Pathik 1989 Vol 29 Ank 11

Author(s): K K Shastri and Other
Publisher: Mansingji Barad Smarak Trust
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/535346/1

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va, mAnasa'gajI bAraDa smAraka TrasTa - saMcAlita varSa 29 muM aMka 11 me saM. 2046 sana 1990 ogasTa taMtrI-maMDaLa : che. kekA. zAstrI che. nA. ke. bhaTTI che. sau. bhAratI bahena zelata [ itihAsa-purAtattvanuM eka mAtra gujarAtI mAsika ] Adya taMtrI : sva. mAnasaMgajI bAraDa "sva" nuM saMzodhana pRthvInI utpatti thaI tyArathI mAnavInI AdhyAtmika kheja zarU thaI che je hajI paNa cAlu rahI che ane raheze. brahmAMDanuM svarUpa ane enA kartAne paricaya pAma e bahu kaThina sAdhanA che, paNa e sahelI che, kAraNa ke je piDe che te brahmAMDe che tethI sva'ne kAje paNa kare-vicAre. sva ane parano bheda tyajI daI jagata sAthe ekarUpa thavAno prayAsa kare e adhyAtmasAdhanA che. alabatta, sva" nI oLakha mATe ja manuSyane sahuthI vizeSa samaya lAge che. sAdhanA aMtara ane bAhya be rIte karavAnI hoya che. vijJAnanI madadathI bAhya sRSTinAM aMtaraMga pAmI zakAya. paNa mAnavInI aMdaranI jANakArI, jevI ke mana buddhi AtmA indri vagerenI pUrI samaja eTalI saraLa nathI. Aje vijJAna badhI rIte AgaLa vadhyuM chevA chatAM mAnavI mAnavI tarIke apUNa rahyo che enuM kAraNa "sva" nA saMzodhananI UNapa che. -vinekhA For Private and Personal Use Only

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ogasTa 90 Reg. No GAMC-19 [ paMDI 2 thI cAlu) kharuM ja kahyuM che ke udAtta karuNA pitAnA ane parAyAnA bannenA jIvanamAM camatkAra sarje che. che. jJAnalaka, ple-34, 19, - (.) govardhana zama, gAMdhInagara-382018 che. bhAvanA mahetA saMdarbha : 1. jagadIzasiMha gahelota ? mAravADakA ItihAsa 2. badarIprasAda sa kariyA : muhanA nasarI khyAta - 3, rAmanArAyaNa dUgaDa : bAkIdAsa~thAvalI [anusaMdhAna 5, 8 thI] "sajIva vyaktigata patra vAMcavAno je AnaMda nathI letuM tenA mATe AvA patra vAMcavAthI emane utsAha nathI thatuM ? paraMtu e tamane vadhu vAMcavA game tevA patra lakhavA utsAhita karaze. 12 AcArya kirIdAsa vAjapeyIe paNa mahAna vibhUtionA patranuM mahattava vyakta karatAM yogya ja lakhyuM che : "ati duraha vistRta jIvana je pra meM hai nahI samAtA, vahI kisIke eka patra meM kA tyAM parA baMdha jAtA" 13 Ama mahApuruSanA patre e emanA caritranAM cArutama citra che, mAnasa-maherAmaNanAM mogherAM motI che. che. pratidIpara, 1, siddhArtha nAmenTsa, satyasAMI skUla pAse, jAmanagara-361008 saMdarbha saMketa 1 purovacana ane vivecana, gurjara (amadAvAda), pra. A 19pa, pR. 231 2. kepTansa pikcarika enasAIkalopIDiyA eNnDa phekaTa-inDekasa, ve, 8 3. naMdakizora tivArI (saMpA.), cAMda patravizeSAMka, 1928, saMpA. lekha, pR. 3. 4. A patranA vistRta vivaraNa mATe juo : patralekhanakalA, 5. banArasIdAsa caturvedI, pra, A. pR.12, 5. A patra aMge vadhu mAhitI mATe juo : navabhArata TAimsa mubai, pR. 1, 6. TI. ena. jagadIzana, leTa. opha zrInivAsa zAstrI, 29 me, 1976, eziyA pabliziMga hAusa, muMbaI, 1 lI AvRtti, 1944, prastAvanA, pR. 7 7 banArasIdAsa caturvedI (saMpA.), svargIya vAsudevazaraNa agravAlake patra (lekha), samelana patrikA, bhAga 2, pR. 30 8. juo : bApuke patra-kumArI premAbahena kaMTaka nAma, navajIvana presa, amadAvAda, pR. 12, 8. juo bApuke patra-bajAja parivAra ke nAma, sastA sAhitya maMDala, dilmI, saMpA., pR. 8. 10. mahendra meghANI (saMpA.), si snehAdhIna meghANI, pra. A. 1948, pR. 75 11. ci. caMdanane, verA eNnDa kapanI, muMbaI, 2 A., 1958, pR 14 12. juo pAdaTIpa 2. 13 sAhityika patra, himAlaya ejansI, kanakhala, pra. A , 1958, prastAvanA, pR 1 mudrA prakAzaka ane tatrI : pathika kAryAlaya' mATe che. kezavarAma kA. zAstrI, ke, madhuvana, elisabrija, amadAvAda-380 006 tA. 15-8-1990 mudraNasmAna : preraNuM mudraNAlaya, rustamaalIne DhALa, mirajApura, amadAvAda-380 001 pa : InTaranezanala prinTiga vasa, zAhapura, mALIvADAnI poLa sAme, amadAvAda-380 001. For Private and Personal Use Only

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dasame zAligrAma bhAratanI janatA maLanI anivAryatA mAnatI-svIkAratI AvI che, janma-janmAMtaranAM karma phaLa ane sassAra pramANe vyakti vartamAna avasthAne pAme che, eka vyaktie pAtAnAM karmonAM kuLa bhagavavAM ja paDe che, A mAnyatAM ghaNI rUDha thaI gaI che. ApaNA AcAravicAra paNa enAthI prabhAvita thatA rahyA che. vaLI enA kAraNe ja ApaNA jIvanamAM ghaNAM niSedhAtmaka tattvo paNa ghUsI gayAM che; jemake ApaNe mAnIe chIe ke kADha jevA roga pUrva-janmanA zvapanuM pariNAma che, bezaka A rega ghaNA jugupsAjanaka che. A rAga bAbata bhayaMkara AtaM| ane ghaNA bhrama phelAyelA che. ApaNe phrADhInA paDachAyAthI paNa dUra bhAgIe chIe, paraparA ane leAka-krayAo dvArA jANavA maLe che ke keADhIne enA kuTu'banA sabhya. paNa tyAgI detA hoya che. evA ja eka kADhI hatA. nAma hatuM pIThavA. e cAraNa hatA. parivArathI tyakta, gAmathI niSkAsita 'mArA pUrvajanmanAM pApAne kAraNe huM mahA regI thaye chuM' evu' mAnI pIDhA rAgane maTADavA aneka prakAranA upAya ane upacAra karavA lAgyA, tIthaeNrthAMmAM bhaTakatA pharyA, vibhinna nadIomAM snAna karatA raho, anekAneka anuSThAna karAvatA rahyo, judA judA devA ane pIronI mAnatA mAnatA rahyo, chatAM paNu aMte rAgathI mukti maLI nahiM, badhA ja upAya niraH- nAkAmayAba rahyA ! eka divasa pAThave! rAvaLa mallinAthajInA nAnA bhAI jaitamAlane maLavA emane ghera jaI paheluMcyA. cAraNane potAnA ghera AvelA joI jaitamAla ene bheTavA hAtha phelAvI AgaLa vadhyA. pIdhe stabdha thaI ekadama pAchaLa khasavA lAgyA ane methI UMco : huM mahArAgI chu. badhAM mArAthI dUra dUra bhAge che. ghara ane gAmanAM le mane pArakA gaNe che AvA regI zarIre huM Apane dhruvI rIte bherI zakuM' ?" Ama khelatAM cAraNe nisAsA nAkhyA. pIThavA cAraNanI vyathAnI tIvratA ane yathArthatAnI vibhISikAe jaitamAlanA hRdayamAM apAra anukaMpA jagAvI. e vicAravA lAgyA : pIThavAne Avela rAtra thayA, paNa emAM ene zA doSa ? keTaluM sahana karavu. pa che. A khicarA cAraNane ! are, e pazu eka mAsa che, samAnanI adhikArI che, peAtAnI pIDA te ene petAne ekAMtika rUpathI bhAgavavI ja paDe che. zuM ApaNe ene ceADI sahAnubhUti pazu na ApI zakIe ? huM. enI pIDA ochI karI zaku ema te nathI, teA hu enI upekSA karI enI vedanAmAM vadhAro tA nahi ja karuM !'jaitamAla hasatA hasatA pIThavAne bheTavA AgaLa vadhyA ane melyA : "jo dharmamAM mArI dRDha zraddhA haze te mAruM kAMI bagaDaze nahi, mane kaI thaze nahi, tuM mArA bhAI jevA che. jo bhAI bhAIne na bheTa tA ne bheTa ?" eTaluM kahI jetamAla tabhita cAraNane premapUrvaka bheTI paDathA. kahevAya che ke jetamAlajInA beTavAthI cAraNanA 38 alepa thaI gaye| pIThavA cAraNe jaitamAlane dasamA zAligrAma' kahI samAnyA ane gad-gada svare emanI khiradAvali gAI : "dasame zAligrAma saMdaivata, dinaSNui pIDhava virada diye." A daMtakathAne kavirAja khAMkIdAsanI racanA supaha-chatIsI'mAM paNa vAcA maLI che : pAvana hue na pIThavA, nhAya triveNInI / heka jaita miLiyAM dhruvI, se| nikaLaka zarIra / / " (triveNIjaLamAM snAna karavA chatAM je pIThavA pavitra thaye nahi te eka jaitamAlanA beTavAthI niSkula pha zarIravALA thaI gaye!) [anusaMdhAna pA. 4 pUrkImAM For Private and Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra Re ane pathika' pratyeka agrejI mahi nAnI 15 mI tArIkhe prasiddha thAya che, pachInA 15 divasamAM aMka namaLe te sthAnika posTa oNphisamAM likhita phariyAda karavI ane enI nakala atre mekalavI. . pathika' sarvAMpacegI vicArabhAvanA ane jJAnanuM mAsika che. jIvanane UdhvagAmI anAvA abhyAsapUrNa ane ziSTa sAhityika lakhANAne svIkAravAmAM Ave che, prasiddha thaI gayelI kRtine krurI prasiddha karavA mATe na mAkalavAnI lekhakoe kALajI rAkhavI. . kRti sArA akSare zAhIthI ane kAgaLanI eka ja bAjue lakhelI hAvI joie, kRtimAM kaI anya bhASAnAM avataraNuM mUkayAM hoya aaa anA gujarAtI tarajUmA ApavA jarUrI che. 0 kRtamAMtA vicAronI javAbadArI lekhakanI raheze. . 'pathika' nuM prasiddha thatI kRti-" AnA vicAra-AbhaprAyA sAthe . taMtrI sahamata che ema na samajhavuM, che asvIkR kRti pAchI meLavavA jarUrI TikiTA AvI haze tA tarata parta karAze, 0 namUnAnA aMkanI nakala mATe 3-50 nI TikiTa meokalavI. ma.e. DrAphTa patrA lekhe pathika kAryAlaya, madhuvana, elisa brija amadAvAda-380006 pathika www.kobatirth.org Adya taMtrI : sva. mAnasa`gajI bhArata taMtrI-ma`DaLa( ) vArSika lavAjama : dezamAM rU.30/pro.ke. kA. zAsrI ( ) videzamAM rU. 111/-,chUTaka rU* 4/ 2 DaoN. nAgadabhAI bhaTTI, 3. DaoN. bhAratIbahena rolata varSa 29 mu] zrAvaNu, saM. 2046 gaDha, sana 1990 [aMka 11 dasame zAligrAma ApaNAM rASTriya pratIka mahApuruSanA patronuM mahattva 'dra'ga' ane krAMgika' Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir anukrama jUnAgaDhanA khAkhI na.e.nI dharmo-SNuitAnI nIti ahamadazAha 3 jo Arthika vikAsanuM khAdhaka paribaLa kacchanAM rudrANI trAtA rASTranA svAtaMtryasaMgrAma eka gorAMgA kinA kahevAtA DA, gAvata zarmA mu.pR. 2 zrI dIpaka jagatApa 3 Do. kamala pU`jANI zrI hasamukha vyAsa huM prA. e, ema. kIkANI 10 zrI, zaMbhuprasAda hai. desAI 15 Do. mahezacaMdra paDayA 17 zrI. manasukha svAmI 22 brA, dAsiMha vAghelA 24 zrI.epha. i. pArji kara 29 Ak(?)tu mUlya sthAna(guja,anuvAda) vinati vArSika grAhakoe potAnuM ke peAtAnI saMsthA kAleja yA zALAnuM lavAjama rU. 30/- jI na mAkahyu hAya tA satvara ma.e.vI mokalI ApavA hArdika vinaMti. saranAmAmAM gALa vastu temAM pahelA eka karyA mAsI kAhu thayAnuM kahe che. e mAsa pahelAM lavAjama maLatu asI che. agAunAM lavAjama eka ke ekathI vadhu varSonAM bAkI che teo pazu saveLA mokalI ApavA kRpA karyuM. eka hAthamAM Ave e gALAmAM lavAjama nakalo ApanAre AvA tulane dhyAnamAM na levA vinaMti. 'pathika'nA AzrayadAtA rU. 1001/-thI ane AjIvana sahAyaka rU. 303/-tho thAya che. bheTa tarIke pazu rakama svIkAravAmAM Ave che. sva. zrI. mAnasaMgajIbhAInA aMte 'pathika'nA cAhakone 'pathika kAryAlaya'nA nAmanA ma.e. ke DrAphaTathI mokalI ApavA vinati, A chellI be prakAranI tema rU. 50 thI laI AvatI vadhu bheTanI rakama anAmata ja rahe che ane enu` mAtra vyAja ja vaparAya che. Aga8/1990 For Private and Personal Use Only

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itihAsa eka arachA zikSaka, mArgadarzaka che. atItanI eka AkhI peDhI jIvananI pAyAnI traNa bAbatone AdhAre bharyuM bharyuM jIvI gaI. 1. bhUtakALanuM gaurava 2. vartamAnanI pIDA 3. bhaviSyanuM svapna sAMpratamAM jIvatA ApaNA sau upara AvanArI peDhInI anAmata javAbadArI che. ApaNe itihAsa pAsethI mana-buddhi-nI AMkha khulI rAkhI kaMI bhaNuM zakIe ? - - - - - - kAna khullA rAkhI ItihAsa pAsethI mArgadarzana meLavI zakIe ? jIvI zakIe ? A dizAnA prayatna karIe te AvanAro samaya ujavaLa che. saujanyaH ekasela inDasTrIjha, li, dara rUvAparI roDa, bhAvanagara-364001 phona: 25:22-23-24 EXCEL oNgasTa/1990 pazi For Private and Personal Use Only

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ApaNAM rASTriya pratIka rASTranAM gaurava ane zAna samAM zrI dIpaka jagatApa 15 mI ogasTa, 1947nI madharAte hiMda bhArata tarIke gulAmInI jaMjIrAmAMthI mukta thayuM te divase svataMtra bhAratanI prajAe muktine pahele zvAsa lIdho. rASTriya AjhAdInI laDatamAMthI jene prAdurbhAva thayo tevA ApaNAM traNa rASTriya pratIko (1) rASTradhvaja, (2) rASTragIta ane (3) rASTriya mudrAne svIkAravAmAM AvyAM. ApaNo rASTradhvaja : 22 mI julAI, 1947 nA roja ApaNA triraMgI rASTradhvajano savIkAra thayo e pahelAM 1906 thI 1931 daramyAna judA judA prakAranA parivartita thayelA rASTra vajone ItihAsa paNa jANavA jevo che. - I.sa. 1906 mAM ApaNe rASTradhvaja triraMge hato, paraMtu emAM kesarI paTTAmAM 8 tArA ane madhane sapheda paTTAmAM 'vaMdemAtaramanuM lakhANa tathA cheka nIcenA padAmAM jamaNI bAjune caMdra tathA DAbI bAjune sUryathI aMkti karatA triraMgA bhAratIya rASTradhvaja tarIke iMglenDa ane phrAnsamAM vasatA bhAratIyoe sucavyA hatA, paraMtu eno svIkAra thaye nahi, e pachI 1916 mAM hemarUla lIganI caLavaLa daramyAna lAla ane lIlA raMgane dviraMgI davaja amalamAM AvyuM, jemAM lAla raMganA pAMca ane lIlA raMganA cAra para hatA. emAM rIMchanuM cina ane uparanI DAbI bAjue yuniyana jekanuM pratIka hatuM. e pachI 1921 mAM akhila hiMda ke gresa samitinuM adhivezana vijayavADA mukAme maLyuM tyAre gAMdhIjIe sapheda lIlA ane lAla raMganA paTTAvALA triraMgI navA vajanuM sUcana kareluM, jenI madhyamAM reTiyAnuM nizAna hatuM, paraMtu kaMgrese ene svIkAra karyo nahotA I.sa. 1931 mAM gesanI karAMcImAM maLela kAryakArI samitie kesarI raMga upara DAbI bAjue reTiyAnA nizAnavALA navA vajanuM sUcana kareluM, paraMtu ene paNa svIkAra thayelo nahi, chevaTe garaTamAM kesarI sapheda ane lIlA raMganA traNa paTTAvALo 3/2 nA pramANane laMbAI paheLAInA pheraphAra sAthe taiyAra karavAmAM Avyo. muMbaI khAte maLela akhila bhAratIya kogresa samitie A davajane kAyadesara rIte svIkAra karyo. 1937 nI 26 mI eprilane divasa rASTriya vajadina' tarIke UjavAyo hato ane chelle paM. naherue 1947nI 22 mI julAIthI madhyamAM reTiyAne badale azakacakranA nizAnavALo na davaja sUcavyA, jene baMdhAraNasabhAe bahAlI ApI. vizvanA badhA svataMtra dezane pitAne rASTradhvaja heya che. bhAratane paNa triraMge rASTradhvaja che. rASTradhvaja kyAM kyAM phakate jovA maLe che ke rASTradhvaja dezanAM badhAM sarakArI makAne, jevAM ke vaDI adAlata, sacivAlaya, kamiznara ane kalekaTaranI kacerIe para temaja dezanI bahAra bhAratIya elacI-kacerIe para pharaka jovA maLe che. svAtaMtrayadina tathA gaNataMtradinanI ujavaNI prasaMge rAvaja pharakAvavAmAM Ave che. rASTradhvaja pharakAvavAnA niyama: 1) rASTrapaja pharake tyAre kesarI raMga ja upara hovo joIe. 2) anya koI vaja rASTradhvajanI jamaNI bAjue ke enAthI vadhu UMcAIe pharakAvI zakAya nahi. pathika gara/1990 For Private and Personal Use Only

