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________________ pravacanasAra meM saMsAra aura mokSa kA svarUpa DaoN0 rameza canda jaina saMsAra-AcArya kundakunda ke anusAra saMsaraNa karate hue (gola phirate hue, parivartita hote hue) dravya kI kriyA kA nAma saMsAra hai| saMsAra meM svabhAva se avasthita koI nahIM hai| jIva dravyapane se avasthita hone para bhI paryAyoM se anavasthita hai| usameM manuSyAdika paryAyeM hotI haiN|' aba prazna yaha upasthita hotA hai ki jIva ke sAtha kisa kAraNa pudgala kA sambandha hotA hai ki jisase usakI manuSyAdi paryAyeM hotI haiM ? isakA uttara yaha hai ki karma se malina AtmA karmasaMyukta pariNAma ko (dravyakarma ke saMyoga se hone vAle azuddha pariNAma ko) prApta karatA hai, usase karma cipaka jAtA hai, isalie pariNAma karma hai| dravyakarma pariNAma kA hetu hai; kyoMki dravyakarma kI saMyuktatA se hI (azuddha)pariNAma dekhA jAtA hai| prazna...aisA hone se itaretarAzraya doSa aaegaa| uttara-nahIM AegA; kyoMki anAdi siddhadravya karma ke sAtha sambaddha AtmA ko jo pUrva kA dravyakarma hai, usakA yahAM hetu rUpa se grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| pudgala piNDoM ko karma rUpa karane vAlA AtmA nahIM hai-loka cAroM ora sUkSma tathA bAdara aura karmatva ke ayogya tathA yogya pudgala skandhoM ke dvArA avagAhita hokara gAr3ha bharA huA hai| karmatva yogya skandha jIva kI pariNati ko prApta karake karmabhAva ko prApta hote haiM, jIva unako nahIM prinnmaataa| karmarUpa pariNata ve pudgala piNDa dehAntara rUpa parivartana ko prApta karake punaH puna: jIva ke zarIra hote haiN| amUrtika AtmA kA mUrtika pudgala ke sAtha bandha-jaise rUpAdi rahita jIva rUpI dravyoM ko aura unake guNoM ko dekhatA hai aura jAnatA hai, usI prakAra arUpI AtmA kA rUpI pudgala ke sAtha bandha hotA hai| bhAvabandha-jo upayogamaya jIva vividha viSayoM ko prApta karake moha karatA hai, rAga karatA hai athavA dveSa karatA hai vaha jIva una moha, rAga, dveSa ke dvArA bandha rUpa hai| dravyabandha kA nimitta bhAvabandha-AcArya kundakunda kA kathana hai ki jIva jisa bhAva se viSayAgata padArtha ko dekhatA aura jAnatA hai, usI se uparakta hotA hai aura usI se karma baMdhatA hai| isI kI vyAkhyA karate hue AcArya amRtacandra kahate haiM- 'yaha AtmA sAkAra aura nirAkAra pratibhAsa svarUpa (jJAna aura darzanasvarUpa) hone se pratibhAsya (pratibhAsita hone yogya) padArtha samUha ko jisa moharUpa, rAgarUpa yA dveSarUpa bhAva se dekhatA aura jAnatA hai, usI se uparakta hotA hai| jo yaha uparAga (vikAra)hai, vaha vAstava meM snigdha rUkSatvasthAnIya bhAvabandha hai aura usI se avazya paudgalika karma baMdhatA hai / isa prakAra yaha dravyabandha kA nimitta bhAvabandha hai|" 1. 'saMsAro puNa kiriyA saMsaramANassa dabvassa', pravacanasAra, 120 2. 'tamhA du Natthi koI sahAvasamavaTThido tti saMsAre', vahI, 120 3.vahI, tattvapradIpikA vyAkhyA, pR0247-248 4. pravacanasAra, 121 5. vahI, tattvapradIpikA vyAkhyA, 121 6. pravacanasAra, 168-166 7. vahI, 170 8. vahI, 174 hai. vahI, 175 10. vahI, 176 11. tasvapradIpikA vyAkhyA, 176 16 AcAryaratna zrI dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja abhinandana grantha
