Page #1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ akalaMkadeva kRta nyAyavinizcaya, savRtti siddhivinizcaya evaM savivRti pramANasaMgraha ke uddharaNoM kA adhyayana kamaleza kumAra jaina [bhogIlAla laheracaMda iMsTiTyUTa oNpha inDAlaoNjI, dillI meM "paramparAgata jaina sAhitya meM prApta uddharaNoM kA adhyayana" viSayaka eka bRhad yojanA para kArya cala rahA hai| ukta yojanA ke anusAra, prArambhika prayAsa ke rUpa meM "akalaMkadeva kRta AptamImAMsAbhASya evaM savivRti laghIyastraya ke uddharaNoM kA adhyayana" zIrSaka nibandha "jaina-vidyA-zodha-saMsthAna" lakhanaU dvArA "jaina vidyA ke vividha AyAma" viSaya para Ayojita vidvat saMgoSThI, 1997 meM prastuta kiyA gayA thaa| bAda meM ukta lekha ahamadAbAda se prakAzita vArSika zodha patrikA "nirgrantha" ke dvitIyAMka meM chapA hai / yaha nibandha usI dizA meM agalI kar3I hai| isameM akalaMkadeva kRta anya tIna granthoM (jinakI akalaMkakartRkatA nirvivAda siddha ho cukI hai) ke uddharaNoM kA saMkSipta adhyayana prastuta kiyA gayA hai |-lekhk] nyAyavinizcaya - nyAyavinizcaya akalaMkadeva kI eka dArzanika racanA hai| dharmakIrtikRta pramANavinizcaya grantha prasiddha hai / isakI racanA gadya-padyamaya huI hai / ataeva akalaMka kA nyAyavinizcaya nAma dharmakIrti ke pramANavinizcaya nAma kA anukaraNa ho sakatA hai| siddhasena divAkara ne apane nyAyAvatAra (jise aba aneka vidvAn siddharSikRta racanA mAnane lage haiM) meM pratyakSa, anumAna aura zabda, ina tIna pramANoM kA vivecana kiyA hai| bahuta saMbhava hai ki akalaMka ko nyAyAvatAra aura pramANavinizcaya, ye donoM grantha isa nAmakaraNa ke lie preraka rahe hoN| vAdidevasUri ke anusAra, yadi dharmakIrti kA nyAyavinizcaya nAmaka koI svataMtra grantha rahA hai, to akalaMka dvArA usakA bhI anukaraNa kiyA gayA hogA, aisA mAnA jA sakatA hai / nyAyavinizcaya kA sarvaprathama prakAzana siMdhI jaina granthamAlA ke granthAMka 12 ke rUpa meM huA hai| use nyAyavinizcayavivaraNa nAmaka TIkA se saMkalita / uddhRta kiyA gayA hai| isameM svayaM akalaMkadeva kRta vivRti nahIM hai| jabaki akalaMka ke prAyaH anya sabhI granthoM para unakI svopajJa vivRti yA vRtti prApta hotI hai| nyAyavinizcaya para bhI vRtti likhI gayI thI, kyoMki isakA eka avataraNa siddhivinizcaya TIkA meM nyAyavinizcaya ke nAma se uddhRta milatA hai / yathA-2 "taduktaM nyAyavinizcaye" "na caitad bahireva, ki tarhi bahirbahiriva pratibhAsate / kuta etat ? bhrAnte:, tadanyatra samAnam" iti / dUsarA kAraNa, nyAyavinizcayavivaraNakAra kA "vRttimadhyavartitvAt" Adi vAkya nyAyavinizcaya kI vivRti kI carcA karate hue paM. mahendrakumAra nyAyAcArya, jo akalaMkakRta granthoM ke sampAdaka bhI haiM, ne likhA hai - "laghIyastraya kI taraha nyAyavinizcaya para bhI svayaM akalaMkakRta vivRti avazya rahI hai| jaisA ki nyAyavinizcayavivaraNakAra ke "vRttimadhyavartitvAt"4 Adi vAkyoM se tathA siddhivinizcaya ke nAma se uddhRta "na caitad bahireva-"5 Adi gadyabhAga se patA calatA hai / nyAyavinizcayavivaraNa meM "tathA ca sUktaM cUrNo devasya vacanam" kahakara samAropavyavacchedAt-" zloka uddhRta
Page #2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 284 kamaleza kumAra jaina Nirgrantha milatA hai 1 bahuta kucha saMbhava hai ki isI vivRti rUpa gadyabhAga kA hI vivaraNakAra ne cUNi zabda se ullekha kiyA ho / nyAyavinizcayavivaraNakAra vAdirAja ne nyAyavinizcaya ke kevala padyabhAga kA vyAkhyAna kiyA hai|" anyatra unhoMne yaha bhI likhA hai- "dharmakIrti ke pramANavinizcaya kI taraha nyAyavinizcaya kI racanA bhI gadyapadyamaya rahI hai| isake mUla zlokoM kI tathA usa para ke gadya bhAga kI koI hastalikhita prati kahIM bhI upalabdha nahIM huii| vAdirAjasUri ne isa para eka nyAyavinizcayavivaraNa TIkA banAI hai, parantu isameM