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________________ 28. paMDitavarya zrI becaradAsajI dozI satyanI sAdhanA mATe phUlanA hAra paNa nahi, paNa talavAranI dhAra para jIvanAra, pAMDitya khAtara apUrNa Atmabhoga ApanAra, rASTra khAtara hadapArInI sajA bhogavanAra, sarasvatIdevI, samAja ne rASTranI tana, mana ne dhanathI sevA karanAra paMDitavarSa zrI becaradAsajInI gaNanA bhAratanA agragaNya sAkSaro, rASTrasevako ne samAjasevakomAM karI zakAya. temaNe jIvananI vividha dizAomAM potAnA puruSArthane aviratapaNe vahAvI jIvanane caritArtha karyuM. jaina saMghane aMdhazraddhAnI nidrAmAMthI jagADanAra A yuganA gaNyAgAMThacA khaMDita-puruSomAMnA teo eka hatA. UganI uMmarathI ja musIbatomAM jIvavA TevAyelA puruSArthI khaMDinajI cheka moTI uMmara sudhI manane ke tanane asvastha banAvI de evI muzkelIo vacce paNa, samabhAvapUrvaka sarasvatI ane samAjadharmanI upAsanAne askhalitapaNe AgaLa vadhAratA rahyA. navuM navuM jANavAnI ane satyane zodhavAnI emanI vRttimAM kadI paNa DhIlAza nathI AvI, e emanA jIvananI eka AgaLa paDatI vizeSatA che. 198
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________________ paMDitavarSa zrI becaradAsajI dozI janma ane kasoTIbharyuM bALapaNa : bhAratanA ane jainonA itihAsamAM valabhIpuranuM nAma bhAre mahattvanuM sthAna dharAve che. jaina Agama zAstrone graMthastha karavAnuM gaurava A nagarIne phALe jAya che. saurASTranI dharatInA gauravabharyA valabhIpura (vaLA nagaramAM vi. saM. 1946nI sAlamAM, mAgazara vadI amAvAsyAne divase paMDitajIne janma thayo hato. emanA pitAzrInuM nAma jIvarAja lAdhAbhAI dozI. mAtAnuM nAma otamabAI. nAte vIsAzrImALI derAvAsI jaina. kuTuMbanI sthiti bahu sAdhAraNa paMDitajInA bhaNataranI zarUAta vaLAnI dhUDI nizALamAM thayelI. tyArapachI pAMca copaDI sudhI teo potAnA mosALa saNosarAmAM bhaNyA, ane chaThThI copaDI valabhIpuramAM AvI pUrI karI. A daramyAna emanI 10 varSanI uMmare emanA pitAzrInuM avasAna thayuM ane kuTuMbanI AjIvikAno savAla bhAre muzkelIbharyo banI gayo. samAjanI pracalita rUDhi mujaba potAnA pitAzrInuM kAraja karavA mATe temanI mAtAne potAnI AkharI pUMjI samAM kaDalAM ane ThoLiyAM vecI devAM paDelAM e vAta kahetA kahetA paMDitajInuM dila dravI UThatuM. A pachI kuTuMbano nirvAha calAvavA mATe otamabAIne pArakAM daLaNAM-khAMDaNAMnuM pAra vagaranuM kAma karavuM paDatuM; ane chatAM nirvAha to pUro thaI zakato ja nahIM. be dIkarA ane eka dIkarI ema potAnAM traNa saMtAno mATe rAtadivasa mathAmaNa karatI potAnI mAtAne madada karavA paMDitajIe kadI paNa kAma karavAmAM zarama ke nAnama anubhavI na hatI. dANAmAM meLavavA mATe rAkha cALI ApavI, kapAsanAM kAlAM pholavAM, kAlAMnA ThaLiyAmAMthI rUnAM pUmaDAM vINavAM, dALamasAlI (taLelI dALa) vecavI vagere je maLI zake te kAma paMDitajI karatA rahetA. 