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________________ niyuktisAhitya : eka paricaya DaoN. zrIprakAza pANDeya pArzvanAtha zodhapITha, vArANasI.... Agama-sAhitya ke guru gaMbhIra rahasyoM ke udghATana ke lie 1. mUlaniyukti arthAt jisameM kAla ke prabhAva se kucha nirmita vyAkhyA-sAhitya meM niyuktiyoM kA atyanta mahattvapUrNa bhI mizraNa na huA ho| jaise - AcArAMga aura sUtrakRtAMga kI sthAna hai| jaina-Agama-sAhitya para sarvaprathama prAkRta bhASA meM jo niyuktiyaaN| padyabaddha TIkAe~ likhI gaI ve hI niyuktiyoM ke nAma se vizruta haiN| 2.ve niryaktiyA~ jinameM malabhASyoM kA sammizraNa ho gayA niryaktiyoM meM malagrantha ke pada para vyAkhyA na karake, mukhya rUpa hai tathApi ve vyavacchedya haiN| jaise - dazavaikAlika va se pAribhASika zabdoM kI vyAkhyA kI gaI hai| niyuktiyoM kI aavshykniyuktiyaaN| vyAkhyA-zailI, nikSepa-paddhati kI hai| nikSepa-paddhati meM kisI 3. ve niyuktiyA~ jo Ajakala bhASya yA bRhadbhASya meM eka pada ke saMbhAvita aneka artha karane ke pazcAt unameM se aprastuta arthoM kA niSedha kara prastuta artha kA grahaNa kiyA jAtA samAviSTa haiM, inake mUla aura bhASya meM itanA sammizraNa ho gayA hai hai| yaha paddhati jaina-nyAyazAstra meM atyadhika priya rahI hai| isa ki una donoM ko pRthak karanA duSkara hai| jaise-nizItha Adi kI zailI kA prathama darzana hameM anuyogadvAra meM hotA hai| niyuktikAra niyuktiyaaN| bhadrabAhu ne niyukti ke lie yahI paddhati prazasta mAnI hai| niyukti yaha vibhAjana vartamAna meM prApta niryaktisAhitya ke AdhAra kA prayojana spaSTa karate hue unhoMne likhA hai - "eka hI zabda ke para kiyA gayA hai| aneka artha hote haiM, kauna-sA artha kisa prasaMga ke lie upayukta racanAkAla - niryaktiyoM ke kAla nirNaya ke sambandha meM vidvAnoM hai. zramaNa mahAvIra ke upadeza ke samaya kauna-sA artha kisa zabda meM mataikya nahIM hai. phira bhI unakA racanAkAla vikrama saMvata se sambaddha rahA hai, prabhRti bAtoM ko lakSya meM rakhakara artha kA 300 se 100 ke madhya mAnA jAtA hai| samyak rUpa se nirNaya karanA aura usa artha kA mUlasUtra ke niyuktikAra - jisa prakAra maharSi yAska ne vaidika pAribhASika zabdoM ke sAtha sambandha sthApita karanA niyukti kA kArya hai| zabdoM kI vyAkhyA karane ke lie nighaNTubhASya rUpa nirukta dUsare zabdoM meM kahA jAya to sUtra aura artha kA nizcita sambandha likhA, usI prakAra jainAgamoM ke pAribhASika zabdoM ke vyAkhyArtha batAne vAlI vyAkhyA niyukti hai-- "sUtrArthayoH parasparaM niryojanaM AcAryabhadrabAhu dvitIya ne niyuktiyoM kI racanA kii| dhyAtavya hai sambandhanaM niyukti:"3 athavA nizcaya se artha kA pratipAdana ki niyuktikAra AcAryabhadrabAhu, caturdazapUrvadhara, chedasUtrakAra, karane vAlI yukti ko niyukti kahate haiN|' bhadrabAhu se pRthak haiM, kyoMki niyuktikAra bhadrabAhu ne aneka prasiddha jarmana-vidvAn zAnTiyara ne niyukti kI vyAkhyA sthaloM para chedasUtrakAra zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ko namaskAra kiyA karate hue likhA hai "niyuktiyA~ apane pradhAna bhAga ke kevala hai| yadi chedasUtrakAra aura niyuktikAra eka hI bhadrabAhu hote to iMDeksa kA kArya karatI haiM - ve sabhI vistArayukta ghaTanAvaliyoM sAla namaskAra kA prazna hI nahIM uThatA kyoMki koI bhI samajhadAra kA saMkSepa meM ullekha karatI haiN| granthakAra apane Apako namaskAra nahIM karatA hai| isa saMzaya kA anuyogadvArasUtra meM niyuktiyoM ke tIna prakAra batAe gae haiM eka kAraNa yaha bhI hai ki bhadrabAhu nAma ke eka se adhika - 1. nikSepanirgakti, 2. upodaghAtanirgakti . 3. AcArya hue haiN| zvetAmbara-mAnyatA ke anusAra caturdazapUrvadhara suutrsprshikniyukti| ye tInoM bheda viSaya kI vyAkhyA para AdhArita AcAryabhadrabAhu nepAla meM yogasAdhanA ke lie maye the, jabaki haiN| DaoN. ghATage ne niyuktiyoM ko nimna tIna bhAgoM meM vibhAjita digambara mAnyatA ke anusAra yahI bhadrabAhu nepAla meM na jAkara kiyA hai - dakSiNa meM gae the| ina donoM ghaTanAoM se yaha anumAna ho sakatA hai acroririrawhniwomowondwarorondomobrowbrowdniroinor-74 Horomirironiroinomiadiomowondinirbird-ord-wariwariworar
