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________________ janmejaya kI mRtyu ke bAda jaba uttara ke nAgavaMzI kSatriyoM ke Aye dina ke hamaloM ne kurukSetra ke kauravoM kI rASTrIya sattA ko chinna-bhinna kara diyA aura saptasindhu deza tathA madhyadeza meM punaH bhArata ke nAgarAja gharAnoM ne apanI-apanI rASTrIya svatantratA ko prApta kiyA to kaurava vaMza kI saMrakSakatA ke abhAva meM vaidika saMskRti ko bahuta dhakkA pahu~cA. gAndhAra se lekara videha taka samasta uttara bhArata meM pahale ke samAna punaH zramaNasaMskRti kA ubhAra ho gayA. isI aitihAsika sthiti kI ora saMketa karate hue hindU purANakAroM ne likhA hai ki bhArata kA prAcIna dharma jo satayuga se jArI rahatA calA AyA hai, tapa aura yogasAdhanA hai. tretAyuga meM sabase pahale yajJoM kA vidhAna huA, dvApara meM inakA hrAsa honA zuru ho gayA aura kaliyuga meM yajJa kA nAma bhI zeSa na rahegA.' manusmRtikAra ne bhI likhA hai ki satayuga kA mAnavadharma tapa hai, tretA kA jJAna hai, dvApara kA yajJa hai, kaliyuga kA dAna hai. isa sambandha meM yaha bAta yAda rakhane yogya hai ki hindU purANaracayitAoM tathA jyotiSa granthakAroM kI mAnyatA ke anusAra kaliyuga kA Arambha mahArAja yudhiSThira ke rAjyArohaNa divasa se ginA jAtA hai. isa rAjyArohaNa kA samaya lagabhaga 1500 I0 pUrva mAnA jAtA hai. 4 3 zrI jayabhagavAna jaina eDavokeTa vedottarakAla meM brahmavidyA kI punarjAgRti isa taraha janmejaya ke bAda rASTrIya saMrakSaNa uTha jAne ke kAraNa aura sAMskRtika vaimanasyoM se Uba kara jaba vaidika RSiyoM kA dhyAna bhArata kI AdhyAtmika saMskRti kI ora gayA, to ve usake ucca Adarza, gambhIra vicAra, saMyamI jIvana aura tyAga tapa- sAdhanA se aise Ananda - vibhora hue ki unameM AtmajJAna ke liye eka adamya jijJAsA kI lahara jAga uThI. aba unheM jIvana aura mRtyu kI samasyAyeM vikala karane lagIM. aba unake mAnasika vyoma meM prazna uThane lage---brahma arthAt jIvAtmA kyA vastu hai ? isakA kyA kAraNa hai ? yaha janma ke samaya kahAM se AtA hai ? yaha mRtyu ke samaya kahAM calA jAtA hai ? kauna isakA AdhAra hai ? kauna isakI pratiSThA hai ? yaha kisa ke sahAre jItA hai ? kisa ke sahAre bar3hatA hai ? kauna isakA adhiSThAtA hai ? kauna ise sukha dukha rUpa vartAtA hai ? kauna ise mAratA aura jilAtA hai. aba Rk, yajuH, sAma, atharva vaidika saMhitAyeM aura zikSA, kalpa, vyAkaraNa, nirukta, chanda, jyotiSa sambandhI SaTka Jain Education Inner 1. mahAbhArata zAnti parva a0 335. 2. tapaH paraM kRtayage tretAyAM jJAnamucyate, dvApare yajJamevAhuH dAnamekaM kalau yuge / manusmRti-- 1-86. 3. mahAbhArata Adi parva 2. 13 / mahAbhArata vana parva 146-38. AryabhaTIyam prathama pAda zloka 3 ( isa grantha kA raciyatA vRddha Arya bhaTa IsA kI pAMcavIM sadI kA mahAn jyotiSajJa haiM). 4. zrIjayacandra vidyAlaMkAra - "bhArata ke itihAsa kI rUparekhA " - jilda 11663, pRSTha 261-263. 5. athAto brahmajijJAsA - brahmasUtra 1. 1. 1. 6. kiM kAraNaM brahma kutaH sma jAtAH jIvAma kena ca saMpratiSThAH, zradhiSThitAH kena sukhetareSu vartAmahe brahmavido vyavasthAm / / -- zvetAzvatara upa0 1. 1. ZE Private & Personal De www.adelitary.org
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________________ jayabhagavAna jaina : vedottarakAla meM brahmavidyA kI punarjAgRti : 485 -0-0--0-0-0--0--0--0--0-0 vidyAe~, jinheM ve amUlya nidhi jAnakara paramparA se par3hate aura par3hAte cale Aye the, unako aparA arthAt sAdhAraNa, laukika vidyAe~ bhAsane lagI.' aba dhana aura suvarNa, gAya aura ghor3e, putra aura pautra, kheta aura jamIna, rAjya va anya laukika sampadAyeM, jinakI prApti, rakSA tathA vRddhi ke liye ve nirantara indra aura agni se prArthanAyeM kiyA karate the, unakI dRSTi meM saba heya tuccha aura sArahIna vastue~ dikhAI dene lagI. aba unake liye AtmavidyA hI parama vidyA bana gayI. AtmA hI dekhane jAnane aura manana karane yogya parama satya ho gayA.2 aba unheM bhAsane lagA ki jo AtmA se bhinna sUrya, indra, vAyu agni Adi devoM kI upAsanA karate haiM ve devoM ke dAsa haiM, ve ladU pazuoM ke samAna devoM ke bhAra ko uThAne vAle vAhana haiM. parantu jo AtmA kI adbhuta vizvavyApI zaktiyoM ko jAnakara AtmA ke upAsaka haiM ve sarvabhU (sarvAntaryAmI), paribhU (vizvavyApI) svayambhU (svatantra) bana jAte haiM, ve AtmajJAnI hI saMsArapUjanIya haiM. yajJa yAga Adi zrauta karma saMsArabandhana kA kAraNa hai aura jJAna mukti kA kAraNa. karma karane se jIva bAra-bAra janma maraNa ke cakkara meM par3atA hai. parantu jJAna ke prabhAva se vaha saMsAra-sAgara se ubhara akSaya paramAtmapada ko pA letA hai. nAsamajha AdamI hI ina karmoM kI prazaMsA karate haiM, isase unheM bAra-bAra zarIra dhAraNa karanA par3atA hai.5 jo jJAna ko tyAga kara vedokta yajJa yajana karma karane vAle haiM, athavA aihika AkAMkSAoM se prerita dAna Adi puNya karma karane vAle haiM, ve saba pitRyAna mArga ke pathika haiM, ve dhUma, kRSNa pakSa, dakSiNAyana patha se pitRloka, candraloka, svarga ko jAte haiM, puNya-avadhi kSINa hone para punaH isI martya-loka meM Akara janma dhAraNa karate haiM. jJAnI jana dvArA ye karma apanAne yogya nahIM haiM. 6 vAtyoM ke prati zrAdara--isa jijJAsA ke phalasvarUpa unakA vrAtyoM aura yatiyoM ke prati