Mevad me Rachit Jain Sahitya

Author(s): Shantilal Bharadwaj
Publisher: Z_Hajarimalmuni_Smruti_Granth_012040.pdf
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/211753/1

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zrIzAntilAla bhAradvAja 'rAkeza' mevAr3a meM racita jaina sAhitya dharma-darzana aura sAhitya loka-kalyANa aura sAhitya-loka-kalyANa jahAM sAhitya kI sArthakatA kA eka viziSTa mAnadaNDa hai vahAM jaina-sAhitya mahatI pratiSThA kA adhikArI hai. jaina-dharma dayA, satya, ahiMsA aura tyAga jaisI dharma kI zAzvata mAnyatAoM kA jitanA pratiSThApaka rahA hai, lokajIvana meM svastha sAmAjika vyavasthA kA bhI vaha utanA hI mahAn mArgadarzaka rahA. jaina santoM ne, jo sAmAjika jIvana meM ghulakara bhI asaMpRkta rahe, eka ora dharma ko tathA dUsarI ora sAhitya ko jo apanI dena dI hai, bhAratIya cetanA ko, itihAsa ko, usakA RNI rahanA par3egA. dharma aura kAvya--dharma, darzana, kAvya yA sAhitya, samAja, tarka aura manovijJAna-dekhA jAya to mAnava kI vicAracetanA ke yaha vibhinna pRSTha eka dusare se itane asambaddha nahIM haiM jitane dikhAI dete haiM. dharma kA jisa kSaNa janma haikAvya kA janma bhI usI kSaNa hai. dharma kA artha jaba cocalebAjI bana gayA taba kathita dhArmikatA ne bhI kAvya ko vikRta kiyA lekina niSkarSa phira bhI yaha nahIM nikala sakatA ki dharma aura kAvya meM koI sAmaJjasya nahIM. AcArya rAmacandra zukla ne bhI 'kAvya para dhArmika prabhAva' ke sambandha meM ina bhayaMkara pariNAmoM kI cetAvanI dI thI ki dharma ko kAvya se bahiSkRta karane kA artha hindI ke lie tulasI aura sUra jaise kaviyoM ke uttarAdhikAra se vaMcita raha jAnA hogA. aura yaha satya bhI hai ki hamArA kAvya aura hamArA dharma donoM kA pravAha hameM eka hI udgama se prakaTa dikhAI detA hai. eka-dharma kI vyavasthA hotI hai. dUsarA-dhArmika prabhAva kA kAvya hotA hai. inameM bheda hotA hai; anyathA bheda honA cAhiye. kAvya ke kSetra meM dharma ko bhI maryAdita honA par3atA hai kyoMki kAvya ke lie rasajJatA kA nirvAha pratikSaNa Avazyaka hai. hA~--jahA~ dharma kAvya ko apanA AvaraNa hI mAnakara cale vahA~ thothI upadezAtmakatA kAvya-dharma-zrotA yA pAThaka-sabhI ke lie bhArI par3atI hai. kAvyasRjana bhI saphala tabhI hotA hai jaba vaha sRSTA kA dharma bana jAya. samartha paramparA-jaina-sAhitya eka lambI aura samartha paramparA kA itihAsa saMbhAlate hue bhI sAhityAlocakoM ke eka viziSTa varga kI upekSA kA pAtra rahA hai. isake kaI kAraNa samajha meM Ate haiM. upekSA ke kAraNa eka to jaina santoM kA, bhASA kI rUr3ha maryAdAoM meM baMdhe rahakara, janabhASA ke parivartita svarUpoM ko aMgIkAra karate cale jAnA. vaiSNava dharma kI paramparA meM saMskRta-graMtha aura jaina-dharma kI paramparA meM prAkRta aura apabhraMza-phira vaha yuga bhI dharmAdhIzoM ke zAstrArtha kA-isalie sambhava yaha lagatA hai ki rAjyAzraya bhogane vAle paNDita cAhe caurAsI AsanoM kI hI kasarata meM lage rahe hoM, lekina unhoMne itara bhASAoM meM racita jaina sAhitya ko pratiSThA nahIM dI hogI. dUsarA kAraNa yaha bhI ki dhIre-dhIre jainadharma bhI apane saMkoca-dharma kA pAlana karane lagA thA. KURIHIHAR MAHRAMA Jain EducTITA My LITERTAIMER PHATARNAKAMANASVEERIMILA FORPrivate spersonal use only DAam -n.tw

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860 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya sthiti aisI bhI AI ki jaina maMdira-sAhitya-jainAcArya aura zrAvaka, basa isI duniyA meM yaha dhArmika Andolana calatA rahA aura dhIre-dhIre jana-jIvana se haTakara jaina-sAhitya eka dina anusandhAna kI vastu bana gayA. cetanA kA sAhitya-kisa dharma ke saMtoM kI paramparA sAhitya-sRjana se itanI baMdhI rahI hai ? paraloka hotA ho cAhe na hotA ho, ihaloka ke kalyANa ke lie bhI ve nirantara sAhitya kA amRta pilAte rahe aura viSa ke AkarSaNa meM na phaMsane kI sadaiva cetAvanI dete rahe. bhASA ke mAdhyama kA yaha pragatizIla dRSTikoNa dhArmika siddhAntoM kI prabhAvotpAdakatA kI dRSTi se bhI sArthaka rahA, usane yuga yathArtha ke itihAsa ke sAtha bhI nyAya kiyA aura siddhAntarUpa meM usane svayaM apane bhItara vikAsa kI bhI prabala sambhAvanA chor3I. isIlie Aja kA eka dina aisA bhI AyA jahAM jaina sAhitya apanA sarvasva sthApita kara cukA hai. jAyasI aura svayaMbhU-Aja hindI sAhitya kI paramparA kA itihAsa khojane jAte haiM to prAkRta apabhraMza ke yugoM meM jaina sAhitya kA gaurava hI hamArA hAtha thAmatA hai aura taba yaha prazna uThatA hai ki sUphI jAyasI jaba hamAre lie paThanIya ho sakatA hai to jaina svayaMbhU hamAre lie paThanIya kyoM nahIM ho sakatA ? dhArmika pratispardhA kI jar3eM