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________________ bhagavAna mahAvIra kA aparigraha eka dArzanika vivecana | pro0 zrIcandra jaina saMgraha-eka ciraMtana pravRtti na kara sakA / apane khule netroM se isI mAnava ne dhanavAna kI pratiSThA dekhI, dIna-hIna kA anAdara dekhA aura __ anAdi kAla se manuSya saMcaya evaM saMgraha zrImAna ke atyAcAroM se prapIr3ita karAhatI huI mAnavatA kI ora AkarSita hotA calA A rahA hai| kevala ko eka bAra nahIM aneka bAra dekhaa| dhana-vaibhavAdi kI AkarSaNa hI nahIM apitu vividha prakAra ke saMgrahoM nindA karane vAle una vidvAnoM ko jaba isa insAna ne meM isa mAnava ne svayaM ko itanA saMlagna kara dhanavAnoM ke prazasti gAna meM salagna pAyA to usakA rakhA ki vaha apane udAtta astitva ko bhUlA enaM apanI aparigrahavAdI unmeSa bAlukA-nirmita bhitti kI bhAMti AdhyAtmika cetanA ko bhI vismata kara baiThA isa saMdarbha zIghra bikhara gayA / tathya to yaha hai ki sAMsArika jIvana meM usane guruoM se bahuta kucha sunA sAMsArika parivartanoM yApana meM dhanAdi kI AvazyakatA anivArya hai phira ne use aneka bAra jhakajhorA, svAnubhUti ke Aloka meM bhI inake prati amaryAdita gRdhratA akSamya hai| usane apanI kamajoriyoM ko vividha rUpoM meM parakhA apane sAthI ke samparka meM Akara apanI bhUloM ko bhI pahacAnA bhartahari jaise anubhavI manISI kA yaha kathana ki tathA dhArmikatA evaM sAmAjikatA ke AdAna-pradAna meM sabhI guNa suvarNa (dhanAdi) meM rahate hai sArvabhaumika satya dhanAdi kI saMgrAhaka anubhUti kI nissAratA ko anu- kI paridhi meM nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai, dhana-saMgraha kI bhUta kiyA, phira bhI vaha apanI lalaka lAlasA kI upekSA yaha ekadezIya upayogitA kahI jaaygii| 1. yasyAtivittaM sa naraH kulInaH sa paMDitaH sa zrutabAnguNajJaH / sa eba vaktA sa ca darzanIyaH sarve guNAH kAJcanamAzrayanti / -- sabhI guNa suvarNa meM nivAsa karate haiN| (kyoMki) jisake pAsa dhana hai bahI AdamI AdamI acche kula kA hai, vahI vidvAna, vahI zAsrajJa aura guNoM kA pArakhI hai, vahI bhASaNa dene meM kuzala hai aura usI kA darzana karanA cAhie / (bhartRhari kRta zatakatrayam, anuvAdaka zrIkAMta khare, nIti zatakam, pRSTha 34) 124
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________________ paripraha-eka mAnasika saMgharSa ekatrita karatA haA vyabhicArI taka bana jAtA hai| zaMtAna kI eka anukRti hai, parigraha pazatA hai, gaMbhIratA se vicAra karate para yaha satya hameM prabhAvita ulajhana hai, saMgrAma hai, zoSaNa hai. anartha hai, saMkIrNatA hai, karatA hai ki aparigrahI hI saccA jaina banatA hai / kAlimA hai, viSa hai, madirAlaya hai aura mAyA kA mAnava kahalAtA hai aura sadguNI banakara vizva kI jaghanyarUpa hai| dharatI para sammAnita hotA hai| santoSa kI upalabdhi kA artha hai ki mAnava ke mAnasa meM saMcaya kI bhAvanA parigrahI kA AcaraNa itanA heya hotA hai ki sarva- nahIM hai| sAdhAraNa meM bhI usakI pratiSThA kalaMkita ho jAtI hai aura usakA AcaraNajanya gherAva usakI Atmika bhagavAna mahAvIra kA kathana haizakti ko kuThita kara detaa| phalataH usakA mAnasika saMganimitti mArai, bhaNai atnI