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________________ mANDU ke jAvar3a zAha C mUla lekhaka DaoN0 sI0 krAuse anuvAdaka: DaoN0 satyavrata saMskRta vibhAga, rAjakIya mahAvidyAlaya, zrIgaMgAnagara (rAjasthAna) baljI kA zAsana thA, usakI rAjadhAnI 1 1498-99 I0 meM jaba mAlaya pradeza para gayAsuddIna ( Adhunika mANDu ) meM eka bhavya utsava kA Ayojana kiyA gayA thA / yaha udyApana parva thA / jaina samAja kucha vratoM kI pUrNAhUti - pAraNA para aba bhI aisA utsava manAtA hai| isa avasara para dhArmika jJAna, vizvAsa tathA AcaraNa ke unnayana ke liye samucita upahAra die jAte haiN| isa udyApana kA vizeSa mahattva thA / usa samaya pavitra jaina mahilA 'kumArI' ne kharataragacchIya jaina yati vAcanAcArya 'somadhyaja' ko kalpasUtra kI eka svarNAkSarI sacitra prati bheMTa kI thI, jo usane pracura dhana vyaya karake taiyAra karavAyI thI / ++ saMvat 1555 meM likhita yaha utkRSTa hastaprati Aja bhI upalabdha hai| kalpasUtra ke ardhamAgadhI pATha ke atirikta isameM atyanta alaMkRta kAvya-nIlI meM nibaddha 11 saMskRtamayoM kI eka prazasti hai, jo aitihAsika dRSTi se bahuta upayogI hai| isa prazasti kI racanA somadhvaja ke praziSya ke ziSya muni zivasundara ne ukta saMvat meM kI thI aura usI varSa isakI pratilipi kI gayI thI / " kalpa - prazasti meM lekhaka ne kevala upahAra kA hI vistRta varNana nahIM kiyA hai, apitu maNDupa ke jaina vyApArI jasadhIra ke vaMza ke sampUrNa itihAsa kA bhI nirUpaNa kiyA hai| kalpasUtra kI bheMTakartrI 'kumarI', jasadhIra kI cAra patniyoM meM se dUsarI thI / prazastikAra ne apanA vivaraNa parivAra ke sAtaveM pUrvaja se prArambha kiyA hai, jo dillI kA pratiSThita vyApArI thA / yaha parivAra taba taka dillI meM rahatA rahA, jaba taka isakA caturtha pUrvaja mANDU meM sthAnAntarita na huA / mANDU meM isa parivAra kI eka laghu zAkhA basa gayI thI / jasadhIra isI zAkhA se sambandhita thA / zrImAlI kula kA bahakaTa gotrIya yaha parivAra kharataragaccha kA anuyAyI thA / vaMzaparamparA ke anurUpa jasadhIra tatkAlIna gacchadhara AcArya jinasamudrasUri kA zraddhAlu ziSya thA / usane 'saMghapati' kI spRhaNIya upAdhi prApta kI mI tathA apanI dAnazIlatA evaM dhArmika vicAradhArA ke kAraNa suvikhyAta thA isIliye prazasti meM usakI mukta prazaMsA kI gayI hai| yahI prazaMsA usake una pUrvajoM ko prApta huI hai, jinhoMne apane saskRtyoM ke kAraNa viziSTa pada prApta kiye the / anya pUrvajoM kA prazasti meM kevala nAmollekha hai / ina gauravazAlI puruSoM ke samudAya meM sIdhe vaMzavRkSa se kucha haTakara do aise vyakti the, jinakA nAma saMyogava jAvar3a thA / ve donoM mANDU ke vAsI tathA samasAmayika the / 1. kharataragacchIya jAvara jAvaha nAmadhArI ina do vyaktiyoM meM se kama mahatvapUrNa jAvaha, jagadhIra kA jAmAtA thA / use kumarI kI sauta jhaSakU kI bar3I putrI, sarasvatI, vivAhita thI / usake viSaya meM kalpasUtraprazasti 1. isa prazasti kI pratilipi mujhe zrI agaracanda nAhaTA ke saujanya se prApta huI thii| 2. kalpaprati 2 .
