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________________ mAlava- saMskRti ko jainadharma kI dena DaoN0 basantIlAla baMga, ema. e., pI-eca. DI. mAlava bhUmi kI mahattA, usake samRddha jana-jIvana, prAkRtika ramaNIyatA, urvara dharA aura saundarya pUrNa sthaloM ke kAraNa to hai hI; sAtha hI, usameM basI ujjayinI (ujjaina), mAhiSmati (mahezvara), dazapura (mandasaura), dhArAnagarI (dhAra), vidizA (nAma parivartana ke pUrva bhelasA), gandharvapurI (gandhAvala ) oMkArezvara ( mAndhAtA ) aura sAMcI jaisI purAtana, aitihAsika aura dhArmika nagariyoM ne bhI usa mahattA ko mahimA - maya banA diyA hai / inameM ujjayinI nagarI ati prAcIna hai / Aja bhI yaha kahanA asambhava hai ki ujjaina ko sarvaprathama kisane basAyA thA / vedoM, saMhitAoM, brAhmaNagranthoM, upaniSadoM aura purANoM meM anekoM sthaloM para isakI mahimA ke gAna gAye gaye haiM / jaina aura bauddha sAhitya meM bhI isakA gaurava yathAvat sthApita hai / bhArata ke mAnavAkAra mAnacitra meM mAlavA usakA madhyasthAna aura ujjaina ko nAbhideza kI saMjJA dI gaI hai / isIliye AdhyAtmikoM ne ise 'maNipUra cakra' ke nAma se bhI sambodhita kiyA hai| ujjayinI pratyeka kalpa meM bhinna-bhinna nAmoM se jAnI jAtI rahI / ' isIliye isakA eka nAma pratikalpA bhI rhaa| isake atirikta bhI ise prAcIna sAhitya manISiyoM ne kaI nAma diye, jo itihAsa kI karavaToM ke sAtha parivartita hote rahe / itihAsa aura anya pramANoM ke AdhAra para 'mAlava- janapada' prAcIna 'avantI deza' kA samRddha bhAga rahA hai / avantikA isa janapada kI pramukha nagarI thI aura 'avantijA' isakI pramukha bhASA / zAsana sattAoM ke parivartana ke sAtha mAlava janapada kI sImArekhAe~ bhI badalatI rahI haiM / parantu bhaugolika dRSTi se isakI sImA nirdhArita karanA sadaiva hI sambhava rahA hai| mAlavA aura rAjapUtAnA ke madhya arAvalI kI parvata-mAlAe~ aura ghane jaMgaloM se AcchAdita bhU-kSetra tathA arAvalI ke vAyavyakoNa meM sindha aura anya nadiyoM se ghirA huA upajAU bhAga tathA dakSiNa meM lAla pattharoM kI khadAnoM 1 ujjayinI ke eka se chaH kalpoM meM kramaza: svarNagaMgA, kuzasthalI, avantikA, amarAvatI, cUr3AmaNi, padmAvatI nAma rahe haiM / kanakazRGgA, kumudavatI, vizAlA, pratikalpA, bhogAvatI, hiraNyAvatI, Adi nAmoM ke ullekha bhI milate haiM / 2
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________________ mAlava-saMskRti ko jainadharma ko dena 233 se nIce kI ora kA DhAlU kSetra usa sImA taka calA gayA hai, jahAM samatala bhUmi Arambha hotI hai| pUrva se pazcima taka phailI vindhyamekhalAoM kA vistAra, jo dakSiNApatha se ise vilaga karatA hai-mAlava-janapada kI bhaugolika sImA rekhA kA aMkana karatA hai| isIliye ise mAlavA kA paThAra bhI kahA gayA hai / mAlavA aura ujjaina ke sambandha meM pAzcAtya vidvAnoM ne anekoM saMdarbho meM kaI mata vyakta kiye haiN|' prAcIna mudrAoM, zilAlekhoM evaM purAtattvIya sAmagrI ne tathA saMskRta, pAlI, prAkRta aura apabhraMza sAhitya ne bhI mAlava mahimA aura ujjayinI ke purAtana itihAsa para naye sire se prakAza DAlA hai| paurANika gAthAoM tathA bauddha va jaina kathAoM meM