Adara aura sahiSNUtA kA vyavahAra bar3hane lagA. brAhmaNa RSiyoM ne gRhastha logoM ke liye yaha niyama kara diyA ki jaba kabhI vrAtya (vratadhArI sAdhu) athavA zramaNajana ghUmate-phirate hue AhAra-pAna ke liye unake ghara AveM to unake sAtha atyanta vinaya kA vyavahAra kiyA jAve, yahAM taka ki yadi unake Ane ke samaya gRhapati agnihotra meM vyasta ho to gRhapati ko agnihotra kA upakrama chor3a kara unakA Atithya satkAra karanA adhika phaladAyaka hai." brahmavidyA kI khoja-jJAna kI isa adamya pyAsa se vyAkula ho aneka prasiddha RSikuloM ke pUrNa zikSA prApta navayuvaka ghara-bAra chor3a brahmavidyA kI khoja meM nikala gaye. ve dUra-dUra kI yAtrAyeM karate hue, jaMgaloM kI khAka chAnate hue, gAndhAra se videha taka, pAMcAla se yamadeza taka, vibhinna dezoM meM vicarate hue, brahmavidyA ke purAne jAnakAra kSatriya gharAnoM meM pahuMcane lage. ve vahAM ziSya bhAva se Thahara kara indriyasaMyama, brahmacarya, tapa, tyAga aura svAdhyAya kA jIvana bitAne lage. inakI isa apUrva jijJAsA, mahAn udyama aura rahasyamaya saMvAdoM ke AkhyAna bhAratIya bAGmaya ke jina graMthoM meM surakSita haiM ve upaniSat saMjJA se prasiddha haiM. yoM to ye upaniSat saMkhyA meM 208 se bhI adhika haiM parantu aitihAsika dRSTi se 11 mukhya 1. tatrAparA Rgvedo yajurvedaH sAmavedo'tharvavedaH zikSA kalpo vyAkaraNaM niruktaM chando jyotiSmati. atha parA yathA tadakSaramadhigamyate. -muNDaka upaniSad 1 pR0 5. 2. AtmA vA are draSTavyaH zrotavyo mantabyo nididhyAsitavyaH / (yAjJavalkya dvArA diyA huA upadeza) bahadAraNyaka upaniSad 2, 4, 5. 3. vRhadAraNyaka upaniSat-1, 4. 6, 10. 4. tasmAdAtmajJaM yacaMyed bhuutikaamH|-munnddk upa0 3-1-10. 5. muNDaka upaniSat 1, 2, 711, 2,10 mahAbhArata zAnti parva a0 241, 1.10. 6. (ka) yAskAcArya praNIta nirukta, pariziSTa 2,8, 6. (kha) chAMdogya upaniSad nirukta 5, 10, 3-7. (rA) prazna upa01-6. (gha) bhagavadgItA 1-6, 20, 21. 7. atharvaveda-kANDa 15-sUkta 1 (11), 1 (12), 1 (13). anp anti Jain Educator JAWAHARMedia CLPIU MINGH M INISTI... HARIHAmtih.NIH . MHILA.. Miljal... ...tillITHun.AIRTILIA
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________________ ---------- - ----- 456 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya upaniSat - Iza, kena, kaTha, prazra, muNDaka, mANDUkya, aitareya, taittarIya, chAndogya, bRhadAraNyaka aura zvetAzvatara adhika prAmANika haiM. cUMki ina upaniSadoM meM mahAbhArata kAla se lekara buddha, mahAvIrakAla taka kI vaidika aura zramaNa do maulika saMskRtiyoM ke sammelana kI kathA aMkita hai.' cUMki inameM jijJAsu RSiyoM kI sarala vicAraNA, satyaparAyaNatA aura tatkAlIna AdhyAtmika zikSA-dIkSA ke jIte-jAgate citra diye gae haiM, cUMki ina meM Arya RSiyoM ke tattvajJAna kA aMtima niSkarSa diyA huA hai jo vedAntadarzana ke nAma se prasiddha hai, cUMki ye Adhunika hindU darzanazAstra ke mUlAdhAra haiM, inhIM kA dohana karake 200 bI0 sI0 ke lagabhaga zuMga kAla meM gItA kA vikAsa huA hai, inhIM kA dohana karake 200 bI0 sI0 ke lagabhaga bAdarAyaNa RSi ke nAma se brahmasUtra kI racanA kI gaI hai, isaliye inakA bhAratIya sAhitya meM eka amUlya sthAna hai. buddha aura mahAvIra se pahale kI bhAratIya saMskRti kI jAMca karane ke liye inakA adhyayana bahuta hI Avazyaka hai. usa jamAne kI zikSApaddhati ke anusAra ina upaniSadoM kI kathanazailI AlaMkArika hai. tattva-bodha ke liye nitya anubhava meM AnevAlI prAkRtika vastuoM ko pratIka rUpa meM (Symbols) prayukta kiyA gayA hai. jagaha-jagaha yAjJika paribhASAoM ko bhI kAma meM lAyA gayA hai: AdhyAtmika AkhyAnoM ko rUpakoM kI (Parables) zakla meM peza kiyA gayA hai. isa kAraNa pichale AcAryoM ko inheM apane-apane sAmpradAyika sA~ce meM DhAlane ke liye inakI vyAkhyA karane meM khIMcAtAnI karane kI bahuta suvidhA mila gaI hai. isa khIMcAtAnI ke kAraNa hI dArzanika yuga meM brAhmaNa AcAryoM ne kitane hI naye vedAnta darzanoM ko janma diyA hai. kucha bhI ho, yaha bAta nirvivAda siddha hai ki usa jamAne ke RSiyoM kI kathanazailI dArzanika aura vaijJAnika DhaMga kI na thI. usa samaya brahmajJAna ke prasAra meM pippalAda, nArAyaNa, zvetaketu, bhRgu, vAmadeva, aMgirasa yAjJavalkya Adi RSiyoM ke alAvA jina kSatriya rAjAoM ne bar3A bhAga liyA hai, ve haiM kaikeyadeza ke azvapati, pAMcAla dezake pravAhaNa jaibali, kAzIke ajAtazatru, videha ke janaka aura dakSiNa dezake vaivasvata yama Adi. isake AkhyAnoM ke kucha namUne yahAM uddhRta kiye jAte haiM. pravAhaNa jayabali kI kathA-eka vAra aruNi-gautama RSi kA putra zvetaketu pAMcAla deza ke kSatriyoM kI sabhA meM gayA. taba pAMcAla ke rAjA pravAhaNa jayabali ne usa ko kahA-he kumAra ! kyA tujhe tere pitA ne zikSA dI hai ? yaha sunakara usane uttara diyA-hA~ bhagavan ! usane mujhe zikSA dI hai. rAjA ne kahA-he zvetaketu ! jisa prakAra mara kara prajAe~ paraloka ko jAtI haiM, kyA tU use jAnatA hai ? usane kahA-bhagavan ! maiM nahIM jAnatA. rAjA ne kahA-jisa prakAra se prajAyeM punaH janma letI haiM kyA tU use jAnatA hai ? usane kahA-bhagavan ! maiM nahIM jAnatA. rAjA ne pUchA-kyA tU devayAna aura pitRyAna ke mArgoM kI vibhinnatA ko jAnatA hai ? usane kahA-bhagavan ! maiM nahIM jAnatA. usake bAda rAjA ne phira pUchA-jisa prakAra