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________________ mANDU ke jAvar3a zAha se kevala itanA hI jJAta hotA hai ki vaha saMghapati maNDaNa kA putra thA (54) / ullekhoM kI svatantratA se abhAsa hotA hai ki yaha jAvar3a apane samakAlIna lekhakoM ko prabhAvita nahIM kara sakA / vaha nizcaya hI apane labdhapratiSTha pitA kI apekSA kama pratiSThita thA, jisake bAre meM kalpaprazasti ke atirikta anya srotoM se bhI paryApta jAnakArI upalabdha hai tathA jisake prakhyAta nAma ke pIche jAvar3a eka pariziSTa-sA pratIta hotA hai| kramazaH saMvat 1528 tathA 1532 meM likhita vasudevahiNDI aura bhagavatIsUtra kI hastapratiyoM kI puSpikAoM se, jinakI pratilipiyA~ saMghapati maNDaNa (mANDaNa) ne mANDU ke bhaNDAra ke liye karavAyI thIM, vidita hotA hai ki vaha zrImAlI kula ke Thakkura gotra se sambandhita tathA kharataragaccha kA anuyAyI thaa| vaha saMghapati jayatA tathA usakI patnI hImI kA Atmaja thaa| usane pratimA-pratiSThA, devAlaya- nirmANa, saghayAtrA Adi sukRtyoM se jaina dharma ke prati apanI niSThA pramANita kI thI tathA satrAgAroM kI sthApanA Adi dAna-kArya kiye the / usane pUrvokta bhaNDAra ke liye samUce siddhAnta (jaina dharma ke pavitra grantha) kI pratilipi bhI karAI thii| mudrita pustakoM ke abhAva ke usa yuga meM yaha niHsandeha prazaMsanIya kArya thaa| isa bAta para bala diyA gayA hai ki yaha saba kucha usane ImAnadArI se ajita vizAla dhanarAzi kharca karake sampanna kiyA thaa| vasudevahiNDI kI puSpikA meM usakI patnI lIlAde tathA usake putroM khImA aura karaNa kA to ullekha hai, kintu jAvar3a ke viSaya meM sarvathA vaha mauna hai / bhagavatIsUtra kI puSpikA ke anusAra usake putroM kA nAma saMghapati khImarAja tathA saMghapati jAu haiN| jAu. niHsandeha, jAvar3a kA nAmAntara hai| jAvar3a ke putra nInA kA bhI isa puSpikA meM ullekha AyA hai| zilAlekhoM se isa tathya kI puSTi hotI hai ki zrImAlI kula ke jayatA ke putra maNDaNa (athavA mANDaNa) ne jina-mUrtiyoM kI sthApanA kI thI tathA jinacandrasUri se unakA abhiSeka (pratiSThA) karAyA thaa| jinacandrasari kharataragaccha ke sattAvana AcArya aura isa prakAra jinasamudrasUri ke pUrvavartI the, jo, jaisA pahale kahA gayA hai, jasadhIra ke guru the / saMvat 1524 ke eka zilAlekha' se spaSTa hai ki usane maNDapadurga meM, usa varSa, zreyAMsa kI pratimA sthApita kI thii| isa lekha se yaha bhI jJAta hai ki vaha Thakkura gotra kA thaa| jAvar3a kA ukta lekha meM koI ullekha nahIM hai, yadi jhAMjhaNa jAvar3a kA bhraSTa rUpa na ho| saMvat 1533 ke eka anya lekha meM mANDaNa kI patnI lIlAde tathA usake putra jAvar3a ke nAma Aye haiM / isI lekha meM yaha nirdeza bhI hai ki mANDaNa ne supArzva kI pratimA kI pratiSThA karavAyI thI jisa para prastuta lekha utkIrNa hai / isameM sthAna tathA gotra ke nAma kA sarvathA abhAva hai| isameM tanika bhI sandeha nahIM ki uparyukta puSpikAoM tathA zilAlekhoM ke maNDaNa tathA jAvar3a (jAu) una mamanAma vyaktiyoM se abhinna hai, jinakA ullekha kalpa-prazasti meM huA hai| kharataragacchIya jAvar3a kA saMkSipta vivaraNa yahIM samApta hotA hai| vaha na apane udAra tathA dUradarzI pitA ke pagacihnoM para calA, na usane apane vizAlahRdaya zvasura kA anugamana kiyaa| jahA~ taka hameM jJAta hai, usane aisA koI kRtya nahIM kiyA thA jisase usakA nAmollekha nyAyocita kahA jA sakatA, yadi loga use usake gauravazAlI samanAmatapAgacchIya jAbar3a se abhinna mAnane kI bhUla na karate / / 1. vinayasAgara : pratiSThA-lekha-saMgraha, naM0 651 2. vahI, naM0 757 3. isa maNDaNa (mANDaNa) ko usake samavartI athavA lagabhaga samavartI samanAma vyaktiyoM, vizetaH mantrI maNDana se abhinna mAnanA bhrAmaka hai, yadyapi mantrI maNDana bhI mANDU ke vAsI tathA zrImAlI kula evaM kharataragaccha se sambandhita the| ve sonagara-gotrIya bAhar3a ke putra the| -ema0 DI0 desAI : jaina sAhitya kA saMkSipta itihAsa (bambaI, 1933), pR0 668-704 4. agaracanda nAhaTA : mANDavagar3ha ke jaina mandira, madhyapradeza itihAsa pariSad kI patrikA, bhAga 2, pR0 80