199 prAthamika zAstrAbhyAsa : vadhu abhyAsanI icchA chatAM AjIvikAno savAla ja eTalo bhAre thaI paDyo ke bhaNavAnI vAtano vicAra thaI zake ema ja na hatuM. eTalAmAM saMvata 1958-59nI sAlamAM sva. zAstravizArada jainAcArya vijayadharmasUrijI mahArAje jaina vidrAno taiyAra karavAnA uddezathI mAMDaLamAM saMskRta pAThazALAnI sthApanA karelI temAM abhyAsa karavA mATe valabhIpuranA ja rahevAsI zrI harSacaMdrajI bhurAbhAI (sva. mu. zrI jayaMtavijayajI) mAMDaLa jatA hatA, temanI sAthe paMDitajI paNa mAMDaLa gayA, jaina vidrAno taiyAra karavAnI zrI vijayadharmasUrizvarajInI tamannA bahu ja utkaTa hatI. temane AvA buddhizALI vidyArthIne joIne bhAre AnaMda thayo. A pachI to sva. sUrijIe gujarAtanA arthapradhAna vAtAvaraNamAM prakhara jaina vidvAno taiyAra thavAnuM muzkela jANIne vidyAvyAsaMganA vAtAvaraNavALI kAzInagarImAM javAno nirNaya karyo. becaradAsabhAIe mAMDaLamAM pAMca-sAta mahinA rahIne kaumudIno abhyAsa karyo. pachI AcArya mahArAja sAthe kAzI javA mATe pagapALA ravAnA thayA. paNa temanAM mAtuzrInI icchA temane ATale dU2 mokalavAnI na hatI, eTale harSacaMdrabhAInI sAthe godharAthI teo valabhIpura pAchA AvyA ane sAtamI copaDI tyAM pUrI karI. mAtAnI icchAthI abhyAsa choDIne pAchA AvavuM paDayuM. paNa manamAMthI bhaNavAno vicAra dUra thato na hato. eTale becaradAsa pAlitANA gayA ane munizrI siddhivijayajI
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________________ 200 arvAcIna jaina jyotirdharo mahArAja pAse rahIne navatattva vagereno dhArmika abhyAsa karyo. pAlitANAnA A vasavATa daramyAna emane jamavA vagerenI puSkaLa muzkelI veThavI paDelI. temanI bAe baraphIcUramAno Dabo bharIne Apyo hato, te pahoMcyuM tyAM sudhI to roja vakhatasara khAvAnuM maLatuM, paNa pachI to prabhAvanA vageremAM je kAMI maLe temAMthI calAvI levuM paDatuM. koI koI divasa no ekAdazI paNa thaI jatI. chevaTe jAmanagaranA eka sadgRhastha zrI. saubhAgyacaMda kapUracaMde mAsika rU. 10 ApavAnuM nakakI karyuM ane emano mArga kaMIka saraLa banyo. pAlitANAmAM eka varSa rahI teo vaLI pAchA valabhIpura AvyA. koIe kahyuM ke "vRSabha" rAzivALAne lAMbA pravAsano joga che. A sAMbhaLI becaradAsane pharI pAchA kAzInA vicAro AvavA lAgyA. paNa mAe rajA na ApI, eTale chevaTe mahesANA pAThazALAmAM jaI pahoMcyA ane tyAM eka mAsamAM bhAMDArakaranI mArgopadezikAnI pahelI copaDI pUrI karI. vizeSa zAstra-abhyAsa mATe kAzI bhaNI : ATalA bhaNatarathI, vidyA mATe talasano paMDitajIno AtmA saMtuSTa na thayo ane eka divasa mAtAne pUchayA vagara ja hacaMdrabhAI sAthe saM. 1962-63nA arasAmAM teo kAzI UpaDI gayA. Ama vidvAno taiyAra karavAnI dhagazavALA AcArya mahArAja ane game te bhoge vidyA upArjana karavAnI bhAvanAvALA vidyArthIno suyoga thaI gayo. paNa cha mahinAmAM