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________________ 'svabhAva-sattA' viSayaka traNa jUnA jaina graMtha aMtargata maLatAM uddharaNo vize nirgandha-zvetAMbara darzananAM Agamo ane dArzanika racanAo paranI prAkRta evaM saMskRta vyAkhyAomAM nirprantha atirikta vaidika, bauddha tema ja sAdhAraNa nItiparaka racanAomAM pratipAdana, samarthana, to kyAreka vaLI khaMDananA hetuthI prasaMgocita aneka uktionAM avataraNa sthAne sthAne jovA maLe che. e viSaya para eka bRhad lekhamAM savistara carcA karI rahyo hoI ahIM to eka ja muddA 52 maLI AvelAM traNa viziSTa uddharaNonA saMbaMdhamAM kahevA vicAryuM che. 'vastu'mAM nijI guNanI upasthiti 'svabhAva'thI ja che, anya koI kAraNathI nahIM; na to tene vastumAM game teTalA prayatna karo toye dAkhala karI zakAya che, evA tAtparyane vyakta karatI traNa saraLa, samAnArtha, ane mArmika sUktio avataraNo rUpe cAra pRthak pRthak racanAomAM jovA maLI che, je ahIM carcArthe prastuta karI che. prAsaMgika mULa saMdarbhonA hetu ane abhiprAya alabatta darzanapravaNa che, paNa saMprati carcAmAM enAM aitihAsika-sAMskRtika pAsAMo paratve lakSya kendrita karyuM che. (1) mahAtArkika mallavAdI kSamAzramaNanA dvAdazAranayacakra ( I. sa. 550)mAM 'svabhAvavAda'nI carcAnA anulakSamAM nIcenI be uktio uddhRta thayelI che : kaH kaNTakAnAM prakaroti taikSNaM vicitrabhAvaM mRgapakSiNAM ca / svabhAvataH sarvamidaM pravRttaM na kAmacAro'sti kutaH prayatnaH // kAMTAnuM aNiyALApaNuM ke pazupaMkhInI vividha (deha)citraNA svabhAvathI ja pravRtta bane che; game teTalI koziza karo, paNa anyathA banI zake nahi. (bIjI ukti vize ahIM AgaLa upara joIzuM.) nayacakra pachI lagabhaga 125-150 varSa bAdanI sUtrakRtAMgacUrNi'(A I. sa. 675700)mAM AvI ja matalabanuM, jarA vizeSa spaSTIkaraNayukta (paNa sAmAnya koTinuM) subhASita TAMkyuM cheSa : yathA : kaNTakasya ca tIkSNatvaM mayUrasya ca citratA / paurNAzca nIlatA''mrANAM svabhAvena bhavanti hi // nayacakramAM jyAM 'mRgapakSI' (pazu-paMkhI) evuM sAmAnyarUpe vidhAna che tyAM ahIM
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________________ nirprantha aitihAsika lekha-samuccaya-1 moranA citarAmaNa ane poyaNAnA vAdaLI varNane dRSTAMtarUpe, jANe ke mallavAdI dvArA udAhRta padyanAM pratyuttara, pratighoSa, ane bhASyanA hetuthI rajU karyuM hoya ! 24 AvA ja bhAvane vyakta karatuM eka trIjuM sUktipadya jinabhadraguNa kSamAzramaNanI suvizruta kRti 'vizeSAvazyakabhASya' (A I. sa. 5857) paranI koTTAryagaNinI, jinabhadragaNinI apUrNa rahelI mULa TIkAnI pUrtirUpe racAyela, saMskRta vRtti (A I sa 700-725)mAM jovA maLe che : tathA vADu: kenAJcitAni nayanAni mRgAGganAnAM ko'laGkaroti rucirAGgaruhAnmayUrAn / kazcotpaleSu dalasaMcaniyaM karoti ko vA dadhAti vinayaM kulajeSu puMsu // "mRgalInAM neNamAM kALAza koNa AMje