karei corikkaM / tanAva itanA asaMtulita ho jAtA hai ki naha sva para sebai mehaNa macchaM, apparimANa kaNai jIvo // kA vibheda bhI bhUla uThatA hai / ulajhanoM se lipaTA huA usakA cintana saMkIrNa hokara aneka anarthoM ko janma jIva parigraha ke nimitta hiMsA karatA hai, asatya detA hai aura pApa kAlimA se kaluSita usakI jIvana bolatA, corI karatA hai| maithuna kA sevana karatA hai saritA kuThita dhUmila ho jAtI hai| parigrahI kI dhana aura atyadhika mUrchA karatA hai| (isa prakAra parigraha lipsA pazutA kA hI dUsarA rUpa hai, jisameM na karuNA hai pA~coM pApoM kI jar3a hai|) aura na udAratA / bhogoM ke jAla meM Abaddha aisA saMgrAhaka viSaya bAsanA kI kalpita pUrti meM hI apane lakSya kI rAga dveSa kI agni ko prajvalita karane vAlA yaha samApti mAna letA haiM jo usake patana kA prArambhika parigraha hI hai jisane yatra-tatra sarvatra vibhISikA ke azobhaevaM carama rUpa donoM hI haiN| nIya dRzyoM ko adhamAdhama dharAtala para pradarzita kiyA hai| kavivara sva. duSyaMtakumAra kI ye paMktiyAM samAja ke raktasampUrNa pranthiyoM kA AgAra yaha anAvazyaka raMjita itihAsa ke kAle pannoM ko hamAre Age vicArArtha saMgraha yadyapi kAMcana-AkarSaNa avazya hai lekina isakI rakha rahI haiM / inameM darda hai, vedanA hai dIna kI cItkAra caramovalabdhi ghRNita mRtyu mAnI gaI hai| hai aura zoSaNa kA ArtanAda hai:saba pApoM kA mUla parigraha kaise maMjara sAmane Ane lage haiM, vizva meM jitane anartha pApa duSkarma hote haiM unakA eka ___ gAte-gAte loga cillAne lage haiM / aba nayI tahabIja ke peze najara hama, mAtra kAraNa parigraha hai| isI dhana dhAnyAdi ke anAvazyaka saMgraha saMcaya ne isa puSpa bhUmi ko narakIya rUpa meM pari AdamI ko bhUnakara khAne lage haiN| vartita kara diyA hai / Aja nahIM apitu eka bar3e samaya se iMsAna artha lolupatA ke kAraNa apanA saba kucha bhUla mUrchA hI parigraha hai cukA hai| choTe-bar3e saMgharSa isIlie ho rahe haiM, ki manuSya lAlasA, lalaka, AkAMkSA, unmAda, mAyA, loluapanI lAlasA bar3hAtA jA rahA hai aura bar3hatI huI usakI patA Adi ko mUrchA kahA gayA hai / isIlie eka kAmanA jaba apUrNa raha jAtI hai taba vaha hiMsA karatA hai arddhanagna banavAsI aparigrahI nahIM hai kyoMki usake mAnasa mithyA bolatA kukarma karatA, corI karake dhanAdi ko meM dhanAdi ke saMgraha kI kAmanA bhAvanA nirantara jIvita 125
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________________ rahatI hai jo apUrNa hone ke kAraNa usakI vihvalatA jaba taka manUja-manuja kA yaha, . ko dahakAtI hai / isake viparIta eka nRpati jo vizAla sukha bhoga nahIM kama hogA / / vaibhava kA svAmI hai / jo rAjyazrI se asaMprakta hai use ___ zAMta na hogA kolAhala, aparigrahI kahA gayA hai| isa saMbaMdha meM aneka dhArmika saMgharSa nahIM kama hogA / kathAoM ko prastuta kiyA jA sakatA hai| mokSa zAstra parigraha ke bheda : ke saptama adhyAya meM varNita hai-. . parigraha do prakAra kA hai-AbhyAMtara aura bAhya mUrchA parigrahaH / / 17 / AbhyAMtara parigraha caudaha prakAra kA hai: 1. mithyAtva, 2. strIveda, 3. puruSaveda, 4. napusakaveda, 5. hAsya, mUrchA ko parigraha kahate haiM / mUrchA