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________________ yatIndra sUri smArakaganya - jaina Agama evaM sAhitya - ki ye donoM bhadrabAhu bhI bhinna-bhinna vyakti the, parantu niyuktikAra vyAkhyA kI gaI hai| isake bAda kI niyuktiyoM meM una viSayoM kI bhadrabAhu ina donoM se bhinna tIsare vyakti the| ye caturdazapUrvadhara saMkSipta carcA karate hue vistRta vyAkhyA ke lie Avazyakaniyukti bhadrabAhu na hokara vikrama kI chaThI zatAbdI meM vidyamAna eka anya kI ora saMketa kara diyA gayA hai| isa dRSTi se anya niyuktiyoM hI bhadrabAhu haiM jo prasiddha jyotirvid vArAhamihira ke bhAI mAne ko samajhane ke lie Avazyakaniyukti kA jJAna Avazyaka hai| jAte haiN| niyuktiyoM meM itihAsa kI dRSTi se bhI aneka aisI bAteM jaina AgAmika sAhitya meM Avazyaka-sUtra kA vizeSa sthAna hai| AI haiM jo zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ke bahuta kAla bAda ghaTita huii| isameM chaH adhyayana hai| prathama adhyayana kA nAma sAmayika hai| ataH niyuktikAra bhadrabAhu dvitIya haiM jo chedasUtrakAra zeSa pA~coM adhyayanoM ke nAma caturviMzatistava, vandanA, pratikramaNa, zrutakevalIbhadrabAhu se bhinna haiN| inakA samaya vikrama saM.562 ke kAyotsarga aura pratyAkhyAna hai| Avazyakaniyukti isI sUtra kI lagabhaga hai| ye aSTAMganimitta maMtravidyA ke pAragAmI arthAt naimittika AcAryabhadrabAhukRta padyAtmaka prAkRtavyAkhyA hai| isI vyAkhyA ke rUpa meM bhI prasiddha haiM .inhoMne apane bhAI ke sAtha dhArmika ke prathama aMza arthAt sAmAyika adhyayana se sambandhita niyukti spardhAbhAva rakhate hue "bhadrabAhu saMhitA" evaM "upasargaharastotra" kI vistRta vyAkhyA AcAryajinabhadra ne vizeSAvazyakabhASya kI racanA kii| ina do graMthoM ke atirikta inhoMne nimna dasa nAma se kI hai| isa bhASya kI bhI aneka vyAkhyAe~ huI haiM, jinameM niyuktiyoM kI racanA kI - 1. Avazyakaniyukti, 2. maladhArI hemacandrakRta vyAkhyA vizeSa prasiddha hai| isake atirikta dazavaikAlikaniyukti, 3. uttarAdhyayananiyukti, 4. AcArAMganiyukti, Avazyakaniyukti para aneka TIkAe~ likhI gaI haiM jo prakAzita 5. sUtrakRtAMganiyukti, 6. dazAzrutaskandhaniyukti, 7. kalpa- bhI haiN| unameM se malayagirikRtavRtti, haribhadrakRtavRtti, maladhArI (bRhatkalpa) niyukti, 8. vyavahAraniyukti, 9. sUryaprajJaptiniyukti, hecandrakRta pradezavyAkhyA tathA candrasUrikRta pradezavyAkhyATippaNa, 10. Rssibhaassitniyukti| mANikyazekharakRta AvazyakaniyuktidIpikA, jinadAsagaNi AcAryabhadrabAhu kI ina dasa niyuktiyoM kA racanAkrama mahattarakRtacUrNi evaM vizeSAvazyaka kI jinabhadra kI svopajJavRtti vahI hai, jisa krama meM unhoMne Avazyakaniyukti meM pramukha h| niyuktiracanApratijJA kI hai| niyuktiyoM meM jo nAma, viSaya upodghAt - Avazyakaniyukti ke prArambha meM upodghAta hai, ise Adi Ae haiM, ve bhI isa tathya ko prakaTa karate haiN|' isa grantha kI bhUmikA kahA jA sakatA hai| isameM 880 gAthAe~ haiN| ___ina dasa niyuktiyoM meM se sUryaprajJapti aura RSibhASita kI upodghAta meM Abhinibodhika, zruta, avadhi, manaH paryaya aura niyuktiyA~ anupalabdha haiN| oghaniyukti, piNDaniyukti, kevala ina pA~ca prakAra ke jJAna, inake avAntara bheda, pratyeka kA paMcakalpaniryakti aura nizIthaniyukti kramaza: Avazyakaniryakti, kAla-pramANa, Abhinibodhika jJAna kI nimittabhUta pA~ca indriyA~, dazavaikAlikaniyukti, bRhatkalpaniyukti aura AcArAMganiyukti Abhinibodhika jJAna ke samAnArthaka zabda, akSara, saMjJI, samyak, kI pUraka haiN| saMsaktaniyukti kramazaH Avazyaka, dazavaikAlika, sAdika,saparyavasita, gamika, aMgapraviSTa, anakSara, asaMjJI, mithyA, bRhatkalpa aura AcArAMganiyukti kI pUraka hai| saMsaktaniyukti anAdika, aparyavasita, agamika aura aMgabAhyadeg ina caudaha bAda ke kisI AcArya kI racanA hai| govindAcAryapraNIta prakAra ke nikSepoM ke AdhAra para zrutajJAna, usake svarUpa va bheda govindAniyukti vartamAna meM anupalabdha hai| evaM avadhi tathA mana:paryayajJAnake svarUpa va prakRtiyoM kI vizada vivecanA kI gaI hai| ise jJAnAdhikAra bhI kahate haiN| isake bAda Avazyaka niyukti SaDAvazyakoM meM se sAmAyika ko sampUrNazruta ke Adi meM rakhate AcAryabhadrabAhu praNIta dasa niyuktiyoM meM Avazyakaniyukti hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki haiN| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki zramaNa ke lie sAmAyika kA kI racanA sarvaprathama huI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki yaha niyukti adhyayana sarvaprathama anivArya hai| sAmAyika ke adhyayana ke kathya, zailI Adi sabhI dRSTiyoM se adhika mahattvapUrNa hai| isa pazcAt hA anya Agama sAhitya ke par3hane kA vidha niyukti meM aneka mahattvapUrNa viSayoM kI vizada evaM vyavasthita cAritra kA prArambha hI sAmAyika se hotA hai, isalie cAritra kI pA~ca bhUmikAoM meM prathama sAmAyika cAritra kI hai|
