Pathik 1989 Vol 29 Ank 06

Author(s): K K Shastri and Other
Publisher: Mansingji Barad Smarak Trust
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/535341/1

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra 1 varSa 29 mu aMka 6 ThTho sa. 2046 sana 1990 mA sva. mAnasa'gajI khA smAraka TrasTa - sacAlata Mas B taMtrI maDaLa : prA. ke. kA. zAstrI DA. nA. ke. bhaTTI OM, sau, bhAratI bahena zelata [itihAsa purAtattvanuM eka mAtra gujarAtI mAsika ] Adya taMtrI : sva. mAnasa'gajI mADa anekAMtanu hArda * jo vizvamAM satya eka ja hoya, e satya siddha karavAnA mAga eka ja na heAya bhinna bhinna mAge e satya sudhI kai rIte pahoMcI zakAya e samajavA mATe virodhI ane bhinna bhinna dekhAtA mArgonA udAra ane vyApaka dRSTie samanvaya karavA e keAI paNa dhArmika ane prabhAvazALI puruSa mATe Avazyaka kartavya che . anekAMtavAdanI utpatti kharI rIte AvI ja vizvavyApI bhAvanA ane dRSTimAMthI thayelI che ane ane evI rIte ja ghaTAvI zakAya," -- paM. sukhalAlajI For Private and Personal Use Only

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[ anusaMdhAna paDI 2 uparanuM cAlu ] take tema adhikAro maLyA che tene emaNe sad upayoga karIne unnatizIla jIvana jIvavA prayAsa karavo joIe." samAraMbhanA pramukha sthAnethI sa. pa. yuni nA upakulapatizrI pro. ke. sI. paTele jaNAvyuM hatuM ke "Adhunika bhAratamAM nArInuM sthAna kharekhara UMcuM AvyuM che ema chatAM pATIdAra samAjamAM dahejanI prathA eka meTI samasyA che ane bahene me paNa A dUSaNa sAme nirbhaya banIne ene pratIkAra karavo joi e. itihAsavibhAga TImaspiriTathI suMdara kArya kare che." nAnA ane sukhI kuTuMbanI jema saMpa ane sahakAranI bhAvanAthI vibhAganA tamAma pradhyApake tathA pIeca.DI., ema.li., ema.e.nAM vidyArthI bhAI-bahene viziSTa kAryo kare che e badala teozrIe AnaMda vyakta karI sahune abhinaMdana ApyAM hatAM. prastuta parisaMvAdamAM gujarAta rAjasthAna ane madhyapradezanI yuni.mAMthI AvelA ItihAsanA 15 tajajJoe "19mI sadInA gujarAtamAM nArIsamAjanI jAgRti mATenA prayAso" "da. gujarAtanI nArI saMsthAo A davAsI strIo bhAratanI AjhAdInI laDatamAM strI-netRva" "20 mI sadInA gujarAtanI nArI saMsthAo ane e aMgenI pravRttio" bhAratano nArIsamAja, samasyAo ane ukela zrImadurAjaya dranA nArIsamAjanA utkarSa aMgenA vicAro" "gAMdhIjInuM strI sudhArA aMgenuM ciMtana' dayAnaMda sarasvatInAM nArIsamAjanA utthAnanA vicAro tathA "premacaMdajInA sAhityamAM varNita nArIsamAja' vagere vividha pAsAe para vizeSa prakAza pADavAmAM AvyA hatA, parisaMvAdamAM sthAnika kolejonA adhyApake vidyArthIo tathA anusnAtaka bhavanane adhyApake temaja vidya thae ane ItihAsamAM rasa dharAvanAra sajajo sArI saMkhyAmAM upasthita rahyA hatA temaja praznottarI ane carcAomAM sakriya bhAga laIne parisaMvAdane jIvaMta banAvyo hato. A parisaMvAdanuM saMcAlana vibhAganA vAcaka che, Ara. ema. zarmAe kahyuM hatuM tathA aMtamAM vibhAganA adhyApakazrI Ara pI. paMDavAe sahune hRdayapUrvaka AbhAra mAnya hate. vRttapatranA kAyadA pramANe * pathika mAsika saMbaMdhI hakIkata (phorma niyama 8 pramANe) 1. prakAzana-sthaLa : madhuvana, elisabrija, amadAvAda-380 06 2, prakAzananI mudata : mAsika 3, mudrakanuM nAma : che. kezavarAma kAzIrAma za zrI rATiyatA bhAratIya che ? : saranAmuM : 1. pramANe 4. praka zakanuM nAma : pro. kezavarAma kAzIrAma zAstrI rASTriyataH bhAratIya che ? : saranAmuM : 1. pramANe 5. taMtrInuM nAma : che, kezavarAma kAzIrAma zAstrI rASTriyatA bhAratIya che? : saranAmuM : 1. pramANe 6. vRttapatranA mAlika : sva. mAnasaMgajI bAraDa smAraka TrasTa huM, kezavarAma kAzIrAma zAstrI, jaNAvuM chuM ke upara jaNAvelI vigato mArA jaNavA tathA "majhavA pramANe sAcI che. ) kezavarAma kAzIrAma zAsI hA For Private and Personal Use Only

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"Adhunika yugamAM bhAratano nArIsamAja'' parisaMvAda somavAra tA. 22-1-1990 nA roja saradAra paTelanA anusnAtaka ItihAsa-vibhAganA upakrame tathA ANaMdanI mistrI nyUjha pepara sTArsanA mAlika zrI nagInabhAI mistrInA Arthika anudAnathI tA. 22-1-90 nA divase eka parisaMvAda " Adhunika yugamAM bhAratano nArIsamAja : atihAsika pariprekSyamAM eka adhyayana viSaya upara rAkhavA mAM AvyuM hatuM prastuta parisaMvAdamAM gujarAta rAjasthAna ane madhyapradezanI yunivarsiTIo tathA kolejonA 20 jeTalA abhyAsI vidvAnone nimaMtraNa pAThavavAmAM AvyAM hatAM. A parisaMvAdane uddaghATana-samAraMbha tathA ANaMdanI eka zaikSaNika rA'sthAonA sthApaka ane bhAratanI mA' pradInI laDatanA svAtaMtrya senAnI, rAmakRSNa sevA maMDaLa, ANaMdanA mAnA maMtrI zrI tathA sa 5. yuni.nI - keTanA variSTha mAnanIya sabhya zrI goradhanabhAI vakIla, jemA amRtamahe tsava nimitte sanamAnasamAraMbha temaja gayA varSe paMDita javAharalAla naheru zatAbdI ujavaNI nimitte vibhAga dvArA jAyela nibaMdha spardhAmAM vijetA thayelA vidyArthIone pAritoSika vitaraNa samAraMbha yuni nA seneTa holamAM ye ja hato. A samAraMbhane maMgala prAraMbha ItihAsavibhAgatI banenI prArthanAthI thaye hato. A prasa ge vibhAganA adhyakSa ane parisa vadanA niyAmaka che. jI. DIzukale sahu nimaMtrita mahemAna vaktaone paricaya karAvyA hato tathA tAjanene hArdika AvakAra ApyA hatA. svAgata-pravacanamAM zrI zukale parisaMvAdanA hetu tathA payapa padhI keTalIka mahatvanI bAbate ane emAM AjanA juvAne kevI rIte sahAyarUpa banI zake e aMge da jalana che. goradhanabhAI vakIle karyuM hatuM. eozrIe parisaMvAdanuM udghATana karI vibhAgane zIrvacana ApatAM jaNAvyuM hatuM ke "Adhunika yugamAM bhAratane nArIsamAja" e viSaya pArekhara sAMprata samayamAM khUba ja mahattavane che. e aMgenI ryA, enI samasyAo temaja yogya ukela zodhavA mATe A parisaMvAda yojavAmAM AvyuM che. e kharekhara prazarAnIya bAbata che. A vibhAgane satata haka ghAya che eno huM prAraMbhathI sAkSI chuM. Aje itihAsavida ane ekatrita thayA che teo kharekhara nArIsamAjanI samasyAo ane enA ukela mATe potAnA svataMtra vicAre tAre samAjane umegI nAna jarUra pUra paDaze evI AzA rAkhuM chuM." vibhAganI vividha pravRttione saMkSi. ahevAla vibhAganA vAcaka che. maganabhAI paTele Apyo hato. emaNe kahyuM hatuM ke "vibhAga pUrNa svarUpe sthapAya pachIthI vibhAga dvArA Ayojita sthAnika prAdezika temaja rAjya ane rAtryi kakSAe jela seminAra- sijhiyama vageremAM utsAhapUrvaka sa dhananiba gha rajU kare che tathA yuni. ane rAjyakakSAe e jAtI saMzodhanAtmaka spardhAmAM Daga le che ane pAritoSike paNa meLave che. A vibhAganA adhyApakee potAnA svataMtra sa dhana prathe paNa prakAzita karyA che, je gujarAta ane gujarAta bahAra ItihAsane vidvAna uparAMta anya vAcako mAM paNa sArI prazaMsA pAmyA che. vibhAga dvArA traNa vidyArthIoe pIeca.DI.nI padavI prApta karI che ane hAla 10 jeTalA vidyArthIo saze dhanakArya karI rahyA che." taduparAMta emaNe vibhAga dvArA yojavAmAM AvatI abhyAsalakSI tathA zikSaNetara pravRttionuM paNa TUMkamAM bayAna karAvyuM hatuM. samAraMbhanA mukhya atithi tarIke ANaMda myunisipAliTInA pramukhazrI bAbubhAI giradharabhAI paTela upasthita rahyA hatA. eothI e prasaMgane anurU5 udhana karatAM kahyuM hatuM ke "samAjamAM strIone Aje sArI [ anusaMdhAna pachI 3 upara cAlu For Private and Personal Use Only

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Adya taMtrI : sva. mAnasaMgajI bAraDa taMtrI-maMDaLa() vArSika lavAjama : dezamAM rU.30/ ke. kA. zAstrI () videzamAM rU. 111/- chUTaka rU. 3/pathika' pratyeka aMgrejI maha- | 2. che. nAgajIbhAI bhaTTI, 3. che. bhAratIbahena zelata nAnI 15 mI tArIkhe prasiddha thAya che. pachInA 15 divasamAM aMka - varSa 29muM]phAguna, saM. 2046H mArca, sana 1990[aMka 6 ThTho maLe te sthAnika posTa ophisa- | anukrama mAM likhita phariyAda karavI ane ] kAmareja(ji.surata)nA deha Do. guNavaMtarAya ja. desAI 3 enI nakala atre mokalavI. varSa jUnA dastAveja - "pathika sarvopayogI vicAra upaniSatkAlIna ziSya(apUrNa) che. kAntilAla ra. dave 6 bhAvanA ane jJAnanuM mAsika che. ! siddharAjanI putrI ane ene putra zrI hasamukha vyAsa 9 jIvanane urdhvagAmI banAvatAM sulatAna mahamada bIje zrI. zaMbhuprasAda ha. desAI 11 abhyAsapUrNa ane ziSTa sAhityika zikArapura TIMbo . pulina vasA 13 lakhANane svIkAravAmAM Ave che.. 0 prAMsaddha thaI gayelI kRtine pharI harijana koI eka kema naya zrI rahiNI pRthvIrAja 15 zrI lAkhezvara mahAdeva prasiddha karavA mATe na mokalavAnI zrI manasukhabhAI ema, svAmI 18 kAlAvaDanuM purAtana zrI yaMzavaMta u5.thAka 19 lekhakoe kALajI rAkhavI. kAThiyAvADanA rAjakIya paricaya zrI geviMda makavANuM ra0 * kRti sArA akSare zAhIthI ane kai : itihAsa saMskRti(cAlu)zrI. ThAkarazI pu. kasArA 97-104 kAgaLanI eka ja bAjue lakhelI hevI joIe. kRtimAM koI anya bhASAnAM avataraNuM mUkayAM hoya vinaMti te ane gujarAtI tarajUmAM vArSika grAhakoe pitAnuM ke pitAnI saMsthA koleja yA Apa jarUrI che. zALAnuM lavAjama rU. 30/- hajI ne kahyuM hoya te satvara 0 kRtamAnA vicAronI ma.e.thI mokalI ApavA hArdika vinaMti. saranAmAmAM goLa javAbadArI lekhakanA rahaze. vatuM lamAM pahelo aMka kathA mAsa thI grAhaka thayAnuM kahe 0 'pathikamAM prasiddha thatI - che- e mAsa pahelA lavAjama maLavuM abhISTa che, enA vicAra-abhiprAya sAthe agAunAM lavAjama eka ke ekathI vadhu varSonA bAkI che teo paNa taMtrI sahamata che ema na samajhavuM. saveLA mokalI ApavA kRpA kare. aMka hAthamAM Ave e gALAmAM 0 asvIkRta kRti pAchI meLava lavAjama mokalo ApanAre AvA vartanane dhyAnamAM na levA vinaMti. vA jarUrI TikiTa AvI haze "pathika'nA AzrayadAtA rU. 100/-thI ane AjIvana sahAyaka to tarata parata karAze. rU. 301/-thI thavAya che. bheTa tarIke paNa rakama svIkAravAmAM 0 namUnAnA aMkanI nakala mATe Ave che. sva. zrI. mAnasaMgajIbhAInA ane "pathika'nA cAhakone 3-50 nI TikiTa mekalavI. pathika kAryAlayanA nAmanA ma.o. ke DrAphaTathI mekalI ApavA vinaMti. ma.e. DrAphaTa patro lekho A chellI be prakAranI tema rU. 50 thI laI AvatI vadhu bheTanI pathika kAryAlaya, madhuvana, elisa rakama anAmata ja rahe che ane enuM mAtra vyAja ja vaparAya che. brija amadAvAda-380006 pathika mArca/190 For Private and Personal Use Only

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itihAsa eka acche zikSaka, mArgadarzaka che. atItanI eka AkhI peDhI jIvananI pAyAnI traNa bAbatene AdhAre bharyuM bharyuM jIvI gaI : . bhUtakALanuM gaurava 2. vartamAnanI pIDA 3. bhaviSyanuM svapna sAMpratamAM jIvatA ApaNA sau upara AvanArI peDhInI anAgata javAbadArI che. ApaNe itihAsa pAsethI mana-buddhi-nI AMkha khullI rAkhI kaMI bhaNI zakIe ? 19 kAna khullA rAkhI ItihAsa pAsethI mArgadarzana meLavI zakIe ? jIvI zakIe? san wie eine eri A dizAnA prayatna karIe to AvanAro samaya ujajavaLa che. saujanyaH ekasela inDasTrIjha, li. dara rUvAparI roDa, bhAvanagara-364001 phena : 25322-23-24 EXCEL mArca 1990 pathika For Private and Personal Use Only

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kAmareja(ji.surata)nA dADhasA varSa jUnA dastAveja Do. guNavatarAya ja. desAI ( surata jillAmAM Avelu hAlatu. mAMDavI agreja sarakAranA tAbAmAM Avata pahelAM eka nAnuM sarakhuM dezI rAjya hatuM. e rAjyamAM rAjapUta rAjAonuM zAsana hatu. zrI padmAna paramAnaMda vajIranA bApa-dAdAe kAmareja tAlukAnA mukhya mathaka kAmareja gAmanA vatano ane mAMDavInA rAjAnA vajIra (dIvAna ) hatA. jete abhyAsa karavAmAM Avyo che te dastAveja patro hAlamAM hayAta zrI padmAna...dabhAI vajIra (80) pAsethI meLavavAmAM AvyA hatA. emanA vaDavAenI vajIrAtane lagatA jUnA patro ane dastAveja jIrNa thaI gayelA che. keTalAka kAgaLa vacamAMthI kANAM paDIne phATI gayA che. tamAma mahattvanA kAgaLe sUtarano majabUta dorIthI bAMdhIne AthI jevI maLI neTanA svarUpe sacavAyelA che. keTalAka patro neTamAMthI chUTA paDI gayA che. kAgaLA jhAMkhA, pILA raMganA, pramANamAM jADA che. enI laMbAI 32 se. mI. ane paheALAI 24 se. mI. jeTalI che, ghaNA patra judI judI khAjuethI phATI gayelA che.) Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir zrI padmAna paramAnaMda vajIranA bApa-dAdAe jUnA mAMDavI rAjya(ji. surata)nA rAjAnA vajIra hatA. emanI charAta vaMzaparaMparAgata hatI, paraMtu khInna kArabhArInI bha bheraNIthI mAMDavInA mahArANA hamIrasiMhajInA vakhatamAM emanI jAgIra (vacharAta) japta thaI ane emane maLatI bethI traNa gAmeranI Avaka khadha thaI. hAlamAM je dastAvajo mAjUda che teemAM khAsa karIne emanI vaccharAMta pharIthI cAlu karAvavA ane rAjA pAse bAkI nIkaLatAM nANAM meLavavA mATe e samayanA surAtA aMgreja ejanTane lakhelI arakhae ane mAMDavInA rAja sAthe karelo patra-vyavahAra mahattvanAM che. A sacavAyelA dastAveja patrAmAM zrI padmAnaMdabhAInA mApa-dAdAe je rAjanA dIvAna hatA temanA kArabhAra 'genI ke rAjAnAM khIjAM kAryonI mAhitI maLatI nathI. Azare dADhaso varSAM jUtA dastAveja che, jemAM kittAthI (kharunA breDamAMthI banAvela kalame) lakhAyelu' haeNAya tevu kALI zAhInu lakhANa jADA akSaramAM ALo vesTamAM lakhelu che. pethInA vaccethI be bhAga pADelA che. baMne bAju judI judI vigatA che. ghaNAkharA gujarAtI zabdo ane akSare hAlanA karatAM judI rIte lakhelA che ; = a a agrejI thaI hukama evI evI hevI DevI navAjaza resiDenTa saMsthAna savasthAna rasIDaNa dareka arajInI zarUAta "moTA rajAnA nAmadAra maherabAna" vagere sabaMdhanathI karI che. vAkayaracanAmAM phArasI zabdo ane maherabAnI mATenI kAkalUdI-bharI AjIjI vAravAra rajU thatI jaNAya che. hAlanA zrI padmAna vajrathI Azare AThamI peDhInAM sukhAnaMda vacchara sudhImAM kArobAranI dha che. mAMDavInA rAjAAnI ane vakkara kuTuMbanI va`zAvaLI pethInA chellA pAne ApelI che, AkhA dastAvejamAM vajarAta cAlu rAkhavA mATe ane potAnA aMgata prazno mATe rAjAne ane suratanA aMgreja ejanTane karelI arajIthI nala che, tenA vAkhe| a Mgreja janTe je ApelA tenI paNa nakala che. e uparAMta vAMsadAnA rAjA ane dharamapuranA rAjAnA patronI nakala rAjamudrAnI chApa sahita sacavAyelI che. keTalAka patronI nakala ane samajUtI nIce pramANe che : pathika mArca/1990 For Private and Personal Use Only = = = agarejI huM krama nivAsa OM

