Sahitya ane Puratattvana Pariprekshyama Gujaratma Nirgranth Darshan

Author(s): M A Dhaky
Publisher: Z_Kailashchandra_Shastri_Abhinandan_Granth_012048.pdf
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/249353/1

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sAhitya ane purAtattvanA pariprekSyamAM gujarAtamAM nircanthadarzana dAyakAo pUrve, mane smaraNa che ke trIsInA prAraMbhanA koI varSa(san 1933 ?)mAM maLelA gujarAta sAhitya pariSadgA vArSika adhivezanamAM, DI. bI. Diskalakare evI sthApanA karelI ke gujarAtamAM jaina dharmano praveza sAtamA zataka pahelAM thayo ja nahoto ane te pUrve pAMcamA zatakamAM valabhImAM AgamonI vAcanA nizcita karavA maLI gayelI vAlabhI pariSadanI paraMparA sAcI nathI. e kathanano Azaro laI lagabhaga aDhI dAyakA pUrve kumAranI kaTAromAM jabaro vivAda upADavAmAM Avelo. e vakhate e viSaya anuSaMge meM pramANabhUta prAcIna sAhitya dvArA phalita thatAM aitihAsika taththo tema ja gujarAtamAMthI prApta, saMdarbhagata viSaya paranAM purAtattvIya pramANo saMbaMdhamAM, khoja karelI ane DiskaLakara ane temane anusaranArA vartamAna dazakonA viddharmahAjanonuM prastuta gRhIta kyAM sudhI sAcuM che te vigate tapAsI joyeluM. e purANI noMdhone AdhAre ahIM, saraLatA khAtara hAla to bahu vistRta TippaNo na ApatAM, kevaLa saMdarbhagraMthonI jarUriyAta pUratI noMdha sAthe, mukhya pramANone ja saMkSepamAM rajU karIza. sAhityanA saMdarbho 1) IsvIsan pUrvenI sadIomAM racAI gayelA prAcInatama nigraMtha AgamomAM gujarAta sthita koI paNa sthaLa saMbaMdhI bilakuleya ullekha nathI. 2) gujarAta aMtargata surASTra (soraTha), dvArikA, ujajayaMtagiri (giranAra), zatruMjayagiri (saguMjo), ane hastavapra(hAthabonA saMbaMdhamAM AgamomAM je ekatrita ullekho prApta thAya che te jJAtAdharmakathA, vRSNidazA, ane dvitIya Arya zyAma kiMvA dvitIya kAlakAcAryakRta prajJApanA sUtramAM jovA maLe che, ane A traNe Agamo bhASA, zailI, ane vastunI dRSTie uttara-kSatrapayugathI vizeSa prAcIna jaNAtA nathI. 3) paraMtu paryuSaNAkalpanI "sthavirAvalI"nA trIjA hissA(prAyaH IsvI 100)mAM apAyela nirjhanya munionA gaNa, kula, zAkhAdinI vigatomAM (azokapautra maurya saMpratinA guru) Arya suhasti(prAyaH I. sa. pU. trIjI zatAbdI uttarArdha)nA eka ziSya RSiguptathI soraThIyA zAkhAnI utpatti thaI hovAnuM jaNAvyuM che te zAkhA "mAnava(mAlava?)gaNamAMthI nIkaLelI che. AthI spaSTa rUpe phalita thAya che ke ochAmAM ochuM IsvIsanuM pUrvenI bIjI zatAbdInA uttarArdhamAM surASTrapradezamAM nirjhanyadharmano pracAra hato.