che ? moranA DIlane raMgalIlAthI koNa AbhUSita kare che ? poyaNAnI pAMkhaDIono (nIlamaya) saMpuTa koNa sarje che ? kulIna puruSamAM vinayano vibhAva koNa pragaTAve che ?" A sUktinuM uttararUpeNa padya hatuM ke nahi enI khabara nathI; vAstavamAM enI AvazyakatA nathI, kema ke praznamAlAmAM ja uttaramekhalA samAyelI che. matalaba spaSTa ja che ke 'svabhAva'thI ja badhuM upasthita hoya che, koTTAryagaNie paNa vivaraNanA pUrvAMgamAM sarvathA svabhAvavRta DvAyaM... ityAdi kahyuM ja che. uparyukta padya jarA zAM pAThAMtaro sAthe siMhasUri kSamAzramaNanI dvAdazAranayacakravRtti1 (A I sa 67512) aMtargata paNa maLe che H vRtti parathI ema lAge che ke mULa nayacakramAM paNa A ukti pahelI uktinI sAthe ja uddhRti thayelI. banne padyo nayacakramAM saLaMgasUtrI hovA chatAM enA racayitAo bhinna hovAnuM to prauDhinI bhinnatA 52thI jaNAI Ave che. nayacakra mUla ane vRttino pATha A pramANe che : kenAJcitAni nayanAni mRgAGkanAnAM ko vA karoti rucirAGgaruhAn mayUrAn / kazcotpaleSu dalasannicayaM karoti ko vA karoti vinayaM kulajeSu puMsu // ahIM pahelA caraNamAM mUkUnanAM ne sthAne dIdhela 'mudanAnAM' pATha bhraSTa jaNAya che ane cothA caraNamAM 'dghAti' ne sthAne 'zeti' pATha ayukta che". eka anya sthaLanA avalokanathI spaSTa thAya che ke sUtrakRtAMgacUrNikArane paNa A padya paricita hatuM; jo ke emaNe enuM prathama pada ja uddhRti karyuM che5, guptottara kAlamAM jaina graMthomAM avataraNarUpe saMgrahAI gayela A samAna bhAva vyakta karatI sUktionA srota tatkAlIna ke e samaye upalabdha haze te, nItiparaka ke svabhAvavAdI dArzanika graMthomAMthI lIdhA hoya ema lAge che. mallavAdIvALuM uddharaNa alabatta bauddha mahAvi
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________________ 'svabhAva sattA' viSayaka traNa jUnA jaina graMtha aMtargata maLatAM uddharaNo vize azvaghoSanA buddhacarita(prAyaH IsvI prathama sadI, AkharI caraNa)mAMthI levAmAM AvyuM che. A paghonA raciyatA e haze jemaNe janasAdhAraNamAM, vyAvahArika sUjhabUjhavALI lokabhASAmAM, pracAramAM haze tevI parijJAnapUrNa ane samAnArtha kahevatone saMskArI, vidagdhone mAnya bane tevA rUpamAM, saMskRta paghomAM nibaddha karI hovAno saMbhava che. kaMI nahi toye koTTAryagaNie (ane emanI pahelAM mallavAdI sUrie) TAMkela sUktimAM AvAM pariSkAra, biba-pralaMbana ane vaidacya spaSTatayA vyakta thAya che. dunvayI zANapaNa prakaTa karatI lokoktiono Adara prAcIna nItikAroe karyo ane emanI e parathI ghaDela pariSkRta racanAono dArzanika paMDitoe potAnA dRSTikoNathI yathocita yathAsthAne upayoga karyo e vAta pRthaJjananI taththAvalokanAne aMjalirUpa che. TippaNo : 1. Amika vyAkhyAomAM to mUlasUtrasparzI vA niryukti ke bhASya 52 I. sa. 600-700nA gALAmAM lakhAyelI prAkRta cUrNio ane saMskRta vRttio, zivazarman(zivanaMdI vAcaka ?)kRta