to paMDitajI zItaLAnI bImArImAM sapaDAyA, te jANIne emanAM bA sAva ekalA ekalAM cheka banArasa pahoMcI gayAM. mAtRsnehanuM mApa ApaNe buddhinA gaje na kADhI zakIe. kAzImAM be varasa rokAI teo valabhIpura AvyA. tyAre AcAryavarya hemacaMdrakRna ladhuvRtti poNI thaI gaI hatI. valabhImAM thoDuM rokAI teo pAchA banArasa AvyA ane potAnA abhyAsanI sAthosAtha zrI. yazovijaya jaina graMthamALAnA graMthonuM saMpAdana paM. zrI haragoviMdadAsa trikamadAsa zeThanA sahakAramAM karavA lAgyA. A graMthamALAe prakAzita karelA jena vyAkaraNa ane nyAyane lagatA graMtho kalakattA saMskRta kaoNlejanI "tIrtha" parIkSAmAM dAkhala thayA ane pachI paMDitajI nyAya ane vyAkaraNanA "tIrtha" thayA. muMbaInA eNjyukezana borDanI dhArmika parIkSAmAM paNa paMDitajI tathA zrI haragoviMdadAsabhAI ucca naMbare uttIrNa thayA ane bannene paMcotera-paMcotera rUpiyAnuM pAritoSika maLyuM. Ama, dhIre dhIre paMDitajInI gaNanA eka mahAbuddhizALI vidyArthI tarIke thavA lAgI. te vakhate teo saMskRta kavitA paNa banAvatA ane pAdapUrti karavAmAM paNa kuzaLa gaNAtA paMDitajInI AvI hoziyArIthI mahArAjazrIe temane mAsika dasa rUpiyAnI kaoNlarazipa ApavAnuM kahyuM to paMDitajIe teno ema kahIne sAdara asvIkAra karyo kejayAre pAThazALA mAruM badhuM kharca ApanI hoya tyAre AvI kaoNlarazipa kema laI zakAya ? prAkana bhASA ane anya darzanono abhyAsa : A daramyAna mahArAjazrI pAse AvatA aneka vidvAno sAthe paMDitajIne sAro paricaya thaI gayo hato. mahArAjazrInI icchA paMDitajIne kAmaNa saMskRtimAM pUrNa niSNAta banAvavAnI hatI. prAkRta bhASAno
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________________ paMDitavarya zrI becaradAsajI dozI 201 abhyAsa to temaNe karI ja lIdho hato. potAnA prAkRtanA abhyAsa mATe paMDitajI kahe che ke, koNa jANe zAthI, paNa prAkRna-ardhamAgadhI bhASA to mane bahu ja saraLa thaI paDI, ane jANe acAnaka ja AvI maLI gaI hoya ema e bhASA mane AtmasAt banI gaI. have bauddhadharmanA jJAna mATe pAli bhASAnA jJAnanI jarUra hatI. te mATe AcArya mahArAje DaoN. satIzacaMdravidyAbhUSaNanI sAthe paMDitajIne tathA paM. zrI haragoviMdadAsabhAIne silona mokalyA. tyAM ATha mAsa jeTalA TUMkA samayamAM potAnuM kAma patAvIne e banne jaNA pAchA kAzI AvyA ane graMthamALAmAM prAcIna jaina graMthonA saMpAdananuM kAma karavA lAgyA. rASTrIyatAno raMga ane mahAtmA gAMdhIjI tathA e. sukhalAlajIno sahavAsa : haju sudhI dhArmika, sAmAjika ane sAMpradAyika zikSaNasaMsthAomAM rASTrIyatAnI havA nahotI pahoMcI zakI. paNa baMgabhaMganI caLavaLanuM AchuM-pAtanuM darzana paDitajIe e vakhate kAzImAM karyuM hatuM, te uparathI temaNe dezI kApaDa vAparavAno ane dezI khAMDano upayoga karavAno niyama karyo hato. sane 1915-16 mAM gAMdhIjIe svadezI ane khAdInI hAkala karI tyArathI temaNe svadezI kApaDa ane