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vaLI, anya je eka ja hAramAM je pharakAvavAnA hoya te badhA ja devaja rASTradhvajanI DAbI bAjue ja rAkhavA joIe, ka relI ke pa vakhate rAjhada ja kaca karanAranI jamaNI bAjue rahe ema rAkha joIe. 4) sAMje sUryAsta samaye rASTavaja utArI levuM joIe, para rASTradhvajano upayoga vepAra dhaMdhA ke vyavasAyanA hetu mATe kyAreya karI zakAto nathI temaja meTaragADI ke anya vAhana para paNa rASTradhvaja pharakAvI zakAtA nathI. Ama, uparyukta niyamanuM pAlana na thAya to e rASTradhvajanuM apamAna che. rASTradhvajanAM gaurava ane zAna jALavavA e bhArata dezanA pratyeka nAgarikanI pavitra pharaja che. rASTradhvaja kevo he joIe : ApaNe rASTradhvaja laMbacorasa AkArano traNa raMganA paTTAmAM vaheMcAyeluM che. enI laMbAI pahoLAIne guNottara kara ne hovo joIe. dA.ta. vrajanI laMbAI 12 se.mI hoya te pahelA I 8 se.mI.nI hovI joIe. sauthI uparano raMga kesarI, vacce sapheda ane nIce lIlA raMgane paTTo hoya che. khAsa prakAranA A traNeya raMganuM aitihAsika mahatva paNa che: 1. kesarI raMga zauryuM ane tyAganuM pratIka che, je AjhAdInI laDatamAM dezane mATe balidAna ApanAra virenAM dezabhakita ane ravApaNanuM satata smaraNa karAve che. vaccene sapheda raMga satya ane pavitratA, zAMti ane sAdagInuM pratIka che. emAM vacce azokacakra hoya che, vANI ane karma mAM saccAI ane vicAramAM pavitratAnuM sUcana sapheda raMga pratibiMbita kare che, jyAre lIlo raMga hari. yALI ane AbAdInuM pratIka che. ApaNe deza khetIpradhAna che. phaLadrupa jamInamAM vadhu pAka levA ApaNe sakhata parizrama karavuM paDaze. garIbI sAme laDavAne ane AbAdI prApta karavA mATe lIlo raMga kharekhara vizvAsanuM pratIka che. sapheda raMganA paTTAnI vacce gherA vAdaLI raMganuM eka cakra heya che. A cakra mUkavA pAchaLanuM cekasa prayojana che. ema kahevAya che ke vArANasI najIka AvelA sAranAtha mukAme bhagavAna buddha sau-prathama upadeza Apelo enI yAdamAM trATa azoke taMbha baMdhAvyo hato, samrATa azokanA staMbha" tarIke oLakhAya che. rASTradhvajanuM A cakra azakanA staMbhamAMthI lIdheluM che. cakra vyAsa sapheda paTTAnI pahoLAi jeTalo ja ya che. cakramAM kula 24 ArA che. eka gati ane pragatinuM sucaka che. rASTradhvajanuM A cakra satya ane dharmanA AcaraNa dvArA le kAne AgaLa vadhavAnI preraNA Ape che. - A vaja 1947 nI oNgasTe paMDita javAharalAla naherUe savAre 8-30 kalAke lAla kilA parathI aDhI lAkha mAnavamedanI vacce pharakAvyuM tyAre vizALa janamedanIne saMbodhatAM naherue je zabda ucAryA hatA te atre TAMkaLyA che. naherue kahyuM : "tame sau hajArenI saMkhyAmAM A ja jane mAna ApavA mATe upasthita thayAM che, paraMtu vizvabharamAMthI lAkhe nI mITa enA para maMDAyelI che. dilhI ane bhAratanAM tamAma gAmaDAM ane zahera mATe gaI kAlathI ja eka nava yuga zarU thayA che. eTale ra7 varSathI A jajanI heThaLa ApaNe je rIte jhajhUmyA, zahIda thayA e vAta tame jANo cho. Aje tamAro ke mArI vijaye nahi, paraMtu samagra dezane A vijaya che. ApaNe AjhAdI aziyA khaMDanA anya dezanI AjhAdI mATe rAha cIdhe che. kharekhara Ajane divasa mAtra ApaNA mATe ja nahi. paraMtu samagra vizva mATe AnaMdane parvadivasa banI rahe che. tame sau pratijJA karI ke ApaNe so sAthe rahIzuM, je nI AbAdI ane dezanI AjhAdInI vRddhi mATe sakhata parizrama karIzuM." have ApaNe rASTragIta vizenI mAhitI jANIe. oNgasTa 1990 pathika - For Private and Personal Use Only

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ApaNuM rASTragIta : ApaNA rASTra mATe be gIte rASTrigIta tarIke svIkAravAmAM Ave che ? (1). kavivara ravIndranAtha TAgoranI racanA "janagaNamana.." ane (2) baMkimacaMdra caTTopAdhyAyaracita "vaMdemAtarama ." A baMne svAtaMtryadina nI ujavaNI prasaMge rASTragIta tarIke gavAya che. rASTragIta e paNa rASTradhvajanI mAphaka ekatAnuM pratIka che. 'janagaNa-mana'nA racayitA baMgALI kavi ravIMdranAtha TAgera che ke jemanI mahattama sAhityakRti "gItAMjali" mATe emane nebela pAritoSika enAyata thayuM. e TAgora mAtra kavi ja na hatA, bake eka mahAna dezabhakta paNa hatA. ApaNuM rASTragIta kyArathI amalamAM AvyuM e paNa jANavA jevuM che. baMdhAraNIya kArobArIe kayuM rASTragIta pasaMda karavuM enI carcA-vicAraNA bAda 1950nI 24 mI jAnyuArInA roja A gItanI pasaMdagI thaI. kharekhara te kavivara TAgoranuM mULa kAvya khUba lAMbuM che. e kAvyamAM kula pAMca kaDI che, pratyeka kaDImAM cha cha caraNa eTale ke kula ke caraNenuM kAvya che, paraMtu ApaNA svIkArelA rASTragItamAM te mAtra prathama kaDI ja sthAna ApavAmAM Avela che. rASTragItanI prathama kaDI A pramANe che: janagaNa-mana-adhinAyaka jaya he, bhArata-bhAgyavadhAtA, paMjAba siMdha gujarAta mAThA drAviDa utkala baMgA, vizva himAcala yamunA gaMgA ucchala jalavitaraMgA, tava zubha nAme jAge, tava zubha AziSa mAge, gAe tava jayagAthA, janagaNa-mana-adhinAyaka jaya he, bhArata bhAgyavidhAtA, jya he, jya he, jaya he, jaya jaya jaya he." 27 mI Disembara, 1911 nA roja kalakattA mukAme maLela hiMdI rASTriya mahAsabhAnA adhivezana prasaMge A rASTragIta sau-prathama vAra gavAyeluM. A rASTragIta ApaNI mAtRbhUminI prazaMsAnuM gIta che. e sahiSNutA ane rASTriya ekatAne saMdeza pAThave che. rASTragIta kayAre ane kaI rIte gavAya enA paNa cokkasa niyama hoya che, jenuM pAlana karavAnI pratyeka nAgarikanI pavitra pharaja che: (1) 'vajavaMdana ane rASTragIta ekI sAthe ja thAya, davajavaMdana rASTragItanA gAna sAthe thAya che. (2) jyAre rASTragIta gavAtuM hoya ke enI dhUta cAlatI heya tyAre dareka jaNe sAvadhAnanI sthitimAM ja UbhA rahevuM joIe. (3) rASTragItanA dareka zabdano artha jANavo joIe tathA sAcI Dhabe gAtAM zIkhavuM joIe. beTa uccAre ane kaDhaMgI rIte rASTragIta gAvuM e rASTragItanuM apamAna che. (4) koI paNa jagyAe rASTragIta gavAtuM hoya ke enI dhUma cAlatI che. tyAre tyAM hAjara rahI, sAvadhAnanI rithatimAM UbhA rahI, rASTragIta pUruM thAya tyAM sudhI rASTragIne gaI rASTragItanuM gaurava jALavavuM joIe. (5) samUhamAM gAna kare tyAre rASTragIta vAdI are re utsAhathI gAvuM joIe. ApaNI rASTriya mudrA : ApanA caraNa sikkA ke rUpiyAnI neTa upara, sarakArI badhAM pustako ane kAgaLamAM enI chApa avazya jovA maLaze. A ciThTha? jApa zrI sarakArano prANa che. sAranAthane samrATa azokanA siMhastaMbhanA zIrSabhAgane rASTriya-mudrA tarIke svIkAravAmAM Avela che. rASTriya mudrAmAM traNa siMhAkRti jovA maLe che. jarA nI nIce jaze te cakranI DAbI ane jamaNI bAjue be prANIonI bAkRti dekhAze. jANe che e be prANIo kayAM che e ? cakranI DAbI [ anu. pAnA 6 nIce ] pathika ogasTa/190 For Private and Personal Use Only

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mahAna puruSanA patronuM mahattva [ jJAna ane manoraMjananI dRSTie ]. De, kamala pUjANI sAmAnya rIte patrone ApaNe vyakitagata vastu" mAnIe chIe, paraMtu mahAna vyaktionA patro e arthamAM vyaktigata nathI hotA ke je artha mAM sAmAnya vyaktionA paDyo hoya che. eTalA ja mATe e patre kAlAntaramAM prakAzita thAya che ane prakAzana uparAMta e "sAhityanA sthAyI nidhi banI jAya che. vyaktivizeSane saMbodhIne lakhAyelA hovA chatAM mahApuruSanA patrone ApaNe "sAhitya kema mAnIe chIe, e vize zrI rasikalAla parIkha samajAve che ke : "..patro e vAtacIta, haLavuM maLavuM AdinI jema jIvanavyavahArano ja eka bhAga che. ApaNe e sAhitya jevA lAge che, ApaNe ene sAhityamAM sthAna ApIe chIe enuM kAraNa enA lakhanAranI saMskAritA che. keTalAkanI khelavAnI rIta eTalI badhI suMdara hoya che ke e bele tyAre ApaNane ema lAge che ke "pavitrayati vAlma" = = = = = [anu. pA. 5 thI] bAjue gheDAnI AkRti che, jyAre jamaNI bAjue baLadanI AkRti che. tamane thaze ke A be ja prANI zA mATe levAmAM AvyA haze ? sAcA arthamAM rASTriya mudrA e eka pratIka che. siMha e sattA ane zaktinuM pratIka che, jyAre ghaDe UjA ane gati temaja baLada sakhata parizrama ane daDhavA sUve che. mahAna samrATa azokanuM laDAImAM hRdayaparivartana thayuM tyAre eNe ahiMsA zAMti ane baMdhutvano pATha Ape. samrATa azokanA siMhastaMbhane svIkAra Aje paNa zAMti ane mAtRbhAva mATe vizvAsa ane zraddhA darzAve che. cakratI nIce devanAgarI lipimAM "satyameva jJAre sUtra katareluM jovA maLe che. A sUtrane artha "satyane sadA jaya thAya che" evo thAya che. traNa bhAgamAM lakhAyeluM ane be khaMDamAM vaheMcAyeluM muMDaka upaniSadamAMthI A sutra levAmAM AveluM che. Akhare satyanI rAha ja dezane pragati ane AbAdInA mArge laI jaze. A badhA guNa dezanI prajAe keLavavA joIe. A sadaguNe ja kalyANakArI vizvanuM nirmANa karaze. paraMtu duHkhanI vAta to e che ke ApaNAM rASTriya mUlyanuM avamUlyana thatuM jovA maLe che. pahelAM sinemAgharomAM aMtamAM rASTragIta gavAtuM hatuM te Aje kheda sAthe baMdha karavuM paDayuM che, je batAve che ke rASTranA nAgarikomAM rASTriya mUlyane abhAva che. Aje paNa svAtaMyadinanI ujavaNI mAtra aupacArikatA ja banI gaI che. ApaNAM rASTriya mUlyo jANe dhevAI jatAM hoya ema lAge che. rASTragIta yogya rIte gavAtuM nathI. utsAha ane hAjarI jhAjhAM jovA maLatAM nathI. are, 21 mI sadImAM javAnI vAta te karIe chIe, paraMtu Aje paNa hajI ghaNAne rASTriya pratIko aMgenuM pUratuM jJAna nathI. jo Ama thaze te rASTranAM nIti tathA mUlya ghavAze. e mATe ApaNe saue kaTibaddha thavAnI jarUra che. ApaNe sau pratijJA laIe ke koI paNa bhoge ame rASTriya mUlyonuM jatana karIzuM, enAM gaurava ane jJAnane kayAreya khaMDita nahi thavA daIzuM. astu, The. sI-3, phoresTa kolonI, vaDiyA paeNlesa, rAjapIpaLA-393145 ogasTa/1990 pathika For Private and Personal Use Only

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Ama, jyAre koI viziSTa vyaktinA patre enA vyaktitvanI garimAne lIdhe samarata samAjane prenti ane prabhAvita kare tyAre e atyaMta mahattvapUrNa ane sAhityanI amUlya sauMpatti banI jAya che. kaeNpTananA sacitra vizvakozamAM A tryane lipibaddha karatAM kahevAmAM AvyuM che : lekhakonAM AkarSaNa ane vyaktine eTalAM badhAM vyakta karyAM hoya tarIke gaNavAmAM AvyAM haiAya che.'2 keTalAka patrAe emenA che ke ene jagatsAhityanA bhAga mahAna sAhityakAronA patra emanA graMtha karatAM pazu vizeSa mahattvapUryuM hoya che, kAraNa ke e patrAmAM bhAvanAonAM spaMdana vizeSa jovA maLe che. gurudeva ravIndranAtha TAgaranA hRdhdhe dUgAranI sahaja abhivyakti je rIte 'chinna patrAvalI'mAM jovA maLe che tevI abhivyakti ApaNane emanI prasiddha navalakathA gA'mAM dekhAtI nathI. pazcimanA dezomAM, prAcInakAlathI ja, sAhityakAro ane sAhityetara kSetrenI vibhUtienA patrAne khU" ja mahattva apAtuM rahyuM che. ka sAhityamAM vaktA ane alakArazAstranuM zikSaNa patrA dvArA ja ApavAmAM AvatuM. Aje paNa pleTA, isAkreTsa, eNrisToTala vagere dArzanikonA patro zrIka sAhityanI bahumUlya sattarUpe surakSita che aMgrejImAM pracura patrasAhitya upalabdha che. ala cesTaphIDa dvArA enA putrane lakhAyelA patro jJAna ane manera MjananI daSTae atyaMta mahattvapUrNa manAya che. e ja rIte viliyama kUparanA patro paNa rkAvatA jeTalA ja AnadAyaka tathA utpreraka che. mAsa ane enjasa vacce thayelA patravyavahAra ApaNI samakSa eka ateAkhI maitrItA sAda upasthita kare che, kavIndra ravIndra tathA dInabaMdhu enDrunja vaccenA patravyavahAra pazu utkRSTa maitrInI ApaNate jhAMkhI karAve che. gurudeva TAgoranA dInabaMdhu para lakhAyelA patro leTasa Tu e phrenDa' e mathALA heThaLa prakAzita thayA che. A patrasagrahanA lagabhaga badhI ja bhAratIya bhASAomAM anuvAda paNa thayA che. Tu khI Dana ?' pustaka vAMcI vizvaprasiddha raziyana sAhityakAra liye TesTeye i.sa. 1887 mAM enA patranA uttaramAM 38 pAnAMnA je AtmIyatApUrNa patra pAThavyA vicAradhArAthAM krAMtikArI patina AvyuM hatuM. TaoNlsTaoNyanu "OM Ta Ijha navayuvaka rolAMnA manamAM praznonA je jhaMjhAvAta jAgyA hatA te tarata ja patrapaThanathA zamI gayo hata ane ene apUrva sphUrtinI anubhUti thaI hatI. TUMkamAM, TolsToyano e patra rAmAM relAMnI sAhityasAdhanA mATe kuvatAraka samAna banI gayA hatA,ja oN.sTAyanA tArIkha 7-9-1910 nA roja mahAtmA gAMdhI para lakhAyele patra paNa sAMskRtika dRSTie khUba ja mahattvatA gAya che. A patrane vidvAnA ane vivecaka 'ahi sApara vistRta bhASya' mAne che.pa A patrana potAnI pAse rAkhavA mATe laDananA eka vepArIe i.sa. 1976 mAM eka saMsthAne 2800 pAunDa cUkavyA hatA. mAnanIya zrInivAsa zAstrInuM nAma bhAratanA zreSTha patralekhaka' tarIke jANItu che, ematA pagonu sa'pAdana zrI TI.ena. jagadIzane karyuM che, 'leTarsa eNk zrInivAsa zAstrI nAme prasiddha thayelA e saMgrahanI prastAvanAmAM sapAdake zrI zAstrIjIno patralekhana lAnA paricaya. A rIte ApyA cheH "zrI zAstra pagalekhananI kalAnA svAma che, emanA mitro jANe che ke emanI kalamamAMthI thaiDI lITIo dharAvatu DhapAlanuM pattu pazu sau ane AnaMdanI sAtana vastu che. '6 augasTa/1990 pathika For Private and Personal Use Only phrAMsIsI yuvaka AmAM lAMte hatA te vAMcI rAmAM rAlAnI 19

