi kA lAbha karanA tathA karAnA uttaradAyitva kA kAma hai| isa uttaradAyitva ko kauna bahana kare ? bhArata meM eka bahuta bar3A samAja aisA hai jise samAja ne Arthika-sAmAjika ciMtAoM se mukta kiyA huA hai aura jinheM bhAratIya yoga kI paramparA mAnya hai| yahA~ hamArA saMketa bhArata bhara ke aneka sampradAyoM meM bikhare hue una sAdhu-saMnyAsiyoM kI ora hai; jinhoMne vicArapUrvaka yama-niyama ke mArga para calane kA vrata liyA hai| yama-niyama Adi kI sUkSma prakriyAyeM unake jIvana kI hara gatividhi meM parilakSita honI caahie| ina logoM ko Age Akara una logoM kI sahAyatA karanI cAhie jo 'yoga' ko 'vaijJAnika kasauTI' para parakha kara, Adhunika-jIvana kI AvazyakatAoM ke anusAra, usakA punamUlyAMkana karanA cAhate haiM / Adhunika yuga ke jIvana kI gatizIlatA aura vyastatA ko dhyAna meM rakhakara usakA punarmUlyAMkana honA nitAnta Avazyaka hai / guru-ziSya paramparA kI prAcIna samAja ke anukUla kaThora paripATI ko Aja jyoM kA tyoM apanAne se 'guruDama' hI adhika vikasita huA hai jisase yoga kI sambandha meM bhrAntiyA~ utpanna hotI haiN| bahuta hI saMkSepa meM maiMne yoga ke kucha dRSTikoNa para cintana prastuta kiyA hai / AzA hai vijJagaNa isa para cintana kreNge| *** yoga meM vibhinna paramparAe~ bhAratIya dArzanika paramparA meM yoga kA mahattva isalie hai ki isameM eka jIvana praNAlI kA kramabaddha svarUpa upalabdha hai| Ajakala vizva meM sambhavataH yoga hI sarvAdhika carcita viSaya hai| 'yogic way of living' ko AdhAra rakhakara logoM ne itane vicitra AyAma sAmane rakhe haiM ki yoga ke sahI rUpa ke bAre meM bhrama paidA kara diyA hai| isa samaya yoga pracAra aura yoga ke nAma se hone vAlA Asana abhyAsa eka phaizana ke rUpa meM pracalita ho rahA hai aura yoga kA upayoga zarIra kI sudRr3hatA aura roga-nivAraNa ke lie bahuta hI adhikRta rUpa meM kiyA jA rahA hai| kyA yoga / zarIra taka hI maryAdita hai ? kyA yoga roga-nivAraNa ke lie hI vikasita huA hogA? yoga ke viSaya meM itane bhrama kyoM paidA hue ? yoga ke bhinna-bhinna AyAma kauna se haiM ? isa viSaya para kucha vicAra prastuta kara rahe haiN| yoga sambandhI kramAgata vicAra pataMjali ke yoga-sUtroM meM upalabdha haiN| yogadarzana kA SaDdarzana meM eka mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai / isake atirikta yoga zabda ke sAtha dhvanita hone vAle bahuta sAre yoga ke hI AyAma apanA eka svatantra astitva prasthApita karane meM saphala hue haiN| Aja hameM haThayoga, rAjayoga, maMtrayoga, layayoga ke atirikta karmayoga, bhaktiyoga, kriyAyoga, kuMDalinIyoga ityAdi ke nAma se vipula mAtrA meM sAhitya upalabdha hai aura zraddhA tathA bhakti ke -sAtha isakA pracAra karane vAle tathA pAlana karane vAle bhI milate haiN| inake atirikta videzoM meM to yoga ke nAma se aisI zabdAvalI taiyAra ho gayI hai ki bhAratIya yoga paramparA ke premiyoM ko bhI saMbhrama aura Azcarya hotA hai| udAharaNa ke lie yoga ke sAtha jor3e gaye kucha zabda isa prakAra haiM-Centre for Applied Yoga, Integral Yoga Centre, Kripalu Yoga Centre, Shri Gurudev Siddha Yoga Ashram, Rajayoga Centre, Sodhana Yoga Centre, Santosh Yoga Centre, Shanti Studio of Yoga, Yoga Gestalt Studio, Yoga Synthesis : Inner Awareness, Yoga Theraphy Centre, Integral Yoga Institute, Christa Nomdo Ashram for Yoga and Meditation, The American Institute of Yoga, International School of Yoga and Vedanta Philosophy, Temple of Kriya Yoga, Babaji Yoga Sangam, East-West Yoga Centre, The Yoga Academic Foundation, Yoga Seminary of New York, Agniyogo Society, Yoga Guild of America, Light of Yoga Society, Yoga and Health Centre, Yogananda Ashram Society, Yoga Fitness Centre etc. pataMjali ne apane sUtroM meM "yogazcittavRttinirodhaH" isa prakAra yoga kI paribhASA dI hai| bhASyakAra vyAsa ne "yogaH samAdhiH" aisI vyAkhyA kI hai / vijJAnabhikSu ne apane grantha yogasArasaMgraha meM yoga kI paribhASA "samyak prajJAyate" isa prakAra kI hai| yAjJavalkya ne yoga kI paribhASA "saMyogo yoga ityukto jIvAtmaparamAtmano" ina zabdoM meM
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________________ 6 zrI puSkaramuni abhinandana grantha : navama khaNDa 99 kI hai / viSNupurANa meM yoga kI paribhASA eka vizeSa prakAra se kI gaI hai-"AtmaprayatnasApekSA viziSTA yA manogatiH / " haThayoga sAhitya meM bhI kucha isI prakAra ke zabdoM dvArA yoga ko paribhASita kiyA gayA hai| pataMjali ne yoga kI eka paribhASA 'yamaniyamAsanaprANAyAmapratyAhAradhAraNAdhyAnasamAdhayo'STAvaMgAni" isa prakAra bhI kI hai / yadi sUkSma dRSTi se dekhA jAya to eka dUsarI bhI paribhASA yogasUtroM meM upalabdha hai| isa paribhASA ke AdhAra para kriyAyoga nAmaka eka yoga pracalita huA hai| vaha paribhASA isa prakAra hai-"tapaHsvAdhyAyezvarapraNidhAnAni / " kucha loga "abhyAsa vairAgyAbhyAM tannirodhaH" athavA "tatpratiSedhArthamekatattvAbhyAsaH" bhI karate haiN| saMkSepa meM hama yahI kaha sakate haiM ki pataMjali ke sUtroM meM hameM eka kramabaddha praNAlI milatI hai / aSTAMga yoga ke viSaya meM bahiraMga aura antaraMga zabdoM dvArA Adhunika yoga sAhitya meM vizleSaNAtmaka bhrama nirmANa ho gayA hai aura isa prakAra kA kucha sAhitya bhI upalabdha hai / aSTAMga yoga ke prathama pA~ca aMgoM ko kucha logoM ne bahiraMga yoga ke svarUpa meM liyA hai aura dhAraNA, dhyAna, samAdhi ko antaraMga yoga ke nAma se pracalita kiyA hai| vAstava meM yoga kI sArI prakriyA cittavRttinirodha ke lie hai / aura citta kI vyAkhyA na dekara pataMjali ne usake kArya kI ora saMketa kiyA hai / ataH yama aura niyama jinakA pariNAma manuSya ke vyavahAra para par3ane vAlA hai, kisa prakAra bahiraMga ho sakate haiM ? usI prakAra Asana aura prANAyAma karate hue loga yadyapi hameM dikhate haiM, to bhI unakA pariNAma kyA sirpha zarIra para hI hotA hai ? pratyAhAra kisa prakAra bAhya kriyA ho sakatI hai ? vAstava meM ina zabdoM ko samajhane meM thor3A-sA bhrama ho gayA hai aura zAbdika bhrama ke kAraNa kucha loga isa prakAra kI vyAkhyA kara baiThe haiN| aSTAMga yoga ko AdhArabhUta mAnakara kucha anya sAdhanA paddhatiyA~ yoga ke antargata samaya-samaya para vikasita huI haiM aura manuSya svabhAva kI vividhatA ke anurUpa Aja saba apanA-apanA svatantra sthAna prApta kara cukI haiN| haThayoga sarvavidita aura bahuzruta sAdhanA paddhati hai| haThayoga-pradIpikA ke anusAra yoga ke aMga isa prakAra svIkAra kiye gaye haiM--Asana, kumbhaka (prANAyAma), mudrA aura nAda-anusandhAna / haThayoga-pradIpikA ke hI cauthe upadeza ke anta meM "samAdhilakSaNaM nAma caturthopadezaH" hai parantu samAdhi kA vivecana grantha meM upalabdha nahIM hai| haThayoga kA dUsarA pramukha grantha 'gheraNDasaMhitA' hai / isake anusAra yoga ke sAta aMga batAye gaye haiM-SaTkarma, Asana, mudrA, pratyAhAra, prANAyAma, dhyAna aura samAdhi / ' haThayoga ke anya sAhitya meM zivasaMhitA, gorakSazataka, siddhasiddhAnta paddhati Adi meM isakA vizeSa ullekha nahIM hai, parantu amRtanAda upaniSad meM pratyAhAra, dhyAna, prANAyAma, dhAraNA, tarka aura samAdhi yoga ke ye cha: aMga batAye haiN|' [chaH aMgoM kA krama yahA~ vicAraNIya hai, sAtha hI tarka nAmaka aMga anyatra kahIM bhI samAviSTa nahIM kiyA gayA hai / isa upaniSad ko yadi AdhAra mAnA jAya to bahiraMga aura antaraMga vibhAjana karane kI icchA ke lie eka nayI samasyA khar3I ho jAyegI / paramparAgata dhAraNA, dhyAna aura samAdhikrama upaniSadkAra ko mAnya pratIta nahIM hotaa| isa krama meM pratyAhAra aura prANAyAma ke madhya meM dhyAna ko rakhA gayA hai aura sambhavataH yahA~ para dhyAna kA artha kucha bhinna bhI ho sakatA hai| dUsarI mahattvapUrNa bAta dhyAna ke bAda dhAraNA ko rakhanA hai / yaha eka cintana aura manana kA viSaya hai|] tejabindu upaniSad meM yoga ke pandraha aMga dikhAye haiM yamo hi niyamastyAgo maunaM dezazca kAlataH / AsanaM mUlabandhazca dehasAmyaM ca dRsthitiH // 15 // prANasaMyamanaM caiva pratyAhArazca dhaarnnaa| AtmadhyAnaM samAdhizca proktAnyAMgAni vai kramAt // 16 // sambhavataH yoga aMgoM kI yaha vistRta sUcI hai| paramparAgata aSTAMga yoga isameM nizcita krama ke anusAra hI mAnya hai / sambhavataH upaniSadkAra ne kucha vizleSaNa sAdhuoM kI suvidhA ke lie kara diyA hai / darzana upaniSad meM aSTAMga yoga tathAkrama mAnya kiyA hai| yahA~ hameM eka nayI cIja yama aura niyamoM ke vistAra sambandhI dikhatI hai| pataMjali ne ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha aise pA~ca yama batAye haiN| darzana upaniSad meM dasa yama isa prakAra batAye gaye haiM-(1) ahiMsA, (2) satya, (3) asteya, (4) brahmacarya, (5) dayA, (6) Arjava, (7) kSamA, (8) dhRti, (8) mitAhAra, (10) zauca / pataMjali ke anusAra zauca, santoSa, tapa, svAdhyAya aura IzvarapraNidhAna pA~ca niyama haiN| darzana upaniSad ke anusAra dasa niyama ye haiM .