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nirgastha aitihAsika lekha-samuccaya- 1 4) Arya nAgArjuna dvArA nigraMtha AgamonA saMkalana saMbaddha prAyaH IsvI 350nA arasAmAM saMpanna thayelI prathama vAlabhI vAcanA" ane pachI devaddhigaNinI adhyakSatAmAM, IsvI 450(vastutayA I. sa. 503 athavA pa16)mAM, agAunI Arya skaMdilanI adhyakSatAmAM saMpanna thayelI "mAdhurI vAcanA' (prAyaH IsvI 3pa3363) ane prathama vAlabhI eTale ke nAgArjunIya vAcanA'nA pAThonA milanArthe maLelI dvitIya valabhI pariSada'nI noMdha letAM jUnAM ullekho ane prAcIna gAthAo madhyakAlIna ane uttara-madhyakAlIna vRtyAtmaka sAhityamAM maLI Ave che. AmAMthI pahelI mAnyatAne Teko devavAcaka kRta naMdisUtra(prAyaH IsvI 450)mAMthI ane bIjIne paryuSaNAkalpanA aMtima hissA(prAyaH IsvI pa03 513)nI eka noMdhapa tema ja AcArya malayagirie purANA sroto parathI 12mA zatakamAM karelA TippaNa parathI tAravI zakAya. "sthavirAvalI"no chello ane pAMcamo hisso paNa devarkiMgaNinA nAma sAthe ja pUro thAya che. AthI vAlabhI vAcanAnI vAtane kADhI nAkhavA mATeno koI tarka Ubho rahI zakato nathI. 5) uttara-kSatrapayugIna ane anukSatrapakAlIna jaina Agamika sAhityanI noMdho anusAra ujjayaMtagiri para jina ariSTaneminAM dIkSA, kevalyajJAna-prApti, ane nirvANa e traNa kalyANaka thayelAM. AvI mAnyatA Ama IsvI trIjI-cothI sadImAM pracAramAna hatI. 6) digaMbara saMpradAyanA mAnya graMtha khakhaDAgama (prAyaH IsvI 500) paranI svAmI vIrasenanI dhavalA-TIkA (IvI 815) anusAra ujjayaMtagirinI caMdra guphAmAM vasatA AcArya dharasene puSpadaMta bhUtabali nAmanA munione karmaprakRti-prAkRta bhaNAveluM. A dharasena, digaMbara vidvAno mAne che tema IsvI bIjI zatAbdInA prAraMbhanA na hotA, mArI zodha pramANe, IsvIsan 450-500 vacce thaI gayA che. 7) AcArAMga-niryukti(prAyaH IsvI para5)mAM e kALe mahimna manAtAM je nirgastha tIrthonAM nAma ApelAM che temAM ujjayaMtagiri paNa samAviSTa che. 8) digaMbara-mAnya graMtha trilokaprajJapti(prAyaH IsvI 550)mAM paNa nirjhanya tIrthonAM ApelAM be udAharaNomAM eka ujjayaMtagirinuM che, 9) sabhASyadvAdazAniyacakranA racayitA ane siddhasenanA sanmati prakaraNa paranI (hAla anupalabdha) vRttinA kartA tema ja valabhI ane bhRgukaccha sAthe saMkaLAyelA mahAnuM dArzanika vidvAnuM mallavAdI IsvIsannA chaThThA saikAnA uttarArdhamAM thaI gayA che. teo Avazyakaniryukti prAyaH IsvI parapa) ane bauddha dArzanika vidvAn dinAga(prAya IsvI 480-560)nI kRtiothI paricita hatA.

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sAhitya ane purAtattvanA pariprekSyamAM gujarAtamAM nirpranthadarzana 10) mahAn digaMbara dArzanika vAdI-kavi samaMtabhadre emanA bRhasvayaMbhUstotra (prAyaH IsvI 575-60) aMtargata jina ariSTanemi saMbaMdhanAM paghomAM temane 'kakudAkRti' ujjayaMta sAthe sAMkaLyA che. giranArano 'kuda' eTale ke baLadanI khUMdha samAna AkAra dUrathI uttara taraphathI (jetalasara ane upaleTA vaccenA relaraste DabAnI bArImAMthI jotAM), spaSTa rUpe dekhAto hoI samaMtabhadra AvI upamA girine najare nihALyo hoya to ja ApI zakyA hoya. 11) I. sa. 610mAM jinabhadra gaNi racita vizeSAvazyakabhASya(racanA prAyaH IsvI 585590)nI prata valabhInA koI jinAlayanA bhaMDAramAM mUkavAmAM AvelI tevuM prastuta graMthanI jesalamera bhaMDAramAM eka dazamA zatakanI rahelI pratanI puSpikAmAM noMdhAyeluM maLI Ave che. A jinAlaya IsvI 610nI pahelAM tyAM astitvamAna hovuM joIe. 3 A sivAya cAreka saMdarbho evA che ke jemAM prAcInatA sUcaka nirdezo to maLI rahe che, paNa sAdhano samakAlika ke samIpakAlika nathI--jemake (1) vyavahArabhASya (prAyaH IsvI 575-600)mAM prAkRtanA kavi tarIke varNavelA bharUcanAM 'vajrabhUti', jemane maLavA nabhovAhana(kSatrapa nahApANa)nI rANI gayelI5; (2) AkoTAnI eka dhAtumUrtimAM 'rathavasati'no nirdeza