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hindImAM aneka mahAna vibhUtiekanA patro puskatarUpe prakAzita thaI cUkyA che, jemAM maha dayAnaMda sarasvatI, mAcA mahAvIraprasAda dvivedI, paDita padmasiMha zarmA, banArasIdAsa caturvedI, kavivara nirAlA, sumitrAnaMdana paMta, DaeN. vAsudevazaraN agravAla, DaoN. hariva zarAya baccana, mahAtmA gAMdhI, AcArya vinobA bhAve vagere mahApuruSonA patro vizeSa ullekhanoya che, zrI rAmalAla kapUra TrasTa, amRtasara taraphathI RSi dayAnaMda sarasvatI ke patra aura vijJAna' zIrSaka heThaLa cAra khaMDamAM prakAzita thayelA mahiSanA patro bhAratIya navajAgaraNakAlanA mUlyavAna dastAveja manAya che. 5. padmasaMha zarmA tathA OM. vAsudevazaraNa agravAla 'patralekhana kalAnA AcAryaM tarIke prasiddhi pAmyA che. emanA patronuM sa`pAdana 5. khanArasIdAsa catuvedIe karyu che. DaoN. vAsudevazaraNa maMtrAlanA patronuM mahattva pradarzita karatAM emaNe lakhyuM : jisa dina spaSTa akSarazuM me likhA gayA unakA vistRta patra AtA thA, usa dina mAtA sAtvika, mAnasika bhAjana kA bheja hI hai| janatA thA aura maiM apane sAthiyeAMDe sAtha patrakA upabhAga karatA thA.7 mahAtmA gAMdhIjInA patro jIvanaghaDataranAM sarvocca sAptAnA jevA che. vividha aMtevAsIo tathA anuyAyIe sa bene lakhAyelA mahAtmAjInA patro navajIvana presa, amadAvAda dvArA bApU ke patra' nAmaka graMthamALA rUpe prakAzita thayA che, A ja zIrSaka heThaLa ajAja parivArane lakhAyelA patrone eka sa`graha sastA sAhitya maMDala, dilhI taraphathI paNa pragaTa thayeA che. AmAMnA moTA bhAganA patronuM saMpAdana zrI kAkAsAhebe karyuM che. e patrasaMgraheAnI prastAvanA paNa emaNe ja lakhI che, kumArI premAbahena kaTakane sodhIne lakhAyelA patrasa prahatI prastAvanAne tIrthaM snAna' zIrSaka ApI zrI kAkAsAhebe sucaLyu che ke pU. bApu jevA mahAmAnavanA patrAnuM paThana karavuM tIthaCsnAna'nuM puNya prApta karavA barAbara che.8 e ja rIte bajAja-parivArane lakhAyela pu. bApunA patrAne emaNe 'satasa`vAda' sAthe sarakhAvyA che.9 patro pustakanA rUpamAM prakAzita thai aneruM maneArajana pUruM pADe che. peTalIkarane lakhelA patranA Arabhika gujarAtImAM paNa 'kalApI' 'kAnta' 'dhUmaketu' 'meghANI' 'munazI' 'mahAtmA gAMdhI' 'kAkA kAlelakaranA cUkayA che. A patrasAhitya paNa ApaNane anekavidha jJAna tathA udAharaNarUpe tA. 6-1044 nA roja zrI meghANIbhAie zrI izvara azU oie : "bhAizrI, lakhAye jatI mAMgIne bichAne paDayA paDayA temaja gharanAM mANusAnI bimArInI jajALA vacce Aje 'janamaTIpa' puru` karatAM je tRpti ane mIThAza anubhAM tene vyakta karavA A lakhu chuM. A kRti gujarAtI sAhitya-duniyA satkAre ke uvekhe, pazu je kaMi evA vAcananI asara heThaLa Avaze te ene bhUlI nahi zake.......''10 e ja rIte potAnI putravadhU ca'danana lakhelA zrI kAkAkAlelakaranA patrAmAM jJAna ane mane(raMjananI bharapUra sAbhI bharelI che. kavAMka zrI kAkAsAheba kemala' pena kema cAle che?'' ema pUchIne zrleSanI camatkRti darzAve che, te kayAMka "eka kAna upara tenA bhAra paDatho eTale e haDatAla pADavA taiyAra thayA, paNa e haDatAla ahiMsaka nathI.11 ema lakhI duHkhane vinedapUrNAMka hasI kADhe che, mahApuruSonA AvA utpreraka tathA AnaMdadAyaka patrAne dhyAnamAM rAkhIne ja kaoNmpTananA citra vizvakozamAM kahevAmAM AvyuM che : [mukha pRSTha 4 nIce cAlu] ogasTa/1990 pathi For Private and Personal Use Only

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ga" ane "kAMgika zrI. hasamukha vyAsa gupta sAmrAjaya bhAratavarSanA vizALa phalaka para phelAyeluM hovA chatAM enI zAsanapraNAli vyavasthita ane zistabaddha hatI. samagra gupta sAmrAjaya nAnA moTA aneka prAdezika ekame-peTA ekamamAM vahecAyeluM hatuM. AmAM sauthI nAne ekama "grAma" rahe. A tamAma ekamone nAnA-moTA aneka adhikArIo paraspara saMkalita rahI vahIvaTa calAvatA. gusazAsanavyavasthAnA ghaNA aMze pachIthI saurASTranA valabhInA maitrakoe paNa apanAvelA. valabhInAM dAnapatramAM uhilakhita adhikArIo mAM gusazAsanavyavasthAnA ghaNuM adhikArIone padanI dRSTie paNa ulekha Ave che. prastuta lekhamAM AmAMnA ga-gika'nI carcA karavAno upakrama che. maitraka rAjA kuvasena 1lAnA eka bhUmidAnapatramAM rAjAe bhUmidAnanI sUcanA je adhikArIone Apela temAM dAMgika nAmanA adhikArIne paNa samAveza thayela che. Do. hariprasAda zAstrI kAMtrikanA mULamAM 'daMgI darzAvI ene artha "zahera ane ene vahIvaTa karanAra adhikArI te "gika' kare che. arthAta "krAMgika' eTale nagarane samagra vahIvaTa karanAra pramukha adhikArI. meniyara meniyara viliyamsa paNa "ga"ne artha "zahera' ke "nagara' karela che. eka matAnusAra A zabda jaina sAhityamAM samAna arthamAM prajAyela che. guptasamaya daramyAna "karInI paraMparAgata saMkhyA 18 (aDhAra) hatI. Ama "bhUmikara' vizeSa mahatvane rahe. keTalAka pradezomAM e bhAgakara' kahevA, te anyatra "udvega. sAmAnya rIte AnI mAtrA jamInanA prakAranusAra 16 thI 25 TakA sudhI rahetI. eka matAnusAra bhUmine chaThTho bhAga arthata chaThThA bhAganI bhUminI paja karasvarUpe vasUla karAtI. "rAjataraMgiNamAM kaMgane artha "pahere, cokI" thayela heIpa eka vidvAne "uga artha eka prakArane cokIdAra-kara thate hevAnuM paNa darzAvyuM che. A matAnusAra krAMgikIne artha "uga' nAmane kara vasula karanAra adhikArI thAya. guhasenanA eka abhalebamAM maMDalI kaMgamAM Avela traNa gAmanA dAno ullekha maLe che. ahIM "kaMgano artha "cakI-pahere' na thatAM "eka jAtane prAdezika vahIvaTI ekama" thAya che, je saMbhavataH AjanA mahAla ke tAlukA jevo hoI zake. Ama, AvA vibhAgane pramukha adhikArI "gika" kahevAto haze, jene sthAnIya pramukha adhikArInI hasayatathI karanI vasUlAta karavAnI paNa sattA haze. Ane "audragika' tarIke paNa ulekha thayela che. spaSTatayA A zabda "ga-udvegamAMthI yutpana thAya che. guptakAla daramyAna "uga" bhU-rAjanuM eka mahatvanuM pada hAI "uga' nAmanA karanI vasUlAta ke ene upayoga karanAra-enI megya vyavasthA karanAra adhikArI te "audragika' e artha karI zakAya. che. hAIskUla, jAmakaMDoraNa-360405 saMdarbho 1 InDiyana eNnTiverI, 4, pR. 105 2 De. zarastrI hariprasAda, maitrakakAlIna gujarAta'-bhA. 2, pR. 518-19 3 moniyara meniyara viliyamsa, "saMskRta igliza DikasanerI,' pR. 500 1 De. majumadAra ane che. anekara, "vAkATaka-guptayuga,' pU. 309 5 "rAjataraMgiNI' 8, 2010 ke metI, "Ikanemika lAIpha opha Ina InDiyA', pR. 35-43 pathika oNgasTa 1990 For Private and Personal Use Only

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janAgaDhanA bAbI navAbenI dharma-sahiSNutAnI nIti* [eka abhyAsa] pro. e. ema. kIkANI I. sa. 1707 mAM zaktizALI mughala bAdazAha auraMgajhemanuM mRtyu thayuM. tyArabAda mughala-takhta para AvelA nabaLA zAsake sAmrAjya para ekAdhipatya jALavI na zakyA ane nabaLI paDela mughalasAmrAjayanI ImAratanA kAMgarA eka pachI eka kharavA lAgyA. saurASTranI dakSiNe Avela seraThanA pradeza (junAgaDha rAjaya) paNa mughala sAmrAjayano eka bhAga hatA, jene vistAra 3280 ce. mA. hate. mughala phojadAra enA vahIvaTanuM saMcAlana karatA hatA. I. sa. 1740 mAM mughalasatA atyaMta nabaLI paDI gaI. pariNAme seraThanuM vahIvaTItaMtra paNa asthira banI gayuM hatuM. A samaye bAbIe muvalana phojadAra tarIke jUnAgaDhamAM nekarI karatA hatA. emAMnA zerakhAna urphe bahAdurakhAne mughala sattAnI dhUMsarI phagAvI, "navAba'nuM biruda dhAraNa karI, mughUlethI svataMtra banI jUnAgaDhamAM svataMtra soraTha sarakAranI sthApanA karI. I. sa. 1747 thI I. sa. 1947 ema be sadI sudhI bAbI vaMzanA navAbee jUnAgaDhamAM zAsana karyuM hatuM ane A vaMzanA chelA navAba mahobatakhAna 3 jAe jUnAgaDhanuM pAkistAna sAthe joDANa karyuM (tArIkha 1pa-8-1947) ane pachIthI mAtra be mahinA bAda kezodathI vimAna dvArA pAkistAna cAlyA gayA. sAmAnya rIte evI mAnyatA pravarte che ke jUnAgaDhanA muslima zAsakoe paNa bhAratavarSanA nya muslima zAsakenI jema hindu prajAne bhoge muslimanuM kalyANa ane islAmanA pracAra mATe dhAma tarane pratsAhana ApyuM haze ke hindu devasthAne dharmazALAo mUrti e khaMDita karI haze. bAbIvaMzanA rAjavIo custa sunnI muslima jarUra hatA, paraMtu sAthe sAthe dharmasahiSNu paNa hatA ane pitAnI samagra hindu-muslima prajA pratye samabhAvathI varyA hatA. kAThiyAvADanA dezI rAjyanuM bhArata-saMdhamAM vilInIkaraNa thayuM tyAre kAThiyAvADamAM nAnAM moTAM 222 dezI rAjya hatA teomAM jUnAgaDha prathama vargamAM paNa sauthI moTuM rAja hatuM.' jUnAgaDha rAjayanA muslima zAsakonI samabhAvabharI nItinA pAyAnA kAraNemAM akabaranI dharmasaMhiSNutAnI tathA sAthI sAthe sthAnika paribaLenI gherI asara hatI ane prajAjIvanamAM zAMti jaLavAI rahe e mATe zAsake. e satata jAgRti batAvI hatI. junAgaDha rAjayamAM 80% vastI hindunI tathA 20% vastI muslimenI hatI. rAjyanA vahIvaTI saMcAlana mATe samagra rAjyane 20 mahAlemAM vibhAjita karavAmAM AvyuM hatuM tathA rAjayanA vahIvaTI taMtramAM hinduonuM pramANa pahelethI ja vizeSa rahyuM hatuM. navAba bahAdura khAne junAgaDhamAM bAbI zAsananI sthApanA karI tyArathI dIvAna tarIke nAgarane rAkhavAmAM AvyA hatA temaja nAgare dhahIvaTI taMtra sAthe vizeSa saMkaLAyela hyA hatA. hakIkate junAgaDha rAjayanA vikAsamAM nAgaronuM pradAna savizeSa rahyuM hatuM ane emaNe navAbane vizvAsa saMpAdita karyo hato temaja rAjayane Arthika saMkaTa samaye nANAkIya madada paNa nAgaree karI hatI.' Ama zAsananI zarUAtathI ja hinduonA prabhAva ane yogya salAhane kAraNe muslima navAbanI sahiSNutAmAM vRddhi thaI hatI temaja hindu adhikArIonA *gujarAta itihAsa pariSadanA kalakattA adhivezanamAM vaMcAyele nibaMdha, tA. 26-2-88 oNgasTa1990 pathika For Private and Personal Use Only

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satata sa'pakane kAraNe navAkhAnA parivAramAM tathA muslima samAjanAM rItarivAjo praNAlika e vyavahAro rUDhio upara hindudharma tathA rItarivAjonI khUba ja gherI asara paDI hatI. jUnAgaDhanuM vahIvaTItaMtra nI bhAvanAnI asarathI mukta rahyuM hatuM tethI rAjyasevA kAmI dhAraNe bharatI karavAnA jUnA khyAlane tilAMjali ArmI lAyakAtanuM dhAraNa svIkAravAmAM Avela. sAmAnya rIte sidhI baloca makarANI arakha paDIzu jevI laDAyaka kramekramAMthI polIsa ane lazkaramAM bharatI thatI, jyAre hindue vahIvaTIta tramAM joDAtA hatA tethI rAjyanItinA ghaDataramAM paNa samAnatA sahiSNutA ane samabhAvanA triveNIsa Mgama thayo hato. Ama jUnAgaDhanI gAdI sunnI muslima zAsakrAnA hAthamAM hatI, para`tu vahIvaTa hinduonA hAthamAM rahyo hatA. enI asara nIce rahelA navAbAe hinduusavAne potAnA ja utsava tarIke svIkArela tathA emAM ullAsapUrNAMka bhAga letA hatA. hindu-muslima evA bheda jUnAgaDhamAM nAmazeSa banI gayA hatA. hinduenA tahevArA, jevA ke divALI makarasaMkrAMti DhALI navarAtra daze- vagere utsaveA, kha'ne kAma UjavatI hatI. navAkhe! paNa emAM bhAga letA hatA. I. sa. 1774 mAM navAba hAmaHkhAna-1 jUnAgaDhanI gAdI para 8 varSanI umare AvyA tyAre enA jIvana para aneka sakA ha. tyAre dIvAna amarajIe enu' vAlIpada sabhALI ene rAjakAraNanuM jJAna ApyuM' tathA enA hakkonuM rakSatru paNa karela temaja hoLIne, utsava mahelamAM UjavI bhALa nAmeAne raMgathI ramADavAmAM AvatA hatA, jenu vistRta varNana samakAlIna sAraNImAM jovA maLe che. evI ja rIte divALInA utsata e samasta prajAnA utsava hatA. muslimA paNa e UjavatA tathA mahela mATe phaTAkaDA kharIdavA bajeTamAM khAsa jogavAI hatI. 10 divALInA cAra dima rAjyanA kharce dhAmadhUmathI rAjyanA badhA mahAlemAM UjavavAmAM AvatA hatA temaja hindu adhikArIo dvArA cepaDA-pUjana ane lakSmIpUjana karavAmAM AvatuM hatuM. navA cepaDAmAM kresara kakunA sAthiyA, zrIgaNezAya namaH, zrI 1aa vagere lakhavAmAM Avatu 11 temaja A badhI ja vidhi pure hita dvArA karAvavAmAM AvatI. muslima samAja rakSAbaMdhana, lagnaprasaMge maMDapAropaNa, mANekasta Mbha, graha ke ku'lImAM, murtImAM vizvAsa dharAvatA nathI chatAM koI paNa muslima rAjyamAM nahAya tevI praNAlie jUnAgaDhatA muslima navAbee apanAvI hatI temaja emAM pUrNa zraddhA dharAvatA hatA. jUnAgaDhanA praznorA nAgara kAzInAtha jozI jUnAgaDha rAjyanA rAja yAtithI hatA. enI 5 se rAjakuTuMbamAM janmelA bALakAnI ja-makuMDaLo karAvavAmAM AvatI hatI. navAba rasulakhAnanA rAjAbhiSeka samaye eene navAba mahebatakhAnanuM saMtAna vA ke nahi evA prazna agrejoe UbhA kare, tyAre rAjotiSIe rasUla khAnano dorela janmapatrikA rajU karI hatI tathA rasalakhAnane mahebatakhAnA kAnUnI putra tarIke svIkAravAmAM AvelA.12 mahAbatakhAna-2 I. sa. 1877 mAM dilhImAM darabAra bharAyela temAM bhAga levA gayela tyAre tyAM mUhurta jovA mATe kAzInAtha jozIne sAthe laI javAmAM Avela.17 junAgaDhanI viziSTa asmitAne TakAvI rAkhavAnI bhAvanAthI navAkhe| gujarAta bahAranA muslime te jUnAgaDhamAM nekarI ApavAnu pasaMda karatA na hatA temaja chellA navA" mahAbatakhAna-3 sudhI eka paNa navAbe gujarAta bahAranI kanyA sAthe lagnasabadha pazu khAMdhavAnuM pasaMda karyuM na hatu ane tethI 1906 mAM sthapAyela muslima lIganI asara jUnAgaDhamAM thaI na hatI tethI hindu tathA muslima ane prajAne rAjyamAM samAna hakka maLyA hatA. temaja dareka kAmanAM devasthAne samAna dhoraNe rAjaya tathathI madada maLatI hatI. jUnAgaDha rAjaya dAna-dharma ane kherAta mATe prasiddha hatuM. dareka masjidane lAkhAnabattI mATe ane madine dhUpa-dIpa mATe dara vase nizcita rakama maLatI hatI14 temaja madirApathika AgasTa/199 11 For Private and Personal Use Only