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________________ yoga : svarUpa aura sAdhanA 7 . tapaH santoSamAstikyaM dAnamIzvarapUjanam / siddhAntazravaNaM caiva hImatizca japo vratam // 1 // yama aura niyamoM ke isa vivaraNa meM yadi pataMjali ko AdhAra mAnA jAya to antargata vivaraNa meM thor3A-sA bheda dhyAna meM AtA hai / upaniSadkAra ne zauca ko yama ke antargata liyA hai aura kucha anya vizleSaNa apanI ora se de diyA hai| niyamoM ke varNana meM bhI kucha adhika vizleSaNa hameM upalabdha hai| yadyapi aparigraha zabda kA yahA~ ullekha nahIM hai, to bhI bhAvarUpa se upalabdha hai / paramparAgata yoga-praNAlI meM yaha eka mahattvapUrNa yogadAna hai aura sambhavataH sAdhaka ko zabda chala se bacAne ke lie suspaSTa vivecana kiyA gayA hai| maNDala brAhmaNa upaniSad meM yadyapi aSTAMga yoga zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai to bhI isakA vizleSaNa paramparAgata aSTAMga yoga se bhinna hai| yahA~ para cAra yama diye gaye haiM aura nau niyama dikhAye haiN| isa vivaraNa se eka bAta spaSTa hotI hai ki yadyapi paramparAgata zailI aura isa upaniSad kI zailI meM kucha bheda hai, tathApi adhika se adhika mArgadarzana karane kI bhAvanA parilakSita hai| yogacUDAmaNi upaniSad ke anusAra yoga ke chaH aMga mAnya kiye gaye haiN| usameM yama aura niyama samAviSTa nahIM hai| yogatattva upaniSad meM cAra prakAra ke yoga batAye gaye haiN| haThayoga kA varNana karate samaya aSTAMga yoga kA krama mAnya kiyA hai| yahA~ eka bAta aura kucha naye rUpa meM dikhatI hai, isake anusAra AhAra ko mukhya yama batAyA gayA hai aura ahiMsA ko mukhya niyama / cAra Asana bhI mukhya rUpa se batAye gaye haiM--siddhAsana, padmAsana, siMhAsana (siMha Asana) aura bhadrAsana / yogazikSA upaniSad meM yadyapi cAra prakAra ke yoga diye gaye haiM tathApi paramparAgata aSTAMga yoga kA varNana upalabdha nahIM hai / parantu yoga abhyAsa sambandhI vividha AyAma vistRta rUpa meM upalabdha haiN| zAMDilya upaniSad meM paramparAgata aSTAMga yoga kA krama mAnya kiyA hai| yahA~ para bhI dasa prakAra ke yama aura dasa prakAra ke niyamoM kA ullekha hai| eka mahattvapUrNa ullekha pratyAhAra sambandhI hai| zAMDilya upaniSad ke anusAra pA~ca prakAra ke pratyAhAra diye gaye haiN| dhyAna sambandhI carcA meM saguNa aura nirguNa do prakAra ke dhyAna batAye gaye haiN| uparyukta ati saMkSipta varNana meM haThayoga sambandhI zAbdika matabheda hI spaSTa rUpa se dikhatA hai| vAstava meM mUla bhAvanA sabhI granthakAroM ko mAnya hai-aisA pratIta hotA hai| apanI svatantra zailI meM viSaya pratipAdita karate samaya isa prakAra ke bheda dikhAI par3ate haiN| dUsarI mahattvapUrNa carcA sAdhaka ke vikAsa kI dRSTi se AhAra-AcaraNa sambandhI vistRta aura spaSTa rUpa se kI gayI hai| yadi aisA kahA jAya ki ina granthoM meM vizada kiye gaye viSaya Adhunika jagata meM pratyeka mumukSu ke lie Avazyaka aura upayogI haiM to atizayokti na hogii| haThayoga pradIpikA meM "kevala rAjayogAya haThavidyopadizyate" (1-2) kucha isa prakAra kA varNana cauthe upadeza meM bhI AyA hai (3 aura 8) / mahattvapUrNa bAta yaha hai ki rAjayoga kI vyAkhyA yahA~ para upalabdha nahIM hai| yogatattva upaniSad meM rAjayoga kA varNana bahuta hI saMkSipta rUpa meM upalabdha hai|" viveka aura vairAgya ko sabase jyAdA mahattva pradAna kiyA gayA hai| yogazikSA upaniSad meM rAjayoga kA varNana isa prakAra hai yonimadhye mahAkSetre japAbandhUkasaMnibham / rajo vasati jantUnAM devI tattvaM samAvRtam // 136 // rajaso retaso yogAdrAjayoga iti smRtaH / aNimAvipadaM prApya rAjate rAjayogataH // 137 // rAjayoga zabda kA adhika pracAra sambhavataH pataMjali ke yogasUtroM para svAmI vivekAnanda dvArA likhita bhASya ke bAda huA / yogasUtroM ko kisa AdhAra para unhoMne rAjayoga kI saMjJA dI, yaha eka vivAdAspada viSaya hai| Yoga, the method of Re-integration-by Alain Daniclou nAmaka grantha meM navama adhyAya meM rAjayoga kA varNana karane kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai| parantu pradatta AdhAra viSaya ko kucha adhika hI ulajhA detA hai| sambhavataH rAjayoga zabda rAja zabda ke kAraNa kucha bhrama nirmANa karane meM saphala huA hai| parantu rAjayoga kA sahI marma aprApya hai / aisA bhI ho sakatA hai ki haThayoga kI vyavasthita paramparA ke sAmane rAjayoga kA zithila varNana Tikane meM asamartha rahA ho / aura AcAryoM ne isakI AvazyakatA na samajha kara upekSA kara dI ho| yogatattva upaniSad meM jo cAra yoga batAye haiM, unameM maMtrayoga sabase prathama hai| parantu Azcarya kI bAta yaha hai ki isakA varNana kevala do zlokoM meM hI kara diyA gayA hai
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________________ .8 zrI puSkaramuni abhinandana grantha : navama khaNDa eteSAM lakSaNaM brahman vakSye zruNu samAsataH / mAtRkAdiyutaM mantraM dvAdazAbdaM tu yo japet // 21 // krameNa labhate jJAnamaNimAdiguNAnvitam / alpabuddhirimaM yoga sevate sAdhakAdhamaH // 22 // yogazikSA upaniSad meM bhI maMtrayoga kA varNana ati saMkSipta rUpa meM kiyA hai| maMtrayoga ke eka rUpa kA nAma japayoga ke nAma se bhI vikasita hai / isakI prazaMsA manusmRti meM bhI kI gayI hai| japa sambandhI vistRta varNana anya sAhitya meM bhI upalabdha hai / trizakhI-brAhmaNa upaniSad, darzana upaniSad, varAha upaniSad aura zAMDilya upaniSad meM japa ko vrata ke rUpa meM mAnya kiyA hai| eka anya mahattvapUrNa bAta japa sambandhI hameM yahA~ para upalabdha hai aura vaha hai japavidhi sambandhI sAdhaka ko dI gayI svatantratA / 14 yogatattva upaniSad meM 'layayoga' kA varNana isa prakAra hai layayogazcittalayaH koTizaH parikIrtitaH / gacchaMstiSThansvapanbhuJjandhyAyenniSkalamIzvaram // 23 // kucha isI prakAra kA varNana yogazikSA upaniSad meM bhI upalabdha hai / 15 haThayoga pradIpikA meM nAda kA varNana karate samaya "laya" zabda kA upayoga kiyA gayA hai jo sambhavataH kriyA kA bodha karAtA hai / 19 gheraNDa saMhitA meM laya yoga kA saMdarbha isa prakAra hai zambhavyA caiva bhrAmaryA khecaryA yonimudryaa| dhyAnam nAdaM rasAnandaM layasiddhizcaturvidhA // 7-5 // nAdabindu upaniSad meM vistAra ke sAtha layayoga ke krama aura prabhAva kA varNana aura vizleSaNa kiyA gayA hai| vAstava meM yaha saba varNana nAda (dhvani) para dhyAna kendrita karane ke lie kiyA gayA hai aura sAdhaka nirantara abhyAsa se sarva prakAra kI cintAoM se mukti prApta karatA huA aura saba prakAra ke prayatnoM se pare eka aisI avasthA meM A jAtA hai jise citta kI vilInatA kahA jAtA hai|" nirantara eka hI dhvani athavA eka hI prakAra kI AvAja para dhyAna kendrita karane para zarIra ke Upara sambhavataH kucha adbhuta pariNAma hote haiM / citta kI ekAgratA kI dRSTi se kramabaddha svara kA Alambana svIkAra karake use bA~dhane kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai| citta kI isa prakAra kI avasthA lAne kA prayatna Adhunika saMgIta meM bhI prayogAtmaka rUpa meM vikasita ho rahA hai| per3a-paudhoM para aura pazuoM para eka vizeSa prakAra kI saMgIta lahariyoM kA prayoga kucha vaijJAnikoM ne Arambha kiyA hai / jo pariNAma vanaspati aura pazuoM para ho sakate haiM, usI prakAra ke kucha pariNAma adhyAtma sAdhanA meM rata vyakti para bhI avazya hote hoMge / isa prakAra ke zabdoM kA prabhAva yoga ke anya sAhitya meM bhI upalabdha hai jo isa bAta kA saMketa hai ki prAcIna RSiyoM ne kucha niyantraNa apane hAtha meM le liye the| svara-yoga kA yaha bhAga vaijJAnika dRSTi se zodha kA viSaya hai|| jJAna, karma aura bhakti yoga zrImadbhagavadgItA ke sAtha sarvAdhika jur3e hue pracalita zabda haiN| yoga ke sampUrNa sAhitya meM kisI na kisI rUpa meM ina zabdoM kA upayoga milatA hai| isa viSaya para adhika vistAra se vivecana na karate hue itanA hI kahA jA sakatA hai ki eka hI viSaya ke ye tIna AyAma haiN| athavA kisI bhI kAma ko pahale samajhanA aura phira zraddhA aura bhakti ke sAtha kriyAnvita krnaa| bhaktiyoga para to jitanA likhA jAya utanA hI kama hai / bhAgavata dharma meM navadhAbhakti kA vistRta vizleSaNa huA hai / bhakti mArga kA hI eka rUpa parAbhakti hai| ina tInoM yoga kI vidhAoM meM vairAgya bhAvanA para bahuta jora diyA gayA hai| bhAratIya sAMskRtika jIvana-bauddha, jaina aura vaidika paramparA meM vairAgya bhAvanA ko vikasita karane kA sadA Agraha kiyA gayA hai| vastuta: vairAgya bhAvanA vikasita hotehote sAdhakoM ko bahuta se anubhava hone kI paristhiti nirmita ho jAtI hai| Adhunika samAjazAstriyoM ne bhI vairAgya bhAvanA se milate-julate vicAra pragaTa kiye haiM / samAjazAstrI aura arthazAstrI bhI kucha hicakate hue saMgraha vRtti kI ora saMketa karate haiN| samAja meM samAna bhAvanA preSita karane kI dRSTi se aparigraha aura vairAgya atIva Avazyaka hai| trizikhI brAhmaNa upaniSad meM jJAna aura karma yoga ke viSaya meM vistRta vizleSaNa upalabdha hai / jIvana kI ye vidhAe~ sAmAjika viSamatAoM ko kama karane meM bhI kisI dRSTi taka sambhavataH upayukta mAnI gaI haiN| yadi aisA kaheM to ati .
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________________ yoga : svarUpa aura sAdhanA . zayokti na hogI ki sambhavataH sabhI prakAra kI dhArmika vidhAoM meM jJAna, bhakti aura karma kA prabhAva kisI na kisI rUpa meM milatA hai| kuMDalinIyoga, yoga kA sabase adhika priya aura AkarSita karane vAlA va vivAdAspada AyAma hai / yogazAstra meM kuMDalinI zakti ke aneka nAma diye gaye haiM aura isa para vistRta sAhitya bhI upalabdha hai / 20 yoga sambandhI granthoM meM kuMDalinI ke cakra aura padmadaloM ke bAre meM bhI zivasaMhitA-adhyAya 5; dhyAnabindu upaniSad, zAMDilya upaniSad; yoga kuNDalinI upaniSad; siddha siddhAnta paddhati Adi vibhinna granthoM meM alaga-alaga varNana hai| *** dhyAna-sampradAya, yoga aura jaina sAdhanA bIsavIM zatAbdI meM vijJAna kI pragati ke sAtha-sAtha mAnava ke astitva ko TikAne ke lie kucha prAcIna dArzanika paramparAyeM aura unhIM paramparAoM se kucha aMzoM ko sAmane rakhate hue kucha naye mata, manana-cintana tathA carcA ke viSaya ho rahe haiN| prAcIna bhAratIya paramparA meM mAnava ke sarvAMgINa vikAsa kI ora sadaiva prayAsa kiyA jAtA rahA hai| bhArata kI dArzanika paramparA aura dhArmika evaM sAMskRtika jIvana kI ghaniSThatA tathA ekarUpatA ko, pAzcAtya dArzanika praNAlI meM nizcaya hI koI viziSTa sthAna prApta nahIM huA hai| hama yaha nizcita rUpa se kaha sakate haiM ki bhAratIya paramparA meM vyAvahArika jIvana aura jIvana meM nitya prati Ane vAlI samasyAoM ke sambandha meM gahanatA ke sAtha vicAra aura vivecana kiyA gayA hai / zarIra ke bhautika AyAmoM se pare haTakara, eka dUsarA bhI aisA AyAma hai jisakI carcA sambhavataH tArkika bhASA meM na utArI jA sake / bhAratIya paramparA meM vaidika darzana ke sAtha-sAtha jaina-darzana aura bauddha-darzana kA bhI vikAsa huA / * tInoM darzanoM kA jIvana ke vyAvahArika dRSTikoNa ke sAtha gaharA sambandha hai| yaha