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________________ vizeSAvazyaka bhASya ke pAThAntaroM, utkIrNa prAcIna abhilekhoM aura isi bhAsiyAI kI bhASA ke pariprekSya meM prAcIna Agama-granthoM kA sampAdana DaoN0 ke0 Ara0 candra jaina ardhamAgadhI Agama granthoM meM kucha aise grantha haiM jinakI racanA prAcIna mAnI jAtI hai, parantu una granthoM 'bhASA meM arvAcInatA ke bhI darzana hote haiM / AgamoM kI antima vAcanA pA~cavIMchaThIM zatAbdI meM kI gayI jaba ki unakI prathama vAcanA kA samaya I0 pUrva cauthI zatAbdI kA mAnA jAtA hai / mahAvIra aura buddha samakAlIna mAne jAte haiM parantu unake yuga kI bhASA se pAli bhASA ke prAcInatama tripiTaka granthoM aura arddhamAgadhI ke prAcInatama Agama graMthoM kI bhASA meM bahuta antara pAyA jAtA hai, yahA~ taka ki samrAT azoka ke zilAlekhoM meM, bhASA kA jo svarUpa prApta hotA hai, usase bhI kAphI vikasita rUpa arddhamAgadhI Agama-granthoM meM upalabdha ho rahA hai / honA aisA cAhie thA ki kama se kama prAcInatama jaina Agama granthoM meM samrAT azoka ke pahale kA tathA prathama jaina vAcanA ke kAla kA yAni cauthI zatAbdI I0 pUrva kA bhASA svarUpa mile parantu aisA nahIM hai / bhASA kI isa avasthA kA kyA kAraNa ho sakatA hai ? AgamoddhAraka pUjyamuni zrIpuNyavijaya jI ne kalpasUtra kI prastAvanA meM spaSTa kahA hai ki samaya ko gati ke sAtha-sAtha cAlU bhASA ke prabhAva ke kAraNa pUrva AcAryoM, upAdhyAyoM aura lehiyoM ne una granthoM meM jAne-anajAne bhASA sambandhI parivartana kiye haiM jo unake ziSya-adhyetAoM ko anukUla evaM sarala rahe hoMge / Agama-granthoM ke zabdoM meM varNavikAra kI jo bahulatA Aja vibhinna pratoM meM dekhane ko milatI hai vaha isI pravRtti kA natIjA hai / ina viSamatAoM ke kAraNa AgamoM ke vibhinna saMskaraNoM meM eka hI zabda ke aneka rUpa apanAye gaye haiN| zrI zugi mahodaya ne to isa gutthI aura ulajhana se chuTakArA pAne ke lie aura bhASA ko ekarUpatA dene ke lie madhyavartI vyaMjanoM kA sarvathA lopa hI kara diyA hai cAhe cUrNi athavA grantha kI pratoM isa prakAra kA sAkSya mile yA na bhI mile / varNa-vikAra kI dRSTi se nahIM parantu rUpa-vinyAsa kI dRSTi se bhI kaI aise sthala milate haiM jahA~ para prAcIna ke badale meM arvAcIna rUpa apanAye gaye haiM / zubriMga mahodaya ke sivAya anya vidvAnoM ke saMskaraNoM meM bhI samAnatA evaM ekarUpatA nahIM hai / kisI meM lopa adhika hai to kisI meM kama / zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya, bambaI dvArA prakAzita saMskaraNa meM madhyavartI vyaJjanoM kA lopa kama mAtrA meM milatA hai parantu vahA~ ke saMskaraNa meM bhI aise aneka sthala haiM jahA~ para mUla pratoM evaM cUrNi va TIkA ke AdhAra se arvAcIna kI jagaha para prAcIna zabda yA rUpa svIkAra kiye jA sakate haiM / sampAdana ke nIti-viSayaka niyamoM meM bhI parivartana kI AvazyakatA pratIta hotI hai / yathA - aneka pratiyoM meM jo pATha upalabdha ho use liyA jAya yA prAcInatama prata meM pATha upalabdha ho use liyA jAya yA cUrNi kA pATha liyA jAya yA TIkAkAra kA pATha liyA jAya / athavA bhASAkIya dRSTi se jo rUpa prAcIna ho use apanAyA jAya ?