isake rocaka varNana bhare par3e haiN| mAlavA ke prathama samrATa bharata the-zaiva aura vaiSNavoM ke samAna hI mAlavA kI cikanI miTTI meM jainadharma kI jar3eM bhI gaharAI taka pahu~cI huI haiN| isakA ullekha jainadharmagranthoM aura unakI paramparAgata mAnyatAoM meM upalabdha hotA hai / mAlavA kI prAcIna nagarI ujjayinI maharSi sAndIpani kA vidyApITha rahA hai| isa vidyAkendra kI prAcInatA kA bodha karAne vAlI yaha mAnyatA jainiyoM meM vidyamAna hai ki 'kalpa kAla meM sabhya aura karmaTha jIvana vyatIta karane kI zikSA sarvaprathama antima manu nAbhirAya ke putra prathama jaina tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva ne dI thii| isI zikSA kA pariNAma thA ki deza meM nagarAdi kI sthApanA prArambha huI aura RSabhadeva ke putra bharata ke nAma se isa deza kA nAma bhAratavarSa kahA jAne lgaa| RSabhadeva kI AjJAnusAra indra ne bhAratavarSa meM bAvana dezoM kI racanA kI thii| avantI deza kA nAma sukozala thA aura jisakI rAjadhAnI avantikA thii| kAlAntara meM yahI ujjayinI ke nAma se prakhyAta huii| RSabhadeva dvArA indra se bAvana dezoM kI racanA karavAne ke pazcAt anekoM kSatriya-putra inake zAsaka banAye gaye / parantu jaba rAjakumAra bharata ne sampUrNa bhAratavarSa ko eka sAmrAjya ke rUpa meM sthApita kiyA, taba sarvaprathama unhoMne jo chaha khaNDa pRthvI jItI thI, usameM avantI deza bhI sammilita thaa| isIliye avantI ke prathama samrATa cakravartI bharata hI mAne gye| 1 impIriyala gejeTiyara 'iMDiyA' (3438) 2 sara jaoNna mAlakama kA 'senTrala iNDiyA', pArTIjara kA 'enzenTa iNDiyA', mArzala kI 'gAiDa sAMcI', TaoNlamI kA 'enzenTa iNDiyA', jUliyana kA 'huetsAMga', kembeva phlITa kA 'epigrAphikA iNDikA', Tarnara kA 'mahAvaMza', phAhiyAna kA 'bhArata varNana', 'gejeTiyara' tathA 'insAiklopIDiyA briTAnikA'-Adi meM azoka, guptakAla, bauddha aura jaina dharma kI pRSThabhUmi, mAlavA kA ramaNIya aura samRddha jana-jIvana tathA ujjayinI kI sundaratA evaM mahattA para vibhinna dRSTiyoM se vicAra kiyA gayA hai / 3 saMkSipta jaina itihAsa (sUrata), prathama bhAga / 4 mahApurANa (antima) 156 / 15 5 jinasenAcArya kRta 'mahApurANa' (indaura saMskaraNa) 6 mahApurANa, pR0 1076
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________________ munidvaya abhinandana grantha rakSAbandhana tyauhAra kA janma mAlavA meM-jaina mAnyatAnusAra rakSAbandhana tyauhAra kA janma mAlavA kI prasiddha nagarI ujjayinI meM mAnA gayA hai| harivaMzapurANa aura hariSeNa kathAkoSa kI kathA prasaMgoM ke anusAra digambara jainAcArya akampana svAmI kA apane saMgha sahita mAlavA kI rAjadhAnI ujjayinI meM Agamana huA thaa| usa samaya ujjayinI meM zrIdharma nAma kA nyAyapriya rAjA rAjya karatA thaa| unake jinabali Adi maMtriyoM ke dvArA sAmpradAyika vidveSa phailAne ke kAraNa 'rakSAbandhana' tyauhAra kA janma mAnA gayA hai| mAlavA para ahiMsA dharma kA prabhAva-ahiMsA dharma ke pracAra aura usake gahare prabhAva kA sarvotkRSTa udAharaNa hameM 'yazodhara caritra' meM milatA hai| mAlava deza ke rAjA yazodhara bali-prathA ko rAjAjJA se sampUrNa rAjya meM pratibandhita