je 'Arya 2tha'nA nAma parathI hoya to prastuta vasati IsvI bIjI zatAbdInI hovAno saMbhava; (3) pachI vidyAsiddha Arya khapuTa, je IsvI trIjAthI laI pAMcamA saikAnA gALAmAM lATadezamAM kyAreka thayelA7; (4) ne chevaTe bhRgukacchanuM jina suvratanuM maMdira, je navamA zatakamAM paNa prasiddha tIrtha hatuM ane prAcIna manAtuM: Arya khapuTe tene bauddhanA hAthamAMthI choDAveluM tevI anuzruti sAcI hoya to A tIrtha temanA kALathI pUrvenuM eTale ke kSatrapakALa jeTaluM to prAcIna hovAno saMbhava, ityAdi. Ama prAcIna sAhityamAMthI nirpranthadarzananA gujarAta sAthenA saMbaMdhanA prAyaH I sa pU. 175thI laI IsvI 600 sudhInA samaya mATe prApta thatAM upara je noMdhyAM che te vizvasta pramANo dekhItI rIte ja sAtamA zatakanI pUrvenAM che. (te kALa pachInAM pramANonI ahIM vAta karavI aprastuta che.) have purAtattvanAM pramANo vize joIe. purAtattvIya pramANo 1) jUnAgaDhathI dakSiNa taraphanA nIcerA khaDakomAM kaMDArAyelI 'bAvA pyArA' nAmathI jANItI nAnI nAnI guphAono samUha kSatrapakAlIna che ane anyathA te jUnAgaDhathI uttara, vA IzAna tarapha rahelI khAparAkoDiyAnI vizALa guphAonA samUhathI nokhI tarI Ave che.

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nigrantha aitihAsika lekha-samuccaya-1 vadhumAM e bauddha saMpradAyanI nathI jaNAtI. bauddha imArato, uparakathita khAparA koDiyAnI guphAo, tema ja iMTerI boriyA stUpa ane rudrasena vihAra-eka tarapha rahelA che jayAre A guphAo bIjI tarapha, ethI UlaTI ja dizAmAM AvI rahelI che ane te sAva nAnI hovA uparAMta sAdhAraNa koTinI che. (bauddhone to rAjyAzraya maLato raheto, e kALe nirjhanthone nahIM.) have temAMthI be guphAonA uttaraMga-sthAne maMgalAkRtio korelI che prAcIna jainomAM aSTamaMgalonuM ghaNuM ja mahattva hatuM. vadhumAM ahIM prAyaH IsvI 198199nA arasAnA maLelA svAmI jIvadAmanano ullekha karatA lekhamAM "kevalajJAna saMprAptAnAM jItajarAmaraNAnAM"21 sarakhI jaina paribhASA ane deva, asura, yakSAdinA Agamana(kAca jinanA koIka kalyANakanA utsavaprasaMge)no ullekha che. Ama A guphAo nircandhakArita jaNAya che. 2) AkoTAthI maLelA zvetAMbara jaina dhAtupratimAnidhimAMthI sauthI jUnI jaNAtI ane vAraMvAra prakAzita thaI cUkelI khaMDita jina RSabhanI, pramANamAM ThIka ThIka moTI, pratimA zailInI daSTie IsvI 500nA arasAnI hovAnuM manAya che. 3) varSo pahelAM jamInamAMthI pragaTa thayelI, be opadAra bhUrA-kALA paththaranI jina mUrtiomAMnI eka vartamAne IDara gAmanA ane bIjI tyAM DuMgara uparanA digaMbara jaina maMdiramAM sthApavAmAM AvI che. zailInI dRSTie teno samaya chaThThA zatakano jaNAya che. 4) AkoTAmAMthI maLI AvelI dhAtupratimAomAMthI benA kArApaka "jinabhadra vAcanAcArya che. pratimAonI zailI ane te paranA utkIrNa lekhonA akSaro IsvI chaThThA saikAnA uttarAInA jaNAya che. prastuta 'jinabhadranI suprasiddha AcArya jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa sAthe abhinnatA sUcavAI che". emano svargagamanakALa IsvI pa94 che. 5) DhAMkanI jaina guphAo ane enAM jaina zilpa IsvI pa50-600nA arasAmAM lAge che. Ama upara noMdhyA te purAtattvanAM pramANo prAyaH IsvI 200thI 600 sudhInAM prApta thAya che. AthI paNa gujarAtamAM nircantha darzana jaina dharmano praveza sAtamA saikA pUrve thayo ja nahoto tevI sthApanA mATe koI ja avakAza raheto nathI. jo dakSiNamAM cheka tAmilanADa(tamiLyunADa), ane tethIye AgaLa siMhaladvIpa sarakhAM sthAnoe mauryayugamAM ja nircandhadharmano praveza thaI cUkyA hoya to uttara-bhArata avasthita gujarAtamAM eno vahelA samayamAM praveza thayo na ja hoI zake te mATe koI bAdhaka pramANo DiskaLapurAdi vidvAno upasthita karI zakelA nahotA. DiskalakaranuM nirjhanya srotonuM, ane madhyakAlIna abhilekho atiriktanuM purAtattva saMbaMdhI, jJAna "zUnyathI vizeSa hovAnI pratIti thatI nathI.