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________________ DaoN0 ke0 Ara0 candra pro0 zrI ela0 AlsaDarpha mahodaya yadi chanda ko dRSTi se kisI zabda ko mAtrA ko ghaTA yA bar3hA sakate haiM, hrasva yA dIrgha kara sakate haiM aura usameM akSara bar3hA yA ghaTA sakate haiM to isI taraha se bhASA kI prAcInatA ko surakSita rakhane ke lie kyoM na prAcIna rUpa hI svIkAra kiyA jAnA caahie| yadi kisI grantha kI prAcInatA anya pramANoM se suspaSTa ho to phira usakI bhASA ko bhI prAcIna rakhane ke lie upalabdha AdhAroM ke sahAre prAcIna rUpa ho svIkAra kiyA jAnA cAhie / yaha to bilakula spaSTa hai ki Agama granthoM kI bhASA meM dhvanyAtmaka dRSTi se bahuta bar3A parivartana huA hai| jaina lehiyoM kI pravRtti hI aisI rahI hai| isakA prabala sAkSya cAhie to hama vizeSAvazyaka bhASya kI pratoM kA adhyayana kreN| isase itanA spaSTa ho jAyegA ki kisI ko isa viSaya meM tanika bhI zaMkA karane kA avasara hI nahIM rahegA / 66 paM0 zrI dalasukhabhAI mAlavaNiyA dvArA sampAdita evaM lA0 da0 bhA0 saM0 vi0 mandira, ahamadAbAda dvArA prakAzita vi0 A0 bhA0 kI kucha vizeSatAe~ haiM / isake sampAdana meM jina pratoM kA upayoga kiyA gayA hai unameM se sabase prAcIna jaisalamera kI tAr3apatrIya prata hai jisakA samaya lagabhaga I0 san 950 hai / ( isake atirikta 'ta' saMjJaka prata bhI tAr3apatrIya hai / 'he' aura 'ko' saMjJaka do chape hue saMskaraNa haiM jo maladhArI hemacandra evaM koTyAcArya kI TIkA sahita haiM ) / ina sabase bhI adhika mahattvapUrNa jo prata milI hai vaha hai 'saM' saMjJaka jo svopajJavRtti sahita hai aura usakA samaya I0 san 1434 hai / svopajJavRtti meM hareka gAthA kA prathama zabda mUla rUpa meM prAkRta meM diyA gayA hai aura isase itanA lAbha to avazya hai ki mUla racanAkAra prAkRta zabdoM ko kisa svarUpa meM prastuta kiyA hai use hama spaSTa rUpa se jAna sakate haiM / mUla grantha ke karttA AcArya jinabhadra kA samaya I0 san kI chaThIM zatAbdI mAnA gayA hai ( svargavAsa I0 san 593 ) aura jaisalamera kI prata jisa Adarza prata para se likhI gayI thI usakA samaya I0 san 609 hai aisA zrI dalasukhabhAI kA mantavya hai / ataH vi0 A0 bhA0 kI jo prAcInatama prata milI hai vaha racanAkAra se lagabhaga 350 varSa bAda kI hI hai isalie racanAkAra kI jo mUla bhASA thI usase koI alaga bhASA parivartita rUpa meM isa prata meM milane kI sambhAvanA kama hI rahatI hai / svopajJavRtti meM prApta zabdoM ke sAtha tulanA karane para yaha spaSTa ho jAyegA | grantha ke 'he' evaM 'ko' saMjJaka prakAzita saMskaraNoM ke zabdoM meM jo dhvanigata parivartana milatA hai vaha prAkRta bhASA ke vidvAnoM evaM sampAdakoM ke lie dhyAna meM lene yogya hai / vi0 A0 bhA0 kA dhvanigata vizleSaNa (gAthA naM0 1 se 100 jinameM sabhI pratoM ke pAThAntara diye gaye haiM ) (ka) grantha kI svopajJa vRtti meM diye gaye hareka gAthA ke prArambhika zabdoM kA bhASAkIya (dhvanigata ) vizleSaNa | ma0 alpa prANa ma0 mahA prANa saMyoga 9 13% *% 9 10% lopa o saghoSa - aghoSa 9 13% 6 35% 15 18% yathAvat 49 74% 11 65% 60 72%