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________________ jaba AtmA rAgadveSayukta hotA huA zubha aura azubha meM pariNamita hotA hai, taba karmaraja jJAnAvaraNAdi rUpa se usameM praveza karatI hai|' isa viSaya meM AcArya amRtacandra ne meghajala kA dRSTAnta diyA hai| jaba nayA meghajala bhUmisaMyogarUpa meM pariNamita hotA hai taba anya pudgala svayameva vicitratA ko prApta hariyAlI, kukuramuttA (chattA) aura indragopa (cAturmAsa meM utpanna lAla kIr3A) Adi rUpa meM pariNamita hotA hai| isI prakAra jaba yaha AtmA rAgadveSa ke vazIbhUta hotA huA zubhAzubharUpa pariNamita hotA hai taba anya yogadvAroM se praviSTa hote hue karmapudgala svayameva vicitratA ko prApta jJAnAvaraNAdi bhAvarUpa meM pariNamita hote haiN| pradezayukta vaha AtmA yathAkAla moha-rAga-dveSa ke dvArA kaSAyita hone se karmaraja se lipta yA baddha hotA huA bandha kahA gayA hai|' uparyukta vivecana se spaSTa hai ki kundakunda kI dRSTi meM karma do prakAra kA hotA hai-eka vaha karma jo AtmA meM hotA hai, jise jaina darzana meM bhAvakarma kahA jAtA hai, dUsarA dravyakarma jo paudgalika hotA hai, jisakI saMyuktatA se AtmA malina hotI hai| vaizeSika mata meM karma eka svatantra padArtha hai| jaina darzana meM karma svatantra padArtha na hokara AtmA kA azuddha pariNAma athavA pudgala kA vizeSa pariNamana hai, jise kramazaH dravyakarma aura bhAvakarma kahA jAtA hai| vaizeSika darzana meM karma kevala mUrtadravyoM meM hI rahatA hai| isa darzana ke anusAra AtmA vyApaka hai, ataH isameM karma nahIM hotaa| jaina darzana meM bhAvakarma AtmA meM hotA hai aura dravyakarma bhI AtmA ke pradezoM ke sAtha saMsArI avasthA meM eka kSetrAvagAhI rahatA hai, ataH vaha AtmA kA kahA jAtA hai| vaizeSika darzana meM karma aura kriyA donoM ko eka hI mAnA gayA hai| isIlie vahAM karma pAMca prakAra ke batalAe gae haiM-(1) utkSepaNa (2) avakSepaNa (3) AkuMcana (4) prasAraNa aura (5) gmn| jaina darzana meM kriyA cAhe vaha svapratyayaka ho athavA parapratyayaka ho, pratyeka dravya meM pAI jAtI hai, kyoMki vahAM pratyeka dravya ko utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvyayukta mAnA gayA hai, jaba ki karma yA to AtmA kA (vaibhAvika)pariNAma hotA hai athavA paudgalika karma hotA hai, anya kisI prakAra kA karma nahIM hotA hai| vedAnta darzana meM yadyapi niSpanda brahma meM mAyopAdhika AdyaspaMda yA halana-calana karma mAnA gayA hai, kintu usa mAyA ko ve mithyA mAnate haiM, jainadharma use sarvathA mithyA nahIM mAnatA hai / vedAnta brahma ko sthitimaya aura sRSTi ko gatyAtmaka mAnatA hai| jainadharma saba padArthoM ko sthitigatimaya mAnatA