vastuono upayoga karavAnuM nakkI karyuM hatuM. Ama te kALe paMDitomAM bhAgye ja jovA maLatI rASTrIyatAnI bhAvanA paMDitajInA aMtaramAM vasavA lAgI hatI. zarUAtamAM paMDitajIne jainadharma upara evI ekAMgI zraddhA ke teo jana sAhitya sivAyanAM bIjuM pustako vAMce ja nahIM. paNa prAkRta-ardhamAgadhI bhASAnA abhyAsa pachI maulika prAcIna jana sAhityanuM jema jema adhyayana-citana AgaLa vadhatuM gayuM tema tema navuM satya jANavAnI emanI icchA vadhu ne vadhu ukTa banatI gaI, manamAM ghara karI beThelI aMdhazraddhA vilIna thavA lAgI. pachI to Agamo kaMThastha karavAno emane evo nAda lAgyo ke rAtanA be-be vAge UThIne teo emAM tanmaya thavA lAgyA. prAkRta bhASAnuM UMDuM jJAna to maLI ja cUkyuM hatuM. have temAM AgamonuM vAcana ane ciMtana umerAyuM eTale emano AtmA vadhu satyazodhaka banyo. paMDitajInA jIvanano A samaya e paMDitajInA mATe krAntadarzanano ane emanA dilamAM krAMtinI bhAvanAne sajIvana karavAno samaya gaNI zakAya. AgamonAM anuvAda ane prakAzana : paMDitajIne thayuM ke jaina saMskRtino abhyadaya karavo hoya to saMskRtanA e mULa graMthono anuvAda karIne ene sarvajanasugama banAvI devA joIe. banArasamAM A icchA pUrNa thaI zake ema na lAgyuM eTale saMvata 1970-71 nA arasAmAM amadAvAdanA zeTha pUMjAbhAI hIrAcaMde sthApela jinAgama prakAzana sabhAmAM joDAyA. jaina AgamonAM pramANabhUta bhASAMtaro taiyAra karAvavAM e A saMsthAno mukhya uddeza hato. paNa jaina saMghamAM te kALe AgamonA anuvAda sAme bhAre virodha pravartata hato. udAra vicAranA ke sudhAraka dilanA AgaLa paDatA kahevAtA sAdhuo ane gRhasthone paNa A vAta rucatI na hatI. A daramyAna amadAvAdamAM mahAvIra jayaMtInI
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________________ 202 arvAcIna jaina jyotirdhaze eka sabhAmAM paMDitajIe AgamonA anuvAdanI jarUra saMbaMdhI potAnA vicAro spaSTapaNe vyakta karyA. pariNAme enI sAmeno virodha vadhu ugra banyo. e kALe to Avo virodha mArAmArI sudhI AgaLa vadhI javAnI paNa dahezata rahetI. paNa paMDitajI potAnI vAtane makakamapaNe vaLagI rahyA ane muMbaImAM rahIne A kAma karavA lAgyA. A daramyAna tA. 21-1-1919 nA roja muMbaImAM mAMgaroLa jaina sabhAnA Azraye vakatRtva pracAraka maMDaLanA maMtrInA AmaMtraNathI, zrI motIcaMda giradharalAla kApaDiyAnA pramukhapade "jaina sAhityamAM vikAra thavAthI thayelI hAni" e viSaya upara jAhera bhASaNa ApyuM ane AkhA jaina saMghamAM virodhano bhAre vaMToLa jAgI gayo. paNa je vicArako hatA temane e bhASaNe bhAre vicAra karatA karI mUkyA. A bhASaNa paMDitajInA jIvanano eka mahattvanA sImAstaMbha samuM lekhAya che. AnA lIdhe amadAvAdanA saMdhe paMDitajIne saMdha bahAra karavA jeTaluM bahumAna ApyuM ! paNa paMDitajIne mana nagna satya kahevAnA lAbhanI AgaLa A virodha kaMI visAtamAM na hato. lokaniMdA ke