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________________ (kha) 'je' prata meM pratyeka gAthA kA vahI prAraMbhika zabda lopa (ga) saghoSa - aghoSa 7 10% 12 18% 0% 9 53% 7 83% 21 25% isa vizleSaNa se spaSTa hai ki svopajJavRtti kI tulanA meM 'je' prata kI gAthAoM ke prArambhika prathama zabdoM meM dhvanigata parivartana bahuta hI kama mAtrA meM Age bar3hA hai aura yaha antara lagabhaga 53% hai| parantu 'je' prata kI 1 se 100 gAthAoM ke sabhI zabdoM kA vizleSaNa karane para unameM yaha lopa 113% hai aura yathAvat sthiti 70% hai ( Age dekhie ) jo kama antara rakhatA hai / svopajJavRtti ke sAtha bahuta 1 se 100 gAthAoM ke sabhI zabdoM kA vizleSaNa lopa saghoSa - aghoSa jeta he ko 22 21 22 22 ka ga ca ja ta da pa ya va yoga kha gha tha dha ma0 alpa prANa ma0 mahA prANa saMyoga je ta he ko 34 35 36 36 0 o o 0 5 5 5 5 3 3 3 3 13 15185 185 6 29 62 61 o 0 1 1 1720 38 40 6 6 6 6 84 113336337 sparza-lopa je ta he ko 1 1 1 1 0 2 0 0 2 3 4 prAcIna Agama granthoM kA sampAdana 0 3 30 30 5 0 0 o 0 o 0 0 o 0 28 27 0 0 0 O o 0 1 1 33 8 0 o 50 50 4949 0 0 o o 0 O o o O 106 80 71 71 saghoSa - aghoSa je ta he ko 0 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o O je o 1 0 yathAvat je ta he ko 4 4 2 2 28 28 28 28 O 184 182 13 13 39 41 16 17 9 9 9 9 79 76 58 56 147 147 147 147 490 487 273 272 yathAvat ta he ko 0 o 1 0 0 0 0 0 o 0 1 o 36 35 34 0 1 o yathAvat 48 72% 8 47% 56 663% 33 yoga 50 28 5 3 198 78 59 96 156 680 67 yoga 1 1 30 38
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________________ 68 pha bha yoga 0 O lopa a0 prA0 ma0 prA0 yoga yathAvat ZGO IaGO 4 4 5 73940 28 27 alpaprANa aura mahAprANa donoM kA yoga 89, 120, 375, 377 144, 107, 71, 71 vizleSaNa: - vibhinna pratoM aura saMskaraNoM ke anusAra je ma0 prA0 saghoSa - aghoSa a0 prA0 ma0 prA0 yoga 0 84, 123% 5, 5% 89, 113% je yoga 564, 70% 490, 72% 74, 70% 0 je 106, 16% 28, 26% DaoN0 ke0 Ara0 candra 0 0 0 0 o o 0 0 ta 113, 163% 7, 7% 120, 15% ta 487, 70% 73, 70% 560, 71% ta 80, 12% 27, 25% 1 1 1 36 36 32 74 73 68 554, 560, 341, 339 336, 50% 39, 36% 375, 48% he 273, 40% 58, 53% 341, 43% he 71, 103% 0, 0% 71, 9% 1 1 32 36 67 107 787 ko 337, 50% 40, 36% 377, 48% ko 272, 40% 57, 53% 339, 43% 134, 183% 107, 14% 71, 9% lagabhaga 11% ho uparokta vizleSaNa se spaSTa hai ki vi0 A0 bhA0 meM lopa prApta hotA hai aura yathAvat sthiti 70% hai / chaThIM zatAbdI kI kRti meM yaha kaise ho sakatA hai ? isa avasthA ke lie aisA mAnA jAtA hai ki usa kAla meM bar3hate hue saMskRta ke prabhAva ke kAraNa prAkRta racanAoM meM tatsama zabdoM kA prayoga adhika mAtrA meM hone lagA thaa| jo kucha bhI ho eka bAta spaSTa hai ki nAmaka vibhaktiyoM aura kriyA rUpoM meM 'ta' kA prayoga adhika pramANa meM milatA hai - saMga bhU0 kR0 'ta', paM0 e0 va0 'to', va0 kA0 tR0 pu0 e0 va, ti' aura madhyavartI 'ta' ke kula 198 prasaMgoM meM se mAtra eka sthala para 'ta' kA 'da' ( dosadi 53 ) aura lopa mAtra 13 sthaloM para milatA hai jabaki 'ta' kI yathAvat sthiti 184 sthaloM para upalabdha hai / isa avasthA kA kAraNa yahI ho sakatA hai ki racayitA ko bhASA kA yahI svarUpa usa samaya mAnya thA / eka anya 'ta' prata jo upalabdha hai usameM lopa 15% milatA hai aura yathAvat sthiti to 70% hI hai / inake sAtha jaba 'he' evaM 'ko' saMskaraNoM kI tulanA karate haiM to unameM lopa 48% aura yathAvat sthiti 43% rahatI hai / ghoSIkaraNa ko 71, 10% 0, 0%
