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________________ Unake prAcIna jaina mandira rAkezadatta trivedI bhAratIya purAtattva sarvekSaNa, bhopAla madhyapradezake pazcimI nimAr3a jilemeM Una nAmaka grAmakA jaina anuzrutiyoMmeM eka mahattvapUrNa sthAna mAnA gayA hai / yaha sthAna jileke mukhyAlaya kharagonase pazcima dizAmeM 16 kimI kI dUrIpara sthita hai / yahA~ kharagonase jAnevAlI mukhya sar3akase pahu~cA jA sakatA hai / jaina kathAoMke anusAra jainoMke kaI nirvANa kSetroMmeMse Una bhI eka kSetra hai jisakA prAcIna nAma pAvAgiri thaa| isI sthAnapara suvarNabhadra aura anya tIna jaina muniyoMne nirvANa prApta karake isa sthAnako mahattva pradAna kiyA thA jisase paravartI kAlameM yaha jaina tIrthoM kI gaNanAmeM A skaa| Aja bhI digambara jainoMkA eka vizAla mandira aura usase sambandhita dharmazAlA isa sthAnake AkarSaNa haiN| yahA~ bar3I saMkhyAmeM jaina tIrthayAtrI Akara Thaharate haiM aura puNyalAbhake liye pUjA-upAsanA karate haiN| isake atirikta, purAtattva jagatameM UnakA mahattva eka vizAla mandira samUhake liye hai jinameMse lagabhaga bAraha prAcIna mandiroMke avazeSa Una grAmameM aura usake AsapAsa Aja bhI dekhe jA sakate haiN| ye mandira adhikAMzataH TUTI-phUTI sthitimeM haiM aura kuchake to sthAnamAtra pahacAne jA sakate haiN| phira bhI, jo kucha bacA hai, usase isa sthAnake kalAtmaka vaibhava aura mandira nirmANa paramparApara paryApta prakAza par3atA hai| madhyapradezameM hI nahIM, sAre bhAratameM bahata kama aise sthAna haiM jahA~ prAcIna mandiroMkA itanA bar3A samUha dekhA jA ske| ina mandiroMkA nirmANa 11vI 12vIM sadImeM mAlavAke paramAra rAjAoMke rAjyakAlameM huA thA jo apanI sthApatya kalApriyatA tathA kalAtmaka evaM sAhityika abhirucike liye vikhyAta haiN| inameMse adhikAMza mandiroMkI nirmANazailI aura sthApatya saMyojanako bhUmijazailI kahA gayA hai jisakI pahacAna vizeSatayA usake zikhara vinyAsa aura alaMkaraNoMse kI jAtI hai| __ Unake mandiroMmeM do mandira jainadharmase sambandhita haiN| jinameMse ekako caubArA DerA naM0 2 yA nahala avarakA DerA aura dusareko gvAlezvara mandirake nAmase pakArA jAtA hai| ina donoM jaina mandiroMkI sthApatyazailI bhI Unake mandiroMse bhinna hai aura donoM apanI vizeSatAoMke kAraNa Unake mandiroMse viziSTa sthAna rakhate haiN| yahA~para inhIM donoM mandiroMkI sthApatya tathA kalAtmaka vizeSatAoMkA ullekha karate huye unake aitihAsika evaM sAMskRtika mahattvako spaSTa karanekI ceSTA kI gaI hai| caubarA DerA naM0 2-isa prAcIna jaina mandirake avazeSa Unake uttarameM eka patharIle TIlepara sthita hai aura ye kharagonakI orase gA~vameM praveza karaneke pahale hI apane bhavyapara khaNDita rUpameM dikhAI par3ate haiM / isa uttarAbhimukha mandirako talayojanAko pIcheke mUlaprasAdakI orase lekara bAharake mukhya dvAra taka pA~ca bhAgoMmeM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai jinako garbhagRha, antarAla, gUr3hamaMDapa, trikamaNDapa aura mukhacatuSkI kahate haiM / ina bhAgoMmeMse gUr3hamaNDapa madhyameM sthita hone, mukhya bhAgoMmeM bIcakI kar3I hone tathA apane sarvAdhika bar3e - 329 -