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________________ karmayogI zrI kesarImalajI surANA abhinandana grantha : SaSTha khaNDa (2) tapAgacchIya jAvar3a-dUsarA jAvar3a jasadhIra kI sabase choTI buA' suhagU kA putra thaa| jAvar3a ke pitA kA nAma rAjamalla thaa| kalpasUtraprazasti meM usake nAma kA yadyapi nirdeza mAtra hai kintu anya srotoM se, jina para hama Age vicAra kareMge, vidita hotA hai ki vaha gauravaprApta vyakti thaa| jAvar3a tathA usake parivAra kA mukhya itihAsakAra jaina kavi sarvavijayagaNi hai, jisakI muni-paramparA tapAgaccha ke pacAsaveM gacchanAyaka AcArya somasundarasUri taka pahu~catI hai / vaha do saMskRta-mahAkAvyoM---Anandasundara tathA sumatisambhava' kA praNetA hai| ye donoM kAvya hastapratiyoM ke rUpa meM surakSita haiM / abhI taka inakA mudraNa nahIM huA hai| Anandasundara (aparanAma daza-zrAvakacarita) meM, jaisA donoM zIrSakoM se saMketita hai, mahAvIra ke dasa pramukha zrAvakoM kI kathAe~ vaNita haiM, jinameM Ananda sarvaprathama hai| yaha uvAsagadasAo (saptama aMga) para AdhArita hai tathA isameM ATha adhikAra haiN| isakI racanA saMvat 1551 meM likhita prAcInatama pratilipi se kucha hI pUrva huI hogI kyoMki isameM jAvar3a dvArA saMvat 1547 meM karAI gayI pratimA-pratiSThA kI ghaTanA kA ullekha hai tathA tapAgaccha ke 54veM gacchAdhipati, jAvar3a ke guru, AcArya sumatisAdhusUri, jisakA svargArohaNa saMvat 1551 meM huA thA, ke jIvita hone kA saMketa hai| aneka chiTa-puTa ullekhoM ke atirikta isameM chaThe pUrvaja ke bAda se, jAvar3a ke parivAra kA vistRta aitihAsika vRtta sanniviSTa hai / sarvavijaya ne kAvya kA praNayana jAvar3a ke sujhAva tathA Agraha se kiyA thA, ata: usake parivAra kA vistRta vivaraNa yahA~ apratyAzita nahIM hai| sarva vijaya ke dUsare kAvya kA zIrSaka, ApAtataH, suparicita pratIta hotA hai, kyoMki isameM jaina tIrthaMkaroM, sumati tathA sambhava, ke nAma dhvanita haiM; kintu vAstava meM unakA kAvya se koI sambandha nahIM hai| isameM pUrvokta AcArya sumatisAdhusUri kA jIvanacarita vaNita hai| kAvya meM, saMvat 1547 meM, jAvar3a dvArA karAI gayI pratimA-pratiSThA kA varNana hone ke kAraNa yaha usa varSa (saMvat 1547) tathA isakI ekamAtra jJAta hastaprati ke pratilipikAla, saMvat 1554 ke madhya likhA gayA hogaa| antima bha.ga ke naSTa ho jAne se yaha kahanA sambhava nahIM ki kAvya meM nAyaka ke nidhana kA varNana kiyA gayA thA yA nhiiN| kintu isake zIrSaka (sambhava) ko dekhate hue adhika sambhava yahI hai ki kAvya meM yaha varNana nahIM thaa| ataH kAvya-racanA kI antima sImA, saMvat 1551 nizcita hotI hai| kAvya ke ATha meM se pUre do sargoM meM (7-8) jAvar3a (nAyaka ke pramukha bhakta ke rUpa meM) kA vRtta varNita hai| kintu jAvar3a ke pUrvajoM meM se kevala usake pitAmaha golha tathA pitA rAjamalla kI hI carcA huI hai| yaha sambhavataH isa bAta kA dyotaka hai ki isakI racanA Anandasundara ke bAda huI thI, jisameM pUrNa vazAlI dI gayI hai aura kavi ne use yahA~ doharAnA Avazyaka nahIM smjhaa| jAvar3a ke viSaya meM kucha jAnakArI, mukhyata: usakI sAmAjika tathA dhArmika sevAoM ke sambandha meM, zivasundara kI uparyukta samasAmayika kalpasUtraprazasti se prApta hotI hai| jAvar3a kA eka ullekha vAcanAcArya somadhvaja ke ziSya khemarAja gaNi aparanAma kSemarAja gaNi kI gujarAtI mANDavagar3hapravADI' meM milatA hai| usake eka anya grantha (saM0 1546 meM likhita) ke prAmANya ke anusAra vaha jAvar3a kA samakAlIna thaa| eka anya srota saMvat 1541 meM racita somacarita 1. bahina nahIM, jaisA agaracanda nAhaTA ne 'vikrama' 1. 1 meM prakAzita apane lekha meM mAnA hai| kalpaprazasti meM spaSTa kahA gayA hai ki suhagU jasadhaura ke pitAmaha jagasiMha kI putrI thii| 2. isakI eka hastaprati bhaktivijaya bhaNDAra, AtmAnanda sabhA, bhAvanagara meM surakSita hai (naM0 703) 3. tulanA kIjie : bhaMvaralAla nAhaTA "zrIsumatisambhava nAmaka aitihAsika kAvya kI upalabdhi," jaina satyaprakAza, 20, 2-3, pR0 44. mere ullekha tathA uddharaNa eziyATika sosAyaTI baMgAla, kalakattA meM surakSita hastaprati (7305) kI phoTo prati ke anusAra haiM / yaha prati mujhe, parama udAra tathA sadaiva sahAyatAkartA zrI agaracanda nAhaTA ke saujanya se prApta huI thii|