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________________ - yatIndra sUri smArakagrantha - jaina Agama evaM sAhitya jJAna aura cAritra ke pArasparika sambandha kI carcA karate karate hue AcArya bhadrabAhu ne loka zabda kI nAma, sthApanA, hue, AcArya ne yahI siddha kiyA hai ki mukti ke lie jJAna aura kAla, bhAva, dravya, kSetra, bhava aura paryAya19 - ina ATha prakAra ke cAritra donoM anivArya haiN| cAritravihIna jJAna aura jJAnavihIna nikSepoM se vyAkhyA kI hai| isake atirikta do prakAra ke udyota20, cAritra eka-dUsare se dUra Aga se ghire hue aMdhe aura la~gar3e ke zramaNadharma, dharma ke bheda evaM avAntara bheda, tIrtha, jina, arihanta samAna haiM, jo eka-dUsare ke abhAva meM apane mantavya para nahIM Adi zabdoM kI vyAkhyA karate hue, anta meM niyuktikAra ne pahu~ca skte|12 ataH jJAna va cAritra ke saMtulita samanvaya se caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM kI nikSepapaddhati se vyAkhyA kara unake guNoM para hI mokSa prApti hotI hai| isake bAda AcArya sAmAyika ke adhikArI bhI prakAza DAlA hai|29 kI pAtratA, usakA kramazaH vikAsakrama, karmoM ke kSayopazama evaM __ vandanA - tRtIya adhyayana kA nAma vandanA hai| isa adhyayana kI mokSa-prApti kaise hotI hai? Adi praznoM, evaM tajjanita zaMkAoM ke niryakti karate hue sarvaprathama AcArya ne vandanA ke vandanAkarma. samAdhAna ke sAtha upazama evaM kSapaka zreNI kA vistRta varNana citikarma, kRtikarma, pUjAkarma aura vinayakarma ina pA~ca paryAyoM kiyA hai| isake pazcAt AcArya ziSya kI yogyatA ke mApadaMDa kA ullekha kiyA hai| isa adhyayana meM vandanA kA nau dvAroM se ra kA vyAkhyAna - vidhi se nirUpaNa karate hue apane mukhya viSaya . vicAra kiyA gayA hai - 1. vandanA kise karanI cAhie? 2. sAmAyika kA vyAkhyAna prArambha kiyA hai, jise unhoMne uddezya, kisake dvArA honI cAhie? 3. kaba honI cAhie? 4. kitanIbAra nirdeza, nirgama, kSetra, kAla, puruSa, kAraNa, pratyaya Adi chabbIsa honI cAhie? 5. vandanA karate samaya kitanI bAra jhukanA cAhie? nikSepoM ke AdhAra para vyAkhyAyita kiyA hai| isa krama meM nirgama 6. kitanI bAra sira jhukAnA cAhie? 7. kitane AvazyakoM se kI carcA karate hue bhagavAna mahAvIra ke mithyAtvAdi se nirgamana, zuddha honA cAhie? 8. kitane doSoM se mukta honA cAhie? evaM unake pUrva bhava, RSabhadeva se pUrva hone vAle kulakara, RSabhadeva 9. vandanA kisalie karanI cAhie?22 ina dvAroM kA nirdeza karane ke pUrvabhava, unakI jIvanI evaM cAritra kA varNana karate hue ra ke bAda vandyAvandya kA bhI savistAra vivecanA kiyA gayA hai| niyuktikAra ne bhagavAna mahAvIra ke janma evaM unake janma se jo dravya va bhAva se sazramaNa hai. vahI vandya hai|23 isa krama meM jJAna, hI sambandha rakhane vAlI teraha ghaTanAoM - svapna, garbhApahAra, abhigraha, darzana aura cAritra ke vibhinna aMgoM kA vicAra karane ke bAda janma, abhiSeka, vRddhi, jAtismaraNajJAna, bhayotpAdana, apatya, dAna, AcArya isI niSkarSa para pahu~cate haiM ki jo darzana, jJAna, cAritra, sambodha aura mahAbhiniSkramaNa13 tathA unake indrabhUti Adi gyAraha tapa, vinaya Adi meM hamezA lage rahate haiM, vahI vandanIya haiM aura gaNadharoM14 kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| unhIM se jinapravacana kA yaza phailatA hai|24 vandanA karane vAlA __isake pazcAt AcArya ne sAmayikasUtra ke prArambha meM Ane paMcamahAvratI, Alasyarahita, mAnaparivarjitamati, saMvigna aura vAle namaskAra maMtra kI utpatti, nikSepa, pada, padArtha, prarUpaNA, nirjarArthI hotA hai|25 vandanA ke mUlapATha "icchAmikhamAsamaNo" vastu, AkSepa, prasiddhi, krama prayojana aura phala.5 ina gyAraha kI sUtrasparzI vyAkhyA karate hue niyuktikAra ne (1) icchA, (2) dvAroM se vyAkhyA kI hai| paMcanamaskAra ke bAda sAmAyika kisa anujJApanA, (3) avyAbAdha, (4) yAtrA, (5) yApanA aura (6) prakAra karanI cAhie?96 sAmAyika kA lAbha kaise hotA hai?17 aparAdhakSamaNA ina cha: sthAnoM kI niyukti nikSepoM ke AdhAra para sAmAyika kA uddezya kyA hai?18 Adi prazroM kA vizada vivecana karakevandanAdhyayanakI niyukti ko yahIM vizrAma de diyA hai| AcArya ne kiyA hai| pratikramaNa caturvizatistava - Avazyaka sUtra kA dUsarA adhyAyana caturviMzatistava hai| caturvizati zabda kI nAma, sthApanA, dravya, pratikramaNa nAmaka yaha caturtha adhyayana hai| pratikramaNa kI kSetra, kAla aura bhAva ina cha: nikSepoM evaM stava zabda kI cAra vyAkhyA karate hue AcArya ne spaSTa kiyA hai ki - pramAda ke prakAra ke nikSepoM se vyAkhyA kI gaI hai| caturviMzatistava ke lie kAraNa AtmabhAva se jo AtmA mithyAtva Adi para sthAna meM AvazyakasUtra meM "logassujjoyagare" kA pATha hai| isakI niyukti calA jAtA hai, usakA punaH apane sthAna meM AnA pratikramaNa . hai|27 praticaraNA, pariharaNA, vAraNA, nivRtti, nindA, garhA, zuddhi28
