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________________ sAmAyika kA svarUpa va usakI samyak paripAlanA - paM0 kanhaiyAlAla daka ( jainadharma darzana ke prasiddha vidvAna, lekhaka, adhyApaka) sAmAyika zabda jaina dharma kA eka vizeSa prakAra kA pAribhASika zabda hai, jisakA sIdhA va saMkSipta artha hai, samabhAva kI prApti honA / athavA aisI eka vizeSa prakAra kI Atmika sAdhanA, jisase sAdhaka ko samabhAva kI prApti ho / lekina itanA mAtra hI sAmAyika kA artha nahIM hai, vAstava meM sAmAyika eka vizeSa prakAra kI adhyAtma-sAdhanA hai, jisase mAnava jIvana ke carama lakSya 'mokSa' kI prApti bhI sambhava hai | jainadharma granthoM meM sAmAyika ko zrAvaka tathA sAdhu kI eka 'paDimA ' ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai, aura isake svarUpa tathA mahatva para savizeSa prakAza DAlA gayA hai, jisakA parijJAna honA pratyeka sAmAyika premI ke lie atyanta Avazyaka hai / yaha sarvavidita hai ki jaina dharma eka AcAra-pradhAna dharma hai / kevala siddhAntoM kA jJAna ho jAnA, darzana-zAstra kA prakANDa paNDita ho jAnA aura zAstroM kA pAragAmI vidvAna ho jAnA hI jaina dharma meM paryApta nahIM mAnA gayA hai, apitu jJAnapakSa ke sAtha meM kriyA-pakSa ko bhI utanA hI pradhAna mAnA gayA hai, kyoMki jahA~ kiyA hai, vahA~ zraddhA hai aura zraddhA ke sAtha meM AcAra va samyakdarzana kA ghaniSTha sambandha hai / kahIM-kahIM to 'jJAnaM bhAraH kriyAM vinA' kahakara kriyAzUnya jJAna ko bhAra taka kaha diyA gayA hai / AcAra yA kriyA kI pradhAnatA batalAte hue nItizAstra meM bhI vidvAna kI vyAkhyA karate hue kahA gayA hai ki 'yastu kriyAvAn puruSaH sa vidvAn' arthAt jJAna hone ke sAtha-sAtha jo vyakti tadanukUla AcaraNa karatA hai vahI vidvAna hai | AcArya jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ne apane prAmANika grantha 'vizeSAvazyaka bhASya' meM kahA gayA hai ki "nA kiriyA hi mokkho' arthAt jJAna-samyagjJAna aura kriyA arthAt samyakcAritra ke dvArA mokSa kI prApti hotI hai / yahA~ samyakjJAna meM samyakdarzana kA bhI samAveza huA samajha lenA cAhie / jaina dharma ke siddhAntAnusAra vAstavika mokSamArga kI bhUmikA kA prArambha caturtha guNasthAna ( avirata samyaka dRSTi ) se hotA hai / satya ke prati dRr3haniSThA yA lagana kA honA samyagdarzana hai / anAdi kAlIna ajJAna-andhakAra meM par3A huA mAnava jaba satya- sUrya ke darzana kara letA hai, taba vaha apane Apako kRtArtha sA anubhava karatA hai / lekina mAnava-jIvana ke antima lakSya mokSa ko prApta karane ke lie satya ( 65 )
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________________ sAmAyika kA svarUpa va usakI samyak paripAlanA : paM0 kanhaiyAlAla daka ke prati aTala vizvAsa kara lenA hI paryApta nahIM hai, apane Apako sAdhanAmArga meM samarpita kara denA aura bhautika sAdhanoM para se tathA deha sambandhI mamatA kA sarvathA tyAgakara pUrNa samatAmaya ho jAnA sAdhaka ke liye paramAvazyaka hotA hai aura isa sthiti ko prApta karAne meM zuddha sAmAyika kA apanA mahatvapUrNa sthAna hai| jaina dharma meM Atma-sAdhaka ko do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai-anagAra tathA AgAra / ina donoM ke dvArA kI jAne vAlI sAdhanA kramazaH anagAradharma tathA AgAradharma ke nAma se prasiddha hai / jo sAdhaka apane ghara-bAra, dhana-sampatti, kuTumba-parivAra tathA parigraha kA sarvathA