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________________ 900 5000 90 000000000000000 1630 upAdhyAya zrI puSkara muni smRti-grantha / svastha samAja kA AdhAra : sadAcAra -AcArya zrI devendra muni pohoto 200000 dharma kA merudaNDa : AcAra sambodhana se pukArA gyaa| suyodhana duryodhana ke rUpa meM vizruta huaa| vyakti, samAja aura rASTra ke abhyudaya kA mUla AdhAra AcAra AcAra kA parityAga karane se kaMsa rAjA hokara bhI kasAI kahalAyA hai| AcAra ke AdhAra para vikasita vicAra jIvana kA niyAmaka aura dakSa daMbhI ke rUpa meM prasiddha huaa| jabaki sadAcAra ko dhAraNa aura Adarza hotA hai, ataH vicAra kI janma-bhUmi AcAra hI hai| karane se zabarI bhIlanI hokara bhI bhakta bana gii| vAlmIki vyAdha se vandanIya bana gyaa| arjunamAlI hatyAre se sAdhu bana gyaa| atIta kAla meM AcAra zabda binA kisI vizeSaNa ke bhI zreSThatama AcaraNa ke lie vyavahRta huA hai| zAbdika dRSTi se AcAra / tapa kA mUla : AcAra kA artha hai-'Acaryate iti AcAraH' jo AcaraNa kiyA jAya, vaha AcAra kI mahimA batAte hue vaidika maharSiyoM ne kahA- AcAra AcAra hai| yaha sadAcAra kA dyotaka hai| AcArya manu, AcArya vyAsa se vidyA prApta hotI hai| Ayu kI abhivRddhi hotI hai, kAnti aura prabhati vijJoM ne 'AcAraH prathamo dharmaH' kahA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kIrti upalabdha hotI hai| aisA kauna-sA sadagaNa hai jo AcAra se dvAdazAMgI meM 'AcAra' ko prathama sthAna diyA hai| zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu prApta na ho| AcAra se dharmarUpI virAT vRkSa phalatA hai| AcAra se ne spaSTa zabdoM meM kahA hai 'AcAra sabhI aMgoM kA sAra hai|' mahAbhArata / dharma aura dhana ye donoM hI prApta hote haiN| AcAra kI zuddhi hone se meM vedavyAsa ne bhI yahI kahA hai ki sabhI AgamoM meM 'AcAra' prathama | satya kI prATi hotI hai satya kI galTi hone se citta kAya banatA hai| RSiyoM ne bhI AcAra se hI dharma kI utpatti batAI hai hai aura citta ekAgra hone se sAkSAt mukti prApta hotI hai| sabhI 'AcAraprabhavo dhrmH'| AcArya pANini ne prabhava kA artha 'prathama / prakAra ke tapa kA mUla AcAra hai| prakAzana' kiyA hai| arthAt AcAra hI dharma kA prathama prakAzana sthAna hai| AcAra dharma kA merudaNDa hai jisake binA dharma Tika nahIM sktaa| AcAra aura sadAcAra vizva meM jitane bhI prANI haiM una sabhI prANiyoM meM mAnava zreSTha bhAratIya sAhitya meM prArambha meM AcAra zabda sadAcAra kA hI hai| sabhI mAnavoM meM jJAnI zreSTha hai aura sabhI jJAniyoM meM AcAravAna dyotaka rhaa| bAda meM AcAra ke sAtha 'sat' zabda kA prayoga isa zreSTha hai| AcAra muktimahala meM praveza karane kA bhavyadvAra hai| tathya ko pramANita karatA hai ki jaba AcAra ke nAma para kucha galata pravRttiyA~ panapane lagIM taba zreSTha AcAra ko sadAcAra aura nikRSTa AcAra-rahita vicAra : kalcara motI AcAra ko durAcAra kahanA prAraMbha kiyA gyaa| isa taraha AcAra AcArahIna mAnava ko veda bhI pavitra nahIM kara skte| kahA hai- rUpI srota do dhArAoM meM pravAhita ho gyaa| usakI eka dhArA "AcArahInaM na punanti vedAH" AcAra rahita vicAra kalcara motI UrdhvamukhI hai, to dUsarI dhArA adhomukhI hai| UrdhvamukhI dhArA ke sadRza hai, jisakI camaka-damaka kRtrima hai| vicAroM kI tasvIra sadAcAra hai to adhomukhI dhArA durAcAra hai| zAbdika vyutpatti kI cAhe kitanI bhI mana-mohaka aura cittAkarSaka kyoM na ho, para jaba dRSTi se sadAcAra zabda sat + AcAra