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patra naMbara 1 : A patramAM zarUAtamAM tArIkha lakhI nathI. patra suratanA eTa ela (iliyaTa haze) sAhebane lakhele che. vidyAnaMda vajIranA bhAI vijayAnaMde e patra ejanTane araNa rUpamAM lakhele che. patramAM lakhyuM che ke "paragaNa mAMDavInuM moje pIparIu gAma saMvata 1884 kArabhAruM mATe maLeluM paNa pAchaLathI te bIjA keIne ApeluM eTale pharIthI e gAma amone ApavuM A arajInA javAbamAM rU. 5001/- vArSika daramAye nakkI karIne ene vaMzaparaMparA mAMDavI paragaNunA pIparIe gAmanI vacharAta lakhI ApI che. patranA aMte saMvata 1886 paSa vada 13 ne divasa jaNAvela che. ( patra naMbare 2: A patra dharamapuranA rAjAnA patranI nakala che. patra para rAjamudrAnI chA' paNa nakala che, jemAM nAganuM citra che. patra marAThI bhASAmAM lakheluM che. rAjAnuM nAma jaNAvyuM na ( patra naMbara : A patra vAMsadAnA rAjanA patranI nakala che. vAMsadAnA rAjanuM harisiMhajI che. enI rAjamudrA paNa che. vAMsadAnA rAjAe mAMDavInA rAjAne saMbodhIne zivAnaMda varu meMdara (hAlanuM medhara) gAmane kArobAra karavAnI maMjUrI ApI che. patra naMbara 4: A patra vijayAnaMda vajIre lakheluM che. patranI vigata mujaba vAMsada rajanI karI nityAnaMda ane AtmAnaMda vargae karI hatI e badala emane raMgapura-pArasI bhaThI vagerenA vahIvaTa ApyA hatA. je rAjAe pAchI kheMcI lIdho hato. A kArobAra pharIthI ? karAvavA suratanA ejanTane patra lakhyo che, paga nIce vijayAnaMda vacharanI sahI che. ( patra naMbara 5 : A patra paNa vijayAnaMde lakhele che. patranA mathALe tA 6 jUna, 1 lakhI che. patranI vigata mujaba pIparI ane vADI gAvAnI bAbatamAM pitAne adhikAra ApavA aM ejanTane lakhyuM che. A patramAM thoDI vadhu vigate ApI chevaDI ane pIparIe gAmane ka mahetA vIjabhUkhaNadAsa manoradAsa pArathI laIne pitAne apAvavA mATenI vigata patramAM che, javAbamAM suratanA eja pacAsa varSa uparanA hevAla mAgyA hatA eTale eka arajI tA. 12 : 1841 nA roja pharIthI vijayAnaMde karI hatI temAM potAne mAMDavInA rAjA pAsethI kAyamane mATe gAme bhegavA mATe mAnya che ema jaNAvyuM ane e vakhatanA sane 1810nA roja suratanA e paNa e maMjUra karelAM hatAM ema jaNAvIne pharIthI e gAme potAne maLe evI dAda mAgI che. ( patra naMbara 6: mAMDavInA rAjA durjanasiMhe kampanI sarakArane lakhelA patranI nakala che. patra tA. 17 jUna, 1841 ne che. patra suratanA ejanTa para lakhAyeluM che, pavana vigata pramANe che : mAMDavI upara phakIra abadalI rahemAne 1810 mAM caDhAI karI ane rAjana gAdI japta gAmane Aga lagADI, brAhmaNane musalamAna banAvavA prayatna karyo te mATe sAhebanI sarakArane mokalI avasthAna (saMsthAna) mAMDavI sara karI Ape te UpajamAMthI cha AnI bhAga sAhebane A tathA lazkarane je kharca thaze te ApaNuM (ApIza)." patramAM vacharAta pAchI meLavavA mATe paNa aMgreja sarakAranI madada mAgI hatI. suratanA anya ejanTe evo javAba lakhyo hato ke "mAjI rAjAoe tamArA hakaka lakhI mukAvele enA dastA lakhI mekalaze pachI tamane javAba devAmAM Avaze." A patranA javAbamAM vijayAnaMda vajIre bIjI eka arajI 21 jUna, 1841 nA roja karI pharIthI bIjI arajI 21 jUne ekalI che ema nakala karelA patramAM lakhyuM che, paraMtu jUnanA ja divasa hoya che. lakhavAmAM bhUla thaI hoya ema lAge che. mArca 1990 For Private and Personal Use Only

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patra naMbara 7 : A patra aMgreja ejanTanA patranI nakala che. patra tA.31 ogasTa, 1841 nA roja lakhe che. patramAMnI vigata pramANe "vacharAta vagere hakako tA. 5 ogasTa 1841 thI maMjUra karavAmAM AvyA che." patranI nIce aMgreja ejanTanI sahI che, paNa e vacAtI nathI. ALI neTamAM sacavAyelA A sAta patro pachI e paDInI madhyamAMthI be bhAga pADyA che te paikI jamaNI bAju upara zIrSaka ApyuM che : "tA. 1 julAI 1941 thI Avaka jAvakanI buka jArI rAkhI te nIce mujaba che." DAbI bAjue arajIonA javAbe ane suratanA ejaTanA tathA bIjA keTalAka patronI nakala che. A patro paikI eka patra tA. 12 julAI, 1841 ne che. e suratanA ejanTane vijayAnaMda karelI arajI che, jemAM mAMDavIne rAjA hamIrasiMhanI pAse petAnA leNA rUpiyA 217996/- nIkaLe che te apAvavA jaNAvyuM che temaja sarakArane bhalAmaNa karI che ke rAjyanI UpajamAthI e nANu apAvaze. bIjo eka patra paNa potAnI jAgIra pacAvI pADanAra kArabhArI vIjabhUkhaNadAsa pAse jAgIra pAchI meLavavA lakhyA che. patramAM vijayAnaMde traNacAra pAnAM bharIne jAgIrane jUno ItihAsa jaNAvyo che. chevaTanAM thoDAM pAnAM bagaDI thayAM che ane kANAM paDIne vaMcAya nahi tevA thaI gayAM che. sArAMza : ALI neTamAM sacavAyelA A etihAsika dastAveja jevA patrane abhyAsa karatAM nIce mujabanI mAhitInI jANakArI maLe che; 1. i.sa. 1840 nI AsapAsanA samayamAM gujarAtanA dakSiNa vibhAgamAM AvelAM rajavADI aMgrejonA hAthArUpa banI gayAM hatA; emanAthI svataMtrapaNe rAjakArabhAra thato nahi, 2. bAhya AkramaNo, khAsa karIne masalamAnonA AkramaNa, khALavAnI tAkAta emanAmAM na hatI. 3. rAjayamAM lAgavaga ane hAjIhA karanAra varga rAjA ke aMgrejonA pakSamAM bhaLI jaI badhuM gerakAyade calAvI zakato. 4. agAunA rAjAo taraphathI vaMzaparaMparAgata bakSelI jAgIre paNa pAchaLanA rAjAo vacanabhaMga thaIne bIjAne ApI detA ane kampanI sarakAra baMne pakSa pAse pitAnuM hita paDAvI laIne meTA adhikArIone arajI jevI lAbI kAryavAhImAM gUMcavI daI zakatI. 5. e samayamAM eTale ke AjathI doDha varSa pahelAM musalamAnonA humalA thatA, dharma parivartana mATe prayatno paNa thatA ane aTakAvavA aMgrejo madada kare to rAjayanI UpajamAMthI emane cha AnI eTale bhAga ApavAnI javI kabUlAta paNa karatA e batAve che ke dezI rAjAo keTalA nabaLA hatA ane hiMdanA ItihAsamAM evAM rajavADAMone pakSa laIne ja aMgrejoe pitAnuM sthAna daDha karyuM hatuM. 6. A patromAM paktigata hakIkata sivAya bIjI khAsa mAhitI nathI, aMgrejo ane emanuM surata tathA AjubAjunAM gAme ane nAnAM rajavADAMomAM je varcasa hatuM te joI zakAya che. rAjAo nirbaLa hatA, emanuM varcasa prajA para na hatuM, to evA samayamAM sAmAnya jana samAjanI kevI dazA haze? 7. kAmarejanA zrI padmAnaMda vajIranA vaDavAoe mAMDavI uparAMta vAMsadAnA rAjAnA kArobAramAM paNa madada karI hatI e badala emanA kuTuMbane keTalAMka gAma vajarAta tarIke maLyAM hatAM. A ALI neTamAM saMgrahAyelA patronA aMte mAMDavInA rAjAnI vaMzAvaLI ane pitAnA vajIrakuTuMbanI vaMzAvaLI ApI che: [ anusaMdhAna pA. 8 nIce ] pathika mArca/ 10 For Private and Personal Use Only

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upaniSatkAlIna ziSya che. kAntilAla . dave jarmana rahasyavAdI zepanahovara jeone "mAnavIya jJAna ane prajJAna sarvottama phaLa" tathA "atimAnavanI prAprasAdI' gaNAvI aMjali Ape che te upaniSadugraMthonA gauravAnvita mAhAtmanI AdhArazilA jJAna che ane e jJAnanI gaMgetarI-rUpa tatkAlIna zidvANaSyavasthA che e bhulAvuM na joIe. uttama AcAravicAra, zArIrika ane mAnasika vikAsa, jJAnanuM saMrakSaNa tema saMvardhana tathA ziSyanA sarvAgI vikAsa dvArA dharma saMskRti tathA rASTranA vikAsane caritArtha karavAnI saphaLa kAma bhIDatI tatakAlIna zikSaNa vyavasthAnA pAyAmAM rahelAM jaNAya che. AcAryakuLa nAme oLakhAtI zikSaNa paddhati hatI. AcArya kuLe tatkAlIna AryajIvananI saMskRti ane sarakAranAM mahAvidyAlaya hatAM. AcAryakuLamAM AcArya ane emanA ziSyone samAveza tha hatA. AvAM AcArya kuLamAM praveza meLavavAne darekane pAtratAnusAra aMdhakAra hatA. vidyAbhyAsa mATe anivArya evA upanayana saMskArathI dIkSita thaI Arya saMtAno pitAnA jIvanano nizcita kAla AcArya kuLamAM gALavAmAM gaurava anubhavatAM. upanayana saMskArathI samAvartana saMskAra sudhInuM ziSyanuM vana AcArya kuLamAM AcAryanI pratyakSa dekharekha nIce ghaDatara pAmatuM. tatkAlIna ziSyo mATe bahuyukta "atevAsina zabda(jeno artha thAya che "je gurunI pAse vase che te)thI paNa A tamane samarthana maLe che. ziSya pratye AcAryanAM ne vyavahAra vAsaDhayapUrNa rahetAM. emanA saMbaMdha pitAputra jevA uSma pUrNa rahetA. upaniSadanA anazIlanathI e spaSTa thAya che ke AcArya kalavAsa daramyAna ziSyane kaDaka AcArasaMhitAnuM pAlana karavuM paDatuM. ziSya mATe brahmacaryavrata anivArya hatuM. ziSya mATe upaniSadomAM prayukta brahmacara' zabda saMdarbhamAM sUcaka che. dara ' za dane mULa tha >>ddha mA veda arthAt "jJAnanuM anusaraNa ke pti' e thAya che. jJAnanI sAcA arthamAM prati mATe anivArya evAM idriyanigraha ane kaThina tapAlanane pAdarza prAraMbhathI ja A zabda sAthe joDAI gayelA jovA maLe che. A saMdarbhamAM zikSaNaprAptinA samagra samayAvadhine apAyelI 'bahAryAzrama" saMjJA sArthakatA paNa svayaMsiddha che, brahmacaryanI jema ja ziSyanA vidyAbhyAsakALa daramyAna AcArya dvArA zraddhA ane tapazcaryA para paNa vAraMvAra bhAra mUkavAmAM AveluM jovA maLe che. AcArya uddAlaka AruNi putra phira vetaketune tavamasi" e mahAmaMtrane upadeza ApatAM vaTabIjamAM virATakAya vaTavRkSanA nihita svarUpamAM zraddhA rAkhavA jaNAve che. eka varSanA samayAvadhimAM zraddhA tapa ane brahmacaryathI yukta banyA bAda ja bharadvAja AdinA AdhyAtmika praznonuM samAdhAna karanAra AcArya pippalAda(prazna. 1 2)nAM udAharaNa ke hai. u5(1-1)ne samAvana-pravacanamAM upaniSada Thera Thera zraddhAnuM ja mahimAgAna karatAM jaNAya che. e ja rIte vidyAbhyAsamAM tenI anivAryatA para upaniSade vAraMvAra bhAra mUke che. te upa.(1-9-1) nitya svAdhyAya pravacanane paNa tapa tarIke oLakhAve che. Idra prajApatine tyAM, sukezAdi AcArya pippalAdane tyAM, satyakAma jAbAle AcArya dvArikUmatane tyAM ane u pakesale AcArya satyakAmanA AcAryakuLamAM sahanazIlatAnI kasoTI kare tevAM kaThina tapa AryA hovAnuM upaniSada nedhe che. AcArya kuLomAM niraMtara cAlatA yajJayAgAdi dvArA ziSya dhArmika paraMparAo ane anya anuSThAnanA jIvaMta saMparkamAM rahetA. deva ane pitRo pratye samadira rAkhavAnI ke AcArya atithi mArca/1990 pathika For Private and Personal Use Only

