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________________ 18. sauhArdarti zrI motIlAla kApaDiyA bALapaNa ane abhyAsa: jaina samAjanI unnati karanArI dareka pravRtti mATe potAnuM jIvana samarpita karanAra motIlAla kApaDiyAno janma tA. 7-12-1879nA roja bhAvanagaramAM thayo hato. bI. e. sudhIno abhyAsa temaNe bhAvanagaramAM kyoM ane elaela. bI.nA abhyAsa mATe teo muMbaI AvyA. I. sa. 1910 mAM temaNe solisiTaranI parIkSA pasAra karI ane temanA mitra devIdAsa desAI sAthe maLIne "motIcaMda enDa devIdAsa' nAmanI solisiTaranI peDhInI sthApanA karI. jaina samAjanI bahu jANItI vyakita kuMvarajI kApaDiyA temanA kAkA hatA. temanI pAsethI temaNe UiMDA dhArmika saMskAro meLavyA ane dharmasAhityamAM UMDI abhiruci prApta karI. sAmAjika saMsthAkIya ane rASTrIya pravRttio solisiTaranI kArakirdI daramiyAna temaNe eka dhaMdhAdArI solisiTara tarIke sArI nAmanA meLavI. uparAMta, jAhera jIvananAM aneka kSetromAM temaNe praveza kyo ane dareka kSetrane anekavidha sevAo vaDe temaNe zobhAvyuM. jaina samAjanI eka paNa pravRtti evI nahotI ke jemAM temaNe mahatvano phALo Apyo na hoya. jaina samAjamAM temaNe zarU karelI be mukhya pravRttio "zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya" ane "zrI jaina zve. mU. konpharansa' sAthe no temanuM nAma sadAne mATe 137
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________________ 138 arvAcIna jaina jayotirdharo joDAyeluM raheze, muMbaInI kaoNlejomAM bhaNatA jaina vidyArthIone rahevAkhAvAnI sagavaDa maLI rahe e mATe temaNe I. sa. 1916nI sAlamAM 'zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya 'nI sthApanA karI hatI. A saMsthAnA teo prAraMbhathI ja maMtrI hatA; eTaluM ja nahi paNa prANapUraka AtmA hatA. A saMsthAnA vikAsa mATe teo aneka apamAno sahIne, ghera ghera phaMDa mATe pharyA hatA. zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya temanI covIse kalAkanI ciAno viSaya hato. Aje A saMsthA khUba vikAsa pAmI che ane tenI aneka zAkhA-prazAkhAo nirmANa thaI cUkI che. e temanI 34 varSanI akhaMDa tapasyAnuM eka mUrtimaMta ciraMjIvI smAraka che. AvI ja rIte zrI jaina zve. mU. kaoNnphransane aneka pratikULatAo vacce jIvatI ane vegavatI rAkhavA mATe temaNe apAra prayatna karyo che. temanA dilamAM kaoNnpharansa mATe UMDI lAgaNI hatI. A kaoNnpharansamAM temaNe ghaNA samaya sudhI agrasthAne rahI kArya karyuM che. samayanA parivartana sAthe temanA vicAro ane valaNamAM paNa uttarottara parivartana thaI rahyuM hatuM. apratima zraddhALu jaina hovA chatAM temaja temanI dharmazraddhA jIvananA aMta sudhI jaLavAI rahI hovA chatAM aneka sAmAjika ane dhArmika prazno paratve temanuM valaNa samayanA parivartana sAthe badalAyuM hatuM. vicArakSetramAM vyApaka avalokana ane anubhavanA AdhAre parivartana cAlu rahetuM, tema chatAM sAmAjika kAryomAM temanAM valaNa ane kAryapaddhati haMmezAM samAdhAnakAraka rahetAM. teonI kAryapaddhati, vicAra karatAM kAryane vadhAre mahattva ApavAnI hatI. samAjanA vividha koTinA mANaso sAthe haLImaLIne cAlavuM, koIne leza paNa du:kha na thAya tema bolavuM ke vartavuM e temanI sahaja vRtti hatI. je saMsthAonuM emanA haiye hita vasyuM hatuM e saMsthAono utkarSa kema thAya ane Arthika lAbha kema thAya te rIte teo sau sAthe kAma letA. bAMdhachoDa karavI ane samAdhAna sAdhatA rahevuM, jUnA vargane saMbhALavo ane navA varga sAthe saMparka cAlu rAkhavo e temanI kAryanIti hatI. koI paNa zubha kAryamAM-pachI te komI ho, sAMpradAyika ho ke rASTrIya ho--potAthI bane teTalA madadarUpa thavuM A temanI jIvanaeSaNA hatI. temanuM mAnasa satata vikAsazIla hatuM. tethI temanI jAhera pravRtti paNa satata vikAsazIla banI hatI. zAna-ArAdhanA ane sAhityasevA : jevo ujajavaLa temano karmayoga hato tevo ja ujjvaLa temano jJAnayoga hato. temanuM vAcanakSetra ati vizALa hatuM. temAM paNa jaina sAhitya to temanA UMDA avagAhanano viSaya hato, sAhityavAcanano, bane teTalA sAmayika patro jotAM rahevAno, temane nAnapaNathI ja khUba zokha hato. teo vidyArthI avasthAmAM hatA tyArathI ja lekhanapravRtti tarapha vaLelA hatA. sauprathama temaNe 'jaina dharmaprakAza ' nAmanA mAsikamAM lakhavAnuM zarU kareluM; tyArabAda temanAM lakhelAM pustako avAranavAra pragaTa thavA lAgyAM.
