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________________ ... . ." 1. mo. rAjArAma aura ema0 e0, epha0 ena0 jI0 esa0, zAstrAcArya, sAhityaratna raidhU-sAhitya kI prazastiyoM meM aitihAsika va sAMskRtika sAmagrI bhAratIya vAGmaya ke unnayana meM jina vareNya sAdhakoM ne anavarata zrama evaM athaka sAdhanA karake apanA ullekhya yogadAna kiyA hai, unameM mahAkavi raidhu' apanA pramukha sthAna rakhate haiM. unhoMne apane jIvanakAla ke sImita samaya meM 23 se bhI adhika vizAla apabhraMza graMthoM kI racanA karake sAhitya-jagat ko Azcaryacakita kiyA hai. racanAoM kA viSaya-vaividhya saMskRta-prAkRta, apabhraMza evaM hindI Adi bhASAoM para asAdhAraNa pANDitya, itihAsa evaM saMskRti kA talasparzI jJAna, samAja evaM rASTra ko sAhitya, saMgIta evaM kalA ke prati jAgarUka karAne kI kSamatA jaisI ukta kavi meM dikhAI par3atI hai vaisI anyatra zAyada hI kahIM milegI.. kavi kI kavitvazakti usake varNya-viSaya meM to spaSTa dikhatI hI hai kintu samAja evaM rAjanyavarga ke logoM ko bhI usane sAhitya evaM kalApremI banA diyA thA, yaha kavi raidhU kI advitIya dena hai. aisI lokokti prasiddha hai ki lakSmI evaM sarasvatI kA sadA se vairabhAva calA AyA hai. kaI jagaha yaha ukti satya bhI siddha huI lekina kavi ne unakA jaisA samanvaya kiyA-karAyA, vahI usakI viziSTa evaM adbhuta maulikatA hai, udAharaNArtha kavi kI prazastiyoM meM se 2-3 atyanta mArmika prasaMga upasthita kiye jAte haiM, jinase kavi-pratibhA kA camatkAra spaSTa dekhane ko mila jAtA hai. mahAkavi raidhU kI sAdhanA-bhUmi gopAcala (gvAliyara) meM saMghavI kamalasiMha nAmaka eka nagaraseTha rahate the jo atyanta udAravRtti se jIvana-yApana karate the. ve mahAkavi ke mitra evaM paramabhakta bhI the. rAjyapadAdhikArI hone se ve rAjya ke kAryoM meM hI vyasta rahate the. eka dina ve usase ghabarAkara mahAkavi se bheMTa karate haiM tathA nivedana karate haiM: sayaNAsaNa taMbarama turaMga, dhayachattacamara bhAmiNi rahaMga / kaMcaNadhaNakaNagharadaviNakosa, jANi jaMpAi jaNiya tosa / taha puNa eyarAyaradesagAma, baMdhava NaMdaNa NayaNAhirAma / sArayaruzraNupuNubacchubhAu, jaM jaM dIsai NANA sahAu / taM taM ji echu pAviyai sabchu, labhai Na kaca-mANikku bhancha / ecchu ji bahu buha Nivasahiu kiTTa, u sukau kovi dIsai maNi? / bho NisuNi viyakkhaNa kahami tujjha, rakkhami Na kiMpiNiya citta gujjh| -sammatta0 117 / 1-7. tuhu puNu kanvarayaNa rayaNAyaru, bAlamittu amhahaM gehAuru / tuhu mahu saccau puNNa sahAyau, mahu maNiccha pUraNa annuraayu| -sammatta0 1 / 14 / 8-6. 1. mahAkavi raidhU ke jIvanavRtta evaM sAhitya-paricaya ke lie 'AcArya bhikSu smRti grantha meM prakAzita merA nibandha dekhie-pRSTha 101-115. wwwww lololola oldiolo lololl ololololololol Jain Education Interne Sonal w na senty www.jainerary.org
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________________ + + + M ++++ pro0 rAjArAsa jaina : raidhU-sAhitya kI prazastiyoM meM aitihAsika va sAMskRtika sAmagrI : 655 arthAt "he kavivara, zayanAsana, hAthI, ghor3e, dhvajA, chatrara, camara, sundara rAniyA~, ratha, senA, sonA, dhana-dhAnya, bhavana, sampatti, koSa, nagara, deza, grAma , bandhu-bAndhava, sundara santAna, putra, bhAI Adi sabhI mujhe upalabdha haiM. saubhAgya se kisI bhI prakAra kI bhautika sAmagrI kI mujhe kamI nahIM hai kintu itanA saba hone para bhI mujhe eka cIja kA abhAva sadaiva khaTakatA rahatA hai aura vaha yaha ki mere pAsa kAvyarUpI eka bhI sundara maNi nahIM hai. isake binA merA sArA aizvarya phIkAphIkA lagatA hai. he kAvyarUpI ratnoM ke ratnAkara, tuma to mere snehI bAlamitra ho, tumhI hamAre sacce puNya-sahAyaka ho. mere mana kI icchA pUrNa karanevAle ho. isa nagara meM bahuta se vidvajjana rahate haiM, kintu mujhe Apa jaisA koI bhI anya sukavi nahIM dikhatA. ataH he kavizreSTha, maiM apane hRdaya kI gA~Tha kholakara saca-saca apane hRdaya kI bAta Apase kahatA hU~ ki Apa eka kAvya kI racanA karake mujha para apanI mahatI kRpA kIjiye. mahAkavi raidhU ne kamalasiMha saMghavI kI ukta atyanta vinamra prArthanA svIkRta kara uttara meM kahAH susahAu bhavya tuhu diti Niru, tuhu puNu kamalAyaru hohi thiru / laikari ciMtiyau paI, bhAlahiM puNahu Niyaya mai / mA cita karahiM supasaNa maNA, bhavi bhavi labbhahiMdhaNa kaNarayaNA / dullahu jiNadhammu ji hoi parA, taM tuhu aAyarahiM ji viNaya parA |--smmtt0 1, 8, 13-16 arthAt 'he bhAI kamalasiMha, tuma apanI buddhi ko sthira karo. tumane jo vicAra prakaTa kiye haiM ve tumhAre hI anurUpa haiM. aba ciMtA karane kI AvazyakatA nahIM, prasannacitta bano (maiM icchAnusAra tumheM kAvyaracanA kara dUMgA) janma-janmAntara meM isI prakAra svarNa dhana-dhAnya evaM ratnoM se yukta bane raho tathA durlabhatA se prApta isa dharma evaM mAnava-jIvana meM hitakArI ucca kAryoM ko sadA karate raho !' jaba kavi kI isa prakAra kI svIkArokti sunI to kamalasiMha Anandavibhora ho uThe. unhoMne apane jIvana ko saphala mAna liyA tathA turanta hI ve yaha samAcAra rAjA DUMgarasiMha ko dene ke liye rAja-darabAra meM pahu~cate haiM tathA ziSTAcAra pradarzana ke bAda nivedana karate haiM: "he rAjan, maiMne kucha dharmakArya karane kA vicAra kiyA hai, kintu use kara nahIM pA