tyAga karake, sAMsArika mamatA va moha kA tyAga karake samabhAva kI prApti ke lie apane sampUrNa jIvana kA utsarga kara detA hai aura yAvajjIvana samatA darzana ke lie satata prayatnazIla rahatA hai use 'anagAra' kahate haiM aura usakI sAdhanA 'yAvatkathika-sAmAyika' kahalAtI hai| isake viparIta jo sAdhaka ghara-bAra. dhana-sampatti, kaTamba-parivAra tathA parigraha kA svAmI hokara bhI apane gRhasthI ke vyasta samaya meM se samaya nikAlakara samabhAva kA nirantara abhyAsa karatA hai, apanI zakti anusAra eka, sAmAyika karatA hai, vaha AgAra yA zrAvaka kahalAtA hai aura usakI samabhAva kI sAdhanA 'itvarika sAmAyika' kahalAtI hai / itvarika sAmAyika (eka sAmAyika kA) kAla 2 ghar3I arthAt 48 minaTa kA hotA hai| isase yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki kevala ghara-gRhasthI yA parivAra kA tyAga karake hI sAmAyika nahIM kI jA sakatI hai apitu gRhasthAzrama meM rahakara bhI koI bhI sAdhaka, adhyAtma-sAdhanA evaM samabhAva kA abhyAsa kara sakatA hai| phira bhI itanA to niHsandeha kahA jA sakatA hai ki 'yAvatkathika sAmAyika' kA jIvana meM bahuta bar3A mahatva hai aura vaha mAnava-samAja ke lie eka anukaraNIya Adarza hai / usakA apanA 'traikAlika' mahatva hai| hamAre bhinna-bhinna zAstroM meM sAmAyika kA jo svarUpa batalAyA gayA hai, usakA avalokana karane ke pazcAta usakI zuddhi va samyak paripAlanA ke sambandha meM vicAra karanA samIcIna hogA, isa dRSTi se sarvaprathama sAmAyika ke svarUpa kA vicAra kara leN| Avazyakaniyukti meM sAmAyika kA svarUpa nimna prakAra se batalAyA gayA hai jo samo savvabhUesu, tasesu thAvaresu ya / tassa sAmAiyaM hoI, iha kevali bhAsiyaM / / arthAt jo saMsAra ke trasa tathA sthAvara saba prANiyoM para samabhAva rakhatA hai usI kI sAmAyika saccI sAmAyika hai, aisA kevalI bhagavAna kA kathana hai| isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki sAmAyika ke sAdhaka ko rAga, dveSa, mamatA, moha Adi kA zanaiH zanaiH parityAga karake Atmastha ho jAnA par3atA hai / jisakI AtmA yama, niyama, saMyama va tapa meM saMlagna ho jAtI hai, vahI AtmA zAnti va ekAgracitta se isa sAmAyika vrata kI sAdhanA kara sakatA hai| anavasthita va caMcala citta-vRtti vAlA AtmA sAmAyika vrata kI sAdhanA nahIM kara sakatA hai| samasta vratoM meM sAmAyika vrata hI sarvazreSTha hai, tathA mokSa kA pradhAna aMga mAnA gayA hai| tAttvika dRSTi se dekhA jAye to pA~caveM guNasthAna se lekara bArahaveM guNasthAna ke antima samaya taka eka mAtra isa sAmAyika vrata kI hI uttarottara vikasita va utkRSTa sAdhanA kI jAtI hai| terahaveM sayogI kevalI guNasthAna meM AtmA jaba zuddha, buddha, niraMjana nirAkAra va paripUrNa avasthA ko prApta kara letI hai, taba usakI samabhAva kI sAdhanA bhI pUrNa ho jAtI hai aura vaha jIva svayaM
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________________ khaNDa 4 : dharma, darzana evaM adhyAtma-cintana 17 sAmAyikamaya ho jAtA hai, isIliye Avazyakaniyukti meM eka sthAna para kahA gayA hai ki-'sAmAiya bhAva pariNai bhAvAo, jIva eva sAmAiyaM' arthAt AtmA kI samabhAva rUpa pariNati ho jAne se jIva (AtmA) hI sAmAyika hai / sAmAyika ko caudaha pUrvo kA tathA dvAdazAMgI kA sAra bhI kahA gayA hai| vizeSAvazyaka bhASya kI gAthA saMkhyA 2766 meM kahA gayA hai ki-"sAmAiya saMkhevo coddassa puvvassa piMDotti" arthAta sAmAyika nAmaka