yaha loka aura paraloka kabhI jIvoM se nahIM bharatA, kyA tUuse jAnatA hai ? usase kahA-bhagavan ! maiM nahIM jAnatA. rAjA ne phira pUchA-jisa prakAra garbha meM puruSAkRti bana jAtI hai, kyA tU use jAnatA hai ? usane kahA-bhagavan ! maiM nahIM jAnatA. tadanantara rAjA ne kahA-jo manuSya ina praznoM kA uttara nahIM jAnatA vaha kisa bhAMti apane ko suzikSita kaha sakatA hai ? isa prakAra pravAhaNa rAjA se parAsta ho vaha zvetaketu apane pitA aruNi ke sthAna para gayA aura kahane lagAApane mujhe vinA zikSA diye hue hI yaha kaise kaha diyA ki mujhe zikSA de dI gaI hai ? rAjA ne mujhase pAMca prazna pUche, parantu maiM unameM se eka kA bhI uttara dene meM samartha na ho sakA. taba aruNi bolA--maiM bhI ina praznoM kA uttara nahIM jAnatA. yadi maiM inakA uttara jAnatA hotA to tumheM kaise na batAtA ! 3. A. Upnishads are the product of the Aryan and Drividian intermixture of Cultures. --Keith-Religion and Philosophy of the Vedas and Upnishads. Page 447. B. Dr. Winternitz-History of Indian Literature. Vol. I. P. 226-244. 2. chAndogya upaniSat 5-3. bRhadAraNyaka upaniSat 62. Gary.org
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________________ jayabhagavAna jaina : vedottarakAla brahmavidyA kI punarjAgRti : 487 usake bAda vaha aruNi gautama una praznoM kA uttara jAnane ke liye rAjA pravAhaNa ke pAsa gayA. rAjA ne use Asana de pAnI maMgavAyA aura usakA arghya kiyA. tatpazcAt rAjA ne kahA-he pUjya gautama ! manuSya yogya dhana kA vara mAMgo. yaha sunakara gautama ne kahA-he rAjan ! manuSya dhana terA hI dhana hai, mujhe nahIM cAhie. mujhe to vaha vArtA batA de jo tUne mere putra se kahI thI. gautama kI yaha prArthanA suna rAjA soca meM par3a gayA. soca-vicAra karane para usane RSi se kahA--yadi yahI vara cAhie to cirakAla taka vrata dhAraNa karake mere pAsa raho. niyata sAdhanA karane para rAjA ne use kahA-he gautama ! jisa vidyA ko tU lenA cAhatA hai, use maiM aba dene ko taiyAra hUM, parantu yaha vidyA pUrva kAla meM tujha se pahale brAhmaNoM ko prApta nahIM hotI thI, cUMki sAre dezoM meM kSatriyoM kA hI zAsana thA. kSatriya kSatriyoM ko hI sikhAte the.' yaha kahakara rAjA ne pAMca praznoM kA rahasya gautama ko batAnA zurU kara diyA. paNDita jayacanda vidyAlaMkAra aura DA0 pArjITara ke kathanAnusAra pAMcAla nareza pravAhaNa jaibali-janmejaya ke pautra azvamedha datta arthAt pANDavaputra arjuna kI pAMcavIM pIr3hI ke samakAlIna thA. isa taraha ukta vArtA kA samaya lagabhaga 14 sau IsavI pUrva honA cAhie. kaikeya azvapati kI kathA-kaikeya deza kA rAjA azvapati parIkSita aura janmejaya kA samakAlIna thA. kaikeya deza (Adhunika zAhapura jehalama gujarAta jilA) gAndhAra se ThIka pUrva meM saTA huA hai. kaikeya azvapati kI kIrti usakI sundara rAjyavyavasthA aura usake jJAna ke kAraNa saba ora phailI huI thI. eka bAra kA kathana hai ki upamanyu kA putra, prAcIna zAla, puluSi kA putra satyayajJa, mAlavI kA putra indradyumana, zarkarAkSa kA putra jana aura azvatarAzvi kA putra buDila jo bar3I-bar3I zAlAoM ke adhyakSa the aura mahAjJAnI the, Apasa meM milakara vicArane lage 'hamArA AtmA kauna hai ? brahma kyA vastu hai?' unhoMne nizcaya kiyA ki ina praznoM kA uttara varuNavaMzIya uddAlaka RSi hI de sakatA hai, vaha hI isa samaya AtmA ke jJAna ko jAnatA hai, calo usake pAsa caleM. una AgantukoM ko dekha uddAlaka RSi ne vicAra kiyA ki ye sabhI RSi mahAzAlA vAle haiM aura mahAzrotriya haiM, una ko uttara dene ke liye maiM samartha nahIM hU~. usane kahA ki isa samaya kaikeya azvapati hI AtmA kA saba prakAra jJAtA hai, Ao usake pAsa caleM. vahAM pahuMcane para azvapati ne unakA satkAra kiyA aura kahA : 'mere deza meM na koI cora hai, na kRpaNa, na zarAbI, na agnihotra rahita, na koI apar3ha hai aura na vyabhicArI, vyabhicAriNI to hogI hI kahAM se ?' Apa isa puNya deza meM ThahareM. maiM yajJa karane vAlA hU~. Apa usameM Rtvija baneM, maiM Apako bahuta dakSiNA dUMgA. unhoMne kahAhama Apase dakSiNA lene nahIM Aye haiM, hama to Apase AtmajJAna lene Aye haiM. azvapati ne unheM agale dina savere upadeza dene kA vAyadA kiyA. agale dina prAtaHkAla ve samidhAe~ hAthoM meM liye usake pAsa pahu~ce aura azvapati ne unheM AtmajJAna diyA. ajAtazatru kI kathA-kAzInareza ajAtazatru, videha ke rAjA janaka ugrasena tathA kururAja janamejaya ke putra zatAnIka kA samakAlIna thA. vaha apane samaya kA eka mAnA huA AtmajJAnI thA aura jJAna kI carcA meM abhiruci rakhane vAle vidvAnoM kA bhakta thA. eka bAra AtmavidyAbhimAnI gargagotrIya dRpta bAlAki nAma vAlA brAhmaNa RSi uzInara (bahAvala pura kA pradeza) matsya (jayapura rAjya) kUru (meraTha jilA) pAMcAla, (ruhelakhaNDa, AgarA kA ilAkA) kAzI, videha, 1. 'saha kRcchI babhUva. ta ha ciraM vasetyAjJApayAMcakAra. te ho kAcayathA mAM tvaM gautamAvado yatheyaM na prAk tvata: purA vidhA brAhmaNAn gacchati. tasmAt sarveSu lokepu kSatrasyaiva prazAsanamabhUditi. -chAM0 upa0 5-3-7. 2. bhAratIya itihAsa kI rUparekhA-jilda prathama, pRSTha 286. 3. chA0 upa05-11, 12. mahAbhArata zAntiparva adhyAya 77. 4. bhAratIya itihAsa kI rUparekhA. jilda prathama, pR0 286. 5. (a) bRhadAraNyaka upaniSat 2, 1. (A) kauSItaki brAhmaNopaniSat adhyAya 4.