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ane mArkApAtre deva mAnavAnI AjJA pAchaLa paNa vivekama'Dita vidyAne vadhu ujajavaLa banAvI samAja sAthe ena anusadhAna karavAnI sAttvika vRttinAM ja darzIna thAya che. upaniSadomAM soMgRhItA keTaloka udAtta prAthanAzamAMthI paNa tatkAlIna ziSyAnA pavitra ane nItipUrNa jIvavAnA abhilASAne ja pratidhvani "bhaLAya che. udAharaNa tarIke mRhadAraNyaka upaniSada(1-6-28)nI "asatA mA sad gamya, tamasA mA jayeatA, mAryAM amRta gamaya" prAthanA keTalI madhuredAtta che ! upaniSThakAsamAM ziSe AcA kuLamAM rahetA ane jamatA enA badalAmAM AcaryuM ane AcArya - kuLanI yathAkti sevAne petAnuM ahaMbhAgya samajatA. AcAryasevA dareka ziSyanI prathama ane parama krUja manAtI, eTaluM ja natu, prAcIna upaniSadamAM pratibiMbita thatA Adarzo te evA jaNAya che ke AcAryanI sevA karatAM vadhela! samayamAM ja vidhipura:sara vedAdinuM adhyayana karavu..pa vaidika varmiMgamAM che!karA bhaNavA jAya che' A bhASA ja nathI, chekA gurueza karavA gurugRhe jAya che' A bhASA che. A ja pralikA che evuM jaNAvatAM zrI pAMDura ga zAstrI AThavalejI (sAMskRtika vicAradhArA, pR. 15) pazu e kAlamAM gurusevAnA apratima mahimA pratye ja aMgulinirdeza karatA jaNAya che. sukhArthinaH kutA vidyA, kutA vidyArthina; sukham e subhASitanA bhASya-samu`. tatkAlIna "ziSyAnuM jatanaghaDatara thAya e mATe pUrepUrI kALajI AcAryaM rAkhatA. mitanidrA mitAhAra ane mitabhASaNanI sAthe sAthe svAvalakhananI bArAkhaDI paNa emane chUTavI paDatI. anya krUromAM dhArmika vidhi mATe jarUrI samiA-cayana ane gAsevA e be ka%0 khAsa mahattvapUrNa manAtAM. e noMdhavuM rasaprada che ke keTalAka kissAmAM tA ziSyAne khukha lAMbe samaya gepAlanamAM ja vyatIta thaI jateA. chAM. upa.(4-4-5)mAM prApta ullekha anusAra ziSya satyakAma AcArya hAridrumatanI AjJAthI 400 nibaLa gAyAmAMthI sahasra gA thayA bAda ja AcArya kuLamAM pravezatA jovA maLe che. chAMdogya upaniSadra(4-3-5)nA AdhAre evu kahI zakAya ke ziSyAne kayAreka bhikSATana mATe paNa javuM paDatuM, zaunaka ane abhipratArI dvArA bhijJAthI 'cita rakhAyelA ziSyanA udAharaNune nA samaInamAM TAMkI zakAya. A uparAMta poMcAgnisevA agniheAtrasevA tathA atiyisatkAra jevAM kavyAnI javAbadArI paNa ziSyAnA zire rahetI. e ja rIte dezabharamAM Thera Thera yAnnatA cAsamAra bhA ane vidyAmAM ziSye paNa gurusevA arthe AcAryanI sAthe upasthata rahetA hevAnI sAbitI upaniSadezamAM prApta thAya che (chAM. upa, 3-1-2, 7). sarasvatI ane saMskRtinAM sarakSaNa ane sa MvananI dRSTie svAdhyAya dvArA jJAnaprApti ane pravacana dvArA khetA 'bahujanasukhAya hujahita'ya' pracAra karavAnI bAbata para paNa AcArya bhAra mUkatA jaNAya che. Ama, zrI pAMDuraMga zAstrI AThavalejI kahe che tema, upaniSatkAlamAM vidyArthIe guruparAyaNu ane guru ziSyaparAyaNu hatA, guru ane ziSya bane jJAnaparAyaNa hatA ane jJAna sevAparAyaNa hatu . AvA zIlasa'pana ane dharma parAyaNa ziSyo tatkAlIna zikSaNuvyavasthAnA mukuTamaz2irUpa hatA. ee vittAnurAgI nahiM, paNa vidyAnurAgI hatA. udA. tarIke kaTheniSa(1-23)mAM AcArya yama pAsethI meLavelA trIjA varadAnanA annAmAM AtmAnI maraNettara avasthAnuM jJAna prApta karavA mATe daDhAgrahI ziSya naciketA zatAyuSI putrapautrAdi agaNita-pazusapatti azvamAtA suvarNabhaDA suvizAlA-vasu dharAM, cchAmRtyunuM varadAna, aDhaLaka dhanasapatti, bhalAkanI kuMbha kAmanAenI pathika mArca/1990 For Private and Personal Use Only 19

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pati, suMdara vAhane ane vAjithI saMpanna svargasuMdarIo, ciravitA ane pRthvInA rAjyapada sudhAMnI lAlacane ThukarAvatA najare paDe che. kaThina vrata-tapathI agnine prasanna karI vidyAprApti karatA upasila (chAM. upa. 4/15), dIkSAnA divasathI ja varSa sudhI gosevAmAM jotarI devAyela satyakAma (cho. upa. 4-4-15), aDhaLaka lakSamIne tuccha mAnI deva-pitRyAna-vidyAnI IcchA rAkhatA uddAlaka AruNi (bR. upa. 6-2-7) ane brahmajJAna mATe zatAdhika varSanuM ziSyatva dhAraNa karatA ziSya idra (cho. u5. 8-11-3) e vagerenAM udAharaNamAM tatkAlIna ziSyanI utkaTa vidyA prItinAM ja darzana thAya che. [apUrNa [anusaMdhAna pA. 5 thI cAlu) mAMDavInA rAjAonI vaMzAvaLI rAjanA vajIre(dIvAno)nI vaMzAvaLI durjanasiMhajI sukhAnaMda umarasiMhajI vidhAnaMda vijayAnaMda hamIrasiMhajI karUNAnaMda vajesiMhajI pratApakuMvara vakhatasiMhajI rAmAnaMda jItasiMhajI vijayAnaMda AtmAnaMda paramAnaMda kvAnaMda (hAla hayAta) noMdha-abhyAsa mATe A dastAvejI patra ApavA badala zrI padmAnaMda vajIrane RNI chuM) che. ArTasa koleja, kilApAraDI-396125 mArca/ 10 pathi For Private and Personal Use Only

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siddharAjanI putrI ane ene putra zrI hasamukha vyAsa gujarAtanA itihAsamAM siddharAja jayasiMhane zAsanakAla "suvarNayuga" tarIke oLakhAya che. enA jAhera jIvana vize te ghaNI badhI mAhitI maLe che, paraMtu enA aMgata jIvana vize bahu ochI vigata sAMpaDe che e hakIkta che. hA, ene putra na hato eTalI mAhitI avazya upalabdha che. prastuta lekhamAM enI (siddharAjanI) putrI ane enA(putronA) putra aMge mAhitI cakAsavAne upakrama che. rAjasthAnamAM kahevAtI bhATenI khyAtamAM te siddharAjane sAta purve hevAnuM varNavAya che, paraMtu e khoTuM che, kemake siddharAjanA guru hemacaMdrAcArye svayaM pitAne thAzrayakAvyamAM "siddharAjane putramukhadananuM sukha na maLyA"nuM lakhyuM che, eTaluM ja nahi, cittoDanA kilAmAMthI prApta kumArapAlanA eka zilAlekhamAMthI siddharAja putra prApti mATenI prArthanA karavA temanAthanA darzane gayAnI vigata maLe che, je siddharAjane putra na hovAnuM siddha kare che. hA, ene eka putrI avazya hatI. kaI paNa zaktizALI ne samartha rAjAne pitAnA rAjayanI sImA vistAravAnI IcchA rahe e sahaja che. siddharAja paNa AmAMthI apavAda na hatA. e potAnA rAjyanI sImA vistAravA mATe avAranavAra abhiyAna karatA. rAjasthAnanA ajamera(sAMbhara)ne cohANa arNorAja siddharAjano samakAlIna ane zaktizALI rAjA hato. e I.sa. 1133 nI AsapAsa ajameranI gAdIe beThele. uttara taraphathI AvatA turko-tamaranA AkramaNane eNe saphaLatApUrvaka mArI haTAvela. enA "AnA" AnAka' 'Analahadeva" vagere nAma paNa rAjasthAnamAM pracalita che. AgaLa nevuM te mujaba siddharAja enI rAjasImA vistAravA avAranavAra gujarAta bahAra abhiyAna karatA. AmAM enuM pramukha lakSya rAjasthAnanAM rAjyo ne mALavA tarapha rahatuM. A ja rIte arNorAja paNa maLavA chatavA-meLavavA Icchuka rahetA. Ama baMne samartha zAsakonuM laya eka hAI laDAI thAya e svAbhAvika ja che. AvI eka laDAImAM e (arAja) hArI jatAM sAMbhara siddharAjanA kabajAmAM AvI gayeluM, paraMtu siddharAja jema vIra hatA tene dIghadraSTA paNa hatA. arNorAja jevA zaktizALI rAjane khaMDiyA rAjA tarIke rAkhavA karatAM enI sAthe maitrIsaMbaMdha bAMdhavAmAM ene DahApaNa mAnyuM; pariNAmasvarUpa eNe (siddharAje, enuM rAjya ene pAchuM soMpyuM, eTaluM ja nahi, pitAnI putrI kAMcanadevI paNa enI(arAjanI) sAthe paraNAvI. putro ApavAnI udAratA siddharAjanI dUraMdezitA darzAve che, te putrI ApavI paDI e hakIkata aNarAjanI mahattA sUve che. tatkAlIna AdhAra "prabaMdhaciMtAmaNa' (le. 51), "kIrti komudI'(sarga 2, le. 26-28), "pRthvIrAjavijaya vageremAM siddharAje putrInAM lagna arNorAja sAthe karyAnI spaSTa nadhi maLe che. alabatta, hamacaMdrAcAryanA yAzraya mahAkAvyamAM ene (siddharAjanA) rAjapUtAnA sAthenA vivAda-vigraha vize khAsa kAMI vigata maLatI nathI, arAjane kAMcanadevI uparAMta sudhavA nAmanI eka rANI hatI ke je mAvADanA keI sAmaMtanI putrI hatI, arAjane kAMcanadevIthI somezvara nAmane putra thayele, jene bALapaNathI ja siddharAje pitAnI pAse rAkhI, ucherI meTa karela. eka anumAna-je kharuM paNa hoI zakepramANe siddharAja ene potAne gAdIvArasa banAvavA IcchatA hatA. siddharAjane ke putra na heI kumArapAla gAdI mArca 1990 For Private and Personal Use Only

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nAreza banavA Icchuka hatA, paNa siddharAje ene dAda ApelI nahi; pariNAmasvarUpa siddharAjanA jIvana daramyAna kumArapAla dezanakAla jevu jIvana jIvatA hatA, paraMtu siddharAjanA mRtyuthI ene rastA sApha thatAM badhI aDacaNo haTAvI aMtataH gujarAtanA gAdIpati thavAmAM kumArapAla saphraLa thayA. siddharAjanA jIvana daramyAna sela kI(caulukaya)-cauhANa-saMdharSa zAMta paDI gayelA, paraMtu kumArapAlanA rAjA thayA bAda puna: me zarU thayA. alabatta, AmAM pramukha bhUmikA afefarAjanI havAnu` ItihAsakAra nuM tAraNlR che. 'praznacitAmaNi' pramANe aIrAje gujarAtanA sAma temAM phUTa paDAvelI. arNorAja kumArapAlanI viruddha haiI gAdI maLatAM kumArapAle aNNarAja para caDAI karI. AmAM aNurAjanI hAra thaI. chevaTe suleha thaI ane aNNarAje pAtAnI putrI jahA kumArapAlane ApI. siddharAjanA dauhitra somezvara, jene siddharAje bALapaNathI petAnI pAse ja pAraNAmAM rAkhI ucherela te, paNa pitAnA jevA ja parAkramI hatA, eNe kumArapAlanA kAMkaNunA zatru mallikArjunate harAvI kIrti meLavelI, kalacuranI rAjakumArI sAthe enAM lagna thayetra ane AnAthI ene e --pRthvIrAja tRtIya ne rirAja--thayela. A bane janma paNu gujarAtamAM ja thayele. putra arNarAja ajameranI gAdI somezvarane ApavAnA pakSamAM hatA, AthI enI khIjI rANInA putra jagadeva pitAnI hatyA karI (I.sa.11para) gAdIe beThe. enA pachIthI enA bhAI vizAladeva, je vigraharAja(caturthI) nAmathI prakhyAta che te, gAdIe kheTho. A pachI ene putra apara gAMgeya, pazu bALapaNamAM enu mRtyu thatAM pRthvIrAja dvitIya gAdIe AvyA. Anu paNa mRtyu thatAM chevaTe aja meranA variSTha sAma tee gujarAtamAMthI sAmezvarane kholAvI ajameranuM rAjya soMpyuM. sAmezvara pitAnA jevA ja parAkramI ne kaLArasika hatA. aMte nagara madira mahele badhAvavAmAM rUci hatI. vaLI eNe enA pitAnI ane svayaM potAnI pratimAe banAvaDAvelI. enA samaya daramyAnanA sikkAnA AdhAre enI Arthika samRddhi jANI zakAya che. pote zaivadhamI chatAM anya dharmAM, khAsa karIte jaina dharmI, pratye sahiSNu hatA. I.sa. 1177 mAM e mRtyu pAmatAM eno putra pRthvIrAja dvitIya ajameranI gAdIe beTho. sada : 1. eka mAnyatA anusAra aArAja kAMcanadevo prati aye!gya vartana karatA hatA, kemake enA pitA siddhagaje ene harAvela kumArapAle e durvyavahAra sahI na zakatAM aNNarAja upara caDAI karI harAvelA ane ajamerane khUpa rIte lUTeluM (jImAM bhAratIya itihAsa kA pUrva madhyayuga, pR. 203, satyaketu vidyala kAra), paraMtu A mAnyatA ye gyuM nathI. te vacce saMgharSanuM kAraNu spaSTa rIte aIIrAja semezvarane gujarAtanI gAdI maLe e pakSamAM hevAte ja gaNI zakAya, 2. DaoN. gorIza kara ejhA, rAjapUtAne kA ItihrAsa' 3. . dazaratha zarmA, dha alI cauhANa DAinesTIjha' 4, 'gujarAtanA rAjkIya ane sAMskRtika itiA, melaGIkAla' pa. durgAzaMkara zAstrI, 'gujarAte madhyakAlIna rAjapUta ItihAsa.' 6. satyaketu vidyAla'kAra, 'bhAratIya itihAkA pU -madhyuga ke. hAiskUla, jAma DeArA-360405, ji, kATa mArca/1990 10 For Private and Personal Use Only pathika

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sulatAna mahamada bIjo (i. sa. 1526) zrI. zaMbhuprasAda hai. desAI imAdulamuke sika MdaranuM khUna karI, `ma sulatAna mujhaphpharanA rAsamAM jaI, enI eka upAMganAnA cha varSanA putra nAsIrakhAnane laI AvI, aMte 'mahamadazAOM' nAma khApI gAdIe besADayo ane peAte sattA hastagata karI amIne potAnA pakSe laI levA mATe eNe darekane judA judA khitAmeA ApyA, paNa hAIne jAgIra ApI nahi tathA temaja sika MdaranuM bhUta imAde kahyuM hatuM tethI koI mIrA enI nIce kAma karavA khuzI na hatA. ee! sahu pATaNa choDI calyA gayA. saradArA amIrA sipAIe ane prajA potAnI viruddhamAM che ema jaNAtAM dulamuzke IlIyapuranA Ima dulamute meDhI rakamanI lAlaca ApI tadarabAra ane sunnatAnapura upara cAi karavA lakhyuM, eTaluM ja nahi, paNa eNe bhadrArANA sAMgAne cittoDa tathA bAdazAhu bAbarane dahI lakhI potAne madada karavA vinatI karI. A daramyAna 'mirAte sikaMdarI'nA jaNAvyA pramANe tArIkhe bahAdurazAhI'nA lekhake vaDanagarathI tAjakhAnane saMdeza mokalI ImAdulamulye bAbarane melAnyA che. e mATe yaMgya prabaMdha karavA jaNAvyuM tathA bahAdurakhAnane paDyuM gujarAtamAM tarata ja AvI javA patra lakhyA. daramyAna imAdulamukanA pragaTa zatru vajIra khudAvaMdakhAna, dhaMdhukatA jAgIradAra tAjamAna, nArapAlI ane sikaMdarane banevI sidhdhatA zAhajAde krohakhAna balUca e saue maLI sika`daranA khUTatA badalevA tathA gujarAtanI gAdI svAdhIna karavA samAcAra ApyA ane e sAthe gujarAtanA sArAmAM bahu durakhAna Ave che tene madada karavAnI che eve pracAra karyo pitAthI risAI bahAdurakhAna amada vada cheDI iDara gayA, tyAMthI caDe.Da gayA ane tyAM ene satkAra thayA, paraMtu eka muslima kA gulAma tara ke pakaDAi gayelI tene enI pAse memalatAM jayAre eNe jANyu ke kanyA muslima che tyAre eNe ene laI AvelA rAjapUtate mArI nAkhyA ane ciMtAthI bhAgI dilhI gayA. I.sa. 1526 mAM Akhare ibrAhIma lodI upara caDAI karI tyAre bahAdurakhAna enI sevAmAM hatA. pANIpatanA medanamAM te sainyo sAmasAmAM maLyuM! tyAre khA.ratA akdhana ane mughala sainikAe (dInA raunyate gher3I lIdhu. ibrAhIma lodI paNa mAM hatA. ene bacAvavA jatA koinI hiMmmata cAlI nahi tethI bahuAra hatA te lAcAra thai joi rahyA, paNa bahAdurakhAna enDa sathIone laI aMdara pravezyA ane lavAra calAvI leDhIne makta karyA. nA abhIrA huAduH khAnanuM parAkrama joI enI 'sA karavA lAgyA ane brAhIma le,dInAM svabhAva tathA rAjaya karavAnI paddhatithI ee nArAja thayelA eTake ete mArIne bahAdurakhAnane gAdIme khesADavA vicAryuM. A samAcAra pRyAhIma ledIne maLI jatAM dhAne harakata thaze e bIke bahAdurakhAna ete kathA vagara medAna cheDI cAlI nIkaLyo. eNe ghata gAme rAtriraikANa karyuM. tyAM ene svapnamAM saMta zekha phuddIne kahyu ke "jA, gujarAtane! bAdazA thA.'' A samaye jonapuranA amIrA vatI pAya dakhAna AvI maLyo ane kahyuM ke ame Apane amArA sulatAna tarIke mAnIe chIe ane tyAM patrarI takhta sa MbhALe ' e samaye khumakhAnA patra paNa maLyA. mikadaranA khutanA khate Aihula mulke sattA pacAvI 1. A pustaka maLatuM nathI, mirAte sikaMdarI vAravAra ane ke ullekha kare che. pathika mArca |1990 For Private and Personal Use Only 11