ina do zabdoM se milakara taka AcAra ke phrema meM vaha nahIM mar3hI jAyegI taba taka jIvana- banA hai| jo AcaraNa yA pravRtti pUrNarUpa se sat hai, ziSTajana sammata prAsAda kI zobhA nahIM bddh'egii| vicAroM kI sundara tasvIra ko AcAra hai, ucita hai vaha sadAcAra hai| sat yA ucita ko hI aMgrejI meM ke phrema meM mar3havA diyA jAya to tasvIra bhI camaka uThegI aura bhavana 'rAiTa' (right) kahA hai| jisakA artha hai niymaanusaar| jo bhI khila utthegaa| AcaraNa niyama ke anusAra vaha sadAcAra hai aura jo AcaraNa zIze kI A~kha svayaM ke dekhane ke lie nahIM hotI, dikhAne ke / niyama ke viruddha hai, asat hai, vaha durAcAra hai| durAcAra ko hI lie hotI hai, vaise hI AcArahIna jJAna Atma-darzana ke lie nahIM anAcAra yA kadAcAra bhI kahate haiN| hotA, kintu mAtra ahaMkAra pradarzana ke lie hotA hai| prazaMsA ke gIta sadAcAra : paribhASA gAne mAtra se amRta kisI ko amara nahIM banAtA, pAnI-pAnI pukArane se pyAsa zAnta nahIM hotii| isI prakAra sirpha zAstroM kA AcArya manu ne sadAcAra kI paribhASA karate hue likhA hai ki jJAna baghArane se jIvana meM divyatA nahIM aatii| 'jisa deza, kAla va samAja meM jo AcaraNa kI pavitra paramparAe~ cala rahI haiM vaha sadAcAra hai|' sajjana vyaktiyoM ke dvArA jisa pavitra AcArahInatA se patana mArga kA anusaraNa kiyA jAtA hai vaha sadAcAra hai| sadAcAra eka virAT sampatti kA adhipati tathA veda-vedAMgoM kA pAraMgata hone / aisA vyApaka tathA sArvabhauma tattva hai jise deza, kAla kI saMkIrNa para bhI sadAcAra-rahita hone se rAvaNa 'rAkSasa' jaise ghRNApUrNa / sImA Abaddha nahIM kara sktii| jaise sahasrarazmi sUrya kA camacamAtA WH. asala 2900 C POORAE %800.00aslac B3asaled
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________________ jana-maMgala dharma ke cAra caraNa huA prakAza sabhI ke lie upayogI hai, vaise hI sadAcAra ke mUlabhUta niyama sabhI ke lie Avazyaka va upayogI haiN| kitane hI vyakti apane kula paramparA se prApta AcAra ko atyadhika mahattva dete haiM aura samajhate haiM ki maiM jo kara rahA hU~ vahI sadAcAra hai, para jo sat AcaraNa cAhe vaha kisI bhI srota se vyakta huA ho, vaha sabhI ke lie upayogI hai|. sadAcAra : durAcAra sadAcAra se vyakti zreyas kI ora agrasara hotA hai| sadAcAra vaha cumbaka hai, jisase anyAnya sadguNa svataH khiMce cale Ate haiN| durAcAra se vyakti preya kI ora agrasara hotA hai| durAcAra se vyakti ke sadguNa usI taraha naSTa ho jAte haiM jaise zIta-dAha se komala paudhe jhulasa jAte haiN| sadAcArI vyakti yadi daridra bhI hai to vaha sabake lie anukaraNIya hai, yadi vaha durbala hai to bhI prazasta hai| kyoMki yaha svastha hai| durAcArI ke pAsa virAT sampatti bhI hai to bhI yaha sArarahita hai| zodha se zarIra meM sthUlatA A jAnA zarIra kI sudRr3hatA nahIM kahI jA sakatI apitu vaha zodha kI sthUlatA zArIrika durbalatA kA hI pratIka hai| sadAcAra aura sadguNoM kA paraspara anyonyAzraya sambandha hai| sadguNoM se sadAcAra prakaTa hotA hai aura sadAcAra se sadguNa dRr3ha hote haiN| gaganacumbI parvatamAlAoM se hI nirjhara prasphuTita hote haiM aura ye sarasa saritAoM ke rUpa meM pravAhita hote haiM, vaise hI utkRSTa sadAcArI ke jIvana se hI dharmarUpI gaMgA pragaTa hotI hai| sadAcAra aura saccaritra sadAcAra aura caritra ye donoM eka hI sikke ke do haiN| pahalU eka hI dhAtu khaNDa ke do Tukar3e haiM, eka hI bhAva ke do rUpa haiN| AcArya zaMkara