kevala zlokoM kA hI vyAkhyAna kiyA gayA hai| ataH vivaraNa meM se eka-eka zabda chA~Takara zlokoM kA saMkalana to kiyA gayA hai, kintu gadyabhAga ke saMkalana kA koI sAdhana nahIM thA, ataH vaha nahIM kiyA jA skaa| para gadya bhAga thA avazya" Adi / nyAyavinizcaya kI svopajJa vivRti ke adyAvadhi anupalabdha hone para bhI mUla bhAga meM aisI anekAneka kArikAe~ haiM, jinake saMgaThana / nirmANa meM pUrvavartI AcAryoM ke granthoM ke vAkyoM yA vAkyAMzoM ko binA kisI upakrama yA saMketa ke sammilita kiyA gayA hai| kArikA saMkhyA 1/110 kA prArambha guNaparyAyavad dravyaM-se kiyA gayA hai| yaha tattvArtha sUtra 5/37 kA vacana hai| kArikA 1/114 kA pUrvArdha "sadotpAdavyaya-dhrauvyayuktaM sadasato'gate:"10 tattvArthasUtra 5/30 kA smaraNa karAtA hai / ta. sU. kA sUtra isa prakAra hai-"utpAdavyayadhrauvyayuktaM sat / kArikA 2/154 para jo kArikA prApta hotI hai, vaha isa prakAra hai anyathAnupapannatvaM yatra tatra trayeNa kim / nAnyathAnupapannatvaM yatra tatra trayeNa kim // yaha kArikA paramparA se pAtrakesarisvAmI kRta trilakSaNakadarzana kI mAnI jAtI hai / isakA binA upakama ke yahA~ grahaNa kiyA gayA hai / kArikA 2/209 meM "asAdhanAGgavacanamadoSodbhAvanaM dvayoH / na yuktaM nigrhsthaanmrthaaprismaaptit:4| ke dvArA vAdanyAya kI kArikA "asAdhanAGgavacana...neSyate15 // " ko samAlocanA kI gaI hai / kArikA 3/2116 para samantabhadrasvAmI kRta AptamImAMsA kI prasiddha kArikA sUkSmAntaritadUrArthAH pratyakSAH kasyacidyathA / anumeyatvato'gnyAdiriti sarvajJasaMsthitiH // yathAvat grahaNa kI gayI hai| isI prakAra aura bhI aneka sUtra, vAkya, vAkyAMza yA kArikAe~ isameM grahaNa kI gayI hai| yahA~ para kucha kA hI saMketa kiyA hai ! savRtti siddhivinizcaya - savRtti siddhivinizcaya akalaMkadeva kI vizuddha dArzanika / tArkika racanA hai| siddhivinizcaya mUla evaM usakI svavRtti kA uddhAra ravibhadrapAdopajIvI anantavIryakRta siddhivinizcayaTIkA kI ekamAtra hastalikhita prati se kiyA gayA hai| isameM 12 prastAva haiM, jinameM pramANa, naya aura nikSepa kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| jaisA ki pahale likhA gayA hai ki akalaMkadeva kRta sAhitya meM, vizeSakara unake tArkika granthoM
Page #3
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ Vol. III - 1997-2002 akalaMkadeva kRta nyAyavinizcaya... 285 meM bauddha sAhitya ke hI adhika uddharaNa / avataraNa milate haiM / usa para bhI akalaMkadeva ne dharmakIti ko adhika nizAnA banAyA hai, ataeva unhoMne dharmakIrti kRta granthoM kI kevala mArmika AlocanA hI nahIM kI hai, kintu parapakSa ke khaNDana meM unakA zAbdika aura Arthika anusaraNa bhI kiyA hai| akalaMkadeva ne siddhivinizcaya kI svopajJa vRtti meM lagabhaga battIsa uddharaNa diye haiN| inameM koI cha: uddharaNa do bAra prayukta hue haiM, jinameM Age yA pIche uddharaNa sUcaka koI saMketa yA upakrama nahIM hai, ataH ye sabhI vRtti ke hI aMga pratIta hote haiM / sarvaprathama kArikA saMkhyA 1/20 kI vRtti meM "yatpunaranyat" karake "ArAmaM tasya pazyanti na taM pazyati kazcana"18 vAkya uddhRta kiyA hai| yaha bRhadAraNyakopaniSad se grahaNa kiyA gayA hai / kArikA saMkhyA 1/22 kI vRtti meM "yathA yathArthAH cintyante vizIryante tathA tathA"20 vAkya uddhata hai| yaha dharmakIrtikRta pramANavArtika kI 2/209 kArikA kA uttarArdha hai / sampUrNa kArikA isa prakAra hai-21 "tadetannUnamAyAtaM yadvadanti vipazcitaH / yathA yathArthAzcintyante vizIryante tathA tathA // " kArikA 1/27 kI vRtti meM "manyate tathAmananti tattvArthasUtrakArAH" karake "matiH smRtiH saMjJAcintA''bhinibodha ityanarthAntaram" 22 yaha sUtra uddhRta kiyA hai / yaha sUtra tattvArthasUtra kA hI hai / kArikA 2 / 8 kI vRtti meM "pazyatrayamasAdhAraNameva pazyati"24 vAkya uddhRta hai| yahI vAkya