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________________ ___: muni zrIhajArImala smRpti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya (tirahuta, vihAra) meM se ghUmatA huA kAzIrAja ajAtazatru ke pAsa AtmacarcA ke liye pahuMcA aura kahane lagA ki maiM tujhe brahma kI bAta batAU~gA. ajAtazatru ne kahA ki yadi tuma brahma kI vyAkhyA kara pAoge to maiM tumheM eka hajAra gAyeM dakSiNA meM dUMgA. gArya ne vyAkhyA karanI cAhI parantu vaha saphala na huA. usakA Aja taka kA zikSaNa Adhidaivika paramparA meM huA thA. ataH svabhAvata: usakI dRSTi bAhyamukhI thI. usane bAhya ke mahimAvAna padArthoM meM brahma kA sAkSAtkAra karate hue kahA-'yaha jo sUryamaNDala meM puruSa hai, yaha jo candramaNDala meM puruSa hai, yaha jo vidyunmaNDala meM puruSa hai, yaha jo meghamaNDala meM puruSa hai, yaha jo AkAzamaNDala meM puruSa hai, yaha jo vAyumaNDala meM puruSa hai, yaha jo agnimaNDala meM puruSa hai, yaha jo janamaNDala meM puruSa hai, yaha jo darpaNa meM puruSa hai, yaha jo prativvani meM puruSa hai, yaha jo chAyA meM puruSa hai, isI kI maiM brahmarUpa se upAsanA karatA hUM. yaha jo zarIra hai, yaha jo prajJA hai, yaha jo dAhine netra meM puruSa hai, yaha jo bAyeM netra meM puruSa hai, isI kI maiM brahmarUpa se upAsanA karatA hUM.' itanA kucha kahane para ajAtazatru ne kahA ki kyA itanA hI terA brahmajJAna hai ? isa para gArgya ne kahA-'hAM itanA hI.' taba ajAtazatru ne kahA ki tU vRthA hI mujha se brahma kA saMvAda karane AyA hai, inameM se koI bhI brahma nahIM hai. ye saba to usake karma mAtra haiM. inakA jo kartA hai vaha jAnane yogya hai. tadanantara hAtha meM samidhA le usake pAsa jAkara bolA-'maiM tere pAsa ziSya bhAva se AyA haM, tU mujhe AtmavidyA kA upadeza de taba ajAtazatru ne use batAyA ki jaise kSuradhAna meM kSura, kASTha meM agni sarvatra vyApta hai, aise hI zarIra meM nakha se zikhA taka AtmA vyApta hai. usa sAkSI AtmA kA ye vAk, mana, netra, karNa pAdi sabhI indriyAM anugata sevaka kI taraha anusaraNa karatI haiM. jaise eka dhanI puruSa kA usake Azrita rahane vAle svajana anuvartana karate haiM. sote samaya ye sabhI zaktiyAM AtmA meM lIna ho jAtI haiM aura usake jAgane para agni meM se nikalane vAlI cinagAriyoM ke samAna ye samasta zaktiyAM nikala kara apane-apane kAma meM laga jAtI haiM. sanatkumAra kI kathA'--eka samaya nArada mahAtmA ne sanatkumAra ke pAsa jAkara kahA-'he bhagavan ! mujhe brahmavidyA par3hAiye.' sanatkumAra ne usako kahA- 'pahale jo kucha tU jAnatA hai, mere samIpa baiThakara mujhe sunAde. usake bAda maiM tujhe batAUMgA.' nArada ne kahA--'bhagavan ! maiM Rgveda ko jAnatA hUM, yajurveda ko, sAmaveda ko, cauthe atharvaveda ko, pAMcaveM itihAsa-purANa ko, vedoM ke veda vyAkaraNa ko, pitRvijJAna ko, gaNita zAstra ko, bhAgyavijJAna ko, nidhijJAna ko, tarkazAstra ko, nItizAstra ko, devavidyA ko, bhaktizAstra ko, bhUtavidyA ko, dhanuvidyA ko, jyotiSa, sarpavidyA, saMgIta, nRtyavidyA ko jAnatA hUM. he bhagavan ! ina samasta vidyAoM se sampanna maiM mantravit hI hUM parantu AtmA kA jJAtA nahIM hUM. maiMne Apa jaise mahApuruSoM se sunA hai ki jo Atmavit hotA hai vaha janma-maraNa ke zoka ko tara jAtA hai, parantu bhagavan ! maiM abhI taka zoka meM DUbA huA hUM. mujhe zoka se pAra kara deveM.' sanatkumAra ne nArada se kahA-'tumane Ajataka jo kucha adhyayana kiyA hai vaha nAma mAtra hI hai. isake uparAnta sanatkumAra ne AtmavidyA dekara nArada ko santuSTa kiyA. vaivasvata yama aura naciketA kI gAthA-kaTha upaniSat meM audAlika AruNi gautama ke putra naciketA RSi kI eka kathA dI huI hai. eka bAra naciketA, jo janma se hI bar3A tyAgI aura vicArazIla thA, apane pitA ke saMkucita vyavahAra se rUTha kara bhAga gayA. vaha zAntilAbha ke liye vaivasvata yama ke ghara pahuMcA, para usa samaya vaivasvata bAhara gayA huA thA. usake bAhara jAne ke kAraNa naciketA ko tIna rAta bhUkhA rahanA par3A. vApisa Ane para ghara meM bhUkhe atithi ko dekhakara yama ko bar3A kheda huA. apane doSa kI nivRtti yama ne naciketA ko tIna rAta ke kaSTa ke badale tIna vara mAMgane ke liye kahA. naciketA ke mA~ge huye pahale do vara yama ne use turanta hI diye. phira naciketA ne tIsarA bara isa prakAra mAMgA'yaha jo marane ke bAda manuSya ke viSaya meM sandeha hai--koI kahate haiM ki rahatA hai, koI koI kahate haiM ki nahIM rahatA, yaha Apa mujhe samajhAdeM ki asala bAta kyA hai ? yahI merA tIsarA vara hai. isa vara ko sunakara yama bolA-'isa viSaya meM to purAne devajana arthAt viprajana bhI sandeha karate rahe haiM isakA jAnanA 1. chAMdogya upaniSad, sAtavAM prapAThaka pahalA khaNDa. Jain EU Dorary.org