ne zIla aura sadAcAra ko abheda mAnA hai| sadAcAra mAnava-jIvana kI zreSTha pU~jI hai| adbhuta AbhA hai| vaha zreSThatama gaMdha hai jo jana-jIvana ko sugandha pradAna karatI hai| isIlie dhammapada meM zIla ko sarvazreSTha gaMdha kahA hai| rAmacarita mAnasa meM zIla ko patAkA ke samAna kahA hai| patAkA sadA sarvadA uccatama sthAna para avasthita hokara phaharAtI hai vaise hI sadAcAra bhI patAkA hai, jo apanI svacchatA, nirmalatA aura pavitratA ke AdhAra para phaharAtI rahatI hai| caritra ko aMgrejI meM (Character) karekTara kahate haiN| manuSya kA bartAva vyavahAra, rahana-sahana, jIvana ke naitika mAnadaNDa va Adarza ye saba karekTara yA caritra ke antargata A jAte haiN| inhIM sabakA saMyukta rUpa jo svayaM va samAja ke samakSa vyakta hotA hai, vaha AcAra yA sadAcAra hai| isalie sadAcAra va saccaritratA ko hama abhinna bhI kaha sakate haiM tathA eka-dUsare ke sampUraka bhii| Main AcAra aura nIti AcAra ke artha meM hI pAzcAtya manISiyoM ne 'nIti' zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai| AcArazAstra ko unhoMne nItizAstra kahA hai| 631 naitikatA ke abhAva meM mAnava pazu se bhI gayA-gujarA ho jAtA hai| mAnava kA kyA karttavya hai aura kyA akarttavya hai isakA nirNaya nIti ke AdhAra se kiyA jA sakatA hai| jo niyama nItizAstra ko kasauTI para khare utarate haiM, ve upAdeya haiM, grAhya haiM aura jo niyama nItizAstra kI dRSTi se anucita haiM ve anupAdeya haiM aura agrAhya hai| mAnava jisa samAja meM janma letA hai usa samAja meM jo naitika AdhAra aura vyavahAra pracalita hotA hai vaha use dharohara ke rUpa meM prApta hotA hai| mAnava meM naitika AcaraNa kI pravRtti AdikAla se rahI hai| ve naitika niyama jo samAja meM pracalita haiM unake aucitya aura anaucitya para cintana kara jIvana ke antima ucca Adarza para naitika niyama AdhRta hote haiN| AcAra yadyapi AcAra yA nIti zabda ke artha kucha bhinna bhI haiM, sampUrNa jIvana ke kriyA-kalApa se sambandha rakhatA hai, jabaki 'nIti' AcAra ke sAtha vicAra ko bhI grahaNa kara letI hai| 'nIti' meM sAmayika, deza-kAla kI anukUlatA kA vizeSa dhyAna rakhA jAtA hai| jabaki 'AcAra' meM kucha zAzvata va sthAyI siddhAnta kArya karate haiN| nIti, vyakti va samAja ke sambandhoM para jora detI hai, AcAra vyakti va Izvara sattA (AtmA-paramAtmA ke sambandha para) ke adhika nikaTa rahatA hai| pazcimI vidvAna-dekArte (Descartes), laoNka (Locke) Adi ke matAnusAra dharma hI nIti kA mUla hai, jabaki kAMTa (Kant) ke anusAra nIti manuSya ko dharma kI ora le jAtI hai| nIti kA lakSya 'caritra zuddhi' hai aura caritra zuddhi se hI dharma kI ArAdhanA hotI hai| isa prakAra 'nIti' aura 'AcAra' ke lakSya meM prAyaH samAnatA hai| bhAratIya dharma AcAra ko nIti se va nIti ko AcAra se niyaMtrita rakhane para bala dete haiN| pazcima ke prasiddha nItizAstrI maikeMjI (Mackenzie) kA kahanA hai ki 'nIti' eka kriyA hai, dharma manuSya kA satsaMkalpa hai, nIti usa saMkalpa ko kriyAnvita karatI hai, isalie nIti ko niyAmaka vijJAna (Normative Science) kahA jAtA hai, aura vaha dharma, sadAcAra kA hI antima aMga hai| AcAra aura vicAra AcAra aura vicAra ye donoM eka-dUsare ke pUraka haiN| vizva meM jitanI bhI vicAradhArAe~ pracalita haiM, unhoMne AcAra aura vicAra ko mahattva diyA hai| vyaktitva ke pUrNa vikAsa ke liye AcAra aura vicAra donoM kA vikAsa apekSita hai| jaba taka AcAra ke vikAsa ke lie pavitra vicAra nahIM hoMge, taba taka AcAra sadAcAra nahIM hogaa| jina vicAroM ke pIche AcAra kA divya Aloka nahIM hai, ve vicAra vyaktitva-nirmANa meM akSama haiN| jaba AcAra aura vicAra meM ekarUpatA hotI hai, ve paraspara eka-dUsare se sambandhita hote haiM, tabhI vikAsa ke nitya nUtana dvAra udghATita hote haiN|