hai| sAMkhya darzana meM sRSTi-nirmANa ke sambandha meM prakRti kI mukhyatA hai, kyoMki puruSa kartA nahIM hai, vaha niSkriya hai, kartA svayaM prakRti hai| isalie pariNamana bhI prakRti meM hotA hai| kAraNa yaha hai ki puruSa niSkriya hai aura prakRti sakriya / jaina darzana meM saMsAra kA kAraNa AtmA aura karmapudgala donoM haiM ; kyoMki AtmA rAgadveSa karatA hai, usase karmapudgala AkRSTa hote haiM, karma pudgala ke nimitta se jIva rAgadveSa karatA hai, isa prakAra kA cakra nirantara calatA rahatA hai / puruSa arthAt AtmA kathaMcit kartA hai aura karmapudgala bhI kathaMcit kartA hai| puruSa yA AtmA sarvathA niSkriya nahIM hai| jar3a aura cetana donoM meM pariNamana hotA hai| sAMkhya darzana meM puruSa ko bandha nahIM hotA hai, jaina darzana meM saMsArI avasthA meM puruSa kA bandha hotA hai; kyoMki jisakA bandha hotA hai, usI kA mokSa honA yuktiyukta ThaharatA hai| sAMkhya darzana meM zubha-azubha, sukha-duHkha prakRti ke dharma haiN| jaina darzana ke anusAra ye saMsArI avasthA meM AtmA ko hote haiM aura inake hone meM kathaMcit prakRti yA karma nimitta hai| sAMkhya darzana meM puruSa karttA nahIM bhoktA hai| jaina darzana meM puruSa kartA bhI hai aura bhoktA bhI hai| jo kartA hotA hai, vahI bhoktA hotA hai, bhoktA sarvathA bhinna nahIM hotA hai| sAMkhya AtmA ko jJAnamaya na mAnakara jJAna ko jar3a prakRti kA dharma kahatA hai| jaina darzana jJAna ko AtmA kA dharma kahatA hai| bandha ke nirUpaka do naya-bandha ke nirUpaka do naya haiM-(1) nizcaya naya (2) vyavahAra naya / rAga pariNAma hI AtmA kA karma hai, vahI pUNya pApa rUpa dvaita hai, AtmA rAga pariNAma kA hI kartA hai, usI kA grahaNa karane vAlA hai aura usI kA tyAga karane vAlA hai-yaha zuddha dravya kA nirUpaNasvarUpa nizcaya naya hai aura jo pudgala-pariNAma AtmA kA karma hai, vahI puNya-pApa rUpa dvaita hai, AtmA pudagala-pariNAma kA kartA hai, usakA grahaNa karane vAlA aura chor3ane vAlA hai, aisA azuddha dravya kA nirUpaNasvarUpa vyavahAra naya hai| dravya kI pratIti zuddha rUpa aura azuddha rUpa donoM prakAra se kI jAtI hai| nizcayanaya yahAM sAdhakatama hai, ataH usakA grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| sAdhya ke zuddha hone se dravya ke zuddhatva kA dyotaka hone se nizcayanaya hI sAdhakatama hai, azuddhatva kA dyotaka vyavahAranaya sAdhakatama nahIM hai| jIva kI zubha, azubha aura zuddha avasthAyeM-jIva pariNAma svabhAvI hone se jaba zubha yA azubha bhAvarUpa pariNamana karatA hai, taba zubha yA azubha svayaM hotA hai aura jaba zuddha rUpa pariNamana karatA hai taba zuddha hotA hai| dharma se pariNamita svarUpa vAlA yadi zuddha upayoga meM yukta ho to mokSasukha ko prApta karatA hai aura yadi zubhopayoga vAlA ho to svarga ke sukha ko prApta karatA hai| azubha udaya se AtmA kUmanuSya, 1. pravacanasAra, 187 2. tattvapradIpikA vyAkhyA, 187 3. pravacanasAra, 188 4. pravacanasAra, tattvapradIpikA vyApA, 181 5. 'jIvo pariNamadi jadA suheNa asuheNa vA suho asuho| suddheNa tadA suddho havadi hi pariNAmasambhAvo / ', pravacanasAra, 6 6. vahI, 11 jaina darzana mImAMsA