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nI pavitratA jaLavAI rahe te tara rAjaya jAmata hatuM. 15 vaLI jINu khanelAM hindu yatrAsthaLanI samArakAma paNa rAjyanA kharce karavAmAM AvatAM hatAM, 16 junAgaDha rAjaya taraphathI aneka sadAvratA cAlatAM hatAM. hindu sAdhue rAMdhelu anAja letA na hatA temane kArA sIdhA ApavAnI jogavAI karavAmAM AvI hatI. madirA tathA dharmAdA jagyA dvArA paNa AvuM sadAvrata cAlatAM hatAM, jene rAjaye udAratAthI jamItA tathA gAmaDAMonI Upaja dharmAdA mATe ApI hatI. enA hakkonA seTalamenTa mATe eliyezana DipArTImenTa 1897 mAM zarU karavAmAM AveluM. 17 jUnAgaDha rAjye 37 gAmaDAM hindu madine dharmAMdA tathA sadAvrata mATe ApyAM hatAM 18 kADiyAvADanAM dezI rAjyeAmAM kherAta ane dharmAdA mATe kadAca jUnAgaDha rAjye sauthI vadhu jIna ane gAmaDAM kALavyAM haze temaja navA gata rIte paNa puSkaLa pramANamAM samAnatAne dheAraNe gupta dAna karatA hatA, jenA hiMsAmA copaDe lakhAtA na hatA, jene ma Mgreja vahIvaTakartA samajI zakayA na hatA,19 paraMtu hindu samAjamAM gupta dAnate mahimA vizeSa che. hinduaiAnI lAgaNIne dhyAnamAM laI rAjyamAM hatyA upara pratibaMdha hAra temaja rAjyanI bRhumatI prajAnI lAgaNI dubhAya nahi e khAta rAjyakartAee jAgRti batAvI hatI. taduparAMta zAsakrA pote gaeNpremI hatA. sulakhAnajIe indrezvaramAM gaiAzALA baMdhAvI ApI hatI.21 navAba mahobatakhAna -3 e peAtAnA mahelamAM vizALa gazALA aMdhAvela tathA dareka gAyane "gaMgA 'jamanA" jevAM pavitra hindunAma ApavAmAM AvyAM hatAM. evI ja rIte rAjyanA darakhAra bharAya tyAre prasa MgopAtta rAjya taraphathI utsava prasaMge hindu suslima amIrAne vAra vAra milkhAnI mATe nimaMtraNa ApavAmAM AvatAM hatAM. A samaye hinduonI dhAmiCka lAgaNI na dubhAya enI kALajI rAkhavAmAM AvatI hatI. baMne mAnI beThakavyavasthA alaga alaga rahetI (karavAmAM AvatI) tathA rasoDAM rasAyA pirasaNiyA alaga rAkhavAmAM AvatAM. enAthI pazu vizeSa AgaLa vadhIne jUnAgaDhamAM sauthI paheluM pAsyAtya paddhatinuM davAkhAnuM 1870 mAM zarU thayuM. jUnAgaDhanI rUDhivAdI prajA bahAranu pANI avitra gayutI hatI tevI davA banAvavA mATe gharanuM pANI lAvavAnI prAne chUTa ApavAmAM Avela. rara Ama prajAnI dharmabhAvanAne Thesa na pahoMce enI kALajI rakhAtI hatI. jUnAgaDhanA navAAnI sarvadharma samabhAvabharI nItine pariNAme, ekamAtra prabhAsapATaNane khAda karatAM, samagra rAjyamAM 1925 sudhI kemI prazno UbhA thayA na hatA. prabhAsapATaNa hindunu pavitra yAtrAsthaLa hatuM. sekhanAtha ane triveNI nadI hindunI zraddhAnAM kendra hatAM, jyAre triveNI nadI muslima mAchImAro mATe AvikAnuM sAdhana hatI emAMthI baMne koma vacce vivAda Ubho thayela. A khate phrAnA vivAdane nirmULa karavA mATe i.sa. 1893 mAM hanTara kamizana dvArA tapAsa karAvavAna mAM Avela temaja 1889 mAM paNa jUnAgaDha rAjye prayatno karyA hatA, 23 para Mtu mULa praznanu nirAkaraNa na thayu' ane 1893 mAM tAjiyAne prasne kAmI tAkAne thayAM. 24 AvA duHkhada prasaMge navAbe taTastha tapAsa karI sara phirojazAha mahetAnA vaDapaNuM nIce traNa nyAyAdhIzo dvArA samagra kesa calAgyA. A adAlatanI bina-majahabI nIti sAme pATaNanA muslimoe mubaInA gava narane arajI karI hatI temAM mukhya phariyAda e hatI ke navAba hindunA prabhAva nIce che, 25 Rtu pazu jUnAgaDhanA navAbe A prakaraNamAM kAI ja hastakSepa karyo na hatA, 12 gasTa/1990 pathika For Private and Personal Use Only

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jUnAgaDhanA zAsake dhame muslima hatA. jUnAgaDhanI prajAne pitAnI samajI emaNe taTastha ane samabhAvabharI nItine amala karyo hato. giranAra parvata upara hinduonAM temaja jainenAM dhArmika rathaLe AvelAM che. parvata upara javA mATe raste ghaNo ja kharAba levAthI pagathiyAM banAvavAne vicAra hinduoe karyo. e mATe leTarI kADhavAnI na ba bahAdurakhA-3 e 1889mAM maMjUrI ApI. 24 giranAra tathA enAM pagathiyAM sAthe musilama prajAne koI saMbaMdha na hato. giranAra upara muslimanuM kaI dhArmika sthaLa paNa nathI chatAM paNa giranAranAM pagathiyAM mATenI leTarI-samitimAM aneka muslimo hatA tathA enA kanvinara vajIra bahAuddInabhAI hatA. 27 jUnAgaDha rAjyanI binasAMpradAyika ane binamajhahabI vAMdanI nItinA pariNAmasvarUpa hindu-muslima vacce ekatAnI sthApanA thaI hatI. gujarAtI bhASAnA Adi kavi narasiMha mahetAnA carAnA navanirmANa mATe 1905-06 mAM "nRsiMha leTarI' bahAra pADavAmAM Avela. A leTarInA kanvinara jUnAgaDhanA navAba rasulakhAnajI pote hatA. ra8 Ama jUnAgaDhanAM hiMdu dhArmika sthaLone pratyakSa tathA parikSa mada karavAmAM AvI hatI. Ama, bAbI vaMzanA rAjayakartAonI nIti saMpUrNapaNe dharmanI bAbatamAM sahiSNutAbharI jevA maLe che. svayaM custa rIte islAma dharma pALatA hatA, paraMtu potAnI bahumatI hindu prajAne emanI IcchAnusAra dharma pALavAnI svataMtratA hatI. uparAMta prajAuvANanI rAjyanI nItimAM paNa bahumatI prajAnA kalyANa mATenA emanA prayatna savizeSa rahyA hatA. prajAnAM sukha ane kalyANa mATenI navAbanI taTastha nItine kAraNe prajA sUkha tathA saMtiSa anubhavatI hatI ane pariNAme junAgaDha rAjyanA zAsaka IslAma dharma ane prajA hindu dharma pALatI hatI. rAjavIonI A sahiSNu gharmanIti ja rAjyanI pragatinA pAyAmAM hatI ema jarUra kahI zakAya, che. ItihAsa vibhAga, saurASTra yunivarsiTI, rAjakoTa-360005 pAdanoMdha 1. kaDAkA dhanajI, "kAThiyAvADa DirekaTarI", I.sa. 1886, pR. 148 2. paMDayA kAlidAsa de, "gujarAta rAjasthAna athavA gujarAtanA dezI rAjya", amadAvAda, pR. 313 3. desAI za. hA, "junAgaDha ane gIranAra', 1975, pR. 260 4. De. jAnI esa. 1, junAgaDha ArajhI hakumatane ItihAsa (apragaTa mahAnibaMdha), saurASTra yunivarsiTI, rAjakoTa, pR. 1 pa, vorA gu, ke, "junAgaDhane ItihAsa" 1898, Aryodaya presa, amadAvAda, pR. 1 6. je Dabalyu. veTsana. "sTeTisTikala ekAunTsa oNpha jUnAgaDha" evu. sAyaTI presa, muMbaI 1884, pR. 1 che. ejana, pR. 7 8. hastaprata daphatara, naM. 4, patra naM. 5, hajUra ne, 32350, je. 991, junAgaDha 6. bhaMDAra 9. dIvAna raNachoDajI, "tArIkhe seraTha va hAlAra, anu. desAI zAha, jUnAgaDha, 1980, pR. 111-114 10. hastaprata datara baM, 8, kA. 3, patra naM. 6, . naM. 5039, . 23, copaDA na kara, janA. da, bhaMDAra 1. hajUra hukamanA copaDAnuM daphatara, jUnA. da. bhaMDAra 12. desAI ., "janAgaDha ane gIranAra" che. 181 ga/ 10 pazcika ' For Private and Personal Use Only

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13. jethI zaMbhuprasAda pAsenA mULa patrane AdhAre 14. jJAna prAhaka sabhA mAsika, "saurASTra darpaNa" 1880, pR. 24, sI. nA prakAza, Sa, jUnAgaDha 15 hastapatra da. naM. 4, pha, 4, patra naM. 4 phe 5 dIda5, 1588 16. jatA. rAjaya prakAzita-chappaniyA dukALane ahevAla, saMpA. jhAlA yu . 1902, pR. 6 17. rAjayaprakAzita-gaeNjheTa-dastUrala-amala-sarakAra,' meMgasTa, 1897 18. rAjya-prakAzita "sinesijha oNpha dha ophisIjha eNnDa DipArTamenTsa Ina eNmisTriyana oNpha bAkhI rUla oNpha jUnAgaDha sTeTa," I. sa. 1907, pR. 115 19. minisTreTiva riperisa pha junAgaDha sTeTa, I.sa. 1911-12, pR. 58 20, mahArASTra da. bhaMka-- ma 19/1892, phAIla naM. 29, pR. 24 21. desAI zaM, "prakAza ane paricaya" 1980, junAgaDha, pR. 113 22. rAjaya-prakAzita-daratU amala-sarakAra', sapTe. 1870 pR. 5 23. mahArASTra da. bhaMDAra-lUma 103-1892, pha. naM. 1776, pR. 103 24. takarArI daphatara-jUnAgaDha 6, bhaMDAra 25. pAdanoMdha naM. 23 pramANe, pR. 733 26. rAjya-prakAzita-bAbI rUlarsa oNpha jUnAgaDha', 1903-. 134 ra7. giranAra leTarI patrikA - kaTa, 1889 28. rAjya-prakAzita- dastUrala-amala-sarakAra', 1905 ------------------ ------ [anu. 5. 16 thA] sulatAnanA tAjane bhapake bahu che, paNa emAM jiMdagInuM jokhama che. enA karatAM manane AnaMda Ape te TepI che ke jenAthI zira jatuM nathI, sacavAI rahe che." sulatAna ahamadazAha trIjo kumAracayamAM gAdIpati thayele ane mAtra sAta varSanuM rAjaya karyuM, paNa e eka yA bIjA amIranA kedI je hato ane ene rAjataMtramAM bhAga levA dI nahi tethI e halakA cAkare sAthe khAvApIvAmAM samaya vyatIta karate. ene rAjamahelanI khaTapaTone kAMI anubhava na hato temaja ene sArI zikhAmaNa Ape te salAhakAra paNa na hatuM. pariNAme enuM karuNa mRtyu thayuM ane tethI ja 'mirAte sikaMdarI' enA mRtyunuM "varSa makatala zuda bI gunAha" "kaI paNa gunA vagara nA nirdoSane mArI nAkhavAmAM Avyo" e zabda upasthI Ape che. enA samayamAM I,sa, 1560 mAM bharUnA caMgIjhakhAne enA pitA ImAda-ula-muchatI kabara upara eka suMdara makabare baLe e emAM mukAyelA zilAlekhathI jANavA maLe che. e sivAya saurASTranA leliyANAmAM I.sa. 1555 mAM rijadamAM samArakAma karyAne lekha che e sivAya koI nedhapAtra makAna baMdhAyAno ullekha nathI. ' ahamadazAhane amIra nAmanA sulatAna tarIke besADI gujarAtanA samRddha rAjya ane prajAne aMdara aMdara vahecI lIdhAM ane gujarAtanI salatanatane pAyamAla karavAnI haTha karI. AmAM mAtra IttamAdakhAnanA nasIbe jera karyuM ane cheka sudhI e bIja amIrAnuM kAsaLa kADha jIvate rahyo. gujarAtanI gAdI ahamadazAhanA mRtyuthI trIjI vAra vArasa vagaranI khAlI paDI, The. "ojasa, TAunahela sAme, saradAra coka, jUnAgaDha-362001 jasTa 1990 For Private and Personal Use Only

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ahamadazAha 3 jo (i.sa. 1114 thI 151) zrI zaMbhuprAda huM. desAi amadAvAdanuM nAma jenA nAma uparathI paDayu te ahemadazAhanA putra lazkarakhAnanA pautra satIkhAnano putra A ahaMmadarzAha hate. gujarAtanI gAdInA sthApaka mujhasphUpharazAhanA vazamAM kadAca A eka ja vArasa bAkI hatA. I.sa. 1554 mAM mahemadAvAdamAM amIrAe je gujarAtanI gAdIe besADayo, mirAte sikadarI lakhe che ke 'jha nehasada jhuta rate dara rAsta yaka kaMjhA guraMta zeharA ke amuka laka" "jyAre navasA ekasaTha (dvijarI) vaSaeN pUrAM thayAM tyAre sulatAnane bhAgye kahyuM ke A rAjya tAruM che." mahamUda trIna pAse eka hindu nAkara hatA teNe ene dharmAMtara karAvI abdula karIma' nAma Apelu. dhIre dhIre e sulatAnanA eTalA kRpApAtra thayA ke ene Itima dakhAnane ikAba ApyA. mahamUdanA mRtyu vakhate burahAnanA kAvatarAmAMthI bacI gayelA ane khIjA amIro marAI jatAM eNe hajharata saiyada tathA khIjA je amIre bacI gayelA tene kahyuM ke sulatAnanI kaMI paNa begama sagarbhA nathI eTale rAha jovAnI jarUra nathI, mATe latIphakhAnanA putrane amadAvAdathI lai AvI gAdIe besADo, jyAre strI-ula-mulka nAmane amIra zeAdhavA gaye| tyAre ahamada enA kutAmAM bAjarI laI kabUtarAne khavarAvavA eka vANiyAnI dukAne UbhelA. rajhI-ula-mulka ete sAthe lIdhe| tyAre enI mAe rAvA ane rADA pADavA mAMDI ke mArA dIkarAne A ajANyA mANasa laI jAva che !' tyAre ene kahyu ke "ene evA sthaLe laI javAmAM Ave che ke AvatI kAle ena dUra AgaLa lokA ekatra thaze, paNa kAIne aMdara javA rajA nahi maLe.' churahAne lagabhaga badhA trima amIrAtI ghAta karyo hateA eTale vajIrAta IttimAdakhAnane ApavAmAM AvI. sulatAnanI sagIra vaya tema anubhavanA abhAvane kAraNe temaja rAjavazamAM e Uchaye na heAvAthI sulatAne kaI rIte rahevu joIe enI mAhitInA abhAvane kAraNe IttimAda khAte aMte pUrNa aMkuzamAM rAkhyA ane pote sarvasattAdhIza thaI paDayo. A pachIne ItikrAsa e gujarAtanA amIrA, dariyAkhAna, habazI nAsIra-ula-mudraka, AlamakhAna ane saiyada mubAraka jIkhArI vaccenA kalahane che. A amIrA thADo samaya zatru thaI sAmasAmA laDatA, naLI pAchA mitrA thaI jatA, paNa eka vAtamAM ee sarve sahamata hatA: emaNe eenI vacamAM gujarAtanuM rAjya vaheMcI lIdhu hatu. ane khannatAne bhAga pADI lIdhA hatA. A sarvamAM eka sauda subAraka bukhArI prAmANika hatA ane rAjyanuM hita karavA prayatna karatA chatAM eNe paNa gujarAtanA bhAga vaheMcAyA temAM pANu cAMpAnera khabhAta kapaDavaMja vaDedarA vAIsanera dhALakA ane dhaMdhukA jetAnA bhAge AvatAM rAkhI lIdhelAM, gujarAtanI saMstanata Ama nadhaNiyAtI hatI ane tyAM kAi sAmane! kare ema hatu` nahi ema mAnI burahAnapuranA sulatAna mubArakazAhe caDAI karI. A samAcAra sAMbhaLI amIrAte bhaSa lAgyA ane ene sAmane karavA saiyada mubAraka jIkhArIne javA vina'tI karI tathA bIjA amIrAe sulatAna mubArakane saMdeza mokalI pote emanI madadamAM raheze evI khAtrI ApI. saiyada mubArakane A samAcAra maLyA ane jaIne rasaiyada mubArake sulatAna mubAraka sAthe vATAghATa calAvI ene pAchA vALyeA. cika wh8/1990 15 For Private and Personal Use Only