kArikA 2/15 kI vRtti ke prArambha meM "pazyannayamasAdhAraNameva pazyati darzanAt iti"25 ke rUpa meM AyA hai / yahA~ para uddharaNa sUcaka koI zabda nahIM hai, isalie vRtti kA aMga hI pratIta hotA hai| yaha kisI bauddhagrantha kA vacana hai, isakA mUla nirdezasthala jJAta nahIM ho sakA hai| kArikA 2/12 kI vRtti meM, "yato'yaM yathAdarzanameva (meveyaM) mAnameyaphalasthitiH kriyate"26 ityAdi vAkya liyA gayA hai| aura "tanna" karake kArikA 7/11 kI vRtti meM "yathAdarzanameveyaM mAnameyaphalasthiti:"27 rUpa meM eka vAkya uddhRta kiyA hai| yaha vAkya yA vAkyAMza pramANavArtika kI kArikA 2/357 se liyA gayA hai, jisameM kucha pAThabheda mAtra hai| mUla kArikA isa prakAra pAyI jAtI hai-28 "yathAnudarzanaccheyaM mAnameyaphalasthitiH / kriyate'vidyamAnApi grAhyagrAhakasaMvidAm // siddhivinizcaya meM kArikA saMkhyA 2/25 kA saMgaThana isa prakAra kiyA gayA hai- 29 buddhipUrvAM kriyAM dRSTvA svadehe'nyatra tadgrahAt / jJAyate buddhiranyatra abhrAntaiH puruSaiH kvacit // __ svayaM akalaMkadeva ne apane eka anya grantha tattvArthavArtika meM "ukta" ca" karake ise nimna rUpa meM - buddhipUrvAM kriyAM dRSTvA svadehe'nyatra tadgrahAt / manyate buddhisadbhAvaH sA na yeSu na teSu dhIH // uddhRta kiyA hai / dharmakIrtikRta santAnAntarasiddhi kA pahalA zloka bhI isI prakAra kA hai / 31
Page #4
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 286 kamaleza kumAra jaina Nirgrantha uparyukta donoM prasaMgoM se spaSTa hai ki siddhivinizcaya kI kArikA 2/25 ke uttarArdha "jJAyate" ityAdi kI racanA svayaM akalaMkadeva ne kI hai| kArikA saMkhyA 3/4 kI vRtti "go sahazo gavayaH iti vAkyAt"32 ke rUpa meM prArambha huI hai| isake mUla srotra kA abhI nizcaya nahIM ho sakA / kArikA 3/8 kI vRtti meM "yat sat tatsarvaM kSaNikameveti"33 vAkya uddhRta hai / yaha hetubindu evaM vAdanyAya kA vacana hai|4 / kArikA 3/18 kI vRtti meM "yad yadbhAvaM prati anyAnyapekSaM tattadbhAvaniyataM yathA antyA kAraNasAmagrI svakAryajananaM prati iti parasya coditacodyametat" 35 ke rUpa meM eka vAkya uddhRta kiyA gayA hai| yaha hetabinda kA vAkya hai / kArikA 4/14 kI vRtti meM "jalabubudavajjIvA: madazaktivad vijJAnamiti paraH arke kaTukimAnaM dRSTvA guDe yojayati" 37 karake eka vAkya AyA hai| inameM jalabubudavajjIvAH" nyAyakumudacandra", pR. 342 para bhI uddhRta huA hai 1 aura "madazaktivad vijJAnam" yaha vAkya nyAyakumudacandra pR. 342 evaM 343 brahmasUtrazAGkarabhASya 3/3/53, nyAyamaMjarI pR. 437 evaM nyAyavinizcayavivaraNa, prathama bhAga pR. 93 para uddhRta milatA hai| prakaraNapaMjikA pR. 146 para "madazaktivaccaitanyamiti" rUpa se uddhRta milatA hai / kArikA saMkhyA 4/21 kI vRtti meM "yataH" karake "buddhyadhyavasitamarthaM puruSazcetayate"49 vAkya AtA hai / yaha sAMkhyadarzana ke kisI graMtha kA kathana hai / yaha vAkya tattvArthazlokavArtika pR. 50, AptaparIkSA pR. 164, prameyakamalamArtaNDa pR. 100, nyAyakumudacandra pR. 190, nyAyavinizcayavivaraNa, bhAga-eka, pR. 235 syAdvAda ratnAkara, pR. 233 para bhI uddhRta milatA hai42 1 kArikA saMkhyA 5/3 kI vRtti meM "zaktasya sUcanaM hetuvacanaM svayamazaktamapi"43 vAkya uddhRta hai| yaha pramANavArtika kI kArikA 4/17 kA uttarArdha hai| sampUrNa kArikA isa prakAra pAyI jAtI hai - "sAdhyabhidhAnAt pakSoktiH pAramparyeNa nApyalam / zaktasyasUcakaM hetuvaco'zaktamapi svayam // " kArikA saMkhyA 5/3 kI vRtti "zabdAH kathaM kasyacit sAdhanamiti bruvan"45 vAkya se prArambha huI hai| yaha vAkya pramANavinizcaya se grahaNa kiyA gayA hai, kyoMki siddhivinizcaya ke TIkAkAra anantavIrya ne isa kathana ko "taduktaM vinizcaye" karake uddhRta kiyA hai / sampUrNa kathana isa prakAra hai - te tarhi kvacit kiMcid upanayato'panayato vA kathaM kasyacit sAdhanam / " kArikA saMkhyA 5/4 kI