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________________ jayabhagavAna jaina : vedottarakAla meM brahmavidyA kI punarjAgati : 486 4-0-0-0-0----------- sugama nahIM hai. yaha viSaya bahuta sUkSma hai. naciketA ! tuma koI dUsarA vara mAMga lo, ise chor3a do, mujhe bahuta vivaza na karo.' isa para naciketA ne kahA--'nizcaya se hI yadi devoM ne bhI isameM sandeha kiyA hai aura Apa svayaM bhI ise sugama nahIM kahate to Apa jaisA isakA vaktA dUsarA kauna mila sakatA hai, isake samAna dUsarA vara bhI kyA ho sakatA hai ?' yama ne parIkSArtha yaha jAnane ke liye ki naciketA AtmajJAna kA adhikArI hai yA nahIM, use bahuta se pralobhana diye. he naciketA! tU sau varSa kI Ayu vAle putra aura pautra mAMga. bahuta se pazu, hAthI, ghor3e aura sonA mAMga, bhUmi kA bahuta bar3A .. bhAga mAMga aura jabataka tU jInA cAhe utanI Ayu kA vara mAMga. tU isa vizAla bhUmi kA rAjA bana jA. jo bhI kAmanAyeM tU isa loka meM durlabha samajha rahA hai ve sabhI jI kholakara tU mujha se mAMga. rathoM aura bAjoM sahita ye alabhya ramaNiyAM terI sevA ke liye detA hUM. ina sabhI vastuoM ko le le, parantu he naciketA! marane ke anantara kI bAta mujha se na pUcha.' para naciketA ina pralobhanoM se tanika bhI bhrama meM na par3A. vaha bolA-'he yama ! ye saba upabhoga ke sAmAna do dina ke haiM, ye saba indriyoM kA teja naSTa karane vAle haiM. jIvana alpakAla taka hI rahane vAlA hai. isaliye ye saba nAca-gAna, hAthIghor3e mujhe nahIM cAhie, dhana se kabhI tRpti nahIM hotI. mujhe to vahI vara cAhie.' naciketA kI isa saccI lagana ko dekha yama vivaza ho gayA. usane anta meM janma-maraNa sambandhI AtmajJAna de naciketA ke chaTapaTAye hue dila ko zAnti dI. uparokta kathA meM jisa naciketA kA ullekha hai vaha kaTha jAti kA brAhmaNa mAlUma hotA hai. prAcIna kAla meM yaha jAti paMjAba ke uttara kI ora rAvI nadI se pUrva vAle deza meM, jise Ajakala mAMjhA (lAhaura, amRtasara vAlA deza) kahate haiM, rahA karatI thI. isI kAraNa isa deza kA purAnA nAma kaTha hai.' uparyukta kathA ke samaya yaha jAti madhyadeza arthAt AryakhaNDa meM basI huI thI. yama aura yamaloka-vaivasvata yama, jisake pAsa naciketA jJAna-prApti ke liye gayA thA, usa magadha dezavAsI sUryavaMzI yama zAkhA kA eka kSatriya rAjA mAlUma hotA hai, jisane madhyadeza ke dakSiNa kI ora eka svatantra janapada kAyama kara liyA thA. jaina paramparA ke anusAra isa zAkhA kA mUla saMsthApaka Adi brahmA vRSabha apara nAma vivasvata manu kA putra bAhubalI thA. Adi brahmA ne pravrajyA lene se pahale bhAratabhUmi kA baMTavArA kara uttara bhArata kA rAjya apane jyeSTha putra bharata ko aura dakSiNa kA bhAga bAhubalI ko de diyA thA. bAhubalI ne dakSiNa ke azamaka (karNATaka) deza ke podanapura sthAna para apanI rAjadhAnI basA lI thI. bAhubalI pIche se rAjya chor3a tyAgI tapasvI ho gayA thA aura usane eka sAla paryanta kAyotsarga mudrA meM khar3e rahakara mana vacana kAya tathA samasta indriyoM ke yamana dvArA aisI ghora tapasyA kI thI ki use dekha kara deva, asura, manuSya sabhI loga cakita ho gaye the. usa tapasyA ke dvArA usane yama va mRtyu kA sadA ke liye anta kara diyA thA. vaha mRtyu kI mRtyu bana gayA thA. isaliye vaha loka meM yama nAma se prasiddha huA aura pIche se isa zAkhA ke rAjA yama va jama ke hI nAma se pukAre jAne lage. isa taraha yaha unakI eka paramparAgata upAdhi bana gaI aura karNATaka deza yamaloka ke nAmase prasiddha huA. isIlie bhAratIya anuzruti meM dakSiNa kA adhiSThAtA devatA yama kahA gayA hai, yama pIche 1. jayacanda vidyAlaMkAra-bhAratIya itihAsa ko rUparekhA prathama jilda pR0 260. 2. (ka) vindhayagiri parvata kA zilAlekha-lagabhaga zaka saM01102 vAlA jaina zilAzekhasaMgraha prathama bhAga pR0 166-175. (kha) nava sadI kA zrIguNabhadrAcArya viracita uttarapurANa, (ga) chaThI sadI ke pUjyapAda svAmI ne apane nirvANa bhakti grantha meM vimdhyagiri ke podanapura nagara kA siddhatIrtha ke rUpa meM ullekha kiyA hai. (gha) vi0 saM01285 kA zrImadanakIrti yati dvArA racita zAsanacaturviMzikA / 2 / 3. atharvaveda 8.10, 4, 6, meM yama ko mRtyu kA Adi antaka kahA gayA hai aura use pitaroM meM sabase pramukha pitra batAyA gayA hai. usakA svadhA zabda pUrvaka zrAddha karane ko kahA gayA hai. 4. bRhadAraNyaka upaniSat 3. 6, 21. Jain Education
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________________ ------------------0-0--0- 460 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya se kisI vizeSa vyakti kA nAma na rahakara usa zAkhA ke rAjAoM kI upAdhi bana gaI thI. sUryavaMzI kSatriyoM kI yaha yama zAkhA apanI dAna-dakSiNA, nyAyazIlatA aura jJAnacarcA ke liye bahuta prasiddha thI. isI kAraNa isa zAkhA kA ullekha zatapatha brAhmaNa 13, 4, 3, 6.' aura Rgveda ke dasaveM maNDala ke dasaveM sUkta tathA atharva 18 kANDa ke pahale sUkta meM bhI bhI milatA hai. ukta ullekhoM se yama logoM kI jJAnalipsA va sabhyatA kA paryApta paricaya prApta hotA hai. IrAna kI dharmapustaka chanda-avastA (Zend Avesta) meM yama ko mitra kahA gayA hai tathA yama ko prathama rAjA evaM dharma aura sabhyatA kA saMsthApaka batalAyA gayA hai. vahAM yaha bhI ullikhita hai ki sadAcArI loga mitra ke sAtha ahuramajada (asuramahatavRSabha) kA bhI darzana karate haiM. vaidika sAhitya ke anurUpa hI chanda avasta meM yama ke pitA kA nAma viyasvata (visvata) diyA huA