rahA hU~, ataH pratidina maiM yahI socatA rahatA hU~ ki aba vaha ApakI kRpApUrNa sahAyatA evaM Adeza se sampUrNa karU~gA. ApakA yaza evaM kIti akhaNDa evaM ananta hai. maiM to isa pRthvI para eka daridra evaM asamartha hU~, isa manuSya-paryAya meM maiM kyA kara sakatA hU~ !" kamalasiMha kA yaha nivedana sunakara yuvarAja kIrtisiMha atyanta pulakita ho uThe. rAjA DUMgarasiMha ne bhI atyanta prasannatA ke sAtha kahA : viyasivi jaMpiu DUMgararAe', kamalasIha vaNivara sNvaae| puNNu kajju jaM tuva maNi ruccaI, taM virayahi sAhu samuccaI / je puNu aNNa kevi susahAyaNa, karahu karahu te dhamma mahAyaNa / kiMpi saMka mA kijjahu cittaheM, saMtuhauha dhammaNimittahi / jahi soraTi vIsala NivarajjahiM, dhamma paviTThau ciru NiravajjahiM / vaccha teyapAlakkhavaNiMdahi, pavara ticcha Nimmiya gayadaMtahi / jiha perojasAhi supasAyaM, joiNipuri NivasaMta zramAyaM / sAraga sAhu NAma vikkhAyaM, pavihiya jatta dhamma aNurAe / tiha tuhu~ virayahi ecchu guNAyaru, lai lai pauru davu dhammAyaru / na su jettaDau viriachaiM, so sayalu jivekkau kayaNi chii| 1. de0 sammatta0 111115. 2. rAjA DUMgarasiMha kA putra, kaI sthAnoM para isakA nAma 'karanasiMha' bhI upalabdha hotA hai. Jain Education Intemational www.jainelibrary org
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________________ 656 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya aNai hau asesu pUresami, jaM jaM maggahu taM taM desami / puNu puNu ema teNa tahiM bhaNiuM, puNu taMbolu devi sammANiu / puNu suritANa sIha Niyabhiccahu, sAmiya dhamma ciMti maNiccahu / tahu pAesu NiveNa puNu diNNau, kahiM dhamma sahAu achiNNau / kamalasIhu jaM tumheM bhAsaI, taM tahu pavihijjahi susamAsai / maNivi pasAu teNa paDivaNau, ajha sAmi kiMkaru hau dhnnu|-smmtt0 1 / 11 / 6-20. arthAt 'he sajjanottama, jo bhI puNyakArya tumheM rucikara lage use avazya hI pUrA karo / he mahAjana, yadi dharma-sahAyaka aura bhI koI kArya hoM to unheM bhI pUrA karo. apane mana meM kisI bhI prakAra kI zaMkA mata karo. dharma ke nimitta Apa saMtuSTa raheM. jisa prakAra rAjA vIsaladeva ke rAjya meM saurASTra (soraTThi) meM dharma-sAdhanA nirvighna rUpa se pratiSThita thI, vastupAla-tejapAla nAmaka vyApAriyoM ne hAthIdAMtoM (?) se pravara tIrtharAja kA nirmANa karAyA thA. jisa prakAra perojasAhi (phIrojazAha) kI mahAn kRpA se yoginIpura (dillI) meM nivAsa karate hue sAraga ne atyanta anurAga pUrvaka dharmayAtrA karake khyAti prApta kI thI. usI prakAra he guNAkara, dharmakAryoM ke liye mujhase, paryApta dravya le lo. jo kArya karanA hai use nizcaya hI pUrA kara lo. yadi dravya meM kucha kamI A jAya to maiM use pUrNa kara dUMgA. jo jo mA~goge vahI-vahI (mu~ha mA~gA) dUMgA. rAjA ne bAra-bAra AzvAsana dete hue kamalasiMha ko pAna kA bIr3A dekara sammAnita kiyA. rAjA kA AzvAsana evaM sammAna prApta kara kamalasiMha atyanta prasanna hue tathA rAjA se itanA hI kaha sake ki he svAmin Aja ApakA yaha dAsa dhanya ho gayA.' mahAkavi ne kamalasiMha kI bAta svIkAra to karalI kintu phirabhI usake mana meM zaMkA hotI hai ki sambhavata: durjana usake kAryoM meM vighna bAdhA upasthita kareM, taba ? usa sthiti meM kamalasiMha kA utsAha preraNA evaM sAhasa-bharA AzvAsana dekhiye. ve kahate haiM : saMghAhiyeNa tAtahu pauttu, bhokai pahANa NisuNahi Niruttu / dujjaNa sajjaNa sasahAva hoMti, avaguNa guNAi te saI jiliMti / jiha ugaha sIya ravi sIsa haNammi, Niya payai Na mellahi puNu kahammi / caMdahu ujjoyaM tasaiMsANu, tAkiM so chaMDai Niyaya ThANu / jai puNu viulUbahu dukkhaheu, tA ravi suevi kiM Niyaya teu / jai takkara sAhuhu gau sahei, tA kiM sojaggaMtau rahei / jUvAsaeNa kiM kovivacchu, chaMDai bhaNu taNu icchu jipasacchu |-smmtt0 1 / 16 / 1-7 arthAt he kavizreSTha, suniye, durjana-sajjana to apane-apane svabhAva se hote haiN| ve avaguNoM evaM sadguNoM ke bala para hI jIvita rahate haiM. ravi evaM zazi eka hI AkAza meM apanI uSNatA evaM zItalatA kA kyA parityAga kara dete haiM ? dhUli ke kaNoM se AcchAdita ho jAne para bhI kyA candramA apane prakAza ko denA chor3a detA hai. rAhu ke dvArA grasta ho jAne para bhI kyA sUrya apanI tejasvitA chor3a detA hai. yadi cora sAhUkAra kI upasthiti na cAhe to kyA vaha saMsAra meM rahanA hI chor3a de. yadi juArI vyakti kisI vastu ko dA~va para lagA de to kyA usase vaha vastu aprazasta ho jAtI hai. tathA isase dUsarA koI anya sajjana vyakti usakI cAha karanA bhI chor3a de. ataH he kavivara, Apa nizcinta mana hokara apanI kAvya racanA kareM. mahAkavi ke eka dUsare sahayogI bhakta the harisiMha sAhU. unakI tIvra icchA thI ki unakA nAma candravimAna meM likhA jAya. ataH unhoMne kavi se savinaya nivedana kiyA ki : mahu sAgurAva tahu mitta jeNa, vieNatti majhu avahAri teja / mahu NAmu lihahi caMdaho vimANu, chaya vayaNu suddha Niya citti ThANu / --balabhadra0 2411-12 Jain Education Inte Mor Private &Personal use/2