kA artha hai -- 6. rati, 7. arati, 8. zoka, 9. bhaya, 10. bAhya dhana, dhAnyAdi tathA antaraMga krodhAdi kaSAyoM jugupsA, 11. krodha, 12. mAna, 14. mAyA, 14. meM ve mere haiM aisA bhAva rahanA / lobha / . cAra saMjJAoM meM parigraha saMjJA ko bhI parigaNita ___bAhya parigraha. dasa prakAra kA hai :karake tatvArtha sAra meM batAyA gayA hai ki aMtaraMga meM 1. kheta, 2. makAna, 3. dhana-dhAnya, 4. vastra, 5. lobha kaSAya kI udAraNatA hone se tathA bahiraMga meM bhANDa, 6. dAsa-dAsI, 7. pazU, 8. yAna, 9. zayyA, upakaraNoM ke dekhane, parigraha kI ora upayoga jAne tathA 10. Asana / (dRSTavya-samaNa sutta, pRSTha 47) . mubhiAva-mamatA bhAva ke hone se jo icchA hotI hai use parigraha saMjJA kahate hai / yaha saMjJA dazama guNasthAna Antarika zuddhi aura bAhya zuddhi ke lie donoM taka hotI hai| (dekhie zrImadamRtacanda sUri kRta tatvArtha prakAra ke parigraha kA krama se parityAga Avazyaka hai| sAra, sampAdaka-paMDita pannAlAla sAhityAcArya, pR. 46) lekina AbhyAMtara parigraha ke tyAga se vAhya ADambara (parigraha) ke prati anurakti svataH naSTa ho jAtI hai| parigraha kA saMcaya na hokara yadi isakA AvazyakatA: mAnasika parizuddhi, AtmotthAna ke lie sarvadA nusAra vitaraNa hotA rahe to saMsAra kI viSamatA zIghra vAnchita kahI gaI hai| samApta hogI aura saMgharSoM meM khanakhanAte hue tar3atar3Ate hue astra-zastroM kA pralApa samApta ho jaavegaa| anyathA avinazvara vizrAnti ke hetu indriyanigraha pramukha yaha virodha kabhI na samApta hogA aura sadA bhavAturatA sAdhana hai tathA etadartha parityAga sarvapradhAna hai| kahA vyApta rhegii| kavivara dinakara kI ye cAra paMktiyA~ gayA hai ki sampUrNa grantha (parigraha) se mukta, zItIbhata parigraha se AtaMkita becainI ko ughAr3atI haiM ujAgara prasanna citta zramaNa jaisA muktisUkha pAtA hai, vaisA sUkha karatI haiM : cakravartI ko bhI nahIM miltaa| . 2. tatvArthasAra meM bhI isI tathya.ko isa prakAra pramANita kiyA gayA hai:- mamedamiti saMkalpa rUpA mUrchA parigrahaH // 77 / ' -'yaha merA hai isa prakAra ke saMkalpa rUpa mUrchA ko parigraha kahate haiM / 126
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________________ jaise hAthI ko vaza meM rakhane ke lie aMkUza hotA adhogati meM le jAnevAle haiM, isase ina tInoM ko tyAga hai, aura nagara kI rakSA ke lie khAI hotI hai vaise hI denA caahie| indriya-nivAraNa ke lie parigRha kA tyAga (kahA mAyA ke vividha rUpoM ko vaNita karake saMta kavi gayA) hai| asaMgatva (parigraha-tyAga) se indriyA~ vaza meM kabIra ne ise pApaNI kahA hai| ..... hotI haiM / (samaNa sutta pRSTha 47) mAyA taju tajI nahiM jAI / mAyA kA tyAga---saMtoSa se anurAga phiri phiri mAyA mohi lapaTAI / / mAyA . Adara mAyA mAna / parigRha-tyAga kA vAstavika artha hai mAyA se mAyA nahIM tahaM brahma giyAna / virAga / yahI mAyA hai jisane brahmANDa kI zAnti ko mAyA rasa mAyA kara jAMna / kuThita kara diyA hai, paMgu banA diyA haiM aura aharniza mAyA kArani tajai parAMna / isa vizrAnti ke AMgana meM prasphuTita komala aMkuroM mAyA mAtA mAyA pitA / ko yahI vidhAtinI tor3a rahI hai / yahI lobha ati mAyA astarI sutA // Asakti