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________________ prAcIna Agama-granthoM kA sampAdana 69. kA pramANa kramazaH ghaTatA jAtA hai :-'je' meM 183, 'ta' meM 14 to 'he' aura 'ko' meM mAtra 9 pratizata hI raha jAtA hai| isase spaSTa sAbita hotA hai ki grantha ke mUla prAkRta zabdoM meM kAla kI gati ke sAtha lehiyoM ke hAtha dhvanyAtmaka parivartana kisa gati se bar3hatA gayA hai| isa dRSTi se vi0 A0 bhA0 kA yaha vizleSaNa bahuta hI upayogI hai / isake AdhAra se hama vizvAsa ke sAtha kaha sakate haiM ki yadi vi0 A0 bhA0 kI bhASA meM kucha zatAbdiyoM ke bAda itanA parivartana A sakatA hai to phira mUla Agama granthoM kI bhASA meM eka hajAra aura pandraha sau varSoM ke bAda kitanA parivartana AyA hogA isakA andAja saralatA se lagAyA jA sakatA hai| bhASA sambandhI isa parivartana ke do kAraNa rahe haiM-eka to samakAlIna bhASA kA parivartita rUpa aura dvitIya vyAkaraNakAroM dvArA prastuta kiye gaye bhASA sambandhI niyama / prAkRta bhASA ke vaiyAkaraNoM ne yadi aitihAsika vikAsa kI dRSTi se hareka bhASA kA svarUpa nirUpita kiyA hotA to zAyada yaha paristhiti nahIM hotii| vyAkaraNoM meM ArSa prAkRta ke kucha udAharaNa to avazya diye gaye haiM parantu madhyavartI vyaMjanoM kA lopa ( kucha vyaMjanoM ke ghoSIkaraNa ke sivAya) sarvavyApI sabhI prAkRta bhASAoM para lAgU ho jAtA ho aisA phalita hotA hai; jabaki prAcIna prAkRta bhASAoM-mAgadhI, senI ardhamAgadhI Adi meM isa prakAra kA lopa honA aitihAsika dRSTi se upayukta nahIM hai| bar3e paimAne para lopa mahArASTrI prAkRta meM hI huA hai aura isa bhASA kA kAla I0 san kI prArambhika zatAbdiyoM kA mAnA jAtA hai / aneka prAcIna lekhoM meM utkIrNa bhASA-svarUpa para vicAra kareM taba bhI yahI phalita hotA hai| udAharaNa ke taura para mahAvIra ke 84 varSa bAda meM baDalI ( rAja0 ) meM upalabdha zilAlekha meM madhyavartI vyaMjana kA lopa nahIM milatA, nAmika vibhakti-'te' aura 'ye' haiM, usake sthAna para 'e' nahIM hai| azoka ke zilAlekhoM meM dhvani vikAra kA prArambha ho gayA hai, ghoSIkaraNa, aghoSIkaraNa evaM lopa kA pramANa 5 se 6 pratizata hI hai| mauryakAlIna anya zilAlekhoM meM bhI yahI pramANa hai| khAravela ke zilAlekha meM ghoSIkaraNa bar3ha gayA hai| ATha meM se chaH bAra 'tha' kA 'dha' milatA hai hAlA~ki varNa-vikAra to 5-6 pratizata hI milatA hai| vibhinna prakAra ke prAcIna utkIrNa lekhoM se patA calatA hai ki madhyavartI vyaMjanoM ke lopa kI pravRtti kA pracalana uttara pazcima aura pazcima bhArata meM sabase pahale haA thaa| itanA hI nahIM paranta madhyavartI 'na' ke 'Na' vartana bhI isI kSetra kI dena hai| uttara-pazcima bhArata meM prApta I0 san prathama zatAbdI ke tIna lekhoM meM (paMjatara, kalavAna aura takSazilA; sarakAra saMskaraNa, naM032,33,34) ke vizleSaNa se yaha sAbita hotA hai ki unakI bhASA meM lopa 30%, yathAvat sthiti 53% aura