sambandha, jIvana meM-zarIra tathA zarIra se hone vAle zubhAzubha karmoM athavA zarIra meM utpanna hone vAlI icchAoM aura unase hone vAle pariNAmoM (zarIra para, buddhi para aura yadi mana kI paribhASA nizcita ho to usa para bhI) Adi se sambandhita hai / bIsavIM zatAbdI meM kucha astitvavAdiyoM ne kucha isI prakAra kA ciMtana karane kA prayatna kiyA hai aura manovizleSaNa ke kSetra meM kAma karane vAle kucha vidvAnoM ne bhI isI taraha kA vivecana karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| sabhI jagaha hameM eka hI prayatna isa sandarbha meM dikhAI detA hai ki mAnava ko saMsAra meM bhautika sukha ke sAtha-sAtha kucha aura bhI cAhie; jo usakI prApti hetu mArga dikhA sake, preraNA de sake / yadyapi yaha eka bahuta bar3I AkAMkSA hai aura nizcita pariNAma taka pahu~cane kI sambhAvanA na dikha rahI ho to bhI vizvAsa aisA dikha rahA hai ki isa prayatna ke dvArA mAnava ko kucha upalabdhi avazya hogii| prastuta vivecana meM bhAratIya darzana praNAlI meM se hamAre vivecana kA viSaya yoga kA vaha bhAga hogA jahA~ zarIra ke sAtha kucha prayoga karane kI suvidhA hai aura usa prayoga ke sAtha anubhava prApta karane kA AhvAna bhI hai / isI prakAra jaina-darzana meM yoga sambandhI kiye gaye kAryoM meM vizeSa rUpa se AcArya hemacandra kA yogazAstra aura usI se sambandhita vivecana jJAnArNava meM AcArya zubhacandra aura bauddha-darzana meM 'jena buddhijma' sambandhI sAhitya kA vivecana kiyA jaayegaa| isa vivecana meM tulanAtmaka dRSTikoNa nahIM hai| sAtha hI kisI bhI praNAlI kI AlocanA bhI nahIM kI gayI hai| mAnava jIvana ke samasyAmUlaka AyAma kA jo prayAsa tInoM praNAliyoM meM kiyA gayA hai usI kA vivecana karane kA eka prayAsa hai / eka mahatvapUrNa bAta aura bhI hai, ki jaba taka mAnava svayaM apanI samasyAoM ke sambandha meM gahanatama rUpa se cintana aura tIvratA ke sAtha anubhUti na kare, dUsare ke dikhAye gaye mArga, prArambha meM use upayogI laga sakate haiM, parantu antatogatvA ve mArga usakA sAtha nahIM de pAte / aisI bhI sambhAvanA hai ki ve usake lie bojha bana jAyeM / prAcInakAla se dArzanika pRSThabhUmi para jo matabheda dRSTigocara hote haiM ve yA to vyaktigata samajha ke pariNAma haiM * hindU, bauddha, jaina athavA hindU-jaina, hindU-bauddha Adi kA kramika vivAda uThAnA yahA~ abhipreta nahIM hai| -sampAdaka
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________________ wwwwwww 0 10 zrI puSkaramuni abhinandana grantha : navama khaNDa athavA svArthabuddhi ke kAraNa aura pramAda ke kAraNa bhI ho sakate haiN| mAnava svabhAva kI saralatA aura svAbhAvika jIvana tarka para nahIM, andhavizvAsa para bhI nahIM, parantu zraddhA aura vizvAsa para avazya hI Azrita hai| yoga-mArga meM citta meM prasArita hone vAlI vRttiyoM ko samajhane ke lie aura unase mukti prApta karane ke lie mArga batAyA gayA hai tathA apane sahI mArga ko dekhane aura samajhane ke lie saMketa kiyA gayA hai / 21 yoga kA hetu antima sUtroM meM pataMjali ne svarUpa pratiSThA kahA hai| isa svarUpa-pratiSThA ko samajhane kI yadi tIvra AkAMkSA hogI to yaha bahuta sarala hai aura yadi apanA prayatna bhAvanAtmaka aura kSaNika vairAgya se prabhAvita hogA, to bahuta kaThina hai / yoga sUtroM meM jo kramika vikAsa hameM dikhatA hai usake pIche eka aisA prayatna hai jisameM sAdhaka sahaja aura svAbhAvika avasthA meM rahatA huA; saba prakAra ke sAmAjika anubhavoM se gujaratA huA bhI apane svarUpa ko jAnane ke lie prayatnazIla rahatA hai / yadyapi pataJjali kucha mArgoM kI ora saMketa karate haiM tathApi unheM isa bAta kI pUrNa kalpanA hai ki sAdhanAvasthA meM mazIna kI taraha nizcita mArga nahIM batAyA jA sakatA; mArga kI ora saMketa hI kiyA jA sakatA hai / calane kI preraNA dI jA sakatI hai, parantu calane ke lie jo prayatna hai vaha svayaM sAdhaka ko hI karanA hogaa| aura isIlie sambhavataH ve aisA kahate haiM ki ApakI jaisI icchA hai Apa vaisA kreN| 22 haThayoga ke sAhitya meM bhI kucha isI prakAra kA vivecana hai / yahA~ isa bAta kA saMketa kiyA gayA hai ki jaba taka sAdhaka svayaM kriyArata nahIM hogA use kisI prakAra kA lAbha hone kI sambhAvanA nahIM hai / veza dhAraNa karane se kisI bhI prakAra kA mArga milane kI sambhAvanA nahIM hai, logoM meM bhrama avazya prasArita ho sakatA hai| 'viveka mArtaNDa' meM bar3e kar3e zabdoM meM sAdhaka kI tulanA 'gadhe' ke sAtha kI gayI hai| yadi saMkalpa spaSTa na ho to dhUla meM jIvana vyatIta karanA athavA ThaNDI aura garmI se zarIra ko kaSTa denA vyartha hai kyoMki gadhA hamezA garmI sardI sahana karatA rahatA hai aura dhUlamiTTI se bhI lathapatha rahatA hai| sAdhaka yadyapi isI prakAra kA dikhatA hai to bhI usakA hetu bar3A spaSTa rahatA hai aura jaba taka hetu spaSTa na rahe taba taka bAhyADambara eka prakAra kA bandhana hI rahatA hai / 24 pataJjali ne to AsanoM kA varNana karate samaya bhI svayaM anubhava lene ke lie prerita kiyA hai| unhoMne zarIra ko jaisI sAdhaka kI icchA ho vaisA rakhane kA saMketa kiyA hai| isase eka bAta yaha bhI spaSTa hotI hai ki sAdhanA sAmUhika rUpa se nahIM kI jA sktii| kucha sAdhaka ekatra raha sakate haiM, parantu anubhUti vyaktigata aura maryAdita rUpa meM hI hogii| dUsare zabdoM meM hama aisA kaha sakate haiN| ki sAdhaka kA jIvana ADambarahIna, niSkapaTa, eka dRSTikoNa ko sAmane rakhate hue jIne kI AkAMkSA aura apane svarUpa ko samajhane kA vizvAsa- yahI yoga kA eka sahaja svarUpa hai / jaina paramparA meM yogazAstra ke racayitA AcArya hemacandra yogazAstra ke cauthe aura pA~caveM prakAza meM Asana aura prANAyAma kA vistRta vizleSaNAtmaka varNana karate haiN| yadi isa grantha ko pAMcaveM prakAza taka hI par3hA jAe to jaina AcArya ke prati bhrama hue bagaira nahIM rahegA / kucha aisI bhI sambhAvanA sAdhaka ko dikhegI ki jaina AcArya yA to yogamArga se prabhAvita haiM yA usake pravartaka haiN| parantu jaba hama chaThe prakAza ko dekhate haiM to hameM eka saumya jhaTakA sA lagatA hai / 25 jina AcAryazrI ne Asana aura prANAyAma ke vistRta vizleSaNa meM itanA samaya lagAyA unheM isakI anAvazyakatA ke lie yaha zloka likhane kI AvazyakatA kyoM par3I ? hetu spaSTa dikhatA hai / yadyapi jaina AcArya yogamArga kA saMketa karate haiM to bhI yaha mArga bAghA svarUpa hai, isa bAta kA bhI unheM pUrNarUpa se dhyAna hai aura isIlie sAdhakoM ko unhoMne spaSTa saMketa de diyA hai / sAdhanA mArga meM eka vistRta svarUpa kI svatantratA dene ke bAda vaha svatantratA ucchRMkhalatA meM parivartita na ho jAe, aisI sAvadhAnI hameM spaSTa rUpa se parakhanI hotI hai / ADambara aura pramAda kA bhI yahA~ dhyAna rakhanA par3atA hai / jaina sAdhanA paddhati ke paramparAgata rUpa meM Tike rahane kA sambhavataH yahI kAraNa rahA hogaa| mAnava kI sahaja vRttiyoM ko eka niyantrita mArga-darzana isa jIvana praNAlI meM paga-paga para dikhatA hai / prastuta nibandha dhyAna-paramparA ko sammukha rakhakara cintana karane ke lie nizcita kiyA gayA hai aura dhyAnaparamparA kA sampUrNa prAcIna aura Adhunika sAhitya mAnava kI vyaktigata anubhUti ko hI dhyAna meM rakhakara sRjita kiyA gayA hai / yoga-paramparA aura jaina paramparA meM bhI kucha AyAma isI stara ke prApta hote haiN| jaisA ki hamane Upara saMketa kiyA hai, isa nibandha kA hetu na to kisI mArga kI AlocanA karanA hai aura na kisI mArga kI tulanA, varan tInoM praNAliyoM kA hetu mAnava ke sahI svarUpa ko samajhane ke lie sahAyatA karanA hai| isI sandarbha meM thor3A sA ullekha hamane astitvavAdI prayatna aura manovizleSaNAtmaka paddhati ke sambandha meM bhI kiyA hai / jena buddhijma ke aitihAsika vivecana meM na pha~sakara jo kucha upalabdha sAhitya hai usake tAttvika vivecana
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________________ yoga : svarUpa aura sAdhanA 11 . + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + kSita hotI ho to bhI baMdhI hai jina para imarAzAvAda ke sthAna kI bA para vicAra karane kA hamArA prayAsa rahegA / aMgrejI meM upalabdha sAhitya meM lagabhaga sabhI granthoM meM vistRta grantha sUcI upalabdha hai| suvidhA ke lie hama 'jena' zabda kA anuvAda 'dhyAna' zabda meM karake maryAdita svarUpa meM vivecana kareMge / dhyAna-sAhitya meM kucha vicitra ghoSaNAe~ par3hane ko milatI haiN| udAharaNa ke lie, Sitting quietly, doing nothing, athavA tAlI kI AvAja eka hAtha se, athavA botala meM banda batakha ko botala tor3e bagaira bAhara nikAlanA athavA maiM kucha bhI svIkAra nahIM karatA aura kucha niSedha bhI nhiiN| dhyAna mata ke anusAra kArya ko karanA' kArya ko karanA hai'The Zen way of doing things is to do them.' 'Zen lives in facts, fades in abstractions and is hard to find in our noblest thought.''A sense of serenity, a sense of flow, and a sense of rightness in all action. All that happens, happens right.' 'To the good I act with goodness; to the bad I also act with goodness.' Zen talks of quality of living and not standard of living.' Is-ness Now-ness One-ness. dhyAna sambandhI sabhI sAhitya aura sabhI prayatnoM meM isa bAta kI ora saMketa kiyA gayA hai ki tarka aura zabdoM meM na to dharma ko bA~dhA aura nApA jA sakatA hai aura na hI jIvana ko| prAtaHkAla se lekara rAtri taka sabhI avasthAoM kA jIvana zabdoM se pare hai, vivecana se mukta hai, sabhI prakAra ke zAbdika jAla se mukta hai, aura jIvana kI pratyeka ghaTanA svIkAra karane meM hI manuSya kI zreSThatA dikhAyI hai| yadi hama apane jIvana ke kAlakrama meM ghaTita hone vAlo sabhI ghaTanAoM kA tArkika dRSTi se vivecana kareM to bahuta jaldI hI hama isa niSkarSa para pahu~cate haiM ki jIvana kI sabhI gatividhiyoM kA vivecana asambhava hai| svayaM ko bhulAvA dene ke lie zAbdika jAla khar3A kara sakate haiM, parantu vastusthiti yaha hai ki jIvana ko tArkika jAla meM bA~dhA hI nahIM jA sktaa| isa vidhAna se kucha nirAzAjanaka dhvani parilakSita hotI ho to bhI saccI bAta se muMha mor3anA apane Apako a~dhere meM rakhanA hai / sRSTi meM hone vAlI sabhI ghaTanAe~ kisI eka aise krama se ba~dhI haiM jina para hama kucha nizcita mAtrA taka hI maryAdA rakha sakate haiN| isa krama ko yadi hama svecchApUrvaka svIkAra kara leM to jIvana nirAzAvAda ke sthAna para vikAsavAda kI ora nizcita rUpa se bar3hegA / dhyAnasampradAya ke loga jaba Is-ness kI bAta karate haiM, That-ness kI bAta karate haiM, ghaTanAoM ke hone kI svIkRti dete haiM, to isameM hameM mAnava ke bauddhika cintana aura sthiratA kA bhAsa hotA hai| rahasyavAdI kavi aura sUphI bhI hameM inhIM mArgoM kI ora AkRSTa karate haiM / dUsare zabdoM meM sukhI jIvana, zAnta jIvana aura vikasita jIvana dhyAna-sampradAya ke anusAra, jIvana kA bhautika vikAsa nahIM, varan abhautika vikAsa hai (abhautika kA artha, AdhyAtmika, mAnasika, sAdhanAmaya yA anya isI prakAra kI praNAliyAM ho sakatI haiN)| dhyAna-sampradAya sambandhI bahuta sArA sAhitya choTI-choTI AkhyAnoM