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________________ satya kI sarvAGga sAdhanA zrI devendra muni zAstrI eka sikke ke do pahalU satya virAT hai / vaha ananta AkAza kI taraha vyApaka hai / vaha AtmA kA zuddha svarUpa hai, yathArtha abhivyakti hai| ataH vizva ke sabhI mUrdhanya manISiyoM ne eka svara se satya ke mahattva ko svIkAra kiyA hai / satya kI ArAdhanA aura sAdhanA hI sarvazreSTha aura sarvajyeSTha ArAdhanA aura sAdhanA hai| satya sUrya kI taraha jana-jana ke antarmAnasa ko Alokita karane vAlA vrata hai, to asatya amA kI rAtri kI taraha gahana andhakAramaya hai / satya aura ahiMsA ye donoM eka sikke ke do pahalU haiM / ahiMsA ke abhAva meM satya astitvahIna hai aura satya ke abhAva meM ahiMsA nirmUlya / ahiMsA ko yadi niSedhAtmaka mAnA jAya to satya usakA vidheyAtmaka pakSa hai| satya jIvana kA mUla tattva hai, vyAvahArika jIvana kA mUla AdhAra hai aura AdhyAtmika sAdhanA kA prANa hai| satya kI ArAdhanA ke binA sArI sAdhanA mithyA hai aura sArA vyAvahArika jIvana bhI asta-vyasta hai| satya kI paribhASA bhAratIya cintakoM ne satya para gaharAI se cintana karake usakI paribhASA karate hue likhA hai-jo zabda sajjanatA kA pAvana saMdeza pradAna karatA hai, saujanya bhAvanA ko ubuddha karatA hai aura jo yathArtha vyavahAra kA punIta pratIka hai, vaha satya hai / jisa zabda ke prayoga se janajana kA hita hotA hai, kalyANa hotA hai, AdhyAtmika abhyudaya hotA hai, vaha satya hai|' sat vaha hai, jisakA kabhI bhI nAza nahIM hotaa| jo naSTa ho jAtA hai, vaha sat nahIM hai| kurukSetra ke maidAna meM arjuna kI jijJAsA para karmayogI zrIkRSNa ne kahA---jo asat hai, usakA kabhI janma nahIM hotaa| vaha kabhI astitva meM nahIM AtA aura jo sat hai, vaha kabhI bhI naSTa nahIM ho sktaa| sat hara samaya vidyamAna rahatA hai| vaha atIta kAla meM bhI thA, vartamAna meM hai aura bhaviSya meM bhI rhegaa| vaha trikAlavartI hai| jainadarzana ke mahAn cintaka AcArya umAsvAti ne sat kI paribhASA karate hue likhA hai---jo padArtha utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya se yukta hai, vaha sat hai| jaina dRSTi se vizva ke sabhI padArtha yA tattva jar3a aura caitanya ina do tattvoM meM samAviSTa ho jAte haiN| aisA koI samaya nahIM, jinameM ina donoM tatvoM kA koI astitva na rahA ho, pratyeka vastu dravya rUpa se nitya hai, paryAya rUpa se usameM utpAda bhI hotA hai, aura vinAza bhI hotA hai| badalatI huI paryAyoM meM bhI jo apane mUla svabhAva ko nahIM chor3atA, vaha dravya hai / padArtha kA mUla guNa hara samaya apane hI svarUpa meM sthita rahatA hai / satya yathArtha hai, vAstavika hai, usameM kisI bhI prakAra kA sammizraNa nahIM hai / isIlie sat se satya zabda niSpanna huA hai| jisakA astitva tInoM kAloM meM hai vaha sat hai vahI satya hai| satya zabda tathya ke artha meM bhI vyavahRta huA hai| jo vastu jaisI dekhI hai, yA sunI va samajhI hai, usa vastu ko jana-jana ke hita ke lie usI rUpa meM kahanA, vacana ke dvArA usa tathya ko prakaTa karanA hI satya hai| maharSi pataMjali ne vyAsa-bhASya meM satya kA lakSaNa batAte hue kahA--satyaM yathArtha vAGmanasI yathAdRSTaM yathAzrutaM / satya kI mahimA eka jijJAsu ne bhagavAn mahAvIra se pUchA-isa virAT vizva meM aisI kauna-sI vastu hai, jo sArapUrNa ho ! bhagavAn ne kahA-.. 1. 'sadbhyo hitaM satyam / ', AcArya zAMtisUri : uttarAdhyayana TIkA 2. 'nAsato vidyate bhAvo, nAbhAvo vidyate st:|', gItA 3. 'utpAdavyayadhrauvyayuktaM sat / ', tatvArthasUtra, 26 4. 'kAlanaye tiSThatIti sad tadeva satyam / ' 5. yogadarzana, sAdhanapAda, sUtra 3 jaina darzana mImAMsA
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________________ isa loka meM satya hI sArabhUta hai|' satya rahita jo bhI hai, vaha nissAra hai kyoMki satya samasta bhAvoM kA prakAza karane vAlA hai| satya kI mahattA pradarzita karate hue bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA-satya mahAsAgara se bhI adhika gambhIra hai, candra se bhI adhika saumya hai aura sUryamaNDala se bhI adhika tejasvI hai| satya kevala vANI taka hI sImita nahIM hai| vaha abhivyakti kA hI prakAra nahIM hai| satya kA janma sabase pahale mana meM hotA hai aura bAda meM vaha vANI ke dvArA vyakta hotA hai tathA AcaraNa ke dvArA vaha mUrtarUpa letA hai| yadi mana meM alaga vicAradhArA cala rahI hai, vANI se anya vicAra ugale jA rahe haiM aura AcAraNa dUsare hI rUpa meM kiyA jA rahA hai, to vastutaH vaha vyakti satyaniSTha nahIM hai| usake jIvana meM yathArthatA nahIM hai| satyaniSTha vyakti ke mana, vacana aura AcaraNa meM ekarUpatA rahatI hai, anekatA nahIM! usake antarmAnasa meM jo cintana calatA hai, vahI vANI ke dvArA mUrta rUpa letA hai aura vahI AcaraNa ke dvArA jana-jana ko abhinava preraNA detA hai| yadi mana meM asatya kA viSa vyApta hai aura vANI se satya kA amRta barasa rahA hai to vaha kevala vAkchala hai / vaha vAkchala dUsaroM ke vinAza ke lie hai| aisI madhura vANI jo satya pratIta hotI hai kintu yathArthata: satya nahIM hai, vaha kipAka phala ke sadRza hai| jisameM halAhala vipa rahA huA hai| aise vyakti ko bhAratIya cintakoM ne dhUrta mAnA hai| vaha viSakumbhapayomukha hai / vaha mahAtmA nahIM, durAtmA hai / bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA-satya kI nirmala dhArA sarvaprathama mana meM bahanI cAhie, phira vacana meM, aura phira AcaraNa meN| jisake mana, vacana aura kAyA meM satya samAna rUpa se pravAhita hai, vaha mahAtmA hai-pavitra AtmA hai / satya jaba taka jIvana ke aNu-aNu meM vyApta nahIM hotA, taba taka usameM camatkAra paidA nahIM hotA hai| koI vyakti pratijJA grahaNa karatA hai ki maiM amuka kArya kara dUMgA, yadi vaha kArya nahIM karatA hai to vaha satya kA AcaraNa nahIM huA! rAjA harizcandra ne satya ke lie hI saba kucha chor3a diyA