saghoSa-aghoSa 17% milatA hai) kula lopa 27, yathAvat 47, saghoSa 13 aura aghoSa 2 = (89 prsNg)| inameM prArambhika 'na' kA 'Na' meM parivartana 100% hai aura madhyavartI 'na' kA 75% milatA hai| pazcima bhArata meM nAsika, kaNherI aura junara ke lekhoM meM bhI lopa evaM saghoSa kI pravRtti adhika milatI hai| 'na' kA 'Na' meM parivartana bhI adhika mAtrA meM upalabdha ho rahA hai| isa dhvanyAtmaka parivartana kI dRSTi se 'isibhAsiyAI' kA adhyayana bhI mahattvapUrNa hai| yaha bhI eka prAcIna kRti mAnI jAtI hai / zubriga mahodaya dvArA saMpAdita saMskaraNa meM adhyAya naM. 1,2,3, 5,11, 29 aura 31 meM madhyavartI lopa 11 se 31% ke bIca hai, yathAvat sthiti 45 se 81% hai| ina sAtoM adhyayanoM kA ausata hai-lopa 273%, yathAvat 603% tathA saghoSa aghoSa 12% 1 isakA saMpAdana mAtra do pratoM ke AdhAra se kiyA gayA hai| pAThAntaroM kI bahulatA nahIM hai jo hameM
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________________ 70 DaoN0 ke0 Ara0 candra Agama granthoM meM milatI hai| 'isibhAsiyAI' ke kama pracalana ke kAraNa isa grantha kI bhASA kA vibhinna hAthoM se kAyAkalpa na ho sakA / yadi isakI bhI aneka pratiyA~ vibhinna kAloM meM banatI gayI hotI to isakI bhI vahI dazA hotI jo anya prAcIna Agama granthoM kI huI hai| eka aura vizeSatA dhyAna dene yogya hai| isa saMskaraNa meM madhyavartI 'ta' kA AcArAMga kI taraha sarvathA lopa nahIM kiyA gayA hai parantu alaga-alaga adhyayanoM meM alaga-alaga mAtrA meM milatA hai| lopa aura yathAvat sthiti kramazaH isa prakAra upalabdha ho rahI hai-adhyAya 1-32 / 68, 2-0 / 100, 3-15/85, 5-28 / 72, 11-27 / 73, 29-4852, evaM 31-21 / 79 / ina sAkSyoM ke AdhAra se zrI zubriga mahodaya dvArA sampAdita AcArAMga meM upalabdha madhyavartI vyaMjanoM kA 58% lopa kisa taraha svIkArA jA sakatA hai| unake dvArA prayukta tAr3apatrIya prata ( saMvat 1348 ) meM hI va0 kA0 ta0 pU0 e0 va0 ke pratyaya 'ti' kA prayoga 504 aura usI prakAra 'i' kA prayoga 50% ( prathama adhyayana ke vizleSaNa ke anusAra ) hai / unhoMne pAThAntaroM meM 'ti' nahIM diyA hai aura sarvatra 'i' ko hI apanAyA hai| zrI mahAvIra vidyAlaya dvArA prakAzita AcArAMga meM ma0 vyaMjanoM kA lopa 24% hai parantu pAThAntaroM ke AdhAra se hI aise pATha svIkAra kiye jAne yogya haiM jinameM varNalopa nahIM hai| isa adhyayana se isa niSkarSa para pahu~cate haiM ki prAcIna granthoM kI bhASA bho prAcIna honI cAhie / kAlAntara meM hastapratoM meM jo vikAra Aye ve saba tyAjya mAne jAne caahie| mUla grantha kI hastapratoM, cUNi grantha yA TIkA jo bhI ho jisa kisI meM bhI yadi bhASAkIya dRSTi se prAcIna rUpa milatA ho aura artha kI saMvAditA surakSita rahatI ho to usI pATha ko svIkAra kiyA jAnA caahie| Agama-granthoM ke sampAdakoM ke sAmane yahI sujhAva hai jo isa vizleSaNa se spaSTa ho rahA hai ki kisI bhI prAcIna grantha kI vibhinna kAloM meM jitanI adhika pratilipiyA~ utaratI gayIM utane hI pramANa meM usa grantha kI mala bhASA meM parivartana bhI bar3hatA hI gyaa|