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________________ - yatIndra sUrismArakagandha-jaina Agama evaM sAhitya - - ye pratikramaNa ke paryAya haiN| pratikramaNa para tIna dRSTiyoM se ne kAyotsarga ke bheda, parimANa, guNa, dhyAna kA svarUpa evaM vicAra kiyA gayA hai - (1) pratikramaNarUpa kriyA, (2) pratikramaNa bheda35, kAyotsarga ke vividha-aticAra zuddhi-upAya, zaTha evaM kA kartA arthAt pratikrAmaka aura (3) pratikramitavya azubhayoga azaTha dvAra,kAyotsarga kI vidhi27, ghoTakalata Adi unnIsa rUpa krm| jIva pApakarmayogoM kA pratikrAmaka hai| isalie jo doSa, kAyotsarga ke adhikArI evaM kAyotsarga ke pariNAma dhyAna Adi prazasta yoga haiM, unakA sAdhu ko pratikramaNa nahIM kI vistRta vivecanA kI hai| karanA caahie| pratikramaNa, daivasika, rAtrika, itvarika, pratyAkhyAna - Avazyaka sUtra kA SaSTha adhyayana pratyAkhyAna ke yAvatkathika, pAkSika, cAturmAsika, sAMvatsarika, uttamArthaka Adi rUpa meM hai| AcAryabhadrabAhu ne pratyAkhyAna kA nirUpaNa chaH aneka prakAra kA hotA hai| paMcamahAvrata, rAtribhuktivirati, dRSTiyoM meM kiyA hai| (1) pratyAkhyAna, (2) pratyAkhyAtA, (3) bhaktaparijJA Adi aise pratikramaNa haiM, jo yAvatkAyika yA jIvana pratyAkhyeya, (4) parSada, (5) kathanividhi evaM (6) phl|10 ra bhara ke lie haiN| sAmAnyataH uccAra-mUtra, kapha, nasikAmala, pratyAkhyAna ke chaH bheda hai - (1) nAmapratyAkhyAna, (2) Abhoga- anAbhoga, sahasAkAra Adi kriyAoM ke uparAnta sthApanApratyAkhyAna, (3) dravyapratyAkhyAna, (4) pratikramaNa Avazyaka hai| isake atirikta isa adhyayana meM AditsApratyAkhyAna, (5) pratiSedhapratyAkhyAna evaM (6) AcArya ne pratiSiddha viSayoM kA AcaraNa karane, vihita viSayoM bhaavprtyaakhyaan| pratyAkhyAna se Asrava kA nirundhana evaM samatA kA AcaraNa na karane, jinokta vacanoM meM zraddhA na rakhane tathA / kI saritA meM avagAhana hotA hai| pratyAkhyAtavya, dravya va bhAva viparIta prarUpaNA karane para pratikramaNa karane kA nirdeza dete hue rUpa se do prakAra kA hotA hai| azanAdi kA pratyAkhyAna prathama AlocanA nirapalApa Adi battIsa yogoM kI carcA kI hai|31 dravyapratyAkhyAna hai evaM ajJAnAdi kA pratyAkhyAna bhAvapratyAkhyAtavya tadanantara asvAdhyAyika kI niyukti, asvAdhyAya ke bheda hai| pratyAkhyAna ke adhikArI ko batAte hue AcArya ne kahA ki prabheda evaM tajjanita pariNAmoM kI carcA kI gaI hai| pratyAkhyAna kA vahI adhikArI hai jo vinIta evaM avyakSiptarUpa kAyotsarga - yaha Avara kA putra kA pA~cavA~ adhyayana hai| ho| anta meM pratyAkhyAna ke phala kI vivecanA kI gaI hai| kAyotsarga kI niyukti karana ka pUrva AcArya ne prAyazcitta ke Avazyakaniyukti ke isa vistRta vivecana se sahaja hI AlocanA, pratikramaNa, mizra, viveka, vyutsarga, tapa, cheda, mUla, anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai ki jainaniyukti granthoM meM anavasthApya aura pArAMcika ina dasa bhedoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| Avazyakaniyukti kA kitanA mahattva hai| zramaNajIvana kI sAla kAyotsarga evaM vyutsarga ekArthaka hai| yahA~ kAyotsarga kA artha sAdhanA ke lie anivArya sabhI prakAra ke vidhi-vidhAnoM kA vraNacikitsA hai jo kAyottha aura parottha do prakAra kI hotI hai| saMkSipta, suvyavasthita evaM marmasparzI nirUpaNa Avazyakaniyukti jaisA vaNa hotA hai. vaisI hI usakI cikitsA hotI hai| kAyotsarga kI eka bahata bar3I vizeSatA hai| meM do pada hai - kAya aura utsrg| kAya kA nikSepa bAraha prakAra se kiyA gayA hai| ye haiM -- (1) nAma, (2) sthApanA, (3) zarIra, 2. dazavaikAlikaniyukti (4) gati, (5) nikAya, (6) AstikAya, (7) dravya, (8) isa niyukti ke Arambha meM AcArya ne sarvasiddhoM ko namaskAra mAtRkA, (9) saMgraha, (10) paryAya, (11) bhAra evaM (12) bhaav| karake isakI racanA kI pratijJA kI hai|41 "daza' aura "kAla" utsarga kA nikSepa -- (1) nAma, (2) sthApanA (3) dravya, (4) ina do padoM se sambandha rakhane vAle dazavakAlika kI nikSepakSetra, (5) kAla aura (6) bhAva rUpa se chaH prakAra kA hai| paddhati se vyAkhyA karate hae AcArya ne batAyA hai ki "daza" kA kAyotsarga ke ceSTAkAyotsarga evaM abhibhavakAyotsarga nAmaka do prayoga isalie kiyA gayA hai kyoMki isameM "dasa" adhyayana haiM vidhAna hai| bhikSAcaryA Adi meM hone vAlA ceSTAkAyotsarga evaM evaM "kAla" kA prayoga isalie hai ki isa satra kI racanA usa upasarga Adi meM hone vAlA abhibhavakAyotsarga hai|32 abhibhava samaya huI jabaki pauruSI vyatIta ho cakI thI athavA jo dasa kAyotsarga kI kAla-maryAdA adhikatama eka varSa evaM nyUnatama adhyayana parvo se udadhata kie gae unakA savyavasthita nirUpaNa antarmuhUrta hai| isake atirikta isa adhyayana meM niyuktikAra sNdrytrgentertainmenor 90 rurrrrrrrrrrrmand AvaraNa .