vRtti "sarva evAyamanumAnAnumeyavyavahAro vikalpArUDhena dharmadharminyAyena na bahi: sadasattvamapekSate iti cet"47 se prArambha huI hai| yaha kisI bauddha dArzanika kA kathana hai / pramANavArtika svopajJa svavRti 1/3 para "tathA cAnumAnAnumeyavyavahAro'yaM sarvo hi buddhiparikalpato buddhyArUDhena dharmadharmabhedeneti uktam"48 rUpa meM yaha kathana pAyA jAtA hai / aura pramANavArtika svavati kI TIkA 9 meM ise AcArya dignAga kA vacana kahA gayA hai / yathA - "AcAryadignAgenApyetaduktamityAha-tathA cetyAdi.." / kArikA saMkhyA 5/5 kI vRtti meM eka kArikA uddhata kI gayI hai50 -
Page #5
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ Vol. III- 1997-2002 akalaMkadeva kRta nyAyavinizcaya... "pakSadharmastadaMzena vyApto hetustridhaiva saH / avinAbhAvaniyamAt hetvAbhAsAstato'pare // " yaha hetubindu kI prathama kArikA hai51 / hetubindu ke isI zloka 1 ko hI AdhAra banAkara siddhivinizcaya kI kArikA saMkhyA 6/2 kA saMgaThana kiyA gayA hai / saMgaThita kArikA isa prakAra hai52 " pakSadharmastadaMzena vyApto'pyeti hetutAm / anyathAnupapanno'yaM na cettarkeNa lakSyate // " kArikA 5/8 kI vRtti meM " ..vAdI nigRhyate tattvataH sAdhanAGgAvacanAt tathA prativAdyapa bhUtadoSamaprakAzayan / tattvaM pramANato'pratipAdayataH asAdhanAMgavacanaM bhUtadoSaM samudbhAvayati prativAdIti...."53 ityAdi kathana ke dvArA evaM agalI 'asAdhanAGgavacana maddoSodbhAvanaM dvayoH / nigrahasthAnamiSTaM cet kiM punaH sAdhyasAdhanaiH 54 // " " isa kArikA saMkhyA 5/10 ke dvArA vAdanyAya kI Adya kArikA kI samAlocanA kI gaI hai / vAdanyAya kI mUla kArikA isa prakAra hai55 " asAdhanAMgavacanamadoSodbhAvanaM dvayoH / nigrahasthAnamanyattu na yuktamiti neSyate // " 287 kArikA saMkhyA 5/11 kI vRtti meM " tanna subhASitam " karake "vijigISuNobhayaM kartavyaM svapakSasAdhanaM ca'"5* yaha vAkya uddhRta hai / yaha kathana kisa zAstra kA hai, yaha abhI jJAta nahIM huA hai / siddhivinizcaya kI kArikA saMkhyA 5/15 kA uttarArdha isa prakAra pAyA jAtA hai57 "antarvyAptAvasiddhAyAM bahirvyAptirasAdhanam / yahI kathana akaMlaka ke eka anya grantha pramANasaMgraha kI kArikA 5 meM, isa taraha milatA hai "antarvyAptAvasiddhAyAM bahiraMgamanarthakam / " nyAyAvatAra meM ukta kathana kA abhiprAya isa prakAra vyakta kiyA gayA hai tathA use nyAyavidoM kA jJAna kahA gayA hai / mUla zloka isa prakAra hai59 - "antarvyAptyaiva sAdhyasya siddhau bahirudAhRtiH / vyarthA syAttadasadbhAve'pyevaM nyAyavido viduH // " kArikA saMkhyA 5/15 kI vRtti meM "doSavattve'pi yathA vAdyuktadoSodbhAvanAyAM prativAdinaH sAmarthyAnnigrahasthAnam 60 yaha vAkya uddhRta kiyA hai aura isa kathana ko bAlabhASita kahA gayA hai / yaha uddharaNa kisa grantha kA hai, yaha abhI patA nahIM cala sakA hai / kArikA saMkhyA 6/2 kI vRtti meM "nirUpacarita sva" karake "tadaMzaH taddharmastadekadeza iti "61 yaha vAkyAMza uddhRta hai / yaha hetubindu kA vacana hai / hetubindu meM kArikA isa prakAra Arambha hotI hai " tadaMzo hi taddharma ev....|" kArikA saMkhyA 6/2 kI vRtti meM "pakSazabdena samudAyavacanAt "63 yaha vAkya AyA hai| yaha hetubindu
Page #6
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 288 kamaleza kumAra jaina Nirgrantha ke kathana kA rUpAntara hai / mUla vAkya isa prakAra hai "pakSo dharmI avayave samudAyopacArAt" ! kArikA saMkhyA 6/2 kI vRtti meM "iti sUktaM syAt" ke sAtha "yataH pakSa zabdena samudAyasyAvacanAt dharmiNa eva vacanAt tadaMzavat taddharmo na tadekadezaH"65 vAkya AyA hai / pramANavArtika svavRtti meM "tadA hi vakturabhiprAyavazAnna tadekadezataH tadaMza pakSazabdena samudAyAvacanAt"66 isa prakAra kathana pAyA jAtA hai / siddhivinizcaya kA kathana isI para AdhArita pratIta hotA hai / kArikA saMkhyA 6/2 kI vRtti meM "vyAptiApakasya