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________________ rAjArAma jaina : raidhU-sAhitya kI prazastiyoM meM aitihAsika va sAMskRtika sAmagrI : 657 arthAt 'he mitra, mujha para anurAgI banakara merI vinatI suna lIjiye evaM mere dvArA icchita balabhadra purANa nAmaka racanA likhakara merA nAma candravimAna meM aMkita karA dIjiye.' harisiMha kI ukta prArthanA sunakara kavi ne kaI kAraNoM se apanI asamarthatA vyakta karate hue tathA rAmacarita kI vizAlatA kA anubhava karate hue uttara diyA : ghaDaeNa bharaha ko uvahi tou, ko phaNi siramaNi payaDai viNou / paMcANaNa muhi ko khivai hatthu, vigu sutteM mahi ko rayaivatthu / biNu buddhietaha kabbaha pasAru, viraeppiNu gacchami kema pAru / -balabhadra0 1 / 4 / 1-4 arthAt 'he bhAI, rAmacarita (apara nAma balabhadra-carita) kA likhanA sarala kArya nahIM, usake likhane ke liye mahAn sAdhanA, kSamatA evaM zakti kI AvazyakatA hai. Apa hI batAiye bhalA ghar3e meM samasta samudrajala ko kauna bhara sakatA hai ? sA~pa ke sira se maNi ko kauna le sakatA hai ? prajvAlita paJcAgni meM kauna apanA hAtha DAla sakatA hai ? binA dhAge se ratnoM kI mAlA ko kauna gUMtha sakatA hai ? binA buddhi ke isa vizAla kAvya kI racanA karane meM maiM kaise pAra pA sakU~gA? ukta prakAra se uttara dekara kavi ne sAha kI bAta ko sambhavataH TAla denA cAhA, kintu sAhU sAhaba bar3e hI catura the. unhoMne aise avasara para vaNikbuddhi se kArya kiyA. unhoMne kavi ko apanI pUrva maMtrI kA smaraNa dilAte hue kahA ki :'kavivara, Apa to nirdoSa kAvya-racanA meM dhurandhara haiM. zAstrArtha Adi meM nipuNa haiM. Apake zrImukha meM to sarasvatI kA vAsa hai. Apa kAvya-praNayana meM pUrNa samartha haiM. ata: isa (rAmacarita) grantha kI racanA avazya hI karane kI kRpA kIjiye." basa, kavi kI sahRdaya bhAvukatA ko ukasAne ke lie itanA kathana mAtra paryApta thA. antataH vaha 'rAmacarita' likhane ke liye taiyAra ho jAtA hai. apanI vidvattA evaM satkavitva ke kAraNa kavi kA samAja meM bahuta hI ucca sthAna thA. sadAcaraNa, kAryaniSThA, paraduHkhakAtaratA, evaM paropakAravRtti ke kAraNa mahAkavi raidhU ne kyA rAjA aura kyA raMka, sabhI ke hRdayoM para ekacchatra zAsana kiyA thA. yahI kAraNa hai ki yadi kavi kvacit kadAcit kisI ko koI Adeza detA thA to use loga apane gaurava kI bAta mAnate the. tathA use pUrNa karane meM loga apanA ahobhAgya mAnate the. eka samaya kI ghaTanA hai ki mahAkavi ko 'pAsaNAha cariu' kI racanA karane kI icchA jAgRta huI tathA usake lie unheM Arthika sahayoga kI AvazyakatA par3I. taba unhoMne sAhU kula ziromaNi zrIkhemasiMha ko Adeza diyA ki 'tuma isa grantha' (pAsaNAha cariu) 'racanA kA bhAra vahana karo.'2 sAhU khemasiMha ne jaba yaha sunA to ve gadgad ho uThe. unake zarIra meM romAMca ho AyA tathA isa prakAra ke kavi ke Adeza se unhoMne apane ko gauravAnvita samajhakara unakA AbhAra mAnA. unhoMne atyanta prasannatA pUrvaka kavi se kahA : Niyagehi uvarANau kapparukkhu, tahu phalu ko gau baMchai sasukkhu / puNNeNa pattu jai kAmadheNu, ko hissAyai puNu vigayareNu / taha pai puNu mahu kiu saI pasAu, mahu jammu sayalu bho ajjajAu / tuhu~ dhaNNu jAsu erisau cittu, kaiyaNa guNu dullahu jeNa pattu / -pAsaNAha0 1 / 8 / 1-4 1. dekhiye, balabhadra0 115 / 5-6. 2. dekhiye, pAsaNAha0 11712. 3. dekhiye, pAsaNAha0 17.13-14. | Tu Tu Tu Tu Tu Tu JainEMOoliandin www.ainelibrary.org
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________________ 658 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya arthAt "he kavivara, apane hI ghara meM utpanna hue kalpavRkSa ke sukhada phala ko kauna nahIM khAnA cAhegA ? puNya se prApta huI kAmadhenu ko kauna zIghra hI nahIM duhanA cAhegA ? Apane kAvya-racanA kI svataH hI svIkRti dekara mujha para jo mahatI kRpA kI hai usase merA samasta jIvana hI saphala ho gayA hai. Apa dhanya haiM jinheM kavijanoM ko durlabha aisA sundara evaM sarasa hRdaya prApta huA hai." itanA hI nahIM, jaba 'pAsaNAha cariu' kI parisamApti huI tathA kavi ne sAhU khemasiMha ko ukta racanA samarpita kI to sAhU sAhaba ne use atyanta zraddhA-bhakti ke sAtha grahaNa kiyA tathA atyanta harSa vibhora hokara unhoMne kavi ko dvIpa dvIpAntaroM se ma~gavAye hue vastrAbhUSaNAdi upahAra svarUpa bheMTa kiye jisase kavi ko bhI bar3I hI Atma santuSTi huI.' mahAkavi raidhU ke tyAga, tapasyA evaM sAhitya-sAdhanA se unake samakAlIna gvAliyara nareza DUMgarasiMha evaM unake putra rAjA kItisiMha bhI bahuta hI adhika prabhAvita the. DUMgarasiMha ne to kavi ko rAjamahala meM baiThakara hI sAhitya-sAdhanA karane kA nivedana kiyA thA. jise kavi ne svayaM hI isa prakAra vyakta kiyA hai : govaggiri duggami NivasaMtau bahusuheNa tahiM / / paNamaMtau gurupAya pAyaDaMtu jiNasuttu mahi / -sammai0 113 / 6-10 raidhU-sAhitya kA pArAyaNa karane se vidita hotA hai ki ve AdinAtha prabhu ke parama bhakta the, kintu unake mana meM AdinAtha prabhu ke prati jisa prakAra kI kalpanA thI, tadanurUpa koI bhI pratibimba unake AsapAsa na thA. taba unake mana meM yaha icchA jAgRta huI ki gvAliyara-durga meM hI usakI eka vizAla mUtti kA nirmANa ho. yaha bAta rAjA DUMgarasiMha tathA vahA~ ke anya logoM ke kAnoM meM pahu~cI hI thI ki vaha kArya hI prArambha ho gayA. phira vaha mUtti mAmUlI nahIM banI. mahArAja DUMgarasiMha ne dUra-dUra se catura kalAkAroM ko bulAkara 57 phITa U~cI aisI bhavya AdinAtha kI pratimA kA nirmANa karA diyA jo dakSiNa bhArata ke gommaTezvara kA smaraNa karAtI hai. ukta mUtti ke bAda hI