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________________ yatIndra sUri smArakagrantha - jaina Agama evaM sAhitya vikAla arthAt aparAhna meM kiyA gyaa| isIlie isa sUtra kA -- gaMdhAra, zrAvaka, tosaliputra, sthUlabhadra, kAlaka, skandaputra, nAma dazavaikAlika rakhA gyaa| isa sUtra kI racanA manaka nAmaka parAzaraRSi, karakaNDu Adi pratyekabuddha evaM harikeza mRgAputra ziSya ke hetu AcArya zayambhava ne kii|42 dazavaikAlika meN| Adi kI kathAoM kA saMketa hai| isake atirikta nihnava, bhadrabAhu drumapuSpikA Adi dasa adhyayana haiN| ke cAra ziSyoM evaM rAjagRha ke vaimAra parvata kI guphA meM zItaparISahoM prathama adhyayana meM dharma kI prazaMsA karate hae usake laukika se evaM maccharoM ke ghora upasarga se kAlagata hone kA bhI varNana hai| aura lokottara ye do bheda evaM usake avAntara bhedoM ko btaayaa| isameM aneka uktiyA~ saktoM ke rUpa meM haiN| jaise -- "bhAvAmmiu gayA hai|43 dvitIya adhyayana meM dhRti kI sthApanA kI gaI hai| pavvajjA ArambhapariggahaccAo55 arthAt hiMsA va parigraha kA tRtIya adhyayana5 meM kSullakAcAra arthAt laghu-AcAra kathA tyAga hI bhAvapravrajyA hai| kAvyAtmaka evaM manohArI sthaloM kA kA adhikAra hai| cauthe adhyayana 6 meM AtmasaMyama ke lie bhA abhAva isa niyukti meM nahIM hai| jaise-- SaDjIvarakSA kA upadeza diyA gayA hai| piNDaSaNA nAmaka paMcama ayiruggayae sUrie adhyayana kI niyukti meM AcArya ne "piNDa" aura "eSaNA" caiyathUma gaya vAyase ina do padoM kI nikSeparUpa se vyAkhyA karate hue bhikSAvizuddhi ke bhittI gamae va Apane viSaya meM vizada vivecanA kI hai| chaThe adhyayana meM vRhad AcAra kathA kA pratipAdana hai| saptama adhyayana 9 vacana vibhakti kA sahi suhio hu jaNo na vujjhii|56 adhikAra hai| aSTama adhyayana prANidhAna arthAt viziSTa cittadharma arthAt 'sUrya kA udaya ho cukA hai, caityastambha para baiThasambandhI hai| navama adhyayana meM vinaya kA evaM dasaveM52 adhyayana baiTha kara kAga bola rahe haiM. sarya kA prakAza dIvAroM para caDha gayA hai meM bhikSa kA adhikAra hai| ina adhyayanoM ke atirikta isa sUtra kinta phira bhI he sakhi / yaha abhI so hI rahe haiN|' meM do cUlikAe~ haiM - prathama cUlikA meM saMyama meM sthirIkaraNa kA aura dUsarI meM vivattacaryA kA varNana hai| dazavaikAlikaniyukti 4. AcArAMganiyukti para aneka TIkAe~ evaM cUrNi likhI gaI haiM, jinameM uttarAdhyayananiyukti ke pazcAt evaM sUtrakRtAMganiyukti ke / jinadAsagaNimahattara kI cUrNi adhika prasiddha hai| pUrva racita yaha niyukti AcArAMgasUtra ke donoM zrutaskandhoM para hai| 3. uttarAdhyayananiyukti isameM 347 gAthAe~ haiN| AcArAMgAniyukti ke prArambha meM maMgalagAthA hai, jisameM sarvasiddhoM ko namaskAra kara isakI racanA karane kI dazavaikAlika kI bhA~ti isa niyukti meM bhI aneka pratijJA. saMjJA aura dizA kA nikSepa kiyA gayA hai| pArabhASika zabdoM kI nikSepadRSTi se vyAkhyA kI gaI hai| AcArAMga kA pravartana sabhI tIrthakaroM ne tIrtha-pravartana ke isameM 607 gAthAe~ haiN| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM bhagavAna jinendra Adi meM kiyA evaM zeSa gyAraha aMgoM kA AnupUrvI se nirmANa Adi meM kiyA evaM zeSa gyAddha aMgoM kA . ke upadeza 36 adhyayanoM meM saMgrahIta haiN| uttarAdhyayana ke "uttara" / huA aisA AcArya kA mata hai| AcArAMga dvAdazAMgoM meM prathama pada kA artha kramottara batAkara adhyayana pada kA artha batAte huye kyoM hai, isa prazna kA uttara dete hue kahA gayA hai ki isameM mokSa ke kahA gayA hai ki jisase jIvAdi padArthoM kA adhigama arthAt upAya kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai, jo ki sampUrNa pravacana kA sAra pariccheda hotA hai yA jisase zIghra hI abhISTa artha kI siddhi hotI hai|9| aMgoM kA sAra AcArAMga hai, AcArAMga kA sAra avyAbAdha hai, hai, vahI adhyayana hai| cU~ki adhyayanase aneka bhavoM se Ate huye jo sAdhaka kA antima dhyeya hai| AcArAMga meM nau brahmamacaryAbhidhAyI karmaraja kA kSaya hotA hai, isalieusebhAvAdhyayana kahate haiN| isake adhyayana, aThAraha hajAra pada evaM pA~ca cUr3Ae~ hai|| pazcAt AcArya ne zrutaskaMdha 54 kA nikSepa karate hue vinayazruta, nau adhyayanoM meM prathama kA adhikAra jIva saMyama hai, dvitIya parISaha, caturaMgIya, asaMskRta Adi chattIsa adhyayanoM kI vivecanA kI hai| isa niyukti meM zikSAprada kathAnakoM kI bahulatA hai| jaise kA karmavijaya, tRtIya kA sukha-duHkhatitikSA, caturtha kA samyaktva kI dRr3hatA paMcama kA lokasAraratnatrayArAdhanA, SaSTha kA ni:saMgatA,