thaa| prazna vyAkaraNa meM kahA hai--"jaisA kahA hai vaisA kriyA ke dvArA sAkAra karanA satya hai !" saccaM jaha bhaNiyaM taha ya kammuNA hoi (sNvrdvaar)| satya prajvalita pradIpa satya jagamagAtA huA eka prajvalita pradIpa hai, jo jana-jana ko Aloka pradAna karatA hai / satya kI carcA nahIM, arcA Avazyaka hai| eka bAra paNDita javAharalAla neharU ne apane vaktavya meM kahA-'maiMne DAkTara rAjendraprasAda jI ko jIvana meM kabhI asatya bolatehae nahIM dekhA aura na sanA hI!" rAjanIti meM rahakara bhI satya kA prayoga jIvana meM kiyA jA sakatA hai / jo loga yaha samajhate haiM ki rAjanIti meM asatya ke binA kArya nahIM cala sakatA, unake lie prastuta udAharaNa sarca-lAiTa kI taraha upayogI hai|| jIvana kI USmA : satya satya mAnava ke ujjvala caritra kA sajaga praharI hai| vaha praharI jaba taka sajaga rahatA hai, taba taka burAiyA~ phaTakane nahIM paatiiN| zarIra meM se USmA yadi nikala jAye to vyakti jIvita nahIM raha sakatA / jaba taka USmA hai, zarIra ke kaNa-kaNa meM prANa hai, taba taka vaha jIvita hai| usameM camaka-damaka hai, vaha bar3hatA hai, sundara banA rahatA hai aura prANa nikalate hI vaha sar3atA hai, galatA hai, usameM kIr3e kulabulAne lagate haiM, usa murde zarIra kA sthAna ghara nahIM hotA, zmazAna hotA hai| zava kA cAhe kitanA bhI zRMgAra kiyA jAye, vaha nirarthaka hai| vaise hI satya rahita jIvana kI sthiti hotI hai| vaha bhI satya kI USmA se rahita niSprANa ho jAtA hai| asatya dhUeM ke bAdala ke sadRza hai / ve bAdala bhale hI umar3aghamaDakara AyeM, kintu ve bikharane ke lie hote haiM, barasane ke lie nahIM! una bAdaloM se bhUmi kI pyAsa nahIM bujha sakatI, aura na khetI hI lahalahA sakatI hai| asatya kA mUla srota hameM sarvaprathama yaha samajhanA hogA ki asatya kA mUla srota kahAM hai ? aisI kauna-sI Antarika vRttiyA~ haiM jisake kAraNa asatya janma letA hai| nyAya kA yaha pUrNa nizcita siddhAnta hai ki binA kAraNa ke kArya nahIM ho sakatA / kAraNa meM jo guNa hoMge, ve kArya meM bhI apane 1. 'saccaM logammi sArabhUyaM / ', praznavyAkaraNa, 22 2. 'sacca 'pabhAsaka bhavati savvabhAvANaM / ', vahI, 22 3. 'saccaM 'gaMbhIrataraM gahAsamuddAo, sacca somataraM caMdamaMDalAo, dittataraM suurmNddlaao|', vahI, 22 4. 'maNasacce, vayasacce, kaayscce|' 5. 'manasyekaM vacasyekaM kAye caikaM mahAtmanAm / manasyanyad vacasyanyad kAye cAnyad durAtmanAm / / ' AcAryaratna zrI dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja abhinandana grantha
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________________ Apa aayeNge| yadi kAraNa asatya hai to kArya satya kadApi sambhava nhiiN| kalpanA kIjie--eka kumbhakAra miTTI ke bartana banA rahA hai| ve miTTI ke bartana jinake mUla meM miTTI hai, ve sone-cAMdI ke nahIM bana sakate / jaisA kAraNa hogA, vaisA hI kArya hogaa| kAraNa-kArya ke niyamoM meM parivartana nahIM ho sktaa| jaina dArzanikoM ne kahA--asatya kA mUla-kAraNa mithyAtva hai| mithyAdRSTi ke satya bhASaNa ko vyavahAra kI bhASA meM satya kahA jA sakatA hai kintu vAstavika dRSTi se vaha satya nahIM hai, kyoMki use satya-dRSTi prApta nahIM hai| eka vyakti jisane madirA pI rakhI ho aura usa madirA ke naze meM unmatta banA huA ho| usa samaya vaha pitA ko pitA, putra ko putra, patnI ko patnI aura mAtA ko mAtA kahatA hai aura unake sAtha usI prakAra kA vyavahAra bhI karatA hai, sthUla dRSTi se vaha satya pratIta hotA hai, tathApi vaha apane hoza meM nahIM hai, usakA dimAga durusta nahIM hai / ata: vaha dUsare kSaNa dUsarI bAta bhI kaha sakatA hai / bhAgya ke bharose jo kucha bhI muMha se nikala jaaye| para vaha svayaM nahIM samajhatA hai ki maiM kyA bola rahA hUM? aisI hI sthiti eka pAgala vyakti kI bhI hotI hai| vaha eka kSaNa meM prema se vArtAlApa karatA hai to dUsare kSaNa khUkhbAra bher3iye ke samAna mArane ke lie bhI lapaka sakatA hai / usake muMha se nikalI huI satya bAta bhI pramANa rUpa nahIM mAnI jA sakatI, kyoMki usameM viveka aura vicAra kA Aloka nahIM hai| jisakI dRSTi meM mithyAtva kI malinatA hai, ajJAna kA gahana andhakAra hai, usakA satya, satya nahIM hai| satya vahI hotA hai, jise vivekadRSTi prApta ho cukI hai aura jise satya-dRSTi upalabdha ho jAtI hai, vaha ananta, aparimita, aura asIma satya ke saMdarzana kara sakatA hai| satya-dRSTi aura satya satya aura satya kI dRSTi meM antara hai| jo samyagdRSTi sAdhaka hai, usakI dRSTi samyak hotI hai jisake kAraNa vaha jo bhI grahaNa karatA hai, vaha satya ke lie hotA hai| yadi samyagdRSTi bhrAntivaza asatya kA AcaraNa kara bhI le kintu jJAta hone para vaha apanI bhrAnti aura tajjanya AcaraNa ko svIkArane meM bhI saMkoca nahIM karatA aura usI samaya usa AcaraNa ko chor3a detA hai / jaba use yaha parijJAta ho jAye ki usakA kathana satya nahIM hai to vaha usI kSaNa satya ko svIkAra kara letA hai| AcArya devavAcaka ne spaSTa zabdoM meM kahA hai' -- "yadi mithyAdRSTi samyakzruta ko bhI grahaNa karegA to vaha bhI samyakzruta usake lie mithyA meM hI pariNata hogA aura yadi samyagdRSTi mithyAzruta ko grahaNa karegA to vaha bhI usake lie samyagzruta ke rUpa meM pariNata hogaa|" jaise--gAya ghAsa ko bhI dUdha ke rUpa meM pariNata karatI hai aura sarpa dUdha ko bhI jahara ke rUpa meM pariNata kara detA hai, vaise hI jisakI dRSTi samyak hai usake dvArA jo bhI grahaNa kiyA jAyegA, vaha samyak hI hogA aura mithyAdRSTi dvArA grahaNa kiyA huA mithyA banegA / samyagdRSTi jahara ko bhI amRta ke rUpa meM pariNata kara detA hai aura mithyAdRSTi amRta ko jahara ke rUpa meM / yadi hamArA mana satya ko grahaNa karane meM samartha nahIM hai to hama satya ko grahaNa nahIM kara skte| yadi hamAre meM satya-dRSTi hai to hameM pratyeka paristhiti aura vastu meM satya ke darzana ho sakate haiN| asatya bolane ke kAraNa bhagavAn