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A pachI A amIra aMdara aMdara laDavA pravRtta thayA. eka vAra sauyada mubAraka bukhArI tathA IttimAdakhAna upara nAsira-ula-mulakanA vatI atakhAne humalo karyo, paNa e mAryo gayo, tyAM nAsira moTuM rInya laI AvI pahoMcyA ane bhayaMkara yuddha thAya ema hatuM, paNa enuM saMkhyAbaLa joI saiyada tathA IttimAdakhAna raNa choDI gayA. nAsi-ula-muka janmathI vANiyo hato, paNa dhamAMtara karI, "nAsira' nAma dhAraNa karI darabAramAM amIra thaye hatuM te sauyada mubAraka bukhArInuM kAsaLa kADhI nAkhavA enI pAchaLa kapaDavaMja gayo. sauyade ociMte chApo mArI ene harAvyuM ane e cAMpAnera tarapha nAsI gaye, jaya jaMgalamAM rakhaDatI bhaTakate e marI gaye. e vakhate dilhIne amIra hAjIkhAna, dilhImAM humAyune vijaya thatAM, enA sainya sAthe gujarAtamAM AvI pahoMce ane zerakhAna kIlAdI ene maLI gaye, IttamAdakhAna tathA ImAda-ula-mukane moTI bIka lAgI. emane ema paNa thayuM ke e mubArakacAhane pakSa le ane sulatAna ahamada nAsIne mubArakazAhane tyAM Azraya laI rahyo che te amane nukasAna karaze tethI e sene sajaja karI saiyada mubArakazAha sAme AvyA ane jhapAjhapImAM bharAI gayA to emanuM lakara pAchuM pharI gayuM. sulatAna ahamada e pachI sAme thaye, paNa ene saphaLatA maLI nahi ane sauyada mubArakanuM jyAM raheThANa hatuM te soyadapura lUMTI levAmAM AvyuM. e pachI ImAda-ula-muka tathA ItimAdakhAna vacce pragaTa vaimanasya thayuM. baMne vacce meca goThavAyA. ItimAdakhAnanuM baLa joI imAda-ula-muka bharUca cAlyuM gayuM ane thoDA vakhata pachI suratanA jAgIradAra ane enA sasarA khyAja sapharanA putra khudAvaMdakhAne enuM khUna karyuM. ImAdanA putra caMgIjhakhAne pocugIjhonI madadathI khudAvaMdakhAnane mArI surata lIdhuM. - caMgIjhakhAne sIdI amIra juhArakhAnane harAvI bharUca-suratamAMthI kADhI mUkyo tethI eNe ttimAdakhAnanuM zaraNa lIdhuM. ItimATe enI upara caDAI karI daramyAna musakhAna ane zerakhAna nAmanA amIre amadAvAda jene havAle hatuM te phateha khAna upara caDathI tevI ItimAdakhAna surata taraphathI pAchA Avyo ane amadAvAdamAM mera bAMdhyo. ItimAdakhAnane kahevAmAM AvyuM ke sulatAna ahamadazAha vAraMvAra talavAranA ghA kaLanI upara kI kahe che ke "Ama ja IttamAdakhAnanuM mAthuM huM eka vAra juduM karIza." ahamadazAha ghaNo je nIce prakRtine hatA ane dArUnA dhenamAM rahate. e "vaha-ula-muka tathA rajha-ula-mulakanA mAthAM paNa talavArathI uDAvI daIza.' ema belyA kare eTale ItimAdakhAna tathA A baMnee potAnAM mAthAM sulatAna uDADe e pahelAM ene patAvI devA nirNaya lIdhe. eka vAra sulatAna ne vaha-ula-muke enI havelImAM belAvI enA mukhathI ItimAdakhAnanI huM katala karoza evA zabda kahevarAvyA, je pAchaLa chupAI rahelA ItimAdakhAne kAnekAna sAMbhaLyA eTale eNe bahAra AvI enA karIne sulatAnane mAra mArI ThAra karavA hukama Aye, sulatAnane prANa jatAM enA mRta dehane I.sa. 1561 nI 3 mI jAnyuArInA roja nadInI retImAM nAkhI dIdho ane vAta phelAvI ke latAna nAmI gayo che. bIje divase koIe ene mArI nAkhe che ema kahI enI lAzane dAna karI. mirAte siMkadarI' A prasaMga varNavI lakhe che ke zae tAje sulatAnI ke dIdama jAna dara dara jIta, kalAha dilakaza asta AmA batake sara namI arajhada che [ a. 5. 14 nIce ] gara/1 For Private and Personal Use Only

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Arthika vikAsanuM mahattvanuM bAdhaka paribaLa asAmAjika banAve (I.sa. 1973 thI 1987) rAjakoTa jillAnI anusUcita jAtionA vizeSa saMdarbhamAM che. mahezacaMdra paMDayA bhAratanI jema saurASTra ane kacchanI bhUmi paNa bhAtabhAtanI vibhinnatAothI bharapUra che. mAladhArI ahIre ane bharavADe, kAThI rAjapUta ane darabAre, paTela ane dalitanI mukhya vastI dharAvatI saurASTranI dharatI saMte ane zarAonI bhUmi tarIke prasiddha che. jesala jADejo, vAle nAmorI, kAdu makarANI, bhUpata bahAravaTiyA vagerenAM parAkrame prajAmAM prasiddha che. anyAyane sAmane karavA e tharavIroe bahAravaTAM kheDelAM. e pachI saurASTramAM nAnI moTI bAbatone mahatva ApIne saMgha karavA e sAmAnya bAbata banI gaI. pariNAme thoDA ja samayamAM nAnakaDA saurASTranI prajA aneka nAnA nAnA rAjakIya vibhAgamAM vibhAjita banI. zarAo ane rAjAonA rAtananA saMskAra saurASTranI prajAe paNa jhIlyA. pariNAme AhIra bharavADa mera hATI mayA khAravA kAThI darabAro kAraDiyA rajapUta paTela vagere jJAtionAM paNa khamIra khumArI ane khunnasanAM pArakhAM karAvatA saMkhyAbaMdha saMgharSo thatA rahyA. e pachI zaratanane nAme asAmAjika banAvo paNa banavA lAgyA, jene bhaga dalita paNa banyA. dalitone kacaDI nAkhavAnA saMkhyAbaMdha banAva banavA lAgyA. e banAvo paikI jaja banAvo piolIsa-daphatare noMdhAyA, keTalAka banAvanI akhabAroe noMdha lIdhI, jyAre meTA bhAganA banAve te dalitonA bhayabhIta banelA dilamAM cUpacApa dharabAI gayA. ahIM mukhyatve 20 mI sadInA pravartamAna chelA deDha dAyakA daramyAna rAjakoTa jillAnAM gAmomAM sAmAjika Arthika ane rAjakIya kAraNasara banelA dalita-damananA banAvene tapAsIne, enuM etihAsika saMdarbhamAM vizleSaNa karIne enI Arthika vikAsanI prakriyA para thatI asarAne abhyAsa karavA namra prayAsa karyo che. sAmAjika kAraNe: (a) havasakhorI piSavA gujArAyelA atyAcAra : garIbakI je sabakI bhAbhI" e ukti mujaba garIba dalitanI strIo para atyAcAra gujAravAnA saMkhyAbaMdha banAva banatA rahe che. saurASTra paNa evA banAvothI mukta rahI zakayuM nathI. rAjakoTa jillAnA pAnelI pAse AvelA dariyAmaNa gAmanI bAI amarI khetaramAM magaphaLI kADhatI hatI te vakhate gAmanA mAthAbhAre bharavADe enuM ziyaLa naMdavA prazatna karyo. bAhoza amarIe hiMmatabhera ene sAmane karyo tethI bhAna bhUlelA bharavADe enuM khUna karyuM. tyArabAda e bharavADanI dharapakaDa karavAmAM AvI, mANAvadaranI sImamAM baLataNa vINavA gayelI be mahilAone jhADa sAthe bAMdhIne emanA para pazu julama gujAravAmAM AvyuM hatuM. (ba) aspRzyatAne lIdhe thayelA atyAcAra : AjhAdI prApti pachInA 43 varSa jeTalA lAMbA samaya-gALAmAM paNa lekamAnasamAMthI saMpUrNapaNe aspRzyatAnuM bhUta nIkaLI zakayuM nathI. pariNAme aspRzyatAne lIdhe AjhAdI prApti pachI paNa dalitAnAM khUna thatAM rahyAM che. saurASTramAM haju paNa aspRzya sAthe aNachAjatA vyavahAra karavAmAM Ave che. emane sArvajanika kUvA parathI pANI bharavA devAmAM AvatuM nathI, ee hoTale ke jemAM praveza meLavI zaktA nathI. haju paNa dukAnadAre emane vastuo dUra pheMkIne Ape che. rAjakoTa jilAnA, gAMDaLathI 15 ki.mI. dUra AvelA, dALiyA gAmanA harijane aspRzyatAne kAraNe bahiSkAra karavAmAM AvyA hatA. majeThI gAme AhIra ane aspRzya vacce aspRzyatA aMge bhAre jhaghaDe pathika gara1990 17 For Private and Personal Use Only

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thayo hato tethI taMgadilI chavAI hatI. harijane bhayabhIta banyA hatA. chevaTe emanA rakSaNa mATe tA. 25-4-1987 thI 2 kaeNsTebale mUkavAmAM AvyA hatA, rAtI devaDI gAme paNa harijane ane sava vacce aspRzyatA aMge jhaghaDo thatAM eka harijananuM khUna thayuM hatuM, tethI tA. 9-9-1983 thI harijanenA rakSA mATe eka heDa kosTebala mukavAmAM AvyA hatA. gaMDaLa tAlukAnA dhAvadara gAme harijane ane paTele vacce saMgharSa thayuM hatuM tethI eka heDa kaMsTebala ane 3 Tebale harijananA rakSaNa mATe tA. 5-6-1987 thI dhAvadara gAme mUkavAmAM AvyA hatA. e ja rIte A jillAnA dhuLeriyA gAme paNa eka heDa kasTebala ane traNa kaeNnsaTebale lagabhaga be varSathI paNa vadhAre samaya sudhI harijananA rakSaNa mATe mUkavAmAM AvyA hatA. Arthika kAraNe : grAmavistAromAM jamInadAranAM khetaramAM kAma karanAra khetamajUramAM dalita majUronuM pramANa vizeSa hoya che. e majUro pAse vadhumAM vadhu veTha ane vaitaruM karAvI emane kAmanA pramANamAM ochI dAma ApavAmAM Ave che. emanI sAme mAthuM UMcakanAra dalita majuranuM khUna paNa thaI jAya che. keTalAka bhUmihIna dalitane Toca-maryAdAnI jamInamAMthI phAjala pADIne cheDI jamIna ApavAmAM Ave che eve vakhate jamInadAra potAnI jamIna pAchI meLavavA mATe dalitene parezAna kare che. veThamukti RNamukti, jamInavihoNAone veca maryAdAnI jamInamAMthI jamInanI phALavavI vagere aMgenA kAyadA haju sudhI paNa gAmaDAMo sudhI pahoMcyA nathI. pariNAme A prakAranAM Arthika kAraNosara paNa saurASTramAM dalito para atyAcAranA banAvo banyA che. rAjakoTa jillAnA paDadharI polIsa sTezana heThaLanA nAnA haDamatiyA gAme darabAro ane harijano vacce jamIna bAbate bhAre jhaghaDo thatAM darabAroe harijanone herAna karyA hatA ane jAnathI mArI nAkhavAnI dhamakI ApI hatI tethI tA. 13-10-87 thI emanA rakSaNa mATe be hathiyAradhArI kaisTebale mUkavAmAM AvyA hatA. rAjakIya kAraNo: I.sa. 1947 mAM deza AjhAda thayo e pachI lokazAhI Dhabe rAjakIya pakSone saMdurasta vikAsa the jarUrI hato, ene badale pakSIya bhAvanA azobhanIya rIte taMga banI. enAM mAThAM pariNAme samAjanA pratyeka vargane ochAvattA pramANamAM bhegavavAM paDavAM. saurASTramAM paNa pakSa kheMcatANa ane veTanA rAjakAraNano bhoga dalita banyA. A bAbatamAM rAjakAraNIoe dalitone upayoga karIne varNabheda vadhAravAmAM noMdhapAtra phALo Apyo che." rAjakaTathI lagabhaga 70 ki.mI. dUra AvelA kaMDoraNAnA daDavI gAme cUMTaNInuM jhera eTalI hade prasarI gayuM hatuM ke chevaTe harijananA rakSaNa mATe esa.Ara.pI. nA 6 javAne ane sAdI polIsanA 4 Tebale mUkavA paDayA hatA, ema chatAM e gAmanA harijana sarapaMcanuM khUna karavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. e sarapaMcanA khananA samAcAra maLyA pachI, eka kalAka bAda, emanA rakSaNa mATe mUkavAmAM AvelI polIsa tyAM AvI pahoMcI hatI. A uparAMta geDaLa tAlukAnA dhuLaziyA gAmanA harijana sarapaMcane sulatAnapuranA sarapaMcanI cUMTaNImAM amuka jUthane sAtha nahi maLe ema lAgatAM, dhuLaziyAnA harijanene dhamakI ApavAmAM AvI hatI. chevaTe emanA rakSagu mATe paNa eka heDa keTebala ane 3 kabale mUkavA paDyA hatA. ledhIkA tAlukAnA khirasarA gAmanA harijana AgevAnanuM paNa AvAM ja kAraNeyara khUna karavAmAM AveluM. e pachI khirasarAnA harijanonA rakSaNa mATe be hathiyAradhArI konTebale mUkavAmAM AvyA hatA. vAMkAnera pAsenA mahIkA gAmane sarapaMca harijana hevAthI cUMTaNI ogasTa/1990 pathika For Private and Personal Use Only

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vakhate harijane ane momIne vacce taMgadilI chavAI hatI, tethI tA. 7-4-857 thI harijananA rakSaNa mATe eka heDa konTebala, 3 kesTebala ane be ghoDesavAra polIse mUkavAmAM AvyA hatA. Ama pakSIya bhAvanAthI janmelA verajharanI AgamAM rAjakoTa jillAnA harijane zekAyA hovAnI mAhitI prApta thAya che, Ama, saurASTranA rAjakoTa jillAmAM sAmAjika Arthika ane rAjakIya kAraNosara savarNo ane dalita vacce taMgadilI sarjatA bhayaMkara banAvo banyA hatA tethI bhayabhIta banelA harijanane rAjaya sarakArane saMkhyAbaMdha kisAonA lisa-rakSaNa ApavuM paDayuM hatuM. I. sa. 1985thI 87 daramyAna rAjakeTa jillAnA harijano para thayelA atyAcArone kAraNe harijanane ApavAmAM AvelA polIsa-rakSaNathI rAjaya sarakAra para paDelA vadhArAnA Arthika bejAnI mAhitI Apato koTho: saMgharSa saMgharSanuM polIsarakSaNa rakSaNa rakSaNane kAraNe krama nAma kenI kenI kAraNa pariNAma ApyuM sarakAra para eka varace he. ke. ke. kula tArIkha divasane vadhArAne kharca 1 dhULeziyA paTele cUMTaNI mArAmArI 1-3=4 29-10-87 90-00 ane 2 harijane Ayare a ane thatA mArAmArI --- 21-04-87 melI majeThI 40-00 30-00 khane 130-00 40-00 rAtI savarNo , 1 harijananuM 1-0 09-09-83 devaDI ane harijano 4 mahI ke me mIno cUMTaNI mArAmArI 1-=4 07-10-87 + gheDesavAraharijana 5 nAnA darabAre. aspRzyatA jhaghaDe 0-ra-ra 13-10-87 haDamatiyA ane harijane ka ledhIkA muslime rAjakAraNa 1 harijana- 1-3=4 17-9-87 nuM khUna harijane 7 gheghA- paTele manaduHkha jhaghaDe 1-3=4 5-6-87 vadara ane harijano kula -kula 2 harijananAM khUna 4+17-21 kula kharca pilIsarakSaNa ogasTa 1990 40-00 ane 90-00 460-00 For Private and Personal Use Only

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uparyukta keThA AdhAre A pramANenI vigate tAravI zakAya : (1) I. sa. 1985 thI 1987 daramyAna rAjakoTa jillAmAM harijana ane savarNa vacce thayelA saMgharSanAM mukhya kAraNe cUMTaNI aspRzyatA vagere hatAM. (2) saMgharSa daramyAna me harijananAM khUna thayAM hatAM, jayAre eka paNa harijanetaranuM khUna thayuM na hatuM. (3) pAMca mArAmArInA tathA bhayaMkara jhaghaDAnA banAvo banyA hatA. (4) cAra heDa kanTebala ane be ghoDesavAra sahita kensebale maLI kula 21 pAlIsanA kAphalAnuM 7 gAmanA harijanone rakSaNa ApavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. (5) polIsa--rakSaNa daramyAna 1 divasane vadhArAne Arthika bAje rUA. 460-00 rAjya sarakArane bhagavo paDato hato. e hisAbe eka mAsane 13 hajAra AThaso ane eka varSane eka lAkha 65 hajAra chaso rUpiyA sarakArane bhogavavA paDe. (6) e uparAMta rakSaNa mATe pharaja bajAvatI pArTInI tapAsa mATe jatI pI.esa.AI.nI pATInI pagADI sahitane kharca, emanAM bhaNyAM, rakSaNa daramyAna rajA Ave te e divasane pATIne bevaDA kharca, vagere emAM umerAtAM sarakAra para binajarUrI Arthika beja vadhate rahete hato. (7) je gAme paNa rakSaNa karatI hoya te gAmanA loko dvArA pATInI bAdazAhI Dhabe sarabhara karavAmAM AvatI tethI paNa binahisAbI Arthika vyaya thato. (8) anu. jAtinI vyaktinuM khUna thAya te e vyaktinA vArasadArane sarakAra taraphathI rUA. daMsa hajAra madada maLatI. kAThAmAM darzAvyA pramANe be vyaktinAM khUna thayAM hovAthI binajarUrI 20 hajAra rU.ne Arthika bejo sarakAra para ladAyo hate. (9) asAmAjika banAno bhAga je gAmanA harijane banyA hoya te gAmanA harijane ane sava taMgadilI bhagavate hevAthI artha-utapAdana karI zakatA na hatA tethI paNa e gAmanA arthataMtra para bhAre viparIta sakSara thatI. - TUMkamAM, je game harijane ane savarNo vacce asAmAjika banAva banyo hoya te gAme harijananA rakSaNa mATe mUkavAmAM AvelI polIsa-pATI aMge thatA kharca, rakSaNa karatI pArTInA cekiMga mATe AvatI pI.esa.AI.nI pATIne kharca, pArTInI sarabharA mATe gAmaloko dvArA thato kharca, rakSaNa daramyAna AvatI rajAnA divase rakSaNa karatI pATIne bevaDAI jato pagAra, jenuM khUna thayuM hoya te harijananA vArasadArane rAjaya dvArA cUkavavAmAM AvatI rakama vagere bAbatene saravALo karavAthI sAmAjika saMdhane kAraNe thatA Arthika bagADane AMka ghaNo moTo Ave e dIvA jevI spaSTa hakIkata che. saMgharSane kAraNe savarNo-harijano vacce UbhI thatI avizvAsanI khAI ane manabhaMgathI thatuM nukasAna AMkaDAomAM mUlavI zakAya ema hotuM nathI e judI vAta che. A sAmAjika banAvone lIdhe banne pakSo vacce salAmane bhaya Ubho thavAthI banne pakSe Arthika vikAsa upekSA sevavA lAge che tethI paNa deTanA arthataMtra para viparIta asara thayA vagara rahetI nathI. mAnavasarjita prakopanI e asara dhImA jhera jevI heya che. je ene aTakAvavAmAM na Ave to e kensastI mAkaka dezanI Arthika karoDane kerI khAya che. AvA asAmAjika banAve sarjanArI vyaktio jUja hoya che. ene DAmI devA mATe samAja ane sarakAre sahiyAre puruSArtha kara joIe. egaDha1990 2 For Private and Personal Use Only