tatra bhAva eva vyApyasya vA tatraiva bhAvaH'67 vAkya pAyA jAtA hai / yaha hetubindu kA vacana hai / kahA gayA hai - tasya vyAptirhi vyApakasya tatra bhAva eva / vyApyasya vA tatraiva bhAvaH / kArikA saMkhyA 6/9 kI vRtti meM "atItaikakAlAnAM gatirnAnAgatAnAM vyabhicArAt iti ko'yaM pratipattikramaH tathaiva vyavahArAbhAvAt"69 vAkya AyA hai| kArikA saMkhyA 6/16 kI vRtti meM bhI "tAdAtmyena kutazcit" karake yahI "atItaikakAlAnAM gatirnAnAgatAnAM vyabhicArAt"70 vAkya uddhRta hai / yaha pramANavArtika svavRtti kA vacana hai| vahA~ para pUrNa kArikAMza isa prakAra hai - atItaikakAlAnAM gatirnAnAgatAnAM vyabhicArAt" lagabhaga isI kA kathana vAlI eka anya kArikA hai72 - "zaktipravRtyA na vinA rasaH saivAnyakAraNam / ityatItaikakAlAnAM gatistatkAliMgajA // " yaha kArikA siddhivinizcaya TIkA bhAga 2 pRSTha 686 para ullikhita hai| isakA nirdezasthala jJAta nahIM hai| kArikA saMkhyA 6/31 kI vRtti kA prArambha "matiH smRti: saMjJA cintAbhinibodha ityanarthAntaram"73 iti matyAdInAM tAdAtmyalakSaNaM sambandhamAha sUtrakAraH' se huA hai / yaha tattvArthasUtra kA sUtra hai / kArikA saMkhyA 6/37 kI vRtti meM "tathA ca" karake nimnalikhita do kArikAe~ dI gayI hai - "dadhyAdau na pravarteta bauddhaH tadbhuktaye janaH / adRzyAM saugatIM tatra tanUM saMzaMkamAnakaH // dadhyAdike tathA bhukte na bhuktaM kAMjikAdikam / ityasau vettu no vetti na bhuktA saugatI tanuH // iti" siddhivinizcaya ke TIkAkAra anantavIrya ne bhI "tathA ca" karake ukta donoM kArikAoM ko yathAvat uddhRta kiyA hai / "dadhyAdau" Adi ukta donoM kArikAe~ kahA~ kI hai, yaha spaSTa nahIM hai| saMbhava hai, inakI racanA svayaM akalaMkadeva ne kI ho, parantu kisI sabala pramANa ke binA kucha bhI nizcaya karanA kaThina hai| kArikA saMkhyA 7/6 kI vRtti meM "yataH" karake "pUrvasya vaikalyamaparasya kaivalyam"77 yaha vAkya AyA hai| yaha bauddha dArzanika kA kathana hai / yaha vAkya hetubindu se liyA gayA hai / kArikA saMkhyA 7/11 kI vRtti meM "tanna" karake "yathAdarzanameveyaM mAnaneya (meya) phalasthiti:"79 vAkya uddhRta hai| yaha saMbhavataH pramANavArtika kI eka kArikA kA hI pUrvArdha hai| donoM meM antara yahI hai ki "yathAnudarzanameveyaM ke sthAna para pramANavArtika meM "yathAnudarzanaceyaM" pATha milatA hai / pramANavArtika kI pUrNakArikA isa prakAra hai
Page #7
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ Vol. III-1997-2002 akalaMkadeva kRta nyAyavinizcaya... 289 "yathAnudarzanaJcayaM mAnameyaphalasthitiH / kriyate'vidyamAnApi grAhyagrAhakasaMvidAm // " kArikA 8/21 kI vRtti meM "yugapajjJAnAnutpattirmanaso liMgaM na bhavet"81 karake vAkya pUrNa huA hai| yaha nyAyasUtra kA sUtra hai, jo isa prakAra pAyA jAtA hai .... yugapajjJAnAnutpattirmanaso liGgam / kArikA saMkhyA 8/39 kI vRtti meM "caitanyavRttimacetanasya" karake "svArthamindriyANi Alocayanti manaH saGkalpayati ahaGkAro'bhimanyate buddhiradhyavasyati iti"83 vAkya uddhRta hai / isI vRtti ke TIkAkAra anantavIrya ne "tathA ca teSAM rAddhAnte" karake "indriyANyarthamAlocayanti, ahaGkAro'bhimanyate, manaH saMkalpayati, buddhiradhyavasyati, puruSazcetayate84" vAkya uddhRta kiyA hai| niHsandeha ye sAMkhyamata ke kathana haiM / parantu kahA~ se grahaNa kiye gaye haiM, yaha patA nahIM calatA / hA~, sAMkhyakArikA kI mATharavRtti5 meM ukta kathanoM kA bhAva zabdAntaroM ke sAtha prApta hotA hai / yathA- "evaM buddhyahaGkAramanazcakSuSAM kramazo vRttirdraSTA-cakSurUpaM pazyati manaH saMkalpayati ahaGkAro'bhimAnayati buddhiradhyavasyati / " isI taraha siddhivinizcaya 1/23 kI TIkA para bhI TIkAkAra ne yahI vAkya uddhRta kiyA hai.6 / kArikA 9/14 kI vRtti meM "yadyayaM nirbndhH||87 karake "nAkAraNaM viSayaH"88 vAkya uddhRta hai| yaha jainendravyAkaraNa kA sUtra hai / kArikA saMkhyA 10/7 kI vRtti meM "paryAya (nirAkaraNAt durNayaH) yathA rUpa" se "ArAmaM tasya ' pazyanti"91 ityAdi bRhadAraNyakopaniSad2 kA vAkya punaH uddhRta huA hai| kArikA 11/25 kI vRtti meM "yata:" karake "sarve" ityAdi bhavet93 ke dvArA bauddhamata kI ora saMketa kiyA gayA hai / yaha saMketa pramANavArtika kI tarapha hai / pramANavArtika meM sampUrNa kArikA isa prakAra pAyI jAtI hai|4 "sarve bhAvAH svabhAvena svasvabhAvavyavasthiteH / svabhAvaparabhAvAbhyAM yasmAt vyAvRttibhAginaH // " kArikA 12/11 kI vRtti meM "etaduktaM ca" karake "abhinna: saMvidAtmArthaH bhAti bhedIva saH punaH / pratibhAsAdibhede svApaprabodhAdau na bhidyate // "95 yaha kArikA uddhRta kI gayI hai / isa kArikA kA nirdeza sthala jJAta nahIM ho sakA hai| savivRti pramANasaMgraha - pramANasaMgraha akalaMkadeva kI tArkika / yukti pradhAna racanA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM isameM pramANoM / yuktiyoM kA saMgraha kiyA gayA hai, isalie isako pramANasaMgraha nAma diyA gayA hai / isa grantha kI bhASA aura viSaya donoM hI atyanya jaTila aura durUha haiM, isalie vidvAnoM ko bhI kaThinatA se samajhane yogya hai| isameM akalaMka ke anya granthoM kI apekSA prameyoM kI bahulatA hai / pramANasaMgraha ke aneka prastAvoM ke anta meM nyAyavinizcaya kI bahuta sI kArikAe~ binA kisI upakrama vAkya ke lI gayI haiM aura isakI prauDha zailI ke kAraNa, ise akalaMkadeva kI antima kRti aura nyAyavinizcaya ke bAda kI racanA mAnA gayA hai /
Page #8
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ Nirgrantha kamaleza kumAra jaina 290 pramANasaMgraha meM 9 prastAva haiM aura kula 872 kArikAe~ haiN| svayaM akalaMkadeva ne ina kArikAoM para eka pUraka vRtti bhI likhI hai / isa vRtti ko vivRti kahA gayA hai / pramANasaMgraha kI svopajJa vivRti meM mAtra tIna uddharaNa milate haiN| kArikA 19 kI vivRti meM "ayuktam" karake "nA'pratyakSamanumAnavyatiriktaM mAnam"96 yaha vAkya uddhRta kiyA hai| yahI vAkya akalaMka ne apane eka anya grantha laghIyastraya kI kArikA 12 kI vivRti meM "tannApratyakSamanumAnavyatiriktaM pramANam" ityayuktam" karake uddhRta kiyA hai| yahA~ para "mAnam" ke sthAna para "pramANam" pATha milatA hai / yaha kisI bauddhAcArya kA kathana hai| isakA mUla nirdezasthala prApta nahIM ho sakA hai| kArikA saMkhyA 57 kI vivRti meM "tathA paraprasiddhapramANena" karake "nApratyakSaM pramANaM na paralokAdika prameyam ananumAnamanAgamaM ca"98 vAkya uddhRta kiyA gayA hai| yaha bhI kisI bauddha dArzanika kA kathana hai| isakA nirdezasthala abhI jJAta nahIM ho sakA hai| kArikA 64 kI vivRti meM akalaMka ne nimna vAkya uddhRta kiyA hai|9 - "kSINAvaraNaH samadhigatalakSaNo'pi san vicitrAbhisandhiH anyathA dezayet" / isakA nirdezasthala bhI abhI prApta nahIM ho sakA hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki akalaMkakRta nyAyavinizcaya, savRttisiddhivinizcaya evaM savivRti pramANasaMgraha meM tattvArthasUtra, trilakSaNakadarzana, vAdanyAya, AptamImAMsA bRhadAraNyakopaniSad, pramANavArtika, santAnAntarasiddhi, hetubindu, pramANavinizcaya, AcArya dignAga, nyAyAvatAra, pramANavArtika svavRtti, nyAyasUtra, sAMkhyakArikA mATharavRtti, pramANavArtika manorathanandinITIkA tathA jainendra vyAkaraNa Adi se vAkya, vAkyAMza yA kArikAe~ uddhRta kI gayI haiM yA sammilita kI gayI haiN| akalaMkadeva eka prauDha vidvAn hone ke sAtha-sAtha, prakhara dArzanika haiM, isalie unake grantha mUlataH dArzanika, tarka-bahula evaM vicArapradhAna haiM / ataH yaha svAbhAvika hai ki unake granthoM meM dArzanika / tArkika granthoM ke hI uddharaNa prApta hoM / ina uddharaNoM meM anya paramparAoM ke sAtha-sAtha vizeSa rUpa se bauddha sAhitya ke hI adhika uddharaNa pAye jAte haiM / bauddha dArzanikoM meM bhI