mUrtikalA kA kArya samApta nahIM ho gayA. tatpazcAt hI yojanA kA punavistAra huA tathA rAjA DUMgarasiMha ke jIvanaparyanta tathA unake bAda unake putra rAjA kItisiMha ke rAjya-kAla taka kula lagAtAra taitIsa varSoM taka (vi0 saM0 1467-1530 taka) yaha kArya calatA rahA jisameM agaNita jaina-mUttiyoM kA nirmANa huA. kavi ne likhA hai : agaNiya praNapaDima ko lakkhai, suraguru tAha gaNaNa jai akkhh| -sammata0 1 / 13 / 5 ukta pratimAoM meM se AdinAtha kI mUtti kI pratiSThA svayaM kavi raidhU ne hI kI thI. isI se yaha bhI vidita hotA hai ki ve pratiSThAcArya bhI the. mUtti lekha nimna prakAra hai'saMvat 1467 varSe vaizAkha........7 zukle punarvasunakSatre zrI gopAcala durge mahArAjAdhirAja rAjA zrI DuMga (rasiMha) rAjya saMvartamAne zrI kASThAsaMghe mAthuragacche puSkaragaNe bha0 guNakItti devAH tatpa? bha0 yazaH kItti devAH pratiSThAcArya paNDita raidhU teSAM AmnAye agrotavaMze goyala gotre sAdhu rAjA DUMgarasiMha evaM kItisiMha ke rAjyakAla meM nirmita ukta mUttiyoM ne itihAsa evaM kalA ke kSetra meM jaisA adbhuta kArya kiyA, vaha anUThA hai. madhyabhArata kA 14-15 vIM sadI kA jItA-jAgatA itihAsa ina mUttiyoM kI AkRtiyoM se spaSTa jhA~katA pratIta hotA hai. tatkAlIna mAlava-janapada kI rAjanaitika Arthika, dhArmika, sAmAjika evaM sAMskRtika itihAsa kI svarNamayI rekhAe~ ina mUrtilekhoM meM vidyamAna haiM. apanI viziSTa kalA ke kAraNa sadiyoM se ina mUttiyoM ne dezI-videzI sabhI kalAkAroM evaM paryaTakoM ko AkarSita kiyA hai. samrATa bAbara, phAdara mANserATa, janarala-kaniMghama, jemsa phargyusana, kemareza, evaM zrI ema0 bI0 garde, DA0 rAyacaudharI, rAjendralAla mitrA, hariharanivAsa dvivedI prabhRti 1. dekhiye, pAsaNAha0 14101-8. 2. dekhiye--bhaTTAraka sampradAya lekhAGka 560 pRSTha saMkhyA 218, IT ubAlabAjavAjavAvAjavAbavAvAcAvAcAvAtAvAnAvAcA Jain E Gianfary.org
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________________ rAjArAma jaina : raddadhU-sAhitya kI prazastiyoM meM aitihAsika va sAMskRtika sAmagrI : 656 darzakoM evaM itihAsa-marmajJoM ne muktakaNTha se ukta mUrtikalA kI prazaMsA kI hai. DA0 rAyacaudharI ne likhA hai "He (Dungarsen) was a great patron of the Jaina faith and held the Jainas in high esteem. During his eventful reign the work of carving Jaina images on the rock of the fort of Gwalior was taken in hand; it was brought to completion during the reign of his successor Raja Karan Singh. All around the base of the fort the magnificent statues of the Jaina Pontiff of antiquity gaze from their tall niches like mighty guardians of the great fort and its surrounding landscape. Babar was much annoyed by these Rocksculptures as to issue orders for their destruction in 1557. A. D. Jain o mugala samrAT bAbara ne apane 'bAbaranAmA' meM inhIM mUttiyoM ke viSaya meM likhA thA jisakA janarala kaniMghama ne aMgrejI anuvAda isa prakAra kiyA hai : They have hewn the solid rock of this Adiva and sculptured out of it idols of larger and smaller size. On the south part of it is a large size which may be about 40ft in height. These figures are perfectly naked, without even a rag to cover the parts of generation. Adiva is far from being a mean place, on the contrary, it is extremely pleasent. The greatest fault consists in the idol figures all about it. "I directed these idols to be destroyed." isI prakAra bhArata sarakAra ke relave vibhAga ne gvAliyara sambandhI apanI eka pustikA meM "Rock-Giants" ke nAma se ukta mUrtiyoM kA paricaya nimna prakAra diyA hai : Round the base of Gwalior Fort are several enormous figures of the Jaina Tirthamkaras or pontiffs which Vie in dignity with the colossal effigies of that greatest of all self advertisers Remses II who plastered Egypt with records of himself and his achievements. These Jaina statues were excavated from 1440-1473 A. D. isa prakAra kavikula divAkara raidhU kI preraNA se gvAliyara ke "do narezoM ke rAjya meM jaina sAhitya, saMskRti evaM kalA ko prazraya milA aura unake dvArA mUrtikalA kA jo vikAsa huA usakI ye bhAvamayI pratimAe~ pratIka haiM. 33 varSoM ke thor3e samaya meM hI kurUpa evaM beDaula caTTAneM mahAnatA, zAnti evaM tapasyA kI bhAva-vyaMjanA se mukharita ho uThIM. aba ukta pramANoM se yaha suspaSTa ho jAtA hai ki mahAkavi raidhU ne sacamuca hI apane mahAn vyaktitva evaM kRtitva se mAlava janapada meM eka navIna sAMskRtika cetanA jAgRta kI tathA lakSmI evaM sarasvatI ke ciravara ko dUrakara unameM eka camatkAra pUrNa samanvaya sthApita kiyA. ataH samanvayavAdI kavi ke rUpa meM raidhU bhAratIya sAhitya meM sadA hI smaraNIya raheMge. raha-sAhitya meM upalabdha prazastiyoM meM anya jo vividha sUcanAe~ milatI haiM ve bhI kaI dRSTiyoM se atyanta mUlyavAn haiM. sAmAjika evaM Arthika paristhitiyoM kA sundara varNana, samakAlIna rAjAoM kA paricaya, nagara varNana Adi apane vizeSa aitihAsika mahatva rakhate haiM. 1. dekhiye - The Romance of the Fort of Gwalior 1931 Page 19-20. 2. samagra razdhU- sAhitya meM "kIrttisiMha" yahI nAma milatA hai. 3. See Murry's Northen India Page 381-382. 4. See "Gwalior" (Published by the ministry of Railways) Govt. of India Delhi. SEISEINEN SEINES IN SESEISESEINE SEISESEISI rary.org