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________________ AkArake kAraNa vizeSa rUpase mahattvapUrNa hai / gUr3hamaNDapake donoM pAvoMmeM eka-eka dvAra hai jinake sAmane stambhoM para AdhArita mukhamaNDapa athavA mukhacatuSkI honeke saMketa milate haiM (citra 1 ) Shetatl C Meritage PFIN citra 1. caubArA DerA naM0 2, 1200 I0, Una bANIvi ka Arae Before Sp nikalI TEWIPE-IP citra 2. caubArA DerA naM0 2 : pITha tathA vedIbandhakI alaMkRta paTTikAyeM mandirake bAhya aura Antarika donoM alaMkaraNa bar3e prabhAvapUrNa haiM / u~cAIpara sthita mandirakI ora adhika U~cAI pradAna karaneke liye usake nimna bhAgameM pITha aura vedIbandhakA saMyojana kiyA gayA hai| jinakI vividha paTTikAyeM apane alaMkaraNake liye sarAhanIya haiN| pIThakI nimnatama do sAdI paTTikAoMke Upara alaMkRta paTTikAoM kI racanA kI gaI hai jinako prAcIna sthApatya granthoM meM (nIce kI orase) kramaza: nAr3ayakumbha, karNikA, grAsapaTTI, gajapITha aura narapITha nAma diye gaye haiM / inake Upara vedI bandhakI paTTikAyeM haiM jinheM kumbha, 330 ma
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________________ kalaza aura kapotikAke nAmoMse pahacAnA jAtA hai (citra 2) / ina paTTi kAoMmeMse gajapITha aura narapIThakI paTrikAyeM vizeSa mahattva kI haiM jinakA pracalana gujarAta aura pazcima rAjasthAnameM solaMkI rAjAoMke sthApatyameM bahutAyatase dekhA jA sakatA hai| mandirake pITha bhAgapara rAjapIThakA pratirUpaNa rASTrakUTa kAlIna ailorAke kailAza mandirakA smaraNa dilAtA hai jisameM isa alaMkaraNakA pUrvarUpa dekhA jA sakatA hai| narapITha paTTikApara anekoM dhArmika aura laukika dRzyoMkA citraNa kiyA gayA hai| isI paTTikApara saMgIta, nRtya, raticitroMke sAtha samudramanthana UpAkhyAna tathA rAmAyaNake dRzyoMkA aMkana bhI saphalatAse kiyA gayA hai| eka dRzyameM bAli-sugrIvakI dUndayaddhameM rata dikhAyA gayA hai jinake sAtha dhanuSapara zara sandhAna karate huye rAma tathA unake pIche lakSmaNako aMkita kiyA gayA hai (citra 3) / yaha aMkana jahA~ eka ora rAmAyaNa kathAkI lokapriyatAkA sAkSya prastuta karatA hai, vahA~ dUsarI ora vyApaka dhArmika sahiSNutAkI bhAvanAkA paricaya detA haiM jisake phalasvarUpa jainamandirameM isakA samAveza ho sakA hai| kumbhabhAgapara banI rathikAoMpara jaina yakSiyoMkI pratimAyeM apane vividha rUpoMmeM utkIrNa kI gaI haiN| citra 3. bAli-sugrIva yuddha, rAmAyaNakA dRzya vedIbandhake Upara mandirakA bhittibhAga, jise sthApatya granthoMmeM jaMghAbhAga kahA jAtA hai, sthita hai, jisakA nicalA bhAga maMcikAse Arambha hokara Upara kapotikAmeM samApta hotA hai / jaMghAbhAga para cAroM ora alaMkRta rathikAyeM haiM jinameM jaina-devI devatAoM tathA bhaMgimApUrNa apsarAoMkI mUrtiyA~ dekhI jA sakatI haiN| mUla prasAdake bace huye karNa bhAgoM (konoM) para aSTa digpAloM (indra, agni, yama, niRti; varuNa, vAyu, kubera aura IzAna) kA pratirUpaNa milatA hai| durbhAgyavaza mandirakA mukhya zikhara pUrNatayA dhvasta ho cukA hai, isaliye bace huye avazeSoMke mAdhyamase usakI bhavyatAkA kevala anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai / kAya uttarakI ora mandirake mukhya dvArake sammukha stambhoM para AdhArita mukhamaNDapa aura tIna bhAgoMmeM vibhAjita trimaNDapakA nirmANa kiyA gayA hai jisake stambhoMkA saMyojana aura manohara alaMkaraNa vizeSa -331 -