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________________ . - yatIndra sUri smArakagrantha - jaina Agama evaM sAhitya - saptama kA mohasamattha parISahopasarga sahanatA, aSTham kA nirvANa cUlikAoM kA parimANa isa prakAra hai - "piNDaiSaNA" se lekara arthAt antakriyA evaM navama kA jinapratipAdita arthazraddhAna hai| "avagrahapratimA" adhyayana paryanta sAta adhyayanoM kI prathama cUlikA, dvitIya uddezaka meM pRthvI Adi kA nikSepa-paddhati se vicAra - saptara saptasaptatikA nAmaka dvitIya cUlikA, bhAvanA nAmaka tRtIya, vimukti karate huye unake vividha bheda-prabhedoM kI carcAe~ kI gaI haiN| isameM nAmaka caturtha evaM nizItha nAmaka paMca cUlikA hai|659 vadha ko kRta, kArita evaM anumodita tIna prakAra kA batAte hue 5. sUtrakRtAMganiyukti apakAya, tejaskAya, vanaspatikAya, trasakAya aura vAyukAya isa niyukti meM 205 gAthAe~ haiN| prArambha meM sUtrakRtAMga jIvoM kI hiMsA ke sambandha meM carcA kI gayI hai| zabda kI vyAkhyA ke pazcAt amba, ambarISa, zyAma, zabala, dvitIya adhyayana lokavijaya hai, jisameM kaSAyavijaya ko rudra, avarudra, kAla, mahAkAla, asipala, dhanu, kumbha, bAluka, hI lokavijaya kahA gayA hai|62 vaitaraNI, kharasvara aura mahAghoSa nAmaka pandraha paramAdhArmikoM ke tRtIya adhyayana zItoSNIya hai, jisameM zIta va uSNa padoM nAma ginAe gae haiN| gAthA 119 meM AcArya ne 363 matAntaroM kA kA nikSepa-vidhi se vyAkhyAna karate hue strI-parISaha evaM satkAra nirdeza kiyA hai, jisameM 180 kriyAvAdI, 84 akriyAvAdI, 67 parISaha ko zIta evaM zeSa bIsa ko uSNaparISaha batAyA gayA hai|63 ajJAnavAdI aura 32 vainayika hai| isake atirikta ziSya aura samyaktva nAmaka caturtha adhyayana ke cAroM udadezakoM meM zikSaka ke bheda-prabhedoM kI bhI vivecanA kI gaI hai|71 kramazaH samyak - darzana, samyak - jJAna, samyaka - tapa evaM 6. dazAzrataskandhaniyIkta samyak - cAritra kA vizleSaNa kiyA gayA hai|64 yaha niyukti dasAzrutaskandha nAmaka chedasUtra para hai| prArambha paMcama adhyayana lokasAra ke chaH uddezakoM meM yaha batAyA meM niryaktikAra ne dazA, kalpa aura vyavahAra zrata ke kartA gayA hai ki sampUrNa loka kA sAra dharma, dharma kA sAra jJAna, jJAna sakalazratajJAnI zratakevalI AcAryabhadrabAha ko namaskAra kiyA kA sAra saMyama aura saMyama kA sAra nirvANa hai|65 hai|72 tadanantara dasa adhyayanoM ke adhikAroM kA varNana kiyA hai| __dhUta nAmaka SaSTha adhyayana ke pA~ca uddezaka haiM, jisameM prathama adhyayana asamAdhisthAna kI niyukti meM dvavya va bhAva vastrAdi ke prakSAlana ko dravya-dhUta evaM ATha prakAra ke karmoM ke samAdhi kI vivecanA kI gaI hai| dvitIya adhyayana zabala kI niyukti kSaya ko bhAvadhUta batAyA gayA hai| saptama adhyayana vyavacchinna meM cAra nikSepoM ke AdhAra para zabala kI vyAkhyA karate hue apAra hai| aSTama adhyayana vimokSa ke ATha uddezaka haiN| vimokSa kA se bhinna arthAt gire vyakti ko bhAvazabala kahA gayA hai| nAmAdi cha: prakAra kA nikSepa karate hue bhAvavimokSa ke dezavimokSa tRtIya adhyayana AzAtanA kI niryakti meM mithyA pratipAdana va sarvavimokSa do prakAra batAe gae haiN| sAdhu dezavimukta evaM sambandhI evaM lAbha sambandhI do AzAtanA kI carcA kI gaI hai| siddha sarvavimukta hai|67 gaNisampadA nAmaka caturtha adhyayana meM gaNi evaM saMpadA navam adhyayana upadhAnazruta meM niyuktikAra ne batAyA hai padoM kI vyAkhyA karate hue "gaNi" va "guNI" ko ekArthaka ki tIrthaMkara jisa samaya utpanna hotA hai, vaha usa samaya apane batAyA gayA hai| AcAra ko prathama gaNisthAna diyA gayA hai, kyoMki tIrtha meM upadhAnazrutAdhyayana meM tapaH karma kA varNana karatA hai|68 isake adhyayana se zramaNadharma kA jJAna hotA hai| saMpadA ke dravya va upadhAna ke dravyopadhAna evaM bhAvopadhAna do bheda kie gae haiN| bhAva do bheda karate hae AcArya ne zarIrasaMpadA ko dravyasaMpadA evaM dvitIya zrutaskandha - prathama zrutaskandha meM jina viSayoM para AcArasaMpadA ko bhAvasaMpadA kA nAma diyA hai|73 / cintana kiyA gayA hai, una viSayoM ke sambandha meM jo kucha cittasamAdhisthAna nAmaka paMcama adhyayana kI niryakti avazeSa raha gayA thA yA jinake samasta vivakSita artha kA abhidhAna meM upAsaka evaM pratimA kA nikSepaparvaka vivecana kiyA gayA hai| na kiyA jA sakA, usakA varNana dvitIya zrutaskandha meM hai| ise nita isa citta va samAdhi kI cAra nikSepoM ke AdhAra para vyAkhyA karate agrazrutaskandha bhI kahate haiN|