mahAvIra ne asatya bhASaNa ke kAraNoM para cintana karate hue kahA hai--mukhya rUpa se asatya cAra kAraNoM se bolA jAtA hai--krodha se, lobha se, bhaya se aura hAsya se / jaba mana meM krodha kI AMdhI cala rahI ho, lobha kA bavaNDara uTha rahA ho, bhaya kA bhUta mana para ho, aura hAsya kA prasaMga ho, usa samaya mAnava sahaja hI asatya-bhASaNa karatA hai, kyoMki ye vikAra jIvana kI pavitratA aura mAnava ke viveka ko naSTa kara dete haiM, jisase usakI vANI aura vyavahAra meM asatya prasphuTita hotA hai| yadi mana meM dayA kI srotasvinI pravAhita nahIM ho rahI ho, apitu pratizodha kI agni bhar3aka rahI ho, eka-dUsare ko hIna batAne kA prayatna cala rahA ho to manuSya karkaza bhASA kA prayoga karatA hai| isa prakAra kI karkaza, kaThora, prANiyoM ko paritApa dene vAlI, sapApakArI satya bhASA bhI asatya hai; kyoMki antarmAnasa meM jo vaibhAvika bhAvanAeM panapa rahI haiM ve satyavANI ko bhI asatya meM pariNata kara detI haiN| isake viparIta yadi mana meM ahiMsA kA Aloka jagamagA rahA ho, karuNA-dayA kI zItala saritA pravAhita ho, to vANI ke dvArA asAvadhAnI se nikalA huA asatya bhI satya hai| jaina dArzanikoM ne vyakti kI vANI kI apekSA vicAroM ko aura bhASA kI apekSA bhAvoM ko adhika mahattva diyA hai| 1. 'kAraNaguNapUrvako hi kArya guNo dRssttH|' 2. 'eyANi micchAdiTThissa micchattapariggahiyAI micchAmayaM / eANi ceva sammadiTThissa sammatapariggahiyAI sammasuyaM / / ', nandIsUtra 3. 'sabvaM bhaMte ! musAvAyaM paccakkhAmi-se kohA vA, lohA vA, bhayA vA, hAsA vA neva sayaM musaM vaejjA', dazavakAlika, 4/12 jaina darzana mImAMsA
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________________ AcArya agastya siMha sthavira', AcArya jinadAsa mahattara' aura AcArya haribhadra ne asatya ke cAra kAraNoM kA vizleSaNa karate hue unheM upalakSaNamAtra batAyA hai| krodha se mAna ko bhI sUcita kiyA gayA hai| lobha se mAyA ko bhI grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| bhaya aura hAsya kA kathana karane se rAga-dveSa, kalaha, abhyAkhyAna Adi kAraNoM kA bhI grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| isa taraha aneka vRttiyoM se asatya bolA jAtA hai / dazakAlika kI agastyasiha pUrNi aura jinadAsa cUrNi meM mRSAvAda ke cAra prakAra batAye gaye haiM --- (1) sadbhAva pratiSedha-jo hai, usake sambandha meM yaha kahanA hai ki yaha nahIM hai, jaise--jIva, puNya, pApa, bandha, mokSa Adi ke sambandha meM kahanA ki ye nahIM haiM / (2) asadbhAva udbhAvanA--jo nahIM hai, usake sambandha meM kahanA ki vaha hai, jaise- AtmA ke sarvagata aura sarvavyApI na hone para bhI use usa prakAra kA batalAnA yA AtmA ko zyAmAka, tandula ke samAna kahanA / (3) arthAntara - eka vastu ko anya batAnA, jaise- - gAya ko ghor3A kahanA, ghor3e ko gAya kahanA Adi / (4) garhA - jaise - kANe ko kANA kahanA, andhe ko andhA kahanA, napuMsaka ko napuMsaka khnaa| isa prakAra ke vacana bolanA jisase sunane vAle ko pIr3A ho / yadi koI mAnava durbhAgya se kANA yA andhA ho gayA hai, use ekAkSI yA andhA kahanA, laukika dRSTi se bhale hI satya ho, para marmakArI bhASA hone se vaha satya nahIM hai|" aise kathana meM vyaMgya aura ghRNA rahI huI hotI hai| bolane vAlA vyakti sunane vAle ke citta para coTa karake harSita hotA hai| use hIna batAkara apanI mahAnatA pradarzita karanA cAhatA hai| usake antarmAnasa meM AsurI vRtti aThakheliyA~ kara rahI hotI hai / jisase vaha usa vyakti ko khijhAnA va cir3hAnA cAhatA hai / andhe kA andhA aura kANe ko kANA kahanA yaha tathya ho sakatA hai para satya nahIM / tathya hitakara hI ho yaha bAta nahIM hai, vaha ahitakara bhI hotA hai| usameM rAga-dveSa kA sammizraNa bhI hotA hai, isalie vaha satya bhI asatya hai / satya kaho para cubhane vAlA na ho, jo asara kare para hRdaya meM cheda na kre| vahI satya bolo, jo jana-jana kA kalyANa karane vAlA ho / satyaM zivaM sundaram satya ke lie bhAratIya cintakoM ne kahA- 'vaha sundara ho, kalyANakArI ho|' jo kevala sundara hI hai aura kalyANakArI nahIM hai to vastutaH vaha satya nahIM hai| isIlie satyaM zivaM sundaram kahA gayA hai| satya eka aisI sAdhanA hai jise pratyeka vyakti svIkAra kara sakatA hai / vyakti apanI sAmarthya ke anusAra use grahaNa kara sakatA hai / skandapurANa meM kahA hai-- satya bolo, priya bolo, kintu apriya satya kabhI mata bolo| aura priya asatya bhI mata bolo|" parahita meM vA aura mana kA yathArtha bhAva hI satya hai|" yogasUtrakAra pataMjali ne kahA hai-satya-pratiSThita vyakti ko vAsiddhi prApta hotI / hai / yadi koI vyakti bAraha varSa taka pUrNa rUpa se satyavAdI rahe to usakI pratyeka bAta yathArtha hogii| etadartha hI yajurveda ke RSi ne kahAsatya ke patha para clo|" 40 1. sa cijinadArANi pRSTha- 140 3. dazavekAlika, hAribhadrIya TIkA, patra- 146 4. dazavekAlika, agastya siMha cUrNi 5. dazavekAlika, jinadAsacUrNi, pRSTha- 148 6. taheva kANaM kANe tti, paMDagaM paMDage ttiya / vAhiyaM vAvi rogitti, teNaM core ti no vae // ', dazavekAlika, 7 / 12 7. 'satyaM brUyAt priyaM brUyAt, na brUyAt satyamapriyam / priyaM ca nAnRtaM brUyAdeSa dharmaH sanAtanaH // ', skandapurANa, brA0 cha0ma0 688 8. ' para hitArtha vAGmanaso yathArthatvaM / ' 6. 'satyapratiSThAyAM kriyAphalAzrayatvam / ', yogasUtra, 2036 10. 'Rtasya panthA preta !', yajurveda, 7145 AcArya ratna zrI dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja abhinandana grantha