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sAhitya ane purAtattvanA pariprekSyamAM gujarAtamAM nirjhanthadarzana alabatta, ahIM meM je pramANo prastuta karyA che, temAMnA keTalAMka hajI emanA samayamAM prakAzamAM AvelAM nahotAM. paraMtu sAMprata kALe to te saMbaMdhamAM koI ja saMdigdhatA rahetI nathI, A viSayamAM koI ja prakAranI saMzayasthiti TakI zakatI nathI. TippaNo : 1. gujarAta sAhitya pariSadUnA jUnA koI aMkamAM ke pachI anyatre A vyAkhyAna chapAyeluM hovAnuM maraNa che. 2. AmAM AcArAMga (prathama skaMdha : IsvI 430-300, dvitIya skaMdha : I. sa. pU. 100-IsvI 100), sUtrakRtAMga (I. sa. pU. 300-150), dazavaikAlika (I. sa. pU. 350-200), uttarAdhyayana (I. sa pU. 300-IsvI 100), RSibhASitAni (I. sa. pU. 475-150), ityAdi 3.therehito naM isiguttehito...naM ettha naM mAnavagaNe nAmaM gaNe niggae / tassa naM imAo cattAri sAhAo tinni ya kulAI eva0 / se kiM taM sAhAo? sAhAo eva mAhijjaMti kAsavijjiyA, gomatijjhiyA, vAsiDiyA, soraTTiyA, se taM sAhAo / (juo paM, kalyANavijaya gaNi "<Page #6
ninya aitihAsika lekha-samuccaya-1 10. ejana. 11. ejana. 12. juo mAro upara darzAvela lekha "Urjayatgiri." (pAdaTIpa 8 anusAra) 13. ejana. 14. juo jitendra zAha, "vAdIndra mallavAdi kSamAzramaNano samaya, nigraMtha 1, gujarAtI vibhAga amadAvAda 1995, pR. 1-11. 15. vigata mATe juo paM. aMbAlAla premacaMda zAha, "Anuzrutika vRttAMto," gujarAtano rAjakIya ane sAMskRtika itihAsa graMtha 2, "mauryakAlathI guptakAla' saM- 29 cho. parIkha ane hajI gaM, zAstrI, saMzodhana granthamAlA-graMthAMka 67, amadAvAda 1972, pR. 48, 96. Umakant P. Shah, Akota Bronzes Bombay 1959 "Intro", p. 3 and Inscription on p. 39. lekha ane dhAtupratimA lagabhaga sAtamI sadI madhyabhAganAM che. 17. juo vizeSAvazyakabhASya, bhAga 3, saM. dalasukha mAlavaNiA, paM. becaradAsa dozI, L. D. Series No. 21 amadAvAda 1968, pR. 711, gAthA 3590, tathA tyAM koTTArkagaNinI vRttino bhAga. 18. AnI vigate carcA mATe juo mAro lekha "bhRgukaccha-munisuvratanA aitihAsika ullekho," nircantha 3, amadAvAda, 86. gauti James Burgess Antiquities of Kathiawad and Kucch, ASWI, II, London 1876. p. 139, ane tyAM apAyela guphAnAM kAronAM citro. 20. A vAta mathurAnA zakakAlIna jaina AyAgapaTTanAM aneka aMkano parathI siddha thAya che. alabatta, e yugamAM to AThathI vizeSa maMgalo upayogamAM levAtAM. 29. "Junagadh Inscription of the time of the grandson of Jayadaman," Epigraphia Indica Vol. XVI, p. 239. 22. A aMge koI koI vidvAn zaMkAzIla che. mane to emAM koI saMdeha jaNAto nathI. 23. Shah, Akota., plt. 8a 8b, and discussion on pp. 21, 26, 63 and 65. 24. lekhake te sarvekSaNa daramiyAna najare joyelI. tenI tasavIra paNa lIdhelI ane DIjha umAkAnta zAhe te JOI, BarodamAM agAu koIka aMkamAM prasiddha karI che. 25. juo Akota., pp. 4, n0. 16, 63 f, and plates 10a, 106, al. & 12b, 135. 26. Sankalia, Archaeology, plates 75, 76, and pp. 53, 320, 128, 158, 160, 162, 163, 166-168 & 234.