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________________ sauhArdamUti zrI motIlAla kApaDiyA 139 temanAM lakhANono moTo bhAga jANItA jainAcAryonI viziSTa kRtionA savistara vivecano rUpe che. AdhyAtmika ane vairAgyapreraka sAhitya tarapha teo mULathI ja DhaLelA hatA. eTale vivecano mATe pasaMdagI paNa teo A DhabanA sAhityanI ja karatA. sauthI prathama zrI munisundarasUrie racela "adhyAtmakalpadrama" uparanuM temanuM vivecana sana 1909mAM pragaTa thayuM ane e atyanta lokapriya banyuM. tyAra pachI "AnaMdaghana padyaratnAvali'no pahelo bhAga bahAra paDyo. A daLadAra graMthamAM zrI AnaMdadhanajInAM paccAsa padonuM savistara vivecana karavAmAM AvyuM che. jaina muni zrI siddharSigaNie racela "upamiti bhavaprapaMca kathA' saMskRta bhASAsAhityano eka prasiddha ane bhavya graMtha che. teno AdyA anuvAda traNa bhAgamAM temaNe bahAra pADayo. temAMnA eka bhAgamAM siddharSinAM jIvana ane sAhityanI ati vistRta ane aMtihAsika samAlocanA karavAmAM AvI che. "zAnasudhArasa" nAmanA vairAgyarasapradhAna roya mahAkAvyanuM temaNe ulAsabharyuM vivecana pragaTa karyuM. DaoN. bulare lakhelA zrImad hemacaMdrAcAryanA jIvanacaritrano temaNe anuvAda karyo. A uparAMta jaina deSTie yoga, navayugano jaina, yazodhara caritra, motIzA zeThanuM caritra, 'bahota gaI thoDI rahI' vagere temaNe racelAM aneka nAnAM-moTAM pustako Aja sudhImAM pragaTa thaI cUkyAM che. I. sa. 1948 nA oNgasTa mAsanI moTI bImArI pachIthI avasAna sudhInA aDhI varSanA gALA daramiyAna "prazamarati' nAmanA jANItA dharmagraMtha upara temaNe savistara vivecana lakhyuM. zrI AnaMdadhananAM bAkInAM pado ane covIsI upara AnaMdaghana padyaratnAvalInA dhoraNe vivecana lakhI AnaMdaghanane lagatuM potAnuM kArya pUruM karyuM. mahAvIra svAmI viSe je kAMI kAvyo, stavano, bhajano racAyAM hoya te sarvane eka graMthAvalimAM saMgrahIta karavAnI temanI icchA hatI. A icchA mujaba A graMthAvalinI yojanAne temaNe pacIsa bhAgamAM vaheMcI nAkhI hatI. temAMthI mahAvIra svAmInA pUrvabhavane lagato pahelo vibhAga temaNe pUro karyo hato ane bIjo vibhAga avasAna pUrve thoDA samaya pahelAM zarU karyo hato. Ama temanuM apragaTa sAhitya paNa thobaMdha paDeluM che ane pragaTa sAhityamAMnA ghaNAkharA graMtho punarmudraNanI pratIkSA karI rahyA che. sAhityalekhananI zailI : temanA lekhanasAhityano samagrapaNe vicAra karatAM mAluma paDe che ke teo AmajanatAnA mAnavI hatA. temanI AMkha sAme ochuM bhaNelI ane ochI samajaNavALI bhadra janatA hatI. AvA janasamAjane dharmamArge, adhyAtmane paMthe, vairAgyanA raste vALavAnI temanA dilamAM UMDI tamannA hatI. pariNAme ekanI eka vAta teo pharIpharIne kahetA. eka ja tattvane bhinna bhinna svarUpamAM rajU karatAM teo kadI thAkatA nahotA. dharmakathAmAM punarukti e doSa nathI ema teo mAnatA. sAmAnya janatA TUMkAmAM na ja samaje evo temano anubhava hato. pariNAme temanI lekhanazailI sAdI, saraLa, jAtajAtanA TucakAothI bharelI ane prastuta viSayane sAdhAraNa rIte vistArathI AlekhavA tarapha sadA DhaLelI rahetI.