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prAcIna bhAratIya karasihati Arthika vikAsa sAdhavA aMge mArgadarzana ApatAM jaNAve che. ke "upayogI vRkSanA vikAsa ADe avarodhe UbhA karatAM nakAmAM vRkSone kApI nAkhIne upayogI nA vikAsane mArga mokaLo kara joIe." A udAharaNane bodhapATha laIne zAsana karanAre rAjyanA Arthika vikAsa ADe AvanArA sAmAjika saMgharSone DAmI devA mATe tamAma tAkAta vAparavI joIe. che. sa. yunivarsiTI, rAjakoTa-360005 * tA. 25, 26, 27 nave. 1988 daramyAna kalakattA mukAme jAyela guja, Iti. parisadanA 15 mA adhivezanamAM vaMcAyele nibaMdhaH 26-11-88 pAnAM (I. sa. 1971thI 1983 daramyAna dalito para thayelA atyAcAronA akhabAromAM prasiddha thayelA samAcAronI kApalIone saMgraha karIne ene AdhAre lamaNabAI rUDAbhAI cauhANe "dalitadamananI dAstAna" nAmanuM pustaka, tulazIvADA, muMbaIthI 1985 mAM prasiddha karyuM che temAM ApavAmAM AvelI vigatone upayoga A lekhamAM karyo che. e pustakane AdhAre ja akhabAranAM nAma tathA tArIkha ahIM noMdhavAmAM AvyAM che.) 1. janasaMdeza, tA. pa-7-1965, uparyukta pustaka pR. 21 2. jayahiMda, tA. 24-5-1979, , , 5, 27 3 mustAka alI tathA caMdrakAMta upAdhyAya, gujarAtanA harijana', bhA. 3, gujarAta vidyApITha. amadAvAda, 1985, 5, 164 [A pustaka TAIpa kareluM che. emAM 1986-84 nA speziyala kopenanTa plAna heThaLa AvarI levAyelAM saurASTranA badhA ja jillAnAM gAme sahita kula 34 gAmane sAmAjika ane Arthika abhyAsa karavAmAM AvyuM che.] 4. janakti , tA. 13-8-1973, uparyukta pustaka, pR. 38 5, bhogIlAla gAMdhI, harijananI samasyAo, dharmAntarasamasyA (pariprekSya), vizvamAnava, saMskAra zikSaNa TrasTa, vaDodarA, 1982, 5. 11 thI 13 6. janmabhUmi, tA. 16--1908, uparyukta pustaka, pR. 82 tathA janmabhUmi pravAsI. tA. 21-4-78, , , pR. 82 sthApanA tA. 11-10-27 . phena : 553291/558350. dhI baraDA sITI ke-opareTiva benka, li. ji. ophisa saMsthAvasAhata, rAvapurA, vaDodarA-390001 zAkhAo H 1. saradArabhavana, jyubilI bAga pAse, Te. naM. 541824. 2. paththarageTa pAse, Te. naM. 541931 3. phategaMja, carcanI sAme, Te. naM. 329764 4. saradAra chAtrAlaya, kArelIbAga, Te. naM. 64812 5. jahtanAkA pAse, geravA, vaDodarA dareka prakAranuM beniga kAmakAja karavAmAM Ave che. manejara kAMtibhAI DI. paTela maMtrI : caMdrakAMtabhAI cu. paTela pramukha: kIkAbhAI paTela gara/1990 For Private and Personal Use Only

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kacchanAM rudrANuM mAtA zrI manasukha svAmI saurASTranI senA sarakhI dharatIne mAthe senAne mugaTa jema ze te karacha paMthaka Aje paNa prema bhakti ane AzarA-dhamane ujALa zobhI rahyo che. kacchanI dharatI purANI che, jyAM nArAyaNa sarovara, zrI AzApurI mAtAne maDha, zrI ravecI mAtA, mahAmAyA zrIrudrANInI jagyA temaja satI saMto ane jesala-telanI jyAM samAdhio pUjAya che tevI aMjAra nagaranI ronaka kaMI ora che. bhU iDuMgare paNa Agavo ItihAsa jALavate karachamAM zobhI rahyo che. jyAM saMta zrImekaNadAdAne sevA-premane radeza guMjI rahyo che tevI kacchanI dhIMgI dharatI ane tyAM premALa hetavA LA sAdagIbharyA mANasenuM Atithya Aje paNa jagajAhera che. evI kacchI bhomakAmAM sevA prema ane bhaktine ja ATheya pira pavitra raNakAra thAya che tevI zrI radrA-jAgIra ane khu yAtrAdhAma darzanIya che. zrIrudrANI mahAmAyAnI jagyA vize ahIM saMkSipta darzana karIzuM. - zrIrudrANImAtA yAtrAdhAma : karachanI tamaya dharatI para aneka tIrthasthAne zobhI rahyAM che, jemAM kacchanA mukhya zahera bhUjathI bAreka ki. mI. dUra uttare suMdara yAtrAdhAma-zrIrudrANImAtAnI jagyA Avela che. kacchamAM AjathI paNa baso varSonI AsapAsa A zrIrudrANI-jAgIra jagyA kevI rIte agratA banI ene bhUtakALa jotAM ahIM cAra zaktipIThemAM zrI AzApUrA rudrANI vecI ane zrImahAmAyAnI jUnI jagyAo hatI temAM zrI rudrANInI jagyane prakAzamAM lAvanAra mahAna zaktisvarUpa zrIzyAmagirijI karIne eka mAtAjI thaI gayAM teo nAnapaNathI ja bhaktine paMtha vahAle karIne satesAdhuonI sevA karatAM hatAM. zrIzyAmagirijIne saMsAra khAre dava lAgato hato. te parabhavanAM kaI avadhUtANI hatAM, chatAM mAvatare dIkarInI jAtane cAra maMgaLa pherA pheravI patigRhe vidAya karyA, paraMtu vidhAtAe lekha nekha lakhelA....A te kaI zaktine aMza hatAM. kahevAya che ke rastAmAM kaMthakoTa sAsare pahoMcyAM tyAM bUjhiye vAge..bahAravaTiyAo kaMthakeTanI gavarI gAye laIne bhAgatA hatA. tyAM zrIzyAmagirinA zaravIra patie pANI kADhI ane bahAravaTiyA sAme pAdaramAM jabaruM dhIMgANuM thayuM, patie gALone mukta karAvI.....paNa dhIrekSAgarinA pati kAma AvI gayA. haju te patinuM mukha joyuM na hatuM tyAM bALavidhavA thayAM. ThAkarane gamyuM te kharuM....ane ravecI mAtAnA gaDhamAM zrI mastagiri nAmanA saMtane guru mAnI kaMThI baMdhAvI ane bhajana karavA lAgyAM. zrIzyAmagirijI rUpALAM ane juvAna vaye hatAM eTale keTalAMka abhAgiyAM game tema belavA lAgyAM. zrIzyAmagirijIne khUba ja lAgI AvyuM ane himAlayanI vATe eka sevaka sAthe yAtrAe upaDI gayAM. badarInArAyaNa pahoMcyAM. kahevAya che ke tyAM jagajananI ATha bhujAvALAM mAtA aMbAjInA zrIzyAmagirine Adeza maLe ke "beTA! tuM kacchamAM pAchI jA ane tArA hAthe zaktinuM sthApana thaze. tAruM jIvanakArya haju bAkI che mATe tyAM pAchI phara...!" zrIzyAmagirie kacchamAM vAgaDanAM zrI ravecI mAtAnAM darzana karyA. mArgamAM aMtarAtmAne avAja Avyo. zrI ravecI mAtAnuM zikharabaMdha maMdira bAMdhavA mATe jamInamAMthI khUba dhana prApta thayuM ane zrIzyAmagirijIne bhaktipratApa phelAye. oNgasTa/1990 For Private and Personal Use Only

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kacachanA mahArAva zrI bhAra malajIne rAjana maLeluM, paNa manamAM azAMti hatI tethI e vakhatanAM zrIzyAmagirijI mAtAnA caraNe mAM gayA ane mAtAjIe rAjavInI arzAti TADI tethI vadhu zraddhA jAgI ane bhUjamAM haMmeza mATe rahevA vinaMtI karI. zrIzyAmagirijIe bhUjathI uttare 12 ki.mI. dUra garama bhabhuti nALiyera cUMdaDI ane trizuLanI eMdhANI batAvI tyAM jagyAnI sthApanA karI ane khArI mIThI ane kAMIe nadInA triveNI saMgame zrIrudrA mAtAnI sthApanA karI, kacchanA rAjavIe A pavitra jagyAne jAgI na jema pada ApyuM. rudra kahetAM be lenAtha ane drANI kahetAM mAtA zrI pArvatI tarIke vaMdanIya che. kacchanA zrIbhAramalajIe rAjyamAMthI ethe bhAga dhArmika jagyA zrIrudrANI mATe jAgIranI padavI tarIke arpaNa karyo. ahIM zrIrANI mAtAnuM zikharabaMdha maMdira, zrIruddezvara mahAdeva, zrI lakSmInArAyaNa, zrInAgadevatAnuM maMdira, zrIrAMdala mAtA ane zrIbhairavadevanI sthApanA karavAmAM AvI che. eTale zrIjalArAma bApAnuM maMdira paNa thayuM che. mArA pitAnA bhAI ladhubhAnI yAdamAM pALa paNa tyAM Ubhe karyo che (I. sa. 1814 AsapAsa), drANI-jAgIrane vikAsa khUba ja thaze ane rAjayAzraya paNa jyAM sudhI maLe tyAM sudhI jAgIra pragatizIla rahI. samayanI raphatAramAM kacchanA mahArAvo asta pAmatAM ane AjhadI AvyA pachI jagyAmAM thoDI oTa AvI, paNa jAgIranA hAlanA mahaMtazrI khImagiri bApue eka tejasvI juvAna tapasvI dhameM garijIne i. sa. 1981 mAM gAdI para besADavA. mArudrANI jagyAnAM mULa sthApaka mAtA zrIzyAmagirijI pachI anukrame zrIzivagirijI, zrI kezavagirijI, zrIbuddhigiri che, zrI kezavagirijI bI ja, zrIsaMtagirijI, zrI mAyAgirijI, zrIdavAlagirijI, zrImamavAnAMgarejI ane hAla I. sa. 1981 pachI zrI dharmedragirijI che. zrIdharmedragirijInI anekavidha pravRttio: kacacha jevA pachAta paMthakamAM aneka vAra dAkaLa paDhe che tethI moTI rANInA mahaMtazrI dharmedragirijIe anekavidha sevAdAyI pravRtti e zarU karI che, emAM eka tejasvI gIraja saMta che. lekaka9yANa ane jana-jAgRti mATe jagyAnuM TrasTa karyuM che. AjanA yuga pramANe eo garIbone sahAyabhUta thavuM, mUMgA pazuonI sevA karavI, bhUkhyAne bhajana tema AvyAne Azaro Apava, e rIte eo drANInI jagyAno saMtabApu ke pIrabApu tarIke prakhyAta che. duSkALanAM varSomAM Thera Thera keTala-kepa kholIne hajAro rene emaNe pitAnAM yatI-sevako ane kArya karanA sahayoge sAcavelAM ane sarakAra temaja zrI dIpacaMda gAdI jevA dAnavIrene AvA kAryomAM sevA karavA AjJA karelI zrI dharmedragirijInI sevA-pravRttithI gujarAta sarakAra ane sevAbhAvI dAnavIroe rAjIpe anubhavyuM che. zrI dharmagiribApu darzana zAstra sAthe pIeca. DI. thayA che eTale Dabala grejyueTa kakSAnA saMta keLavaNInAM dhArmika kAryo samAjasevA khetI, pazupAlana ane prAgya-Areya pravRttinA jotiSa gaNAya che. sukhI dAnavIroe A jagyAnI mulAkAta laIne, bhAratIya saMskRtinAM svarUpa zrIrudrANImAtAnI jagyAe madada karIne puranuM bhAtuM kamAvA jevuM che. mahaMtazrI giranAramAM aTala akhADAmAM suMdara vyavasthA jALave che. Aje temAM eo krAMtikArI ane sevA pravRttinA agresara gaNAya che. zrIravANImAtAnI vizALa jagyA Aje karachanI dharatI para sevAdAyI pravRttithI zobhI rahI che. ke hAIskUla, vIranagara-360060 gaTa/1990 * 23. For Private and Personal Use Only

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rASTrane svAtaMtryasaMgrAma ane mahesANuM jillA [ gatAMka pa. 3ra thI ] zrI dAjasiMha zivasiMha vAghelA maMDaLanA sabhya zrI tulasIbhAI kAntibhAI maMgubhAI harajIvanabhAI rAmajIbhAI vageree bhegA maLIne UMjhAnA dhanavAna vaNika zrI budhAlAla zAhanA apaharaNanI yojanA goThavI. A mATe raNachoDabhAI tathA harajIvanabhAI paTelanI netAgIrI nIce eka TukaDI UMTa gheDA vagere sAthe gAmanI bahAra taLAvanI najIka AvI. rAmajIbhAI budhAlAlane ghera gayA hatA ane emAM svAtaMtrya-caLavaLanI vAta karatA karatA budhAlAlane taLAvanI pALa upara nakkI karelA sthaLe laI AvyA hatA. janA pramANe prathama rAmajIbhAIne upADayA ane pachI budhAlAlane upADavA AvyA eTale budhAlAle bUma, pADI. bAjumAM hanumAnajInI daherI hatI temAM e ja divase eka bA Ave ane e bAvAe bUmAbUma karI ke khUna he rahA hai...e vakhate bAjunA ramazAnamAM mANasa madu bALavA AvyA hatA te bUmAbUma sAMbhaLIne doDI AvyA ane yojanA niSphaLa jatAM eone bhAgI javuM paDyuM. A bAbate pivIsa-phariyAda thaI. polIsane apaharaNane banAva bane tyAMthI khaMjara ane seTI maLelAM tethI bhayaMkara banAva banyAnI zaMkA thaI. rAmajIbhAI budhAlAlane ghera gayelA tyAre emanI thelI tyAM rahI gayelI, A thelImAM bebIne ghera dhoyelI eka chetI hatI te polIsane maLI. A chetInA dhabInA nizAna uparathI A tI rAmajIbhAInI che evuM polIse zodhI kADhayuM. rAmajIbhAI pATaNanI paTela bekiMgamAM rahetA hatA ane enI bAjumAM rahetA ghebI pAse emaNe dharatI dhavaDAvela hatI. polIsane je khaMjara maLI AvyuM hatuM te laIne e pATaNa gaI ane jo e khaMjara banAvyuM hatuM te luhArane pUchayuM, A khaMjara koNe banAvaDAvyuM hatuM ? luhAre javAba Apyo ke paTela borDiganA kAI vighAthIoe banAvaDAvyuM che. A jaNAvyuM tethI polIsanI zaMkA daDha thaI ke paTela beDi 'ganA vidyArthIo A kAvatarA sAthe saMkaLAyelA che. AthI polIse pATaNanI paTela borDiga ane vaDodarAnI Arya saMgaThana pragati maMDaLanI mukhya aiphise ekI sAthe daroDA pADayA. vaDodarAnI mukhya ophisarSa, maMDaLanA hisAbe ane sabhyonA nAmo vagere maLI AvyA, AthI polIse enA uparathI tulasIbhAInI pATaNathI ane kAntibhAInI vahedarAnI mukhya oNphisethI gharapakaDa karI. A ajhA kAvatarA kesa" mahesANA sezansa korTamAM tA. 16-10-42 thI tA. 18-10-ra sudhI cAlyo hato. A kesamAM phariyAdI tarIke budhAlAla lalubhAI vANiyA hatA ane tahematadAra tarIke kAnitabhAI vyAsa sAthe 11 jaNe hatA, lagabhaga 12 tahematadAra pharAra thaI gayA hatA. Are pIene traNa varSa, eka varSa, cha mAsa ema judI judI sajAo thaI hatI. paisA meLavavAnA hetu mATe bubAlAlanA apaharaNanI pejanA karI, paNa e niSphaLa jatAM "UMjhA kAvatarA kesa" sarjA, jenAthI maMDaLanI gupta pravRttio chatI thaI hatI. jillAnA AgevAne jelamAM jatAM hiMsaka pravRtti maMda paDI gaI, paNa janatAe vividha rIte ahiMsaka adilanamAM bhAga lIdhe ke daphatarabhaMDAra, gulAbabAga pAse, gAMdhInagara-382017 ogasTa 19 pathiA For Private and Personal Use Only