lokaprazaMsAne mahattva ApIe to satyane na pichANI zakAya ke na pracArI zakAya, e siddhAMta paMDitajInA manamAM deDha rIte vasI gayo hato. gAMdhIjIno samAgama : A daramyAna paMDitajIne pU. mahAtmA gAMdhIjIno samAgama thayo. eka vidvAnane AvA utkaTa satyapremI joIne gAMdhIjIe emane AzIrvAda ApyA ane potAnI vAtathI pAchA nahIM haThavA kahyuM. A pachI to gAMdhIjI sAtheno emano paricaya vadhato ja gayo. sane 1921-22 mAM teo gAMdhIjInA gujarAta purAnava maMdiramAM joDAyA, ane tyAM paMDitavarya zrI sukhalAlajInA sahakAramAM sanmatinarkanA saMpAdananuM atiduSkara kArya karyuM. prAcIna Akara (pramANabhUta graMthonA saMpAdanamAM A graMthanuM saMpAdana eka namUnedAra saMpAdana gaNAya che. temanA A kAmathI gAMdhIjIne bhAre saMtoSa thayo. paMDitajIne A ati jhINA kAmane pAra pADavA mATe potAnI DAbI AMkhanI sadAnI jhAMkhapa vahorI levI paDI. A pachI gAMdhIjInI dAMDIkUcano aitihAsika prasaMga AvI paDyo. e raNabherIno nAda saMbhaLAyA pachI gharamAM bharAI rahevuM zakya na hatuM. paMDitajI paNa e nAdanI pAchaLa ghelA banyA ane hastalikhita 'navajIvana'nA taMtrI banIne 9 mahinA vIsApura jelanA mahemAna banyA. AjIvikAnI samasyA : paNa paMDitajI mATe kharI muzkelIno samaya no jelamAMthI chUTayA pachI zarU thayo. temane briTiza hakUmatamAM dAkhala thavAno sakhata manAIhukama maLyo hato, te cheka 1933-36nI sAlamAM kaoNMgrese prAMtomAM sattA svIkArI tyAM sudhI cAlu rahyo. A daramyAna AjIvikA meLavavAnI bhAre muzkelI hatI. cha-sAta jaNanuM bharaNapoSaNa karavA sAthe dIkarA-dIkarIonA abhyAsane paNa pahoMcI vaLavAnuM hatuM. A cAra-pAMca varSa lagI koI aNanama yoddho jhajhUme tema paMDitajI aNanamaNe jIvanasaMgrAma khelatA rahyA ane mAravADa, rAjasthAna jevA pradezomAM sthAnakavAsI
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________________ paMDitavarya zrI becaradAsajI dozI 203 sAdhuo ke bIjAone bhaNAvIne potAno vikaTa jIvanapaMtha kApatA rahyA. AvI vikTa sthiti chatAM jaina sAhityamAM rahela satyano pracAra karavAnI emanI tamannAmAM jarA paNa oTa na AvI, ane jaina sAhitya sAtheno saMbaMdha zithila karIne, vidyAnAM bIjAM kSetro dvArA jIvanane sukhacenavALuM banAvavAnI lAlacathI paMDitajI sarvathA aLagA rahyA. A du:khanA ne kasoTInA samayamAM temane sAtha ApanAra temanAM sahadharmiNI zrImatI ajavALIbahenane putro prabodha-zirISane tathA putrIo lalitA ane lAvaNyavatIne ane yAda karyA sivAya ane dhanyavAda ApyA sivAya ApaNAthI kema rahI zakAya ? prAdhyApaka tarIke niyukita, sthiratA ane yazaprApti : 1938 AsapAsa amadAvAdamAM ela. DI. ArTasa kaoNleja sthapAI ane gujarAtanA sarvamAnya vidvAna DaoN. AnaMdazaMkara dhruvanA prayAsathI teo e kaoNlejamAM ardhamAgadhInA adhyApaka tarIke nimAyA. sane 1940mAM temaNe muMbaI yunivarsiTInI Thakkara vasanajI mAdhavajI vyAkhyAnamALAmAM "gujarAtI bhASAnI utkrAMti' viSe je vyAkhyAno ApyAM teNe paMDitajInA pAMDitya upara kalagI caDAvI dIdhI. jIvananAM sATha varSa daramyAna paMDitajIe jaina sAhityanI je virala sevA karI tenA lIdhe aneka mahattvanA graMtho prakAzamAM AvyA. prAcIna gujarAtI, apabhraMza ane prAkRta-ardhamAgadhI bhASAnA paMDitajI asAdhAraNa vidvAna hatA. A kSetramAM teo dezanA ane duniyAnI ucca koTinA vidvAnomAM mAnabharyuM sthAna dharAvatA. sAthe sAthe saMskRta bhASAnA paNa teo evA ja utkaTa vidvAna hatA. A badhAnI pAchaLa, jaina sAhityamAMnI sAcI hakIkato pragaTa karIne samAjane sAco rasto batAvavAnI je krAMtikArI bhAvanA teoe sevI te eka apUrva hakIkata hatI. pAMDitya ane satyalakSI krAMtipriyatAno Avo yoga bahu virala ghaTanA che. saMskRtamAM pAMDitya tathA zAstraniSThA mATe sane 1964mAM rASTrapati zrI rAdhAkRmagana taraphathI zAla oDhADIne pramANapatra maLela. A uparAMta judI-judI saMsthAo taraphathI vividha prasaMge temanuM bahumAna karI 7 suvarNacaMdraka, sAteka cAMdInI kAskeTo tathA paMdareka sanmAnapatro temane arpaNa thayelAM. aMtima varSo : kaoNlejamAMthI nivRtta thayA pachI paNa sArI evI svaicchika sevAo paMDitajIe lA. da. prAcyavidyAmaMdirane ApI hatI ane pIeca. DI.nA ghaNA vidyArthIone mArgadarzana ApyuM hatuM. Ama vividha sevAo ApI 93 varSanI jaipha vaye, sau svajana-baMdhuvargane khamAvIne. tA. 11-10-1982 nA roja teoe zAMtipUrvaka svargArohaNa karyuM. jaina saMskRti ane jaina sAhityanA vikAsa mATe paMDitajI jevA aneka satyavIra paMDina puruSonI Aje samAjane khUba jarUra che.
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________________ 204 arvAcIna jaina jayotirdharo paMDitajInI mukhya sAhityasevA teozrI dvArA likhita-saMpAdita graMthomAM nIcenI kRtio vadhAre agatyanI gaNI zakAya : gujarAta vidyApITha-gujarAna purAtattva maMdira dvArA prakAzita ane paMDita sukhalAlajI sAthe karela saMpAdana 1 sametitarka (pAMca bhAga) 2 sanmanimarka mULa anuvAda-vivecanasahita 3 jaina daSTie brahmacarya vicAra zrI. yazovijyajI jaina graMthamALAmAM paM. zrI. haragoviMdadAsa sAthenAM saMskRta prAkRta graMthanAM saMpAdano 1 ratnAkarAvArikA 9 anekAMta jayapatAkA (prathama bhAga) 2 zAMtinAtha mahAkAvya 10 syAdrAdamaMjarI 3 neminAtha mahAkAvya 11 abhidhAna citAmaNi koza 4 vijaya prazasti 12 pAnAtha caritra 5 pAMDavacaritra 13 mallinAtha caritra 6 zIladUta 14 jagadguru kAvya 7 nirbhaya bhIma vyAyoga 15 zabda ratnAkara koSa 8 ladhu vadarzana samuccaya 16 Avazyaka niryukti (prAkRta) svataMtra kRti, svataMtra saMpAdana ane anuvAda 1 prAkRta mAgepadezikA 2 bhagavatI sUtra (be bhAga) saMpAdana-anuvAda 3 prAkRta vyAkaraNa 4 mahAvIravANI >> anuvAda 5 hemacaMdrAcArya kati 6 dhammapada anuvAda 7 jainadarzana (Tradarzana samuccayanI guNaratnanI TIkAno anuvAda) anuvAda