inhoMne dharmakIrti ke vicAroM aura unakI yuktiyoM ko adhika nizAnA banAyA hai| isakA kAraNa yahI ho sakatA hai ki akalaMka ke samaya meM bauddhoM kA adhika jora thA, usa para bhI dharmakIrti ne aura unake vicAroM ne adhika dhUma macA rakhI thii| vivecya granthoM meM kucha aise uddharaNa mile haiM, jo spaSTataH granthAntaroM se liye gaye dikhate haiN| unameM kucha aise bhI haiM jo kArikA yA vivRti ke hI aMga bana gaye haiM, inameM koI upakrama vAkya yA saMketa nahIM hone se mUlakAra dvArA racita pratIta hote haiM / uparyukta granthoM meM dUsare-dUsare granthoM ke jo padya yA vAkya Adi uddhRta haiM, unake mUla nirdeza sthaloM ko khojane kI koziza kI gaI hai| bahuta se uddharaNoM kA nirdezasthala abhI mila nahIM sakA hai, unheM khojane kA prayAsa jArI hai| yaha bhI prayatna hai ki isa taraha ke tathA anya uddhRta padya yA vAkya Adi jinajina granthoM meM Aye haiM, unako bhI ekatrita kara liyA jAye, jisase unakA tulanAtmaka adhyayana kiyA jA ske|
Page #9
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ Vol. III-1997-2002 akalaMkadeva kRta nyAyavinizcaya... 291 TippaNI: 1. syAdvAda ratnAkara, pR. 23. 2. siddhivinizcayaTIkA, pR. 141. 3. akalaMkagranthatraya, prastAvanA, pR. 38-39. 4. nyAyavinizcayavivaraNa, prathama bhAga, pR. 229. 5. siddhivinizcayaTIkA, pR. 141. 6. nyAyavinizcayavivaraNa, pR. 301, 390. 7. siddhivinizcayaTIkA, bhAga-1, prastAvanA, pR. 58-59. 8. nyAyavinizcaya, kArikA 1/110. 9. tattvArthasUtra, 5/38. 10. nyAyavinizcaya, kArikA 1/114. 11, tattvArthasUtra 5/30. 12. nyAyavinizcaya, kArikA 2/154. 13. nyAyavinizcayavivaraNa bhAga 2, pR. 177 parauddhRta / 14. nyAyavinizcaya, kArikA 2/209. 15. vAdanyAya, zloka 1 16. nyAyavinizcaya, kArikA 3/21. 17. AptamImAMsA, kArikA - 5. 18. siddhivinizcaya, kArikA 1/20 vRtti / 19. bRhadAraNyakopaniSad, 4/3/14. 20. siddhivinizcayaTIkA, kArikA 1/22 vRtti / 21. pramANavArtika, kArikA 2/209. 22. siddhivinizcayaTIkA, kArikA 21/27 vRtti / 23. tattvArthasUtra 1/13. 24. siddhivinizcayaTIkA, kArikA 28 vRtti / 25. vahI, kArikA 2/15 vRtti / 26. vahI, kArikA 2/12 vRtti / 27. vahI, kArikA 7/11 vRtti / 28. pramANavArtika, kArikA 2/357. 29. siddhivinizcayaTIkA, kArikA 2/25. 30. tattvArthavArtika 1/4 pR. 26. 31. paM. mahendrakumAra jaina, siddhivinizcayaTIkA, bhAga-1, prastAvanA, pR. 27. 32. siddhivinizcayaTIkA, kArikA 3/5 vRtti / 33. vahI, kArikA 38 vRtti / 34. hetubindu, pR. 55 evaM vAdanyAya, pR. 6.
Page #10
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 292 Nirgrantha kamaleza kumAra jaina 35. siddhivinizcayaTIkA, kArikA 3/18 vRtti / 36. hetubindu, pR0 143. 37. siddhivinizcayaTIkA, kArikA 4/14 vRtti / 38. nyAyakumudacanda 2/7, pR. 342. 39. vahI, 27, pR. 342. 40. vahI, 2/7 TippaNa 1-2, pR. 342. 41. siddhivinizcayaTIkA, kArikA 4/21 vRtti / 42. vahI, kArikA 2/21, TippaNa 4, pR. 303. 43. vahI, kArikA 5/3 vRtti / 44. pramANavArtika, kArikA 4/17. 45. siddhivinizcayaTIkA, kArikA 5/3 vRtti / . 46. vahI, kArikA 5/3 vRtti / 47. vahI, kArikA 5/4 vRtti / 48. pramANavArtikasvavRtti 1/3. 49. vahI, svavRtti, TIkA pR. 24. 50. siddhivinizcayaTIkA, kArikA 5/5 vRtti / 51. hetubindu, kArikA 1 52. siddhivinizcayaTIkA, kArikA 6/12. 53. vahI, kArikA 5/8 vRtti / 54. vahI, kArikA 5/10. 55. vAdanyAya, zloka 1 56. siddhivinizcayaTIkA, kArikA 5/11 vRtti / 57. vahI, kArikA 5/15. 58. pramANasaMgraha, kArikA 5. 59. nyAyAvatAra, zloka 20. 60. siddhivinizcayaTIkA, kArikA 5/12:-vRtti / 61. siddhivinizcayaTIkA, kArikA 6/2 vRtti / 62. hetubindu, pR. 53. 63. siddhivinizcayaTIkA, kArikA 6/2 vRtti / 64. hetubindu, pR. 52. 65. siddhivinizcayaTIkA, kArikA 6/2 vRtti / 66. pramANavArtikasvavRtti, pR. 16. 67. siddhivinizcayaTIkA, kArikA 6/2 vRtti / 68. hetubindu, pR. 53.