vrata caudaha pUrvo kA sArabhUta piNDa hai| tatvArthAdhigamabhASya ke svopajJa TIkAkAra AcArya umAsvAti ne sAmAyika vrata kI mahimA para prakAza DAlate hue batalAyA hai ki manuSyatA ke pUrNa vikAsa ke liye sAmAyika eka sarvocca sAdhanA hai, aura dvAdazAMgI kA sAra hai|| antakRddazAMga sUtra meM jahA~ mokSagAmI AtmAoM ke sAdhanA se paripUrNa caritroM kA ullekha AtA hai, vahA~ sthAna-sthAna para yaha ullekha pAyA jAtA hai ki "sAmAiyamAiyAI ekkArasa aMgAI ahijjai" arthAt pratyeka sAdhaka apane jIvana ke sAdhanAkAla meM tapasyA karane ke sAtha-sAtha sAmAyika Adi gyAraha aMgoM kA adhyayana karate the, tabhI unakI sAdhanA pUrNatA ko prApta hotI thii| yoM dekhA jAya to bAraha aMgoM meM sAmAyika nAma kA koI aMga hai hI nahIM, phira bhI sUtra pATha kA Azaya yaha hai ki adhyAtmasAdhanA kA sAdhaka jitane bhI aMga yA upAMga granthoM kA adhyayana karatA hai, usa adhyayana ke anurUpa hI apane jIvana ko vaha samatA kA sAkAra svarUpa pradAna kara detA hai| vaha zAstroM ke sAtha samarasa ho jAtA hai, zAstrAkAra ho jAtA hai| aura isaliye jIva aura usakI sAmAyika eka hai, abhinna hai| yaha tadAkAratA hI yathArtha sAmAyika hai| Upara sAmAyika kI saMkSipta vyAkhyA karate hue hamane batalAyA thA ki samabhAva kI prApti karanA hI sAmAyika hai / parantu samabhAva kI prApti honA AsAna nahIM hai| samabhAva ko prApta karanA eka dIrghakAlIna prakriyA hai| usake lie varSoM ke satat abhyAsa kI AvazyakatA hotI hai / rAgadvaSa se mukta honA, viSaya-vAsanA kA parityAga karanA, karmabandha ke mUla kAraNa cAroM kaSAyoM se dUra rahanA, mamatA aura parigraha bhAva kA varjana karanA aura ekAnta sthAna meM dhyAnastha avasthA meM Atma-svarUpa kA cintana karanA .. arthAt sabhI sAvadha kAryoM se dUra rahate hue nirantara Atma-sAdhanA meM tallIna rahanA hI sAmAyika hai| jaisA ki kahA gayA hai sAvadha karma muktasya durdhyAnarahitasya ca / samabhAvo muhUrtastat, vrata sAmAyikamAhitam / / prArambha meM apanI cittavRttiyoM ko azubha kAryoM kI tarapha jAte hue rokanA cAhie, lekina mana bahuta caMcala hai, ise sthira karanA ati duSkara hai / yadi alpa samaya ke lie bhI ise Azrava mArga meM jAte hue rokA jAya to vaha saMvara kahalAtA hai / abhyAsa karate-karate isa 'manaHsthirIkaraNa' kI saMvara kriyA ko kama se kama 48 minaTa yA do ghar3I taka bar3hAte cale jAnA cAhie, taba eka itvarika sAmAyika kA kAla hotA hai| yoM dekhA jAya to kAla eka akhaNDa dravya hai, use Tukar3oM meM vibhAjita kara ke sAmAyika ke kAla kA nirdhAraNa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai, lekina vyAvahArika dRSTi se cittavRtti kI sthiratA ke lie sAdhaka ke manaHsantoSa ke lie pUrvAcAryoM ne sAmAyika kA kAla eka muhUrta kA nizcita kiyA hai / isa eka muhUrta meM bhI citta kI ekAgratA yA sthiratA kA honA ati duSkara hai to jIvana bhara ke lie mana, vacana tathA kAyA kI pravRttiyoM ko zAnta, sthira va samabhAva yukta banA pAnA to vartamAna yuga meM eka kalpanA mAtra hai| khaNDa 4/13