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________________ tiryaca aura nArakI hokara hajAroM duHkhoM se sadA pIr3ita hotA huA saMsAra meM atyanta bhramaNa karatA hai|' bauddha darzana meM duHkha kA kAraNa tRSNA batalAI gaI hai / manuSya ko jahAM sukha evaM Ananda milatA hai, vahAM hI usakI pravRtti hotI hai| usakI yaha adhika pravRtti yA cAha hI tRSNA kahalAtI hai| yaha tRSNA hI punaH punaH utpanna karAtI hai arthAt tRSNA paunavikI hai| nandi aura rAga se sahagata hai| jahAM-jahAM satva utpanna hote haiM, vahAM vahAM tRSNA abhinandana karatI-karAtI hai ataeva tRSNA paunavikI, nandirAgasahagatA aura tatratatrAbhinandinI kahI gaI hai| AcArya kundakunda ne duHkha kA mUla kAraNa rAgadveSa (tRSNA) ko kahA hai| unake anusAra jisane vastusvarUpa ko jAna liyA hai, aisA jo jJAnI dravyoM meM rAga va dveSa ko nahIM prApta hotA hai, vaha upayoga vizuddha hotA huA dehotpanna duHkha kA kSaya karatA hai|' bauddha darzana ke anusAra paMcendriya aura unake viSaya jo ki priya, manojJa, evaM Anandakara haiM, tRSNA se utpanna hote haiN| sattva inameM Asakta ho inheM hI sukharUpa mAnakara unameM hI Ananda lete haiM, jisase tRSNA bar3hatI hI jAtI hai| tRSNA se upAdAna, bhava, jAti, jarAmaraNa Adi duHkha udbhUta hote haiM / jaina darzana meM zarIra tathA indriyoM kI nimiti ke kAraNa jIva ke dravya aura bhAvakarma haiN| inameM bhAvakarmoM kA mUla kAraNa tRSNA athavA rAga, dveSa aura moha haiN| inameM se rAgadveSa ko duHkha kA kAraNa Upara kundakunda batalA hI cuke haiN| moha ke viSaya meM unakA vicAra hai ki pApArambha ko chor3akara zubha cAritra meM uThA huA bhI jIva yadi mohAdi ko nahIM chor3atA to vaha zuddha AtmA ko nahIM pAtA hai| AtmA kA pariNamana-yadi AtmA svayaM svabhAva se zubha yA azubha nahIM hotA (zubhAzubha bhAva meM pariNamita hI nahIM hotA) to samasta jIvanikAyoM ke saMsAra bhI vidyamAna nahIM hai, aisA siddha hogaa| zaMkA-saMsAra kA abhAva to sAMkhyoM ke lie dUSaNa nahIM, kintu bhUSaNa hI hai| samAdhAna-aisA nahIM hai| saMsAra kA abhAva hI mokSa kahA jAtA hai| vaha mokSa saMsArI jIvoM kA nahIM dikhAI detA hai| yadi saMsArI jIvoM ke bhI mokSa mAno to pratyakSa se virodha ho jaaegaa| zuddhopayoga kA adhikArI--jinhoMne padArthoM aura sUtroM ko bhalI prakAra jAna liyA hai, jo saMyama aura tapayukta haiM, jo vItarAga haiM tathA jinheM sukha duHkha samAna haiM, aise zramaNa zuddhopayogI haiN| zuddhopayogI kI avasthA-jo zuddhopayogI hai, vaha AtmA jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa, antarAya aura moharUpa raja se rahita svayameva hotA huA zeyabhUta padArthoM ke pAra ko prApta hotA hai| isa prakAra vaha AtmA svabhAva ko prApta, sarvajJa aura sarvaloka ke adhipatiyoM