kara, svayaM dayA dharma ko prajA sahita svIkAra kara lete haiN| pANDava vIra arjuna kI pUrva janmasthalI ujjaina hI thii| arjuna apane tIna janma pUrva ujjaina kI eka dharmabhIru rAjakumArI sumitrA ke rUpa meM thA, jisane eka jaina muni se dharmopadeza suna vrata grahaNa kiyA thA, parantu vaha use pUrNa bhAvanA sahita kevala eka dina hI grahaNa kara pAI thI ki usakI mRtyu hogaI / pazcAt vaha ujjayinI ke brAhmaNa parivAra meM putra rUpa meM janmI aura apane kauzala se rAjamaMtrI bana gaI / usake zAsana se prajA sukhI thI / pazcAt vRddhAvasthA meM usane tapa kiyA aura svarga meM devatA bana gii| vahAM Ayu pUrNa karane para pANDavoM meM arjuna ke rUpa meM jnmii| yaha saba jaina muniyoM kI tapa, vrata aura sAdhanA paddhati apanAne kA hI prabhAva thA / dharmavIroM tathA raNavIroM kI bhUmi-jainadharmagranthoM meM yaha ullekha hai ki mAlavA anekoM dharmavIra jaina muniyoM kA prAcIna kendra rahA hai / akampanAcArya jaise aneka munirAja yahA~ Ate rahe haiN| magadha ke rAjaputra nAgakumAra ke kAla meM bhI yahA~ prabhAvazAlI jaina muniyoM kA bAhulya thaa| usI samaya mAlavA kI rAjadhAnI ujjayinI meM pAMca sau udbhaTa yoddhA rahate the| jaba jaina muniyoM se nAgakumAra ke mahApratApI hone kI bAta kahI, to ve sabhI muniyoM ke sAtha cala pdd'e| mArga meM unhoMne apanI zakti aura parAkrama 1 harivaMzapurANa-2011-6, hariSeNa kathAkoSa (kathA kramAMka-11) jaba maMtrIgaNa muni hatyA ko udyata hue to rAjA ne unheM nirvAsita kara diyA, taba saMgha kI rakSA hetu 'rakSAbandhana' tyauhAra manAyA gyaa| yazodhara caritra (1 / 22) meM ullekha hai ki rAjA yazoha apane jIvana ke antima samaya meM rAjapATa putra yazodhara ko sauMpakara svayaM jaina muni ho jAte haiN| usa samaya bali-prathA kA tIvratama prabhAva thaa| na kevala pazu varan nara bhI yajJa meM homa diye jAte the| parantu jaina muniyoM kI ahiMsA dharmayukta zikSA kA yazoghara para gaharA prabhAva par3A aura usane rAjAjJA se bali-prathA para roka lagA dii| pariNAmasvarUpa usakI prajA bhI jainadharmAnuyAyI bana gii| karakaNDucariu (kArajA) 10 / 18-22 vistRta kathA prasaMga hetu dekhiye :'uppaNNau ajjuNa hovi saai| phalu ehau putti vihANe hoi / '
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________________ mAlava-saMskRti ko jainadharma kI dena ke adbhuta camatkAra dikhalAye aura nAgakumAra kI aparAjeya zakti, parAkrama, aura vIratA se prabhAvita ho vApasa lauTa aaye| usa samaya ujjayinI meM jayasena rAjA rAjya karatA thaa| usakI putrI menakI kisI ko bhI apane yogya vara na pAkara, vivAha ke liye tatpara nahIM thii| parantu nAgakumAra kI vIratA kA paricaya pAkara, vaha usase vivAha karane ko rAjI hogii| mAlavA ke zAsaka dharmaniSTha aura vIra the| teisaveM jaina tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha ke tIrthasthala meM hue campA nareza karakaNDu ke caritra meM eka prakaraNa dvArA ukta kathana kI puSTi bhI hotI hai, jisameM rAjA aridamana kA caritra varNana karate hue munirAja batAte haiM ki-anekoM kaSToM, bAdhAoM aura kaThinAiyoM ko sahana kara aridamana apanI rAnI se sakuzala A milA