dinoMdina sUkhatI jA rahI haiM aura jaina-sAhitya ke vizada anusaMdhAna kI pravRtti Aja to eka Andolana kA rUpa le cukI hai.. adhyAtmalakSI darzana-bhAratIya darzana adhyAtmalakSI hai. isameM pazcima ke darzana kI bhA~ti buddhi ko pradhAnatA nahIM dI gaI hai. yahA~ Atmatattva kI zuddhi pradhAna hai, aura bhAratIya darzana kA yahI mUla saMskAra bhAratIya dharma aura samAja kI vyavasthAoM ko pratikSaNa prabhAvita karatA rahA hai. zraddhA-jJAna aura kriyA ko jainazAstroM meM samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyak cAritra ke nAma se jAnA gayA hai lekina sAdhanA ke sopAna agara pUre nahIM to lagabhaga samAna haiM. AsthA-viveka aura sakriyatA-inheM apanA lene se jIvana kA prazasta patha khulatA hai aura jaina sAhitya bhI siddhi ke ina vividha sUtroM ko jor3a pAne kA sadaiva prayatna karatA rahA hai. jaina darzana kahatA hai ki AtmA aura saccidAnanda satya hai. isameM azuddhi, vikAra, duHkharUpatA, ajJAna aura moha ke kAraNa hotI hai. jainadarzana eka ora vivekazakti ko vikasita karane kI bAta kahatA hai to dUsarI ora vaha rAgadveSa ke saMskAroM ko naSTa karane ko kahatA hai. vahA~ aviveka aura moha hI saMsAra haiM yA usake kAraNa haiM.' jaina-sAhitya lokajIvana ko unnata aura cAritrazIla banAne vAlI naitika-zikSA kA vAGmaya hai. kahane ko vaha eka viziSTa dharma hai lekina kisI bhI dharma yA deza ke loga usakA pAlana kara sakate haiM. arthAt usakI kaI mUla mAnyatAe~ aisI haiM jo sabhI ke lie Avazyaka haiM aura raheMgI. jaina-sAhitya vizAla hai. prAkRta-saMskRta aura dezabhASA-sAhitya ke nAmakaraNa kI tithi se lekara Aja taka kI gata sabhI zatAbdiyoM meM pratiSThita aura lokamAnya bhASAoM meM sAhitya-racanA kA zreya jaina sAhityakAroM ko hai. tamila, telagU, kannar3a, hindI, marAThI, gujarAtI, baMgalA aura rAjasthAnI-vibhinna bhAratIya bhASAoM meM jaina sAhitya racA gayA hai. jaina-sAhitya ke vikAsa-patha meM aneka saMta sAhityakAroM aura AcAryoM kA yoga milA hai. 'paumacariu' ke racayitA zrI vimalasUri, 'harivaMza-purANa' ke AcArya jinasena, pANDavacarita' ke devaprabhasUri, 'trizaSThizalAkA puruSa carita' ke jainAcArya hemacandra, 'jambUsvAmicarita' ke mahAkavi vIra, 'raMbhAmaMjarI' ke nayacandra, 'bhavissayatta kahA' ke dhanapAla, apabhraMza ke vAlmIki mahAkavi svayaMbhU, dhUrtAkhyAna' ke zrI haribhadrasUri, 'bRhatkathAkoSa' ke zrI hariSeNa jaise aneka diggaja racanAkAroM kI sRSTi kA yaha vizAla vAGmaya apane sudRr3ha astitva ko svataH pramANita kara rahA hai. 1. jaina dArzanika sAhitya kA siMhAvalokana zrIdalasukha, mAlavaNiyA. * * * * ** * ** * * ** * . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . JainEducatianmrgenational............... . . . . . . . . . . . . .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..Tutreagerarspanjaep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . ......A . . . . . . . . / . . . . . . MV.airelbary.org

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zAntilAla bhAradvAja 'rAkeza' : mevAr3a meM racita jaina-sAhitya : 861 siddhasena divAkara tathA anya AcArya siddhasena divAkara jaina paramparA meM tarka-vidyA ke praNetA aura jaina paramparA ke prathama saMskRta kavi ke rUpa meM sammAnita haiM. nayacandra ke sambandha meM svayaMbhU ne kahA hai ki usake kAvya meM amaracandra kA lAlitya aura zrIharSa kI vakrimA-donoM guNa haiM. mahApaNDita rAhula sAMkRtyAyana ne saMskRta ke bhASyakAroM meM zrI prabhAkara gupta ko mahatI pratiSThA dI hai aura darzana-vyAkaraNa aura kAvya ke AcArya hemacandra kA 'trizaSThizalAkApuruSa caritra' vizva-sAhitya kA bejor3a kAvya mAnA gayA hai.' haribhadrasUri ke prAkRta graMtha 'dhUrtAkhyAna' ke sambandha meM yaha mAnyatA prakaTa kI gaI hai ki yaha grantha samuccaya bhAratIya sAhitya meM apane DhaMga kI maulika graMthapaddhati kA eka uttama udAharaNa hai.2 apabhraMza kA gaurava-hindI kI jananI apabhraza bhASA ke sAhitya meM to sarvatra jaina santoM kA hI sAhitya milatA hai. svayaMbhU, dhanapAla, joindu, muni kanakAmara zAlibhadra, vijayacandrasUri, haribhadra sUri, jinadatta sUri, varddhamAna sUri, zAlibhadra sUri, devasUri, vinayacandrasUri, udyotanasUri, somaprabhasUri, jinaprabhasUri aura ratnaprabhasUri' jaise aneka racanAkAroM ne apabhraMza bhASA ko zreSTha sAhitya diyA hai. jaina racita apabhraza sAhitya ke vibhinna svarUpoM meM hameM hindI aura usakI sahAyaka bhASAoM tathA anya kaI bhAratIya bhASAoM ke janma aura vikAsa kI kahAnI milatI hai. hindI Aja apabhraza kI jitanI RNI hai--jaina sAhityakAroM kI bhI utanI hI RNI hai. sAhitya kI lagabhaga sabhI samakAlIna vidyAoM