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________________ mAnava kA zreSTha guNa satya Rgveda meM kahA gayA hai--jo vyakti duSkarmI haiM, ve satya ke pavitra patha ko pAra nahIM kara skte| isIlie yajurveda meM RSi Izvara se prArthanA karatA hai - maiM asatya se bacakara satya kA anugAmI banUM / satya hI bolo, asatya kabhI mata bolo|' atharvaveda ke anusAra asatyavAdI varuNa ke pAza meM pakar3A jAtA hai| usakA udara phUla jAtA hai / 4 AcArya manu kA mantavya hai ki isa loka meM bhI asatya bolane vAloM ko ghora pApI mAnA jAtA hai| taskara kevala dUsaroM ke dhana kA apaharaNa karatA hai, para mRSAvAdI apanI AtmA ke sadguNoM kA bhI apaharaNa karatA hai / " sajjanoM ke bIca kisI bAta ko na batalAnA bhI asatya hai / zabda aura artha ko tor3a-maror3akara ulTe-sIdhe rUpa meM prastuta karanA, asatya ke sAtha hI steya kRtya kI taraha hai| zatapatha brAhmaNa meM satya ko mAnava kA sarvazreSTha guNa kahA hai| isake abhimatAnusAra asatyabhASI apavitra hai / vaha kisI bhI yajJa Adi pavitra kArya ko karane kA adhikArI nahIM hai| satya ke dvArA hI mAnava meM tejasvitA AtI hai / usakA nitya abhyudaya hotA hai tathA vaha siddhi ko varaNa karatA hai / jo vyakti satya bolatA hai, usakA teja pratipala-pratikSaNa bar3hatA hai aura asatya bolane vAle kA teja kSINa hotA calA jAtA hai / ataH sadA satya bhASaNa karanA cAhie / sRSTi satya para pratiSThita hai Rgveda ke RSi ne satya ko sarvocca sthAna diyA hai| unakA abhimata hai ki sRSTi kI utpatti ke krama meM sarvaprathama Rta aura satya utpanna hue / satya se hI AkAza, pRthvI, vAyu sthira haiN| satya ke samakSa asatya kI kiMcit bhI pratiSThA nahIM hai| eka anya vaidika AcArya ne bhI kahA hai-- pRthvI satya para AdhRta hai / satya ke kAraNa hI AkAza-maNDala meM camacamAtA huA sUrya sAre vizva ko prakAza aura tApa detA hai / satya ke kAraNa hI zItala-manda-sugandha pavana pravAhita hai| aura to kyA ? vizva kI jitanI bhI vastueM haiM, ve satya para pratiSThita haiM / " zivapurANa meM kahA hai - tarAjU ke eka palar3e meM hajAroM azvamegha yajJa ke puNya ko rakhA jAye aura dUsare palar3e meM satya ko rakhA jAye to hajAroM azvamegha yajJa ke puNya se bar3hakara satya kA puNya hai / " isIlie vAlmIki RSi ne rAma ke pavitra caritra kA uTaMkana karate hue likhA hai ki rAma ne apane prANoM ke lie bhI kabhI mithyAbhASaNa nahIM kiyaa|" rAma ne spaSTa zabdoM meM kahA na maiM pahale kabhI jhUTha bolA hUM aura na kabhI Age jhUTha bolUMgA / " santa tulasIdAsa ne bhI sabhI sukRtyoM kA mUla satya ko batAyA hai|" atharvaveda ke maMtra vibhAga meM maharSi zaunaka kI jijJAsA kA samAdhAna karate hue AcArya aMgirA ne satya kI gaurava garimA gAte hue kahA -- satya kI vijaya hotI hai, asatya kI nahIM / satya se devayAna mArga kA vistAra hotA hai, jisase AptakAma RSigaNa prastuta pada ko prApta hote haiN| jahAM para satya kA parama vidhAna hai / * zatapatha brAhmaNa meM likhA hai-satyavAdI ko prArambha meM bhale hI vijaya prApta na ho, para anta meM vijaya satyavAdI kI hI hotI hai| jaise---devatAoM aura asuroM 1. Rtasya panthA na tarati duSkRta:', Rgveda, 1/73/6 2. 'idamahamanRtAt satyamupaimi yajurveda, 1/5 3. (ka) 'satyaM vada', upaniSad (kha) 'satyameva vada nAnRtam', bodhAyanadharmasUtra, 6 / 6 4. atharvaveda, 4 / 16 5. manusmRti, 4 / 225 ''manusmRti 4/246 7. zatapathabrAhmaNa, 3/1/2/10 tathA 1/1/1/1 8. zatapathabrAhmaNa, 2/2/1/16 6. Rgveda, 7/104/22 10. 'satyena dhAryate pRthvI, satyena tapate raviH / satyena vAyavo vAnti, sarva satye pratiSThitam // ' 11. 'azvamedha sahasra' ca satyaM ca tulayAghRtam / azvamedha sahasrAddhi, satyamekaM viziSyate / ' zivapurANa, u0 saM0 12 / 25 12. 'dadyAnna pratigRhNIyAt satyaM brUyAnna cAnRtam / api jIvitahetorvA rAmaH satyaparAkrama // ', vAlmIki rAmAyaNa, 5 / 33 / 25 13. 'anRtaM noktapUrvaM me na ca vakSme kadAcana / ' 14. satya mUla saba sukRta suhaae|', rAmacaritamAnasa, 2 / 27/6 15. 'satyameva jayati nAnRtaM satyena panthA vitato devayAnaH / yenAkramantyUSayo hyAptakAmA yatra tat satyasya paramaM nidhAnaM // ', atharvaveda jaina darzana mImAMsA 41
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________________ ke bIca bhayaMkara yuddha huaa| usa yuddha meM pahale devatA parAjita hote rahe, anta meM vijaya unhIM kI huii| Atma-sAkSAtkAra kA sAdhana satya satya se hI devatAoM ne asuroM para vijaya - vaijayantI phaharAI thI / unakA apratima yaza saMvardhita huA thA / satya kaSToM ko bhI dUra karatA hai / aitareya brAhmaNa meM manu ke putra nAbhAnediSTha kA eka madhura prasaMga hai / nAbhAnediSTha ne satya bolakara bahumUlya pAritoSika prApta kiyA thA / isalie usane vijJoM ko yaha Adeza diyA ki Apa satya bolA kreN| mAnavamAtra bhUla kA pAtra hai| jIvana meM bhUla honA utanA burA nahIM hai| yadi jIvana meM koI pApa bhI ho gayA hai aura usa pApa ko mAnava satya rUpa meM svIkAra kara letA hai to vaha usa pApa se mukta ho jAtA hai / upaniSatkAra kA mantavya hai ki satya se AtmA upalabdha hotA hai / " satya Atma-sAkSAtkAra kA sAdhana hai| AtmAnubhUti kA hetu hai / satya para calanA kaThina jaina purANa sAhitya meM aise prasaMga prApta hote haiM, jahAM asatya bhASaNa se aneka vyaktiyoM kA patana huA hai| kiMcit asatya bhASaNa bhI vividha dvividhAoM aura patana kA kAraNa bana jAtA hai| jaise- rAjA vasu ne jAna-bUjhakara ajairyaSTavyam pada ke mithyA artha ko satya mAnakara usakA pratipAdana kara diyA thA tathA mithyA artha ke pakSa meM nirNaya kara diyA thA, jisase usakA siMhAsana pRthvI meM dhaMsa gayA thaa| mAnava-jIvana meM yadi satya-niSThA nahIM hai to usake jIvana meM dharma kA koI astitva hI nahIM hai / dharma kI jar3a satya para AdhRta hai / sAmAnya rUpa se satya para dRr3ha rahanA sahaja nahIM hai| satya kA patha talavAra kI dhAra para calane se bhI adhika kaThina hai| talavAra para do paise lekara bAjIgara bhI cala sakatA hai, apanI kalA dikhAkara jana-jana ke mana ko mugdha kara sakatA hai| kintu satya ke mArga para calanA atyadhika kaThina hai / talavAra kI dhAra para calane ke lie satata jAgarUkatA apekSita hai| binA tanmayatA ke nukIlI dhAra para calanA khatare se khAlI nahIM hai / jarA-sI