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pADI che e khabara paNa maLyA. jenapura javuM ke gujarAta e prazna bahAdurakhAna vicAramAM paDyo tethI eNe ghoDAnI lagAma chUTI mUkI, gheDe je dizAmAM jAya tyAM javuM ema niradhAra karyo ane ghoDe gujarAtanI dizAmAM cAlavA mAMDyo tethI bahAdurakhAna gujarAta tarapha AvavA nIkaLe. mArgamAM citaDa thaI mAMDa Avyo ane tyAMthI enA bhAIe cAMdakhAna ane IbrAhImakhAnA ene AvI maLyA. cAMdakhAna te rANA sAMgA pAse rahyo, paNa IbrAhImakhAna enI sAthe thaI cAlyo. jema jema AgaLa vadhate gaye tema tema vadhAre ne vadhAre saradAra AvIne maLatA gayA, bahAdurakhAnanuM saunya gaNanApAtra thaI gayuM ane e pUrNa vizvAsathI AgaLa vadhe. bahAdurakhAna gujarAtane tAja paheravA joya che enA samAcAra tyAM rahetA enA bhAI latIphakhAnane maLatAM eNe dhaMdhukAthI bahAdurakhAna sAme teDavA jatA tAjakhAnane rokI ene pitAnA pakSamAM rahevA kahyuM, paNa tAjakhAna mAnyo nahi. ImAdulamukane bahAdurakhAna AvI rahyo che e samAcAra maLatAM eNe ajhAdaulamuzkane moDAsAne thANadAra banAvI bahAdurakhAnanI kuca aTakAvavA sUcanA ApI, paNa bahAdurakhAnanI senA joI e vagara laDAIe pAcho cAlyo Avyo. Idulamuka have maraNiye thaye, eNe rAjAo ane sulatAnane moTI rakamanI lAlaca ApI potAne madada karavA patra lakhyA. ahamadanagaranA sulatAna burahAna nijhAmazAhane eNe naMdarabAra levA lakhyuM ane sAthe kiMmatI jhaverAta tathA nagada rakama mekayA. burahAna nijhAmazAhe e bheTa ravIkArI lIdhI, paNa ImAdulamukanI IcchA pramANe kAMI karyuM nahi. pilanA rAjA udayasiMhane cAMpAnera levAnA ane eka karoDa kA ApavAnuM vacana sAthe lakhyuM. chevaTa bAbara bAdazAhane siMdhumArge AvI, dIva UtarI madada karavA lAgyuM. A patra DuMgarapuranA rAjAnA hAthamAM paDI jatAM eNe bahAdurakhAnane Ape. Ama ene keIe koI paNa prakAranI sahAya karI nahi, eTaluM te nahi, paNa eNe je amIrone sogana ApI pitAne madapha karavA sAthe rAkhelA, jemane jara jhaverAta ane dhana ApeluM te paNa pharI gayA ane bahAdurakhAnane jaI maLyA. moDAsAmAM tAjakhAne bahAdurane zAhI nizAne ApyAM. bahAdUrakhAna tyAMthI harasela ane siMgAra gAma thaI gajarAta-pATaNa AvyuM ane mujhaphaphara 1 lAnI daragAhamAM kAtiyo paDhI tA. 6 zrI jalA 15ra6 nA roja sulatAna tarIke salatanatane tAja pahere che evI jAherAta karI tathA vaLate divase tyAMthI eNe zAha dabadabAthI amadAvAda javA prayANa karyuM. eNe kALupura daravAjethI praveza karI, enA pUrvaja ahamadazAha sulatAnanI kabara upara phAti paDhI, bhadramAM AvIna zAhI mahelamAM nivAsa karyo. e pachI tA. 11 mI julAIe hi.sa. 932 nI idulakti hatI te divase bhaMgAramaMDapamAM darabAra bharI, amIrone khitAbe ApI zAhI gajasenA avasenA ane pAyadaLa sAthe IdanI namAja adA karavA IdagAha upara gaye ane tyAM khUbe enA nAmano vaMcAze. A samaya daramyAna nAsIrakhAna urphe mahamUda bIjAne laI Idulamuka cAMpAneramAM bharAI beTho hato. eNe bahAdarazAhanA bhAI latIphakhAnane be vI sulatAna banAvI devAne prastAva karyo. ImAdulamukane eNe koI uttara Ape nahi eTale e hAlola cAlyo gayo. bahAdurazAha daLadaLa kUca kara mahemadAvAda ane naDiyAda thaI, bhAre varasAda hovA chatAM, hAlela pahe. ImAduka mukanA TekedAre ene AvI maLyA ane zaraNe thayA. tA. 21 mI julAIe eNe imAdulamukanA ghara pharate ghero ghAlyo tyAre khvAjA mAnaka ane yusaphe kahyuM ke "ha jovA karatAM nAsI javuM tamAre mATe [anusaMdhAna pA. 14 nIce mArca 19 pathika 12 For Private and Personal Use Only

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zikArapura TIbA oN. pulina vasA kacchane, sAMskRtika ItihAsa AthI 4500 varSa jUtA che, I. sa. pUrve 2500 varSa pahelAM kukamAM suvyavasthita haDapa kAlIna vasavATa hatA, haDappAkAlanI 100 jeTalI vasAhatomAMthI sUrATaNa pannumhe tathA dezalapuranuM utkhanana karavAmAM AvyuM che. emAM zikArapura e eka mahattvanI ane meTI vasAhata mAlUma paDI AvI che. kacchanA pUrvakanAre Avela A TIme sAkiyALIthI 196.mI dUra AvelA che. ane 5 hekaTara vistAramAM phelAyelA che. jamInathI lagabhaga 20 phUTa UMca! A TI mAM sidhusa'skRtinI vasAhatanA avazeSAnA khajAne bhale paDelA che. chellAM traNa varSathI A TIMbAnuM prAyegika gheraNe utkhanana karavAmAM AvyuM che. A varSe paNa purAtattva-niyAmaka zrI mukuMdabhAi vaLanI rAbarI heThaLa surata sAlanA zrI ena. DI. vamAM A utkhanananI kAmagIrI karI rahyA che. vaDodarA yunivarsiTInA purAtattva vibhAganA mAjI vaDA, gujarAtanA khyAtanAma purAtattvavida zrI esa. ena. caudharI krikaeNmsa karI A utkhanananA salAhakAra tarIke sevA ApI rahyA che, u- khanana daramyAna zedhI kaDhAmAM AvelI vastuSe A TIkhe kaDAkAlIna DAvAnu ane ahI. lAMbe samaya vasavATa ye Tuva nuM temaja / vasAhatanA e samayanI meseperTaniyA(madhyapUrva)x nI vasAhatA sAthe vepArI saMbaMdho hevana darzAve che. ahIM'nA leka kalAkAra dharmiSTha sughaDa tathA zokhIna hovAnA purAvA maLI AvyuM che ahIthI moTA pramANamAM suMdara ane judI judI natanAM mATInAM vAsaNa athavA enA TukaDA maLI AvyA che, jemAM 1 citrakAravALAM lAlaraMganAM vAsaNa, 2 khUba suMdara rIte peliDa karelAM vAsaNe, 3 kANAM-kANAMvALa! vAmaNa (pIDa poTarI), 4 poliza karelAM vAsaNa, 5 slipa peTarI ane 6 kharakhacaDAM temaja DijhAinavALAM vAsaNa mukhya che. ahIMthI mese pe2niyAnI yukretika tathA tAigrIsa nadIne kAMThe vasavATa karatA samakAle na lee banAvela vAsaNAnuM maLI Avavu. paradeza sAthenA vepArI sabaMdhone puravAra karI mApe che. ahIMnA leka khUba ja saudaryapriya hovA joie. emanAM AbhUSomAM vaparata judI judI RtanA puSkaLa mA ahIMthI maLI AvyA che. A maNukA akIka kArneliyama ane sTImeTAITa pesTamAMthI banelA che. sUkSma kadanA (1 mI.mI.thI nAnA) makAothI mAMDIne 1 se. mI. jeTalA meATA maNakA temaja lAla ane sapheda capaTA maNakA (DisTa khIDa) maLI AvyA che. mahI maNakA banAvavAnA udyoga have jo che, kAraNa ke maNakAgmAmAM kANuM pADavAmAM vaparAtI judI judI kedana zAhanI ke moTA prakhAmAM maLI AvI che. vaLI A makA khUba utkRSTa kalAkAroe banAvyA haze ane tevI aMtre khuba sudara simeTrikala ane vacce kANu pADelA che. pakavelI bhATInI citarAmaNu karelI beMgaDImo temaja zaMkha chIpalAMnI baMgaDIe paNa maLI che. pakavelI mATInI nImeka jeTalI ramakaDAM-gADIe temaja AbhalAM maLI AvyAM che. A ramakaDAMgADIo haDappA-saMskRtinI khAsiyata gaNAya che. trikANakAranI pakavelI mATInI judA judA kadanI TukaDIo (pheksa) meTI saMkhyAmAM nIkaLI che. enA saMkhyA eTalI moTI che ke jarUra e rAja- pathika mA 1990 13 For Private and Personal Use Only

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bejanA vaparAzamAM AvatI haze; joke purAtatvavido mAM AnA upaga bAbata zuM nakkI thaI zakayuM nathI. akIkamAMthI banAveluM suMdara vajana tele paNa maLela che. ahIM vasavATa dariyAkinArA najIka hatA ane e samayanA le ke mAchImArI karatA enA purAvArUpa mAchalAM pakaDavAnA gala maLI AvyA che. mAchalInAM nAnAM moTAM hADakAM tathA karacalAna zarIranA bhAga maLI AvyAM che. e samayanA loko khetI karatA ane bAjarI juvAra cekhA ugADatA. utakhanana daramyAna cekhAnA dANA tathA juvAra bAjarI maLI AvyAM che, svastikanA cihnavALuM lekeTa sIla) paNa maLI AvyuM che, je ApaNA pavitra svastikanI upattine 5000 varSa vahelI dUra oMchI jAya che. bhagavAna zaMkara tathA svastika dethI paNa ghaNA samaya pahelAMnA le kenI kalpanA hatA e paNa puravAra thAya che. TIMbAnI pazcima dizAmAM rAkhatA DhagalA paDayA che, jenA vize purAtatvavide e dhAtu gALavAnI bhaTTa - bhAga heya ema mAne che. ahIM gheravADe athavA maDadAM dATavAnI jagyAo hevAnuM paNa anumAna che. kAraNa ke maDadAM dATatI vakhate sAthe kha AmAM AvatAM vAsaNa tyAMthI maLI AvyAM che. Ama dariyAkinAre vasavATa karatA, DAMgara bAjarI juvAnI khetI karatA, mAchalI pakaDatA, khUba suMdara AbhUSaNa banAvatA. mATInAM vA paNa banAvatA ane paradeza sAthe vepAra karatA A prAcIna leke vizenI ghaNI vadhu mAhitIo zikArapuramAM daTAyelI paDI che. eno aMta? ene aMta lagabhaga bhayaMkara AgathI AvyA joIe, kAraNa ke TIMbAne kheDadata rAkhanuM eka moTuM paDa maLI AvyuM che. tethala ane haDapathI zikApunA avazeSa saheja judA che. thala ane 865 zaherI vasavATa hatAM, tyAM khUba suMdara nagaracanA hatI temaja tyAMnA makAna pakavelI IMTonAM banAvelAM hatAM. jayAre ApaNuM zikApura gAmaDuM haze ahInAM makAna kAcI mATInI ITanAM athavA paththaranA TukaDAothI bAdhelAM che. A AkhA TIMbAnuM khanana karavAne eka paptAna sarakAra samakSa mUkavAmAM AvyuM che. kepyuTara tathA Adhunika purAtattavanI TekAle ane upayoga karI eka cheDethI bIjA cheDe sudhI moTA pAye ukhanana karavAnI yojanA che. atyAra sudhI A janAnA kAMI pratibhAva Abe navI. hAlamAM to zrI varmA ane emanI sA vIda re, kaI sarjana atizaya saMbhALaYka peTanuM oparezana karate teya teTalI ja raka bhALa ane trIjutAthI, dharatInuM oparezana karI emAMthI jhINI mAhitI meLavavA mathI rahyA che. The. nagarasabhAnI bAjumAM, mAMDavI-37465 (kaccha) anusaMdhAna pA. 12 nAthA] hitAvaha che" tyAre mAre javAba Apyo ke 'huM kema karIne na su ? mAra karatI ane mAthA upara nAgI talavAre tA.AI hahI che." eNe ema paNa kahyuM hovAnuM kahevAya che ke meM khoTuM karyuM che? je meM sika daranuM khUna na karyuM hota te bahAdurazAha latAna the De thaI zakya heta ?" - jyAre tAjakhAne ghere ghAle tyAre mAtra cha varSanI vaya cAra mAsa kahevAtuM rAjya bhegavI nAsIrakhanA bharAI gaye, paNa enuM nAma jUnAgaDha jillAnA gAma UnAnA taLAvanA zilAlekhamAM lakhAyuM che. A zilAlekha zrAvaNa suda 8, vi.saM. 1522 ne eTale I.sa. 152 6 nI julAInI 17 mI tArIkhane che temAM jaNAvyA pramANe sulatAna mahamadanA samayamAM meraThanA maMtrI kAyastha matAnA putra patAnI traNa pAnAo lAlo mA dAI ane haribAI e A taLAvane punaruddhAra karyo che. che. "ojasa', TAunahola sAme, saradAracoka, jUnAgaDha- 2001 mArca71990 pathika For Private and Personal Use Only

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' ' harijana keI eka kema nathI zrI. rohiNI pRthvIrAja "harijana" eTale eka kAma evI samaja mArA mana para chavAyelI rahI hatI. harijana' nAmakaraNa mahAtmA gAMdhIe karyuM hatuM. e cha ! kADhatA tenuM nAma "harijana" rAkhyuM hatuM. emaNe perelI, sevA-saMsthAnuM nAma paNa "rijana sevaka saMgha' paDayuM hatuM. jene aDavAthI bIjI varNanA abhaDAtA tevA badhAnI oLakha "harijana" banI gaI. e uttarotara ghUMTAtI gaI emAM e saunI oLakhANanAM mULa DhaMkAtAM gayAM. have te vaLI saMzodhana karavAvALA emAM lAgaze tyAre enA mULa padharAM thaze, paNa tyAre enAM mUlya paNa "eka abhyAma" "eka saMzodhananAM ja hAtha Avaze. tyAre eTaluM moDuM thayuM haze ke ene bIjo kazo khapa rahyo nahi hoya. kaccha sivAyanA bhAratanI te mane khabara nathI, paNa kaccha mAM "harijana"nI oLakha pAmelA badhA eka kemanA nathI evuM mArA jevA mAM AvyuM che vaLI, e kome paikI koI eka kemane bIjI koma sAthe beTI -vahevAra che. nadI ja, badhe pasaMgo patane nAta-jamaNamAM riTInAya vahevAra emane nathI. matathI harAchAne prazna paNa nA kemene eka-sarakhe lAgu paDatuM nathI. amakane te e nAma mAtrane che ane amane te bhAva nathI, bAma che e kAma paNa A "harijana'nI oLakhamAM AvI gaI che; jemake kacchI "garavA kAma, garavA vyavasAye ghaNAkharA darajI che athavA vaNakara. mAbA para je pATIdAranI mukhya vasatIne gAmamAM garavA dara nI paMdara-vIsa dukAna che ane e badhI jAhera mArga para AvelI che tevA pATIra paTele.ne gharanI beThakamAM cAle che. A dune para saune vahevAra hAthohAthane che. bIjI eka kAma "yaraNiyA'nI che. e mULe pI cAra-garI sAthe saMkaLAyelI che. mA meTerAene evuM kahetA sAMbhaLyA che ke vItA vakhatamAM te "sa.the besI janatA" ane aTaka saTaka eka bhANe besIne paNa jamI levAtuM. lApasI ke bI DImAM vacce vacce lITA tANI be bhAga jA darzAvI devAtA. "cAraNiyA' e gaDha nA "vAkara." ca karane arva Akara' thaze. Akara' eTale kahyAva- AjJAti." gaDhavI enA hAjA paNa e e bharI bA 5 hekAnI vAta to jarAkAra jANI zake che ke hakA bharI ApanArane hekAnA dama bhI mere sAmA pI loka karI ApavAnA hoya che. garavA kacchI bole che, jayAre cAraNiyA cAraNa be sI becanArA che. trIjA ekanuM darzana thAya che te te savA ze savizeSa che. e che "mahezvarI ke. mahezvarI komanA saMsthApaka mAtaMgadeva hatA. kacchanA rAjavIne rAjayAbhiSekanuM tilaka chevaTa sudhI mAtaMga ja karatA rahyA hatA. A badhuM jotAM ne jANatAM e prazna ciTa bane che te A badhI kema harijananI oLakhamAM kevI rIte samAI. Aje paNa emanI dharmasabhAo tema dharmAcAranA avasaroe emane pizAka rajavADI vezabhUSAne hoya che. eka graMthastha thayelI kapakarNanI ItihAsakathA ke jenI prastAvanA zrI, ke. kA. zAstrIjIe lakhI che temAM nadhiAyelI mukhya mukhya vAta TUMkamAM evI vaMcavAmAM AvI che ke mahezvarInI oLakha dharAvatI kema mahezapaMthI che. enA saMsthApaka mAtaMgadeva bhagavAna zaMkaranA avatAra kahevAtA hatA. mAtaMgadevane janma siMdhanA sau nagaramAM mAtRSi ane emanAM patnI jazadevIthI alaukika yoge thayo kahevAya che. emanAM lagna gehilavADanA rAjA pUnasiMha gohilanAM moTA putrI zekhAde sAthe thayAM hatAM. emanA putranuM nAma luNaMgadeva hatuM. emanI trIjI peDhI e "mAmai paMDita' avataryA hatA. deva keTalI mahAvapurInA pathika mArca/ 10 For Private and Personal Use Only