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ela gaurAMga kiMvA kahevAtA Aryo(?)nuM mUla sthAna [guja, anuvAda) - sva. zrI. epha. I. pAri prakaraNa 14 mAmAM batAvavAmAM AvelI paraMparAgata praNAlI (tradition) pramANe ela" athavA "Aryoe prayAga (allAhAbAda)mAM AraMbha karyo ane vAyavya koNa, pazcima dizA tathA dakSiNa dizAmAM vistaryA tathA yathAti rAjAnA samaya sudhImAM madhya deza tarIke jANItA pradeza upara nizcita rIte sattA jamAvI lIdhI. emaNe A bhaya bhUbhAgane nizcita rIte kabajo jamAvyuM ane saMpUrNa rIte pitAne banAvA lAdhe, jevI ene sara che. privarsana bhASAkIya dRSTie jaNAve che te pramANe pUrNapaNe pitAne ja karI lIdhuM. e pachI paMjAba ane pUrva aphaghAnistAna, pazcima bhAratavarSa ane vAyavya bhAgane dAkSaNane pradeza, pUrva ane dakSiNa bihAra tathA baMgAla sudhI nizcita rIta ee AgaLa vadhyA. ciyarsane jena bAharvatu lInI bhASAnA pradeza kahyA che, bhASAkIya daSTie Aryoe te deza upara varcasa jamAvI lIdhuM hatuM. evuM paNa batAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke ayodhyAnuM rAjya alavaMzathI anya jIdA vAnuM hatuM ane elae ane tAbe karyuM nahotuM, mAtra enA para vaga jamAvI hatI. trivesana bhASAkIya dRSTae je tAravaNI karI che tene A barAbara maLI rahe che ke ayodhyAnA pradezamAM A ja prakAranI bhASAnuM sAme traNa thayeluM jovA maLe che; bezaka, ahIM mukhya pradezanI bhASA pazcima ane dakSiNamAM damULa thayelI che to A pradezamAM nathI. - Ama paraMparAgata praNAlI vyakta karI Ape che te pramANe rAjakIya hakIkata giyarsananA bhASAkIya saMzodhanane nizcitapaNe baMdha besI rahe che ane bhASAkIya vigatane saLa rIte ane pUrNa rIte samajhAve che. e hakIkatAna samajhAvavAne mATe sAmata AbakAma "vAyavya koNamAMthI onA AkramaNane mAtra siddhAMta tarAka sakAratuM ja nahI, be vAra AkramaNa thavAnuM kahe che ane maMtagya e che ke "maya pradezanA rahevAsIo vAyavya khUNA taraphathI bhAratIya AryAnA chellAmAM chellA AkramaNane rajU kare che? ana e ka chalAnA chevA Akramaka agAnA navamA AvI vaselAone pUrva dakSiNa ane pazcimanA pradezomAM hAkI kAdI emanA kabajAnA pradevamAM ghusI gayA.' A maMtavya svayaM ja asaMbhavita che ane pahelA tathA bIjA agatako vacce sakhata ane bhISanuM saMgharSa thayA hovA tarapha laI jAva, jene paDave pAra parika praNAlImAM paDavA joIe, kAraNa ke e bhAratavarSanA hRdayamAganI sAthe saMbaMdha dharAve, Ama chatA e koI saMgharSa thayAnuM sarvathA jANavAmAM AvyuM nathI. pAra parika praNAlI pramANe enA sarvayA jarUra nathI. vaLI, pachInA prakaraNamAM batAvavAmAM Avaze te pramANe, gaMgA jamanAnA uparanA AbamAM ane medAnI vistAramAM rAja karI gayelA bhArata rAjAne vaMzajo nIce UbhA thayelA brAhmadharmanA meTA vikAsanA samayamAM jAvedane mATe bhAga racavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. priyananA jaNAvyA pramANe vedanA bhASA uparanA dabAbAnI prAcIna belAne mUta karI Ape che ane e e pradeza hatA ka javAM Arya bhASA taddana zuddha svarUpamAM hatI ane javAMthI e bahAranA pradezomAM vistarI hatI. chele sudyumna ane uttara 3 tathA ki puruSa vacce koI saMbaMdha che ane priyasana muMDAbhASA tathA "sarvanAmaka svarUpa pAmelA himAlayanI bhASAo vacce je saMbaMdha jue che tenI sAthe meLa batAve che, eTale dareka vigatamAM bhAjapa ne purA porANika ahevAla sAthe meLa khAya che, je pAraMparika praNAlInI kiMmatanI majabUta sAbitI che. pathika garI 90 For Private and Personal Use Only

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che H A prakArano nirNaya prazna khaDo kare che. e kiMvA 'A'ne mULanA viSayamAM pAraMparika praNAlI zuM kahe che? e aisattA prayAgamAM zarU thayAnuM kahe che ane Ama chatAM e bhAratavarSanI bahAranA pradezamAMthI AvyA ! pUrNa puruSa purUravA ene lagatI anuzrutie legends) ane daSTAMta kathAo (fables) badhIye ene mahimAcala pradeza sAthe joDe che. e gaMdha sAthe nikaTatAne saMbaMdha dharAvatA hatA. enI patnI uva zI gaMdharvakanyA hatI, sAthesAtha "akharo' paNa kahevAtI hatI. e vAraMvAra mulAkAta letA hatA te sthAne paNa maMdAkinI nadI, alakA (nagarI), catraratha ane naMdana vana, gaMdhamAdana ane meru parvate tathA gaMdharvonI gaNatI hatI tevI uttara kurunI bhUmi hatAM. gaMdharvo pAsethI ene yattiya agni maLe hatA, enAM putra gaMdharvotI duniyAmAM jANItA hatA ane Akhare e gadharvonI sAthe joDAI gayo hate. AgaLa jatAM enA janma sAthe saMkaLAyelI dRSTAMtakathAo e pradeza tarapha AMgaLI cIMdhe che ane be ahevAle IlAvatIne nAma ApanAra Aropita pitA "i" sAthe ene joDe che ke have A kathAe pIrANika (mythical) che ane atyAre pAraMparika praNAlI (tradition) pitAnA muLa vadhI pahoce che tyAra porANika banI jAya che, Ama chatAM A porANika kathAo embI kalpanAomAMthI bhAgyeja jokaLA AvI hoya che ane satyanA keI bIjamAMthI vikasI AvI hoya che. A kathAbo cekaapa broca kare che ke purUravAnuM mULa sthAna uttara taraphanA pradezamAM hatuM ane A e hakIkata sAthe baMdha bese che tathA spaSTa karI Ape che ke madhya-himAlayanI aMdaranA ane uparanA pradezanI bhUbhAga bhAratIyane mATe pavitra bhUmi rahyA che. bhAratIya praNAlI koI aila' ke 'Arya AkramaNa vize tyAM kaMI krAmaka AgekUca vize kazuM ja jANatI navA. vaTa paNe, e taddana spaSTa rIte nAzvata kare che ke kuyuone eka bahAra vahetA "la" (='Arva) pravAha vAvya khathI upara taraphanA uttara-pazcimanA) dazo tarapha gayA hatA ke jayA jaIne emaNe aneka rAjyo sthAmAM ane tyAnA vAsIomAM potAnA bhAstAva dharmanA praveza karAvyA. (A pUrva pR, 26 mAM pATira A jaNAvyuM ja che.) vAva khUSAnI sImAna kadAye kAI prAcIna pavitra smAta na hatI ke enA tarara kadI koI Adara bhAva na hatA. baSI ja prAcIna bhAratIya mAnyatA ane AdarabhAva eka mAtra mULa bahAranA pavitra bhAma-bhavana himAlaya pradezana uddezIna hatA tathA a vA ja hatu ke je tarapha jAo ane rAjavIoe bhaktibhAvavA potAnA paga vALyAM had, kadIya vAyavya khUNu tarapha nAha. vRdanA maMDaLa 10mAnA sUkta 75, [gayA 5 ane 6, jaya ga ga yamunA sarasvatI studdhi (satalaja) paruSNa asiphanI vitastA(biyAsa) sukAnA sidhu ku( kabUla) genatA ane kubu amo tyA Apale nadIonA krama pUrva dizAthI 1.5zva khUNA taraphanA che,-vAyavya khUNA taraphathI praveza nahi, paraMtu UlaTe. je "Ayo vAyavya khUNA taraphathI bhAratavarSanA dAkhala thayA hatA ane jyAre saMvedanA sUktanI racanA thaI tyAre bahu te sarasvatI ka jamanA sudhI pajAbamAM thaIne pUrva bAju AgaLa vadhyA hota to, e navAInI vAta che ke, sUta nadIona AyenI e prakAranI AgekUcane anusaratI nahiM, paraMtu jathI hajI bhAgyeja paho hAtha te ga gAvA ulaTA krame batAvI rahyuM che, A vastu alAnA vistaraNanA mArga sAthe ane ala'nA vAvava khUNAnA uparanA bhAga tarapha jatA pravAhanI sAthe vadhu sArI rIte meLa khAya che. sukAnA kartAe kadAca karyuM haze te pramANe e, Ama chatAM, gaMgAthI zarU karI vAyavya khUNA tarapha pravAsa karavA cAhatA koInA A mArga hatA." (gayA prakaraNamAM batAvyA pramANe) vaLI, 26 augara-1 pathika For Private and Personal Use Only

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sudAsanA dAzarAjJa-yuddhane bhAratavaSa mAM mAryAM vAyavya khUNethI AvyA enI sAthe karo| ja sabaMdha nathI, kAraNa ke e uttara pAMcAlanA 'ala'vaMzane rAjavI hatA. ane 'ale' ( eTale ke Ak' e) susanA samayathI kAMya pUrvenA samayamAM bhAratavaSa~nA uttaranA pradezamAM AvyA hatA tathA enA upara sattA jamAthI lIdhelI hatI. me te! paMjAbamAM pazcima bAju sudAsanA vijayane eka magna hateA. A jAtanA nirNayanI sAthe meLa khAtI vigato A pachInA prakaraNamAM jovA maLaze. RgvedamAM nadIo vizenA ullekhathI ema mAnI levAnI jarUra nathI ke e samaye Aye'ne bhAratavarSa (AkhA)nI bhUgALanuM jJAna hatuM, kAraNe ke siMdhu ane sarasvatIne vAraMvAra ullekha karavAmAM AvyA che tyAre bhAratanA uttara bhAganI khIjI nadIo vize eka vAra, be vAra ke traNa vAra sivAya vadhu ullekha thayelA jotrAmAM AvatA nathI. e sadeha-rahita che ke sidhu nadIe enI asAmAnya la'bAIne lIdhe ane sarasvatIe enI pavitratAne kAraNe AkarSaNa karyuM hatuM. enu sabaLa kAraNa e hatuM ke sarasvatI hastinApuranA bharatava`zanA rAjanA pradezamAM hatI te, mA pachInA prakaraNamAM batAvavAmAM Avaze te pramANe, RgvedIya brAhmaNadhamatA vikAsa (pajAmamAM hi) e rAjavIonA samayamAM thaye hatA. Rgvedane sarayU nadInI jANuM che ane sade karavAne kazuM ja kAraNa nathI ke e yeAdhyAnA pradezanI nadI che. jo vaTavRkSa lUNu ane pAriyAtra-girimALA (aravallInI par3hADI) jyAM vartamAna mAnyatA pramANe 'Aye!' cesa jai pahecyA hatA e bhaulika vastu vagere vize Rgvedane jANu nathI enAthI Rgvene e vize kazI jANa nahetI ema kahI zakAya ema nathI, pAra'parika praNAlI ane paurANika gAthA Ama sIdhesIdhuM sUcana kare che ke 'ale' (yAne Ak) madhya-himAlayanA pradezamAMthI bhAratavarSamAM dAkhala thayA ane vAyavya sarahada tarakanu valaNa e bAjuthI kAI AkramaN AvyAnI vAtane Teka Apatu nathI, A ghaNI teMdhapAtra hakIkItA che. paurANika gAthA uttare AvelA 'ikSAvRtta' pradezanuM sUcana kare che ke jyAMthI ele AvyA hatA, purUravAnuM 'ala' nAma RgvedamAM Ave che ane manunI putrI ilA hovAnI vAtanA karatAM vadhu prAcIna haivAnuM jaNAya che, ilA' uparathI 'ela' sattA AvI haeNAya e batAvavA A kathAnaka gAThavavAmAM AvyAnu lAge che, ila' ane 'ilAvRta' vaccene! sUcita sabadha prAcIna heI zake ane e vizvAsa upajAve teve che. A saMbaMdhamAM e nedhI zakAya ke 'ilA'nA puruSarUSa tarIke jANele! 'sudyumna' kipuruSa hevAnuM kahevAya che ane Akhare IbrAvRtamAM jaI raDele (jenA nAma uparathI 'chatravRta' deza nAma thayuM.) ki puruSone e ja uttara pradezamAM mUkavAmAM AvelA, tathA tA maurANika gAthA sudyumnanA va'zate e pradeza sAthe sAMkaLe che, tA keTalAMka purANamAM uttara kuru pradeza sAthe. tethI te 'ele' (yAne 'Arya') vAyavya khUNethI bhAratavarSImAM dakhala thayA na hAya te pAra...parika praNAlI ane nirNaya sUcita thayuM che teneA vicAra karatAM, atyAra sudhInuM je gRhIta tarIke svIkAravAmAM AvyuM hatu. te badhA vicArAne ApaNe dUra "kelI devA joie. medhAjhakejImAMthI maLI AvelA dvittAita rAjavI ane mitAnInA rAjavI vacce thayelA, kAlakarAvai| A vastu upara vadhu prakAza pADe che." pre. yAAkhIe jyAna doryu che e pramaNe e karArA cokkasa devAnI vAta kare che, je mitra varuNa iMdra ane nAsatya(azvinIkumAra) sivAyanA bIjA koI nathI. A bhAratIya A deza che ane pre. yAkreAkhIe batAvyuM che ke (va mAna maMtavya pramANe ) bhAratIya ane irAnI zAkhAo judI paDI e pUrvenA samayanA heI zake nahi. kAlakarAronA samaya vizvAsapAtra rIte aMdAje I. pU. 1400 AsapAsanA cokkasa karavAmAM AvyA che ane tethI A pathika oNgasTa/199 27 For Private and Personal Use Only

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mAM mAnanAra mitAnIone samUha tyAM enAthI pUrve AveluM hatuM, zakaya rIte I. pU.nI 16 mI sadImAM. A hakIkata siddha karI Ape che ke (1) I. pU. paMdaramI sadI pahelAM bhAratavarSamAthI prajAne pravAha e bAju Avyo hate, (2) e bhAratIya devane bhAratavarSamAMthI lAvyA hatA, tethI (3) Aryo ane emanA deva I. 5. soLamI sadInI pUrve astitvamAM hatA, ane (4) "A" e samayathI paNa pUrve bhAratavarSamAM dAkhala thayA hatA, A hakIkate ane nirNaye "AryonA bhArata varSanA vAyavya khUNAnA pradezamAMnA praveza ane vedanAM sUktonI racanA vizenI vartamAna mAnyatA sAthe meLa khAtAM nathI. paraMtu A hakIkata ane nirNaye bhAratavarSanA vAyavya khUNAthI vadhu uparanA pradezamAM dhuonA vistaraNa vize kahenArI pAraMparika praNAlInI sAthe barAbara meLa khAya che, kAraNa ke e samaya vaMzAvalI. enA kAThAmAMnA 40mA aMkanA samyamAM AvI rahe che, je bhAratayuddhanA I. pU. 950 nA samaya karatAM 55 peDhI eTale vahe cheApaNe je dareka peDhInAM 12 varSa gaNiye te e pravAha 96+ 60, eTale ke Azare I. 5 1600 AsapAsa zarU thayo hoya ane kime krame bhAratIya devanAM darzana I. pU. 1400 nA kelakarAro thayAnA samaya sudhImAM vistaryo hoya. pAraMparika praNAlI batAve che ke ' yAne 'A' enAthI paNa pahelAMnA samayamAM uttara bhAratavarSamAM dAkhala thayA hatA ane "huone pravAha (utta--pazcimanA dezamAM) AgaLa vadhe tyAM sudhImAM enA vadhu meTA bhAgamAM sattA jamAvI lIdhI hatI. purUravAthI laI bhArayuddha sudhInI dara peDhIone hisAbe gaNiye te e ja gaNatarIe 950+1104 eTale ke I. 5. 2050 AsapAsa AvI rahe. bhAratIya pAraMparika praNAlI ane pelA kAlakarAramAMnI hakIkate Ama saMpUrNa rIte meLa khAya che ane pUrvanI hakIkata pachInI hakIkatane sAda ane pUrato khulAso pUro pADe che. A bhAratIya pAraMparika praNAlIne purAvo che ane e evuM batAve che ke vaMzAvalIo vAstavika che ane vaMzAvalIone lagatI aMdAjI gaNatarI mATenuM bekhuM pUruM pADe che. tyAM praveza pAmelA kukSuoe pitAnA devone zuddha rIte jALavI rAkhyA, paraMtu rAjavIo emanI bhASA sAthe bhAratavarSathI jema jema vadhu alaga paDaze tema tema emaNe pitAnAM nAmamAM pheraphAra karyo.8 vaLI, ApaNe pracalita mAnyatAne ravIkArie te kalakarAne AdhAre lIdhelA uparanA nirNayane - enI jarUra raheze ke nirNata karelA bhAratIya-IrAnI samayane I. pU. seLamI sadI karatAM ghaNuM vahele laI javo paDe, enuM pariNAma e Ave ke e mAnyatA bhAgyeja TakI zake. uparanI pAraMparika (praNAlI sUcave che ke e va keI samaya hoya ja nahi ane vaLI e ke IrAnIe bhAratavarSane ja kAMTo hoya. kAraNa ke bhAratavarSamAMthI bahAra javAne kAraNe thayele vistAra kelakarAramanA bhAratIya nAmavALA devo ane IrAnI jevAM nAma dharAvatA rAjavIone ja mAtra khyAla Ape che, eTaluM ja nahi, paraMtu IrAnInA Ugama tarapha paNa derI jAya che. jevI rIte cAlu mAnyatA pramANe te ja rIte A prakAre paNa irAnanA bhASAkIya ane dhArmika taphAvatane samajhAvI zakAya. mArI mAnyatA pramANe vaidika sAhitya A bhAratavarSanA vAyavya khUNethI AvyAnuM kAI paNa kahetuM nathI. A daSTibiMduthI vicAra karavAmAM Ave te zaMkA nathI ke avedamAMthI dalIle jodhI kADhI zakAya, paraMtu je agAuthI dhArI lIdhelA vicArone bAjue mUkI devAmAM Ave ane etihAsika pAraMparika praNAlInI daSTie sakatonI kasoTI karavAmAM Ave che, huM dhAruM chuM ke, pAraMparika praNAlIgata ogasTa 1990 pathika For Private and Personal Use Only