meM jaina-sAhitya kI racanA huI haiM. vahA~ yazazcandra, vAricandra, medhaprabhAcArya rAmacandra , devavijaya, yazapAla, vijayapAla aura hastimala jaise nATakakAra; pAdalipta, haribhadra, udyotanasUri, jinezvara, devabhadra, rAjazekhara aura hemahaMsa jaise kathAkAra; candraprabhasUri, hematuga, rAjazekhara aura jinaprabhasUri jaise nibandhakAra evaM itihAsakAra ; oDayadeva jaise gadyakAvyakAra; somadeva, harizcandra, arhaddAsa jaise campUkAra aura vIra nandi, vAdirAja, dhanaJjaya, vAgbhaTTa, abhayadeva, aura municandra jaise mahAkAvyakAra bar3I saMkhyA meM eka sAtha milate haiM jinhoMne stara aura parimANa-donoM dRSTiyoM se saphala racanAkAroM meM apanA sthAna banAyA hai. jaina-sAhitya ke AkarSaNa aneka haiM lekina prastuta nibandha kI maryAdA meM unakI vistRta carcA na apekSita hai aura na samIcIna hI, isalie ucita yahI hogA ki 'mevAr3a meM racita jaina sAhitya' kA yathA upalabdha vivaraNa prastuta kiyA jAya. jainAcArya aura mevAr3a jainAcArya siddhasena divAkara pahale AcArya the jinhoMne cittaur3a meM praveza kiyA. jaina-granthoM ke anusAra ve yazasvI bhAratasamrATa vikramAditya ke pratibodhaka, pragAr3ha paNDita aura mahAn dArzanika the. prAcArya haribhadra aura caityavAsI paramparA-AThavIM yA navIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna AcArya haribhadrasUri kA rAjasthAna se, vizeSakara cittaur3a se ghaniSTha sambandha rahA hai. jaina saMtoM meM yaha eka aise AcArya the jinhoMne dharma ko mArga bhaTaka jAne se bacAyA. jaina santoM meM una dinoM caityavAsiyoM kA bar3A prabhAva thA. ve caityoM yA maThoM meM rahate the aura dhIredhIre aneka AsaktiyoM se baMdha gaye the. maThoM meM rahanA, devadravya kA upayoga, raMga-biraMge vastra, striyoM ke Age gAnA, do tIna bAra bhojana, tAmbUla va lavaMga kA sevana tathA jyaunAroM meM ziSTa AhAra-unameM maThAdhIzoM kI vikRtiyA~ panapane lagI thI, ve muhUrta nikAlate the. nimitta batalAte the, zRMgAra karate the, itra lagAte the, kraya-vikraya karate the aura cele banAne ke liye baccoM taka ko kharIdate the.4 1. jaina sAhitya-DA0 hajArIprasAda dvivedI. 2. kathAkoSa prakaraNa kI bhUmikA-muni jinavijaya (sindhI jaina, granthamAlA-granthAMka 11) 3. jaina sAhitya aura cittaur3a-'agascanda nATA. 4. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa-nAthUrAma premI. * * * * * * * * * Jains... . . . . . . . . . . !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !! . .

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862 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya AcArya haribhadra ne inheM bhraSTa aura satyapatha kA virodhI ghoSita kiyA aura jainadharma ko naI dizA dene ke isa Andolana ko lambe samaya taka calAyA. prabhAcandrasUri racita 'prabhAvaka caritra' ke anusAra ve mevAr3a ke tatkAlIna zAsaka citAri ke purohita the. ve jainAgamoM meM sabase pahale saMskRta TIkAkAra aura janetara graMthoM ke bhI sarvaprathama TIkAkAra mAne gaye haiM. brAhmaNa kula meM utpanna zrI haribhadra sUri ne cittaur3a meM hI janma liyA aura cittaur3a hI inakA pradhAna kAryakSetra rahA. prApta jAnakArI ke anusAra inhoMne 1444 graMtha banAye jinameM se lagabhaga 80 graMtha prApta haiM. haribhadra kA sAhitya-AcArya haribhadra racita graMthoM kA paricaya isa prakAra hai1. zAstravArtAsamuccaya 2. yogadRSsimuccaya 3. SaDdarzana samuccaya 4. yogazataka 5. yogabindu 6. dharmabindu 7. anekAntajayapatAkA 8. anekAntavAdaprakAza 6. vedabAhyatA nirAkaraNa 10. saMbodhaprakaraNa 11. saMbodhasaptatikA 12. upadezapada prakaraNa 13. viMzatikA prakaraNa 14. Avazyaka sUtra bRhadvRtti 15. anuyogadvAra sUtravRtti 16. dignAgakRta nyAyapraveza sUtra vRtti 17. nandIsUtra laghuvRtti 18. dazavakAlikavRtti 16. prajJApanA sUtra pradeza vyAkhyA 20. jambUdvIpa saMgrahiNI 21. paMcavastuprakaraNa TIkA 22. paMcasUtra prakaraNa TIkA 23. zrAvakadharma vidhi paMcAzaka 24. dIkSAvidhi paMcAzaka 25. jJAnapaMcaka vivaraNa 26. lagnakuNDalikA 27. lokatattvanirNaya 28. aSTaka prakaraNa 26. darzana saptatikA 30. zrAvakaprajJapti 31. jJAna citrikA 32. dharmasaMgrahaNI 33. SoDaSaka 34. lalitavistarA 35. kathAkoSa 36. samarAicca kahA 67. yazodhara caritra 38. vIrAMgada kathA 36. dhUrtAkhyAna 40. munipaticaritra Adi. haribhadra sUri viracita graMthoM kI saMkhyA pratikramaNa arthadIpikA ke AdhAra para 1444, "caturdazazata prakaraNa prottuMga prAsAdasUtraNekasUtradhAraH" ityAdi pATha ke anusAra 1400 tathA rAjazekhara sUrikRta caturvizati prabandha ke AdhAra para 1440 mAnI jAtI hai. muni jinavijayajI ke kathanAnusAra unake upalabdha graMtha 28 haiM jinameM se 20 graMtha chapa cuke haiM. satya ke anveSI-haribhadrasUri ke sAhitya meM unakI udAra dharmabhAvanA kA paricaya milatA hai. ve vyavasthA yA mAnyatA ke paramparAgata satya ko pahale apane viveka kI kasauTI para kasate the. jo calA A rahA hai vahI satya hai, yaha mAnyatA AcArya haribhadra kI nahIM thI. 