athavA kahAniyoM ke dvArA samAja ke sAmane prastuta kiyA gayA hai| udAharaNa ke lie eka choTI sI kathA do aise sAdhuoM ke lie haiM jinheM pravAsa karane ke lie nadI ke kinAre eka sundara kanyA nadI pAra karane meM sahAyatA mAMgate hue dikhatI hai| donoM bhikSu eka-dUsare kI ora dekhate haiM aura acAnaka eka bhikSu usa kanyA ko uThA letA hai| nadI pAra kara jAte haiN| dUsarA bhikSu bahuta kruddha hai aura isI avasthA meM pravAsa karate-karate Azrama ke pAsa pahu~cate samaya dUsarA bhikSu pahale bhikSu se eka prazna karatA hai ki usa kanyA ko uThAte samaya tumheM kaisA anubhava huA thA, taba pahale bhikSu ne bahuta hI zAnta bhAva se kahA-bhaMte ! maiMne usa kanyA ko nadI pAra karane ke bAda vahIM chor3a diyA parantu tuma abhI taka use uThAye phirate ho| isI prakAra mAtsu nAmaka ziSya ne huIjAna nAmaka guru se pUchA-gurudeva ! dhyAna meM baiThane kA hetu kyA hai ? huIjAna ne bar3e hI zAnta svabhAva se uttara diyA-buddha bananA / huIjAna cupacApa uThA aura eka patthara ko ghisane lgaa| mAtsu ne apane guru se pUchA ki Apa kyA kara rahe haiM ? isa para huIjAna ne isa prakAra kahA, ki maiM isa patthara kA darpaNa banA rahA huuN| kabhI patthara bhI darpaNa banAyA jA sakatA hai ? aisI zaMkA vyakta kI gaI / guru ne uttara diyA ki yadi dhyAna meM baiThane se buddha banA jA sakatA hai to patthara ko darpaNa meM bhI rUpAntarita kiyA jA sakatA hai| ina donoM kathAoM meM jIvana ke do aise AyAma prastuta kiye gaye haiM jisase sahaja jIvana aura kRtrima jIvana kA eka svarUpa hameM dikhAyA gayA hai| yadi manovizleSaNAtmaka dRSTi se dekhA jAya to hameM aisA batAyA jAtA hai ki hameM kisI bhI kArya ko pratyakSa rUpa meM karanA aura usa karane kI kriyA kA kAlAntara meM cintana yA manana karanA, do alaga-alaga svatantra pakSa haiN| kabhI-kabhI to kisI kriyA ke karane ke bAda usa kriyA kA zarIra aura mana para zAyada utanA pariNAma na ho jitanA viparIta aura hAnikAraka pariNAma, usa kriyA ke cintana-manana se hone kI sambhAvanA hai| dhyAna-sampradAya ke anusAra sahaja jIvana kI ora saMketa milatA hai| kisI viziSTa samaya para ghaTI huI ghaTanAoM kA utanA prabhAva nahIM hotA jitanA una para dIrghakAlIna cintana-manana kA / usI prakAra prayatna kA ADambara aura prayatna kI bhAvanA kI ora saMketa kiyA gayA hai|
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________________ ca 12 zrI puSkaramuni abhinandana grantha : navama khaNDa huI jena ke jIvana se sambandhita eka kathA kA sArAMza, do choTI gAthAoM meM isa prakAra hai- "zarIra bodhi vRkSa ke samAna hai, aura mana svaccha darpaNa ke samAna; hara kSaNa hama unheM sAvadhAnI se sApha karate rahate haiM, tAki una para dhUla na jama jAya / " isa gAthA kA uttara isa prakAra diyA gayA hai "nahIM hai bodhivRkSa ke samAna zarIra, aura na kahIM camaka rahA hai svaccha darpaNa, tattvataH saba kucha zUnya hai, dhUla jamegI kahA~ ?" ina donoM gAthAoM meM eka tAttvika bheda ko vyAvahArika dRSTi se dikhAne kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai| sAmAjika jIvana meM hama bahuta hI yojanApUrvaka prayatnazIla jIvana kI AkAMkSA karate haiN| parantu sAmAjika ghaTanAe~ (yadi devI paristhitiyoM kA vicAra thor3I dera ke lie apane pakSa ke sambandha meM hI samajha liyA jAya to bhI) kabhI-kabhI hamAre siddhAntoM aura paristhitiyoM ke viparIta hotI haiM aura hama unase vicalita ho jAte haiM, aisI durghaTanAoM se bacane ke lie hama vibhinna prakAra ke kavaca taiyAra karate haiM, saMgaThana banA lete haiM aura anya surakSA ke sAdhana bhI khojate rahate haiM / sAdhAraNataH anubhava apane mana ke viruddha hI hotA hai / saMsAra eka aisI gati se jA rahA hai jisake niyantraNa ke bAre meM vicAra karate samaya buddhi ko apanI maryAdAe~ mAnanI par3atI haiM, tarka kAma nahIM karate aura hama siddhAntoM aura zabdoM kA Azraya DhUMDhate haiN| dhyAna sampradAya kI mAnyatA hai ki yadi hama apane astitva ko samAja para athavA prakRti ke nizcita krama para chor3a deM to hamArI tathAkathita vyAdhiyA~, mAnasika kleza aura isI prakAra ke anya duHkha, apane Apa vilIna ho jAte haiM / dUsare zabdoM meM ye siddhAnta jIvana kI eka nayI dRSTi dikhAne kA prayAsa karate haiM; jisameM sahaja jIvana jIne kI ora saMketa hai / eka anya udAharaNa meM huIjena ne kahA hai "jo ImAnadArI se saccAI ke mArga para calatA hai, vaha duniyA kI galatiyoM ko nahIM dekhatA / yadi hama dUsaroM ke doSa dekhate haiM, to hama svayaM bhI galata haiN| yadi dUsare puruSa galatI para haiM to usa para hameM dhyAna nahIM denA cAhie, kyoMki dUsaroM ke doSa dekhanA hamAre lie galata hai| doSa DhUMDhane kI Adata se pIchA chur3A kara hama apavitratA ke eka srota ko banda kara dete haiM, jaba na ghRNA aura na prema hamAre mana ko vikSubdha kara sakate haiM, to hama gaharI zAnti meM sote haiN|' hujena ne ina gAthAoM dvArA hameM yaha batAyA hai ki samAja meM hameM apanA pratibimba dikhatA hai / yadi hama acche haiM to loga hamAre sAtha acchA vyavahAra karate haiN| dUsare zabdoM meM hama logoM ko unake doSa dikhAkara athavA unakI nindA karake sudhAra nahIM sakate / vAstavikatA to yaha hai ki guNa aura doSa kA nirNaya karanA bhI bahuta kaThina hai| ye donoM zabda sApekSa artha rakhate haiM aura isalie yadi hama prApta paristhiti ko jisa svarUpa meM milatI hai, vaisA hI svIkAra kara leM to dhyAna sampradAya ke anusAra manovizleSaNAtmaka dRSTi se zarIra para hone vAle sUkSma prabhAvoM se hama baca sakate haiM / yahA~ para yahI abhiprAya hai ki jIvana ke Adarza nindA, AlocanA se pare haTakara vAstavikatA ko svIkAra kara lene meM hai / dhyAna - sAhitya meM bahuta sArI aisI choTI-choTI ghaTanAoM kA varNana hai jo dainika jIvana meM hone vAlI gatividhiyoM se sambandhita haiN| kisI sAdhaka ko kheta meM kAma karate samaya eka vizeSa prakAra kI ghaTanA se kucha bodha hotA hai| kisI ko kucha vizeSa prakAra kI AvAja se jJAna prApta ho jAtA hai| kisI samaya guru thappar3a mAra detA hai aura jJAna prApta ho jAtA hai| tarka-buddhi se pare aisI bahuta sArI ghaTanAoM se dhyAna-sAhitya kA bhaNDAra bharA par3A hai| jina ghaTanAoM kA prAcIna samaya meM logoM ne upayoga kiyA usakA prabhAva Aja kyoM nahIM ho pA rahA hai ? tatkAlIna sAmAjika
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________________ yoga: svarUpa aura sAdhanA 27 viSamatA kA varNana saukhiyAna ne bar3e hI sundara zabdoM meM kiyA hai - " Adhunika samaya meM mAnava ne dharma kI anubhUti ko bhulA diyA hai / kucha logoM ne dharma ko darzanazAstra kI kaThora tArkika zabdAvalI meM DhAlane kA prayatna kiyA hai / dhArmika vAtAvaraNa isa zailI meM prasthApita na hokara kucha naI cIja khar3I ho gayI hai / " unakA kahanA hai ki hama Ajakala AhAra ke svAda ke viSaya meM bar3e jAgarUka haiN| sabhI prakAra ke zArIrika sukhoM ke upalabdha hetu ke viSaya meM sadaiva prayatnazIla rahate haiM / kAvya aura sAhitya Adi ke rasAsvAdana kA bharapUra Ananda lenA cAhate haiN| vijJAna kI paribhASAe~ hama acchI taraha samajhate haiM aura nityaprati ghaTita hone vAlI ghaTanAoM ke bAre meM vizleSaNAtmaka carcA karate haiM / parantu jIvana kA prAkRtika svarUpa hama bhUla gaye haiN| apane svayaM ke svabhAva ko bhI hama bhUla gaye haiN| zarIra sukha se pare bhI kucha hai; isa bAta kA vicAra bhI hameM nahIM AtA aura jisa prema kI hama bAteM karate haiM vaha prema svArtha bhAvanA se bharA hotA hai, majabUriyoM se ghirA rahatA hai| dhyAna sampradAya ke anusAra dhArmikatA kA artha jIvana kI saMvedanazIlatA hai / saMvedanazIlatA kA artha jIvana aura samAja meM hone vAlI pratyeka ghaTanA ke prati eka sahaja aura nispRha dRSTikoNa hai / isameM zAbdika chala nahIM hai, tarkazAstra kA AdhAra bhI nahIM hai aura dArzanika bhrama bhI nahIM hai| jIvana eka sahaja gatividhi hai aura jIvana ko jIne ke lie kisI vizeSa ADambara kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| tIvra anubhUti, svatantra abhivyakti aura sabhI prakAra kI svIkRti hI jIvana kA bhAga hai| jIvana meM sabhI jagaha kriyAe~ haiM / kahIM bhI kisI prakAra kI pratikriyA usameM nahIM dikhatI / astitvavAdI jarmana dArzanika mArTina heDagarna dhyAna sampradAya sambandhI sAhitya ko dekhate hI astitvavAdI siddhAntoM kA samanvaya prApta karatA hai / manovizleSaNAtmaka vidvAna kArlayuMga erekakrAma aura kaoNrenahona bhI dhyAna sampradAya ke sAhitya meM eka prakAra kI aisI pravRtti kA AbhAsa pAte haiM jise ve vikasita kara rahe haiN| unake anusAra "svayaM ko pUrNarUpeNa samajhanA aura apane mana kI sarvaprakAra kI gatividhiyA~ sacetana svarUpa meM anubhava karanA bahuta Avazyaka hai / 18 13 saMkSepa meM vizva ke dArzanika jagata meM mAnava kI mUlyAtmaka samasyAoM ke bAre meM athavA jIvana mUlyoM kI dRSTi se jo vicAra kiyA gayA hai, usameM hama eka aisA saMketa pAte haiM ki jIvana bar3A hI sarala hai aura dRSTi spaSTa ho to sukhada bhI hai / parantu dArzanika hathakaMDoM meM manuSya kisa prakAra ulajha jAtA hai isakA anubhava hara usa vyakti ko hai jo zarIra se thor3A sA pare haTakara, draSTA ke rUpa meM svayaM ko dekha sakatA hai| kitane Azcarya kI bAta hai ki alagaalaga dArzanika pRSThabhUmi aura sAmAjika avasthA hone ke bAda bhI ina sabhI darzanoM meM hameM eka anUThA sAmya dikhatA hai / yaha sAmya eka mahatvapUrNa bAta kI ora iMgita karatA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM ina sAdhanA paddhatiyoM meM manuSya kI sahaja pravRttiyoM ko sAmane rakhakara hara prakAra ke ADambara se pare vicAra aura cintanayukta jIvana vyatIta karane ko kahA hai| isIlie jena dArzanika Quality of living kI bAta karate haiM Standard of living kI nahIM / Standard of living kA hameM pUrNa anubhava hai aura usakA koI anta nahIM / yaha bAta bhI hameM spaSTa rUpa se samajha meM A gayI hai / Quality of living kI ora aba hameM gaharAI se cintana karanA cAhie / dhyAna eka anucintana yoga kA AkarSaNa anAdi kAla se sAdhanA meM rata logoM ko rahA hai| prastuta nibandha meM dhyAna sambandhI kucha vicAra yoga kI AdhArabhUta mAnyatAoM ko sammukha rakhakara eka AyAma spaSTa karane kA hetu hai / yoga ke nAma se kucha pravAha bahuta hI prabala rUpa se pracalita hue / Asana aura dhyAna ye donoM pravAha samAna rUpa se dRSTigocara hote haiM / AsanoM kA vikAsa haThayoga ke sAhitya ke kAraNa bahuta hI vistRta rUpa se huA aura Adhunika zarIra zikSAzAstra ke vikAsa ke sAtha-sAtha to AsanoM ke vizeSajJa bhI taiyAra ho gaye / dhyAna kA bhI AkarSaNa svabhAvataH kucha kama nahIM hai / parantu prakriyA ke rUpa meM usakA vikAsa hameM upalabdha nahIM hai / aSTAMga yoga kI prakriyA meM dhyAna zabda kA krama sAtavA~ hai / dhyAna sambandhI sAhitya bahuta kama mAtrA meM upalabdha hai| pataMjali ke yogasUtroM meM dhyAna kA varNana eka sUtra meM hI kiyA gayA hai|" haThayoga ke sAhitya meM AsanoM ke varNana meM do prakAra ke AsanoM kA vargIkaraNa hai| usameM baiThakara ke kiye jAne vAle AsanoM ko dhyAna Asana ke nAma se sambodhita kiyA gayA hai| yoga paramparA meM kuNDalinIyoga nAma se eka pravAha bhI dhyAnayoga ke sAtha-sAtha sambandhita kiyA jAtA hai| dhyAna para vicAra karate samaya bahuta sAre prazna 00