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________________ mANDU ke jAvar3a zAha ................................................................... 86 ...... gaNi kA 'guruguNaratnAkara' mahAkAvya hai / yaha tapAgaccha ke 533 gaccheza AcArya lakSmIsAgarasUri kA jIvana carita hai| kintu isase jAvar3a kI saMghayAtrA para hI paryApta prakAza par3atA hai| inake atirikta vibudhavimalaziSya dvArA gujarAtI padyoM meM racita 'tapAgaccha-paTTAnukrama-gurvAvalI chanda' (saMvat 1570) tathA Adhunika 'laghupauSAlika-gacchapaTTAvalI' do anya srota haiM, ina donoM se jAvar3a kI pratimA-pratiSThA ke viSaya meM paryApta sUcanA milatI hai| vaMzAvalI-jAvar3a eka prAcIna, atIva sammAnita tathA dhanADhya parivAra kA vaMzaja thA / isakA anumAna isa tathya se kiyA jA sakatA hai ki, hAparAja ko chor3akara usake pUrvajoM kI zrRMkhalA ke sabhI ghaTaka vyakti saMghapati the| isakA tAtparya hai ki unhoMne kama-se-kama eka bAra saMghayAtrA kA Ayojana kiyA thaa| yaha aisA kAma hai jisake lie una dinoM asIma sAhasa, sAmAjika pratiSThA tathA dhana kI AvazyakatA thii| jAvar3a ke tIna pUrvaja mAlava-narezoM ke darabAroM se sambandhita the| hAparAja 'mAsTara Apha proTokola' ke samAna koI adhikArI thaa| golha rAjA kA prema-pAtra thA tathA jAvar3a kA pitA rAjamalla mAlavapati mahimunda kI sabhA kA bhUSaNa thaa| inameM se adhikAMza kI, unakI dAnazIlatA tathA pavitratA ke kAraNa prazaMsA kI gayI hai| anta meM rAjamalla kA prazastigAna huA hai, jo mANDU meM guru lakSmIsAgarasUri kA ThATadAra svAgata karane ke kAraNa prakhyAta hai| isa Ayojana para usane 60,000 TaMka vyaya kiye the| isa lokapriya tathA vidvAn sAdhu ke mANDU meM Thaharane kI puSTi, saMvat 1517, 1520, 1521 tathA 1524 meM unake dvArA abhiSikta (pratiSThita) jina-pratimAoM para utkIrNa lekhoM se hotI hai| isase rAjamalla ke isa kArya kA samaya bhI lagabhaga nizcita ho jAtA hai| . prazAsanika tathA sAmAjika pratiSThA-vaMza-paramparA ke anurUpa jAvar3a ko bhI rAjadarabAra meM pratiSThita pada prApta thaa| gayAsuddIna sadaiva usakA sammAna kiyA karatA thaa| sultAna ne use uttama vyavahAroM kI upAdhi se vibhUSita tathA koSAdhyakSa niyukta kiyA thaa| isIlie use sultAna kA mantrI kahA gayA hai| kabhI-kabhI jAvar3endra ke rUpa meM bhI usakA ullekha huA hai / yaha viruda usakI sattA ke atirikta, laghuzAlibhadra kI bhAMti, usakI asIma samRddhi ko vyakta karatA hai| zrImAlabhUpAla' viruda usakI sAmAjika pratiSThA kA dyotaka hai| yaha upAdhi usake lie bAra-bAra prayukta / kI gayI hai| tIrthayAtrA-jaisA usake vizeSaNa saMghanAyaka tathA niyamita upAdhi saMghapati se vyakta hai, jAvar3a ko apane sampradAya meM bahuta sammAna prApta thaa| spaSTata: uparokta upAdhi use arbudAcala (AbU) tathA jIrApallI athavA jIrApurI (Adhunika jIrAvala) kI tIrthayAtrA karane ke pazcAt milI thii| ye donoM aba bhI jainoM ke vikhyAta tIrtha-sthAna haiM / jAvar3a kI kisI anya tIrtha-yAtrA kA anya srotoM se patA nahIM calatA, yadyapi ve usake sAtha jAne vAle tIrthayAtriyoM ke apAra samUha tathA usake dvArA vyaya kI gayI asIma dhana-rAzi kA varNana karate-karate nahIM aghaate| kalpaprazasti ke anusAra jasadhIra svayaM bhI saMghayAtrA kA sadasya thaa| maNDapa kA mantrIza jAu, apane saMva ke sAtha kisa prakAra ujjaina tathA dhArA se Ane vAle saMghoM se ratalAma meM milA, aura kaise tInoM saMgha milakara gacchapati AcArya lakSmIsAgarasUri kI vandanA karane ke lie IDara gaye, isakA varNana 'guruguNaratnAkara meM santoSapUrvaka kiyA gayA hai| vahA~ se AbU tathA jIrAvalA gaye aura dhArmika utsava manAte hue, upavAsa evaM dAvateM karate hue tathA sadaiva AnandapUrvaka mukta hasta dAna dete hue ve sirohI ke rAste mAlavA lauTe / saubhAgyavaza, AbU ke luni vasahi mandira meM utkIrNa eka zilAlekha kI sahAyatA se isa yAtrA kA samaya nizcita kiyA jA sakatA hai| yaha lekha saMvat 1531 meM, zrImAlIkula ke saMghapati rAjA (rAjamalla) tathA usakI patnI suhaba ke putra, saMghapati jAvar3a kI ukta tIrtha kI yAtrA ke upalakSa meM khudavAyA gayA thA / yaha yAtrA jAvar3a ne apanI patnI dhanIyA ke sAtha kI thii| 1. sumatisambhava ke saptama sarga kI puSpikA kA pATha "zrImAlavabhUpAla" chanda kI dRSTi se sadoSa hai / 2. muni jayantavijaya : zrI arbuda-prAcIna-jainalekha-sandoha, zrIvijayadharma jaina granthamAlA, saMkhyA 50, saMvat 1664, pR0 155, saM0 387, pR0 465.