se pUjita svayameva huA hone se svayambhU hai| tAtparya yaha ki (1) zuddhopayoga se niSpanna hue AtmAoM kA sukha sAtizaya, Atmotpanna, viSayAtIta, anupama, ananta aura avicchinna hai arthAt anAdi saMsAra se jo pahale kabhI anubhava meM nahIM AyA aisA apUrva parama adbhuta AhlAda rUpa hone se atizaya (2) AtmA kA hI Azraya lekara (svAzrita) pravartamAna hone se Atmotpanna (3) parAzraya se nirapekSa hone se viSayAtIta (4) atyanta vilakSaNa hone se anupama (5) samasta AgAmI kAla meM kabhI bhI nAza ko prApta na hone se ananta aura (6) binA hI antara ke pravartamAna hone se avicchinna sukha zuddhopayoga se niSpanna hue AtmAoM ke hotA hai, isalie vaha sukha sarvathA vAJchanIya hai|" kevalajJAnI avadhaka hai-kevalajJAnI AtmA padArthoM ko jAnatA huA bhI usa rUpa meM pariNamita nahIM hotA, unheM grahaNa nahIM karatA aura una padArthoM ke rUpa meM utpanna nahIM hotaa| isalie use avadhaka kahA gayA hai|" bauddhadarzana meM kahA gayA hai ki vedanA tRSNA kA kAraNa hai, taba arhat ko vedanA hone se use tRSNA hogii| arhata isa prakAra tRSNAvAn khlaaegaa| parantu aisA nahIM kahA jA sakatA; kyoMki tRSNA kA boja pratipakSa vizeSa ke hone se hI uddhRta hotA hai| arhat ko vedanA ke rahane para bhI avidyA bIja ke abhAva meM tRSNA kI utpatti nahIM hotii|12 1. pravacanasAra 12 2. 'katamaM ca bhikkhave duHkhasamudayaM ariyasaccaM? yAyaM taNhA ponobhavikA naMdIrAgasahagatA tavatannAbhinaMdinI // ', dIghanikAya, 1/308 3. 'evaM vididattho jo dabvemu Na rAgamedi dosaM vA / uvogavimuddho so khavedi dehubbhavaM dukkhaM // ', pravacanasAra, 78 4. majjhimanikAya, 1/256-271 5. 'cattA pAbArambha samuTThido vA suhammi cariyamhi / Na jahadi jadi mohAdINalahadi so appagaM suddha' // ', pravacanasAra, 76 6. vahI, 46 7. jayasenAcAryaviracita tAtparyavRtti vyAkhyA, 46 8. pravacanasAra, 14 6. vahI, 15-16 10. vahI, tattvapradIpikA, 13 11. pravacanasAra, 52 12. ayaM vinizcaya, pR0 128-126 18 AcAryaratna zrI dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja abhinandana grantha
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________________ jaina darzana meM bhI arhantAvasthA meM vedanIya karma kA sadbhAva batalAyA gayA hai, kintu moha (tRSNA) karma ke abhAva ke kAraNa vaha vedanIya karma kucha bhI phala dene meM samartha nahIM ho pAtA hai| avidyA athavA mithyAtva ke abhAva ke kAraNa moha nahIM rahatA hai| jahAM taka indriyAM haiM vahAM taka svabhAva se hI duHkha hai-jinheM viSayoM meM rati hai, unheM svAbhAvika duHkha hai| yadi vaha duHkha svabhAva na ho to viSayArtha meM vyApAra na ho|' dhammapada meM bhagavAna buddha ne kahA hai ki jinake citta meM bahuta saMkalpa vikalpa hote haiM aura jisake tIvrarAga hotA hai, vaha sattva zubha hI zubha dekhatA hai, usakI tRSNA bar3hatI hai| vaha apane bandhana aura adhika dRr3ha karatA hai| Age aura bhI kahA gayA hai jo rAga meM rata hai, vaha makar3I ke