asAvadhAnI se dhAra paira ko kATa sakatI hai / kintu satya kA mArga talavAra kI dhAra se bhI adhika tIkhA hai| kiMcit mAtra bhI asAvadhAnI yahAM nahIM cala sakatI / ataH satya ke pathika sAdhaka ko atyanta jAgarUkatA ke sAtha apane karttavya patha para bar3hanA cAhie / satya aura AcaraNa bhArata kI zAsakIya mudrA para satyameva jayate aMkita hai / dhArmika sthaloM para bhI satya bolane ke lie preraNA pradAna kI jAtI hai / cAhe dharmanetA hoM, samAjanetA hoM yA rASTranetA hoM ve sabhI satya bolane kI preraNA dete haiM aura asatya ke parihAra ke lie kahate haiN| para Aja jIvana se aura vyavahAra meM satya kitanA apanAyA jA rahA hai, yaha eka cintanIya prazna hai / pAzcAtya dArzanika Ara0 DablyU 0 emarsana ne eka bAra kahA thA-- satya kA sarvazreSTha abhinandana yaha hai ki hama jIvana meM usakA AcaraNa kreN| rASTrapitA mahAtmA gAMdhI ne bhI spaSTa zabdoM meM kahA-- jo vyakti satya ko jAnatA hai tathA mana, vacana, kAyA se satya kA AcaraNa karatA hai, vaha paramAtmA ko pahacAnatA hai| eka dina vaha mukti ko bhI varaNa kara sakatA hai / satya : jIvana kA AdhAra eka pAzcAtya cintaka ne likhA hai ki mAnava jIvana kI nIMva satya para AdhRta hai| satya sampUrNa jIvana aura sRSTi kA ekamAtra AdhAra hai / emarsana ne kahA hai - satya vaha hai, jise sundaratama aura zreSThatama AdhAra para mAnava apanA jIvana avasthita kara sakatA hai / satya kA AdhAra hI sarvopari tathA sarvazreSTha AdhAra hai / mahAbhArata ke udyogaparva meM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki jisa prakAra naukA ke sahAre se vyakti vizAla samudra ko pAra kara jAtA hai, vaise hI mAnava satya ke sahAre naraka-tiryaMca ke apAra duHkhoM ko pAra kara svarga prApta kara letA hai / 1. zatapathabrAhmaNa, 3/4 / 2 / 8 2. zatapathabrAhmaNa, 11/5/3/13 3. zatapathabrAhmaNa, 2/5/2/20 4. bRhadAraNyaka upaniSad, 3/1/5 5. 'kSurasya dhArAnizitA duratyayA, durgapathastat kavayo vadanti / ' 6. 'satyaM svargasya sopAna, pArAvArastu noriv|', mahAbhArata, udyoga parva 42 AcArya ratna zrI dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja abhinandana grantha
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________________ satya kA marahama zarIra meM jaba taka USmA rahatI hai taba taka yadi zarIra para makkhI-macchara Adi baiThate haiM to zarIra use sahana nahIM kara paataa| USmA samApta hone ke pazcAt yadi zarIra ke Tukar3e-Tukar3e bhI kara diye jAyeM to bhI use patA nahIM lgtaa| sAdhaka ke jIvana meM bhI satya kI USmA rahatI hai, taba taka koI bhI durguNarUpI makkhI-macchara use bardAzta nahIM hotaa| zAstroM meM batAyA gayA hai.----yadi kisI zramaNa se moha kI tIvratA ke kAraNa mahAvrata bhaMga ho gayA ho aura vaha AcArya, upAdhyAya yA gurujana ke samakSa jAkara apanI usa bhUla ko unake sAmane yathAtathya batAkara tathA prAyazcita lekara zuddha ho jAtA hai to usa zramaNa ko AcArya Adi variSTha pada bhI diyA jA sakatA hai| mahAvrata-bhaMga jaise bhayaMkara ghAva ko bhI satyarUpI marahama bhara detA hai / jisa zramaNa kA satya mahAvrata pUrNa rUpa se surakSita hai, vaha zramaNa anya mahAvratoM ko bhaMga karane para bhI sudhara sakatA hai / vaha apanI galatI ko galatI ke rUpa meM svIkAra kara apanI zuddhi kara sakatA hai| yadi sAdhaka bhUla karake bhI bhUla ko bhUla nahIM mAnatA hai, unakA prAyazcita nahIM karatA hai to usakA sudhAra kabhI bhI sambhava nahIM hai, vaha ArAdhaka nahIM bana sktaa| jaise gurutara va gupta vyAdhi se grasita rugNa vyakti cikitsaka ke sAmane gupta se gupta bAta bhI prakaTa kara detA hai to cikitsaka usake roga kA sahI nidAna kara detA hai / cikitsaka rugNa vyakti ke galata kAryoM kI nindA aura bhartsanA nahIM karatA, apitu auSadhi dekara tathA zalya cikitsA kara use jIvana-dAna dene kA prayAsa karatA hai / vaise hI sadguru rUpI cikitsaka bhI pApI se ghRNA nahIM karate, para prAyazcita dekara usake adhyAtma roga ko naSTa kara svastha banAte haiN| satya kA apUrva bala satya kA upAsaka sAdhaka svayaM kI galatiyoM ko galatI samajhakara una galatiyoM ko sudhAratA hai / etadartha hI satya ko svayaMbhU, sarvazaktimAn aura svatIrthagupta (rakSita) kahA gayA hai| satya meM apUrva bala hai| jisa sAdhaka meM satya kA bala vyApta ho, vaha sAdhaka topa va mazInaganoM ke sAmane bhI sInA tAnakara khar3A ho jAtA hai, vaha bhaya se kAMpatA nahIM hai / bAibila meM kahA hai satya hI mahAn hai aura paramazaktizAlI hai / yaha janabala, parijanabala, dhanabala aura sattAbala se bhI bar3hakara hai / asatya kA bala cAhe kitanA bhI bar3A kyoM na ho vaha kAgaja kI naukA kI taraha aura bAlU ke mahala kI taraha hai| jinake DUbane aura Dhahane meM samaya nahIM lagatA / maiMne dekhA hai-dillI meM rAmalIlA ke avasara para vizAlakAya rAvaNa ke putale nirmita hote haiM / jise dekhakara mana meM eka kutUhala hotA hai ki itane vizAlakAya rAvaNa ko eka nanhA sA rAma kaise samApta kara degA? para vaha putalA kAgaja aura bAMsa kI khapacciyoM se banA huA hotA hai jisameM bArUda hotA hai / jarA-sI cinagArI kA sparza pAte hI kucha hI kSaNoM meM jalakara bhasma ho jAtA hai / yahI sthiti asatya ke AdhAra para khar3e hue bAhya-AcaraNa kI hai| usameM vAstavikatA evaM sthiratA kA abhAva hotA hai| satya kA divya prabhAva satya kA vaTa vRkSa zanaiH zanaiH bar3hatA hai, phalatA hai, phUlatA hai; para usakI jar3eM bahuta hI gaharI hotI haiN| vaha zatAdhika varSoM taka apanA astitva banAye rakhatA hai, AMdhI aura tUphAna bhI use dharAzAyI nahIM kara paate| jabaki latAeM bahuta hI zIghratA se bar3hatI haiM aura zIghra hI naSTa bhI ho jAtI haiN| halkA sA sUryatApa unheM sukhA detA hai| aura mAmUlI varSA se hI ve sar3a jAtI haiN| isIlie kahA hai-- "satya meM hajAra hAthiyoM ke barAbara bala hotA hai"| satyaniSTha vyakti meM itanA adhika