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________________ 60 ++ karmayogI zrI kesarImalajI surANA abhinandana grantha : SaSTha khaNDa 1 guru kA svAgata apane pitA ke pagacihnoM para calate hue jAne jaise AcArya lakSmIsAgarasUri kI bandanA kI thI vaise hI vaha tapAgaccha ke guruoM kA bhakta rhaa| usakI AsthA vizeSa rUpa se lakSmIsAgarasUri ke paTTadhara AcArya sumatisAdhuri ke prati kendrita thI usake jIvanIkAra ne usake bahu-prazaMsita kAryoM ko inhIM AcArya ke buddhipUrNa mArga-darzana kA pariNAma mAnA hai| mumatisAdhu jaba gujarAta meM bihAra kara rahe the, jAvar3a ne unheM meM nimantrita kiyA tathA zAnadAra Ayojana se unakA abhinandana kiyA, jisakA savistAra varNana sumatisambhava meM kiyA gayA hai / " vAdakoM dvArA prayukta vividha vAdyoM, unake tumula nAda, bhar3akIle jalUsa meM calatI gajarAjiyoM tathA bhUSita ghor3oM, seTha dvArA vitarita mUlyavAn paridhAna tathA vezakImatI anya vastuoM aura musalamAnoM sahita janatA ke haye kI ora kavi ne vizeSa dhyAna AkRSTa kiyA hai| mANDU ke vartamAna saharoM ko dekhakara isa citra kI kalpanA mANDU karanA sacamuca kaThina hai / - dvAdazavrata grahaNa -- guru ke sAnnidhya meM jAvar3a ko sarvaprathama jo kArya karane kI preraNA milI, vaha thA zrAvaka ke bAraha vrata grahaNa karanA, jinhoMne usake jIvanIkAra kI dRSTi meM use rAjA begika, samrATa samprati mahArAja kumArapAla tathA Ama, seTha zAlibhadra jaise prAcIna mahAn zrAvakoM kI paMkti meM AsIna kara diyA / inameM meM prathama pA~ca vrata aNuvratoM ke nAma se khyAta haiN| ye muniyoM ke pA~ca mahAvratoM ke zithila saMkSipta saMskaraNa haiM / jAvar3a ne prathama do-ahiMsA tathA satya vratoM ko paramparAgata rUpa meM grahaNa kiyA / asteya ko bhI usane yathAvat svIkAra kiyaa| kevala phalanAzaka kITANuoM ko dUra karane meM vaha satarka rhaa| caturtha vrata brahmacarya ke antargata, jAvar3a ne dAmpatya-niSThA kA paripAlana karate hue 32 striyA~ rakhane kA adhikAra surakSita rkhaa| nissandeha, yaha usane nirdiSTa zAlibhadra ke udAharaNa ke anukaraNa para kiyA thA, jisakI itanI hI patniyA~ batAI jAtI haiN| donoM meM antara kevala itanA hai ki zAlibhadra ne una sabako chor3akara pravrajyA grahaNa kara lI thI / anya srotoM ke anusAra jAvar3a kI vastutaH cAra dharmapatniyA~ thIM, jinake nAma bhI hameM jJAta haiN| prAcIna rAjapUtI paramparA ke anurUpa, jo kucha pIr3hiyoM pUrva rAjapUta mUlaka jaina parivAroM meM bhI pracalita thI, anya striyAM usakI rakhale rahI hoNgii| 1 mana ghI tathA taila, 1000 hala, 2000 baila, 10 bhavana tathA hATa, 4 mana cA~dI, sAdhAraNa dhAtue~ (tAMbA, pItala Adi), 20 mana pravAla, 100,000 mana namaka, 2000 gadhe, 100 gAr3iyA~, 1500 ghor3e, 50 hAthI, 100 U~Ta, 50 khaccara, prAcIna mANDU ke vyavahAriziroratna' kI samRddhi kA aMdAja kiyA jA sakatA hai| aparigraha nAmaka paMcama vrata se, jisake anusAra nijI sampatti ko saMkhyA tathA parimANa kI dRSTi se sImita karanA hotA hai, jAvar3a ne nimnokta krama meM ina vastuoM ko apane adhikAra meM rakhA - 100,000 mana anAja, 100,000 1 mana sonA, 300 mana hIre, 10 mana 2000 mana gur3a, 200 mana aphIma, 20,000,000 TaMka / ina aMkoM se 1. sumatisambhava 7 26-33. 4. Anandasundara 10 17. - , 'guNavata' nAmaka dvitIya vrata- samudAya ke antargata haThA, sAtavAM tathA AThavAM vrata AtA hai| chaThe vrata se jAvar3a ne apanI gati kA arddhavyAsa Ar3I dizA meM 2000 gavyUti tathA Urdhva evaM adhodizA meM kramazaH AdhA tathA 2 gavyUti taka sImita kara diyaa| sAtaveM vrata ke antargata, jo dainika khapata tathA prayoga kI saMkhyA tathA parimANa ko sImita karatA hai, usane pratidina adhikAdhika ina vastuoM kA prayoga karane kA praNa kiyA- cAra sera ghI, pA~ca sera anAja, peya jala ke pA~ca ghar3e, sau prakAra kI sabjiyA~, saMkhyA meM pA~ca sau tathA taula meM eka mana phala, cAra sera supArI, 200 pAna, snAnIya jala ke ATha kalaza, paridhAna ke sAta jor3e tathA isI prakAra sImita anya vastue~, jinakI sUcI bahuta lambI hai| AThaveM vrata ke anusAra, jo aisI vastuoM tathA kAryoM kI sImA nirdhArita karatA hai jinase prANiyoM ko anAvazyaka 2. vahI, 7.28. 3. vahI, 7. 21.