dvArA apane banAe hue jAle kI taraha pravAha meM phaMse hue haiN| tRSNA rUpI saritA snigdha hotI hai, sattvoM ke citta ko acchI lagatI hai| inake bandhana meM baMdhe sattva Ananda kI khoja karate haiN| bhagavAn sadaiva hI sattvoM ko isa aMkurita hone vAlI tRSNA latA ko prajJArUpI kuThAra se kATane kI preraNA dete haiN| AcArya kundakunda ne zubhopayoga aura azubhopayoga donoM kA eka prakAra se niSedha kiyA hai| ve kahate haiM-upayoga yadi zubha ho to jIva kA puNya tathA azubha ho to pApa saMcaya ko prApta hotA hai| ina donoM ke abhAva meM saMcaya nahIM hotA / AtmA hI sukha duHkha rUpa hotI hai, deha nahIM-sparzanAdika indriyAM jinakA Azraya letI haiM aise iSTa viSayoM ko pAkara (apane zuddha) svabhAva se pariNamana karatA huA AtmA svayaM hI sukharUpa (indriya sukha rUpa) hotA hai, deha sukha rUpa nahIM hotaa|' ekAMta se arthAt niyama se svarga meM bhI zarIra zarIrI (AtmA) ko sukha nahIM detA, parantu viSayoM ke vaza se sukha athavA duHkha rUpa svayaM AtmA hotA hai / yadi prANI kI dRSTi timiranAzaka ho to dIpaka se koI prayojana nahIM hai arthAt dIpaka kucha nahIM kara sktaa| usI prakAra jahAM AtmA svayaM sukharUpa pariNamana karatA hai, vahAM viSaya kyA kara sakate haiM ? indriya sukha duHkha hI hai-jo indriyoM se prApta hotA hai, vaha sukha parasambandhayukta bAdhAsahita, vicchinna, bandha kA kAraNa aura viSama hai, isa prakAra vaha duHkha hI hai| tAtparya yaha ki indriyasukha ko paradravya kI apekSA hotI hai, ataH vaha sapara hai| pAramArthika sukha paradravya se nirapekSa AtmAdhIna hotA hai| tIvra kSudhA, tRSNA Adi aneka bAdhAoM sahita hone ke kAraNa indriyasukha bAdhAsahita hai| nijAtmasukha pUrvokta samasta bAdhAoM se rahita hone ke kAraNa avyAbAgha hai| indriyasukha pratipakSabhUta asAtAvedanIya karma ke udaya se vicchinna hotA hai, isake viparIta atIndriyasukha pratipakSabhUta asAtAvedanIya karma ke abhAva se nirantara hotA hai| dRSTa, zruta aura anubhUta bhogAkAMkSA prabhRti aneka apadhyAna ke vaza se bhAvI naraka duHkhoM ke utpAdaka karma bandha kA utpAdaka hone se indriya sukha bandha kA kAraNa hai, atIndriya sukha samasta bure dhyAnoM se rahita hone ke kAraNa bandha kA kAraNa nahIM hai / indriya sukha meM parama zAnti nahIM rahatI athavA usameM hAnivRddhi hotI rahatI hai, ataH vaha viSama hai| atIndriya sukha paramatRptikara tathA hAni aura vRddhi se rahita hai / isa prakAra indriyoM se labdha saMsAra sukha duHkha rUpa hI hai| AtmajJAna kA upAya----jo arahanta ko dravyapane, guNapane aura paryAyapane se jAnatA hai, vaha AtmA ko jAnatA hai aura usakA moha avazya kSaya ko prApta hotA hai| jisane moha ko dUra kiyA hai aura AtmA ke samyak tattva ko prApta kiyA hai, aisA jIva yadi rAga dveSa ko chor3atA hai to vaha zuddha AtmA ko prApta karatA hai| rAga, dveSa tathA moha kSaya karane yogya kyoM haiM ?