thaa|2 caubIsaveM tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ke mAlava deza kI prAcIna nagarI ujjayinI meM Akara atimuktaka nAmaka zmazAna meM dhyAnastha hone kA ullekha milatA hai, jahA~ rudra nAmaka vyakti dvArA una para ghora upasarga kiyA gyaa| mahAvIra apane dhyAna meM dRr3ha evaM nizcala rhe| rudra kA raudrarUpa unako vicalita nahIM kara skaa| pAzavika-zakti Atma-zakti ke sammukha natamastaka hogaI / rudra mahAvIra ke caraNoM meM jA girA tabhI se mahAvIra "ati vIra" khlaae| isI samaya ujjaina meM caNDapradyota nAmaka rAjA thaa| usake pazcAt mahAvIra ke 'nirvANa divasa' para pAlaka nAmaka rAjA siMhAsanArUr3ha huaa| mauryakAlIna jaina saMgha kA kendra-candragupta maurya ke zAsanakAla meM mAlavA kA nirgrantha-jaina saMgha, zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu kI adhyakSatA meM prakhyAta thaa| svayaM samrATa candragupta unake upadeza sunate the aura unake mukha se bAraha varSa ke akAla kI bAta sunakara svayaM bhI digambara muni ho gaye the / ve nirgrantha saMgha ke sAtha dakSiNa bhArata bhI gaye the| ujjayinI meM zeSa rahe nirgrantha zramaNa, akAla kI yAtanAoM se pathabhraSTa ho, apanA digambara veSa chipAne kI dRSTi se eka vastra khaNDa rakhane lge| jinheM 'ardhaphAlaka' kahA gyaa| ata: yaha kahanA atyuktipUrNa na hogA ki nirgrantha jaina saMgha meM bheda kI bhAvanA bhI mAlava nagarI ujjayinI meM jnmii| ujjayinI meM nirgrantha saMgha kA mahattvapUrNa kendra rahA hai / cAhe usameM bheda utpanna ho gaye hoN| jaina zrutoM ke uddhAra NAyakumAracariu (kArajA), 73 pRSTha 72-73 para vistRta kathA prasaMga meM ullekha hai ki bAisaveM jaina tIrthaMkara ariSTanemi ke tIrthasthala (magadha) ke rAjaputra nAgakumAra mahAbhAga the| 2 karakaNDucariu (kArajA) 8.1-25, pRSTha 71-78 para karakaNDu ke sambandha meM pUche gaye eka prazna ke uttara meM munirAja rAjA aridamana kI kathA vistAra se sunAte haiM aura nirUpita karate haiM ki yaha usake puNya aura sAhasa kA pariNAma thA ki vaha apanI rAnI se A milaa| 3 harivaMzapurANa, parva 60, zloka 488, meM mahAvIra ke ekAnta vicaraNa kara sAdhanAlIna hone kA ullekha hai / unhoMne bAraha varSa taka sAdhanAmaya jIvana vyatIta kiyA thaa| 4 saMkSipta jaina itihAsa, bhAga-2, khaNDa-1, jaina zilAlekha saMgraha kI bhUmikA / 5 kANe kamemorezana vhAlyUma (pUnA) pRSTha-228-237 ke anusAra nirgrantha saMgha meM digambara zvetAmbara kA bheda paidA huA thaa|
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________________ 236 munidvaya abhinandana grantha hetu kaliMga samrAT khAravela ne nirgrantha zramaNoM kA sammelana bulAyA thA, usameM mathurA, ujjaina aura girinagara ke nirgrantha zramaNa hI vizeSa rUpa se AmaMtrita the| mAlavabhUmi para zakoM kA Adhipatya-mAlavA para zakoM ke Adhipatya kA ullekha 'kAlakAcArya kathAnaka' evaM 'yazodhara caritra' meM huA hai| usa samaya mAlavA para gardabhilla kA rAjya thA, jo khAravela kA vaMzaja thaa| gardabhilla duzcaritra thaa| usane 'khaNDa vastradhArI' jaina sampradAya ke kAlaka nAmaka AcArya kI rUpavatI sAdhvI bahana sarasvatI ko apane antaHpura meM bulA