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________________ rUpase darzanIya hai / inameM se kucha stambha nimna bhAgameM caupahala (bhadraka) haiM aura UparakI ora vRttAkAra ho gaye haiM aura kucha stambha nimna bhAgase ATha pahalU (aSTAsra) haiM aura UparakI ora alaMkRta vRttAkArameM badala gaye haiM / aSTAsa stambhoMkA UparI bhAga mUrtisahita laghu rathikAoM, parNabandha, haMsamAlA, grAsamukhoM aura vRttAkAra paTTiyoMse suzobhita hai jinake Upara mAnavAkRtiyoMse vibhUSita stambhazIrSa chatako rokanevAle zilApaTToMke AdhArakA kAma karate haiM (citra 4) / gUDhamaNDapake bAharI dvAroMke siradalake madhya ( lalATabimba) meM kamalAsanameM baiThI jaina pratimA nirmita kI gayI hai jisake Upara pA~ca laghurathikAoMmeM jaina yakSiyoMkI mUrtiyA~ darzAyI gayI haiM / dvAroMke pArzvabhAga pA~ca zAkhAoM meM vibhAjita kiye gae haiM jinako patravallI, ratnazAkhA, stambhazAkhA Adise alaMkRta kiyA hai / dvArakI caukhaTa ( udumbara) ke madhya meM mandAraka aura usake donoM ora kIrtimukhoMkA pratirUpaNa pazcimI bhAratake jaina mandiroMkI alaMkaraNa paddhatikA anusaraNa karatA hai / trimaNDapake dvArako pAra karate hI darzaka gUr3hamaNDapameM praveza karatA hai jisake do pArzvadvAra pUrva aura pazcima dizAkI ora khulate haiM / gUr3hamaNDapakI bhItarI chata (vitAna) ATha aThapahalU (aSTAsra) stambhoM para TOT OM Man citra 4. caubArA DerA maM0 2, trikamaNDapake stambhoMkA alaMkaraNa AdhArita hai jinake Upara patravallIse alaMkRta siradala hai| nAbhicchanda prakArakA kSipta vitAna gUDhamaNDapako ora adhika sthAna aura bhavyatA pradAna karatA hai jisameM UparakI ora ghaTate hue vRttAkAra paTTa saMyojita kiye gae haiM jinameM sabase Upara padmazilA yA laTakatA huA lambana rahA hogA / vitAnake golAkAra cAroM - 332 - w
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________________ ora pahale apsarAoMkI mUttiyA~ vividha bhAvabhaMgimAoMmeM lagI huI thIM jinakI pIThikAyeM vitAnake nicale bhAgameM aba bhI draSTavya haiM / gUr3hamaNDapake pichale dvArako pAra karanepara darzaka garbhagRhake sammukha antarAlameM praveza karatA hai aura usake uparAnta caukora garbhagRhameM jisake Upara zikhara bilakula naSTa ho cukA hai| garbhagRhake dvArakA alaMkaraNa vaisA hI hai jaisA ki gUr3hamaNDapake dvAroMkA hai aura isake bhI lalATabimba para tIrthakarakI pratimA aura usake Upara pA~ca rathikAoMmeM jaina yakSiyoMkA pratirUpaNa milatA hai / / - isa mandirase upalabdha do digambara jaina pratimAoMko kaI dazaka pUrva indaura saMgrahAlayameM surakSita rakhaneke lie pahu~cA diyA gayA hai| inameMse eka matti tIrthakara zAntinAthakI hai jisakI pIThikA para vikrama saMvat 1242 (1185 I0) kI tithi aMkita hai| kAyotsarga mudrAmeM nirmita yaha pratimA sambhavataH caubArA DerA naM0 2 ke jaina mandirameM sthApita thI jisase isa mandirakA nirmANa kAla nizcita rUpase 1185 I0 jJAta hotA hai| gvAlezvara mandira yaha jaina mandira Una grAmake dakSiNameM eka choTI pahAr3I para sthita hai aura yaha Aja bhI pUjAupAsanAke lie prayogameM AtA hai| samprati ise zAntinAtha mandirake nAmase jAnA jAtA hai| mandirake ANSAR