Atmabala hotA hai ki usake sAmane bhautika va anaitika bala Tika nahIM sktaa| AvazyakasUtra aura praznavyAkaraNasUtra meM satyavAdI kA mahattva pratipAdita karate hue likhA hai ki satyavAdI satya ke divya-prabhAva se virATakAya samudra ko taira sakatA hai / pAnI use DubA nahIM sakatA aura agni use jalA nahIM sktii| khaulatA huA tela, tapta-lohA, garma zIzA satyavAdI ke hAtha kA saMsparza hote hI barpha kI taraha zItala ho jAte haiN| parvata kI UMcI coTiyoM se girakara bhI vaha maratA nhiiN| zatruoM se ghirane para bhI zatru usakA bAla-bAMkA nahIM kara paate| yahAM taka ki deva bhI usake caraNoM kI dhUla lene ke lie lAlAyita rahate yogadarzana meM satya kI apAra zakti kA pariNAma pratipAdita karate hue kahA hai- satya-pratiSThAyAM kriyAphalAzrayatvam satya kA pUrNa paripAka ho jAne para kisI bhI prakAra kI koI kamI nahIM rhtii| vaha cAhe jise varadAna yA abhizApa de, vaha satya hokara hI rahatA hai| satya sudRr3ha kavaca hai pAzcAtya dArzanika kAMTa kA abhimata hai, satya vaha tattva hai jise apanAne para mAnava bhale-bure kI parakha kara sakatA hai| hRdaya meM jaina darzana mImAMsA
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________________ rahe hue sabhI sadguNoM ke vikAsa kI cAbI mAnava kI satyaniSThA meM sannihita hai| asatya durguNoM kI khAna hai| satya sabhI sadguNoM meM zreSTha hai, ataH Atmabala kI abhivRddhi aura Izvaratva saMprApta karane ke lie bhAratIya tattvacintakoM ne satya ko sabhI sadguNoM meM zreSTha sadguNa mAnA hai| cIna ke mahAn cintaka kanphyUziyasa kA abhimata hai ki jo satyArthI hogA, vaha karmaTha bhI hogaa| Alasya aura vilAsitA asatya kI dena hai| satya kA pavitra patha aisA patha hai, jisa para calane vAle ko na ahaMkArI satAyegA aura na mAyA hI parezAna kregii| satya aisA sudRr3ha kavaca hai, jise dhAraNa karane para durguNa cAhe kitanA bhI prahAra kare kintu satyavAda para unakA koI asara nahIM hogaa| satya abhISTa phala pradAna karane vAlA hai| eka kavi ne kahA hai-isa pRthvI para aisA kauna sA mAnava hai jisake hRdaya ko madhura va satya vacana haraNa nahIM karatA hai / vaha sabhI ke hRdaya ko AkarSita karane vAlA mahAmaMtra hai / saMsAra kA pratyeka prANI pratipala-pratikSaNa satya vacana sunane kI hI AkAMkSA karatA hai| deva bhI satya vacana se prasanna hokara manovAMchita phala pradAna karate haiM / isIlie tIna lokoM meM satya se bar3hakara anya koI bhI vrata nahIM hai| upaniSatkAra ne kahA hai- 'satya jJAnarUpa aura anantabrahmasvarUpa hai|'2 . satya mahAvrata kI bhAvanAeM gRhastha sAdhaka satya ko svIkAra to avazya karatA hai, para paripUrNa rUpa se vaha satya kA pAlana nahIM kara paataa| usakA satya aNuvrata hotA hai, kintu zramaNa satya ko pUrNa rUpa se svIkAra karatA hai, isalie usakA satya sirpha vrata nahIM, mahAvrata hotA hai| krodha, lobha, hAsya, bhaya, pramAda Adi mohanIya karma kI prakRtiyoM ke astitva meM rahane para bhI mana, bacana aura kAyA se tathA kRta, kArita aura anumodanA se kabhI bhI jhUTha na bolakara hara kSaNa sAvadhAnIpUrvaka hitakArI, sArthaka aura priyavacana bolanA satya mahAvrata hai|' nirarthaka aura ahitakArI bolA gayA satya vacana bhI tyAjya hai| isI taraha satya mahAvratI ko asabhya vacana bhI nahIM bolanA caahie|' 'yaha bhojana bahuta hI acchA banA hai, yaha bhojana bahuta hI acchI taraha se pakAyA huA hai' isa prakAra sAvadha vacana bhI use nahIM bolanA caahie| maiM prastuta kArya ko Aja avazya hI kara lUMgA' isa prakAra nizcayAtmaka bhASA kA bhI prayoga zramaNa ko nahIM karanA caahie| kyoMki sAvadha bhASA se hiMsA kI aura nizcayAtmaka bhASA ke bolane se asatya hone kI AzaMkA rahatI hai| isalie sAdhaka ko sadaiva hitakArI, priya va satya bhASA kA hI prayoga karanA cAhie / mana se satya bolane kA saMkalpa karanA bhAvasatya hai, satya bolane kA prayAsa karanA karaNasatya hai aura satya bolanA yogasatya hai| bhAvasatya se anta:karaNa vizuddha hotA hai, karaNasatya se satyarUpa kriyA ko karane kI apUrva zakti prApta hotI hai tathA yogasatya se mana-vacanakAyA kI pUrNa zuddhi hotI hai| ahiMsA ke udAtta saMskAroM ko mana meM sudRr3ha banAne ke lie jaise pAMca bhAvanAoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai, vaise hI satya mahAvrata kI sudRr3hatA ke lie pAMca bhAvanAeM pratipAdita kI gaI haiN| jo zramaNa ina bhAvanAoM kA manoyogapUrvaka cintana karatA hai, vaha saMsAra sAgara meM paribhramaNa nahIM krtaa| bhAvanAoM ke nididhyAsana se vratoM meM sthiratA AtI hai| manobala dRr3ha hotA hai aura nirmala saMskAra mana meM sudRr3ha hote haiN| ataH bhAvanAoM kA Agama-sAhitya meM vistAra se vizleSaNa kiyA gayA hai| AcArAMga", samavAyAMgaI, aura praznavyAkaraNa" meM bhAvanAoM kA nirUpaNa hai, para nAma va kramoM meM kahIM-kahIM antara hai| unake nAma isa prakAra haiM - 1. 'priyaM satyaM vAkyaM harati hRdayaM kasya na bhuvi ? giraM satyAM loka: pratipadamimAmarthayati ca // surAH satyAd vAkyAd dadati muditA: kAmitaphalam / ata: satyAd vAkyAd vratamabhimataM nAsti bhuvane // ' 2. 'satyaM jJAnamanantaM brahma / ' 3. uttarAdhyayana, 25/14; 16/27 4. uttarAdhyayana, 21/14 5. uttarAdhyayana, 1/24, 36 6. uttarAdhyayana, 31/17 7. 'tatstha thi bhAvanA paMca-paMca / ' 8. AcArAMga, dvitIya zrutaskandha, 15vAM bhAvanA-adhyayana hai. samavAyAMga, 25vA samavAya 10. praznavyAkaraNasUtra, saMvaradvAra, sAtavAM adhyayana AcAryaratna zrI dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja abhinandana grantha