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________________ vizeSAvazyaka bhASya kI gAthA naM. 1 se 100 ke katipaya prAraMbhika zabda . aba vi. A. bhA. ke vibhinna saMskaraNoM meM prayukta katipaya una zabdoM kI tulanAtmaka tAlikA dI jA rahI hai jo eka se sau gAthAoM ke prArambhika zabda haiN| isa tAlikA se jo sthiti sAmane AtI hai vaha isa prakAra hai : grantha-prakAzana-varSa 1966 AD. 1966 AD. 1936 AD. 1914 AD. lagabhaga dazavIM zatAbdI kI prata ajJAta samaya kI prata he0 ta0 gAthA naM0 saMskata 41. atItam 23. athavA mUlapATha atItaM adhavA svo0 To0 atItaM ko0 atIyaM je0 atItaM atItaM atIta adhavA ahavA adhavA adhavA prAcIna Agama-granthoM kA sampAdana athavA adhavA adhavA ahavA adhavA adhavA 51. athavA adhavA adhavA adhavA adhavA athavA adhavA adhavA adhavA adhavA adhavA adhavA adhavA aNumataM athavA 65. anumatam __abhidhAnam 57. abhidhAnam avadhIyate 29. AgamataH ahavA ahavA ahavA ahavA ahavA aNumayaM abhihANaM abhihANaM avahIyae Agamao ahavA ahavA ahavA aNumayaM abhihANaM abhihANaM avahIyae Agamao adhavA aNumataM abhidhANaM abhidhANaM avadhIyate Agamato abhidhANaM aNumataM abhidhANaM abhidhANaM aNumataM abhidhANaM abhidhANaM abhidhANaM avadhIyate avadhIyate Agamato avadhIyate Agamato Agamato
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________________ gAthA0 naM0 saMskRta 73. 75. 21. 51. 55. 77. 5. 24. 33. 36. 3. 30. 46. 81. 19. 28. 28. 8. 23. 97. Adi Adi iha iha iha RjusUtrI kRta gAlayati cUta: cUtAdibhyaH jJAna jJAnam jJAyaka tataH tridhA dravati drUyate mUlapATha Adi -Ai idha iha ujjusutA kata gAlayati cUto cUtAI hito NANa NANaM jANaga tato tidhA dava dUti namaskAraH NamokkAro nipAtAt NivAtaNAto nibudhyate Nibujjhati svo0 TI0 Adi Adi idha iha iha ujjusutA kata gAlayati cUto cUtA0 NANa NANaM jANaga tato tidhA dava dUti NamokkAro NivAtaNAto Ni bujjhati ko0 Ai Ai iha iha iha ujjusuyA kaya gAlayai cUo cUthAIe0 nANa nANaM jANaya tao tihA davae duyae namokkAro nivAyaNAo nibujjhai Ai Ai iha iha iha ujjusuyA kaya gAlayai cUo cUyAIe nANa nANaM je0 Adi Ati idha iha iha ujjusutA kata gAlayati cUto cUyAtI NANa NANaM ta0 Adi Ai idha iha iha ujjusutA kata gAlayati cUvo cUtAI NANa waa , bhr NANaM jANaga jANaya jANaga tao tato tihA tidhA davae davate duyae dUti duyae namokkAro NamokkAro NamokkAro nivAyaNAo NivAtaNAvo NivAtaNAto Nibujjhai Nibujjhati Nibujjhati tato tidhA davate 72 DaoN0 ke0 Ara0 candra
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________________ 10 gAthA naM0 saMskRta 58 nivRta bhUta maGgya mati 47. 22. 86. 57. yathA 20. yadi 30. yadi yadi 100. 72. vivadanti 49. zruta 98. zruta 100. zruta 40. 43. hetuH sUtrasya ' mUlapATha Nivvuta bhUta magijjate mati jadha jati jati jati vivadaMti suta suta sutassa hetU svo0 TI0 Nivvata bhUta maMgijjate mati jadha jati jati jati vivadaMti suta hetU ko0 nivvuya gong bhaya maMgibjae mai jaha jai jai jai vivayaMti suya suya suya suassa heU nivvuya bhUya maMgijjae mai jaha jai jai jai vivayaMti suya suya suassa heU je0 Nivvuta bhUta maMgijjate mati jadha jati jati jati vivadaMti Yin ta0 nivvuya bhUta maMgijjate mati jaha jati jati jati vivadaMti waa waa aaa waa prAcIna Agama-granthoM kA sampAdana 6