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________________ 660 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : tRtIya adhyAya sAmAjika-dRSTi se kavi ne tatkAlIna kaI tathyoM ke sAtha hI vyaktiyoM kI pravRttiyoM para sundara prakAza DAlA hai. raidhU dvArA vaNita vyakti naitika-vAtAvaraNa meM palA-pusA milatA hai. vaha nirAlasya, udyogI, dhArmika, dAnazIla, paraduHkhakAtara, svAdhyAya jijJAsu evaM sAhitya-rasika, guNIjanoM ke prati zraddhAlu tathA dIrghAyuSya thA. nirAmiSa, sAttvika bhojiyoM kA dIrghAyuSya honA svAbhAvika bhI thA. kavi ke samaya meM manuSya ke sau varSoM taka jIvita rahane kI dhAraNA eka sAdhAraNa-sI bAta thI. raidhU kA eka bhakta saMsAra se nirviNNa hokara kavi se kahatA hai ki "manuSya kI Ayu sau varSa mAtra kI hai, usameM se AdhA jIvana to sone-sone meM nikala jAtA hai."5 bhArata sarakAra ke impIriyala gajeTiyara ke anusAra bhI madhyabhArata ke jainiyoM kI Ayu apekSAkRta lambI dekhI gaI hai : The age statistics show that the Jainas, who are the richest and best mourished community are the longest, while the Animists and Hindus show the gratest fecundity. tatkAlIna samAja kI jinavANI-bhakti evaM sAhitya-rasikatA ke pariNAmasvarUpa hI mahAkavi raidhU tathA anya kaviyoM kA amUlya vizAla sAhitya likhA jA sakA thA. una logoM ke ni:svArtha evaM nizchala Azraya meM rahakara kavigaNa mAM-bhAratI kI amUlya sevAeM karate rahe. kaviyoM ne bhI apane paramabhakta evaM zraddhAlu AzrayadAtAoM kI bhakti se prabhAvita hokara unakA svayaM kA tathA unakI 6-6, 7-7 pIr3hiyoM taka kI vaMzAvaliyA~ evaM pArivArika itihAsa Adi ko apanI grantha-prazastiyoM ke mAdhyama se likhakara unake prati kRtajJatA kA paricaya dekara eka ora jahA~ apanI amarakRtiyoM ke sAtha unheM amara banA diyA, vahIM dUsarI ora bhAvI paramparAoM ke liye eka amUlya sAmAjika evaM sAMskRtika itihAsa bhI taiyAra kara diyA. isa prakAra agravAla, jaisavAla, khaNDelavAla, padmAvati-puravAla Adi jAtiyoM se sambandha rakhane vAle bahumUlya tathya isa sAhitya meM upalabdha haiM. mAlava-janapada kI mahilA-samAja se to kavi itanA adhika prabhAvita thA ki unake guNoM ke varNana meM kavi kI lekhanI abAdhagati se daur3atI thI. kavi likhatA hai ki "vahA~ kI nAriyA~ dRr3ha zIlavrata se yukta thIM. vividha prakAra ke dAnoM se pAtroM kA saMrakSaNa karatI thI. aisA pratIta hotA hai mAnoM vahA~ nArI ke rUpa meM sAkSAt lakSmI ne hI avatAra le liyA hai. vahA~ asundara to koI dIkhatA hI na thA. prAtaHkAla kriyAoM se nivRtta hokara sundara-sundara motI jar3e vastrAbhUSaNAdi dhAraNa kara pUjA ke nimitta pramuditamana se nAriyA~ mandiroM kI ora jAtI thIM tathA deva evaM guru ke caraNoM meM mAthA jhukAtI thIM. samyagdarzana ke pAlana meM pravINa thIM. para puruSoM ko apane bhAI ke samAna mAnatI thIM. maiM vahA~ ke strIpuruSoM ke sambandha meM adhika kyA kahU~ jahA~ ki baccA-baccA bhI saptavyasanoM kA tyAgI thA." isa prakAra mahAkavi raidhU kI nArI paramazIlavatI, patibhaktA, dhArmika, gRhakAryakuzala, udAracitta, paraduHkhakAtara, dAnazIlA, parivAra-poSaka evaM AlasyavihIna hai. use apane baccoM ke susaMskAroM kA sadA dhyAna rahatA hai. usakI dekha-rekha meM baccoM kA svabhAva aisA ho jAtA hai ki ve saptavyasanoM tathA anya anaitika-pravRttiyoM se sadA dUra rahakara parama AsthAvAna bana jAte haiM. ise hI mA~ kA saccA mAtRtva kahA jA sakatA hai. raidhU ne nArI meM mA~ ke darzana karake hI use aisA citrita kiyA hai. isalie jahA~ use nArI-saundarya ke varNana karane kA avasara milA hai, vahA~ basa "gai haMsajIva" (haMsa kI gati ke samAna calane vAlI); "laliya girA" (sundara madhura vANI bolane vAlI) jaise vizeSaNa taka hI unhoMne apane ko sImita rakhA hai. mahAkavi kezava, deva, matirAma yA bihArI athavA anya zRMgAra-rasa ke rasika dhurandhara kaviyoM ke samAna vAsanA ko ubhAr3ane meM ve bahuta hI pIche par3a gaye haiM. unakI isa sImA ko cAhe unakA doSa mAnA jAya athavA guNa, yaha bahuta kucha niSpakSa samAlocakoM ke hAthoM meM hI hai, kintu vastusthiti yahI hai. 1. dekhiye sammatta01.8.1. 2. See Imperial Gazetteer Vol. IX Page 353. 3. dekhiye-sammatta01-6-10-16 Jainvivar USE Minerary.org
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________________ rAjArAma jaina : raidhU-sAhitya kI prazastiyoM meM aitihAsika va sAMskRtika sAmagrI : 661 dAmpatya-jIvana kI sArthakatA tabhI mAnI jAtI thI, jaba ki suyogya saMtati kI prApti ho. usake abhAva meM uttarAdhikAra kI eka vikaTa samasyA uTha khar3I hotI thI. usake abhAva meM kauna to cala acala sampatti kA saMrakSaNa karegA, gRhastha-dharma-nIti kA pravartana kauna karegA ? AzritoM ke A~sU poMchakara unakA lAlana-poSaNa kauna karegA ?" vizeSatayA mA~ kA AdhAra to pati kI mRtyu ke bAda putra hI hai usIko apanI AzAoM kA kendra mAnakara vaha ghara meM vAsa karatI hai. Arthika sthiti kI dRSTi se kavi ne prazaMgavaza bahuta sI bAtoM kI carcA kI hai. vastutaH artha-vyavasthA kisI bhI samAja yA rASTra kI rIr3ha hotI hai. usakI pRSThabhUmi meM vibhinna paramparAe~ nirmita hotI haiM. jana-jIvana kA vikAsa tathA rItirivAja bhI usI ke Aloka meM prakAzita hote haiM. mAlavA