-moharUpa, rAgarUpa athavA dveSarUpa pariNamita jIva kA vividha bandha hotA hai, isalie ve sampUrNatayA kSaya karane yogya haiN| sAMkhya darzana meM mAne gae sattvaguNa, rajoguNa tathA tamoguNa prIti, aprIti tathA viSAdAtmaka haiN|" tatvakaumudIkAra ne prIti kA artha sukha, aprIti kA artha duHkha tathA viSAda kA artha moha kiyA hai| ye tInoM jaina darzana meM kahe hue rAga, dveSa aura moha hI haiM / AcArya kundakunda ke anusAra rAga, dveSa aura moha samyagdRSTi ke nahIM haiN| isIlie AsravabhAva ke binA dravya-pratyaya karma 1. pravacanasAra, 64 2. 'ye rAgarattAnupatanti sota sapaMkataM makkaTako va jAlaM // ', dhammapada, 347; 341 va 340 3. pravacanasAra, 156 4. vahI, 65 5. 'egateNa hi deho suhaM Na dehissa kuNadi sagge vaa| visayavaseNa du sokkhaM dukkhaM vA havadi sayamAdA / / ', vahI, 66 6. vahI, 67 7. vahI, 76 8. vahI, tAtparyavRtti, 76 hai. pravacanasAra, tAtparyavatti, 80-81 10. vahI, 84 11. sAMkhyakArikA, 12 12. sAMkhyatatvakaumudIvyAkhyA, kArikA 12 jaina darzana mImAMsA
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________________ bandha ke kAraNa nahIM haiN| tAtparya yaha ki samyagdRSTi meM rAga, dveSa va moha nahIM haiM, kyoMki rAga, dveSa va moha ke abhAva ke binA samyagdRSTi nahIM banA jA sktaa| rAga, dveSa va moha ke abhAva se usa samyagdRSTi ke dravyAsrava pudgala karma ke baMdhane kA kAraNa nahIM bana sakate ; kyoMki dravyAsrava kepudgala karma baMdhane ke kAraNapane kA kAraNapanA rAgAdika hI hai, isalie kAraNa ke kAraNa kA abhAva prasiddha hai, isa kAraNa jJAnI kA bandha nahIM hotaa| uparyukta rAga, dveSa tathA moha sAMkhya ke anusAra prakRti ke dharma haiM tathA jainadarzana meM bhI inakA kAraNa kathaMcit prakRti (dravyakarma) hai| moha ke cihna-padArthoM kA anyathAgrahaNa, tiryaMca-manuSyoM ke prati karuNAbhAva tathA viSayoM kI saMgati yaha saba moha ke cihna haiN|' zUddhAtmAdi padArtha jo ki yathAsvarUpa sthita haiM, unameM viparItAbhiniveza se ayathAgrahaNa anyathAgrahaNa hai| zuddhAtmAkI upalabdhi lakSaNa parama upekSA saMyama se viparIta dayApariNAma karuNAbhAva hai athavA vyavahAra se yahAM karuNA kA abhAva grahaNa kiyA jA sakatA hai| ye saba darzanamoha ke cihna haiN| niviSaya sukhAsvAda se rahita bahirAtmA jIvoM ke manojJa aura amanojJa viSayoM meM jo prakRSTatA se saMsarga hai, use dekhakara prIti aura aprItirUpa ligoM se cAritramoha nAma vAle rAgadveSa jAne jAte haiN| ukta jAnakArI ke anantara hI nivikAra svazuddha bhAvanA se rAga, dveSa tathA moha naSTa karane caahiyeN|' mohakSaya ke upAya--pravacanasAra meM mohakSaya ke nimnalikhita upAya batalAe gae haiM 1. jinazAstra kA adhyayana-jinazAstra dvArA pratyakSAdi pramANoM se padArthoM ko jAnane vAle ke niyama se moha kA samUha kSaya ho jAtA hai, isalie zAstra kA samyak prakAra se adhyayana karanA caahie| tAtparya yaha ki vItarAga sarvajJapraNIta zAstra se koI bhavya eka zAzvata AtmA hI merA hai, ityAdi paramAtmA ke upadezaka zrutajJAna ke