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thAvaranAM devAMzI putrI pUnarakhI sAthe devI saMjoge lagnagraMthithI joDAyA hatA. Aje paNa mahezvarIenA pIranI pAghaDI A gAme ja baMdhAya che. yogAnuMyege emanA vartamAna pIra gAma phoTaDInA ja vatanI che. gAma keTaDI "keTaDI mahAdevapurInA nAme oLakhAya che. ahIMnA zaMkara-maMdirane keTezvara kahe che. enA paracAnI aneka kahANIo pracalita che. A gAme mahezapaMthIenI vasAhata keTezvaranI bAju mAM ja AvelI che. sUrNa gadevanA putra mAtaideva, raja cAMda seDhAne enA pUrva bhavanuM smaraNa karAvI, enI kuMvarI vINadevIne varyA hovAnuM kahevAya che. mAddevanA putra mAmaideva jAma abaDAnI putrI bhurIdevIne paraNA hatA. mAtaMgadevanA vaMzaja ane enA anuyAyI mahezapaMthIo Aje paNa emanA paMthanI AsthAniSThAnA zreSTha AcAranuM jIvana jIve che. emanA samAjamAM enAM mUhala pAyAnAM rahyAM che. A mahezvarI-samAjamAM mAgha mahinAne ghaNe mahimA pravarte che. A mAsamAM "mAghasnAnanuM vata rakhAya che. "mAghasnAnanuM vrata jamAnAevI pracalita che, vAMcavA maLe che te pramANe AryAvartamAM veda-kAlathI enuM Acara zuM thAya che. mAghasnAnanuM vrata rAkhanArA para samUhamAM snAna artha nIkaLe che ane snAna karatI veLAe ekameka para ThaMDA pANInA ghaDa ThAlave che. snAna pachI devapUjana kare che. mAghasnAnanuM vrata rAkhanArA ughADe page raDe che, yukatapaNe saMyama pALe che, paheravAoDhavAmAM paNa vratane anurUpa rahe che, dharatI para sUe che. kacchamAM Aje A samAja kacchano anya ghaNuM kAna karatAM vicAre ane AcAre UMcI bhUmikAnI raheNI-karaNI sAcavatA jovA maLe che. ApaNuM mana 'DethI emane mATe ya Adara rahe che. AvA A samAjane paNa anya samA harijanano eLakhamAM ApaNe ThelI dIdho che. karavAnuM to e thAya che ke A samAjanI sAcI oLakha upasAvavAmAM Ave ane enA mahimA ane Adarane jagAvavAmAM Ave. harijananI oLakha pAmelI kathanI anya jAtiomAM eka "mAravADA' jAti che ane bIjI eka garjarA jati che. A badhI jAtanA sAmAjika rIta-rivAja ane vrata-tahevAra temaja devIdevAdi ane pUjApATha pitAnAM nAnAM-ane khe che. A jAtamAM koI eka jAtinI peTAjAtio paNa nathI. A badhA samAja "harijana'nA eLakha pAmInuM ane e oLakhamAM dAyakAothI rahIne vAstavamAM talabhAra paNa ekatA pAmyA nathI tathA samAje ane rAjya emane jevA TharAvI rAkhyA che tevA ne tevA e potAne mAnI beThA che. koI eka samAjanA bhUtakALa ghaNe thatI pAmele paNa hAya che. evA eka vaMzanA pate vaMzaja che ane potAnA pUrva saMskArasaMpanna hatA eno satata yAda yAtaka citpaNe preraNAdAyI rahe che ane Ajano dazA e pitAnA pUrvajone vAraso navA e hakIkata evA samAjane UMce UThavAnA saMka95 ane paraSArthane prerI zake che. A badhA "hArajana"nI eALakhamAM samAyAthI emane koI sAmAjika utthAnane mArga ke meke thayo nathI. mArA vicAre A jatiee "harijana" oLakhane turata surata tyAga karavA para vicAra karI levuM jarUrI thAya che. koI karatAM koI saMdarbhamAM 'rijananA oLakhamAM cAlu rahevuM koI arthanuM nathI, emaNe pitAnA para parAgata oLakha ane aTaka dhAraNa karI rAkhavI joIe ane anuvaMzane vicAra karIne lehInA saMbaMdha mATe sabhAna thavuM joIe. AvI zarUAta eo matadAronI yAdI tema rezanakArDa ane zALA-mahAzALAmAM nAmanA dhaNI dvArA tarata karI zake. pitatAnA samAjamAM A mArca 1990 t For Private and Personal Use Only

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soga para carcA yejIne sAka vicAra kare ane nirNaya kare e saunA hitanu thaze. jo AvuM nahi thAya te A 'hirajana' eLakha emane mATe eka vaLagaN thaI raheze. sthaLAMtaranA sa'joge nirvAsita thayela kAI eka jAti jyAre eka ja lAcArInI dazAmAM AvI paDe che. tyAre e kAI ekAdA baLUkA samAjanI Azrita bhune che, Azraya ApanAranu e dAsatva svIkAre che ane dAsatvanI zaratAne agIkAra kare che ane evAM kAma soMpAya che ke je kAmathI anya sau cheTAM-AghAM thatAM hoya. evAM kAma na-chUTake peTane khAtara emaNe svIkAryAM haze tethI ee 'aMtyaja' gaNAtA thayA haze ane para'parA pachI emane bAkInAethI judA pADI dIdhA haraoN, e ja AbhaDacheTa ane e ja chUtAchUtanA sa MjogamAM pariNamyuM. haraze, A sa Mjoga emane sadI gayelAM vartAya che. e sadI javAnAM vizeSa kAraNu ta'mAM tA Ave che. 3. AbhaDacheTa ane chUtAchUte emanuM rakSaNa paNa karyu che. AbhaDacheTa emane mATe rakSaNanuM kavaca athavA lakSmaNlRrekhA' paNa banI rahI che, emanA strIvarganA janmArAnI aNIzuddha maryAdA tathI sacavAI che. jyAM emanA vasavATa hoya tyAM bIjI avarajavaranA AAmApa niSedha rahe che. tyAM Avavu javuM ane besavuM UThavuM to dUranI vAta rahe e samajAya evu che, jAtIya saMbaMdhonuM lapasANa ma paNa vagAvAya che tyAre achUta sAthetA evA joga te bhavATavIyA TALI nAkhanArA thAya ane ene bhAga bananAra te achUtanAya achUta banI jAya, AvI dhAstIe premanu adbhuta rakSaNa paNa karyuM che. AvA amanA sa'joganI bIjI sArI phalazruti evI nApajI che ke enAthI ee vadhumAM vadhu ekAMgI ane nimnanadA thatAM gayA. emanA bhaktibhAva taryA vikasatA rahyA che ane emanA jIvanamAM UMDANuM bhajananA Adha ogaLatA rahI UrjA sAthe ekarasa banIne emanAM jivatarane bhAvita karatA rahyA che. sadI gayelA A saMjogamAMthI mukti che, emAM sAmAjika sudhArA (sAziyala riphrAmsa) ja khUTatAM rahyAM che. The. navI sAsAyaTI, koTakanagara, 'rAdhe rAdhe', bhASApara-370020 (kaccha) apAvavAne vicAra samAje karavAne che. punarvasavATa tA ThIka [anusaMdhAna pA, 18 nIcethI dazanAmI saMpradAyanA sAdhu-sa te mahatA ane mahadhArIe ahI jamAta laine ghaNA samaya zrAvaNu mahinAmAM rahetA hatA, vArayALavADAmAM paNa zrI zaMkarAcchAyanA maDa jevA maLe che. samayanI raphatAra pachI zrIlAkhezvara mahAdevanuM A navIna maMdira hAlanuM banyu che. lAkhukhADa AgaLa jUtA pArasa pIpaLA che tenAM pAMdaDAMmAMthI eka vakhate dUdha Tapakatu hatu, jenAmAMthI kahevAya che ke zrI zaMkarAcAryajIe aneka guNa darzAvIne vRkSane mahimA vadhArela. jUnI phUI pazu khamAranA ghara AgaLa hatI...navA pANunI racanA pachI ahI brahmakSatriya kAma kADara gADha kAma karatI ane gardInA moTA bhATa hatA. ahIM gaLiyArAne lImaDo paNa meAjuda che, kharAdIvADAnA mistrI suthAre| zrI lAkhezvara mahAdevane peAtAnA ISTa deva tarIke mAne che ane A maMdiranA punaHvikAsamAM pADhaNunA jANItA ane gujarAtamAM bAMdhakAmamAM nAma meLavela zrI kRSNAlAla mehanatAla mistrI potAnA sAdhIdArA sAthe dAdAnI sevA kare che ane cha[dvAra ke. vI. pI. hAiskUla, mu. vIranagara, ji. rAjakeTa-360060 karI rahyA che, pathika mArca 1990 For Private and Personal Use Only 17

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zrI lAkhezvara mahAdeva [mu. pATaNa zrI manasukha ema svAmI pATaNa nagarI madhyAne zobhatA zrI lAkhezvara mahAdeva, manokAmanA siddha thAtI, zrIzaMkarAcArye sthApyA mahAdeva." bhAratIya saMskRtinI jyota AryonA vakhatathI dedIpyamAna rIte vizvamAM prakAzita thaI rahI che ane emAMya gujarAtamAM jyAre cInanA yAtrALu hyuenasaMge pote najare joyuM tyAre te khuza thaI gayelo...valabhI vidyApITha temaja hiMdusaMskRtinI jyotathI e aMjAI gayele ane eNe pitAnI seMdhapothImAM TAMkeluM che ke "gujarAta e hiMdudhamanI jAta-samAna che ane muslimadhamanI ahIM manAI pharamAvI che. I. sa. 63." rAja harSavardhana hiMdu rAjavI pachI ApaNA gujarAtamAM musvimasattA temaja jaina dharmanI TUMsAtuMsI vadhI, hiMdu dharmanI paDatI thavA lAgI kyAreka kayAreka dharmanI jUthabaMdhIone lIdhe moTA saMgharSa paNa thavA lAgyA. vedamAM spaSTa lakheluM che ke "samAne manca, samitiH samAnI, samAna manaH sahacittamAma - ba ja maMtra eTale ke viyara sarakhA che, samiti samAna che, mana samAna che ane citta kahetAM buddhi paNa samAna che." TUMkamAM, e samaye sau mAnavIo bhAIcArAnI daSTie dhamanI beTI carcAmAM UtaravA karatAM enA pAyA tarapha samAna buddhithI jotA hatA. tarka karavAthI dharmane nAza thAya che. ApaNuM veda-purANa kahe te sAcuM mAnatA...ema chatAM hiMdudharmamAM matamatAMtaro thavAthI enA judA judA pakSa thayA ane saMgaThana nabaLuM paDayuM. hAlanuM pATaNa te navuM che, je (I. sa. 1500 pachI) pAMca varasanI AsapAsa muslimazAsana daramyAna baMdhAyuM che, paraMtu hAlanA traNa daravAjAnI pAzcame hatuM te jUnuM pATaNa vanarAja cAvaDAe vi. saM. 802 nI sAlamAM zaizAkha suda bIja ne somavAre pitAnA mitra aNahilla bharavADanI yAdamAM aNahilapattana" tarIke bAMdheluM, je hAla "anAvADAnA apabhraMza nAme jANItuM che, jenA zilAlekha gaNapatinI piLanA maMdire jovA maLe che. A pahelAM gujarAtamAM trika rAjavIo 2 ja karatA hatA ane ahIM jUnuM nagara "lAkSArAma nAme hatuM, jemAM jaina zAsanakartAe vahIvaTa karatA hatA. rAjayAzraya maLatAM e vakhatamAM jaina dharmanAM aneka derAsare A vistAramAM hatAM. paMcAsara nA rAjavI rAjA jayazikharIne kalyANanA nAgabhaTe mArI pitAnuM zAsana jamAvyuM tyAre nAnakaDA vanarAja cAvaDAnuM pAlana-poSaNa jana muni dvArA thayeluM, pAchaLathI vanarAje jayAre navuM nagara ahilapattane vasAvyuM tyAre jainadharmane mahattva maLyuM. e samaye pATaNanA "lAkSArAma"nI bAjumAM Avela agravAra (hAlanuM adhAra gAma) gAma rAjavIee vidyAthI e mATe arpaNa kareluM. sarasvatI nadInuM vaheNa e samaye hAlanA aghAra gAma AgaLathI jhINIta pAse thaIne lokhaMkhIDa eTale ke pANInI DI khADa haze tyAM thaIne nIkaLatuM haze. A vistAramAM kahevAya che ke zrIzaMkarAcAryajI dvArA lAkhezvara mahAdevanI pratiSThA thaI hatI. zrIlAkhezvara mahAdevanI e vakhatamAM khUba ja jAherajalAlI hatI ane saMnyAsI-maThe ahIM zobhatA hatA. [anusaMdhAna pA. 17 nIce mArca 190 pathika For Private and Personal Use Only

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kAlAvaDanuM purAtana (purAtananA muddA) zrI yazavaMta ha. upAdhyAya hAlAramAM kAlAvaDa tAlukAnA nAnA bhalasANa berAjAnI dakSiNa dizAmAM lagabhaga ekAda ki. mI.nA aMtare Avela kharAbA tathA khetaravALI jagyAethI junA samayanAM ThIkarAM, lekhakane kiTADe ane le khaMDanA gaThThA tathA mATInA vAsaNanA TukaDA dekhAya che. A vAsaNe bhAtIgaLa che. jUnA samayamAM ahI' kaI vasavATa hoya evuM lAge che, jenA AdhAra tarIke kaI burAyelA kUvAnA avazeSa maLI AvyA che. tyAM junA samayamAM vaDiyuM gAma hoya evuM vRddhonA mukhethI sAMbhaLavA maLyuM che. bhalasANa gAma vasyA pahelAMnuM e sthaLa che. bhalasANa gAmane vacce cAra varasa thayAM haze e vAtane anubhavIonuM samarthana maLe che. berAjAnI AthamaNI dizAe kANAnA karIne eka TIo che. bAMgA gAmathI eka ki.mI, uparanA bhAge ugamaNI dizAe eka bIjo TIMbe che. hathaLanI sImamAM IzAna bAjue berAjAnA sImADe jeDyAdAnI jagyA tarIke oLakhAto ujajaDa TIMbA nAmane vistAra che. bhalasANa gAmanI maitra tya tarapha navA gAmataLamAM eka jUnuM maMdira che, je chataraDI jevuM che. aMdara pALiyA paNa che. grAmasaMskRtinuM dhabakatuM sthaLa eTale cere. samagra gAmanuM darzana karavAne badale gAmanA cerA pAse besavAthI ApaNane e gAmanA le ke jIvanane ItihAsa ane samAjajIvanane paricaya maLI Ave che. hAlAra paMthakamAM AvA keTalAka corAnAM citro suMdara ItihAsa saMdarbha banI rahe tevAM che, jemAM umarALA gAmamAM Avela corAnAM citro (navA gAmanI bAjumAM A gAma Avela che, caMdrAgA (cAvaDA) gAmamAM eka kuMbhAre dorelAM citro lagabhaga so varasa uparanAM che. dhutArapara (paziyAnI bAjumAM) jyAM eka sAdhue dorelA citro lagabhaga sATha varasa jUnAM che. A citro dvArA e samayanA samAjajIvananuM darzana karavAmAM saraLatA rahe che A citra kAmapradezamAMthI sAhajika rIte maLI Ave tevA padArthomAMthI banAvelAM hoya che. ama sthAnanI aMdara rAmAyaNa mahAbhArata ke bhagavAna zrIkRSNanI lIlAnA prasaMga jovA maLe che. paraMtu tyAM sthaLatapAsa karI kayA citArAe keTalA samaya pahelAM banAvyAM haze e badhI vigato saMkalita karavA jevI che. keI jijJAsuonI saMzodhanavRtti A tarapha jAgrata thAya e hetuthI purAtananA be nAnA muddA ahIM rajU karyA che. ke, masjidazerI, kAlAvaDa- 361430 sthApanA tA. 11-10- 27 phena : 553291/558205 dhI baroDA siTI ko-opareTiva benka, li. ji. oNphisaH saMsthAvasAhata, rAvapurA, vaDodarA-390001 zAkhAo : 1. saradArabhavana jyubilI bAga pAse, Te. naM. 541824 2. paththarageTa pAse, Te. naM. 541931 3. phategaMja carcanI sAme, Te. naM. 329364 4. saradAra chAtrAlaya, kArelIbAga, Te. naM. 64812 dareka prakAranuM baeNnkiMga kAmakAja karavAmAM Ave che. menejara kAMtibhAI DI. paTela maMtrI : caMdrakAMtabhAI cu. paTela pramukha: kIkAbhAI paTela pazi mArca/10 1S S For Private and Personal Use Only