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________________ yatIndra sUri smArakagrantha - jaina Agama evaM sAhitya hue rAga-dveSarahita citta ke vizuddha dharma- dhyAna meM lIna hone kI 8. vyavahAraniyukti avasthA ko bhAvasamAdhi kahA gayA hai| upAsakapratimA nAmaka SaSTha adhyayana meM "upAsaka" aura "pratimA" kA nikSepapUrvaka cintana karate hue upAsaka ke dravyopAsaka, tadarthopAsaka, mohopAsaka evaM bhAvopAsaka rUpa cAra bhedoM evaM zramaNopAsaka kI gyAraha pratimAoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| saptama adhyayana bhikSupratimA kA hai| isameM bhAva - bhikSu kI samAdhipratimA, upadhAnapratimA, vivekapratimA, pratisaMlInapratimA evaM eka vihArapratimA kA ullekha hai| aSTama adhyayana kI niyukti meM paryuSaNAkalpa kA vyAkhyAna kiyA gayA hai| parivasanA, paryUSaNA, varSAvAsa, prathamasamavaraNa Adi ko ekArthaka kahA gayA hai| navama adhyayana mohanIya sthAna kA hai, jisameM moha nAmAdi bheda se cAra prakAra kA hai| pApa, vaira, varjya, paMka, utsAha, saMga Adi moha ke paryAyavAcI haiM, aisA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| ajAtisthAna nAmaka dazama adhyayana meM ajAti arthAt janma-maraNa se vimukti - mokSa kaise prApta hotA hai, kA vizada vivecana kiyA gayA hai| 7. bRhatkalpaniryukti yaha niryuktibhASyamizrita avasthA meM milatI hai| sarvaprathama tIrthaMkaroM ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai / 74 taduparAnta jJAna aura maMgala meM kathaMcita bheda - abheda karate hue jJAna ke vividha bhedoM kA nirdeza diyA gayA hai| maMgala ke nAmamaMgala, sthApanAmaMgala, dravyamaMgala evaM bhAvamaMgala kI nikSepa-paddhati se vyAkhyA karate hue anuyoga, upakrama, anugama aura naya ina cAra anuyogadvAroM kI carcA kI gaI hai| isake atirikta niyuktikAra ne saparigrahaaparigraha, jinakAlpika evaM sthavirakAlpika ke AhAra-vihAra kI carcA karate hue AryakSetra ke bAhara vicaraNa karane se lagane vAle doSoM kA skandakAcArya ke dRSTAnta ke sAtha digdarzana karAyA hai| sAtha hI jJAna, darzana aura cAritra kI rakSA aura vRddhi ke lie AryakSetra ke bAhara vicaraNa kI AjJA evaM saMpratirAja ke dRSTAnta se usake samarthana kA bhI ullekha milatA hai / yaha niryukti svatantra na rahakara bRhalkalpabhASya meM mizrita ho gaI hai CommEMEEEE bRhatkalpa meM zramaNajIvana kI sAdhanA kA jo zabda - citra prastuta kiyA gayA hai evaM utsarga va apavAda kA jo vivecana kiyA gayA, unhIM viSayoM para vyavahAra meM bhI cintana kiyA gayA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki vyavahAraniryukti meM adhikatara unhIM athavA usI prakAra ke viSayoM kA vivecana hai jo bRhakalpaniyukti meM upalabdha haiN| ataH ye donoM niyuktiyA~ eka-dUsare kI pUraka haiM / For Private 9. sUryaprajJaptiniyukti evaM 10. RSibhASitaniyukti anupalabdha haiM, jinakI anya niryuktiyoM ke sAtha saMkSipta paricayAtmaka carcA kreNge| anya niyuktiyA~- upalabdha ina ATha niyuktiyoM ke atirikta kucha aura niyuktiyA~ bhI haiM, jo nimna haiM saMsaktaniryukti - yaha niryukti kisa Agama para likhI gaI hai, isa sambandha meM koI ullekha prApta nahIM hotaa| kitane hI vidvAn ise bhadrabAhu kI racanA mAnate haiM, kitane unake bAda ke kisI AcArya kI racanA mAnate haiN| caurAsI AgAmoM meM isakA bhI ullekha hai| nizIthaniryukti - yaha niyukti eka prakAra se AcArAMganiryukti kA eka aMga hai, kyoMki AcArAMganiryukti ke anta meM svayaM niryuktikAra ne likhA hai ki paMcamacUlikAnizItha kI niyukti maiM bAda meM karU~gA / 77 yaha niyukti nizIthabhASya meM isa prakAra se samAviSTa kI gaI hai ki ise alaga nahIM kiyA jA sakatA, isameM mukhya rUpa se zramaNAcAra kA ullekha hai / govindaniyukti - isa niyukti meM darzana sambandhI mantavyoM para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| AcArya govinda ne ekendriya jIvoM kI saMsiddhi ke lie isakA nirmANa kiyA thaa| yaha kisI eka Agama para na hokara svatantra racanA hai| bRhakalpabhASya, AvazyakacUrNi evaM nizIthacUrNi meM isakA ullekha milatA hai| yaha vartamAna meM upalabdha nahIM hai| ArAdhanAniryukti - yaha bhI vartamAna meM upalabdha nahIM hai| caurAsI AgAmoM meM "ArAdhanApatAkA" nAmaka eka Agama hai, saMbhava hai yaha niyukti usI para ho / mUlAcAra meM vaTTakerasvAmI ne isakA ullekha kiyA hai| 1 60 16 Personal Use Only tt