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________________ mANDU ke jAvar3a zAha ................................................................... .... asuvidhA ho, jAvar3a ne ubAlakara kRmirahita kiye gaye jala kA prayoga karane, thor3e-se vastroM ko raMgAne, juA na khelane, kotavAla, jela-nirIkSaka, Adi pada svIkAra na karane kI pratijJA kii| dvAdaza zrAvaka-vratoM meM se antima cAra (6-12) zikSAvrata kahalAte haiN| navA~ vrata nizcita samaya para paramparAgata sAmAyika, dhArmika anuSThAna karane kA Adeza detA hai| dasavA~ vrata, pahale vratoM ke antargata sAmAnyata: varNita kAryakalApoM ko aura sImita karatA hai| gyArahaveM ke anusAra pauSadha anivArya hai| bArahavA~ vrata nizcita samaya para nizcita dhana kharca karake dAna-kArya, Atithya tathA dhArmika anuSThAnoM ko karane kA Adeza detA hai| jAvar3a ne jina pratibandhoM ko svayaM svIkRta kiyA thA tathA jo pratijJAe~ kIM, unakA sUkSma varNana usake jIvanIkAra ne kiyA hai / vaha isa Adarza zrAvaka kA citra saMsAra ke samakSa prastuta karane ko utsuka thA, jo apane sampradAya ke anuyAyiyoM meM zreSTha thA tathA jisake dharma ne use isa Atma-saMyama ke pAlana ke lie prerita kiyA thaa| jAvar3a ne apane praNoM, vizeSataH bArahaveM vrata ke antargata kiye gaye praNoM, kA niSThApUrvaka pAlana kiyaa| isakA anumAna usake dvArA pratyeka upayukta avasara para diye gaye dAna, usake jIvanIkAra kI isa dRr3ha ukti se ki 'usane samUcI pRthvI ko satrAgAra banA diyA', jalacaroM kI rakSA ke lie mANDU kI samasta nadiyoM, jhIloM tathA kupoM ko vastra se buddhipUrvaka DhakavAne ke varNana tathA usake dvArA karAyI gayI jina-pratimAoM kI pratiSThA se sahaja hI kiyA jA sakatA hai| mUrti-pratiSThA--jAvar3a ne ina pratimAoM kI sthApanA eka zAnadAra sAmUhika Ayojana meM, saMvat 1547 meM, mANDU meM karAyI thI aura inakA abhiSeka usake guru AcArya sumitasAdhu ne kiyA thaa| ve saMkhyA meM 104 thIM-atIta ke caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM kI eka-eka, bhaviSya ke caubIsa tIrtha karoM kI eka-eka, vartamAna caubIsa tIrtha karoM kI eka-eka ukta prati caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM ke tIna sAmUhika mUrtipaTTa, bIsa viharamANa kA eka sAmUhika mUrtipaTTa tathA 6 paMcatIthiyA~ / teIsa sera kI eka cA~dI kI mUrti tathA gyAraha sera kI eka svarNapratimA ko chor3akara zeSa sabhI mUrtiyA~ pItala kI banI huI thiiN| unheM hIraka-khacita chatroM tathA bahumUlya AbhUSaNoM se sajAyA gayA thaa| yahA~ taka ki kSemarAja ne pUrvokta caityapravAr3I meM jAvar3a kI cA~dI, sone tathA maNiyoM kI jina-pratimAoM kI prazaMsA karate hue kahA hai ki ve yAtriyoM ke dekhane yogya "abhirAma vastue~" haiN| kalpasUtraprazasti meM bhI jAvar3a ke varNana ke prasaMga meM unakA vizeSa ullekha kiyA gayA hai| mUti-sthApanA ke upalakSa meM Ayojita utsavoM, jAvar3a dvArA diye gaye upahAroM, usake dvArA bheTI gayI zAnadAra sAmagrI tathA bhArata ke kone-kone se Aye saMghoM kA sUkSma varNana sumitasambhava ke 23 padyoM meM sambhavataH yaha dikhAne ke lie ki aise mahattvapUrNa utsava kA Ayojana kisa Adarza rUpa meM kiyA jAnA cAhie, kiyA gayA hai| vibudhavimalaziSya ke 17 padyoM meM bhI isa ghaTanA kA varNana hai| usameM atithiyoM ko dI gayI bhojanasAmagrI taka kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| usake anusAra pratiSThA-samAroha para jAvar3a ke pandraha lAkha rupaye kharca hue the| mandira-jAvar3a ke isa asIma audArya ke kAraNa usake Adhunika prazaMsakoM kA kathana hai ki usane mANDU meM RSabha, zAntinAtha, neminAtha, pArzvanAtha tathA mahAvIra, ina pA~ca tIrthaMkaroM ke vizAla mandiroM kA bhI nirmANa kiyA 1. vizvambharA"...."zrIjAvaDena....."satragAramiva vydhaapyt| -Anandasundara, pR0 24. 2. sumatisambhava, 8. 3-7. 3. 22 sera nahIM, jaisA lekhaka eka dUsare kA andhAnukaraNa karate hue kahate cale Aye haiM / dekhiye, sumatisambhava, 86 raupyo tryoviNshtiserikkaa| 4. haimI ca saikaadshserstkaa| -sumitasambhava, 86 5. rUpyasvarNamaSImayAni bhagavabimbAni yo'kArayat / ----kalpaprazasti , 44