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________________ 68 sAmAyika kA svarUpa va usakI samyak paripAlanA : paM0 kanhaiyAlAla 'daka' itvarika sAmAyika karane vAlA sAdhaka (zrAvaka) antarAtmA kI sAkSI se saMkalpa karatA hai ki he prabho ! maiM eka muhUrta bhara ke lie do karaNa va tIna yoga se sAvadha kAryoM kA tyAga karatA hU~ aura prANimAtra ke sAtha samabhAva rakhate hue Atma-sAdhanA ke lie pravRtta hotA huuN| yadi mere saMkalpa-pUrti meM kisI prakAra kI truTi ho to maiM isa vrata-bhaMga svarUpa pApa kI svayaM nindA karatA hU~, guru sAkSI se gardA karatA hU~ aura pApa se nivRtta hotA hU~ / sAmAyika ke svarUpa ko samajhe, samajhAe binA Aja saMkhyA-pUrti kI dRSTi se sAmAyikoM kI spardhA ho rahI hai, ve kevala bAhya veSa-bhUSA mAtra hai| __ AcArya amitagati ne apanI 'sAmAyika dvAtrizikA' meM sAmAyika ke sAdhaka ke lie eka sAdhanA-sUtra kI tarapha saMketa kiyA hai / vaha sUtra (zloka) nimna prakAra hai satveSu maitrI, guNiSu pramoda, kliSTeSu jIveSu kRpA paratvam / mAdhyastha bhAvaM viparIta vRttau, sadA mamAtmA vidadhAtu deva / / arthAt-he jinezvara deva ! maiM jaba taka sAmAyika vrata meM rahU~, prANI mAtra ke sAtha merA maitrIbhAva banA rahe, guNIjanoM ko dekhakara Ananda aura ullAsa kA bhAva jAgRta ho, duHkhI prANiyoM ko dekhate hI mere hRdaya meM kRpA yA dayA kA bhAva utpanna ho jAya, mujhase zatrutA kA bhAva rakhane vAloM ke sAtha bhI merA mAdhyastha bhAva banA rahe, kabhI dvaSa kA bhAva hRdaya ko sparza kara AtmA ko malIna na banA de, aisI Atmika zakti mujhe pradAna kro| isa prakAra kA AdhyAtmika cintana tathA abhyAsa pratyeka sAdhaka ko karanA cAhie, cAhe vaha zrAvaka ho yA sAdhu / Aja sthiti viparIta hai / sAmAyika kI guNavattA kI tarapha sabakA upekSA bhAva hai, kevala dravya sAmAyika ko tarapha hI vizeSa bhAra diyA jAtA hai, jisameM Asana tathA muMhapatti kI pradhAnatA hai / Atma-cintana gauNa hai / sAmAyika karane vAlA sAmAyika meM bole jAne vAle zabdoM yA pAThoM kA na artha jAnatA hai aura na anya kisI prakAra kA usakA gambhIra cintana hI hai| sAmAyika-kAla meM mauna svAdhyAya kA to kahIM nAmonizAna bhI nahIM hai| zrAvaka ke 12 vratoM meM sAmAyika eka zikSAvata ke rUpa meM jAnA jAtA hai| ise zikSAvrata isalie kahA gayA hai ki sAmAyika dvArA prApta kiyA jAne vAlA samabhAva abhyAsa dvArA hI prApta kiyA jAtA haiM / AcArya mANikyazekhara sUri ne Avazyakaniyukti meM 'zikSA' zabda kA artha nimna prakAra se diyA hai : "zikSA nAma puna: punarabhyAsa:"- arthAt kisI vastu kA punaH-punaH abhyAsa karanA hI zikSA hai / isa zikSA-vrata meM AtmA ko antarmukhI banAne kA nirantara abhyAsa karanA hotA hai / yaha abhyAsa kucha dinoM yA mahInoM kI sAdhanA se nahIM, balki varSoM kI aura isase bhI Age kaI janmoM kI satata-sAdhanA aura saMskAroM se phalIbhUta ho sakatA hai / kaSAyoM kA samUla ucchedana karanA duSkara kArya hai / bar3e-bar3e RSi, maharSi tathA santa-munirAja bhI rAga-dvaSa tathA kaSAyoM se lipta hue pAye jAte haiM / terA-merA kI bhAvanA vahA~ bhI jyoM kI tyoM dikhAI detI hai / aisI sthiti meM tIna karaNa va tIna yoga se sAdhvAcAra kA pAlana kara pAnA yA yAvajjIvana zuddha sAmayika vrata kA pAlana karanA kaise sambhava hai ? sAmAyika ke sAdhaka ko to aharniza nimna prakAra se cintana karanA cAhiye na santi bAhyA mama kecanArthA, bhavAmi teSAM na kadAcanA'ham / ityaM vinizcitya vimucya brAhma, svasthaH tvaM bhava bhava ! muktyai / /