karma-prakRti, zataka, sattari ityAdi karmagraMtho (IsvIsanuM payuM zataka) paranI jUnI cUrNio, mallavAdikRta dvAdazAranayacakra (A I. sa. 550), haribhadrasUriSkRta savRtti anekAMtajayapatAkA (A I. sa. 775), kRSNarSi-ziSya jayasiMhasUrinI saTIka dharmopadezamAlA vivaraNa saM 915 / I saTa 859 ane dharmadAsagaNiviracita upadezamAlA (A I. sa. 550) 52nI siddharSinI vRtti (IsvIsannA 10mA zatakanuM prathama caraNa), sarakhI dharmopadezAtmaka graMtha-vRttiomAM aneka mUlyavAna ane keTalAka to alabhyamAna graMthonAM tema ja keTalIye ajJAta racanAonAM uddharaNa maLe che. 25 2. prastuta graMthano prathama bhAga (saM. muni jaMbUvijaya, bhAvanagara, 1966), pRSTha 191 tathA 222. A pagha pachIthI guNaratna(14mI sadI)nI haribhadrasUrinA SaDdarzanasamuccaya paranI tarkarahasyadIpikAmAM uddhRta thayeluM maLe che. emanA pahelAM navAMgavRttikAra abhayadevasUrinI praznavyAkaraNasUtra paranI TIkAmAM enA prAraMbhanA zabdo levAyelA che. 3. muni jaMbUvijayajI nayacakrane rAjagar3Iya prabhAcaMdrAcAryanA prabhAvakacarita(saM. 1334 I. sa. 1277)nA AdhAre IsvIsannI pAMcamI zatAbdInA pUrvArdhamAM mUke che H (ane mane smaraNa che ke sva paM sukhalAla saMdhavI paNa). mallavAdIe TAMkela avataraNonA adhyayanathI to eka vAta spaSTa che ke eo bauddha dArzanika dicnAga (A I. sa. 480-560) pachI ja thayA che. vizeSamAM emaNe Avazyakaniyukti(A I. sa. 125)mAMthI paNa uddharaNo lIdhAM hoI emane vahelAmAM vahelA IsvIsan 550 AsapAsamAM mUkI zakAya. (upalabdha mukhya niryuktionI racanA-thoDI purANI saMgrahaNI-gAthAone samAvIne-IsvIsan 503 / 516nA arasAmAM thayela dvitIya vAlabhI vAcanA pachI turatamAM ja thayelI hovAnuM jaNAya che. bIjI bAju jovA jaIe to mallavAdI mImAMsaka kumArila bhaTTa (A I. sa. 550-600), bauddha dArzanika dharmakIrti (ATha I. sa. 625-66), digaMbara jaina vidvAno samaMtabhadra (A I. sa. 575650) tema ja pUjyapAda devanaMdI (A I. sa. 630-680) AdinI vicAradhArAo tathA racanAothI ni ai bhA. 1-4
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________________ nirjhanya aitihAsika lekha-samuccaya-1 anabhijJa che. AthI mallavAdIne maitrakayugamAM, enA prathama tabakkAmAM, mUkavA ThIka lAge che, 8. Ed. Muni Shri Punyavijaya, Ahmedabad-Varanasi, 1975. pa, ejana, pR. 26, A padya zIlAcAryanI sUtrakRtAMga-vRttimAM paNa uddhata thayuM che; paNa tyAM pa DyuM nItADaWIFT ne badale va 8 tAkUDAno evo pAThAMtara maLe che. For details, see V. M. Kulkarni, "Svabhava (Naturalism) : A Study," English Section, Shri Mahavira Jain Vidyalaya Golden Jubilee Volume, Part 1, Bombay 1968, pp. 10-20. 6. "poyaNA' zabdanI vyutpatti (saM.) 