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________________ . 14 zrI puSkaramuni abhinandana grantha : navama khaNDa upasthita hote haiM / pataMjali ne dhAraNA, dhyAna aura samAdhi tInoM ko eka sUtra meM saMyama ke nAma se sambodhita kiyA hai| saMyama zabda se pataMjali kA abhiprAya dhAraNA, dhyAna aura samAdhi ye tInoM abhipreta hai| bhASyakAroM ne saMyama kI paribhASA nahIM kI hai; parantu itanA hI kahakara ve zAnta raha gaye haiM ki saMyama tAntrikI viSaya hai / eka bAta to spaSTa hotI hai ki zAstrakAra aura bhASyakAra donoM hI isa viSaya ko pratipAdita karate samaya kucha ar3acana anubhava kara rahe haiM / ataeva nirdeza mAtra se hI unhoMne santoSa mAna liyA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM hama yaha bhI kaha sakate haiM ki anubhava ke viSaya kA varNana karate samaya bhASA yA zailI ke bheda ke kAraNa kucha bhrama hone kI sambhAvanA se sazaMka hokara hI dhyAna sambandhI varNana zAstroM meM nahIM milatA hai| saMkSepa meM dhyAna ko samajhane ke lie zAstrIya dRSTi se kama se kama dhAraNA ko bhI samajhanA bahuta Avazyaka hogA / aSTAMga yoga kI prakriyA meM dhAraNA kA krama chaThA hai| sAdhAraNa bolacAla kI bhASA meM bhI hama kabhI-kabhI dhAraNAdhyAna yA dhyAna-dhAraNA kI bAta karate haiM / jisa prakAra saMyama meM hama tIna aMgoM kA varNana karate haiM, sAdhAraNa bhASA meM loga do aMgoM kI bhASA bolate haiM / samAdhi ke bAre meM bolate samaya loga kucha Dara aura saMkoca kA anubhava karate haiM / dhyAna zabda vaidika sAhitya ke atirikta anyatra bhI prayukta hai / Adhunika yuga meM jApAna meM jena (zen) pravAha kA AdhAra bhI loga dhyAna se jor3ane kA prayAsa karate haiM / AcArya hemacandra ke yogazAstra ke anusAra dhyAna eka pradIrgha prakriyA hai aura unhoMne bahuta hI spaSTa rUpa ke sAtha isa prakriyA kA vizleSaNa sAtaveM aura AThaveM "prakAzoM" meM kiyA hai| isakA bahuta sArA sambandha mantrazAstra ke sAtha aura haThayoga ke anusAra cakroM kI kalpanA ke sAtha milatA-julatA hai| jaisA ki Upara nirdeza kiyA gayA hai, kAlAMtara meM kuNDalinIyoga bhI svayaM meM yadyapi eka zAstra banA tathApi usakA AdhAra dhAraNA aura dhyAna hI rhaa| yoga-mArga kI ora AkRSTa hone vAle vyakti kI dhyAna kI ora pravRtti honA eka svAbhAvika krama mAnA jaayegaa| aura isa krama kA abhiprAya yaha bhI hogA ki dhAraNA, dhyAna Adi ke pUrva aMgoM para sAdhaka kA apanI AvazyakatA aura yogyatAnusAra adhikAra abhipreta hai| pataMjali dhyAna kI vyAkhyA karate samaya eka hI pratyaya ko sadA bane rahane kI bAta kahate haiM / 'ekatAnatA' zabda kA vyakti ke jIvana ke sAtha-sAtha usakI vaicArika paripakvatA para bhI bar3A prabhAva par3A hai / 'pratyaya' zabda ke AdhAra para eka vistRta zAstra nirmita huA aura dhyAna ke nAma se bhinna-bhinna pravAha cala par3e / yadi dhyAna sambandhI pravAha yA sampradAya mAnya na ho to bhI dhyAna ke bahuta se Alambana pracalita ho gaye / mantra-pUjA, mUrti-pUjA aura cakroM kI upAsanA isa eka 'pratyaya' zabda ke dvArA vikasita huI hai (vikRta huI hai)| AcArya hemacandra ne bar3e vistRta rUpa se isakA varNana kiyA hai| haThayoga meM bhI isakA bar3A vistRta rUpa upalabdha hai| yoga ke granthoM meM sthUladhyAna, jyotirdhyAna aura sUkSmadhyAna kA vivecana hai| yoga taittarIyopaniSad meM bAraha dhAraNA milakara eka dhyAna banatA hai| usI prakAra dhyAna ke nau sthAna bhI mAnya kiye gaye haiN| Adhunika yuga meM jo prAcIna 'vipazyanA sAdhanA' phira se prayoga meM A rahI hai usakA bhI sambandha apane zvAsa kA dhyAna kendrita karanA hai aura isa dhyAna sAdhanA kA sambandha kucha logoM ne roga-nivAraNa ke sAtha bhI jor3a diyA hai| sUphI logoM ne bhI daraveza nRtya ke nAma se dhyAna ke prayoga pracalita kiye haiN| isa samaya pUre vizva meM carcA, TIkA aura utsukatA kA viSaya 'TrAnsenDeNTala meDiTezana" hai| dina meM do bAra kisI eka nizcita samaya kisI eka nizcita mantra para dhyAna karane ke lie logoM ko preraNA dI gayI hai| isa sambandha meM vistRta rUpa se jo pratikriyAe~ logoM ne vyakta kI haiM usase eka bAta to bilakula spaSTa ho gayI hai ki isa prakriyA kA zarIra para kucha prabhAva ho rahA hai aura isa prabhAva ko jAnane ke lie saMgaThanAtmaka rUpa meM prayogazAlAoM meM pariNAmoM kI jAMca kI jA rahI hai aura logoM kA vizvAsa hai ki ye pariNAma AzAdAyaka aura utsAhavardhaka haiN| bhArata meM kucha anya loga bhI apane-apane rUpa meM dhyAna kA prasAra kara rahe haiM aura isa pracAra kA sabase bar3A pramANa logoM kA dhyAna kI ora AkRSTa honA hai| kucha choTe-choTe prazna dhyAna ke sambandha meM aneka bAra prastuta kiye jAte haiM aura viziSTa rUpa se uttara na milane ke kAraNa svAbhAvika rUpa se bhrama paidA hote haiN| udAharaNArtha, dhyAna karane kA pAtra kauna hai ? kaba dhyAna karanA cAhie ? sthAna kaisA ho ? samaya kitanA lagAnA cAhie ? dhyAna kisa para karanA cAhie (mantra, cakra, iSTadevatA, zvAsa-prazvAsa, zUnya, sahaja ityAdi)? dhyAna sIkhA jA sakatA hai kyA ? guru kI AvazyakatA hai kyA? galata dhyAna se aniSTa hone kI sambhAvanA hai kyA ? dhyAna kA kisI vizeSa dharma ke sAtha sambandha hai kyA? ityAdi aneka choTe-choTe prazna sAdhakoM ke mana meM prAya: upasthita rahate haiM aura anuttarita bhI rahate haiN|
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________________ yoga : svarUpa aura sAdhanA 15 yogazAstra ke anusAra kaSAyoM se mukti dhyAtA ke lie eka Avazyaka yogyatA batAyI gayI hai| usI prakAra vAyu kI bhA~ti nisaMga-avasthA dhyAna ke lie bahuta Avazyaka batAyI gayI hai| yogasUtroM ke bhASyakAra cittavRtti kI ekAgratA ko dhyeya meM rakhakara dhyAna karane ke lie prerita karate haiN| haThayoga meM spaSTa rUpa se prANa nirodha kA saMketa kiyA gayA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM jaba taka pavana-vijaya yA prANa-nirodha nahIM hotA taba taka cittavRttiyoM para niyantraNa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / haThayoga kI prakriyA eka nizcita dRSTikoNa ko lekara vikasita kI gayI hai aura yadyapi haThayoga kI sabhI mAnyatAe~ samAja ke sabhI stara ke logoM ko mAnya na hoM to bhI kucha niSkarSa mananIya haiM aura hamArI yaha mAnyatA hai ki koI bhI mata yA liMga yA dharma inheM svIkAra karane ke lie koI bAdhA upasthita nahIM kregaa| hetudvayaM tu cittasya vAsanA ca samIraNaH / tayovinaSTa ekasmistau dvAvapi vinazyataH // 22 // mano yatra vilIyeta pavanastatra lIyate / pavano lIyate yatra manastatra vilIyate // 23 // manaHsthairyesthiro vAyustato binduH sthiro bhavet / bindusthairyAtsadA sattvaM piNDasthairya prajAyate // 28 // indriyANAM mano nAtho manonAthastu mArutaH / mArutasya layo nAthaH sa layo nAvamAzritaH // 26 // ina zlokoM meM prANazakti ke niyantraNa kI ora saMketa hai| zvAsa kI gati kA hamAre bhAvanAtmaka aura saMvegAtmaka jIvana ke sAtha sambandha hai / prasanna avasthA, krodha, du:kha Adi ke samaya sabase pahale pariNAma zvasana-prakriyA para dIkhatA hai| Adhunika yuga meM jo tanAvapUrNa jIvana kA varNana kiyA jAtA hai usakA vivaraNa zvAsa-gati ke sAtha hai| yoga meM jisa saMyama kA varNana kiyA jAtA hai usakA Arambha yama, niyama se hotA hai aura yadi yama, niyama jIvana meM AsthA lA sakeM to jIvana kI bahuta-sI kaThinAiyA~ Ane se pahale hI vilIna ho sakatI haiM, aura kucha bacI-khucI prakriyAe~ Asana-prANAyAma Adi ke sAtha samanvayAtmaka rUpa meM eka sthira jIvana prasthApita kareMgI jisakA lakSya pratyaya-ekatAnatA hI hogaa| usI jIvana meM lakSya hogA aura vahI jIvana saphala hogA aura vahI saphala jIvana apanI saphalatA ke pariNAmasvarUpa dUsaroM ke mArga prazasta kara sakegA kyoMki usakA jIvana eka daDha naitika AdhAra para khar3A rhegaa| ataH dhyAna kI prakriyA eka jaMjIra meM gaMthI haI prakriyA hai aura usa jaMjIra se use alaga karanA yA dekhanA 'dhyAna' aura 'svayaM' donoM para anyAya hogaa| kevala vyAvahArika suvidhA ke lie hI ye vicAra yahA~ vyakta kiye jA rahe haiN| dhyAna kI saccI bhAvanA ke anusAra dhyAna kA prayoga karanA cAhie / cintana, manana aura lekhana usakA eka aMga hai aura eka maryAdita aMza taka hI usakA lAbha ho skegaa| hamArI dhAraNA yaha bhI hai ki eka nizcita kramagata jIvana ke bAda dhyAna karanA nahIM par3egA, dhyAna ho jaayegaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke jIvana meM kucha usa prakAra kI ghaTanAoM kA varNana milatA hai, jahA~ ve kisI eka vizeSa avasthA meM sahaja svarUpa meM dIkhate haiN| usa avasthA ko dikhAne ke lie unheM kucha prayatna nahIM karanA par3atA thaa| parantu isa carama avasthA ke pIche unakI sudIrgha sAdhanA thI aura yaha avasthA usakA pariNAma thii| isI prakAra kA varNana gautamabuddha aura Adhunika yuga taka ke isa mArga kI ora AkRSTa aneka santoM ke jIvana meM upalabdha hai| hamArA abhiprAya isa prakriyA kI ora saMketa karanA hai ki dhyAna eka avasthA hai aura vaha hotI hai, lAyI nahIM jA sakatI / sambhavataH isIlie zAstrakAroM ne isa viSaya meM bahuta kama likhanA pasanda kiyaa| anubhUtiyoM ko zabdoM meM bA~dhane ke bAda arthagata kaThinAiyoM se bacane kA hetu spaSTa parilakSita hotA hai| sAtha hI jinakI isa viSaya kI ora ruci hai, unheM prayatna karane kI preraNA bhI hai| kyA dhyAna ko samAja ke sarvasAdhAraNa stara taka lA sakate haiM ? aura kyA yaha sarvasAdhAraNa ke lie sarala aura upayukta prakriyA hai ? uttara bahuta sIdhA aura sarala hai| samAja meM rahane vAle aise loga jo gambhIratA ke sAtha apane jIvana ke bAre meM vicAra karate haiM, jIvana kA hita-ahita jinheM abhipreta hai aura adhikAra va kartavya, svArtha aura parArtha, nIti-anIti ke viSaya meM yadi pUrNa nahIM to kucha vicAra karate haiM, unheM yaha mArga avazya upayogI aura pariNAmakAraka siddha hogaa| thor3I dera ke lie zAstroM kA AdhAra na lete hue jIvana kI gatividhiyoM ke sambandha meM yadi hama vicAra