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kAThiyAvADanA rAjakIya paricaya [19 mI sadI] zrI. gAviMda pa. makavANA pUrva bhUmikA : je bhUmie sa Mta zarIra ane dAtAra jevAM ratnAnI bheTa ApI che tevI bhUminA vi-lekhakoe emanI leAkakayAe zaurya kathA ane kAvya vagere racanAomAM jenI bhAtIgaLa saMskRtinAM mukta haiye vakhANu karyAM che tevI A bhUminu 'kAThiyAvADa' nAma marAThAonA gujarAtamAM thayelA Agamana daramyAna paDelu che. jyAre saurASTramAM marAThAnAM lazkAnI uparA-uparI laDAIe thaI tyAre A pratimAM ghaNA TaTAkhera ane luTArAe tarIke prakhyAta thayela mAthAbhAre kAThI jamInaghare emanA jovAmAM AvyA e kAraNe marAThAoe A prAMtanuM nAma 'kAThiyAvADa' pADayuM hatuM. tyArabAda mA prAMtane vahIvaTa maraDA pAsethI aMgreja sarakAranI hastaka AvyA tyAre emaNe paNa kAThiyAvADa' nAma cAlu rAkhyuM. Ama samaya jatAM enuM prAcIna samayanuM 'surASTra' nAma asta pAmyu' ane 'kAThiyAvADa' nAma pracalita banI gayuM.. ApaNAM purANA ane jUnA aitihAsika zilAlekhAne abhyAsa karatAM spaSTa jaNAya che ke enu prAcInakAlathI cAlatuM AvatuM' nAma 'surASTrA' ke kacin 'saurASTra' hatuM, throka ane cIna dezanA prathAmAMthI paNa A nAma maLe che. mulamana lekoe ene 'saurASTra uparathI apabhraMza thayelA 'sAraDa' nAmathI oLakhyA che. keTalAka aMgreja graMthakAroe 'saurASTra' eTale ke sUrya puSpaka lekArA deza eve! a karela che. 'kAphiyAvADa' nAma kharekhara dvIpakalpa vaccenA eka pradeza ke jemAM kADhI leAkeAnI vastI ghaNu' karI vadhu pramANamAM che tene ja ApI zakAya. rAjakIya vahIvaTI vibhAga : 'kAThiyAvADa sarvasa Mgra'mAM saurASTranA dasa vibhAga rzAvelA che, jemAM rAjA ThAkora garAsiyA- maLIne 197 rAsthAna hatAM temAM sauthI moTAmAM moTu sa sthAna jAmanu 28 lAkha rUpiyAnI vArSIka Avaka dharAvatu hAlAra sasthAna hatuM temaja nAnAmAM nAtAM vAMDho pazu hatA. sane 1863 mAM kArDiyAvADanA badhA rAjA rANu!enA emanI sattAnuM dhoraNa nakkI karI sAta varga karavAmAM AvyA hatA. prathama varganAM cAra rajavADAM navAnagara jUnAgaDha bhAvanagara ane dhrAMgradhrA tathA khIjA varganAM nava rajavADAM potAnA vahIvaTa svataMtra rIte pote karatAM hatAM ane anya saMsthAne vahIvaTa emanA darajajA pramANe aMgreja sarakAranA poliTikala ejanTa sAthe maLIne karatA hatAM, keTalAka ThAkArAne to dovAnI ke phojadArI satA bilakula ApavAmAM Avela na hatI tevAM paNa keTalAMka nAnAM sasthAna hatAM. aMgreja sarakAra taraphathI A prAMtamAM peAtAnI hakUmata vyavasthita cAle e mATe khane barAbara dekharekha rAkhavA poliTikala ejanTanI dekharekha heThaLa saurASTranA cAra vahIyaTI viga nakkI karAmAM AvyA hatA Rne A cAya vibhAgonA alaga alaga AsisTanTa peliTikala ejanTanA namaNUka karavAmAM Avela hatI. A cAra vibhAga 'hAkAra' 'seraTha' gehilavADa' ane jhAlAvADa'nA meLa khAtA hatA. hAlAraH gujarAtanA sulatAna bahAdurazAha(I. sa. 1526-36)nA zAsananA aMtakANamAM khetI sattA prAMtamAMthI ghaNI ochI thaI gaI hatI. kacchanA eka saradAra jAma rAvaLe moTI phoja sAthe kacchanA raNamAM thaIne AvIne, A prAMtamAMnA kreTalAka pradeza jItI laIne I. sa. 195 mAM petAnI 0 gujarAta itihAsa pariSadanA 25 thI 27-11-88nA kalakattA adhivezanamAM svIkRtta ane vaheMcAyela nibaMdha 20 mArca/1990 pathika For Private and Personal Use Only

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sattAno amala karyo hatA ane A prAMtanuM nAma pAtAnA pUrvaja 'jAma hAlA'nA nAma upathI hAlAra' nAma ApyuM. I. sa. 1540 mAM jAma rAvaLe ragamatI ane nAgamatI nadInA saMgama upara 'navAnagara' nAmanuM potAnI rAjadhAnInuM zahera vasAvyu.. hAlAra dvIpakalpanI vaccevacce ane vAyavyuM khUNAmAM che temAM prathama varganuM navAnagara (hAlanu' jAmanagara), khIjA varganAM mArakhI dhroLa rAjakoTa ane goMDaLa, cothA varganAM kATaDA vIrapura ane mALiyA tathA pAMcamA varganAM gavarIdaDa pAla gAkhA ane jALiyA-devaDI temaja 19 thANAM hAlAramAM Avela hatAM ane badhA jADeA rAjapUtAnA vazo hatA tathA emane badhAne uparI jAma hAlAramAM hatA. : gAhilavADa : mULa mAravADanA vatanI geDile I. sa. 1260 mAM sejakajInI saragharI nIce seAramAM AvyA. rA'kheMgAre emane eka gAma ApyuM, jenuM nAma sejakajIe 'sejapura' pADyuM hatuM. samaya jatAM enA vaMzavAraso vadhatAM emanA vaMzajanA ziheranA bhAvisa hajIe 1922 mAM marAThAnI phrIjane ziramAMthI peAtAnI hiMmata ane caturAthI hAMkI kADhI tethI emanI sattA vadhavA lAgI. emaNe potAnA saMsthAnanI AAsapAsane mulaka jItavAnA AraMbha karyAM ane eka pachI eka thANAM jItI lIdhAM, ema chatAM emane kAie aTakAvyA nahi. emaNe musalamAnanuM sauthI meTu leAliyANAnuM thANu kamaje karyuM hatu. Ama emaNe aneka thANAM-gAma petAnA hastagata karI I. sa. 1753 mAM bhAvanagara saMsthAna sthApyuM. gahalavADa soraThanI pUrve ane ane izAna khUNAmAM che temAM pahelA varSoMnuM bhAvanagara, khIjA varganuM pAlItANA, trIjA varganu vaLA ane jasadaNa, cAthA varganuM lAThI ane taduparAMta 60 thANAM gADilavADamAM Avela hatAM. gohilavADanA moTA bhAgo mulaka gAhila rAjapUtAnA tAbAmAM hatA tethI ene 'gAhilavADa' tarIke oLakhavAmAM AvatA hatA. sAra : I. sa. 1738 mAM gujarAtanA sUbA meAmInakhAnano vagathI zerakhAna bAbI se rAne nAyaba phojadAra nimAyeA hatA. tyArapachI e ja varSamAM zerakhAne peAtAnA bApanI jAgIra dheAdhAnA paNa jo prApta karyAM hatA. meraThamAM gAyakavADa khaMDaNI ugharAvatA hatA. dAmAe I. sa. 1766 mAM kAnajI tAkaparane A prAMtamAM khaDaNI ugharAvavA mekakSe hatA. eNe vathaLI zahera kaLaje karyAM, paraMtu 1748 mAM gujarAtamAM e pAche! gayA hatA. A vakhate zekhAta khAkhIe gujarAtanA mAmalamAM dakhala karavAnu che|DI dIdhu hatu ane 'bahAdurakhAna' nAma tathA 'navAbane khitAba dhAraNa karI jUnAgaDhamAM svataMtaMtra rAjyanI eNe sthApanA karI. Ama seraThanI phojadArIne A rIte a Mta Avyo ane sAraha rAjya' banyuM hatu. sAraDha dakSiNa ane agni khUNAmAM Avela che temAM prathama traMtu jUnAgaDha, khIjA vanuM japharAbAda, trIjA varganuM perabaMdara tathA mANAvadara, ceAthA vaMtu jetapura, pAMcamA varSoMnuM AMTavA tathA visAvadara ane be chaThThA varganAM maMsthAne tathA 23 thANAM seraDha prAMtamAM Avela hatAM. emAMnA moTA bhAganAM saMsthAnA muslima rAjyA hatAM jhAlAvADa : jhAlAvADa kAThiyAvADa prAMtanA uttara bhAgamAM che, enAM ghaNAkharAM sa'sthAnAnA rAjA jhAlA rAjapUtenA vaMzaja che tethI enu' nAma 'jhAlAvADa' paDyuM hatuM. dhrAMgadhrAnA rAjA 'rAjasAreba' tarIke oLakhAtA hatA ane e jhAlA rAjapUtAnA uparI hatA jhAlA vaMzane mULa sthApaka harapAla makavAze. 13 mI sadImAM kacchathI gujarAtamAM AvI karaNa vAdhelAnI rAjyanI sevAmAM joDAyA hatA ane tyArabAda peAtAnI sattA vadhArIne aAvazajoe alaga svataMtra rAjgyAnI sthApanA karI hatI. jhAlAvaDanI aMdaranA bhAgamAM dhrAMgadhrA vAMkAnera lIMbaDI ane vaDhavANa saMsthAnA jhAlA rAjapUtAnA vazanAM hatAM. enI dakSiNe paMcAla che ane emAM jhAlA rAjapUtAnA vaMzanAM thAna ane sAyalA tathA paramArAnuM pathika mArca/1990 1 For Private and Personal Use Only

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mULI sa`sthAna Avela hatAM. jhAlAvADamAM ! prathama varganuM, khIjA varganAM vAMkAnera lIbaDI ane vaDhavANa, trIjA varganAM lakhatara sAyalA ane cUDA, cothA varganAM mULI ane bajANA tathA pAMcamA varganAM pATaDI ane vatADa nAmanAM saMsthAna hatAM. jhAlAvADamAM 53 thANadArInAM thANuAMne pNa samAveza karavAmAM Avela hatA. jeTalA mulakene vahIvaTa rAjAe! svataMtra rIte karatA hatA tenuM kSetraphaLa sane 1981 mAM 18,256 co. mI. hatu. ane enI kula vastI 20,5, 800 jeTalI hatI tathA je mulakAte vahIvaTa rAjava taraphathI 'greja sarakAranA peliTikala ejanTanA amaladAre bhArate karavAmAM AvatA hatA tenu kSetraphaLa 262 . mI. hatuM ane enI kula vastI 6,00,200 nI hatI, prAMtamAM briTiza hukUmatanI zarUAtaH sau-prathama vAra mahI'kAThAnA peleTikala ejanTa baeNlaeNnsTAInane I.sa. 1871 mAM pezavAnI khANIno bhAga ugharAvavA kAThiyAvADa(saurASTra)mAM mokalavAmAM AvyeA hatA. tyArabAda I.sa. 1818 mAM pezavA sAthe briTiza sarakAra karAranAmuM karyuM. enA kAraNe pezavAnA kAThiyAvADanA tamAma mulaka briTiza sarakArane hastaka Avya! hato. tyArapachI dara varSe baeNlaeNnTAIna kAThiyAvADamAMthI khaMDaNI udharAvavA lAgyA. i.sa. 1820 mAM kaeNpTana khAnevAlanI kArDiyAvADanA poliTikala ejanTa tarIke sau-prathama vAra nimaNUka karavAmAM AvI hatI. eNe turata ja gAyakavADanAM khaDiyA rAjyonI prAMtamAM tapAsa zarU karI hatI. A rIte kAThiyAvADamAM briTiza hakUmatanI zarUAta 1820 thI zarU thaI hatI. kAThiyAvADamAM je saMsthAne phAdArI hakUmata na hatI te enI hadamAM je gunA thatA hatA tene nyAya karI zikSA karavA ane pharIthI AvA gunAnuM punarAvartana na thAya e mATe briTiza sarakAre phIjadArI nyAyanI kA I.sa. 1831 mAM zarU karI hatI ane sau-prathama peliTikala ejanTAe pratimAM cAlatI adA daranI laDAIone aMta lAvI suleha zAMti-prasthApita karI hatI. ItihAsa ke daMtakathA pramANe tA ema siddha thAya che ke kAThiyAvADanA rAjAe peAtapeAtAnA rAjya saMbadhI kArabhAratI bAbatamAM te gujarAtamAM je je sarakAra eka pachI eka sarvopari sattA bhAgI gaI tenAthI sarvAze svataMtra hatA. alabatta, A gujarAtanI sarakArane emanA taraphathI kha`DaNI ApavI paDatI. eeka khaDaNI ApatA hatA temAM emane hetu eTalA ja hatA ke emanAthI vadhAre baLavAna sarakAranI kRpA saMpAdita karavI, prAMtamAM mukagIrInI rIta hatI te mAtra tyAM ja hatI evuM na hatuM, hiMdustAnanA khIjA bhAgAmAM paNa A rItaneA pracAra thayA hatA. khaMDaNI ghaNI vAra jabaradastIthI levAmAM AvatI hatI. mAtra jAmanI mAlikInA pradeza sivAyanA tamAma mulaka muleAnA vakhatamAM khAlasA mulaka gaNavAmAM AvatA hatA. I.sa. 1863 mAM prAMtanA rAjyakArabhAramAM navI pejanA dAkhala karI enA pariNAma ghaNAM sArAM nIvaDAM hatAM. e vakhate vAgherA bahAravaTe nIkaLI ghaNuM tAphAna karatA hatA temane kAbUmAM lAvatAM briTiza sarakAranA e poliTikala enTanA prANa paNa gayA hatA tApaNa emane kAbUmAM levAmAM mAvyA hatA ane bahAravaTe nIkaLavAneo rivAja baMdha karavAmAM AvyA hatA. rAjAone paNa potAnAM nyAyakhAtAM sudhAravA tAkIda karavAmAM AvI hatI, poliTikala ejanTane nyAyanI bAbatamAM madada karavA jyuDiziyala AsisTanTanI navI amaladArI jagA I.sa. 1870 mAM zarU karavAmAM AvI hatI. rAjAe ra mArca/1990 pathika For Private and Personal Use Only