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________________ AcArAMga meM-(1) anuvIcibhASaNa (2) krodhapratyAkhyAna (3) lobhapratyAkhyAna (4) abhaya (bhayapratyAkhyAna) (5) haasyprtyaakhyaan| samavAyAMga meM-(1) anuvIcibhASaNa (2) krodhaviveka (krodha kA parityAga) (3) lobhaviveka (lobha kA parityAga) (4) bhayaviveka (bhaya kA tyAga) (5) hAsyaviveka (hAsya kA tyaag)| praznavyAkaraNa meM-(1) anucintyasamitibhAvanA (2) krodhanigraharUpa kSamAbhAvanA (3) lobhavijayarUpa nirlobhabhAvanA (4) bhayamuktirUpa dhairyayukta abhayabhAvanA (5) hAsyamuktivacanasaMyamarUpa bhAvanA / caritraprAbhUta' meM - (1) akrodha (2) abhaya (3) ahAsya (4) alobha (5) amoha / praznavyAkaraNa kI bhAMti hI tatvArthasUtra kI TIkAoM sarvArthasiddhi aura rAjavArtika meM bhI krama milatA hai| ina pAMcoM bhAvanAoM meM jina kAraNoM se satya kI sAdhanA meM skhalanAeM ho sakatI haiM unase alaga-thalaga rahane ke lie preraNA pradAna kI gaI hai| pratipala-pratikSaNa cintana karane se sAdhaka meM ve saMskAra baddhamUla ho jAte haiM, jisase vaha kisI bhI samaya aura paristhiti meM asatya kA upayoga nahIM kara sktaa| hama yahAM praznavyAkaraNa ko mUla AdhAra mAnakara hI una bhAvanAoM para cintana kara rahe haiN| (1)anucintya-samiti-bhAvanA anucintya athavA anuvicintya se tAtparya hai satya ke vibhinna pahaluoM para puna: punaH cintana kara bolanA / jaba taka jIvana ke kaNakaNa meM evaM mana ke aNu-aNu meM satya pUrNarUpa se rama nahIM jAtA, vahAM taka satya kI sAdhanA va ArAdhanA pUrNa nahIM hotii| satya kI mahimA aura garimA kA tabhI patA calatA hai jaba taka sAdhaka manoyogapUrvaka usa para gaharAI se cintana karatA hai / satya ke mahatva ko samajhakara sAdhaka usake bAdhakatatvoM kA parityAga karatA hai| satya ke bAdhaka tatva ye haiM (1) alIka vacana--jo bAta nahIM hai use kahanA, svayaM kI prazaMsA karane ke lie aura dUsaroM ko nIcA dikhAne ke lie jhUTha bolnaa| (2) pizuna vacana athavA cugalI-nArada kI bhAMti eka-dUsare ke viparIta bAta kahakara lar3AnA / eka rAjasthAnI kavi ne cugala khora kA varNana karate hue kahA-vaha bahuta hI khataranAka prANI hai, jisake kAraNa sarasabja bAga vIrAna aura zahara ujar3a jAte haiN| paizunya aisA cAlAka taskara hai jo satya rUpI dhana ko curA letA hai| (3-4) kaThora vacana tathA kaTu vacana--ye donoM bhI satya ke zatru haiN| hita kI bAta bhI kaTu zabdoM meM nahIM kahanI caahie| dUdha ko eka miTTI ke bartana meM rakhakara pilAyA jAya aura usI dUdha ko camacamAte hue cAMdI yA svarNa-pAtra meM pilAyA jAya to pIne vAle ko adhika AhlAda kisameM hogA ? svarNa yA cAMdI ke pAtra meN| vaise hI satya ko bhI madhura zabdoM meM kahA jAya to vaha adhika prabhAvazAlI hogaa| (5) capala vacana-bahuta hI utAvalI se, jaldabAjI se binA soce bolanA / vyavahArabhASya meM AcArya ne likhA hai-andhA vyakti jaise apane sAtha AMkha vAle vyakti ko rakhatA hai, vaise hI vANI jo andhI hai use apane sAtha buddhirUpI netra rakhanA cAhie arthAt pahale acchI taraha buddhi se socakara phira vANI kA prayoga karanA caahie| sAdhaka ko satya ke ina pAMca bAdhaka tatvoM se bacanA cAhie / yahAM para yaha smaraNa rakhanA hogA ki AcArAMga, samavAyAMga aura praznavyAkaraNa meM ullikhita 'anuvIci bhASaNa' yA 'anuvicintya 1. 'koha bhaya hAsa lohA mohA vivarIya bhAvaNA ceva / vidiyassa bhAvaNA e paMceva ya tahA hoMti // ', AcArya kundakunda : SaTprAbhRta meM cAritnaprAbhRta, 32 2. tattvArthasUtra , 7/3 kI TIkAeM 3. 'aliya-pisuNa-pharasa- kaDuya-cavala vayaNa parirakkhaNaThThayAe', praznavyAkaraNasUtra, saMvara dvAra, sAtavA~ adhyayana 4. 'puvi buddhie pAmetA tatto vakkamudAhare / macakkhuo va neyAraM buddhimannesae girA // ', vyavahArabhASya, pIThikA-76 jaina darzana mImAMsA 45
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________________ samiti' ke sthAna para AcArya kundakunda ne 'amoha' bhAvanA kA ullekha kiyA hai| para cAritraprAbhUta ke TIkAkAra ne anuvIcibhASaNa hI rakhA hai aura amoha kA artha anuvIcibhASaNakuzalatA kiyA hai| Agama ke TIkAkAroM ne 'anuvIcibhASaNa' kA artha cintanapUrvaka bolanA kiyA hai, jabaki cAritraprAbhUta kI TIkA meM 'bIci' kA artha 'vacana-lahara' tathA 'vacana-taraMga kiyA gayA hai| aura usa vacana-taraMga kA anusaraNa karake bolI jAne vAlI bhASA ko 'anuvIci' kahA gayA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM yoM kahA jA sakatA hai ki sUtroM kA anusaraNa karane vAlI aura pUrvAcArya va pUrva paramparA kA anugamana karane vAlI bhASA anuvIci' bhASA hai| usake pazcAt prastuta bhASA ke sambandha meM bhI cintana claa| bhaTaakalaMka ne donoM hI arthoM ko svIkAra kiyA hai|' sArAMza yaha hai ki prastuta bhAvanA meM bhASA va usake guNa-doSoM para cintana karake satya ke prati mana meM dRr3hatA banAye rakhI jAtI hai| (2) krodha nigraha rUpa kSamA bhAvanA ___ yaha dvitIya bhAvanA hai| prathama bhAvanA meM cintanapUrvaka vivekayukta vacana bolane kA abhyAsa kiyA jAtA hai / nirantara abhyAsa karane se saMskAra sudRr3ha ho jAte haiN| ___ asatya bhASA ke prayoga kA prathama kAraNa krodha hai| krodha kA bhUta jaba mastiSka para savAra hotA hai taba viveka lupta ho jAtA hai| vaha dUsaroM para mithyA doSoM kA AropaNa karane lagatA hai / use yaha bhAna hI nahIM rahatA ki maiM kisake sAmane aura kyA bola rahA huuN| krodha aneka durguNoM kI khicar3I hai, isIlie prastuta bhAvanA meM krodha se bacakara kSamA ko dhAraNa karane kA saMkalpa kiyA jAtA hai / mana ko kSamA se bhAvita karane kA upakrama karanA hI isa bhAvanA kA mUla uddezya hai| (3) lobha vijaya rUpa nirlobha bhAvanA krodha kI taraha lobha bhI satya kA saMhAra karane vAlA hai| krodha se dveSa kI pradhAnatA hotI hai to lobha meM rAga kI prdhaantaa| sUrya ke camacamAte hue divya prakAza ko umar3a-ghumar3a kara Ane vAlI kAlI-kajarAlI ghaTAeM roka detI hai aura andhakAra maMDarAne lagatA hai| vaise hI lobha kI ghaTAoM se bhI mAnava kA viveka dhuMdhalA ho jAtA hai, satya sUrya kA prakAza manda ho jAtA hai| lobha ke kAraNa mAnava asatya bhASaNa karatA hai| satya kA sAdhaka lobha se bacane ke lie isa prakAra cintana karatA hai ki jina para-padArthoM