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________________ . 16 zrI puSkaramuni abhinandana grantha : navama khaNDa kara sakeM to hameM aisA anubhava AyegA ki hara vyakti kucha na kucha vicAra avazya karatA hai| isa Avazyaka svarUpa kI dhyAna prakriyA avazya mArgadarzaka ho sakatI hai| manovijJAna ke Adhunika rUpa meM zarIra kI vyAdhiyoM kA sambandha mana ke sAtha jor3A jA rahA hai aura mana kA sambandha vyakti-svAtantrya ke sAtha / dUsare zabdoM meM hara vyakti ke Upara svayaM eka bahuta bar3A uttaradAyitva A khar3A hotA hai aura isa uttaradAyitva se nipaTane ke lie svayaM ke jIvana kI spaSTa kalpanA bahuta Avazyaka hai| jIvana kI spaSTa kalpanA Ane ke lie jIvana kA citra jaba taka spaSTa rUpa se sAmane na hogA yaza-apayaza kI bAta asambhava hai, aura jIvana kA spaSTa uddezya jaba taka mana zAnta na hogA, saMkalpanA zakti kucha kAma na kregii| hama roja mana-zAMti ke upAya logoM se sunate haiN| mana-zAMti ke lie prAcIna samaya meM loga ekAnta guphAoM kI khoja meM bhAgate the / Adhunika yuga meM apane gharoM ko loga vAtAnukUlita aura dhvani-niyantrita karAne kA prayatna karate haiN| isake atirikta anya upakaraNa, sugandha, saMgIta Adi ke rUpa meM bhI pracalita haiM aura logoM ko unakA AkarSaNa bhI hai| parantu ye sabhI bAharI upakaraNa eka maryAdA taka hI upayogI haiN| mahatvapUrNa vAtAvaraNa aura paristhiti sAdhanA karane vAle ko svayaM DhUMr3ha lAnI hogii| ataH hamArI yaha dhAraNA hai ki dhyAna karane kI jagaha, samaya, mantra, guru Adi nizcita rUpa se upayogI haiM / parantu dhyAtA sarvopari mahatvapUrNa aMga hai aura dhyAna karane vAle ke zarIra aura kArya para usakA pariNAma avazya honA hI caahie| abhiprAya yaha hai ki jisa manaHzAMti kI bAta yA AkAMkSA loga karate haiM usakI AkAMkSA dhyAna dvArA hI tIvra hogii| dhyAna dvArA hI hamAre zarIra kI saMvedanazIlatA bar3hegI aura saMvedanazIlatA ke sAtha-sAtha sahanazIlatA bhii| dhyAna, kisI bhI samaya zarIra ko kisI bhI nizcala avasthA meM apanI icchAnusAra eka maryAdA taka sthira rakhanA hogaa| sambhavataH paramparAoM se ba~dhe hue logoM ko dhyAna kI yaha paribhASA rucikara na lage parantu paramparAeM aura suvidhA samanvayAtmaka rUpa meM yadi sAdhaka ke jIvana meM kucha suvidhAe~ aura pragati de sake to paramparAeM thor3I dera ke lie sthagita karane meM koI harja nhiiN| koI eka vaijJAnika prayogazAlA meM do-tIna ghaNTe ekAgracitta hokara yadi koI prayoga kara rahA hai aura TA~ga TUTa jAne ke kAraNa bistare para par3A huA koI rogI yadi eka-do ghaNTe nizcala rUpa meM eka vicAra ko pakar3akara leTA raha sakatA hai aura sar3aka para bhIr3a meM gAr3I calAne vAlA durghaTanA kiye binA saphala rUpa se vAhana calAne vAlA aura usI prakAra ke anya udAharaNoM meM jIvana meM rasa lene vAlA vyakti dhyAtA kyoM nahIM ho sakatA ? dhyAna karane ke lie yA dhyAna kI avasthA lAne ke lie padmAsana yA anya Asana yadi kiyA to koI harja nahIM, parantu jise padmAsana karanA nahIM AtA vaha dhyAna nahIM kara sakatA, yaha abhiprAya hama nahIM de sakeMge / kyoMki aisI sambhAvanA hai ki padmAsana karane vAlA zAyada apane paira yA kamara kI ora hI adhika dhyAna degA aura isalie yadi zarIra hI sukha-avasthA meM na huA to zarIra ke Age dhyAtA kahA~ jAyegA? hamArA to abhiprAya yaha bhI hai ki leTakara bhI dhyAna kiyA jA skegaa| lakSya itanA hI rakhanA hogA ki dhyAtA dhyAna meM pahuMcanA cAhatA hai athavA sonA cAhatA hai| abhiprAya, dhyAna kI yadi koI avasthA hai to usakA pUrNarUpeNa Ananda anubhUti kI zakti aura sAmarthya ekAgratA ke rUpa meM ekatrita ho sakanI cAhie / ataeva hameM yahA~ do siddhAntoM kA prasthApita honA dRSTigata hotA hai| sarvaprathama aSTAMga yoga kI prakriyA meM dhyAna kA jo krama hai usa krama kI bhAvanA zArIrika aura mAnasika dRSTi se paripakvatA hai| isake anusAra zarIra ko niyantrita karane vAle prANa kA niyamana abhipreta hai aura sAtha hI dhyAna kI ora mana kI taiyArI eka spaSTa aura nizcita krama hai / ataeva pahalA dRSTikoNa paramparAgata praNAlI meM hI mAnya hokara svIkRta hogaa| dUsarA AyAma usa vidhi kI ora saMketa hai jisake anusAra hama dhyAtA ko usakI suvidhAnusAra dhyAna karane kA svAtantrya de rahe haiN| Adhunika yuga kI manovaijJAnika khoja ke sAtha hama isa nirNaya para to avazya hI Ate haiM ki yadi dhyAna Adi kisI prakriyA kA prayoga karanA hai to zarIra meM kisI prakAra kA saMvegAtmaka tanAva nahIM honA caahie| kyoMki saMvegAtmaka tanAva kA sabase pahalA prabhAva zvasana prakriyA para hI hotA hai / usI prakAra kabhI-kabhI atyanta advigna avasthA meM bhI zvAsa kI gati kama hotI huI pAyI gayI hai jise (Depression) kI avasthA ke nAma se sambodhita kiyA jAtA hai| yaha dhyAna nahIM hai, yadyapi zvAsa kI gati kama hai / abhiprAya zvAsa kI gati ko hetupUrvaka niyantraNa meM lAnA hai aura hetapUrvaka niyantraNa meM lAyI gayI zvasana prakriyA ke pariNAmasvarUpa zarIra meM prasthApita huI avasthA dhyAna khlaayegii| isa avasthA meM hama zarIra kI zaktiyA~ kucha bhI vyaya nahIM kara rahe haiM varan jaba kabhI bhI dhyAna kI tathAkathita avasthA samApta hogI taba eka abhUtapUrva utsAha, Ananda aura tAjagI kA anubhava hogA / yadi thakAna kA anubhava hotA hai to vaha dhyAna nahIM hogA kintu usakA citra liyA jA skegaa| logoM ko prabhAvita karane ke lie usakA varNana dhyAna ke rUpa * O
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________________ yoga : svarUpa aura sAdhanA 17 . O o meM loga avazya kara deMge / parantu isa prakriyA meM bahuta sArI zakti kA apavyaya ho cukA hogA aura kAlAntara meM isase aruci hone kI sambhAvanA bahuta adhika mAtrA meM hai| prArambha meM hamane pataMjali kA ullekha kiyA hai / AsanoM kA varNana pataMjali ne "ananta samApatti" kahA hai| isakA artha aisI avasthA ke sAtha kiyA gayA hai jahA~ "prayatna" kA kAma samApta ho gayA hai| kriyA ho rahI hai, kI nahIM jA rahI hai| kriyA karane meM zakti kA upayoga karanA par3atA hai parantu hone meM svAbhAvika rUpa se kriyA hotI hai / haThayoga meM bhI eka aisI avasthA kA varNana hai jahA~ para citta vizrAnti kA varNana hai / sambhavataH unakA bhI hetu zarIra kI aisI avasthA ko prApta karanA hai jisameM zarIra ke Upara kisI prakAra kA tanAva yA bojhA na rhe| prasiddha jaina grantha tattvAnuzAsana meM bahuta hI vistRta rUpa se dhyAna kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| pUre grantha kA saMkSepa meM varNana isa prakAra hogA ki dhyAtA sabhI prakAra ke saMyama aura vidhi-niSedha svayaM nizcita kare aura usake prApta phaloM ko bhogane ke lie saba prakAra kI taiyArI usakI svayaM kI honI caahie| pUre grantha meM vistRta rUpa se isakA varNana kiyA gayA hai| eka anya prasiddha jaina grantha jJAnArNava ke anusAra dhyAna aura saMyama eka-dUsare ke AdhAra batAye gaye haiN| dhyAna kA varNana bahuta hI vistRta rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai| parantu mahatvapUrNa siddhAnta isa bAta para AdhArita hai ki jisakA zarIra para aniSTa pariNAma ho usa vAtAvaraNa meM nahIM rahanA caahie| [sarga 26 aura 27] isI grantha meM antima sargoM meM bahuta hI vistAra ke sAtha dhyAna ke svarUpa aura phala kA varNana kiyA gayA hai jisakA saMkSipta varNana usI grantha ke AdhAra para bhinna-bhinna pariNAmoM ke rUpa meM vahA~ para varNita hai| dhyAna sambandhI vistRta vizleSaNa kA kAraNa dhArmika cintana karane vAle sAdhakoM kI suvidhA ke lie eka nizcita mArga pradarzita karane kA hetu hai / Arambha meM hI dhyAna ke sAtha dharma kA bhI ullekha citta ko sthira karane ke lie vizeSa ullekhanIya hai aura dhyAna kI ora pravRtta sAdhakoM ko karma-vipAka se mukti prApta karane kA AzvAsana bhI AcAryoM ne de diyA hai / / isa nibandha meM bhAratIya paramparA kA dhyAna sambandhI eka saMkSipta vizleSaNa samanvayAtmaka rUpa meM karane kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai| prAcIna zAstrIya siddhAnta aura Adhunika manovaijJAnika prayogoM kA ullekha karane kA hetu itanA hI hai ki vicArazIla manuSya ke lie dhyAna eka upayogI prakriyA hai| zAstrIya AdhAra se jarA pare haTakara hama yaha kahane kA dussAhasa karate haiM ki jinakI ruci yA bhAvanA dhyAna meM praviSTa hone kI hotI ho unheM paramparAoM kA Dara nahIM honA cAhie / vAstava meM jarA se gahare cintana se hameM yaha lakSita hogA ki dhyAna-prakriyA ko ora jAte hue hama kisI mata, siddhAnta yA dharma kA khaNDana nahIM kara rahe haiN| dhyAna-prakriyA kA dharma, mata yA siddhAnta ke sAtha sambhavataH koI bhI saiddhAntika bheda nahIM hogaa| sAdhanA-mArga kI ora calane vAle sAdhaka kI yaha eka svAbhAvika avasthA hai| sAdhanAoM kA svarUpa asAmpradAyika hai, usI prakAra dhyAna kA svarUpa bhI asAmpradAyika hai| yadi zvAsa-prazvAsa kI prakriyA para hama dhyAna kara sakate haiM, aura usameM hameM Atmika Ananda kI anubhUti hotI hai to isa prakAra ke dhyAna meM sabhI dharmoM ke loga ekatra baiTha sakate haiN| usI prakAra kuNDalinIyoga kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| bhinna-bhinna cakroM kA varNana bar3e hI mArmika rUpa meM haThayoga aura tAMtrika sAhitya meM upalabdha hai| apanI-apanI AvazyakatAnusAra dhyAna kA kendra cunA jA sakatA hai aura avadhi bhI nizcita kI jA sakatI hai| ina sabhI prayogoM meM bhI koI dhArmika bhAvanA ar3acana utpanna nahIM krtii| mahatvapUrNa prazna, zaMkAe~ isa rUpa meM AyeMgI ki kyA hama dhyAna dvArA svayaM ko sammohita to nahIM kara rahe haiM athavA svayaM ko kisI eka vizeSa prakAra kI Adata (conditioning) kA zikAra to nahIM banA rahe haiM ? vastutaH isa prakAra kI zaMkAoM kA Adhunika yuga meM sandehamaya bAtAvaraNa ke kAraNa uThanA svAbhAvika hai| parantu yadi sacamuca meM mAnava vyathita yA duHkhI hai aura use svayaM hI apane dvArA eka mArga milatA huA dIkhatA hai to isameM Apatti hone kA koI kAraNa nahIM honA cAhie / isakA artha yaha nahIM hai ki hama sammohana Adi kA pratipAdana kara rahe haiM / na hI kisI vizeSa prakAra kI Adata kA zikAra hameM mAnava ko banAnA hai| parantu usakI saMvedanazIlatA kA vikAsa karanA bahuta Avazyaka hai aura dhyAna kI avasthA meM jaba zarIra kA bahuta sArA kAryakalApa sthagita ho jAyegA to zarIra ko saMvedanazIlatA svAbhAvika rUpa meM bar3hane lgegii| Adhunika yuga meM bhArata meM aura videzoM meM bhI isa sambandha meM bar3e vyApaka rUpa para prayoga aura anveSaNa kiye jA rahe haiN| aisA bhI dekhane meM AyA hai ki logoM kI ruci isa ora bar3ha rahI hai| aba prazna yaha hogA ki dhyAna ko eka vaijJAnika rUpa diyA jAya yA sahaja avasthA meM hI rahane diyA jaay| yaha Ane vAlA samaya btaayegaa| . ***