dvArA AtmA ko jAnatA hai, tadanantara viziSTa abhyAsa ke vaza paramasamAdhi kAla meM rAgAdi vikalpa se rahita mAnasapratyakSa se usI AtmA kI jAnakArI karatA hai, athavA usI prakAra anumAna se jAnakArI karatA hai| jaise ki 'isI deha meM nizcayanaya se zuddha, buddha, ekasvabhAva vAlA paramAtmA hai, kyoMki nirvikAra svasaMvedana pratyakSa ho rahA hai, jaiseki sukhAdi kA pratyakSa hotA hai| isI prakAra anya padArtha bhI yathAsaMbhava Agama ke abhyAsa ke bala se utpanna pratyakSa athavA anumAna se jAne jAte haiN| ata: mokSArthI bhavya ko Agama kA abhyAsa karanA caahie| jo jinendra ke upadeza ko prApta karake moha rAga-dveSa ko hanatA hai, vaha alpakAla meM samasta duHkhoM se chUTa jAtA hai| 2. sva-para viveka-yadi AtmA apanI nirmohatA cAhatA hai to jinamArga se guNoM ke dvArA dravyoM meM sva aura para ko jAne arthAt jinAgama dvArA aisA viveka karanA cAhie ki ananta dravyoM meM se yaha sva hai aura yaha para hai| nirvANa ko samprApti--pravacanasAra kI Arambhika gAthAoM meM paMcaparameSThI ko namaskAra karake unake vizuddha darzana-jJAna pradhAna Asrava kI prApti ke anantara sAmyabhAva kI prApti batalAI hai tathA sAmyabhAva se mokSa kI prApti pratipAdita kI gaI hai| AcArya jayasena aura amRtacaMdra ne yahAM sammaM kA artha cAritra mAnA hai| amRtacandrAcArya ne usake vItarAga aura sarAga do bheda kie haiM tathA vItarAga cAritra kI prApti mukhya dhyeya batalAI hai| ve kahate haiM ki samyagdarzana sampanna hokara jisameM kaSAya-kaNa vidyamAna hone se jIva ko jo puNyabaMdha kI prApti kA kAraNa hai aise sarAga cAritra ko-vaha (sarAga cAritra) krama se A par3ane para bhI dUra ullaMghana karake jo samasta kaSAya-kleza rUpI kalaMka se bhinna hone se nirvANa prApti kA kAraNa hai, aise vItarAga cAritra ko prApta karatA huuN| isI bAta ko AcArya kundakunda ne isa rUpa meM vaNita kiyA hai ki cAritra dharma hai aura jo dharma hai vaha sAmya hai tathA sAmya moha aura kSobha se rahita AtmA kA pariNAma hai / tAtparya yaha ki dharma, cAritra aura sAmya ye tInoM zabda eka hI artha ko vyakta karate haiN| dravya jisa samaya jisa bhAva se pariNamana karatA hai, usa samaya tanmaya hai| isalie dharmapariNata AtmA ko dharma samajhanA caahie| isa dharma (cAritra athavA sAmyabhAva) se hI nirvANa kI prApti hotI hai| 1. samayasAra, 177 2. vahI, AtmakhyAti TIkA, 10244 3. pravacanasAra, tAtparyavRtti, 85 4. vahI 5. jiNa satthAdo ache paccakkhAdIhi bujjhado NiyamA / khIyadi mohovacayo tamhA satthaM samadhidabvaM / ', pravacanasAra, 86 6. vahI, tAtparyavRtti vyAkhyA, 86 7. pravacanasAra, 10 2. 'kiccA arahantANa..........."satvesi / tesi visuddhadasaNaNANapahANAsamaM samAsejja / uvasaMpayAmi samma jatto NitvANa saMpattI // ', pravacanasAra 4-5 6. vahI, tattvapradIpikA tathA tAtparya vRtti, 4/5 10. pravacanasAra, 7-8 AcAryaratna zrI dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja abhinandana grantha