hai aura yamapurI ko dharmAtmA logoM kI nivAsabhUmi batalAyA gayA hai. adhyAtmavidyA kI zikSA-dIkSA paddhati-ullikhita AkhyAnoM se yaha spaSTa hai ki bhArata meM adhyAtma vidyA ke vAstavika jAnakAra kSatriya loga the. paramparA se unhIM logoM meM adhyAtma tattvoM kA manana hotA calA A rahA thA aura unhIM ke mahApuruSa ghara-bAra chor3a bhikSu bana jaMgaloM meM rahate hue tapa dhyAna zraddhA dvArA Atma-sAdhanA kiyA karate the.' unhoMne yaha vidyA usa samaya taka brAhmaNa logoM ko na dI jaba taka unheM parIkSA karake yaha vizvAsa na ho gayA ki ve (brAhmaNa) loga zuddha buddhi namrabhAva evaM ziSya vRtti se ise grahaNa karane ke liye utsuka haiM. adhyAtmabodha pAne ke liye parigraha se virakti aura mana vacana kAya kI zuddhi kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| isI sAdhanA ke artha pAtaMjalayoga darzana meM yama, niyama, Asana, prANAyAma, pratyAhAra, dhAraNA, dhyAna aura samAdhi rUpa aSTAMga mArga kI vyAkhyA kI gaI hai. adhyAtmavidyA anadhikArI ke hAthoM meM par3akara dUSita na ho jAya. isa vicAra se adhyAtmavAdI kSatriyoM kA sadA yaha niyama rahA hai ki yaha vidyA zraddhAlu aura zAntacita ziSyoM ke sivAya kisI aura ko na dI jAya, cAhe vaha sAgara se ghirI dhanapUrNa sampUrNa pRthvI bhI puraskAra meM dene ko taiyAra ho. isI kAraNa upaniSadoM meM adhyAtmavidyA ko rahasyavidyA va guhyavidyA kahA gayA hai. svayaM upaniSat (upa+niSat) zabda kA artha hai pUjya puruSoM ke caraNoM meM raha kara unake sAnnidhya se prApta hone vAlI vidyA, arthAt vaha rahasya vidyA jo guru ke nikaTa raha kara sAkSAt unakI vANI aura jIvana se grahaNa kI jAtI hai. isa prakAra vinIta, zraddhAlu aura antevAsI ziSyoM ko ekAnta meM maukhika rUpa se AdhyAtmika zikSA dene kI prathA kevala upaniSatkAla meM hI pracalita na thI, balki yaha prathA bhArata ke zaiva, zAkta, jaina, bauddha Adi adhyAtmavAdI logoM meM Aja taka bhI pracalita hai. isI prathA kA phala hai ki Aja se pacAsa varSa pahale 1. yamo vaivasvato rAjenyAha0 zata-bA0 13, 4, 3, 6 arthAt vivasvata ke putra yama rAjA ne kahA hai. 2. tapaH zraddhe ye hyapavasantyaraNye zAntA vidvAMso bhecyacaryA carantaH / sUryadvAreNa te virajAH prayAnti yatrAmRtaH sa puruSo hyavyayAtmA / muNDaka upa0 1, 2,11 / / 3. vibhetyalpazrutAd vedo, mAmayaM prahariSyati-mahAbhArata, Adiparva 1-267, arthAt veda alpazruta se DaratA hai ki kahIM yaha mujhe bigAr3a na de. 4. (a) vedAntaM paramaM guhya, purAkAle pracoditam / nAprazAntAya dAtavyaM nAputrAya ziSyAya vA punaH / yasya deve parA bhaktiryathA deve tathA gurau / tasyaite kathitAsyArthAH prakAzante mahAtmanaH / / zvetAzvatara upa06-22-23. (A) idaM vAva tajyeSThAya putrAya pitA brahma prabrUyAt, prANAdhyAya vAntevAsine | nAnyasmai kasmaicana, yadyaSyasyA imAmaddhi : parigRhItAM dhanasya pUrNAM dadyAt , etadeva tato bhUya ityetadeva tato bhUya iti-chAndogya upa03-11-5-6. (i) muNDaka upaniSad-3, 2,10 / 1, 2, 13 . (I) yAskAcAryakRta nirukta 2-1. Jain Educa S .org
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________________ 6-6-6-6-6-6--0--0--0-6 jayabhagavAna jaina : vedottarakAla meM brahmavidyA kI punarjAgRti :: 461 taka avinaya ke bhaya se jaina vidvAnoM ko apanA sAhitya dUsaroM ko dikhAnA yA use mudrita karAnA taka bhI sahya, ne thA. isI kAraNa jaina sAhitya kA paricaya bAhara ke vidvAnoM ko Aja taka bahuta kama ho pAyA hai. prazna ho sakatA hai ki ye jijJAsu brAhmaNa vidvAna brahmavidyA sIkhane ke liye una vanavAsI tyAgI tapasvI yatiyoM ke pAsa kyoM nahIM gaye jo sAkSAt dharmamUrti aura brahmavidyA kI nidhi the? unheM chor3a kara ve gRhastha kSatriya rAjAoM ke pAsa kyoM gaye ? isakA uttara sambhavataH yahI ho sakatA hai ki brAhmaNa jana usa samaya brahmavidyA kI khoja meM na kevala adhyAtmadhanI kSatriya kuloM meM pratyuta yatiyoM ke pAsa bhI pahuMca rahe the, parantu jo jijJAsu yatiyoM ke samparka meM Aye, ve brahmavidyA ke jJAnamAtra se santuSTa na hokara svayaM yatiyoM ke samAna AtmasAdhanA meM laga gaye. unhoMne brahmavidyA ke tattvoM ko saMkalana karane aura sAhityika rUpa meM peza karane kA koI yatna nahIM kiyA. kevala ve vidvAn hI jo kSatriyagharAnoM se brahmavidyA grahaNa karane ke bAda bhI gRhastha jIvana bitAte rahe, ina tattvoM ko AkhyAnoM ke rUpa meM surakSita rakhane kA parizrama karate rahe. isa kAraNa upaniSadoM meM unake AkhyAna Aja bhI upalabdha haiM. lipibodha aura likhita sAhitya-sindha aura paMjAba ke mohanajodar3o aura har3appA Adi purAne nagaroM ke khaMDaharoM se prApta moharoM ke abhilekhoM se yaha siddha hai ki bhAratIya loga IsA pUrva 3000 varSa se bhI pahale lipividyA aura lekhanakalA se bhalIbhAMti paricita the, parantu jaisA ki anya pramANoM se siddha hai, ve isa lekhanakalA kA prayoga AdhyAtmika tattvoM tathA paurANika gAthAoM ke saMkalana ke hetu na karake kevala mudrAMkana va laukika vyavasAya ke liye hI karate the.' adhyAtmavidyA ke pracAra aura prasAra ke liye ve maukhika zabdoM se hI kAma lete the aura ziSya-praziSya