'pakSapAto na me vIre, na dveSaH kapilAdiSu / yuktimad vacanaM yasya, tasya kAryaH parigrahaH // 'mujhe bhagavAn mahAvIra ke prati koI pakSapAta nahIM evaM kapila Adi maharSiyoM ke prati koI dveSa bhI nahIM, parantu jinakA ** * * * * * ** * * * * * * * . . . . . . . r . . i . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . JainEduta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " / . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .... . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . A n n n ......... . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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zAntilAla bhAradvAja 'rAkeza' : mevAr3a meM racita jaina-sAhitya : 863 wwwwwwwwwwwwww vacana yuktiyukta hotA hai vahI grahaNa karane yogya hai.' AcArya haribhadra kI ina pragatizIla mAnyatAoM ne jainadharma ke Andolana kA bar3A hita kiyA aura yaha siddha hai ki una svaya ne vipula sAhitya kI racanA kI. unakA svargavAsa vi0 saM0 585 meM likhA pAyA gayA hai lekina muni jinavijaya jI ne unakA samaya vi0 saM0 557 se 827 kA mAnA hai aura DA0 harmana yAkobI ne bhI isI mata kA samarthana kiyA hai. 'samarAicca kahA' haribhadra kI amara kRti hai. 'dhUrtAkhyAna' ko bhAratIya sAhitya meM apane DhaMga kI maulika graMtha paddhati kA eka uttama udAharaNa mAnA gayA hai. jinavallabhasUri-bArahavIM zatAbdI meM AcArya jinavallabhasUri ne cittaur3a meM kaI varSa rahakara vidhimArga kA pracAra kiyA. unake vidhimArga ne caityavAsiyoM ko bar3I zaktizAlI cunautI dI. ve chanda, kAvya, darzana aura jyotiSa ke vidvAna the. kavi, sAhityakAra aura granthakAra ke rUpa meM unakI bar3I pratiSThA hai. cittaur3a hI jinavallabhasUri ke prabhAva kA udgama aura kendrasthAna banA. saMghapaTTaka aura dharmazikSA---ina do racanAoM ko zrI jinavallabhasUri ne svapratiSThita mahAvIra svAmI ke maMdira (cittaur3a) meM saM0 1164 meM zilAlekhoM meM aMkita karavAyA. jinavallabhasUri saM0 1166 meM AcArya pada ko prApta huye. cittaur3a kA gaurava-itihAsa aura purAtattva kI dRSTi se cittaur3a tathA usake samIpavartI kSetra (mAdhyamikA) kA bar3A mahattva hai. pAtaJjali-kAlIna bhArata (DA0 prabhudayAla agnihotrI) meM jisa mAdhyamikA nagarI kA ullekha milatA hai vaha cittaur3a ke samIpa thI. I0 pU0 dvitIya zatAbdI meM minANDara ne sAketa aura mAdhyamikA para AkramaNa kiyA thA. DA0 bhaNDArakara ke matAnusAra puSyamitra ne sAketa aura mAdhyamikA kI vijaya ke bAda hI pahalA azvamedha yajJa kiyA. candrabhASA aura sindha ke madhyavartI deza kA nAma zaiva deza thA jisakI rAjadhAnI zivapura yA zivipura thI. ziviyoM meM kucha loga apanA pradeza chor3akara uttara paMjAba aura rAjapUtAnA meM cale Aye. eka dUsarI zAkhA rAjapUtAnA meM cittaur3a ke pAsa jA basI. yahAM inakI rAjadhAnI cetapura thI, yaha sthAna cittaur3a se 11 mIla uttara meM hai aura yahI pAtaMjali kI mAdhyamikA hai. mAdhyamikA-mAdhyamikA ko nagarI nAma se bhI jAnA jAtA hai. yaha nagarI vahI hai jisakA ullekha 'aruNadayavanomAdhyamikAm' ityAdi ke rUpa meM pAtaJjali ke mahAbhASya meM milatA hai. yaha zivi janapada kI rAjadhAnI thI. isI mAdhyamikA ke nAma para jaina zvetAmbara saMpradAya ke eka muni-saMgha kI purAtanakAla meM eka zAkhA prasiddha huI jisakA ullekha kalpasUtra kI sthavirAvalI meM 'majjhimA sAhA (mAdhyamikA zAkhA) ke rUpa meM milatA hai. isI sthAna para aitihAsika mahattva ke aneka prAcIna sikke mile haiM. kiMvadaMtiyoM ke anusAra isa nagarI ke bhagnAvazeSoM kI IMTeM mahAbhArata kAlIna batAI jAtI haiM. yaha nagarI Aja se 2000 varSa se bhI pUrva ke bauddha va jainadharma ke prAdurbhAva kA itihAsa apane sAtha jor3e huye hai. zaiva, zAkta aura vaiSNava ke atirikta yaha sthAna jainiyoM aura bauddhoM ke dharmapracAra kA bhI pramukha kendra rahA hai . cittaur3a jainAcAryoM ke AcAryatva kA dIkSAsthala bhI rahA hai. jinadattasUri AcArya jinavallabhasUri ke uparAMta unhIM ke paTTadhara zrI jinadattasUri kA nAma pramukha rUpa se AtA hai. inakA kAryakSetra 1. haribhadrasUri-IzvaralAla jaina (jaina satyaprakAza). ** * *** *** ** * ** * . . . . . . . . . . . ... . .. . . . JainEQUENot . . . . . i . . . . rora . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " .. . . . . . rary.org . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IT . . T . .