kA raidhU kAlIna samaya kaI dRSTiyoM se samRddha thA. samAja, saMskRti evaM sAhitya kA jo abhUtapUrva vikAsa vahA~ huA, usakA pramukha kAraNa vahA~ kI zAntipUrNa evaM sthira rAjanIti evaM arthavyavasthA hI thI. kavi ke sammukha Arthika sampannatA kA citraNa karane ke liye itanI sAmagrI thI ki use vaha apane sAhityarUpI vizAla kSetra meM donoM hAthoM se uchAla-uchAlakara bikheratA calA hai. sAmAnya jana ko usakA cuna sakanA kaThina hai. kavi ke anusAra mAlava janapada sabhI prakAra ke dhana-dhAnya se paripUrNa thA. aisI koI bhI vastu na thI jisakA ki vahA~ abhAva ho vahA~ kA vyApArI varga nyAyapUrvaka sampatti kA arjana karatA thA phira bhI usakA upayoga bhogaizvarya meM nahIM karatA thA. loga sadaiva hI isa prakAra socA karate the ki 'aisI sampatti ke arjana evaM saMcaya se kyA lAbha jisase dIna-dukhI evaM AvazyakatA vAle logoM kI AvazyakatAe~ hI pUrNa na hoM. 5 'pAsaNAhacariu" kI racanA - samApti ke bAda kavi ne jaba use apane AzrayadAtA khemasiMha sAhU ko samarpita kiyA to unhoMne kavi ko dvIpadvIpAntaroM se lAye gaye vividha vastrAbhUSaNAdi bheMTa svarUpa pradAna kiye the. isase pratIta hotA hai ki sAhU khemasiMha tathA anya logoM kA vyApAra videzoM meM bhI calatA thA tathA uccakoTi ke kapar3e tathA sonA-cA~dI hIrA motiyoM Adi sAmapriyoM kA praryApta mAtrA meM AyAta-1 ta-niryAta kiyA jAtA thA. * nagara - varNana kI dRSTi se mahAkavi raidhU ne apanI prazastiyoM meM gvAliyara kA bar3A sundara varNana kiyA hai. usake samaya meM vahA~ kA vaibhava apane yauvana para thA. vahA~ ke kalApUrNa bhavana evaM jina mandira jana- kolAhala se paripUrNa sundara sar3akeM, sone-cAMdI evaM hIre motiyoM se bhare hue bAjAra, sthAna-sthAna para nirmita dAna zAlAe~, caTazAlAe~ Adi kisI ke bhI mana ko moha sakatI thIM. samRddha vyApArI varga dharma evaM sAhitya kI sevA meM sadaiva AgragAmI rahatA thA. gvAliyara meM vidvAnoM, kaviyoM kA nivAsa sthAna thA. samAja meM unheM khUba pratiSThA evaM sammAna prApta hotA thA. nagaravadhue~ jaba prabhAtI gIta evaM pUjana-bhajana ke sundara padya madhura svara laharI se gAtI huI nikalatIM to nagara meM zAnti kA sAmrAjya chA jAtA thA. ise dekhakara kavi svayaM hI Atmavibhora ho uThatA thA. sarva guNa sampanna hone ke kAraNa kavi ko gvAliyara ke liye 'paNDita' kI upAdhi denI par3I. vaha kahatA hai ki - 'pRthvI maNDala meM pradhAna, devendroM ke mana meM bhI Azcarya utpanna kara dene vAlA, vizAla toraNoM evaM zikharoM se yukta yaha gopAcala nagara aisA lagatA hai mAnoM paNDita zreSTha gopAcala ho." Age calakara kavi ne gvAliyara nagara kA bar3A hI sundara evaM vizada varNana kiyA hai." gvAliyara ko 1. dekhiye- sukauzala carita 3-18-11. 2. dekhiye- asukausala0 4/7/6. 3. dekhiye - mehesara0 1/4/8. 4. dekhiye- mehesara0 114/6. 5. dekhiye- paumacariu. 1|3|10. 6. dekhiye ---pAsaNAha0 7 / 10 / 5-6. 7. dekhiye- pAsa ha0 1/2/15-16. 8. dekhiye-pAsaNAha0 1 / 3 / 1-14. For Private Face Onl
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________________ 662 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya paNDita zreSTha kI saMjJA dekara bhI kavi ko jaba pUrNa santoSa na huA taba usane punaH use zreSThatamanagaroM kA guru bhI use mAna liyA.' kavi ke ukta nagara-vaibhava ke varNana kI zailI evaM paramparA nagara ke aitihAsika tathya ko vyakta karane kI dRSTi se to apanA vizeSa mahattva rakhatI hI hai lekina isase bhI jyAdA mahattva isa bAta meM hai ki vaha paravartI sAhityakAroM ke liye eka preraNA kA janaka bana gayA. jo siddhahasta kavi the, ve usase anuprANita hue tathA jo navazikSita athavA nava dIkSita the. usakA unhoMne zabdazaH anukaraNa kiyA. mahAkavi raidhU ke lagabhaga 40-50 varSa bAda hI eka mANikkarAja (vi0 saM0 1576) nAma ke kavi hue haiM, jinhoMne apabhraMsa meM 'amarasena cariu' nAmaka kAvya likhA thA. usake prazasti-khaNDa meM unhoMne bhI nagara-varNana kiyA hai. ukta kavi ne 4-6 zabda badala kara mahAkavi raidhU kA gvAliyara nagaravarNana pUrA kA pUrA AtmasAta kara liyA.2 isI prakAra 'paNDita zreSTha' gopAcala kI caraNaraja lekara apane ko pavitra mAnane vAlI suvarNarekhA nadI kA camatkAra bhI dekhiye kavi ne isa prakAra varNita kiyA hai : sovarANareha NaM uvahiM jAya NaM, tomaraNiva puNNaNa zrAya / tAivi sohiu govAyalakkhu, NaM bhajja samANa uM NAhu dakkhu / --pAsaNAha0 1 / 3 / 15-16 sovaNNarekha gai jahiM sahae, sajjaNa vayaNu va sA jalu vhe| -mehesara 1 / 4 / 4 Ajakala vahI mahAbhAgA suvarNarekhA nadI sUkhakara mAnoM kA~TA bana gaI hai. Aja vahI eka nadI ke nAma para bailagAr3I ke rAste mAtra ke rUpa meM bacI hai. To the eastside the denseness the houses is interested by the broad bed of the Suvernrekha or golden streak rivulet, which being generally dry, form some of the principal thoroughfares of the city (of Lashkar) and is almost the only one passable by Carts." eka ora gvAliyara nagara jahA~ artha evaM kalA ke vaibhava kA dhanI thA, dUsarI ora vaha prakRti kA prAGgaNa bhI banA huA thA. vahA~ ke nadI, nada, vana, upavana, vizAla sarovara, hare-bhare maidAna, sarovaroM meM kUjane vAle kalahaMsa vApikAoM meM jalakrIr3A karane vAle nara-nArI sabhI ke manoM ko moha lete the. eka