paramparA se hI vaha maukhika jJAna agrasara hotA jAtA thA. isIlie usa kAla meM vividha vidyAoM tathA dhArmika aura paurANika tathyoM kA bodha zruti va zrutajJAna ke nAma se prasiddha thA. athavA guru-ziSya paramparA se vidyAoM ke padoM ko bAra-bAra ghokha kara jabAnI yAda rakhA jAtA thA. isalie abhyAsa dvArA jabAnI yAda rakhI huI vidyA ko AmnAya kahA jAtA thA. prAcIna bhAratIya sAhitya meM dharmazikSaNa sambandhI graMthalekhana va paThana kA koI ullekha nahIM milatA-kevala pravacana aura zravaNa kA hI ullekha milatA hai. (kaTha0 upa0 2-2-23) jo zrotA saMtoM kI saMgata meM rahakara pravacana sunane meM praryApta samaya bitAte the, ve dIrghazruta va bahuzruta kahalAte the. (chAMdo0 10-7-32) dUsarI IsvI sadI ke prasiddha jaina graMtha tattvArtha sUtra 6-25 taka meM svAdhyAya ke aMgoM kA varNana karate hue vAcanA pRcchA, anuprekSA, AmnAya aura dharmopadeza kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, paThana kA nahIM. jaisA ki yUnAnI dUta maigAsthanIja ke vRttAntoM se vidita hai, IsA se 300 varSa pUrva maurya zAsanakAla taka bhAratIya logoM ke pAsa apane koI likhe kAnUna taka maujUda na the. isI taraha bauddha AcAryoM ne yadyapi apane AgamasAhitya ko 240 IsA pUrva meM saMkalita kara liyA thA parantu isa samaya ke bahuta bAda taka bhI ve likhita sAhitya kA sRjana na kara sake. bhArata meM sabase purAne dhArmika abhilekha, jo Aja taka upalabdha ho pAye haiM ve haiM jo azoka kI dharmalipi ke nAma se prasiddha haiM. ye samrATa azoka ne apane zAsana kAla meM tIsarI sadI IsvI pUrva stambhoM va zilA-khaNDoM para aMkita karAye the. likhita sAhitya ke abhAva ke kaI kAraNa ho sakate haiM. eka to yogya lekhana sAmagrI aura khAsakara kAgaja kA abhAva, dUsare vidvAnoM kI mahattvAkAMkSA aura saMkIrNatA ki kahIM dUsare bhI par3ha likha kara una jaise vidvAn na bana jAveM. tIsare zikSA-dIkSA kI prAcIna paddhati. Upara vAle kAraNoM meM se tIsarA kAraNa hI isa abhAva kA pramukha kAraNa mAnA jAtA hai. zikSA-dIkSA kI isa prAcIna paddhati ke kAraNa hI bhArata ke tattvavettA kSatriya vidvAnoM ne likhita racanAyeM karane kA prayAsa nahIM kiyA. adhyAtmavidyA hI kyA, itihAsavidyA, purANa vidyA, sarpavidyA, pizAcavidyA, asuravidyA, vizvavidyA, aMgirasa vidyA, bhUtavidya, pitRvijJAna, brahmavidyA, zabdoccAraNa vidyA, gAthA Adi bhArata kI aneka purAnI vidyAoM kA 1. Dr. winternitiz-History of Indian Literature Vol. I, Introduction. pp. 31-40. 2. Ancient India as described by Megsthnees-by Macrindle, 1877, p. 69. 3. kucha vidvAnoM kA yaha mata hai ki ye samasta abhilekha azoka ke nahIM balki inameM kucha usake pautra samrATa samprati ke haiM. Jain Ecatio internal Forvate persoa w.sineNary.org
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________________ -0-0-0--0-0-0-0-0-0-0 42 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : dvitIya adhyAya bhI, jinakA nAma mAtra prasaMgavaza vaidika vAGmaya' meM milatA hai aura jinakA savistAra nirdeza jaina vAGmaya ke 14 pUrvo ke kathana meM diyA huA hai, koI likhita sAhitya maujUda nahIM hai. ati (zruti jJAna) kI paramparA vaidika sUktoM se bhI ati prAcIna hai-vaidika paramparA meM sAdhAraNatayA vedasaMhitAoM, brAhma AraNyaka aura upaniSadoM ko zruti kI saMjJA dI jAtI hai aura taduparAnta zeSa hindu sAhitya ko, jisameM zrotra sUtra, grahma sUtra, kalpasUtra, smRtigraMtha Adi sammilita haiM, una sabhI ko smRti kI saMjJA dI jAtI hai, parantu vAstava meM inameM se koI bhI racanA 'zruti' kahalAne kI adhikArI nahIM hai. bhArata kI sabhI prAcIna vaidika tathA zramaNa anuzrutiyoM ke anusAra bhAratIya jana kI sadA hI yaha aTa dhAraNA rahI hai ki sabhI jJAna vijJAna aura kalA sambandhI vidyAoM kA mUla srota Adi brahmA, AdipuruSa, Adi prajApati svayaMbhU brahmA haiM. Adi brahmA ke jina ziSyoM praziSyoM kI praNAlI dvArA ye vidyAyeM hama taka pahuMcI haiM unake anuvaMzoM kA ullekha tat-tat vidyA sambandhI sabhI prAcIna racanAoM meM bhinna-bhinna DhaMga se kiyA gayA hai| ina racanAoM ke atirikta Adi brahmA kI vANI ke dvArA kathita jIvana-jagata sambandhI aneka tAttvika, dhArmika, paurANika, aura aitihAsika tathya jo vaidika AryajanoM ke Agamana ke pUrva yahA~ ke dasyujanoM ko prApta the jinheM ve svayambhU-kathita hone se zraddheya mAna kara kaMThastha kiye huye the, kAlapravAha meM bahate-bahate santatiprasantati krama se Aye manIviSayoM ko bhI sunane ko mile hoM. veda sUktoM ke nirmAtA RSiyoM ne apane sUktoM meM gUMthe hue tathyoM kI prAmANikatA-puSTi meM sthAna-sthAna para ina zrutiyoM kI ora saMketa karate hue 'zrayate zrutam' Adi zabdoM kA prayoga kiyA hai. ina udAharaNoM se patA lagatA hai ki zrutijJAna vedasaMhitAoM meM saMkalita sUtroM se bhI prAcIna hai. ye zrutiyA~ Apta-vacana hone ke kAraNa tattvataH pramANa mAnI jAtI rahI haiM. aura ina zrutiyoM para AdhArita hone ke kAraNa veda-sUktoM ko bhI zruti kahA jAne lagA hai. brAhmaNoM kA zreya-isa abhAva para se kucha vidvAnoM ne yaha mata nirdhArita kara liyA hai