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864 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya mevAr3a, mAravAr3a, vAgar3a, sindha, dillI aura gujarAta rahA. jinadattasUri vyAkaraNa, koSa, chanda, kAvya, alaMkAra, nATaka jyotiSa, vaidyaka aura darzana ke prakANDa paNDita aura eka samartha sAhityakAra the. prAkRta, saMskRta aura apabhraza ke isa vidvAna lekhaka ne aneka granthoM kI racanA kI. 'gaNadhara sArdhazataka' unakA eka vikhyAta grantha hai jisameM prasiddha gaNadharoM kI prazastiyA~ haiM. isa grantha meM 150 prAkRta gAthAe~ hai. zrI jinadattasUri kI nimna racanAoM kA ullekha milatA hai1. gaNadhara sArdhazataka (prAkRta) 2. saMdeha dohAvalI 3. caityavaMdana kulakam 4. sugurupArataMtryastava (prAkRta) 5. upadeza rasAyanam [apabhraMza 6. carcarI [apabhraza] 7. kAlasvarUpa kulakam [apabhraza] 8. sarvAdhiSThAyi stotrayaM (prAkRta) 6. vighnavinAzistotra (prAkRta) 10. vizikA (saMskRta) 11. upadezakulakam 12. avasthA kulakam 13. zrutastava 14. adhyAtmagItAni 15. utsUtra padodghATana. kathita dharmaguruoM ke viruddha Andolana karake unhoMne naitika mUlyoM kI pratiSThA para bala diyA. ve vikhyAta sAhityasamAlocaka mammaTa ke samakAlIna the. mammaTa kAvya meM rasa ko pradhAnatA dete haiM aura jinadattasUri kI racanAoM meM bhI bhAvapakSa pradhAna hai. unakA sRjana stutiparaka bhI rahA aura aupadezika bhI. somasundarasUri--tapAgaccha ke prabhAvaka aura vidvAna AcArya somasundarasUri kA sambandha mevAr3a ke delavAr3A nAmaka sthAna se rahA hai. san 1450 se inheM upAdhyAya pada prApta huA aura unhoMne tatkAla hI devakulapATaka (delavAr3A) meM praveza kiyA. taba rANA lAkhA ke maMtrI rAmadeva aura cUNDA ne pravezotsava karavAyA. AcArya somasundara ne delavAr3A meM hI 'saMtIkaraM stotra' kI racanA kI jisakA pATha Aja bhI jaina samAja meM pratidina kiyA jAtA hai. inake samaya meM delavAr3A meM pracura sAhityasRjana aura pratilekhana huA. citrakUTa (cittaur3a) aura delavAr3A ke sAtha-sAtha mevAr3a ke AghATa [Ayar3a], karaher3A [karer3A], nAgadaha [nAgadA], kezariyA jI, kuMbhalagar3ha, mAMDalagar3ha, bijauliyA, jAvara, udayapura, kAMkaraulI Adi aneka kSetroM meM bhI vipula jaina sAhitya kI racanA huI hai. mevAr3a kA sRjana 1. zalAkA sattarI-jaina AcArya hematilakasUri racita apabhraMza bhASA kI isa racanA meM sattara mahApuruSoM ke jIvanacarItra haiM. hematilakasUri ko AcArya pada saM0 1382 meM prApta huA. 2. mAtRkAkSara caitya paripATI-phAlguna su0 6 saM0 1477 meM AcArya hemahaMsa ne isa kRti kI racanA kI. isameM akArAdi krama se jaina tIrthoM kI nAmAvalI prastuta kI gaI hai. ukta kRti kI eka prati muni kAntisAgara jI ke saMgraha meM dekhane ko milI hai jisakA lipikAra bhI lekhaka svayaM hai. 3. guruguNaSaTtriMzikA-zrI ratnazekharasUri ne saM0 1485 meM jaina guruoM para yaha apabhraMza kA stuti kAvya likhA. muni kAntisAgara jI ke saMgraha meM jo prati milI usake lipikAra bhI zrI ratnazekharasUri hI haiM. 1. gaNadhara sArdhazataka aura unako bRhad vRtti-muni kAMtisAgara, JainEducation a Private Person www.jainenorary.org

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zAntilAla bhAradvAja 'rAkeza' : mevAr3a meM racita jaina-sAhitya : 895 wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww 4. citrakUTa prazasti-jinasundarasUri ke ziSya zrI cAritraratna gaNi ne cittaur3a ke mahAvIra-maMdira kI yaha prazasti saM0 1465 meM likhI. ukta prazasti kI saM0 1508 kI pratilipita prati bhaNDArakara risarca insTITyUTa paTanA meM upalabdha haiM. 5. aitihAsika guru zrAvaliyAM-jaina muni hemasAra ne isa meM AcAryoM kA caritra citraNa kiyA hai. hemasAra saM0 1466 meM delavAr3A meM the. ukta kavi kI nimna racanAoM kA bhI ullekha milatA hai : [a] jJAna paMcamI caupAI [ba] guru AvalI ullikhita pustaka kI bhI eka hI prati muni kAMtisAgara jI ke saMgraha meM dekhane ko milI hai. 6. vastupAla carita kAvya 7. ratnazekhara kathA-uparokta donoM kRtiyoM kI racanA AcArya jayacandrasUri ke ziSya jinaharSagaNi ne saM0 1467 meM cittaur3a meM kI. ma. jJAna pradIpa-cittaur3a meM saM0 1467 meM vizAlarAja nAmaka muni ne isa grantha kI racanA sampanna kI. 6. citrakUTa-caitya-paripATI-vikhyAta jaina gadyakAra zrI pAzucandrasUri racita 'citrakUTa-caitya-paripATI' meM jainamaMdiroM kA sundara varNana milatA hai. pAzucandrasUri kA janma saM0 1537, AcAryapada saM0 1565 aura svargArohaNa saM0 1612 kA rahA hai isaliye 16 vIM aura 17 vIM zatAbdI ke saMdhikAla kI mAnI jAnI cAhie. 