jagaha to kavi ne bar3I hI sundara kalpanA kI hai. usake anusAra nagara ke 'bhavana-bhavana nahIM, rAjA DUMgarasiMha kI santati paramparA hI thI.' kavi kA bhAva dekhiye kitanA gur3ha hai, eka tIra se do lakSyoM kI siddhi usane kI hai. bhavanoM kI kalAtmaka bhavyatA kA digdarzana eva dUsarI ora rAjA rAjA ke yaza kA sthirIkaraNa. mahAkavi raidhu ne apanI prazastiyoM meM apane samakAlIna do rAjAoM kA ullekha kiyA hai tomaravaMzI rAjA DUMgarasiMha evaM unake putra rAjA kIti siMha. gvAliyara-rAjya ke nirmAtAoM meM inakA atyanta mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai. DUMgarasiMha jaisA vIra-parAkramI, dhairyazAlI, prajAvatsala, dhArmika, udAra, niSpakSa, pragatizIla, sAhitya-rasika evaM kalApremI rAjA dUsarA nahIM huA. vaha rAjya ke sukha evaM samRddhi kA janaka thA. vahA~ ke raidhU kAlIna jaina-sAhitya evaM kalA ke vikAsa kA sArA zreya usIko hai. mahAkavi raidhU ke varNana ke anusAra DUMgarasiMha kA samaya 'suvarNakAla' hI thA yaha sthiti use paramparA se prApta huI ho aisI bAta nahIM. usane kA~ToM se bharA-pUrA tAja apane sira para rakhA thA. mugaloM evaM unake pUrva ke zatru 1. dekhiye-pAsaNAha01317-18. 2. dekhiye-hA0 kastUracandra jI kAzalIvAla dvArA sampAdita "prazasti-saMgraha (jayapura 1950) pRSTha 80-81. 3. See Murrys Northern India Vol. I pages 381-382. 4. dekhiye-sammatta0131-5. 5. dekhiye-mehesr01|4|5. Jain Parary.org
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________________ Jain Educarerschei rAjArAma jaina : raidhU- sAhitya kI prazastiyoM meM aitihAsika va sAMskRtika sAmagrI : 663 rAjAoM ne apane AkramaNoM se gvAliyara ko jarjara kara diyA thA. usake samaya meM caturdika anizcita paristhitiyoM kA vAtAvaraNa thA. aisI sthiti meM rAjA DUMgara siMha ko rAjagaddI milI thI. anekoM rAtriyA~ ghor3e kI pITha para hI kATane ke bAda usa naravyAghra ne apane kuzala parAkrama se zatruoM kA bala naSTa kara gvAliyara ke prajA-jIvana ke itihAsa kA eka navIna adhyAya prArambha kiyA thA. raidhU- sAhitya meM isake pracura mAtrA meM ullekha milate haiM. eka sthAna para kavi ne likhA hai. tahi tomara kulasiri rAyahaMsu, guNa gaNa rayaNAhasa laDasaMsu / araNAya gAya sAsaNa pavIgu, paMcaMga maMta satyahaM pavINu / arirAya urasthali dieNa dAhu, samaraMgaNi pattau vijayalAhu | svaggagga Dahiya jeM micchvaMsu, jasa Uriya Uriya je disaMtu / ziva paTTAlaMkiya viula bhAlu, atuliya bala khalakula palayakAlu | siri zivagaNesa dagu payaMDa, NaM gorakkhaNa vihiNuvasaMDu | sattaMga rajja bhara dieNa khaMDu, sammANadANa tosiya sabaMdhu / karabAla paTTi viSphuriya jIhu, pavvaMta trii gayadalaNa sIhu | 2 rAjA DUMgara siMha kA darabAra sabhI ke liye samAna rUpa se khulA rahatA thA. prajA kA koI bhI dhanI yA garIba vyakti unake sammukha jAkara apane duHkha-sukha kI bAteM sunA sakatA thA. pichale eka sthala para saMghapati kamala siMha ke sAtha ghaTita eka ghaTanA kA ullekha kiyA hI jA cukA hai. usase yaha spaSTa vidita ho jAtA hai ki vaha kevala talavAra kA dhanI evaM lar3AkU mAtra hI na thA apitu prajA ke sukha-duHkha kA saccA sahabhAgI, sAttvika evaM sAhitya premI bhI thA. isase bhI bar3ha kara jo eka navIna bAta jJAta hotI hai vaha yaha ki vaha itihAsavettA bhI thA. kalpanA kIjiye 500 varSa pahale ke yuga kI jaba ki yAtAyAta ke Aja jaise suvidhAjanaka evaM zIghragAmI sAdhanoM kI usa samaya kalpanA bhI na thI phira bhI DUMgara siMha ne saikar3oM mIla dUra sthita soraTha, AbU tathA dillI Adi ke itihAsa kI jAnakArI prApta kI thI tathA una una rAjyoM ke AdarzoM se preraNAe~ letA rahA. yaha kaha sakanA to kaThina hai ki mahAkavi raghU unake guru the kintu itanA to nizcita hI hai ki vaha raghU kA sammAna karatA thA tathA unheM durga meM rahane ke liye sarva sukha-sampanna nivAsa sthAna diyA thA jaisA ki pUrva meM likhA hI jA cukA hai. unakI satsaMgati meM rahakara hI rAjA ne Atmika evaM bauddhika vikAsa ke sAtha hI yadi itihAsa kI jAnakArI bhI prApta kI ho to yaha asambhava nahIM. kavi DUMgara siMha se svayaM hI atyanta prabhAvita thA. usakI nItimattA, kalAprema parAkrama evaM ekacchatra rAjya kI sthApanA kA varNana karate hue kavi ne likhA hai. * NIi taMragiNI gAvai sAyaru, sayala kalAlau rAtri dosAyaru / ve pakakhujjalu yipaya pAlau, milaccha gariMda vaMsa khaya kAlau / parantu jijo muMbaI suNiSaNa biMda dAraMjaha | DUMgara siMha kI paTTarAnI kA nAma thA caMdAde 3 usase eka putra utpanna huA jisakA nAma thA kIrtisiMha bala, parAkrama evaM dhArmika kAryoM meM vaha apane pitA se kama na thA. kavi ne usake sambandha meM likhA hai : , vizva guNa hA yA paMcakkhu bhAgu / saMkaru puhami jAu, jaM jaya sirIe payaDiyau bhAu / miri kitihi garidra yAMcaM kaLAvara jaya makhiTTa 1. dekhiye- pAsAha0 1 / 4 / 1-12. 2. dekhiye - mehesara0 115/1-3. 3. dekhiye -- pAsAha0 1 / 5 / 1. 4. dekhiye - mehesara0 115 3 5. , saMda va 5 Sheltong/.org