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________________ - yatIndra sUri smArakagranya - jaina Agama evaM sAhitya RvibhASitaniyukti - caurAsI AgamoM meM RSibhASita kA bhI 12. Avazyakaniyukti, gAthA 94-103 nAma hai| pratyeka baddha dvArA bhASita hone se yaha RSibhASita ke 13. vahI. gAthA 459 nAma se vizruta hai| isa para bhI bhadrabAhu ne niyukti likhI thIM para 14. vahI, gAthA 594 vartamAna meM anupalabdha haiN| 15. vahI, gAthA 881 sUrya jJaptiniyukti - yaha bhI vartamAna meM upalabdha nahIM hai, parantu 16. vahI, gAthA 1023-1034 AcArya malayagiri kI vRtti meM isakA nAma-nirdeza huA hai| 17. vahI, gAthA 1035 isameM sUrya kI gati Adi jyotiSazAstra * sambandhI tathyoM kA 18. vahI, gAthA 1059 sundara nirUpaNa huA hai| 19. vahI, gAthA 1064 inake atirikta piNDaniyukti, oghaniyukti evaM 20. vahI, gAthA 1066-68 paMcakalpaniyukti svatantra graMtha na hokara kramazaH dazavaikAlika, 21. vahI, gAthA 1087-89 Avazyaka aura bRhatkalpaniyukti kI hI sampUraka haiN| 22. vahI, gAthA 110-11 isa prakAra jaina paramparA ke mahattvapUrNa evaM viziSTa pAribhASika 23. vahI, gAthA 1145-47 zabdoM kI spaSTa vyAkhyA jo niyuktisAhitya meM huI hai vaha apUrva 24. vahI, gAthA 1167-1200 hai| inhIM vyAkhyAoM ke AdhAra para bAda meM bhASyakAra, cUrNikAra 25. vahI, gAthA 1024 evaM vRttikAroM ne apane abhISTa granthoM kA sRjana kiyA hai| niyuktiyoM 26. vahI, gAthA 1223 kI racanA karake bhadrabAhu ne jainasAhitya kI jo viziSTa sevA kI 27. svasthAnAtyatparasthAnaM pramAdasya vazAdagahaH / tatraiva kramaNaM hai vaha jaina Agamika-kSetra meM savarthA avismaraNIya hai| bhUyaH prtikrmnnmucyte| sandarbha-grantha - Avazyakaniyukti, gAthA 1236 28. vahI, gAthA 1238 1. anuyogadvAra, pR. 18 aura Age 29. vahI, gAthA 1244-46 2. Avazyakaniyukti, gAthA 88 3. vahI, gAthA 83 30. vahI, gAthA 1268 nizcayena arthapratipAdikA yuktiniyukti : AcArAMganiyukti 31. vahI, gAthA 1269-1273 1/2/1 32. vahI, gAthA 1447 uttarAdhyayana kI bhUmikA, pR. 50-51 33. vahI, gAthA 1453 D. Ghatge, Indian Historical Quarterly, Vol. 12, P. 270 34. vahI, gAthA 1454-55 vaMdAmi bhaddabAhuM pAINaM crimsglsuynaanniN.| 35. vahI, gAthA 1458 suttassa kAragamisi dayAsu kappe ya vavahAre / / 36. vahI, gAthA 1536-38 - dazAzrutaskaMdhaniyukti ,1 37. vahI, gAthA 1539-40 Avazyakaniyukti , gAthA 79-86 38. vahI, gAthA 1541-42 gaNadharavAda prastAvanA, pR. 15-16 . 39. vahI, gAthA 1545 Avazyakaniyukti, gAthA 17-19 40. vahI, gAthA 1550 sAmAiyamAiyAI ekkArassa ahijji| - antaH kRtadazAMga 41. (ka) dazavaikAlikaniyukti, haribhadrIyavivaraNasahita : prthmvrg| prakAzaka-devacanda lAlabhAI jaina pustakoddhAra, bambaI, 1918
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________________ catIndra sUrismArakagrantha - jaina Agama evaM sAhitya (kha) niyukti va mUla : sampAdaka E. Leumann Z DMG 59. vahI, gAthA 9 bhAga 46, pR. 589-663 60. vahI, gAthA 16-17 42. dazavaikAlika-niyukti, gAthA 12-15 61. vahI, gAthA 11 43. vahI, gAthA 26-148 62. vahI, gAthA 175 44. vahI, gAthA 152-177 63. vahI, gAthA 197-213 45. vahI, gAthA 178-215 64. vahI, gAthA 214-215 65. vahI, gAthA 244 47. vahI, gAthA 232-244 66. vahI, gAthA 249-250 48. vahI, gAthA 245-262 67. vahI, gAthA 257-259 49. vahI, gAthA 269-286 68. vahI, gAthA 275 50. vahI, gAthA 287-294 69. vahI, gAthA 297 51. vahI, gAthA 309-322 70. sUtrakRtAMganiyukti, gAthA 18-20 52. vahI, gAthA 328-347 71. vahI, gAthA 127-131 53. uttarAdhyayananiyukti, gAthA 5-7 72. dazAzrutaniyukti, 1 54. vahI, gAthA 12-26 73. jaina sAhitya kA vRhad itihAsa, bhAga 3, pR. 121 55. zAstrI vijayamuni, Agama aura vyAkhyA sAhitya eka 74. vRhatkalpaniyukti, gAthA 1 parizIlana, sanmati jJAnapITha, AgarA 1964,pR. 60 75. vahI, gAthA 3-5 56. vahI, pR. 61 76. vahI, gAthA 3271, 3289 57. AcArAMganiyukti, gAthA 1 77. paMcamacUlanisIha tassa sa ugari bhaNI haami| 58. vahI, gAthA 8 AcArAMganiyukti, gAthA 347 DoorprisindidroidrsanitariuoroubrainboxinduindiabuloudM82 drdasudministratimdubairandardnardwaraniuiridihiand