ki aupaniSadika kAla se pahale bhAratIya logoM ko AtmavidyA kA koI bodha na thA. bhArata meM adhyAtmavidyA kA janma upaniSadoM kI racanA ke sAthasAtha yA usase kucha pahale se huA hai. unakA yaha mata kitanA bhramapUrNa hai yaha Upara vAle vivecana se bhalIbhAMti siddha hai. aupaniSadika kAla AtmavidyA kA janmakAla nahIM hai. AtmavidyA to vaidika AryagaNa ke Ane se bhI bahuta pahale balki yoM kahie ki sindha ghATI kI 3000 varSa IsA pUrva mohanajodar3okAlIna AdhyAtmika meM saMskRti se bhI pahale yahA~ ke vrAtya yati, zramaNa, jina, atithi, haMsa Adi kahalAne vAle yogI janoM ke jIvana pravRtta meM ho rahI thI. aupaniSadika kAla to usa yuga kA smAraka hai jaba brAhmaNa vidvAnoM kI niSThA vaidika trividyA (Rk, yajuH sAma) se uThakara AtmavidyA kI 1. atharva veda 15-1(6) 7-12. gopathabrAhmaNa parva 1-10. zatapatha grA0 14-5-4-10. bRhadAraNyaka upa0 2.4, 10. chAndogya 7, 1, 2. zAMkhAyana zrauta sUtra 162. AzvalAyana zrauta sUtra 10, 7. atharva veda 11-7-24 zatapatha brA0 13-4-3. 3-14. 2. (a) paTakhagaDAgama-dhavalA TIkA jilda 1 amarAvatI san 1938 pR0 107124 (A) samavAyAMga sUtra. (i) sthAnAMga (I) nandIsUtra (u) pAkSika sUtra (3) AThavIM sadI ke zrIjinasenAcAryakRta harivaMzapurANa 10 11-143, (e) AThavIM sadI ke svAmI jinasena kRta mahApurANa 2-198-113-34, 135-147. (2) aMgapaNNatti-zubhacandrAcArya kRta (o) tattvArthasAradIpikA-bhaTTAraka sakalakIrtikRta 3. (ka) Rgveda 10-60-6. (kha) zatapatha brAhmaNa antargata vaMza brAhmaNa 14-6-4, 14, 5, 16-22. (gha) bRhadAraNyaka upaniSad 2, 6, 6, 5. (Da) chAndogya upaniSad 3, 51, 4, 8, 15, 1. (ca) muNDaka upa01,1-2, 2,1,6. (cha) mahA zAnti parva 346, 51-53 bhagavadgItA 4, 1-2. (ja) caraka saMhitA-sUtra sthAna, prathama prAdhyAya. Y JainEduCitral aM Ste&PESHd 295ary.org
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________________ jayabhagavAna jaina : vedottarakAla meM brahmavidyA kI punarjAgRti : 413 0-0--0--0-0--0--0-0-0--0 ora jhukI aura AtmavidyA kSatriyoM kI sImA se nikala kara brAhmaNoM meM phailanI zurU huI. isa dizA meM brAhmaNa RSiyoM kA zreya isa bAta meM hai ki unhoMne sabase pahale bhArata ke AdhyAtmika darzana aura unake paurANika AkhyAnoM ko upaniSadoM, brahmasUtra, bhikSumUtra, yogadarzana va purANoM kI zakala meM saMkalita va lipibaddha karane kA parizrama kiyA. yadi ina ke dvArA saMkalita kI huI adhyAtmacarcAeM Aja hamAre pAsa na hotI to buddha aura mahAvIra kAla se pahale kI AdhyAtmika saMskRti kA sAhityika pramANa DhUMDhanA hamAre liye asambhava thA. jaina paramparAgata jo likhita sAhitya Aja upalabdha hai usakA Arambha mahAvIranirvANa ke 500 varSa bAda IsA pUrva kI pahalI sadI meM usa samaya huA jaba jaina AcAryoM ko yaha acchI taraha vidita ho gayA ki adhyAtmatattva bodha dinoM dina ghaTatA jA rahA hai aura yadi ise lipibaddha na kiyA gayA to rahA sahA bodha bhI lupta ho jAyagA,' adhyAtmavidyA sabhI logoM meM rahasya vidyA banakara rahI hai :-bhArata ke sabhI dharmazAstroM meM jagaha-jagaha adhikArI aura anadhikArI zrotAoM ke lakSaNa dete hue batalAyA gayA hai ki adhyAtmavidyA kA bakhAna unhIM ko kiyA jAya jo jitendriya aura prazAnta hoM, haMsa ke samAna zuddha vRtti vAle hoM, jo doSoM ko TAlakara kevala guNoM ko grahaNa karane vAle hoM.2 adhyAtmavidyA ko isa prakAra anadhikArI logoM se surakSita rakhane kA vidhAna kevala bhArata ke santoM taka hI sImita nahIM rahA hai. bhArata ke alAvA jina anya dezoM meM AdhyAtmika tattvoM kA prasAra huA hai, vahA~ ke AdhyAtmika santoM ne bhI isa vidyA ko anadhikArI logoM se bacA rakhane kA bharasaka yatna kiyA hai| Aja se lagabhaga 2000 varSa pUrva jaba pazcamI eziyA ke yahUdI logoM meM prabhu IsA ne AdhyAtmika tattvoM kI vivecanA zurU kI to bahuta viveka aura sAvadhAnI se (parablas) rUpakoM dvArA hI kI thI. isa liye ki kahIM ve apanI nAsamajhI se ina tattvoM ko bigAr3akara kucha kA kucha artha na lagA baiTheM aura phira virodha para utArU ho jAyeM. isIlie prabhu IsA ne isa bAta ko kaI sthaloM para doharAyA hai jo bahumUlya aura pavitra tattva haiM unheM zvAna aura varAhavRtti vAle logoM ke sAmane na rakhA jAya, kahIM ve unheM pAvoM se rauMda kara tumheM hI AghAta pahu~cAne ko udyata na ho jAe~.4 MA 1. SaTkhaeDAgama bhAga 1-DA0 hIrAlAla dvArA likhita prastAvanA. 2. (a) mahAbhArata zAntiparva adhyAya 246. (A) paTakhaeDAgama, dhavalA TIkA, jilda 1 gAthA 62-63. 3. (A) But without a parable spake he not unto them and when they were alone, he expoun ____ded all things to his desciples. Bible-Mark IX 34. (B) I will open my mouth in parbles. I will utter things which have been kept secret from the foundations of the world. Bible-Matthew XIII 35 4. (A) It is not meet to take the children's bread and to cast it unto thedogs. Bible. Mark VII. 27 (B) Give not that which is holy unto the dogs, neither cast your pearls before swine. Lest they trample them under their feet and turn again and rend you. Bible Matthew VII 6. Jain Education Intemational