10. vikrama-khApara caritra caupaI-saM0 1563 meM rAjazIla nAmaka kavi ne cittaur3a meM ukta kRti kI racanA kI. yaha eka lokakathAkAvya hai. vikramAditya aura khApariyA cora ke prasiddha lokakathAnaka para ukta kAvya AdhArita hai. 11. gorAbAdala padminI caupAI-pramukha jainAcArya zrI hemaratnasUri ne bar3I sAdar3I meM saM0 1645 meM ukta kRti kI racanA kI. hemaratnasUri kA samaya saM0 1616 se saM0 1673 taka kA mAnA gayA hai. yaha pUNiyAgaccha ke vAcaka padmarAja ke ziSya the. kRti meM jAyasI ke padmAvata se milatI-julatI kathA hai jisameM itihAsa aura kalpanA kA sammizraNa hai. pradhAna rasa vIra hai lekina gauNa rupa meM zRMgAra bhI samAviSTa hai. svAmIdharma kI bar3AI aura padminI kA zIlavarNana ukta kAvya kI vizeSatAe~ haiM. kavi ke anusAra yaha 'likhamI varNana' nAmaka kevala pahalA hI khaNDa hai tathApi kathA kI dRSTi se yaha apane Apa meM pUrNa kAvya pratIta hotA hai.2 1. rAjasthAnI bhASA aura sAhitya-DA0 hIrAlAla mahezvarI (pR0 266). 2. padminI kI yaha kathA kAvyarUpa meM sarvaprathama jAyaso ke padmAvata meM saM0 1540 meM AI. isase pUrva bhI lokakathA ke rUpa meM yaha kathA atyadhika pracalita rahI hai. jAyasI ke bAda phariztA kI 'tavArIkhA' meM jAyasI ke kathAnaka se hI milatI-julatI kathA milatI hai. nAhaTA jI ke saMgraha meM bhI 'gorAbAdalakavitta' nAma kI kRti pAye jAne kA ullekha milatA hai. vi0 saM01645 meM hemaratnasUri kI uparokta racanA milatI hai jo kathA kI usI paramparA se sambaddha hai. isake uparAMta bhI, saM0 1760 meM bhAgavijaya nAma ke eka jaina kavi ne isI kathA kA parivardhana kiyA. saM0 1680 meM jaTamala nAhara ko 'gorAvAdala caupaI' milatI hai. saM0 1705-6 meM labdhodaya kA 'padminI carita' milatA hai jisakA ullekha isI lekha meM Age kiyA gayA hai. _Jain ECRC9 6 C2523 walaingilibrary.org

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wwwwww 866 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya AcArya hemaratnasUri kI nimna racanAoM kA bhI ullekha milatA hai.' 1. mahIpAla caupAI 2. amarakumAra caupAI 3. sItA caupAI 4. lIlAvatI 12. zrI pUjya ratnasiMha rAsa-devagar3ha ke pAsa sthita tAla nAmaka sthAna meM zUjI kavi ne isa kRti kI racanA kI. grantha kA racanAkAla saM0 1648 hai. yaha 44 padoM kI eka laghu kRti hai jisameM ratnasiMha ke vyaktittva kA citraNa kiyA gayA hai. AcArya ratnasiMha loMkAgaccha, ke eka pramukha AcArya huye haiM. 13. aJjanA rAsa--jAvarapura [jAvara mAinsa] meM ukta rAsa kI racanA saM0 1652 meM kavi narendrakIti ne kI. yaha eka paurANika kAvya hai jisameM rAmakathA ke pramukha pAtra hanumAna kI mAtA aJjanA kI kathA hai. 54. zukana caupAI--isakA racanAkAla saM0 1660 batAyA gayA hai. zrI jayavijaya isake racanAkAra haiM. giripura [DUMgarapura meM rAjA sahasramala ke rAjyakAla meM 'zukana caupAI' kI racanA huI. rAjA sahasramala kA rAjyakAla saM0 1633 se 1663 taka mAnA gayA hai.' isI lekhaka ne saM0 1668 meM saMgrahaNImUla nAmaka bhaugolika grantha kI pratilipi kI. 15. baccharAja haMsarAja rAsa--koTar3A meM kavi mAnacanda ne saM0 1675 meM isa kRti kI racanA kI. vaccharAja aura haMsarAja nAmaka donoM bhAI isa kRti kI kathA ke pramukha pAtra haiM. yaha mAnacanda yA mAnamuni jainAcArya jinarAjasUri ke ziSya the. 16. zivajo zrAcArya rAsa-zrI dharmasiMha ne saM0 1697 meM udayapura meM isa rAsa kI racanA kI. yaha eka aitihAsika kRti hai. mUrtipUjA meM vizvAsa na rakhane vAlA bhI eka pakSa jaina samAja meM hai jinake zivajI nAmaka AcArya huye haiM. muni dharmasiMha ne inhIM zivajI AcArya kA varNana ukta rAsa meM kiyA hai. 'zivajI AcArya rAsa' kA loMkAgaccha ke aitihAsika kAvyoM meM mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai. 17. jayakumAra zrAkhyAna-satrahavIM zatAbdI meM bhaTTAraka paramparA ke narendrakIti ke ziSya kAmarAja ne 'jayakumAra AkhyAna' kI racanA kI. saMskRta kA yaha grantha DUMgarapura meM racA gayA. kAmarAja kI eka aura racanA 'trizaSThi zalAkA puruSacarita' kA bhI ullekha milatA hai. 18. sahasraphaNA pArzva jina stavana-saM0 1701 meM zAhapurA meM kavi vinayazIla ne isa stavana kI racanA kI. yaha 45 padoM kA laghu stutikAvya hai. 1. rAjasthAnI bhASA aura sAhitya--DA0 I.rAlAla mahezvarI. 2. Aja ke pramukha khanijakendra jAbara ko gata kaI varSoM pUrva se kAphI prasiddhi prApta hai. mahArANA lAkhA ke samaya se hI yahA~ zozA nikAlA jAtA rahA hai. jAvara meM jaina purAtattva ko vipula sAmagro pAI jAtI hai. kaI prAcIna zilAlekhoM aura pratimAlekhoM meM jAvara kA ullekha milatA hai. 3. DUMgarapura rAjya kA itihAsa-rAyabahAdura gaura zaMkara horAcanda ojhA. 4. digambara saMpradAya meM munipada ke bAda bhaTTArakoM ko pramukhatA thI. bhaTTArakoM kI do zAkhAeM mukhya hai (1) uttara bhAratIya (2) pazcima bhAratIya. pazcima bhAratIya zAkhA ke puraskartA bhaTTAraka sakalakIrti huye haiM. isa paramparA ne vAgar3a aura gujarAta ke sImAvartI pradeza meM gaddiyoM sthApita kI aura bhaTTArakoM ke protsAhana meM vipula sAhitya kI racanA huI. 4 ( K Jain Eucaliente SENEST ainettbrary.org