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________________ 664 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya tomara kula kamala viyAsa mitta, dubAra vairi saMgara atittu / dUMgara Niva rajja dharA samatthu, vaMdIyaNa samadhiya bhUrizvatthu / caurAya vijja pAlaNa ataMdu, Nimmala jasaballI bhuvaNa kaMdu / kali cakkavaTTI pAyaDa NihANu, siri kittisiMdhu mahavai phaannu|' zrI DA. hemacandrarAya kA isa viSaya meM kathana dRSTavya hai :2 Karan Singh was a Vigorous rular as his father Raja Dungarsingh. He extended the boundaries of his Kingdom by fresh conquest and maintained cordial relations with the King of Delhi. In 1465 A. D. he was attacked by Hussain, the Sharqui King of Jaunpur, but a treaty of mutual friendship was soon concluded between them. When Bahlol Lodi, the energetic Afghan King of Delhi took the offensive against Hussain in 1478. Karan Singh rendered valuable assistance to the later. The arms of Bahlol Lodihow ever, triumphed and he annexed the Jaunpur kingdom. He was deeply incensed against Karan Singh for having aided Hussain. After the conquest of Jaunpur Bahlol attacked tha chief of Dhaulpur, who purchased his safety by offering a Cash Nazar (najara yA naz2arAnA). Bahlol now bore down on Gwalior with an army of two lacs, well mounted and well armed Karan Singh could not muster a force of even one half the number of the invadors and was therefore obliged to follow the example of Dhaulpur to escape molestation. However he shook off the yoke as soon as Bahlol was known to be busy elsewhere. In 1479 A. D. Karan Singh passed away and was succeeded by Kalyan Singh who ruled for a period of 7 years. bhaTTArakoM kI paramparA meM raidhU ne apanI racanAoM kI prazastiyoM meM vijayasena guNakIti (vi0 saM0 1468-73) yaza:kIti (vi0 saM0 1486-67), kSemakIrti, hemakIti (vi0 saM0 1466) kumArasena (1506-30) kamalakIti (vi0 saM0 1506-10) tathA unake ziSya zubhacandra (vi0 saM0 1506-30) kA ullekha kiyA hai. inameM se bhaTTAraka yazaHkIti evaM bhaTTAraka zubhacandra ko kavi ne gururUpa meM smaraNa kiyA hai. bha0 zubhacandra kA paricaya dene ke liye kavi ne eka bar3I hI aitihAsika ghaTanA kA ullekha kiyA hai, vaha yaha ki unake guru bha0 kamalakIrti ne kanakAdri (sonAgira ma0 pra0) para eka bhaTTArakIya gaddI kI sthApanA kI thI jisakA paTTadhara bha0 zubhacandra ko hI banAyA gayA thA. kavi kI isa sUcanA se yaha spaSTa hai ki sonAgira usa samaya vidyA kA bar3A bhArI kendra bana gayA thA. bha. yaza:kIrti ke sambandha meM kavi ne likhA hai ki 'unhoMne mujhe AzIrvAda ke sAtha gurumaMtra diyA jisakI kRpA se maiM kavi bana gayA.'5 pUrvavartI sAhitya evaM sAhityakAroM meM kavi ne devanandi evaM unakA jainendra vyAkaraNa jinasena evaM unakA mahApurANa raviseNa evaM unakI rAmAyaNa, pavizena (vajrasena ?) evaM unakA SaDdarzana, surasena (devasena ?) evaM unakA meghezvara carita, dinakarasena evaM unake anaMga carita kA ullekha karate hue mahAkavi svayambhU, caumuha evaM puSpadanta kA atyanta sammAna pUrvaka smaraNa kiyA hai. kavi ke ukta ullekhoM se do bAtoM kI sUcanA spaSTa milatI hai. prathama to yaha 1. dekhiye-samyaktva kaumurda, antya prazasti. 2. dekhiye-The Romance of the fort of Gwalior Page 19-20. 3. kIrti siMha kA hI dUsarA nAma karana siMha hai. 4. dekhiye, haribaMsa011212-13. 5. dekhiye, mehesr01|38. Jain Ede
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________________ rAjArAma jaina : raidhU-sAhitya kI prazastiyoM meM aitihAsika va sAMskRtika sAmagrI : 665 ki kavi ne apanI racanA ke lekhana kAla meM ukta sAhitya evaM sAhityakAroM ko apane sammukha eka Adarza ke rUpa meM rakhA hai tathA dUsarA yaha ki kavi ne apanI racanAoM meM jo kucha bhI likhA hai vaha saba usane paramparA ke anusAra hI likhA hai Agama viruddha nahIM. isa prakAra ukta sUcanAoM se yaha spaSTa hI vidita ho jAtA hai ki 14-15 vIM sadI (vi0 saM0 1450-1536) ke isa mahAkavi ne sAhitya-jagat meM kaisA adbhuta kArya kiyA hai. sAhitya ke sAtha itihAsa kA samanvaya kara usane sAhitya samAja evaM rASTra kI bahumukhI amUlya sevA kI hai. madhya bhArata ke sambandha meM unakI sUcanAe~ atyanta navIna evaM maulika haiM. inake AdhAra para vahA~ kA eka sAMgopAMga, vizada evaM prAmANika rAjanaitika, sAMskRtika, dhArmika tathA mUrti, evaM sthApatyakalA kA sundara itihAsa taiyAra ho sakatA hai. vistAra ke bhaya se prastuta nibandha atyanta saMkSepa meM sikhanA par3A hai. isIlie isameM pUrNa sAmagrI bhI upasthita nahIM kI jA sakI hai. yadyapi kucha vizeSa dikkatoM ke kAraNa raidhU ke sabhI jJAta hastalikhita granthoM meM se kucha graMtha bhI mujhe upalabdha nahIM ho sake, kintu jo mila gaye unhIM ke AdhAra para ukta lekha eka bAnagI ke rUpa meM sahRdaya pAThakoM kI sevA meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai. kavi kI sabhI racanAe~ aprakAzita haiM tathA durbhAgya se unakI sabhI pratilipiyA~ eka hI sthAna para saMgrahIta nahIM haiM, deza ke vividha zAstrabhaNDAroM meM ikke-dukke yatra-tatra bikhare par3e haiM. vahA~ se AsAnI se upalabdha kara unakA pUrNa upayoga kiyA jA sake aisI suvidhAe~ bhI zodhakoM ke lie abhI sambhava nahIM ho sakI. ukta kavi ke sAhitya para abhI kisI kA vizeSa dhyAna bhI nahIM gayA hai ataH prAyaH sabhI prakAra ke sAdhanoM ke abhAvoM meM bhI yahAM jo likhA gayA, yaha eka sAhasI prayAsa hI hai. AzA hai sAhitya jagat isase eka aprakAzita mahAkavi kA mUlyAMkana zIghra hI karegA. Jain Education Intemational