liyaa| kAlakAcArya isa bAta ko sahana na kara sake aura zaka rAjAoM ko uttejita kara gardabhilla para AkramaNa karavA diyA / zakarAja vijayI hue aura unakA Adhipatya mAlavA aura ujjayinI para ho gyaa| pazcAt kAlakAcArya ne bahana sarasvatI kA uddhAra kiyA aura prAyazcitta lekara vaha puna: jaina sAdhvI bana gii| mAlavA para vikramAditya kA adhikAra AndhravaMzIya rAjA apane nikaTa sambandhI gardabhilla ke patana ko sahana nahIM kara sake aura AndhrabhRtya gautamIputra zAtakaNi zakoM se jUjha pdd'e| isa samaya zakoM kI rAjadhAnI bhRgukaccha (bhar3oMca) thI, aura ujjaina ke nikaTa kA unakA rAjya vistAra thaa| ve zaktizAlI the| zAtakarNi parAjita hue, parantu unhoMne kuTila buddhi se kAma liyaa| unhoMne naravAhana kA koSa dhArmika kAryoM meM vyaya karavA kara, khAlI kara diyA aura punaH AkramaNa kara use parAjita kiyA / taba mAlavA aura usakI rAjadhAnI ujjayinI mukta huii| jainasAhitya vikramAditya kI vijaya evaM parAkramI gAthAoM se bharA par3A hai| vaha jainadharma ke prati sahiSNu thA aura jainoM ne zaka vijaya para prArambha vikrama samvat apanAyA thaa| kaI kathAnaka isa kathana kI puSTi karate haiM ki vikramAditya svayaM jainadharma ke upadezaka the| isase yaha pramANita hotA hai ki vizva vikhyAta samrATa vikrama kA jainadharma ke prati kitanA lagAva thaa| candragupta vikramAditya aura jainAcAryoM kA kendra-candragupta (dvitIya) vikramA. ditya gupta sAmrAjya kA pratApI rAjA thaa| usane mAlava vijaya kara ujjayinI ko apane antargata le liyaa| usakI rAjasabhA meM kSapaNaka (digambara jainAcArya) ko sammAna prApta thaa| jaina zAstroM ke anusAra ve siddhasena nAmaka AcArya the, jinhoMne mahAkAlI 1 jarnala oNpha di vihAra eNDa ur3IsA risarca sosAiTI, bhAga-13, pR0 236 / 2 kAlakAcArya kathAnaka-prabhAvaka caritra (bambaI), pRSTha 36-46 3 zAtakarNi ke samaya naravAhana (nahavANa yA nahapAna) vahA~ kA zaka rAjA thaa| 4 sva0 kAzIprasAda jAyasavAla ne gautamIputra zAtakaNi ko ujjaina meM Akara basane aura vahA~ kA rAjA banane kA ullekha kiyA hai| yahI zAtakaNi vikramAditya ke nAma se prakhyAta hue| (dekhiye-jarnala oNpha di bihAra eNDa ur3IsA risarca sosAiTI, bhAga 16) 5 saMkSipta jaina itihAsa (sUrata) bhAga-2, khaNDa 2, pRSTha 66, pArzvanAtha caritra (bhavadevasUrikata) sarga 3 va jaina seviyara pArzvanAtha (bAlTimora yU0 esa0 e0) 74-83
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________________ mAlava-saMskRti ko jainadharma kI dena 237 ke mandira meM candragupta ko camatkRta kara, jainadharma meM dIkSita kara liyA thaa| isI samaya digambara jaina muniyoM kA saMgha bhaddalapura (bIsanagara) se ujjaina meM sthAnAntarita huA thaa|' pazcAt ujjaina digambara jaina bhaTTArakoM kI kendrIya nagarI bhI banI aura yahA~ paccIsa jaina digambarAcArya cAra sau untIsa varSa kI avadhi meM prakhyAta hue| paramAra vaMzIya rAjAoM dvArA jainAcAryoM kA sammAna-paramAravaMzIya rAjAoM kI rAjadhAnI dhArA nagarI (dhAra) thI parantu rAjA bhoja ne ujjayinI ko apanI rAjadhAnI banAyA thaa| isa vaMza ke kaI rAjA vidyA, kalA aura sAhitya ke jJAtA aura rasika the| unhoMne