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itihAsanI sAthe kharekhara meLa na khAya tevuM e sUktomAMthI kAMi nahi maLe ane tethI moTA bhAganI spaSTatA thaI rahe che. vaLI, pAraMparika praNAlI AnI pavitra bhUmi madhya-himAlayanA pradezanI uttara bAjAnI zA mATe hatI e samajhAve che-evI hakIkata ke jenI pracalita mAnyatAne koI paravA nathI, IrAnane bhAratavarSa sAthe saMbaMdha evuM puravAra nathI karatA ke "" e dizAmAMthI bhAratavarSamAM dAkhala thayA hoya, kAraNa ke evuM svIkAravA jatAM, hamaNAM ja upara batAvyuM te pramANe, "huonA bahAranI bAjunA pravAhanA viSayamAM taddana zakya khulAsAne ulaTAvI nAkhavAnI paristhiti UbhI thAya. IrAnIothI jadA paDyA pachI vAyavya khUNAnA pradezamAM thaIne 'A'e bhAratavarSa upara AkramaNa karyuM hatuM ane be pravAhamAM dAkhala thayA e pracalita mAnyatAne nIce AvatI hakIkate ane gaNatarIene sAmane karavo paDaze ane ene dhyAnamAM levI paDaze : (1) bhAratIya pAraMparika praNAlIne AvA kazA vize jANa nathI, (2) vAyavyanA pradezane ane paMjAbane prAcIna mULa thAna tarIke Adara athavA khAsa mAnane pAtra gaNavAmAM AvyA nathI. (3) prAcInatama le (A) ane emanI bhAratavarSamanI zarUAtanuM taddana juduM varNana ApatA viratRta ane nizcita ahevAla pAraMparika praNAlIe sAcavI rAkhyA che. madhya-himAlaya pradeza pavitra bhUbhAga hato ane zA mATe e have enI pelA ahevAla spaSTatA kare che. (5) e ahevAlo bhArata paranI "ailenI sattA para prakAza pADe che, jene kAraNe bhaugolika rIte, bhASAkIya dRSTie, tata satya rIte ane chatAM taddana spaSTa rIte (kAMI paNa chAnuM rAkhyA sivAya) e "Aryoe lIdhelA kabajAne baMdha besI jAya che. (6) pAraMparika praNAlI brAhmaNone mULamAM Aryetara saMsthA hovAnuM batAve che. zvedanAM prAcInatama sUkto A tara rAjAo ane RSionI racanA kahe che ane tene prAcInatamAM saMbaMdha pUrvanA pradeza sAthe ane nahi ke paMjAba sAthe banAve che, je have pachInA prakaraNamAM jovA maLaze. (7) A badhI vistRta pAraMparika praNAlIne jUThI rIte ghATa ApavAmAM Avyo hato; je vartamAna mAnyatA kharI heya te satya sadaMtara lupta thaI gayuM che. A saMbhavita che? (8) A badhI pAraMparika praNAlI jUhI che te zA mATe, kevI rIte ane konA hitamAM A badhuM galata UbhuM karavAmAM AvyuM ? (9) je e beTuM che te evuM zuM che ke upara batAvelo pAMcame muddo sAce che ? (10) bhAratIya pAraMparika praNAlI IrAnIonuM UlaTI rItanuM mULa batAve che ke je bobrAjhakeIna kAlakarAranI sAthe meLa khAya che ane je emanI bhASA ane dharmanI gaNatarImAM laI zake che "emanA prAcIna bhAratiya atihAsika pAraMparika praNAlI " : pAdaTIpa noMdha: pAne pAne zrI. pATire aneka pAdaTIpe aneka saMdarbho nodhI ApI che. e badhI ahIM anavAdamAM batAvavI jarUrI nathI, mAtra mahinAnI ne dhanA rUpanI che te ApavAmAM Ave che. 1. Ane eka ja apavAda "masyapurANa a. 1pa thI 120 mAM maLe che ke jyAM purUravAne pUrva janmamAM madra dezane rAjavI hovAnuM jaNAveluM che. 2. apavAdamAM eka mAtra kathA : e badhA gaMdharvakanyAone paraNyA hatA, Ayune nahi. kUrma - purANa 1-3-46 3. (pArjiTara 14 mAM prakaraNane AraMbha karI bIjA vAkyakhaMDamAM jaNAvyuM che ke, pAraMparika praNAlI svAbhAvika rIte paurANika gAthAthI zarU thAya che ane bhAratavarSamAnA prAcInatama paristhiti pathika oNgasTa/190 For Private and Personal Use Only

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samajhAvavA paurANika gAthA cAhe che tyAre badhA rAjavaMzane AraMbha vivasvAna(sUrya)ne putra manu vaivasvatamAMthI tArave che. e vAta traNa prakArathI kahevAmAM AvI che, jemAMnA bIje-trIjo prakAre pahelA karatAM vadhu sAmAnya che. AmAMnA pahelA prakAra pramANe manune dasa putra hatA, jemane mATe Ila' hatuM, je viyAtrAmAM nIkaLe tyAre zivanA zaravaNa' nAmaka sthAnamAM dAkhala thaze ane IlA'-rUpa strI banI gayo, kAraNa ke umAe zApa Apyo hato ke koI paNa puruSa-prANI A vanamAM dAkhala thaze te strI thaI jaze. IlAne caMdranA putra budha sAthe yauna saMbaMdha thaze ane purUsvA ela putra thaze. pachI zivanI kRpAthI "ilA kiM puruSa sudyumna' nAme banI-eka mahine puruSa ane eka mahine strI. bIjA prakAra pramANe, manune nava putro hatA ane dasamo putra thavA mitra ane varuNa(mitrAvaruNa)ne udezI yajJa karyo, paraMtu putrI IlAno janma thayo. ene budhane samAgama thayo ane purUravAne janma thayA. e pachI IlA puruSa thatAM 'ghu nAma thayuM. pelA zApane kAraNe e strInA rUpamAM AvI gaI. chelle zivanI kRpAthI eNe "sughukha' tarIke puruSatva prApta karyuM. - trIjo prakAra sAmAnya rIte uparanA bIjA prakArane maLe che, paraMtu je pheraphAra thaye te e budhanA samAgamamAM AvI e pahelAM. purUravA Ama budhathI Ila" ke "IlAmAM putrarUpe thaye e kathA vikasI ane purUravA ela tarIke vikhyAta thayo. suignane traNa putra hatA, jemAMnA be ukala ane gayA hatA tathA trIje hatiAdha ke vinAzva ke TUMkA nAme vinata hatA (pArjiTara : pR. 25-254) 4. aphaghAnistAnamAM thaI paMjAbamAM "AryonI Agekuca siddha karavA mATenI vaparAyelI dalIlane saraLa rIte ulaTAvI nakhAya. 5. suktane kartA siMdhukSita preyameTa e bharatavaMzI agnIdhane vaMzaja hato ke jeNe gaMgAnA pradezamAM rAjya karyuM hatuM. 6. prAcIna samayamAM rAjasthAnanuM raNa khUba chIcharo samudra hoya te sarasvatI emAM vahI jatI hatI. e vistAranI sapATI thoDI ja Uce AvI te samudra raNamAM palaTI gayo hoya ane sarasvatI nadIne asara karI heya. 7. devanAM nAme eka eka TAMchavAyAM AvatAM hoya to enuM khAsa mahatva na gaNAya, A cAra nAma sAthe ja AvelAM che e bhAratIya mULane saMyukta purA rajU kare che e rItanuM mahattava che. anuvAdakanI noMdha 8. A vAkayakhaMDamAM zrI pArsiTare purUravAno samaya bhAratayuddhanA emaNe mAnelA I.pU. 950 nA samayane keMdramAM rAkhI, peDhInAmAmAMnA 95 rAjavIone sarerAza zAsanakAla ApI i.pU. 2010 ne Ave che. emaNe emanA A graMthanAM pR. 178-183 mAM bhArata-yuddhane samaya nakkI karavAne sabaLa prayatna karyo che. AmAM nIcenI maryAdA emaNe caMdragupta mauryane zAsanakAla I.pU. 3rara mAM zarU thayAnuM nedhI enI pUrvanA dene samaya 100 varSane kahevAyelo che tene 80 varSo gaNI naMdane AraMbha I.pU. 402 mAM sUcavyuM che. mahAparva naMde satA I.pU. 402 mAM dhAraNa karI kahI pachI emaNe bhAratagaTa190 pathika 3 For Private and Personal Use Only

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yuddha sudhInA vibhinna rAjavaMzanA rAjavIonI paNa sarerAza kADhI, I pU. 402 ne sthAne I.pU. 382 sucavI I.pU. 950 batAvela che. emaNe eka ja vaMzanA sarerAza te te rAjavIne zAsanakAla kADhavAne badale mekAlIna rAjavaMzenI thoDI jhAjhI peDhIone ekabIjA rAjavaMzonI peDhIone sAthe meLavI sarerAza zAsanakAla kADhavAne prayatna karyo che. eka vastu ApaNI pAse che : viSNu purANa ane bhAgavatapurANamAM parIkSitanA janma ane mahApadma naMdanA zAsanakAla vacce 1050 ke 1015) varSa sUcavavAmAM AvyAM che e eka prAcIna puro ochAmAM ochA AjathI 16 00 varSa jUne vipu.ne che, jenuM ja bhAgavata anusaraNa kareluM che. A paNe I.pU. 38ra na svIkAratAM 32+100=I, pU. 4rara naMdane zAsanana! gaNiye ane 1050 ke 1015 varSa meriye te I.pU. 1472 ke 1437 parIkSitanA janmanuM varSa AvatAM bhAratane samaya I 5. 1473 ke 1438 Ave. zrI. pArjAi Tare bAra jeTalI vaMzAvalIo taiyAra karI ApI che temAM mAtra ayodhyAnI manuthI laI ka peDhI IrAkanI brahakSA sudhIno bhArata-yuddha aTakatI ApI che temAM 40 ane 66 nA ekanA be paDhI khAlI che. badhI vaMzAvalIomAM je kaMI rAja ke rAjAe bIjI bIjI vaMzAvalIemAMnA te te rAja ke rAjAonA samakAlIna jANavAmAM Avyo che tenA AdhAre samakAlanA aMka ApavAmAM AvyA che. (pR. 144-149). AmAM pArava arthAt puravAnI manuthI zarU karelI vaMzAvalImAM 21 thI 42, 4, 54 thI 62, 64 thI 68, ane 88 ATalA rAjavIonAM nAma jANavAmAM AthI nathI, zrI pATiranI A tAravaNI heya banI che. A 95 peDhAnAM varSa kellAM thAya e matabhedane viSava che. emaNe peDhAnI sarerAza 12 varSanI gaNe che. Ama karavA jatAM manu ja I.pU. 15ra mAM Ave, jayAre bhAratavRhane samaya I.pu. 1473 ke 1438 upara batAvyA pramANe Ave che. zrI paTarane batAvele I.. 9pa0ne samaya svIkAryo te I.pU. 2100 manune samaya Ave, pararavA ane Iku nAma apeDhamAM AvatAM hAI ane DaeN. meM lakhyusara vagerenA mate vedanA uttara maryAdA I.pU. 1500 AsapAsanI heDa uparanA baMne rAjavAena vedamAM ullekha AvA zake. dareka peDhI gaNAya che te pramANe 20 varSanI gaNavAmAM Ave che manu sudhI 1900 varSa Ave ane emAM 1473 ke 1438 umeravAmAM Ave te I.pU. 373 ke 3738 nA varSa Ave, te vedanA pUrva mayaM I.pU. 3000 varSa AsapAsa jAya, paraMtu polenDanA vidvAna kAbI bAdamAM AvatA khalIya nirdezathI I. pU. 4000 AsapAsano bAdanA samaya mUda che eTale pairANika pAtra mane bAjue rAkhavAmAM Ave toye aitihAsika rAjavIo purUravA ane vAyune I.pU. 4000 pahelAM laI javI paDe. hakIkatamAM ema lAge che ke pururavA ane IvA anukrame gaurAMga-caMdravaMzIne prathama ane pItAMga-vaMzIyAne prathama rAjavIe che ane ochAmAM ochAM I. pU. 4000 thI vadhu prAcIna samayamAM jaI rahyuM che. IkavAnI vaMzAvalI vaye 2 peDhInA tyAM tyAM khAMDa sAthe 95 nI che temAM ane paravAnI vaMzAvalI mAM te meTA khADA paDe che temAM aneka peDhIo lupta thaI gaI che ane lokone mATe rahI gayelAM nAma sacavAI rahelAM hatAM teone kramamAM purANee mUkI dIdhAM che eTale ApaNe bhArata-yuddhanA samayane AMkavAno prayatna karatAM thoDAM jhAjhA varSonA matabhede e meLavI zakiye, paraMtu ravIkArAyelA puravA IvAku vagere Adi etihAsika puruSone aMdAjI samaya paNa kADhI na zako. pathika ogasTa/1990 For Private and Personal Use Only

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Ama, ApaNI pAse thI pATira pramANe bhArata-yuddhane samaya Azare I. pU. 9pazrI. jayasvAlane samaya zrI. pArja Tare no che (pR. 185) te I. pU. 1424, viSNupurANa ane bhAgavata pramANe I.pU. 1473 ke 1438, bhAratIya pracalita mAnyatA pramANe I. pU. 3000 thI 3100 AsapAsa ATalI samayamayardI ApaNI sAme AvI paDI che ela ke "Arya': zrI pAjiTara pitAnA graMthamAM caMdravaMzIya "gaurAMga rAjavIone ila ke IzAnA putra purUravA alathI ela" vaMzanA kahe che. A "elamAMnA ja dhuvaMzanA keTalAka loka vAyavya khUNethI AgaLa vadhatA pazcima eziyA ane yuropamAM phelAI gayA te so paNa A rIte aila che. hai. maikasamUlarathI (1856 I. samAM) I upara batAvI te I pU. 1470 ke 1438 ane yuropiyana vi.ne A gaurAMga prajAne 'A' kahI purepanI badhI prajA AryakulanI kahetA rahyA. bezaka, 1888 mAM Do. mekasamUlare prajAne "bAya' na kahata Indapuropiyana bha vAlI je Akula' kahyuM. Ama chatAM atyAra sudhI repiyano ane emane anusarI bhAratIya vidvAno paNa "rA' uparAMta bhAratavarSanI (pItAMga" sahitanI) ujaLiyAta prajAne "Arya kahetA AvyA che. bhAratIya prAcInatama sAhitya-travedathI lai yurepiyane vaMza ke prajAnA vAcaka tarIke Arya" zabda kahevA lAgyA tya-sudhInA bhAratIya sAhityamAM "sAMskArika' "sabhya' e arthamAM ja e zabdane proga thayA karyA che. zrI aTira ela' zabda vyApaka rIte "saMgane mATe vAparyo che. asalamAM e prajA madhya-himAlaya(kiMvA kAzmIra)nI pra na hoI ene 'himAdrivAsI' kahevAmAM Ave to vadhu samucita thaI rahe. pItAMga' sUryavaMzI prajA paNa himAlayanA pUrva pradezanI AsapAsa vikaselI che ane pachI enI sAthe ekAtmaka thaI gaI che eTale ene paNa "hamAdrivAsI kahI zakAya ema che. trIjI "zyAmAMga" prajA hiMdI ane praTAMta mahAsAgaronA dvIpamAM vikaselI pahADamAM rahenArI hatI, bhAratavarSamAM paNa draviDa dezamAM vikasatI hatI te uttara bhArata ane dakSiNa bhArata vacce samRddha sukAI jatAM nIcethI upara AvatI thaI ane bhAratavarSanAM pahADa ane jaMgalamAM paNa vikasI-Ane girivAsI' saMjJa, saraLatAthI baMdha bese, hakImAM A davaMzI "hA" che, ditivaMzIva " paNa e ja che. A badhAne pachI asara' kahyA che. "rAkSase." paNa evI yAmAMga prajAnA eka bheda che. AphrikAnI "kaMI!' bane 'geIDa" prajAne "gora " "pI ga" "zyAmaga" sAthe saMbaMdha kaI paNa saMgemAM kahI zakAto nathI, lekhakane vinaMti dIpabhavAMka mATe kArya ane caritre pUratAM AvI gayAM che tethIna mekalavA vinaMti. navA thanArA grAhakene vinaMti pathiAnA grAhaka varSamAM koI paNa mAsathI lavAjama makalI thavAnI paddhati cAlu che, paraMtu je mAsamAM lavAjama mokalavAmAM Ave te mAsanI AgaLa pAchaLa najIkanA "ekabara "jAnyuArI" "eprila" ke "julAIthI grAhaka gaNI agAune aMka bAkI rahetuM haze te pachInI 15 mI tArIkhe TapAla karavAmAM Avaze. tavI 3ra ogasTa 1990 For Private and Personal Use Only

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