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________________ 12 karmayogI zrI kesa romalajI surANA abhinandana grantha : SaSTha khaNDa .............................................. thaa|' isake lie koI pramANa nahIM hai| yaha anumAna Anandasundara (115) ke AdhAra para anyAyapUrvaka kiyA gayA pratIta hotA hai, jisake maMgalAcaraNa meM ukta tIrthakaroM kI vandanA tathA unake AzIrvAda kI AkAMkSA kI gayI hai| maNDapadraMgazRMgArAH paJcApyete jinezvarAH / zAstrAdau jAvaDendrasya prasannAH santu santatam // 6 // kavi ne ina pA~ca jinoM ko hI kyoM cunA hai, yaha to use hI jJAta hai| mahAvIra ko inameM zAmila karanA sambhavataH isalie ucita samajhA gayA hai ki kAvya ke sabhI nAyaka unake upAsaka the| kintu isa padya se yaha niSkarSa kadApi nahIM nikAlA jA sakatA ki ukta tIrthakaroM ke mandira mANDavagar3ha ke pramukha devAyatana the| caityapravAr3I meM kSemarAjagaNi ne mANDU tathA usake Asa-pAsa ke pratinidhi tIrthasthaloM kI yAtrA kA vivaraNa dete hue nikaTavartI tArApura, dhAra, hozaMgAbAda, (ye saba sambhavata: mANDU ke sultAna ke adhikAra kSetra ke antargata the, isIlie pravAr3I meM inheM zAmila kiyA gayA hai) Adi sthAnoM ke atirikta khAsa mANDU ke pArzva, supArzva, zAnti, sambhava tathA AdinAtha ke pA~ca mandiroM kA nAmollekha tathA varNana kiyA hai| usake sAkSya se yaha sahaja mAnA jA sakatA hai ki usake dvArA nirdiSTa pA~ca mandira usa samaya khAsa mANDU ke mukhya devAyatana the| mANDU ke pArzva tathA supArzva mandiroM kI pratinidhi prakRti kI puSTi samavartI kalpasUtraprazasti se hotI hai| zrImanmaNDapamerubhUdharadharAskandhe nibddhsthitii| zrImatpArzvasupAvanirjaratarU syAtAM satAM zreyase // 1 // isake atirikta pratyeka jaina jAnatA hai ki vizeSakara supArzva sadaiva mANDU ke adhiSThAtA deva mAne jAte rahe haiN| yaha gujarAtI kavi RSabhadAsa ke bahuza:-uddhRta padya se spaSTa hai-- mADavagaDhano rAjiyo nAme deva supAsa / 'RSabha' kahe jina samaratAM pahoMce mananI Asa // 5 // mANDa ke jainoM ke devatA ke rUpa meM supArzva kA ullekha ratnamandiragaNi kA upadeza taraMgiNI' (pR0 135), khemAkRta vRddhacaityavandana, zIlavijaya tathA subhAgavijaya kI tIrthamAlAoM meM bhI huA hai| ye sabhI (aMtakITa) aThArahavIM zatAbdI kI kRtiyA~ haiN| sAhitya tathA zilAlekhoM meM kahIM bhI isa bAta kA saMketa taka nahIM hai ki jAvar3a ne ukta pA~ca mandiroM athavA unameM se kisI eka kA yA anya kisI jaina mandira kA nirmANa karavAyA thaa| dUsarI ora, yaha nizcita hai ki jAvar3a ke samaya meM, mANDa meM, jaina mandira paryApta saMkhyA meM vidyamAna the, yadyapi yaha kahanA kaThina hai ki una samasta sAta-sau mandiroM kA kyA huA, jinakA ullekha muni jayAnanda ne apanI 'nemAr3a pravAsa-gItikA' meM kiyA hai tathA jo, saMvat 1427 meM, unakI yAtrA ke samaya vahA~ avasthita the, jaba mANDU kI janasaMkhyA 300,000 thii| astu, yadi hama mANDa ke jaina mandiroM ke prAcIna itihAsa kI khoja karane lageM to hama viSaya se bhaTaka jAyeMge kyoMki usake antargata hameM peyaDa ke prasiddha nirmANakArya para dRSTipAta karanA hogA / yahA~ yaha kahanA hI paryApta hogA ki jAvar3a ke samaya meM kama-se 1. muni yatIndravijaya : yatIndravihAradigdarzana, bhAga 4, saM0 1963 pR0 203, agaracanda nAhaTA ne ise doharAyA hai, madhyapradeza itihAsa pariSad kI patrikA, naM0 2, pR0 80. 2. caityapravAr3I ke pATha se bilkula spaSTa hai ki tIrthayAtrA ke mArga ke 22 mandiroM meM se kevala pA~ca mANDu meM sthita the, yadyapi agaracanda nAhaTA ina saba ko mANDu meM sthita mAnate haiN| dekhiye-madhyapradeza itihAsa pariSad kI patrikA, puurvokt| 3. banArasa se prakAzita, saM0 1520, vIra saMvat 2437 4. saM0 1616 ( ? ) draSTavya-kAujhe, traNa prAcIna gujarAtI kRtio, amadAbAda, 1651, pR0 25-26 5. saM0 1746 tathA 1750 : dekhie-vijayadharmasUri, prAcIna tIrthamAlA saMgraha, saMvat 1978, pR0 101 tathA 73 6. mUni nyAyavijayakRta-jaina tIrthono itihAsa, amadAbAda, 1646, pR0 411