anekoM jainAcAryoM ko rAjakIya sammAna aura pratiSThA pradAna kI thii| muMja ke samAna bhoja ne bhI jainadharma aura AcAryoM ko sarvAdhika sammAna diyaa| zrI prabhAcandrAcArya ko vizeSa rUpa se sammAnita kiyaa| digambarAcArya zrI zAntisena ne bhoja ke darabAra meM kaI vidvAnoM evaM paNDitoM ko vAda-vivAda meM parAjita kiyA thaa| eka anya AcArya vizAlakIrti ke ziSya madanakIrti ne ujjayinI meM anya vAdiyoM ko parAsta kara 'mahA prAmANika' kI padavI prApta kI thii| isa prakAra madhyayuga taka jainadharma kA prAbalya mAlavA meM aura vizeSakara ujjayinI meM rahA / ujjaina nagara kI prAcIna vaibhavasampannatA kAlacakra ke thaper3oM aura madhyakAla se aMgrejI zAsana taka ke rAjanaitika parivartanoM kI capeTa meM Aja dhUli-dhUsarita bhale hI hogaI ho, parantu isake bhagnAvazeSoM se Aja bhI isake gauravazAlI atIta kI ve gAthAe~, jinameM isake uttuMga rAjaprAsAda, vizAla-patha, ramya aura sundara jina mandira, AkarSaka udyAna, vizva kA vyApArika kendra, apAra dhana-sampadA, svarga kI parI ke samAna zasya-zyAmalA-gharA, marakata maNiyoM se jar3e nagara patha, candrakAnta maNiyoM se AbhAsita AvAsa, ratnajar3ita kyAriyoM se bahane vAlI surabhita sumanoM kI madamasta saurabha, para sukhApekSI nagaravAsI, suzIla va patibhaktA ramaNiyAM, aisI-nayanapriya nagarI, jo sUrya razmiyoM ko bhI lajjita karade-anuguMjita ho rahI hai| ujjayinI kA prAcIna 1 saMkSipta jaina itihAsa (sUrata) tathA ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra-bhUmikA ---jIvana caritra (pRSTha 133 / 141) 2 jaina hitaiSI, bhAga 6, aMka 7-8, pRSTha 28-31 3 rAjA muMja ne dhanapAla, padyagupta va dhanaJjaya jaise vidvAnoM ko darabAra meM sammAnita kiyaa| jainAcArya mahAsena unakA sneha aura Adara pA cuke the| dhanapAla ke bhAI zobhana bhI jainadharma meM dIkSita hue, parantu dhanapAla ujjaina meM jainadharma kA gahana prabhAva dekhakara dhArA cale gye| zobhana phira bhI pUrNarUpeNa prabhAvita rhe| AcArya amitagati isa samaya ke prakhyAta jaina yatiyoM meM se eka the|| 4 bhArata ke prAcIna rAjavaMza, madhyaprAntIya jaina smAraka, hindI vizvakoSa aura vidvadaratnamAlA, caturviMzati prabandha, jaina hitaiSI, dekhiye / 5 hariSeNa kathAkoSa (kathA kramAMka 3), mahAkavi puSpadanta kRta 'yazodhara caritra', kanakAmarakRta 'karakaNDucariu', Adi meM ujjayinI kA vizada varNana hai| laSa
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________________ 238 munidvaya abhinandana grantha vidyApITha maharSi sAndIpani kI kuTiyA meM 'kRSNa-sudAmA' kI pavitra mitratA kA smaraNa karAtA hai / rAjakumAra candraprabha aura unake guru kAlasaMdIya kramazaH satraha evaM aThAraha bhASAoM ke jJAtA the| ve dhanurvidyA meM nipuNa aura mahAvIra svAmI ke nikaTa jaina muni ho gaye the|' vaise ujjayinI nagarI saMsAra prasiddha rahI hai| usane vibhinna kAloM meM bhinna-bhinna dharma-dhArAoM ko Atma-sAt kara na kevala mAlavA kI yazogAthA varan bhArata kI kIrtipatAkA ko vizva-AkAza meM phaharAyA hai| dakSiNa bhAratIya jaina sAhitya meM ujjayinI kA yazogAna-tamila sAhitya ke do mahAkavyoM meM "zIlappadikAram" kI