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ane garAsiyAe vaccenA TaMTA-jhaghaDAonA nikAla karavA I.sa. 1873 mAM rAjasthAnika kaTanI sthApanA karavAmAM AvI hatI. I.sa. 1870 mAM rAjakumAra kailejanI sthApanA muMbaInA e vakhatanA mAjI gavarnara sImAra phiTjharaDananA hAthe thaI hatI. e kaleja zarU karavAne prathama vicAra karnala kiTiMjane AvyuM hatuM. enA kAraNe rAjakumAre emAMthI zikSaNa laIne rAjyakArabhAramAM sudhAro karatA thayA hatA. jamIna-vahIvaTa : kAThiyAvADamAM jamInanA vahIvaTa saMbaMdhI tauthI vadhu pracalita zabda girAsa" che athavA vadhAre zuddha zabda "grAsa" che. jema jema rAjapUtoe judA judA bhAgamAM laDAIo karI jamIna prApta karI ane meLavelI jamIna pitAnA vArasAne ApatA gayA tema tema ene garAsiyA" kahevAtA thayA. A garAsiyA potAnI zaktithI svataMtratA ane sattA prApta karavA lAgyA ane eee "ThAkara" "rAvaLa" "raNa" ke " jAne IlakAba dhAraNa karyo. jamInadArI hakka : aDhArasonA sakAnI zarUAtamAM dareka jamInadAra garAsiyAmAMthI rAjA rANA sudhI tipitAnA mulakamAM akhatyAra vAparatA hatA. pitAnI hadanI badhI jAtanA jhaghaDAone e nikAla karatA ane dehAMtadaMDanI zikSA paNa karatA emAM ene kaI uparI adhikArInI paravAnagI meLavavI paDatI na hatI ane e badhuM potAnI marajI mujaba karatA hatA. rAjapUte tathA bIjA galiyAe lazkarI karI karI rAjavIonA jAnamAlanuM rakSaNa karatA enA badalAmAM emane jamIna gAma maLatAM hatAM. garAsiyA potAnA gAmanA vasavAyA pAse prasaMga Ace cAkarI karAvatA hatA. emanA ghera lagna ke janmane prasaMga AvyethI loko pAsethI kare udharAvatA ane pitAnI marajI mujaba pajane kara vadhArata tathA ghaTADatA hatA. karnala vaikare sane 1807-08 mAM rAja ThAkora jamInadAra vageree keTakeTalI ane kevI rIte khaMDaNI ApavI e bAbatanA jUthane TharAva karyo hato temAM ekasarakhuM gheraNa rAkhavAmAM AvyuM na hata. nAnA nAnA jamInadAra paNa pitAnA uparIthI svataMtra thai gayA hatA ane jadI khaMDaNI A5nArA tarIke oLakhAvA lAgyA hatA ema chatAM keTalAka tAbAnA garAsayA tarIke paNa oLakhAyA hatA. bhAyAta ane garAsiyAo ThAkora. jamA Ape emAM emane vAMdhe na hatuM, paraMtu jo ThAra emanA gAma-vahIvaTamAM hastakSepa kare te e kaI kALe sAMkhI letA nahi, tethI ThAkora ane garAsiyAe vacce ghaNe aNabanAva rahetA hatA ane enA kAraNe garAsiyA bahAravaTe nIkaLI ThAkoranI mAlamilakatane bhAre nukasAna karatA hatA ane tenI jAnahAni paNa thatI hatI. 1873 mAM rAjasthAnaka korTa sthApavAmAM AvI tyArapachI bahAravaTAne cAla paNa ochA thayA hatA. rAjA ane bhAyAta varace je takarAra UbhI thatI tene nikAla A korTa dvArA karavAmAM AvatA hatA. tAlukadAra: je garAsitA ane tAlukadArone karnala vakaranA TharAva vakhate svataMtra gaNavAmAM AvyA hatA temanI sthitimAM 1808 pachI ghaNe pheraphAra thayA hatA. pahelAM emanAM hamata ane hakaka ghaNAM hatAM, paNa jema jema prAMtamAM zAMti ane sudhArA thatAM gayAM tema tema emanA hakka nathI thatA gayA hatA. chevaTe 1863 mAM poliTikala ejanTa karnala kiTiMje kAThyiAvADanA badhA tAlukadAranA sAta vibhAga pADayA hatA ane emanA darajajA tathA mulakanA pramANamAM ene kojadArI tathA dIvAnI hakamata ApI hatI. AvA tAlukadAramAM je dhA nAnA hatA temanI pAsethI badhI sattA laIne emanA gAmane vahIvaTa thANadAromAM vahecI nAkhavAmAM Avela hato. mahesUla saMbaMdhI mArca/1990 For Private and Personal Use Only

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tamAma adhikAre tAlukadAnI pAse hatA, paraMtu rAjA sagIra vayanI heya ke rAjaya mAthe devuM hoya tevA vakhate mahesula saMbaMdhI vahIvaTa poliTikala ejanTa karatA hatA. | tAlukA ane garAsiyA jamInadAra sivAya sauyada brAhmaNa bhATa cAraNa vagerene paNa akhaMDa gAme dharmadAmAM ApavAmAM AvatAM hatAM. A lekenA hakka pahelAM garAsiyA jeTalA ja hatA, paraMtu 1863 pachI eonI sattA maryAdita karIne mAtra Upaja khAvAnI sattA ApI hatI. chavAIdAre kAThiyAvADamAM ghaNuM chavAIdAro paNa hatA temane emanA bharaNapoSaNa mATe athavA rAjayanI cAkarInA badalAmAM jamIna ApavAmAM AvatI hatI. A jamInane hala keTalAkane hayAtI sadhIne te keTalAka vaMzaparaMparAgata sUdhIne hatuM, paraMtu emane garAsiyA jeTalA haka jadArI ke dIvAnI adhikAra ApavAmAM Avela na hatA. - A gAmanA paTela havAladAra pasAyatA hajAma ane bhaMgIne paNa rAjyanI cAkarI badala jamIna ApavAmAM AvatI hatI. - mahesUla: mahesUla be rItathI ugharA dhAmAM A tuM hatuM : eka rAjabhAga tarIke anAjanA svarUpamAM ane bIju rekaDa nANunA svarUpamAM ugharAvavAmAM AvatuM hatuM. verAnI paNa ghaNuM judA judA prakAra hatA. Ama, kAThiyAvADane rAjakIya ItihAsa ghaNe vistRta ane advivI che tathA hiMdustAnanA svataMtra rajavADAMomAM kAThiyAvADanAM pAtra rAjapUta rAjA ghaNAM prasiddha ane sArA vahIvaTa mATe khUba ja jANatAM hatAM. che. daphatara vibhAga, gAMdhInagara-382017 saMdarbha 1. kAThiyAvADa sarva saMprala, 1886, karnala je Dabaltha vaidyana 2. saurASTra dezane ItihAsa bhAga-1 (1868), bhagavAnalAla saMpatarAma 3, e kalekazana oNpha TrITIjha, enejamenTa, enDa sanajha rile ITiMga Tu InDiyA enDa neIbariMma kanTrIjha, pAIna sI. vI. ahiya mArca10 pathika For Private and Personal Use Only

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nUtana yuga 13. 43. mahatvanA banAva : bhArata yuniyananA bhAga sI' sTeiTa tarIke karaNane vahIvaTa cIpha kamizanare saMbhALe tyArathI kacchamAM navA yuganA maMDANa tharyA. bhAratanA nAyaba vaDApradhAna saradAra vallabhAI paTelane kacacha tarapha khAsa cAhanA hatI ane kacchanA sarvAgI vikAsa mATe eee kendra sarakAra taraphathI speziyala grAnTa maMjura thAya evA badhA prayAsa karyA hatA. karachanA cIpha kamizanarane vahIvaTamAM salAha ApavA mATe kacchanA pratinidhiovALI eNDavAIjharI kAunsilanI racanA karAI hatI ane thaDA vakhata bAda e kAunsilanuM visarjana karIne, kacchanA be pratinidhione eNDavAIjharsa tarIke nImIne ekane revanyU khAtAne tathA bIjAne keLavaNI khAtAne havAle se hatA, AthI kacchanA vahIvaTamAM gati ane saMvAditA AvI hatI. kacacha dezI rAjayanA vakhatanI hAiTa baMdha karIne kacchamAM jyuDiziyala kamiznaranI kArTanI sthApanA karavAmAM AvI hatI ane tethI kacchamAM nyAyanI vyavasthA jhaDapI ane sastI banI hatI. amadAvAda ke muMbaI sudhI apIla karavAnI jarUra rahI na hatI. kacchamAMthI bhAratanI baMdhAraNasabhA mATe eka pratinidhine mokalavAnI taka maLI hatI ane tethI baMdhAraNanA ghaDataramAM bhAga levA ane baMdhAraNane niSNAta sabhyonA abhiprAya tema rajU Ata jANavAnI taka maLI hatI. I. sa. 1952 mAM kendranI pArlAmenTasa sada)nAM baMne gRhAnA sabhya nI cUMTaNI vakhate kacchane lokasabhA mATe be sabhyo tathA rAjyasabhA mATe eka sabhya cUMTavAnA adhikAra maLyA hatA ane tethI kacchamAMthI lekasabhA mATe be pratinidhi tathA rAjasabhA mATe eka pratinidhi kamAMthI cUMTAyA hatA. kendrazAsana I. sa. 1956 sudhI cAlyuM te daramyAna ghaNA 5 kacchIone ka7mAM judI judI jagyAo para nImavAmAM AvyA hatA. kendrazAsana AvavAnI sAthe kaccha dezI rAjya vakhatanuM jUnuM kerInuM calaNa baMdha thayuM hatuM ane eka rUpiyAnI traNa kerInA hisAbe rAjaya sarakAra taraphathI karI enuM calaNa pAchuM kheMcAyuM hatuM. Ama thanAthI karoDonI kiMmatanI cAMdI rA5 sarakArI prApta thai zakI hatI ane karaNa mATe vikAsakAryo jhaDapabhera cAlu thayAM hatAM. siMdhu riseTalamenTa ke parezanane jamIna phALavI apAtAM e jamInanA thoDA bhAga para gAMdhIdhAma Adipura tathA gopAlapurI nAme traNa zahera vasAvAyAM hatAM ane gAMdhIdhAma mahAnagara banyuM hatuM. thoDA vakhata bAda gAMdhIdhAmane aMjAra tathA kaMDalA baMdara sAthe rela-vahevArathI joDavAmAM AvyuM hatuM ane tyAre gAMdhIdhAmathI bhacAu thaIne ADesara ane tyAMthI raNamAM thaIne sAMtalapura thaI pAlanapura sudhI relave lAIna baMdhAI ne gAMdhIdhAmane diDI sudhInuM relave-jogaNa manavuM. bhUjamuMbaI kora---ja-saMrvasa cAlu thaI. sana 1969mAM keDasIjhuMDa broDageja cAlu thaI. ka7ma mahArAvazrI ne gArajInA samayathI aMjAramAM spiniMga mila, mAMDavImAM maeNya kaTarI tathA bAsa phekaTarI ane oIla mila, kaMDalAmAM eziyAnuM sauthI moTuM mIThAnuM kArakhAnuM vagere udyo ne savalata ApavA mAM AvI hatI ane dilhI sudhI rela-vahevAra thavAthI nikAsane vega maLe hatA tethI vepAramAM vRddhi thaI hatI. jakho tathA muMdrAmAM mIThAnAM navAM kArakhAnAM sthapAyAM tathA kaMDalA vistAramAM bIjA ghaNA udyoga phrI-TreDa jhona jAhera thayA bAla vidhyA. kacchamAM siMcAInI sagavaDo vadhI hatI ane rastA pahelAM mAtra 45 ki.mI. laMbAInA hatA te vadhIne lagabhaga pAMca hajAra ki.mI. jeTalI labAInA thayA hatA. basa - rahevArathI karachanAM lagabhaga badhAM gAmane AvarI levAyA che. vArtA pahelAM kacchamAM mAtra 120 ki.mI.nI negeja relave lAIna hatI, jene sthAne hAla ra00 ki.mI.nI For Private and Personal Use Only

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981 pathi [ karacha ItihAsa ane saMskRti mITarageja ane 83 ki.mI. nI broDageja relave-sagavaDane kAraNe muMbaI javuM saraLa banela che. vAta bAda madhyama kadanA siMcAIbaMdha sArA pramANamAM baMdhAya che, jemAM mAtA niroNA vagere baMdha mukhya che. A baMdhanI siMcAI-zakti 40,000 hekaTarathI vadhAre che. A uparAMta 169 pAtALakuvA svAtaMra bAda dAyA che, AnAthI paNa siMcAI-zakti 3200 hekaTara vadhI che. Ama thavAthI jamInanI rasALatA vadhI che. mIThAnA udyogane vikAsa tha che. e uparAMta kaMDalAmAM iphakenuM khAtaranuM kArakhAnuM tathA bIjA kArakhAnAM ubhA karAyAM che. vizeSamAM lakhapata tAlukAmAM lignAITa kelasAnuM meTA pAye khedakAma zarU thayuM che ane bIjAM khanijonuM khodakAma paNa cAlu che, jayAMthI dararoja seMkaDe ke bharIne lignAITa bekasAITa vagere khanijanI nikAsa thAya che. keLavaNIkSetre kacchamAM svAtaMtraya bAda kendrazAsananA vahIvaTa daramyAna bhUjamAM zeTha rAmajI rAjI lAlana ArTasa kaoNlejanuM makAna baMdhAyuM ane kolejane vahIvaTa rAjaya sarakAra kare che. tyArabAda kacchamAM bhUja mAMDavI tathA AdipuramAM maLIne sAyansa a komarsa tathA kAyadAnI vagere maLIne bIjI cha kaleje sthapAI che ane vadhArAmAM AdipuramAM telANI piliTekanika koleja sthapAI che. bhUjamAM janarala ThesTila rAjaya taraphathI tathA bIjI hepiTala ane davAkhAnAM sakhAvatI saMsthAo taraphathI calAvavAmAM Ave che. e ja rIte mAMDavI aMjAra muMdrA tathA bIjA nagaramAM haMspiTale tathA davAkhAnAnI sagavaDe tathA Are "kendronI sagavaDa thayela che. vIjaLInI sagavaDo paNa kacchanAM ghaNAM gAmone upalabdha thai che ane hajAro kevAo upara vIjaLI nI moTare besADavAmAM AvI che. TelikonanI sagavaDe paNa have tAlukA nA mukhya zaheramAM thayela che. karachamAM traNa paMcapI ya AjanA daramyAna kale rUpiyA seLa karoDanuM kha karavAmAM AvyuM che, kaMDalA porTa TrasTa paNa thapAyuM che ane aneka sagavaDo paNa tyAM thayela che. kacchamAM Ama savAMgI vikAsa thavA pAmyo che ane e mATe kendra sarakAranI udAra ane vizeSa karIne sahAyabhUta thaI che, je mATe kacchanI prajA saradAra paTelanI prANI che. karachane iio sTezana paNa kendra taraphathI maLela che. I.sa. 1956 nA navembara mAsamAM kaccha bhAga "sI" raTeITanuM visarjana karIne muMbaI dvibhASI rajane eka hile banAvo ane 960nA eprila mAsa sudhI karacha muMbaI dvibhASI rAjyane eka ji rahyo. rAjyanI vidhAnasabhAmAM cha sabhyone cUMTI mokalavA karacha ji lAne adhikAra mo. tyArabAda I.sa. 1920nA me mAsathI kaccha gujarAta rAjapane eka jille baMnela che ane rAjayanI vidhAnasabhA mATe cha sabhyane cUrI mekalavA ne ene avikAra maLe che, paNa kendranI saMsadanI le kasama mATe have mAtra eka ja sanane cUMTaNI mekalavAne karane adhikAra che ane rAjayasabhA mATe eka sabhya cuMTavAne kAra paNa kharI rIte jhUTavAI gayo che tathA rAjaya sarakAramAM sattAdhArI pakSanI icachA para have mAtra koIka vAra kacchamAMthI rAjyasabhA mATe savya cUTavAnI zakyatA rahe che. kacchamAM thI pahelAM eka dhArAsabhyane rAjyanA pradhAnamaMDaLamAM avaya sthAne maLatuM hatuM', paraMtu hamaNAM thoDAM varSo thayAM e paNa jhuMTavAI gayuM che ane e sattAdhArIonI munsaphI para rahela che, kacchanuM sarahadI pradeza tarIke tathA vistAranI najare I.sa. 1947 thI bhArata sarakAre je mahatva svIThArIne kacchane viziSTa sthAna Apela ane kara nA vikAsa athe je udAra sahAya ApavAnuM cAlu karelA tathA narmadAnA pANI kacchane vipula pramANamAM maLe, kacchanA raNane navasAdhya banAvavA asarakAraka pagalAM levAya, kacchIone hunnara udyoga vepAra vagerenAM vikAsa mATe sagavaDo tathA sahAya maLe ane nokarImAM vadhu taka maLe e mATe prabaMdha karela e badhuM lagabhaga baMdha che ane kacchanI avagaNanA thaI rahI che evuM jaNAvA lAgyuM che, A kAraNe kacchane pharIthI kendrazAsita pradeza karavAnI mAgaNI paNa che, For Private and Personal Use Only