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________________ mANDU ke jAvar3a zAha 63 'kama 104 mandira niHssandeha vidyamAna the aura unameM se pratyeka meM usane eka-eka pratimA kI sthApanA kI thI (sumatisambhava, 8 / 14) / sphurantyatra devAlayAstuzRgAH zataM te catubhiH samaM citracaMgAH / kasatkoraNIbhirlasattoraNazrIdharaH sindhurA eva ghaNTAghaTAbhiH / / yaha vivaraNa vibudhavimalaziSya se mela khAtA hai / abhinava devabhavana devAlA, zata upari cyArai causAlA / kaNaya, rajata, pItalamaya kArIya, biba pratiSThA jaga sAdhArIza / / 75 // isase anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki jAvar3a ke samaya meM jaina saMskRti kisa bhavyatA tathA gaurava ko prApta kara cukI thii| hama yaha jAnane ko utsuka haiM ki zraddhAlu kaviyoM dvArA mukharasvara meM prazaMsita isa gaurava kA aba kyA zilAlekhIya prAmANya-bhAgyavaza kucha salekha mUrtiyA~ usa sarvavyApI vidhvaMsa se baca gayI haiM, jisane 'Anandanagara' mANDa ko biyAbAna banA diyA hai, jisameM Aja musalamAnoM kI bhayotpAdaka kabareM hI sthita haiN| pavitra jaina loga samaya rahate una mUlyavAna bimboM ko anya surakSita sthAnoM para le gaye the tathA mANDa se dUra mandiroM meM sthApita kara diyA gayA thA jahAM aba bhI unakI pUjA hotI hai| ___ jAvar3a dvArA pratiSThApita 104 bimboM tathA mUrtipaTToM meM se, atIta ke jinoM ke tIna bimba--anantavIrya, svayamprabha, tathA padmanAbha; vartamAna ke tIrthakaroM kI do mUrtiyA~-abhinandana tathA neminAtha, viharamANa jinoM kI eka pratimAvizAlanAtha tathA tInoM paMcatIthiyoM--kunthu, zAnti tathA pArzva, kula milAkara ye nau bimba abhI taka surakSita haiM / kucha spaSTata: bhraSTa pAThoM ko zuddha karane ke pazcAt jJAta hotA hai ki una saba meM sthAna-nAma, maNDapa, sumatisambhava (7 / 8) meM nirdiSTa pratiSThA-tithi-mAghazuklAtrayodazI, saMvat 1547, pratiSThAtA zrImAlavaMzIya jAvar3a kA nAma, bahudhA usakI patniyoM ke nAma, patnI sahita usake putra hIrA, usake dattaka sambandhI lAlA, hAparAja ke sivAya patniyoM sahita usake samasta pUrvajoM tathA rAjamalla ke agraja medhA tathA vahina zAnI kA samucita ullekha huA hai| ye saba kisI-na-kisI mAhitya srota se bhI jJAta haiM / zilAlekha sAhityika srotoM se, tathA Apasa meM, isa bAta para bhI sahamata haiM ki jina bimboM kI pratiSThA tapAgacchIya AcArya lakSmIsAgarasUri ke paTTadhara AcArya sumatisAdhusUri ne kI thI tathA ina 104 bimboM ko eka-sAtha sthApita kiyA gayA thA (kevala eka srota meM aisA varNana nahIM hai)| isa prakAra jisa gaNitIya nApa-jokha se sAhityika srotoM kI uktiyoM tathA aMkoM kI puSTi zilAlekhoM ke prAmANya se haI hai, usase bahu nindita jaina-sAhitya kI aitihAsika upayogitA kA pakSa-poSaNa hotA hai| zodhaka ke liye usa sthiti meM bhI isa para vizvAsa karanA nyAyocita hogA, jaba isake samarthana meM koI zilAlekha sUtra prApta na ho / hA~, isase pUrva yaha Avazyaka hai ki granthoM ko bhASAvaijJAnika satyatA se samajhA jAe tathA satya-kevala satya ko grahaNa karane kA niSpakSa prayAsa kiyA jaae| anyathA arddha-itihAsa kA nirmANa ho jAtA hai, jaisA prastuta prabandha ke viSaya -jAvar3a-ke bAre meM huA hai, jise samasta pramANoM ke viparIta, vastutaH unake abhAva meM, mANDa ko mandiroM se alaMkRta karane, kalpasUtra kI svarNAkSarI prati likhavAne, prastara-pratimAoM kI pratiSThA karavAne tathA kharataragaccha se sambandhita hone kA zreya pUrNa niSThA se diyA gayA hai| AzA hai, yaha saMkSipta adhyayana jaina sAMskRtika itihAsa ke eka adhyAya kA sUkSma kintu tathyapUrNa citra prastuta 00 mAnA jA sakatA hai kyoMki jaina dharma apane satata vihArazIla, upadezadAtA tathA bahumAnita sAdhuoM ke kAraNa kabhI bhI bhaugolika parisImAoM meM bandI nahIM rahA hai|