racanA eka jainadharmAvalambI rAjakumAra ne kI thii| isake chaThe pariccheda meM ujjayinI kA vaicitryapUrNa ullekha hai| jisase jJAta hotA hai ki eka samaya thA, jaba ujjayinI nagarI uttara bhArata kI pramukha nagarI thii| avantI nareza ne colarAja kA svAgata maNimuktAoM se jar3e hue toraNa dvAra banavAkara kiyA thA, jisakI banAvaTa dekhate hI banatI thii| jaina zilAlekhoM meM mAlavA aura ujjayinI-zravaNa belagolA (maisUra) ke candragiri parvata para zaka saMvat 522 ke eka zilAlekha meM AcArya bhadrabAhu ko ujjayinI meM avasthita batAyA hai / unheM aSTAMga mahAnimitta ke jJAtA aura trikAladarzI kahA gayA hai / unhIM ne 12 varSa ke akAla par3ane kI ghoSaNA kI thii| san 1122 ke eka siddhezvara mandira (kallUra guDeDa) ke zilAlekha meM AcArya siMhanandI kA varNana hai| isameM ullekha hai ki ujjaina ke rAjA mahIpAla ne ikSvAku nareza padmanAbha ko parAjita kiyA thaa| isa kAraNa unake do putra dakSiNa bhArata cale gaye aura AcArya siMhanandI kI sahAyatA se vahAM unhoMne 'gaMga rAjya' kI sthApanA kii| guNADhya kI 'vaDDakahA', merutuMgAcArya kI 'prabandhacintAmaNi', bauddha jAtaka tathA jaina purANoM meM samAhita anekoM kathAnakoM meM mAlava pradeza aura ujjajinI nagarI ke jaina matAvalambI zreSThi samAja kI kathA gAthAoM aura vaibhava sampannatA kA ullekha milatA hai| isake atirikta mAlavA aura usakI prAcIna nagariyoM se sambandhita sAmagrI kA saMkalana, sampAdana, prakAzana aura yuktiyukta vizleSaNa kI apekSA rakhatA hai, jisase ki atIta ke garbha meM vismRta mAlava saMskRti puna: prakAza meM A ske| mAlavA vividha dharma-sampradAyoM kA pravartana kendra bhI rahA hai| parantu jainadharma kI dRSTi se mAlava bhUmi kI urvarA zakti utanI hI prabala rahI, jitanI anyAnya dharmoM aura dhArmika vicAradhArAoM ke liye| kAlacakra kA anavarat pravAha isa dharatI ko bhI sparza karatA rahA hai aura apane amiTa cinha chor3atA rahA hai, jinake avazeSa 1 hariSeNa kathAkoSa (zrI bhadrabAhu kI kathA dekhiye) 2 "di zIlappadikAram" (AksaphorDa yunivarsiTI presa) pRSTha 122-123 3 jaina zilAlekha saMgraha, pRSTha 2 4 selpheyara : 'miDivala jainijma'
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________________ mAlava-saMskRti ko jainadharma kI dena 236 Aja bhI apanI gaurava-gAthA guMjA rahe haiN| Aja kA ujjaina nagara apane atIta kI gauravazAlI paramparA kA prANavAna pratinidhitva bhale hI na kare, parantu mAlavA kI miTTI kA kaNa-kaNa aura ujjayinI sthita kSiprA kI lola-lahariyAM apanI manda-manthara gati se jJAna, darzana, tapa, cAritra aura mokSa kI mAnava-pipAsA ko paritRpta karane meM pUrNarUpeNa sakSama haiN| 1 prastuta lekha meM madhyapradeza zAsana ke sUcanA tathA prakAzana saMcAlanAlaya dvArA prakAzita "ujjayinI darzana" nAmaka paricaya pustaka meM prakAzita zrI kAmatAprasAda jaina ke lekha ke atirikta anya sAmagrI se bhI sahAyatA lI gaI hai| vizeSa--guptavaMzIya samrAToM ke sambandha meM lekhaka ko dhAraNAeM pracalita aitihAsika dhAraNAoM se kucha bhinna pratIta hotI haiM, sAtha hI aitihAsika AcAryoM ke sambandha meM bhI mata-bhinnatA hai| -sampAdaka