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13. nutanayuga ] pathika [ 99 kacchI bhASAne atyAra sudhI gujarAtamAM krAi prakAranuM sthAna nahatuM. kacchI sAhityaka rAtA ane AgevAnAnA saprayane ane kacchIbhASa'-saskRti-sabhyatA vagere tarapha Adara dharAvanArA gujarAtanA samAnya sAhityakAra ane sazedhaka prA. kezavarAma kA. zAstrInI egya rajUAtathI kacchI bhASAnA sAhityane rAjya taraphathI sahAya ApavAnA lAbha maLe evI vyavasthA thaI che. kruccho bhASA uccAraNu-zuddha lakhAya e mATe kacchI sAhityika bhASAnI joDaNInA niyamo ane e mATe 'kacchI bhASAne sAtha joDaNI kAza' paNa prA. zAstrIe taiyAra karI ApyA che. kacchI sAhityakArane bhASA joDaNIzuddha lakhavAnI AnAthI suvidhA thaze. 44. vIsamI sadImAM vividha kSetre khyAti pAmela keTalAka kacchIe mAMDavImAM janmela bhaNusALI jJAtinA vidvAna rAjapuruSa ane krAMtikArI dezabhakta zyAmajI kRSNa varmA I. sa. 1857 nA krAMtinA varSamAM janmyA hatA ate bhAratanI mukta mATe laData calAvavA svaicchika dezavaTo bhogavI jInivAmAM rahetA hatA. tyAM emanu I.sa. 1930 mAM mRtyu nIpajyuM. emaNe peAtAnA lakhela kiMmatI gra MthA tathA anya graMthaeNnu tyAMnI lAIbrerIte dAna karyu` hatu` aMte kacchanA lokonA kalyANa mATe sArI evI rakama ApI gayA hata!. mAMDavImAM emanuM smAraka sthapAyuM che. patizrI pItAMbara zamAM zAstrI tathA mahAna jyotiSI tarIke kacchamAM temaja hi MdanAM keTalAMka dezI rAjyAmAM samAna pAmela hatA. sAhityakSetre kacchanA mULa vatanI zrI, jImahamada alArakhiyA zivajI vIsamI sadI' nAme vikhyAta mAsika dvArA gujarAtI sAhityanI sArI sevA karI gayA. zrI jIvarAma ajarAmara rAjagAra kacchanA lokasAhityanA sodhaka hatA ane 'sarasvatI za MgAra' mAsika dvArA gujarAtI sAhityanI sArI sevA bajAvI gayA. zrI AtmArAma kezavajI ne kaccha dezane pratihAsa' lakhI kacchane ItihAsa paddhatisara rIte ane savistara lakhanAra pahelAM kacchI tihAsalekhaka ane vidvAna tarIke vikhyAta banyA che. zrI jayakRSNa IMdrajI mahAna vanaspatizAstrI tarIke amUlya sevA bajAvI gayA che. prA. khuzAla talakazI zAha mahAna vidvAna arthazAstrI hatA ane arthazAstra para kiM matI pustA lakhI vikhyAta banyA hatA. ema parama dezabhakta paNa hatA. zrI gokuladAsa ImajI khAMbhaDAI svadezInA pracAra tathA anya lAkahitanAM kAryo karatA bahu nirabhimAnapaNe amUlya janasevA karI gayA che. kavi niraMjana 'muMjI mAtRbhUmike namana' paMktithI zarU thatuM kacchI bhASAmAM racAyeluM hRdayaMgama kacchI rASTragIta racIne kacchanA rASTrazAyaranuM biruda prApta karanAra sArA kavi tathA pati tarIke potAnuM nAma amara TharI gayA che. mistrI kAmamAM janmela zrI jagamAla rAjA kalakattAne hAvarA brija bAMdhIne bhAratavamAM nAmanA meLavanAra kacchanA vikhyAta konTrekaTara tathA buddhizALI svaparAkramathI AgaLa vadhelA karmavIra tarIke pakAyA che. bhAratavarSanI svAtaMtryanI laDatanA tejasvI senAnI tathA kacchanI prajAkIya pariSadanA mudrA adhivezananA pramukha tarIke kacchanI amUlya sevA khAvanAra zrI yusUfe maheraalI kacchanA pateAtA putra tarIke vikhyAta banyA che. aitihasika navalakathAonA samatha lekhaka tarIke zrI nArAyaNa visanajI Thakkura gujarAtabharamAM vikhyAta che, ahI' potAnI rAjakIya sevA dvArA kacchanI badhAM kSetramAM kiMmatI sevA ApI gayelA sva. tulasIdAsa mULajImAi zeThane ane emaNe ja UbhA karelA, 'pathika'nA nIDara taMtrI, sva. yusUka maheraalInA sAthIdAra stra. mAnasIMgajI bAraDane pazu bhUlavA na joIe. A nara-370110 : 4-1-1988 ThA. pu. kaMsArA For Private and Personal Use Only

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pariziSTa 1 sAMvalApIra: lakhapata tAlukAnA nArAyaNa sarovara gAmanA rahIza ane nAnI sAhityakAra zrI mAdhava jozI(azka)nA jaNAvyA pramANe sAvavA athavA samalu nAme koI jata saradAra rokane janA samayamAM thaI gayela ane e mIra kAsama sAmenA yuddhamAM zahIda thayela hevA vize kaI atihAsika purAvA maLela nathI, paraMtu savilApIra nAme saMta kacchanA rAvazrI geDacha ra jAna samayamAM (I.sa. 1761thI 1778) thaI gayA hatA. emane rAvazrI geDacha taraphathI lakhapata tAlukAmAM garAsa maLyo hato, je emane cothI peDhIne vArasa Aje paNa bhogave che. vizeSamAM ema jaNAvavAmAM Ave che ke kerInALanI pazcime sAMvalApIranuM sthAnaka atyAre jyAM che tyAM "sarve oNpha InDiyA'nA nakazAmAM "za" kaja' nAma jaNAvela che ane bAjumAM daherInuM citra nizAna tarIke darzAvela che. bombe gejheTiyaTara, graMtha 5 mAM "sAMvalApIra' sthAnaka darzAvela che ane jUnI samAdhi para kUne sAMvalApIranA putra hajArIe baMdhAvela hovAnuM jaNAvela che. * ra. riyANapaTTaNamAMthI maLela sUryamUti : mAMDavI tAlukAnA mAMDavI baMdara najIkanA janA , rAyaNa gAmethI eka kuvAmAMthI sUryanI ladhu pratimA cheDA vakhata para maLela che. A pratimA 14.5 se.mI, UMcAI, 85 se.mI. pahoLAI tathA pa.00 se.mI. daInI ane bhujAvALI tathA mAthe mugaTa, kAnamAM laTakaNiyAM, zarIra vanamALA tathA paga mAM helabUTa paherela hoya e pramANe kaMDAralI Asare trIjI ke jethI sadInI hovAnuM kacha myujhiyamanA bhUtapUrva kayureTara zrI puSpakAMta bakiyA ('gujarAta' dIpesavI aMka, saM. 2042 nAM pRSTha 115 thI 124 para pragaTa thayela) emanA lekha "sUrya pratimAo mAM jaNAvela che tathA e pratimA atyAre zrI kaccha myujhiyama-bhUjamAM rAkhela che ema jaNAvela che. A pratimA parathI kacchamAM sUryapUja che pU. trIjI-cethI sadImAM eTale ke kAThAonA Agamana pahelAM paNa pracalita hatI ema siddha thAya che. 3. kacchamAMthI maLela haDapIya sA(mudrAone ukelaH kokamAMthI navA khirasarA pAse gaDhavALo vADImAMthI sIla(mudrA) maLyA pahelAM dezalapara (nakhatrANA) ane pachI dhoLAvIrAmAMthI maLela che. A baMne sIlanA ukela vize A ItihAsagraMthanA lekhake gaI sAla paM, kizacaMdra jetalIne pUnA patra lakhIne tathA e sAthe saMle paranA varNana karata-ka (citrAMkana) mekalIne ukela mATe vinaMtI karela. A parathI zrI jetalIjIe e mudrAo vize abhyAsa karIne potAne ukelsa davela, je nIce pramANe che: (1) desalapura sIla : "sAnA putra sIsa(traSi) khare khara zuka jevA che." (2) dhoLAvIrA sIla : "nAgane yara vakhANavA jevo che." sIlamAM pazunuM citra che te yajJa-pazunuM che. zrI jetalIjInA abhiprAya pramANe sUsA pAne zaza kapi tathA nabhaga kaSi adanA amuka sUktonA draSTA che ane samA sASinA putra jayotiSa-vidyAnA vizArada gaNAya che. zukra kRtikA rohiNI tathA mRgazIrSa e traNa no svAmI gaNAya che ane e nakSatro vasaMtapAtane samaya darzAve che, je ya mATe zreSTha gaNAya che. zrI jetalIjInA abhiprAya pramANe badakAla I.sa. pU. 6000 arasAne gaNAya che ane uparyukta bIjuM sIla e arasAnuM che, For Private and Personal Use Only

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pariziSTa pathika [11 4. siMdhunI zAkhAA sidhu nadInI pUrvanI e zAkhA vAhuDa tathA dvArA paikI vAha umarakeTa pAsethI tharanA raNamAM vahI jatI hatI tathA hAMkarA kacchanA meTA (uttarADA) raNamAM lakhapatanI uttare mIThA pANInuM sara banAvatI hatI, jene laIne kacchane cokhAnA mabalakha pAkanI Upaja thatI hatI. hAkarAnI vaccethI eka judA phAMTe vADane maLate ane e nagarapArakaranI uttare pArInagara pAse pahecatA hatA. kAkarAnI pAse siMdhanI hadamAM vIghUra vadhegheDa tathA baliyArI vagere baMdara tathA zahera hatAM ane kacchanI hadamAM chArI niruNA vagere badare! hatAM. I.sa. 1819 nA dharatIkaMpanI pahelAM lakhapatanI uttare kacchanuM 'sIMdarI'nuM jakAtI thANu` hatu` ane atyAranA siyeAta gAmane sthaLa pahelAM eka tAlukA jeTalA jamInane pradeza hatA. dharatIka Mpane kAraNe nadInu taLa UMcuM thayuM ane e sthaLe 'allAhabaMdha' sarapnayA tathA nadInuM vaheNa badalAIne pazcima tarapha dhakelAyuM. Ama thavAthI sIMdarInu jakAtI thANu tathA simeta pAsenA pradezamAM dariyAnAM pANI pharI vaLyAM. aMte jamIna ghaTAI gaI, mIMdarIne kille daTAI gayo tathA kacchane maLatI cekhAtI pedAzatI Avaka paNa baMdha thaI. 5. madhyakAlIna samayamAM jIAne paheraveza : kacchamAM Avela kerAkoTa tathA padhdharagaDhanAM zivamadirAnAM zilpakAmeAmAM sIee paNa puruSanI mAphaka dhAtI(ghAgharAnI jagAe) keDa nIce paherela hAvAnAM tathA keDamAM kamarabaMdha dhAraNa karela hovAnAM kana kAMDArela jovA maLe che te parI purA~ tane kAlamAM tathA madhyakAlIna samayamAM paNa ghaNI strIe kruDa nIce dhotI paherI haze ane keDamAM kATamekhalA dhAraNa karatI haze ema jaNAya che. mahArASTramAM sarerAza atyAre paNa dhaMtI jema sADI zarIranA nIcenA bhAgamAM kaDanI nIce dhAraNa karatI heAvAnuM jovAmAM Ave che tathA kaccha vALanI taiya che. dhAgharAne gheraverA dAkhala thayA pahelAM sarva srIe paNa puruSanI mAphaka dhAtI keDa nAce paheratI haze ane keDa uparano bhAga khulle rAkhatI harI athavA kacukI paheratI haze. strIe 6. sAMprata kAlanA kacchanA mahAna sapUte; prAcIna kAla temaja madhyakAlIna samayamAM kacchanA ghaNA mahAna sapUtAnI jIvanarekhA A lekhamALAmAM rajU thayela che. chellAM sA seA varSo daramyAna kacchanA mahAna sapUto deza-videzamAM vepAra udyoga dAnavIratA kalA-kArIgarI mutsaddIgIrI tathA zauya ane dezabhakti vagere aneka kSetramAM pakAyA che. arvAcIna samayamAM AvA mahAnubhAvAmAM zikSaNa tathA dAnavIratAnA kSetre zeTha gokuladAsa tejapAla, dazavajI nAyaka, narasI nAyA tathA leMDI premalIlA ThAkarasI, audyogika kSetre zeDa dharamasI khaTAu makanajI tathA zrImatI mumatibahena mArArajI, videza vepAra-kSetre zeTha ladhA dAma, zauya tathA mutsaddIgIrI phore khAkAra kaeNtemAmada tathA suMdarajI sAdAgara, kalAkArI garInA kSetre rAmasaMga mAlama tathA jagamAla raoNmba, dezabhaktikSetre zyAmajI kRSNa varmA tathA yusUpha maheraalI tathA khuzAlabhAI zAha ane sAhityakSetre krAphTamahemada, nArAyaNlR visanajI, kavi nira Mjana tathA mahApati pItAMbaranAM nAma agrasthAne che. 7. kacchamAM sana 196 julAI 21 nA roja bhayaMkara bhUka`pa thavAthI aMjAramAM 17 mANasAnAM mRtyu tathA bhayaMkara khuvArI thayela,paMDita javAharalAla neharu kacchamAM nirIkSaNa mATe AvyA hatA. kacchamAM bhUjathI naLiyA sudhInI 11 ki,mI relave lAIna mITara gejanuM kAma puruM thayuM che ane turatamAM vahevAra cAlu thavAta che. For Private and Personal Use Only

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1 A Ina InDiyA : 2 ensiyanTa hisTarI oph inDiyA anu. : hiMdustAnanA prAcIna ItihAsa 3 blaeNka hilsa Ara kaccha anu. : kArA DuMgara kacchajA 4 bhAratIya saMskRti pa kacchanI jUnI vArtAo 6 kaccha dezanA ItihAsa cha kacchanu' saMskRtina 8 asAMjo kaccha sadarbha sUci 9 bhAtIgaLa bhemakA kaccha 10 kacchatA bRhad vRtihAsa 11 siMdhukhINunI saMskRti 12 riporTa na dhI ArkiTekcarala eNnDa mA kaccha, bombe 13. kaccha myujhiyama senTinarI suvenira, 1974-78 14. 'svadeza'-dIpotsavI aMke, sa` 1990 15. mirAte ahamadI, 136ra manuvAda cAoNjikala rimeInsa ta dha kevinsa oNpha Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir kailumbara zivarAma smRti vinsenTa smitha sva. aMbAzaMkara purANI prA. razAka viliyamsa sva. vasaMtarAya paTaNI va. ramaNulAla vasa tarAya desAI sva. gaurIzakara vairAsAta For Private and Personal Use Only sva. AtmArAma ke. dave zrI rArmA'cha rAma. zrI. ke. kA. zAstrI zrI. narendra jozI sva. jayarAmadAsa nayagAMdhI zrI, ThAkarasI pu. kaMsArA zrI. dalapatarAma prA. khakhkhara kaccha myujhiyama, bhUja 'svadeza' kAryAlaya, muMbaI alImahamadakhAna zrI kRSNulAla me, jhaverI

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2.38 putya mitra zuddhipatra pRSTha paMkti azuddha zuddha pRSTha paMkti azuddha zuddha 5 5 samumAM samudramAM 41 1 1950 1860 - 6 pazcima para chama 44 34 vidvAna ane vidvAna 2 14 68-9-24 68-9-46" brAhmaNo brAhmaNo 3 10 mehabubA meDakubA 47 19 dharAve che. dharAve che. kerAnuM 3 laSTi ra ja laSTiemAM rAja aNagaDhanuM kerAnuM 158 , 20 246 pazcima pUrva majumadAra jamInadAra 54 28 khUNA lUNA caMdragupta 57 1357 1347 11 9 hete -I.sa. hate. I.sa bhamaDakA dhamaDakA 350mAM samudra khara khaTayo gupta tathA I.sa. khIra karatA pArakaranA 13 29 lAkhA phulANI lAkhA phulANIe 72 16 prAgamalajIe lakhapatajIe 73 10 barjese baMdhAvelA hevAnuM 1753 AmaraNa hariyANA - 16 ladhumAM vadhubhA 3 sUrya ziva 86 6. 1819nA aMtamAM 1820nI 2 6 0 630 zarUAtamAM selerapI alArapI che ke bhakizvara bhaDezvara(aMjAra) 34 janakRtionuM jaLakRtione 89 21 meDasara moDAsA zAsaka hatA zA mukI na hatA 24 hajAra pura hamIrapura, geDI 880 870 25 vATiyA vADhiyA 20 barjesa barnesa * , ke nadI nAITa sAme sAlamAM ( 32 base bane te kAMdhe kAMi nagara para nAgalapara , 39 Avya-A Avyo tyArabAda 93 3 raNuM varSo bese varSa bAda 96 31 prajAnA prajAjano gAdIe Avyo prastAvanA A varSe 19 Jungles Ingress 41 1 - ciMta racita , 11 vidvAnone * vidvAnane 1738, raNa tRNA For Private and Personal Use Only

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104] pathika kacchaH ItihAsa ane saMskRti mAma:* ja 'nA . * ka, kerAnuM bhagna zivamaMdira nAM baMdhAyelAM mAtA (10 mI sadInA aMtabhAganAM + + jI, ccha . rAja * For Private and Personal Use Only

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HRLICO Reg. No. GAMC-19 Look for the elephant if you're in the building business. ELEPHANT BAAND ORDINARY PORTLAND CEMENT Now good news for builders and contractors. For good quality cement that makes buildings last and last. Use Elephant Brand Cement from Saurashtra Cement and Chemical Industries, Ltd. Choose from ordinary Portland cement or Pozzolana Portland cement. Both carry the ISI mark. VA SAURASHTRACM CEMENTI CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES LTD LOGO M ACHAD WED RANAVAV-360 560 (Gujarat) Gram : 'SUCCESS, Ranavav Tele. 21497/98/99, 21529, 21785 Telex : 166-222 SHRI IN AHMEDABAD OFFICE : 602, 6th Floor, Chinubhai Centre, Ashram Road, AHMEDABAD-9 : Tele. No. 78372 SAURASHTRA CEMENT & CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, LTD. YGS 2481248 247 : lala4' 312 1.3402/4 kl. , 3. del, 5 0 , 24H81916-3C0 00 c. 243-146 yagaad : Brel yagley, Bechiedai am, Army, 4481d1a-360 007 T: Saada fragtet, augye, asa un RH, HELGIE-3600 For Private and Personal Use Only