citra-5. gvAlezvara mandira, 1300 I0, Una bAharI aura bhItaroM bhAgoMkA jIrNoddhAra isa prakAra kiyA gayA hai jisase mandirakI prAcInatA luptaprAyaH ho gayI hai aura usakI vAstavika pahacAna tabhI ho pAtI hai jaba isake maulika bhAgoMkA sUkSmatAse nirIkSaNa kiyA jAya (citr-5)| vizeSatayA mandirake gUr3hamaNDapa aura mUlaprasAdakA sUkSma dRSTise adhyayana karanepara isa prAcInatAke cihna pahacAne jA sakate haiN| isa prakAra isa mandirako talayojanA pUrvollikhita caubArA DerA naM0 2 ke samAna hI rahI hogI jisakA anumAna prAcIna avaziSTa bhAgoMko dekhakara lagAyA jA sakatA hai kintu bAharI zilpa alaMkaraNameM yaha apekSAkRta sAdA hai| sAmanekA maulika ardhamaNDapa aba zeSa nahIM -333
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________________ rahA jisake sthAnapara navIna mukhamaNDapakA nirmANa kiyA gayA hai kintu caukora gUr3hamaNDapa aura usake ATha stambhoM para AdhArita golAkAra nAbhicchanda vitAna aba bhI apanI bhavyatAko surakSita rakhe haiN| pArzvameM khulanevAle dvAra bhI pUrvavaNita mandirakI saMyojanAke samAna hai| ___ isa mandirake garbhagRhakA tala gUDhamaNDapake talase lagabhaga tIsa mITara nIcA hai jisameM banI huI sIr3hiyoMse utarakara pahu~cA jAtA hai / garbhagRhake andara tIna vizAla tIrthakara pratimAe~ kAyotsarga mudrAmeM sthApita haiM / inakA nirmANa camakIle kAle pattharase kiyA gayA hai / ina tInoMmeM madhyameM sthita sabase bar3I pratimA lagabhaga cAra mITara U~cI hai| pArzvameM sthita eka pratimAkI pIThikA para utkIrNa lekha usakI sthApanAkI tithi vikrama saMvat 1263 (1206 I0) darzAtA hai| pratimAoMke pIchekI bhitti para donoM ora choTe-choTe jIne bane hue haiM jinake dvArA mUttiyoMkA abhiSeka karaneke lie Upara pahu~cA jA sakatA hai / yaha vizeSatA anya kaI jaina mandiroMmeM bhI dekhI jA sakatI hai| mandirake zikharake UparI bhAgakA paryApta jIrNoddhAra kiyA gayA hai| phira bhI, usakI grIvAke nIce kA kucha bhAga aba bhI thor3A-bahuta apane pUrvarUpameM surakSita hai| zikharake cAroM ora nirmita uraHzRMga aura upazRMga aise pratIta hote haiM jaise zikharakI U~cAIko dhIre-dhIre uThAte hue uccatama starapara pahu~cA rahe haiN| uraHzRMgoM sahita zikharakA AkAra khajurAhoke vizvavikhyAta mandiroMke zikharake samAna dikhAI par3atA hai jinake prabhAvakSetrameM mAlavAkA yaha bha-bhAga rahA hogaa| Una kA pUrvavarNita donoM jaina mandira kaI dRSTiyoMse mahattvapUrNa haiN| apanI anUThI kalA-zailIke atirikta, ye mandira tatkAlIna dhArmika sAmaJjasya evaM sahiSNutAkI bhAvanAke pratIka hai jisake phalasvarUpa hindu mandiroMke sAtha hI inakA nirmANa aura saMrakSaNa ho skaa| caubArA DerA naM0 2 kI sthApatya kalA, vizeSatayA mandira pIThakI paTikAoMke saMyojana, pravezadvAroMke sAmane trikamaNDapa nirmANa, stambhoMke alaMkaraNa tathA dvAroMkI sajAvaTa para gujarAtake solaMkI mandiroMkA spaSTa prabhAva parilakSita hotA hai isa mandirake pITha bhAgapara nirmita gajapITha aura narapIThakI paTTikAyeM solaMkI mandiroMkI vizeSatAyeM haiM jinakA samAveza gujarAta kalAke samparkakA sAthI hai| isake sAtha hI, isameM mAlavAkI paramAra kalAkA bhI yogadAna hai jisake dvArA Unake anya mandiroMkA nirmANa kiyA gayA hai| - 334