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________________ 18 zrI puSkaramuni abhinandana grantha : navama khaNDa Asana prayoga vidhi eka cintana bhAratIya saMskRti meM yoga-paramparA kA eka viziSTa sthAna hai / AdhyAtmika abhyAsa mArga meM zarIra ko eka viziSTa avasthA kI AvazyakatA hotI hai aura sambhavata: isIlie prAcIna kAla meM adhyAtma mArgI sAdhakoM ne zarIra para niyantraNa prApta karane ke kucha sAdhana khoja nikAle the / sthUla rUpa se dikhAyI dene vAlA zarIra aura usa zarIra para niya ntraNa karane vAlI zaktiyA~ (prANa, mana, kuNDalinI, AtmA ityAdi) apane niyantraNa meM hoM, aisI sabakI icchA rahatI hai / isa niyantraNa ne hI yoga paramparA meM Asana kA mahatva prasthApita kiyA hai| ye Asana vibhinna svarUpa ke haiM / kAlAntara meM inakI saMkhyA, samaya, maryAdA, adhikArI Adi ke viSaya meM matabheda uTha khar3e hue aura ina matabhedoM ne yoga meM bhinna-bhinna paramparAe~ khar3I kara diiN| kahIM-kahIM to yaha matabheda kevala zAbdika pratIta hotA hai / parantu manovaijJAnika dRSTi se, yadi manuSya svabhAva kI vividhatA ko mAna liyA jAya to vividha mArga svIkAra karane meM hameM kaThinAI nahIM honI caahie| Asana karane se zarIra para dRzya aura kucha adRzya rUpa meM prabhAva par3ate haiM / yaha varNana bhI yoga sambandhI pustakoM meM vistAra se pAyA jAtA hai| AsanoM kI saMkhyA ke sambandha meM aura AsanoM kI vidhi ke viSaya meM 'yoga' ke antargata sabase jyAdA sAhitya upalabdha hai / 7 yoga - sAhitya meM pramukha rUpa se do prakAra kI paramparAoM kA sAhitya upalabdha hai / pataMjali ke 'yogasUtra' kI eka paramparA hai to dUsarI paramparA ke sAhitya ke rUpa meM, haThayoga pradIpikA, gheraNDa saMhitA siMha saMhitA, yoga yAjJavalkya saMhitA, bhakti sAgara aura kucha yoga upaniSad hameM yoga ke sambandha meM vistRta bhUmikA upalabdha karAne meM sahAyaka hote haiM / (yoga upaniSadoM meM mukhya rUpa se zANDilya upaniSad, yoga kuNDalinI upaniSad, darzana upaniSad, trizikhI brAhmaNa upaniSad ityAdi kA ullekha hai) ina sabhI granthoM meM (patajali ke atirikta) bhinna-bhinna AsanoM kA varNana hai aura Asana karane kI vidhi aura unase hone vAle lAbha Adi kA vizleSaNa hai / sarvaprathama hama pataJjali ke mata kA vivecana kreNge| yoga sUtroM meM aSTAMga yoga kA vivecana karate samaya Asana kI paribhASA pataJjali ne 'sthirasukhamAsanam' (2-46 ) kI hai / Age ke do sUtroM meM pataJjali ne AsanoM se hone vAle lAbhoM ko batAne kA prayatna kiyA hai| AsanoM se hone vAle lAbha eka vyaktigata anubhUti kA viSaya haiM aura jaisA ki hamane Upara nirdiSTa kiyA hai, ye anubhUtiyA~ svAbhAvika rUpa se vyaktigata hI hoNgii| usake viSaya meM vaijJAnika saMzodhana kI AvazyakatA hai / mukhya viSaya sthirasukha kahA hai aura sthirasukha kI paribhASA karanA bar3A kaThina hai / para sthirasukha kA anubhava lene meM koI ar3acana nahIM hai / pataJjali ke Upara bhASya likhane vAle vyAsa, vAcaspati aura bhoja isa viSaya para mauna haiN| sambhavataH sthirasukha kI vyAkhyA karanA ye anAvazyaka samajhate rahe hoMge athavA sthirasukha kI kalpanA logoM ke sAmane rakhane meM unheM kucha kaThinAI rahI hogI / vijJAna bhikSuoM ne 'nizcala' aura 'sukhakara' zabdoM kA upayoga kiyA hai parantu ina zabdoM se bhI viSaya kucha spaSTa nahIM hotA / anya sabhI bhASyakAroM ne AsanoM kI saMkhyA ginAkara hI santoSa prApta kara liyA hai / pataJjali kI paramparA ko sAmane rakhate hue aSTAMga yoga ko eka mahatvapUrNa sthAna dene ke pazcAt Asana sambandhI itane kama sUtra upalabdha haiM ki una sUtroM ke manamAne artha lagAne kI suvidhA yA matabheda utpanna karane kI paristhiti, icchA na hote hue bhI nirmANa ho jAtI hai| sambhavataH pataJjali kI bhUmikA ko dekhate hue aura mana kA svabhAva, zarIra kI avasthA aura paristhiti ke anusAra, hama jo cAhe artha lagAleM; isa taraha kI bahuta bar3I suvidhA hameM ina choTe sUtroM meM upalabdha hai| sthirasukha prApta karane ke lie mArga kA nirdezana karate hue, usase prApta hone vAle phala kA nirdeza eka sUkSma tathA gahana manovaijJAnika suvidhA hai| isameM pataJjali ke dvArA citrita mAnava svabhAva kI vividhatA kI mAnyatA hameM dikhAyI detI hai / 1 AsanoM kI dRSTi se yadi hama pataJjali ke yogasUtroM ko adhika suvidhAjanaka na samajhe to hameM haThayoga ke granthoM kA sahArA lenA par3atA hai| ina granthoM ( haThayoga pradIpikA Adi) meM vistRta va suspaSTa mArga-darzana upalabdha hai / haThayoga pradIpikA ke pahale adhyAya ke 17veM zloka meM AsanoM kA varNana bhI hai aura unase hone vAle lAbhoM kA saMketa bhI kiyA gayA hai
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________________ yoga : svarUpa aura sAdhanA "haThasya prathamAMgatvAdasanaM pUrvamucyate / kuryAttavAsanaM sthairyamArogyam cAMgalAghavam // " haThayoga pradIpikA ke anusAra yama-niyama kA bhI ullekha hai, tathApi Asana ko hI unhoMne prathama aMga mAnA hai / Asana karane se sthairya prApta hotA hai / zarIra sundara aura nirogI ho jAtA hai| haThayoga pradIpikA ke TIkAkAra brahmAnanda kahate haiM ki "Asana karane se zarIra ko sthiratA prApta hotI hai aura mana kI caMcalatA ke Upara bhI niyantraNa A jAtA hai|" "Asanena rajohaMti" yahA~ para thor3A sA rajoguNa aura tamoguNa kA sandarbha bhI prApta hai| brahmAnanda ne pataJjali kA eka sUtra bhI nirdiSTa kiyA hai| AsanoM kA varNana karate samaya vibhinna prakAra ke Asana batAye gaye haiM aura unase hone vAle lAbha aura karane kI vidhiyA~ vistArapUrvaka haThayoga ke ina granthoM meM nirdiSTa haiN| AsanoM kA varNana karate samaya haThayoga pradIpikA meM prathama adhyAya ke battIsaveM zloka meM kahA hai ki zava Asana karane se thakAna naSTa hotI hai aura citta ko vizrAnti milatI hai| prAcIna bhASA-zailI ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue hameM aisA anubhava hotA hai ki zarIra kI vizrAMti samajha sakanA bahuta AsAna hai parantu citta vizrAMti eka samasyA hai| citta-vizrAMti kI carcA karane se pahale citta ke sambandha meM jaba taka paribhASA nizcita na ho taba taka vyAkhyA denA kahA~ taka ucita hogA, isa prazna kA nirNaya karanA bhI Avazyaka hai / pataJjali kA yogazAstra citta, mana, buddhi Adi zabdoM kA upayoga karatA hai, parantu haThayoga meM ina zabdoM kA upayoga vicArapUrvaka nahIM kiyA gayA hai, aisI zaMkA svAbhAvika rUpa se prastuta hotI hai| Asana karane se viSa bhI paca jAtA hai, zarIra meM saba prakAra kI vyAdhiyA~ apane Apa naSTa ho jAtI haiM / Adhunika vaijJAnika zodhoM dvArA kucha logoM ne eka naye vaicArika AyAma ko prastuta kiyA hai| jisake anusAra 'yaugika-cikitsA' nAma kI nayI paddhati samAja ke sAmane lAne kA prayatna kiyA jA rahA hai| ___ sthUla rUpa se yadi dekhA jAya to aSTAMga yoga meM yA haThayoga ke kucha granthoM ke anusAra SaDAMga yoga meM AsanoM ko sabase adhika mahatva isalie prApta ho gayA hai ki hama Asana karate haiM yA Asana kiye jA sakate haiM, aisI prakriyA hameM dikhatI hai| isI Asana karane kI prakriyA ne Asana karane vAle ko yogI, yogAbhyAsI, yogAcArya Adi banA diyA hai aura jahA~ Asana sikhAye jAte haiM ve yogAzrama bana gaye haiM / 41 ina AcAryoM ne apanI-apanI nayI paramparAe~ prasthApita karanA Arambha kara diyA hai| isa naye mor3a ne, yoga ke nAma para, eka vyApArika-vRtti kI jhalaka dikhAnA Arambha kiyA hai / zodhakartAoM aura jijJAsuoM ko sAvadhAnI kI AvazyakatA hai| isase isa bAta kA bhI nirdeza hotA hai ki hameM yoga paramparA to mAnya hai, para isa paramparA se sambandhita upalabdha sAhitya para svataH cintana-manana karane kI pravRtti nahIM hai, yA pAtratA nahIM hai| yadi paramparA TikAye rakhanI hai to paramparA kA sahI rUpa bhI sAmane rakhanA hogA, yahI yuga kA AhvAna hai / haThayoga pradIpikA meM siddhAsana ko sabase adhika mahatva diyA gayA hai|4 ina zlokoM meM yaha pratipAdita karane kA prayatna kiyA hai ki siddhAsana dvArA hI saba prakAra ke mala-zodhana aura abhyAsa prApta hote haiN| eka sthAna para to yahA~ taka kahA hai ki siddhAsana ke samAna koI dUsarA Asana hI nahIM hai| yaha isa bAta kI ora saMketa karatA hai ki AsanoM kI saMkhyA ke bAre meM granthakAra vicArazIla the / kucha logoM ne AsanoM ke do prakAra hI batAye haiN| inake anusAra cAra baiThakara aura zeSa khar3e hokara, peTa ke bala evaM pITha ke bala kiye jAte haiN| eka Asana sira ke bala khar3e hokara bhI kiyA jAtA hai / yadyapi aisA AbhAsa hotA hai ki prAcIna granthoM meM AsanoM kA vargIkaraNa kiyA gayA thA aura kucha logoM ne vargIkaraNa ke AdhAra para sAhitya likhA ho, tathApi yaha vargIkaraNa kRtrima jJAta hotA hai| kyoMki yogakuNDalI upaniSad meM do AsanoM ke hI do prakAra batAye gaye haiN| upaniSadkAra ne padmAsana aura vajAsana ina do AsanoM ke dvArA hI yoga-sAdhanA kI pUrNatA mAnI hai jabaki 'ziva saMhitA' meM kahA hai ki kula caurAsI Asana haiM / unameM siddhAsana, padmAsana, ugrAsana aura svastikAsana mukhya haiN| ina AsanoM kA varNana karate samaya aisA kahA gayA hai ki ina AsanoM ke karane se sarva pApoM se mukti hotI hai, saba rogoM se mukti prApta hotI hai, sarva prakAra kI zuddhi aura dukhoM se mukti hotI hai / AsanoM kI isI prakAra kI siddhi haThayoga pradIpikA meM bhI kahI gayI hai| isase hameM eka bAta kA saMketa milatA hai ki sambhavataH prAcIna AcArya, apanI zailI ke anusAra, apanI anubhUtiyoM ko vyakta karane meM samartha rahe hoM; parantu Adhunika yuga meM ina AsanoM kA mahatva samajhAne meM hameM kucha ar3acaneM AtI haiM / AsanoM kA varNana karate hue, eka sthAna para yaha bAta bilakula spaSTa kara dI hai ki veza-bhUSA dhAraNa karane se yA carcA aura zAstrArtha se
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________________ d zrI puSkaramuni abhinandana grantha : navama khaNDa yoga kI siddhi nahIM hogI jaba taka ki kriyArUpa pratyakSa aMgIkAra na kiyA jAya / saMketa isa bAta kA hai ki prAcIna kAla se hI yoga paramparA meM 'sva' anubhUti kI ora vizeSa lakSya kendrita karAyA gayA thaa| isI utsAha meM eka upaniSakAra ne to yahA~ taka kaha diyA ki "jisane Asana vijaya kara lI usane tInoM lokoM ko jIta liyA / 49 aSTAMga yoga meM Asana ko sabase adhika mahatva prApta hone kA eka bahuta bar3A kAraNa yaha bhI hai ki hetuahetu sahaja rUpa se loga Asana karane lagate haiN| kaI bAra to aisA bhI anubhava meM AyA hai ki AsanoM ke sambandha meM jo vidhi - niSedha diye gaye haiM, unakA jJAna na hote hue bhI loga bhAvanAvaza Asana kiyA karate haiM aura usakA kucha na kucha pariNAma, yadyapi zarIra ke lie upayogI hI hotA hai, tathApi kabhI-kabhI kucha aniSTa kI sambhAvanA rahatI hai| yoga granthoM meM kucha saMdigdha carcA isa sambandha meM upalabdha hai| haThayoga pradIpikA meM nAr3I zuddhi kA ullekha hai / anyatra granthoM meM bhI isI prakAra ke ullekha milate haiN| 9 svAmI kuvalayAnanda likhita grantha meM AsanoM ke do lAbha batAye haiM / 2 pahalA, zarIra ko pUrNatayA zakti pradAna karanA aura dUsarA, merudaNDa ko sakriya karake buddhi aura kuNDalinI zakti ko jAgrata karanA / jahA~ taka pahale viSaya kA sambandha hai sthUla zarIra para hone vAle prabhAvoM ko Ajakala manovijJAna kI prayogazAlAoM meM logoM ne siddha karane kA prayatna prArambha kara diyA hai| parantu kuNDalinI zakti aura buddhi para hone vAle prabhAva kisa taraha kArya karate haiM aura kyoM karate haiM yaha eka rahasya hai| zarIra zAstra ko jitanA adhika hama samajheMge utanA hI prastuta rahasya kA sulajhatA huA svarUpa hamAre samakSa Ane kI sambhAvanA hai| Adhunika zarIra vijJAna kI pragati aura vaijJAnika saMzodhana aura prAcIna granthoM meM zarIra sambandhI kiye gaye varNana aura zarIra para hone vAle prabhAva isa bAta kA saMketa karate haiM ki prAcIna AcArya zarIra vijJAna ke kucha AyAmoM se avazya hI paricita the / Aja isa bAta kI AvazyakatA hai ki hama eka samanvayAtmaka dRSTi se citana bhI kareM aura vaijJAnika anusandhAna bhI / ye Asana jaise dikhate haiM, usase kahIM adhika viziSTatA liye hue haiM aura yoga sAhitya meM unakA varNana kucha aisI bhASA meM kiyA gayA hai, jo