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zAntilAla bhAradvAja 'rAkeza' : mevAr3a meM racita jaina-sAhitya : 817 16. saMyoga battIsI-suprasiddha jainakavi mAnamuni ne udayapura meM 'saMyoga battIsI' kI racanA kI. isa eka hI kRti ko nimna cAra nAmoM se jAnA jAtA hai; 1. mAnamaMjarI 2. saMyoga dvAtriMzikA 3. saMyoga battIsI 4. mAna battIsI yaha mAnakavi vahI mAnasiMha haiM jo 'bihArI satasaI' ke TIkAkAra aura rAjavilAsa ke racayitA haiM. mAnakavi nAma ke ekAdhika kavi rAjasthAna meM huye haiM isaliye kucha vidvAna satasaI ke TIkAkAra aura rAjavilAsa ke racayitA ko eka nahIM mAnate. mAnakavi ko alaMkArazAstra kA acchA jJAna thA. saMyoga battIsI nAyikA-bheda kA eka zreSTha kAvya hai. mAnamuni vijayagaccha ke saMta the aura vijayagaccha kA udayapura meM bar3A prabhAva rahA hai. 20. aJjanAsundarikA rAsa-rAsa ke racanAkAra kA nAma bhuvanakIrti hai. digambara aura zvetAmbara samAja meM bhuvanakIrti nAma ke bhI ekAdhika kavi milate haiM parantu 'aJjanAsundarikA rAsa' ke racayitA bhuvanakIti kharataragacchIya jinaraMga sUri ke AjJAnuvartI the. bIkAnera ke mukhyamaMtrI karmacandra ke vaMzaja zrI bhAgacandra ke liye udayapura meM isa grantha kI racanA kI gaI. grantha kA racanAkAla saM0 1706 hai. una dinoM udayapura meM mahArANA jagatasiMha kA zAsana thA. ukta rAsa meM rAmakathA ke pramukha pAtra zrI hanumAna kI mAtA aJjanA kI kathA hai, jisa caritra ko jaina paurANika mAnyatAoM ke anurUpa DhAlA gayA hai. 21. padminI caritra-saM0 1707 meM kavi labdhodaya ne udayapura meM isa kRti kI racanA kI. labdhodaya kI kavitva zakti ko janasAhitya meM vizeSa pratiSThA prApta hai. ve lagabhaga 40-50 varSoM taka sAhityasRjana meM lage rahe. ve 6 ullekhanIya rAsoM ke racayitA mAne gaye haiM. unakA vihAra mevAr3a meM adhika huA. padminI caritra kI racanA saM0 1706 meM zuru huI aura caitrIpUnama saM0 1707 ko usakI racanA samApta huI. udayapura, gogUdA aura dhUlevA hI labdhodaya kI sAhitya-racanA ke pramukha kendra rahe haiM. 22. dhannA kA rAsa-kavikhetA ne vairATha (badanora ke pAsa) saM0 1732 meM ukta rAsa kI racanA kI. rAsa meM bihAra ke rAjagRhanagara ke suprasiddha zreSTha dhannA ke caritra tathA usakI samRddhi kA varNana hai. samRddha aura sampanna vyakti ke liye Aja bhI dhannA seTha kI jo upamA dI jAtI hai vaha yahI dhannA zreSThI haiM. vairATha vaise jayapura meM hai lekina ukta rAsa meM hI eka ullekha vairATha nagara kI sthiti ko spaSTa kara detA hai : "medapATa meM jANiye re vAMko gar3ha vairaatth|" arthAt yaha vairATha medapATa (mevAr3a) kA hI hai. 23. prAMtare kA stavana-kavi tejasiMha ne 1735 meM nAMdesmAM (jilA udayapura) meM ukta stavana kI racanA kI. muni tejasiMha loMkAgaccha ke 18 vIM sadI ke pramukha AcArya the. kavi ne koThArI ThAkurasI ke liye ukta stavana kI racanA kI. inakI anya racanAyeM bhI upalabdha haiM jinameM 'guruguNamAlAbhAsa' eka aitihAsika kRti hai. 24. bhImajI caupAI-prastuta kRti meM bhImajI kA aitihAsika varNana diyA gayA hai lekina prati sammukha na hone se bhImajI ke sambandha meM adhikRta rUpa se kucha nahIM kahA jA sakatA. bhImajI nAma kA koI Asapura kA zAsaka avazya huA hai. saM0 1742 meM puMjapura (DUMgarapura) meM yaha kRti racI gaI. kRti meM ullekha milatA hai ki isakA racanAkAra muni kIrtisAgara sUri kA koI ziSya thA. Jation wajanwarrary.org

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868 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya puMjapura DUMgarapura ke zAsaka zrI pu~jarAja (saM0 1664-1713) dvArA basAyA gayA. 25. anAthI saMdhi-prasiddha jainatIrtha RSadeva se 8 mIla dUra kalyANapura nAmaka sthAna para kavi krama ne saM0 1745 meM ukta kRti kI racanA kI. yaha muni hema lokAgaccha ke muni khetasI ke ziSya the. 