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________________ / 632 upAdhyAya zrI puSkara muni smRti-grantha / 6.0.094boor rAtri bhojana ke ghAtaka pariNAma 200000 5600.000.00 20000 66.0.60 P390 DO0.000000000 S GS sarovara meM khilate kamala ko dekhiye-jaba sUrya kI komala kiraNoM kA sparza aura prakAza milatA hai tabhI vaha khilatA hai, sUryAsta hote hI usakI vikasita paMkhur3iyA~ apane Apa sikur3a jAtI haiN| sUryAsta hone para phUla mujha jAte haiN| Ayurveda ke anusAra sUryAsta hone para hRdaya kamala tathA nAbhikamala mujha jAtA hai| saMkucita ho jAtA hai, aura udara meM gayA huA bhojana pacane meM bahuta kaThina hotA hai| tote, cir3iyA Adi pakSiyoM ko dekhiye-uSA kI lAlI camakane para cahaka-cahaka kara eka dUsare ko jagAte haiM, aura sUrya kI kiraNeM dharatI para phailane ke pazcAt cuggA-dAnA kI khoja meM AkAza meM ur3ate hue dUra-dUra taka cale jAte haiM, kintu saMdhyA hote hote ve dinabhara ur3ane vAle pakSI apane-apane ghoMsaloM meM lauTa Ate haiN| rAta kA a~dherA chAne se pahale pahale ve apane ghoMsaloM meM ghusa jAte haiN| aura phira rAtabhara kucha khAnA nahIM, pInA nhiiN| zAnti ke sAtha vizrAma karate haiN| prakRti ke niyama sabhI ke lie samAna haiN| kintu manuSya sadA hI prakRti ke sAtha cher3a-chAr3a aura usake niyamoM kA majAka karatA rahA hai| pariNAma svarUpa vaha Adhi, vyAdhi, roga, pIr3A aura saMkaToM se ghiratA jAtA hai| Aja saMsAra ke prAyaH sabhI svAsthya vizeSajJa yaha mAnane lage haiM ki manuSya ko sUrya prakAza meM hI apanA bhojana grahaNa kara lenA caahie| sUrya kI UrjA/USmA se bhojana ThIka se pacatA hai| sUryAsta ke bAda pAcana kriyA kamajora par3a jAtI hai, jaTharAgni maMda ho jAtI hai, ataH rAta meM kiyA huA bhojana duSpAcya hotA hai, usase ajIrNa, kabja gaisa Adi roga paidA hote haiN| rAtri bhojana se Arogya bigar3atA hai| Alasya bar3hatA hai| kAma vAsanA bar3hatI hai| zarIra meM muTApA, (carbI) kolasTorala Adi bar3hate haiN| mANi bhojamA bhane rAta meM Apa cAhe jitanA prakAza kara leveM, vaha Apake zarIra va pAcana saMsthAna ko USmA nahIM de sktaa| bijalI kI USmA se kabhI bhI khAyA huA bhojana hajama nahIM ho sktaa| jaina sUtroM meM batAyA hai-aise bahuta se sUkSma jIva haiM, ur3ane vAle kITa pataMga haiM, jo A~khoM se dikhAI nahIM dete kintu bhojana meM Akara gira jAte haiM aura ve hamAre udara meM cale jAte haiN| una jaharIle kITa pataMgoM ke kAraNa zarIra meM aneka prakAra ke roga utpanna hote haiN| yogazAstrakAra AcArya hemacandra ne kahA hai- rAta meM bhojana karane se bhojana ke sAtha jU A jAne se jalodara, makkhI A jAne se ulTI, cIMTI (kIr3eM) Ane se buddhimaMdatA, makar3I Ane se kuSTa (mahA kor3ha) hotA hai| koI kAMTA Adi A jAne se tAlu meM cheda ho jAtA hai| macchara Ane se jvara, viSailA jantu Ane se jahara-pariNAma svarUpa mRtyu aura kaiMsara Adi roga hote haiN| dekhiye saMlagna citra TORGY bharekAnikSa kAsAra. basalamadana Hebeo praparIpATIbAlArAma MAR kolA sI -upAdhyAya zrI puSkara muni ke pravacana ('rAtri bhojana ke ghAtaka aura saMghAtaka pariNAma' se)