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________________ 140 arvAcIna jaina jyotirdharo viziSTa guNo ane saMskAritA : apratima AzAvAda e temanA jIvanano sauthI moTo guNa che. jayAre koI paNa prasaMga ke paristhiti aMge anya sarva ane nirAza banI beThAM hoya, tyAre temanI najara temAMthI paNa koI nAnuM-sarakhuM AzApreraka kiraNa zodhI kADhanI ane potAnuM nAva pUrA utsAhapUrvaka teo haMkArI mUkatA. temano bIjo eka viziSTa guNa temanI prakRtine vareluM umadA prakAranuM sauhA' hatuM. maratAMne paNa mara na kahevuM e temano svabhAva hato. nAnA-moTA sau koIne dilanA umaLakAthI bolAve, koInuM kAma karI chUTavAmAM AnaMda mAne, samAjahitakArI sa koI pravRttio viSe hArdika sahAnubhUti dharAve ane jayAM jeTalo potAno hAtha laMbAvI zakAya tyAM keTalo lAMbAvavAmAM jarA paNa pAchI pAnI na kare. jaina dharma pratye apratima anurAga tathA zraddhA hovA chatAM anya dharma ke saMpradAya pratye leza paNa anAdara na cittave-A temanAmAM rahelAM akhUTa sauhArdanAM ja vyakti svarUpo hatAM. avirata parizrama levAnI tAkAta e ja temanA jIvananI saphaLatAnI moTAmAM moTI cAvI hatI. 69mA varSe moTI mAMdagI AvI te pahelAM thAka zuM ne temaNe kadI jAyuM na hatuM. koI paNa bAbatamAM pAchaLa rahI javuM temane paravaDatuM ja nahi. temano bIjo eka anukaraNa yogya guNa namratA hato. temane jayAre koI paNa varganI ke saMsthAnI netAgIrI soMpAtI tyAre tene teo pUrI dakSatA ane apUrtA kAryazakti dvArA zobhAvatA. temanA bhAge jayAre koInA anuyAyI banavAnuM AvatuM to te anuyAthIdharmane paNa evI ja vaphAdArI ane kAryaniSThAthI temaNe sArthaka karyo hato. temaNe koInI pAchaLa cAlavAmAM kadI nAnama anubhavI nahotI. jemAM jenI viroSatA jaNAtI tyAM te vizeSatAne temaNe AdarapUrvaka svIkArI hatI. Ama, karmayoga ane jJAnayoga baMne dizAe aneka pravRttiothI bhareluM. sevAmArge vicaratA sau koIne anukaraNa karavA yogya, vyavahAra ane Adarzano suMdara samanvaya rajU karatuM lAMbuM jIvana vaTAvIne teo Aje anya loka prati sidhAvyA che ane cirasmaraNIya suvAsa mUkatA gayA che. sAmAnya saMyogomAMthI ekasarakhI dharmaniSThApUrvaka AgaLa vadhatAM vadhatAM eka mAnavI, jIvananA aMte saMcita sevAkAryono keTalo moTo saravALo mUkI jaI zake che teno zrI motIcaMdabhAInA jIvana upara najara karatAM khyAla Ave che, ane temAMthI ApaNane aneka preraNA maLe che.