'anAthI-saMdhi meM anAthI nAma ke eka jaina muni para likhA gayA caritakAvya hai. kalyANapura mevAr3a ke itihAsa kA eka pramukha sthAna hai jahA~ purAtattva kI vipula sAmagrI milatI hai. 26. izukAra siddha caupAI-isakA racanAkAra bhI vahI kavi hema hai jisane anAthi saMdhi kI racanA kI. saM0 1747 meM yaha kRti udayapura meM racI gaI. yaha eka caritakAvya hai aura 'uttarAdhyayana sUtra' ke AdhAra para racA gayA hai. 27. kakkA battIsI--akSara battIsI-yaha vastuta: eka hI kRti ke do nAma haiM jisakI racanA kavi maheza ne saM 1750 meM udayapura meM kI. kisI-kisI prati meM isake racayitA kA nAma muni himmata bhI batAyA gayA hai. hastalikhita hindI granthoM ke 18 veM trivArSika vivaraNa meM bhI isakA racanAkAra udaya nAmaka kavi diyA gayA hai jo saMbhavataH anveSaka kI lipiviSayaka bhUla hI hai. yaha eka upadezAtmaka kAvya hai. 28. vairasiMha kumAra caupAI-devagar3ha meM mohana vimala kavi ne saM0 1758 meM isakI racanA kI. devagar3ha ke tatkAlIna zAsaka kuvara pRthvIsiMha ke liye yaha paurANika kAvya racA gayA. 21. candana malayAgiri caupaI-saMvat 1776 meM lAsa nAmaka gA~va meM kesara kavi ne yaha kRti racI. yaha eka lokakAvya hai. isa lokakAvya kI prathama kRti bhadrasena (satrahavIM sadI) kI hai --aisA ullekha bhI milatA hai. yaha eka pracalita lokAkhyAna hai jisakI sacitra kRtiyA~ bhI milatI haiM. 30. RSidattA caupAI-devagar3ha meM kavi cauthamala ne saM0 1864 meM 'RSidattA caupAI' kI racanA kI. yaha eka paurANika kAvya hai jo upadezamAlA ke AdhAra para racA gayA hai. 31. sthAnakavAsI terApaMthI mUrtipUjakoM kI carcA-nAthadvArA meM kavirAja dIpavijaya ne saM0 1874 meM isa kRti kI racanA kI. inakI aura racanAyeM bhI milatI haiM jinameM sohamakula paTTAvali rAsa mukhya hai. 32. kesariyAjI kA rAsa-isa nAma kI aura bhI stavanamUlaka racanAyeM milatI haiM. kesariyA jI meM saM0 1877 meM zrI tejavijaya ne isa rAsa kI racanA kI. sIhavijaya bhI saM 1887 meM kesariyA jI Aye aura dhUlevA (RSabhadeva) meM unhoMne bhI 'kesariyA jI kA rAsa' kI racanA kI. 33. DhAlamaMjarI aura rAmarAsa-yaha eka paurANika kAvya hai. dhanezvarasUri, hemacandrasUri Adi AcAryoM dvArA racita prAcIna kRtiyoM ke AdhAra para isa rAsa kI racanA kI gaI. sujJAnasAgara ne udayapura meM saM0 1882 meM isa kRti kI racanA kI. satrahavIM zatAbdI meM vijayagacchIya muni kesarAja ne bhI 'rAma yazorasAyana' nAmaka kRti meM rAmakathA kA vistAra kiyA hai. nagaravarNanAtmaka kAvya bhArata ke prAcIna sAhitya meM nagara-varNanAtmaka saikar3oM ullekha milate haiM. kathA-sAhitya meM bhI nagara-racanA-viSayaka prakaraNa milate haiM. bhavya nagara varNana kAvya kI mahAkAvyocita garimA kI bhI kasauTI mAnA gayA hai. nagaroM ke vibhinna sthAnoM para sarvAMgapUrNa prakAza DAlane vAle svataMtra granthoM meM jainAcArya zrI jinaprabhasUri racita vividhatIrthakalpa kA sthAna sarvocca hai.' 1. nagara varNAtmaka hindI padya saMgraha-saM0 muni kAntisAgara. ANSAR CAN LOL STREAM -ON Jain Educ ATVA PrivatePerstates . mutanery.org

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zantilAla bhAradvAja 'rAkeza' : mevAr3a meM racita jaina-sAhitya : ERE satrahavIM zatAbdI meM punaH jainoM kA dhyAna isa ora AkRSTa huA. hindI sAhitya meM yaha nagara-varNana jaina kaviyoM kI maulika dena hai. mevAr3a meM nimna nagaravarNanAtmaka kAvya likhe gaye34. udayapura kI gajala--kavi khetala ne saM0 1757 meM 'udayapura kI gajala' nAma se udayapura nAma kA padyabaddha varNana kiyA. 78 chandoM kI isa gajala meM udayapura ke jalAzayoM, mahaloM, bAjAroM, udyAnoM Adi kA itivRttAtmaka sundara varNana milatA hai. 35. cittaur3a kI gajala-isake racayitA bhI kavi khetala hI haiM. vi0 saM0 1746 meM cittaur3a kI gajala kI racanA kI gaI. isameM cittaur3a ke kile, jainamaMdiroM, pratimAoM, mahaloM, Adi ke bhavya varNana milate haiM. yaha 56 chandoM kI kRti hai. ina gajaloM meM prayukta pramukha chanda ko 'gajala cAla' nAma diyA gayA hai aura saMbhavataH isIlie inakA nAmakaraNa gajala kiyA gayA hai. 36. udayapura ko chanda-tapAgacchIya jainAcArya jasasAgara ke ziSya zrI jasavaMtasAgara ne saM0 1775-60 ke AsapAsa isa kAvya kI racanA kI' saM0 1775 meM, mahArANA rAjasiMha ke samaya udayapura meM rahakara jasavaMtasAgara ne kaI granthoM kI racanA kI. ApakA adhikatara nivAsa udayapura meM hI rahA jAna par3atA hai. 'udayapura ko chanda' kRti meM udayapura ke kile, nagara, maMdiroM Adi kI vistRta jAnakArI prastuta kI gaI. udayapura ke anya varNanoM para bhI isa chanda kI chApa hai. 18 vIM se 20 vIM zatAbdI ke pUrvAddha taka udayapura para 6 varNanAtmaka prazastiyA~ prApta ho cukI haiM. 37. bhedapATha dezAdhipa prazasti varNana-kavi hema racita yaha prazasti mevAr3a kI tAtkAlika sthiti kA sundara citra prastuta karatI hai. yaha lagabhaga 15 mudrita pRSThoM kA kAvya hai. hema nAma ke eka aura bhI cAraNakavi huye haiM. yaha cAraNa hema mahArAja gajasiMha ke samaya meM jodhapura meM huye. mAtra itanA hI nahIM, mevAr3a meM vipula jaina sAhitya kI racanA huI hai lekina vaha sabhI abhI prakAza meM nahIM A pAI hai. 1. jasavaMta sAgara kRta udayarapu varNana-muni kAntisAgara (madhumatI varSa 3-aMka 3) 2. buddhiprakAza (aprela meM jUna 1642).