Page #11
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ Vol. III 1997-2002 69. siddhivinAyIkA kArikA 6/9 vRdhi / 70. siddhiviniTIkA, kArikA 6/16 vRtti , akalaMkadeva kRta nyAyavinizcaya... 79. pramANavArtika svavRtti 1/12 pU. 49. 72. siddhivinizcayaTIkA, bhAga-2, pR0 686, TippaNa 9. 73. vahI, kArikA 6/31 vRtti / 74. tattvArthasUtra 1/15. 75. siddhiviniyaTIkA, kArikA 6/37 vRti / 76. vahI, pR. 438. 77. vahI, kArikA 7/6 vRtti | 78. hetubindu, pR. 66. 79. siddhiviniTIkA, kArikA 7/11 vRti | 80. pramANavArtika, kArikA 2/357, 81. siddhivinizcayaTIkA, kArikA 8/21. 82. nyAyasUtra 1/1/16. 83. siddhivinizcayaTIkA, kArikA 8/39 vRtti 84. vahI, TIkA, pR. 581. 85. sAMkhyakArikA 30 mATharavRtti | 86. siddhivinicaTIkA, kArikA 1/23. pU. 99. 87. vahI, kArikA 9 / 14 vRtti / 88. pramANavArtika manoratha nandinI TIkA 2 / 257. 89. siddhivinizcayaTIkA, kArikA 9/37 vRtti | 90. jainendra vyAkaraNa 1/1 / 100. 91. siddhivinizcayaTIkA, kArikA 10/7 vRtti | 92. bRhadAraNyakopaniSad 4 / 3 / 14. 93. siddhivinizcayaTIkA, kArikA 91/25. 94. pramANavArtika 3/39. 95. siddhivinizcayaTIkA, kArikA 12/11. 96. pramANasaMgraha, kArikA 19 vivRti / 97. laghIyastraya, kArikA 12 vivRti / 98 pramANasaMgraha, kArikA 57 vivRti 99. vahI, kArikA 64 vivRti / 293
Page #12
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 294 kamaleza kumAra jaina Nirgrantha sandarbha grantha sUcI: nyAyavinizcaya (akalaMkagranthatrayAntargata) siMghI jaina granthamAlA, granthAMka 12, 1939. nyAyAvatAra (nyAyAvatAra vArtikavRtyantargata) siMdhI jaina sIrIjha, bhAratIya vidyA bhavana, bambaI / syAdvAdaratnAkara, AhatprabhAkara kAryAlaya, pUnA / siddhivinizcayaTIkA bhAga-1, bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana 1959. siddhivinizcayaTIkA bhAga-2, bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, 1959. hetubindu, oriyaNTala sIrIja, baDaudA / bRhadAraNyakopaniSad, nirNaya sAgara, bambaI / pramANavArtika, bihAra uDIsA risarca sosAyaTI, paTanA / pramANavArtika manorathanandinI TIkA / pramANavArtika svavRtti, kitAba mahala, alAhAbAda / pramANavArtika svavRtti, hindU vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI / pramANavArtikAlaMkAra, kA. jAyasavAla iMsTiTyUTa, paTanA / tattvArthavArtika bhAga-1, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, 1989. tattvArthavArtika bhAga-2, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, 1993. vAdanyAya, mahAbodhi sosAiTI, sAranAtha / AptamImAMsA, nirNayasAgara, bambaI / savRtti siddhivinizcaya (siddhivinizcaya TokAntargata) / nyAyakumudacandra bhAga-1, sataguru pablikezansa, dillI 1991. nyAyakumudacandra, bhAga-2, satguru pablikezansa, dillI 1991. nyAyavinizcayavivaraNa bhAga-1-2. bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana 1954. brahmasUtrazAGkarabhASya, nirNayasAgara, bambaI / nyAyamaMjarI, caukhambA sorIja, kAzI / prakaraNapaMjikA, caukhambA sIrIja, kAzI / tattvArthazlokavArtika, nirNayasAgara presa, bambaI / AsaparIkSA, vIra sevA mandira, dariyAgaMja, dillI / prameyakamalamArtaNDa, nirNayasAgara, bambaI / pramANavinizcaya, anupalabdha / pramANavArtika svavRtti TIkA, kitAbamahala, alAhAbAda / savivRti pramANasaMgraha (akalaMkagranthatrayAntargata), siMghI jainagranthamAlA, bambaI 1939. nyAyasUtra, caukhambA-sIrIja, kAzI / sAMkhyakArikA mATharavRtti, caukhambA sIrIja, kAzI / jainendra vyAkaraNa, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, kAzI / lekhaka ne Adhe se jyAdA kitAoM ke prakAzana-varSa ke bAre meM koI sUcanA nahIM dii| hama lAilAja haiN| -saMpAdaka