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________________ khaNDa 4 : dharma, darzana evaM adhyAtma-cintana yaH smaryate sarvamunIndra vRndaiH, yaH stUyate srvnraamrendrH| yo gIyate veda purANa zAstraH, ta devadevo hRdaye mamAstAm / / arthAt-he AtmA ! jaba tUne sAmAyika vrata ko grahaNa kara liyA hai, taba tU isa prakAra kA cintana kara ki saMsAra ke jitane bhI para-padArtha haiM, ve mere nahIM haiM aura na maiM unakA hU~ / isa prakAra ke vicAroM se bAhya-parapadArthoM ke sAtha ke sambandhoM kA parityAga karake tU mukti ke mArga ke liye taiyAra ho jA, arthAt apanI AtmA meM sthira ho jaa| jo vItarAga deva munIndra vRndoM ke dvArA sadA smaraNa kiye jAte haiM, manuSya tathA devatA bhI jinakI sadA stuti karate haiM, veda, purANa tathA Agama, zAstra jinakI mahimA kA sadA gAna karate haiM aise parama vizuddha devAdhideva mere Atma-mandira meM sadA adhiSThita hoM, jisase merI AtmA bhI una jaisI pavitra bana jAya / ___isa prakAra se sAdhaka kI AtmA meM satata bhakti-pUrNa nirmala vicAroM kA jharanA pravAhita hote rahane se sAmAyika meM svAbhAvika rUpa se lagane vAle mAnasika, vAcika va kAyika doSoM se bacA jA sakatA hai aura dravya se tathA bhAva se sAmAyika zuddha aura zuddhatara banatI calI jAtI hai / isa prakAra kI nirdoSa sAmAyika karane se jIvana meM adbhuta AnandAnubhUti hotI hai| vaha Ananda anirvacanIya hai, kevala anubhava-gamya hai| kisI bhI vrata yA niyama ko svIkAra karane ke pazcAt usakA bhaMga na ho yA kisI prakAra kI skhalanA na ho, isa ora vratI ko sadA saceSTa rahanA cAhie yA yoM kaheM ki vrata kA pAlana karate samaya kisI prakAra ke pramAda kA sevana na ho, isa ora vratI kA sadA lakSya honA cAhie / anyathA sAmAyika vrata kI AzAtanA yA avahelanA hone ke sAtha-sAtha Atma-vaMcanA bhI hogii| koI bhI vrata yA adhyAtma sAdhanA kisI ko dikhAne, prasanna karane, mAna-sammAna prApta karane, yazaH-kIrti prApta karane yA dhana-sampatti prApta karane kI abhilASA se nahIM kI jAtI hai, vrata-pAlana karane meM vratastha AtmA kA Atma-santoSa hI pradhAna hai, kyoMki usa vrata kA prabhAva usa AtmA ko hI anubhava hogA, anya ko nahIM / sAmAyika vrata kA pAlana karate hue bhI mana, vacana tathA kAyA sambandhI doSoM ke lagane kI sambhAvanA banI rahatI hai, ataH unakA sAvadhAnIpUrvaka varjana ho, AtmA ke pariNAma zuddha va nirmala bane raheM, isa ora sadA saceSTa rahanA cAhie / 'maiM sAmAyika vrata meM hU~,' isa bAta kI smRti sAdhaka ko nirantara banAye rakhanI cAhie jisase durvicAra, durdhyAna aura mana kI caMcalatA apane Apa samApta ho jAya / sAmAyika ke nirdhArita kAla kA bhI avazya dhyAna rakhanA cAhie, jisase vratI apane Apa yaha nizcaya kara sake ki maiMne apane caMcala mana ko kisa sImA taka vaza meM kara liyA hai / isI prakAra se sAdhanA ke kSetra meM maiM kitanA aura bar3ha sakatA hai ? sAmAyika meM karane lAyaka Avazyaka kriyAoM ko maiMne kiyA hai yA nahIM ? caviMzatistava kiyA hai yA nahIM ? bhagavadAjJA kI samyak prakAra se ArAdhanA kI hai yA nahIM ? ina bAtoM kA bhI cintana sAmAyika meM kiyA jAnA cAhie aura bhaviSya meM aisA vizuddha cintana karane ke lie saMkalpabaddha honA caahie| jaisA ki Upara kahA gayA hai, sAmAyika ke 32 doSoM meM se kisI kA bhI sevana na ho, cAra prakAra kI vikathAoM meM se kisI kA sevana na kiyA jAya, cAra prakAra kI saMjJAoM (icchAoM) meM se kisI saMjJA kA mAnasika sparza na ho aura vrata-bhaMga karane ke jo cAra prakAra haiM (atikrama, vyatikrama, aticAra aura anAcAra) unameM se kisI kA bhI jJAta yA ajJAta avasthA meM sevana na kiyA jAye tabhI sAmAyika kI samyak paripAlanA huI hai, aisA kahA jA sakatA hai /