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________________ 74 DaoN. ke. Ara0 candra grantha ke 'ko' evaM 'he' saMskaraNo meM madhyavartI ta, tha, da, dha, evaM ka ke badale meM ya, ha, ya, ha evaM ya varNa kramazaH milate haiN| spaSTa hai ki madhyavartI vyaJjanoM kA lopa adhika mAtrA meM pAyA jAtA hai jaisA ki Upara pahale hI batalA diyA gayA hai| jaba taka anya prAcIna tADapatrIya pratiyA~ nahIM milI thI taba taka ina saMskaraNoM ko hI pramANita mAnA jAtA thA aura madhyavartI vyaJjana-lopa-yukta zabda hI lekhaka kI bhASA ho aisA samajhA jAtA rahA parantu 'je' prata milane se sArA tathya hI badala gyaa| yaha prata sabase prAcIna hai aura use adhika prAmANika mAnA jAtA hai jisameM lekhaka ke hI zabdoM kI varNa-vyavasthA surakSita hai| isameM madhyavartI 'ta' kI yathAvat sthiti hone ke kAraNa kisI vidvAn ko yaha zaMkA ho ki isameM bhI 'ta' zruti A gayI hai to usakA nirAkaraNa isa bAta se hotA hai ki granthakAra ne jo svopajJa vRtti likhI hai usameM bhI madhyavartI 'ta' ko vahI sthiti hai| ataH bAda meM 'ta' A gayA ho aisA kahanA ucita nahIM lgtaa| 'je' prata ke zabdoM aura svopajJa vRtti ke zabdoM kI varNa vyavasthA meM paryApta samAnatA hai yaha Upara batalAyA jA cukA hai| koI yadi aisA kahe ki svopajJa-vRtti kI prata I0 sa0 1434 kI hai ataH usameM bhI 'ta' zruti A gayI hogii| isake uttara meM yaha bhI to prazna hotA hai ki taba phira 'ka' ke lie 'ga', 'tha' ke lie 'dha' aura 'da' ke lie 'da' kA prayoga donoM pratoM meM milatA hai usakA kyA uttara hogaa| ataH 'ta' zruti kI zaMkA karanA nirAdhAra bana jAtA hai| lekhaka ko jo mAnya thI vaisI hI varNa vyavasthA unhoMne apanAyI hai| 'ko' evaM 'he' saMskaraNoM meM varNa-sambandhI jo parivartana pAyA jAtA hai vaha lehiyoM dvArA bAda meM kiyA gayA parivartana hai-lopa hai-pazcAt kAlIna vyAkaraNakAroM kA prabhAva hai-cAlU bhASA kA prabhAva hai aisA akATya rUpa se pramANita ho rahA hai| unhoMne hI bhASA kI prAcInatA ko badalA hai jo darpaNa kI taraha spaSTa ho rahA hai| yaha to pAMcavIM-chaThI zatAbdI meM race gaye eka grantha kI kahAnI hai taba phira prAcIna Agama granthoM kI bhASA ke sAtha 1500 varSoM meM kitanA kyA kucha nahIM huA hogA yaha kaise kahA jA sakatA hai| unake sAtha bhI yadi aisA hI huA hai to abhI taka ke saMskaraNoM meM madhyavartI vyaMjanoM ke lopa ko jo mahattva diyA hai vaha bilakula galata hai aura bhASA kI ekarUpatA ke nAma se (dhvaniparivartana kI dRSTi se ) kRtrima siddhAnta khar3A kiyA gayA hai vaha asvIkArya bana jAtA hai| vidvAnoM kI bhASA aura upadezaka-santoM kI bhASA meM hamezA antara rahA hai| upadezakoM kI bhASA meM bahulatA rahatI hai jo lokabhASA kA sahArA liye hue hotI hai| kyA prAcIna hindI, prAcIna gujarAtI evaM prAcIna rAjasthAnI ke sAhitya meM ye saba tathya hamAre sAmane nahIM Ate haiM ? ataH abhI taka prAcIna granthoM ke sampAdana meM jo nIti apanAyI gayI hai vaha ucita hai yA use badalane-sudhArane kI AvazyakatA hai isa viSaya para prAkRta ke anubhavI vidvAn apane-apane vicAra prakaTa kreN| -prAkRta vibhAga gujarAta vizvavidyAlaya ahamadAbAda.