Adhunika samaya meM yA to rahasya mAnA jAya yA vaicArika kliSTatA / asaMdigdha svarUpa se usakA varNana karanA bahuta Avazyaka hai / jaisA ki hamane Upara kI paMktiyoM meM likhA hai ki AsanoM ko kucha vyaktiyoM ne vyAyAma kA hI eka prakAra mAna liyA hai aura vizAla sAhitya bhI isa dRSTi se sarjana kiyA hai| zArIrika zikSA ke sambandha meM hama adhika vistAra meM na jAkara itanA hI nivedana karanA cAheMge ki " yadyapi Asana karate samaya aisA pratIta hotA hai ki zarIra para kucha prayoga ho rahe haiM, to bhI vastusthiti yaha hai ki sthUla zarIra ke sAtha lagI huI granthiyoM aura una granthiyoM ke zarIra para hone vAle pariNAma, unakA mastiSka para citta yA mana para bhI hone vAlA prabhAva abhipreta hai| isalie aSTAMga yoga krama meM AsanoM ko eka mahatvapUrNa sthAna diyA gayA hai| usakA eka nizcita uddezya sAmane rakhA gayA hai / yaha bAta jaba zArIrika zikSA ke sAtha Asana milA diye jAyeMge to A pAyegI yA nahIM aisA kaha sakanA kaThina hai / isase kisa prakAra ke lAbha logoM ko mila sakeMge, yaha bhI eka vivAda kA viSaya hai / " 55 yoga sAhitya meM prANAyAma karane se pahale Asana dRr3ha honA cAhie aisA nirdeza hai / ataH Asana kitane samaya taka karanA ? kitane Asana karate ? aura kisa hetu se Asana karane ? yaha viSaya apane Apa spaSTa ho jAtA hai / haThayoga pradIpikA meM aisA ullekha hai ki yuvA, vRddha aura durbala koI bhI yogAbhyAsa kara sakatA hai / vahA~ isa bAta kA nirdeza bhI hai ki abhyAsa karane kI jijJAsA honA Avazyaka hai aura zarIra kI AvazyakatAnusAra jaise hama AhAra karate haiM, usI prakAra zarIra kI AvazyakatAnusAra AsanoM kA abhyAsa karanA bhI abhipreta hogA / isalie yogazAstra meM guru ke mahatva ko spaSTa kiyA hai aura guru ke hI mArga-darzana meM abhyAsa karane kA saMketa kiyA hai / "" udAharaNa ke lie, koI sA pahale dina hI padmAsana meM pandraha-bIsa minaTa suvidhApUrvaka baiTha sakegA aura dUsarA sambhavata: pandraha-bIsa dina bAda bhI isa Asana meM na baiTha ske| isalie Asana jaya kI kalpanA kA artha hama pataJjali ke sthirasukha zabda se acchI taraha samajha sakate haiN| ina do zabdoM ne yoga kI sarva prakAra kI vyApakatA ko mAnya kara liyA hai aura usake sAtha-sAtha sAdhaka ko pUrNa svatantratA bhI de dI hai / zarIra zAstra ke zodhakartAoM ke lie yogazAstra kA yaha eka AhvAna hai, "zarIra kI avasthA sukhakara hai yA nahIM isakA anusandhAna kucha vyaktiyoM ne karanA Arambha kiyA hai / parantu yoga sambandhI sAhitya ko sAmane rakhakara isa dRSTi se vyakti-nirapekSa nirIkSaNa kI AvazyakatA hai / " Asana karate samaya yogAcAryoM ne AhAra sambandhI jo saMketa diye haiM" unase kevala isa bAta kA saMketa
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________________ yoga : svarUpa aura sAdhanA 21 . milatA hai ki AhAra kA zarIra para viparIta pariNAma na ho, aisI dakSatA rakhanI caahie| Adhunika yuga meM bhI alpAhAra, phalAhAra, dugdhAhAra, Adi kI carcA hameM prApta hotI hai| zArIrika zrama karane vAle kA AhAra aura bauddhika kArya karane vAloM kA AhAra pRthak-pRthak batAyA gayA hai / svAbhAvika hai ki yogAbhyAsa karane vAle kA AhAra bhI eka viziSTa prakAra kA hI honA cAhie / sambhavataH tAtparya yaha rahA hogA ki yogAbhyAsa kI prakriyA meM jaba zarIra meM andara hI andara kucha prayoga ho rahe haiM to AhAra kI dRSTi se saMyata AhAra honA bahuta Avazyaka hai jisase khAye hue padArthoM ko pacAne meM zarIra ko vizeSa zrama na karanA pdd'e| sAtha hI zarIra ko adhika se adhika kAryakSama bhI banAyA jA sake / zAstrakAroM ke zabdoM meM jo 'saMdigdhatA' dikhatI hai usakA hetu yadi hama samajhane kA prayatna kareM to yaha spaSTa ho jAyegA / yahA~ para bhI Upara nirdiSTa Asana-jaya kI kalpanA yA sthirasukha kI kalpanA duharAI gayI jJAta hotI hai| AhAra se kisI prakAra kI uttejanA na ho itanA hI saMketa diyA hai aura isa saMketa se isa bAta kA bodha hotA hai ki yogamArga meM sAdhakoM ko vaicArika svatantratA abhipreta hai / apane zarIra kI AvazyakatA samajhanA aura usake anusAra AhAra grahaNa karanA hI abhipreta hai| AhAra ke sAtha hI sAtha thor3A-sA varNana dainika dinacaryA sambandhI bhI iMgita hai| isameM isa bAta kA saMketa milatA hai ki zarIra ko jyAdA kleza nahIM denA cAhie aura yogAbhyAsa karane kA sthAna ekAnta meM honA cAhie / kucha loga yaha zaMkA uThA sakate haiM ki Adhunika vyasta jIvana meM nirdiSTa maryAdAoM kA pAlana karanA asambhava hai| kinta sAdhAraNa sI bAta hai ki kisI bhI kArya ke lie kucha na kucha pathyoM kA pAlana karanA hI par3atA hai| inhIM pathyoM meM yadi hama yoga kI maryAdAoM ko mAnya kara leM, to koI Apatti na hogii| sabhI saMketa jIvana kI maryAdAoM ko sAmane rakhakara diye gaye the| yadi chAtrAvAsa meM rahane vAlA vidyArthI apane kamare meM ekAnta va zAnta vAtAvaraNa banA sakatA hai aura zarIra para thor3A saMyama rakha sakatA hai to yogAbhyAsa karane vAlA sAdhaka ekAnta kyoM nahIM banA sakatA? yogazAstroM ke anusAra sAdhakoM ko ekAnta meM to rahanA hI cAhie parantu apanI sAdhanA kI carcA bhI idharaudhara nahIM karanI caahie|" vizeSataH Asana-prANAyAma karate samaya mana meM hIna bhAvanA Ane kI sambhAvanA hai yA ahaMkAra ko Azraya milane kI bhI / yadi sAdhaka ko koI Asana karanA na A rahA ho to sahayogI use nirAza kara sakate haiN| isake viparIta yadi koI bhalIbhA~ti acchI taraha Asana kara pA rahA ho, to use loga yogI kahanA Arambha kara dete haiN| donoM avasthAyeM sAdhakoM ke lie ahitakara haiN| yahA~ eka bAta aura spaSTa dikhAyI deto hai ki Ajakala bhArata aura videzoM meM bhI; sAmUhika AsanoM ke prazikSaNa varga calAye jA rahe haiM aura vahA~ para Asana tathA prANAyAma zArIrika zikSA ke stara para hI sAmUhika rUpa se kiye jAte haiM / Adhunika yuga kI samasyAoM ko dekhate hue, kucha logoM kA ekatra baiThakara Asana karanA hAnikAraka nhiiN| parantu eka-dUsare ke sAtha tulanA karanA yA sabhI Asana karane vAloM meM ekarUpatA lAne kA prayAsa karanA, AsanoM kI mukhya bhUmikA ke sAtha anyAya hai| vAstava meM sabhI sAdhanAyeM vyaktigata sAdhanAyeM hotI haiM aura una vyaktigata sAdhanAoM meM thor3A sA sAmya dekhane ke bAda, vahIM taka hI sImita raha jAnA cAhie / jaba bahuta sAre loga eka sAtha milakara sAdhanArata hoMge yA zArIrika vikAsa kI dRSTi se bhI prayatnazIla hoMge to eka-dUsare se preraNA lene taka hI sImita rakhanA mahatvapUrNa hogaa| AcArya hemacandra ne yogazAstra ke caturtha prakAza meM bahuta sAre AsanoM kA varNana karane ke pazcAt aisA kahA hai ki sAdhaka jisa avasthA meM mana ko sthira pA sakeM usI ko apanA leN| yahA~ yaha bAta spaSTa hotI hai ki AsanoM kA abhyAsa karate samaya zarIra para kisI bhI prakAra kA viparIta prabhAva na par3e aura mana sadA prasanna rhe| isakA abhiprAya yahI hai ki abhyAsa karate samaya zarIra ke Upara kisI bhI prakAra kA anyAya na ho| isa ora vicArapUrvaka dhyAna denA hogA / pataJjali kA varNana karate samaya sthira-sukha ke vistAra meM jo ar3acaneM AyIM sambhavataH usI prakAra kI kucha avasthA AcArya hemacandra kI bhI rahI ho| ye ar3acaneM sambhavataH una AcAryoM ko na rahI hoMgI / parantu kAlAntara meM paramparA kA lopa ho jAne ke bAda, ye zAbdika ar3acaneM hameM kucha samaya ke lie AbhAsa mAtra dikhAI detI haiN| parantu yadi zarIra zuddha aura saMvedanazIla ho to isa ar3acana kA AbhAsa bhI apane Apa kSINa ho jAtA hai / dUsare zabdoM meM sUtra aura zlokoM kI bhASA eka nizcita paramparA kI ora saMketa detI hai aura usa saMketa kA artha bhI vyaktigata anubhava hI hogaa| HARINA CSRA RAJA 0Sda ***
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________________ 5 . 22 zrI puSkaramuni abhinandana grantha : navama khaNDa sandarbha evaM sandarbha sthala 1 yuktAhAra vihArasya yogo bhavati duHkhahA / 2 ziva saMhitA 5-18-31 / 3 pa0 yo0 sU0 3-22 / 4 Spiritual Community Guide (for North America only) 5 haThayoga-pradIpikA 1-56 aura 57 / 6 gheraNDa saMhitA 1-10 / 7 amRtanAda upaniSad 6 / 8 maMDala brAhmaNa upaniSad 1-3-4 / & yogatattva upaniSad 16 / 10 zAMDilya upaniSad-aSTama khaNDa / 11 yogatattva upaniSad 126-30 / 12 yogazikSA upaniSad 130-31 / 13 manusmRti 2-5-86 / / 14 darzana upaniSad 2-12 se 16 taka ; zAMDilya upaniSad 2-10 / 15 yogazikSA upaniSad 134-35 / 16 haThayoga pradIpikA 4-26 / 17 nAdabindu upaniSad 31 se 41 taka / 18 mahAtmA gAndhI, maislo, surokina / 16 viziSTa brAhmaNa upaniSad 23 se 27 taka / 20 zaktipAta, svAmI viSNutIrtha; devAtmazakti, Mysterious Kundalini. 21 pataJjali yogasUtra 1-2, 3-4, 12, 33, 2-3, 15, 28, 46, 47, 4-26, 30, 30 / 22 pataJjali yogasUtra 1-36 / 23 haThayoga pradIpikA 1-66 / 24 vivekamArtaNDa / 25 yogazAstra-SaSTha prakAza 4, 5 / 26 (i) The Way of Zen-A. Watts. (ii) Zen Buddhism-C. Humphreys. (iii) The World of Zen-N. W. Ross. (iv) Chan and Zen Teaching (First and Second Series)-C. Luk. (v) A Buddhist Bible-D. Goddard. (vi) Zen Flesh & Zen Bones-P. Reps. (vii) Zen Buddhism & Psycho-analysis-E. Fromm, D. T. Suzuki & R. Martino. (viii) Studies in Zen-D. T. Suzuki. (ix) Essays in Zen Buddhism--D. T. Suzuki. (x) dhyAna sampradAya-DaoN. bharatasiMha upAdhyAya / 27 The World of Zen-N. W. Ross, p. 33. 28 The World ofZen---N. W. Ross, p. 5, 197, 332. 26 "tatra pratyayakatAnatA dhyAnam |"--p. yo. sU. 3-2 / 30 "trayamekatra saMyamaH |"-p. yo. sU. 3-4 / 31 gheraNDa sNhitaa| 0. 0 0 . .
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________________ yoga : svarUpa aura sAdhanA 23 32 gudaM medUM ca nAbhizca hRtpadma ca tadUrdhvataH / ghaNTikA lambikAsthAna bhrUmadhyaM ca nabhobilam / kathitAni nabaMtAni dhyAnasthAnAni yogibhiH ||-a. yo. si. 7-13 / 33 haThayoga pradIpikA 4 / 34 pataMjali yoga sUtra 2-47 / 35 jJAnArNava 41-4 / 36 pataJjali yogasUtra 1-30 / 37 haThayoga pradIpikA 1-32 / 38 gheraNDa saMhitA 2-16 / 36 (ka) yogika therepi, kaivalyadhAma, lonevAlA, 1971 / (kha) yogika therepi-svAmI zivAnanda sarasvatI, umAMcala yoga Azrama, kAmAkhyA (asm)| 40 sAinsa sTuDe yuga 1975 lekhaka DaoN. cinnA aura DaoN. baladeva siMha / 41 krambelakara aura gharoTe likhita yoga-mImAMsA 1666 / . 42 iNDiyana jarnala oNpha meDikala risarca 1661, lekhaka DaoN. Ananda, DaoN. cinnaa| 43 yogA TuDe, yogA ina meDisina, prakAzaka : mekamilana eNDa kampanI 1971 saMkalanaH DaoN. jayadeva yogIndra / 44 haThayoga pradIpikA 1-38, 36 / 45 haThayoga pradIpikA 1-43 / 46 yogakuNDalI upaniSad 104 / 47 ziva saMhitA 3-68 / 48 ziva saMhitA 69-117 / 46 trizikhI brAhmaNa upaniSad 1-52 / 50 haThayoga pradIpikA 1-56 / 51 gheraNDa saMhitA 5-36, haThayoga pradIpikA 2-77 aura zvetAzvetara upaniSad 2-12, 13 / 52 Asana : svAmI kuvalayAnanda, 131 / 53 haThayoga pradIpikA 2-1; yogasUtra 2-47 / 54 haThayoga pradIpikA 1-64 / 55 haThayoga pradIpikA 1-14 / 56 haThayoga pradIpikA 1-62, 63; gheraNDa saMhitA 5-16 se 32 / 57 haThayoga pradIpikA 1-11 / 58 yogazAstra 4-134 aura jAnArNava 28-11 / ***