para maiM mugdha ho rahA hUM, ve sabhI vastueM kSaNika haiM / saMsAra ke apAra kaSTa ina vastuoM ke prati mamatva evaM lobha ke phala hI haiM / ataH vaha nirlobha-bhAvanA kA cintana kara lobha kI vRtti ko naSTa karane meM satata prayatnazIla rahatA hai| (4) bhayamuktiyukta abhaya bhAvanA lobha mIThA jahara hai jo sAdhaka ke jIvana rasa ko cUsa letA hai, use viSamizrita kara detA hai to bhaya kaTuka jahara hai jo sAdhaka ke jIvana ko saMtrasta kara detA hai| bhaya kA saMcAra hote hI vyakti kI buddhi kuMThita ho jAtI hai, vaha karaNIya tathA akaraNIya kA yathAtathya nirNaya nahIM kara paataa| sthAnAMga meM sAta bhaya batAye haiM- (1) ihalokabhaya (2) paralokabhaya (3) AdAnabhaya (4) akasmAtbhaya (5) vedanAbhaya (6) maraNabhaya (7) apayazabhaya / ina bhayoM ke kAraNa mAnava asatya bhASaNa karatA hai| bhayabhIta vyakti satya nahIM bola paataa| isalie Agama sAhitya meM sAdhaka ko yaha spaSTa Adeza diyA hai ki tumheM bhayabhIta nahIM honA cAhie / bhaya ke duSpariNAmoM para cintana kara abhaya banAne kA prayAsa karanA caahie| suprasiddha vicAraka imarsana ne likhA hai-bhaya ajJAna se utpanna hotA hai| sAdhaka bhayavimukti ke lie abhaya bhAvanA se AtmA ko bhAvita kara satya ke cintana ko sudRr3ha karatA hai| 1. 'akohaNo aloho ya bhaya hassa vivjjido| ___ aNuvIci bhosakusalo vidiyaM vadamissado // ', cAritraprAbhRta, gAthA 32 kI TIkA 2. 'vIcA vAglaharI tAmanukRtya yA bhASA vartate sAnuvIcI bhASA-jinasUtrAnusAriNIbhASA-anuvIcIbhASA-pUrvAcAryasUtraparipATImanullaMdhya bhASaNIyamityarthaH / ', cAritraprAbhRta, gAthA 32 kI TIkA 3. 'anubIcibhASaNaM anulomabhASaNamityartha-vicAryabhASaNaM anuvIcibhASaNamiti vA / ', tattvArtharAjavAtika, 7/5 4. sthAnAMgasUtra, sthAna 46 AcAryaratna zrI dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja abhinandana grantha
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________________ (5) hAsya-muktivacana saMyama rUpa bhAvanA svAsthya ke lie mAnava ko sadA praphullita rahanA caahie| khile hue phUla kI taraha usakA ceharA honA cAhie / uttama mAnavoM kI AMkheM haMsatI haiN| jaba bhI haMsane kA prasaMga AtA hai, unakI AMkhoM se aisI rozanI camakatI hai ki mAnava kA mana Ananda se vibhora ho jAtA hai| madhyama mAnava khilakhilAkara haMsatA hai aura adhama mAnava aTTahAsa karatA hai / usake ThahAke se dIvAreM gUMjane lagatI haiM / isa prakAra kI haMsI asabhyatA va jaMgalIpana kA pratIka hai / samajhadAra vyakti bahuta kama haMsatA hai| vaha haMsI-majAka kA parityAga kara indriyoM ko saMyata karatA hai| rAjasthAnI kahAvata bhI hai-"roga kI jar3a khAMsI, lar3AI kI jar3a haaNsii|" hAsya satya kA zatru hai| eka kavi ne kahA-e mAnava ! haMsa mata ! haMsanA uccatA kA pratIka nahIM hai / haMsane se aneka doSa A jAte haiM aura guNa cale jAte haiM tathA loga pAgala samajhate haiN| haMsI-majAka karane vAlA gambhIra nahIM ho sktaa| vaha vivekayukta zabdoM kA cayana nahIM kara pAtA, satya-asatya kA viveka nahIM rakha paataa| logoM ko haMsAne ke lie vaha jokara, vidUSaka yA bhAMDa kI taraha ceSTA karatA hai, jisase loga haMseM / vaha dUsaroM kA upahAsa bhI karatA hai, jisase dUsaroM ke hRdaya ko AghAta lagatA hai| etadartha hI zAstrakAroM ne sAdhaka ko haMsI-majAka na karane ke lie preraNA dI hai| yahAM yaha smaraNa rakhanA hogA ki haMsI-majAka aura vinoda meM antara hai| vinoda meM saumyatA hotI hai, yathArthatA hotI hai| vinoda meM isa prakAra se zabdoM kA prayoga hotA hai, jisase kisI ke dila ko pIr3A nahIM hotI, kintu haMsI-majAka meM dUsaroM ke mana meM pIr3A hotI hai| "eka vyaMgya-vacana hajAra gAliyoM se bhI bhayAnaka hotA hai" tathA "eka masakharI sau gAlI" Adi lokoktiyAM vyaMgya-hAsya kI bhayaMkaratA kA digdarzana karatI haiN| ataH sAdhaka haMsI-majAka kA parityAga karatA hai aura saMyama ke dvArA aise saMskAra jAgRta karatA hai jisase usakI vANI pUrNa saMyata, nirdoSa aura yathArtha hotI hai / hita, mita, priya, tathya va satya se saMpRkta hotI hai| ___ uparyukta paMktiyoM meM satya ke sambandha meM saMkSepa meM kucha cintana kiyA hai| yoM satya kA svarUpa bahuta hI virAT hai / zabdoM ke saMkIrNa ghere meM use bAMdhanA sambhava nahIM, kintu saMkSepa meM samajhA to jA hI sakatA hai| prAmANika hitakAraka sadvacana bolanA satya hai| asatya bhASaNa ke tyAga karane se satya vacana prakaTa hotA hai| manuSya lobha, bhaya, manoraMjana, ajJAnatA Adi aneka kAraNoM se asatya bolatA hai| krodha, abhimAna, vyaMgya rUpa se anya vyakti ko duHkhakAraka, nindAjanaka, pApavacana bolanA bhI asatya meM sammilita hai, ataH satyavAdI manuSya ko aise vacana mukha se uccAraNa nahIM karane caahiye| kohabhayalohahAsapaiNNA aNuvIcibhASaNaM ceva / vidiyassa bhAvaNAvo vadassa paMceva tA hoMti // -mUlAcAra, 338 sadaiva apane mukha se prAmANika, satya, sva-parahitakArI, mRdu vacana bolane cAhieM, apane sevakoM se, bhikhArI, dIna, daridra vyaktiyoM se sAMtvanA tathA zAntikAraka mRdu vacana bolane caahieN| pIr3AkAraka kaThora bAta na kahanI cAhie kyoMki unakA hRdaya pahale hI duHkhI hotA hai kaThora vacanoM se aura adhika dukhegaa| yaha jihvA yadi acche vacana bolatI hai to vaha amUlya hai| yadi yaha asatya, bhrAmaka, bhayotpAdaka, pIr3AdAyaka, kalahakArI, kSobhakAraka nindanIya vacana kahatI hai to yaha jIbha camar3e kA azuddha Tukar3A hai| satyaM priyaM hitaM cAhuH sUnRtaM suunRtvrtaaH| tatsatyamapi no satyamapriyaM cAhitaM ca yat // --anagAra-dharmAmRta, 42 (AcArya ratna zrI dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja kRta upadezasArasaMgraha, bhAga-1, jayapura, vi0 saM0 2036 se uddhRta) 1. 'savvaM hAsaM pariccajja allINa gutto privve|', AcArAMga, 312 2. 'haMsie nahIM givAra, haMsiyA halakAI huve| haMsiyA doSa apAra, guNa jAvai gahalo kahai // ' jaina darzana mImAMsA