'pAthI nIpajatA (pra) uma" parathI mAnavAmAM AvI che, paNa ahIM to eno purogAmI zabda "pau' maLe che : to zuM samajavuM ? "pUrNa' parathI "paoNrNa zabda banyo che ? parNanI vA pUnama sAthe enA khIlavAne saMbaMdha haze ke tenI pAMkhaDIonA pauNe kalApane kAraNe parNa' nAma saMskRta lekhakoe banAvyuM haze, ke pachI "pauma'nuM punaHsaMskRtIkaraNa "paoNrNa karyuM haze? Ano nirNaya to bhASAvido ja karI zake 7. nivRti kulanA AcArya jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa I. sa. pa94nA arasAmAM divaMgata thayA che. svargagamana pUrve prAkRta-bhASA-nibaddha svaracita vizeSa-Avazyaka-bhASyanI 2318nA aMka paryattanI gAthAonI saMskRta TIkA racI zakelA. A vRttithI agAu, paNa bhASya racI rahyA bAda, vaccenA gALAmAM emaNe jItazya-bhANa tema ja vizeSaNavatI sarakhA graMthonI racanA karI che. AthI emanA vizeSa-AvazyakabhASyano samaya I. sa. 585nA arasAno hovAnuM meM anumAna karyuM che. 6. Ed. Pt. Dalsukh Malvania, Pt. II, Ahmedabad 1968. 9. ejana pR. 428. 10. ejana. 11. jaMbUvijaya, uryukta, pR. 191. 12. jo ke jaMbUvijayajIe siMhasUri kSamAzramaNanI nayacakravRttino samaya koDhAryavAdigaNi tema ja dharmakIrtithI pUrvano, paNa jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNathI kadAcitu bAdano, eTale ke lagabhaga I. sa. 600-625no mAnyo che, paNa emanA praziSya-tattvArthAdhigamasUtranA vRttikAra gaMdhahastI siddhasena-no samaya IsvIsananA AThamA zatakanA pUrvArdhamAM nizcita thato hoIne ane tattvArthavRttimAM digaMbarAcArya bhaTTa akalaMkadevanA tattvArtharAjavArtika tema ja siddhivinizcayano paricaya vartAto hoI siMhasUrino samaya jaMbUvijayajInI gaNanAthI pacAseka varSa bAdano hovo ghaTe. (bhaTTa akalaMkadevanI uparikathita kRtio lagabhaga I. sa. 740-750nA arasAnI hovAno saMbhava hoI siddhasenAcAryanI kRtinI samayasthiti vahelAmAM vahelI I. sa. 750-760nA arasAnI saMbhavI zake. e vAta lakSamAM laIe to dvAdazAhanacakravRttine IsvI 675 pahelAM mUkI zakAya evA saMjoga nathI) 13. muni jaMbUvijaya, uparyukta, pR. 222. 14. dvAdazAnayacakravRttinI prato bahu moDenI che ane tethI emAM saheje ja pAThavikRti evuM varNavikAra thavAno moko rahe che.
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________________ "svabhAva-sattA' viSayaka traNa jUnA jaina graMtha aMtargata maLatAM uddharaNo vize 15. muni puNyavijayajI, uparyukta, pR. 29. 16. zrI kulakarNI sAhebanA uparakathita vizada ane vidvattApUrNa lekha(juo upara TippaNa 5)mAM bIjA paNa keTalAka jaina-ajaina graMthomAMthI saMdarbhocita uddharaNo dIdhAM che. anupUrti prA. baMsIdhara bhaTTa taraphathI mane pUrtirUpe ahIM eka noMdha maLI che, je yathAtathA emanA patramAMthI uddhata karIza : "ITcAri gRrnAnAM....to subhASita saMgrahaNo. 17363)mAM pheraphAra sAthe maLe che, te ane 4 kairAnAm.... AvA badhA verses floating che; ane temAMthI A jaina vidvAnoe lIdhA che. Ape vizva nauttatA... mAM para ne badale V.L awa ane te zloka yaza tawvUDAnAM.... A pramANe paNa jAya che ! AvA verses floating hoya che."