samatva kI virodhinI haiM, samatA ko nAzinI mAyA mAri karai vyauhAra / hai, naraka kA dvAra hai| saMsAra ke samasta saMtoM ne isI- kahai 'kabIra' mere rAma adhAra / lie mAyA kA tiraskAra kiyA hai| kabIra mAyA pApaNI, hari sU karai harAma / zrImadbhagavadagItA meM (adhyAya 16) kahA gayA hai- mukhi kar3iyAlI kumati kI kahaNa na deI rAma / trividhaM narakasyedaM dvAraM nAzanamAtmanaH / -- (kabIra granthAvalI) kAmaH krodhastathA lobhastasmAdetattrayaM tyajet / / AzArUpI nadI kI jananI yahI mAyA hai aura he arjuna ! kAma, krodha tathA lobha ye tIna prakAra ise jisa mahAnAnava ne 'saMtoSa' ke mAdhyama se jItA haike dvAra AtmA kA nAza karanevAle haiM / arthAta pAra kiyA hai-vahI dhanya hai|' Atma saMtuSTi kA nAma - 3. moha se mahAna UMce parabata soM Dara AI, tihU~ jagamUtala ko pAya bistarI hai| vibidha manoratha meM bhUri jala bharI vahai, tisanA taraMginasoM AkulatA dharI hai| parai bhrama bhauMra jahAM rAga so magara tahA~, ciMtA cita taTa huMga dharma bRkSa DhAya parI hai| aisI yaha AzA nAma nadI hai agAdha, tAko dhanya sAdhu dhIraja jahAja car3hi tarI hai (jaina zataka chaMda 76)
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________________ ho saMtoSa hai / isase nilaoNbha kI bhAvanA balavatI hotI hai, dayA kI vRddhi hotI hai, aura udAratA meM satya kA anubhava hone lagatA hai / yahI santoSa ananta kAmanA ko samApta karatA hai aura AtmA meM hI virATa vizva kI kalpanA ko sAkAra banAtA hai / santoSa hI parama sukha hai / ataH parigraha ke parityAga meM isI guNa (santoSa) kA vizeSa mahatva hai| AzA tRSNA ko nirmUla karanevAlA santoSa hI hai jo Atma ciMtana ko saphala banAkara nara ko nArAyaNatva pradAna karatA hai| kavivara banArasIdAsa kA nimnastha pada yahA~ ullekhya hai --- re mana, kara sadA saMtoSa, jAteM miTata saba duHkha doSa | re mana kara sadA santoSa / bar3hata parigraha moha bAr3hata, adhika tisanA hoti / bahuta IMdhana jarata jaise agini U~cI joti, re mana, kara sadA saMtoSa / lobha lAlaca mUr3ha jana so kahata kaMcana dAna | phirata Arata nahi bicArata, dharama dhana kI hAna / re mana kara sadA saMtoSa, nArakina ke pAdUsevata sakuca mAnata saMka / jJAna kari bUjhe 'banArami' ko nRpati ko raka / re mana, kara sadA satoSa / 4. sva-para-bheda kA prakAzaka saMtoSa hai jisane saMtoSa ne mAyAjanita vikAroM ko naSTa kiyA evaM mana ke samasta doSoM kA parimArjana kara use ( mana ko zuddha citana meM lagAyA hai| gosvAmI tulasIdAsa dvArA vinaya AdhyAtma-padAvalI, pRSTha 105 1 / patrikA ke aneka pada isa saMdarbha meM paThanIya hai| kAmanAoM ko tyAga karanevAlA saMtoSI hI hai jise apari grahI bhI kahA gayA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA hai kAme kamA hI kamiyaM sudukkhaM / ' jo kAmanAoM ko tyAga detA hai vaha samasta duHkhoM se chuTakArA pA letA hai| kyoMki : ---- icchA hu AgAsa samA anaMtiyA / utta0 icchAe~ (kAmanAe~) AkAza ke samAna anaMta haiM, evaM inakI pUrti asaMbhava hai / eka hI pUrti dUsarI (kAmanA) ko janma detI hai| eka saMta kavi kA yaha dohA santoSa kI vyArUpA meM paryApta hai godhana, gajadhana, ratnadhana, kaMcana khAna sukhAna / jaba Ave saMtoSa dhana saba dhana dhUla samAna // gosvAmI tulasIdAsa saMtoSa kI mahimA aMkita karate hue kahate haiM saMtoSa ke binA koI bhI Atmika zAnti prApta nahIM kara sakatA / soraThA kou vizrAma ki pAva, tAta sahaja saMtoSa binu / caleM ki jala binu nAva, koTi jatana paci paci maria / (dohAvalI 275) mAyA marI na mana marA, mara mara gayA zarIra / AzA tRsinA nA marI, so kaha gae dAsa kabIra / -saMta kabIra svabhAvika saMtoSa ke binA kyA koI zAMti pA sakatA hai ? cAhe karor3oM prakAra se jatana karate-karate 128 -
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________________ mara jAya, jala ke binA sUkhI jamIna para kyA kabhI parahita-nirata nirantara, mana krama vacana nema nivahauMgo nAva cala sakatI hai ? parihari deha janita ciMtA, dukhasukha samabuddhi sahauMgo tulasIdAsa prabhu yaha pathi rahi, avicala haribhakti lahoMgo 'jaina dharmAmata' meM kahA gayA hai ki jisa puruSa ko saMtoSa rUpI AbhUSaNa prApta hai usake samIpa meM sadA (vinaya patrikA pada 172) nidhiyA~ vidyamAna rahatI haiM, kAmadhenu anugAminI bana jAtI hai aura amara kiMkara bana jAte haiM : svahita evaM rASTra-hita meM parigraha-maryAdA Ava zyaka haiN| sannidhau nidhayastasya kAmagavyanugAminI / amarAH kiGkarAyante saMtoSo yasya bhUSaNam / parigraha-paridhi ke lie hameM sadA sajaga rahanA (caturtha adhyAya, pRSTha 135) cAhie / yaha sarvamAnya hai ki jaina zrAvaka--gRhastha ke ke lie dhana-dhAnyAdi kI AvazyakatA nirantara rahatI prANI kI tapti honA asaMbhava sA hai' jaise Idhana hai| phira bhI unakA parimANa nizcita honA jarUrI hai| se agni kI, aura hajAroM nadiyoM se lavaNa samudra kI digambara mani-sAdhaka ke lie to pUrNarUpeNa aparigrahI tapti nahIM hotI, vaise hI tIna loka kI sampatti prApta honA paramAvazyaka hai| ho jAne para bhI jIva kI tRpti nahIM hotI / yaha asAdhya roga saMtoSa se hI sAdhya banatA hai aura zanaiH use parigraha tyAga mahAvratI honA, jarUrI haizanaiHnirmUla ho jAtA hai| anyathA usakA svarUpa hI kalaMkita ho jaaygaa| vAhya parigraha kA digambara sAdhu tyAgI rahatA hI hai aura bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA hai ki kAmanA aura bhaya se atIta hIkara yathAlAbha saMtuSTa rahanevAle sAtha hI sAtha AbhyAMtara parigraha ke parityAga meM vaha medhAvI pApa nahIM karate : sadaiva saMlagna mAnA gayA hai / jaina muni kI isa sAdhanA meM na aticAra AnA cAhie aura na anAcAra / lekina mehAviNo loma bhayAvaIyA saMtoSiNo va pakareMti paavN| jaina zrAvaka ke lie parigraha pariNAma brata kA vizeSa saMtapravara gosvAmI tulasIdAsa ne bhI isI saMtoSa mahatva hai / kahA bhI hai :vRti kI kAmanA kI hai : dhana-dhAnya Adi vAhya dasa prakAra ke parigraha kA kabahuka hauM yahi rahani rahauMge / parimANa karake usase adhika vastuo meM nispRhatA zrI raghunAtha-kRpAlu-kRpA te saMta-subhAva ghauNgo| rakhanA so icchA parimANa nAmakA pAMcavA parigraha jathA lAma saMtoSa sadA, kAhU soM kachu na chauNgo| parimANa vRta hai| 5. cetanetara bAhyAntaraga vivarjanae / jJAna saMyamasaMgo vA nimmtvmsgtaa| (jana dharnAmRta pacama adhyAya) cetana aura acetana tathA vAhya aura aMtaraMga sarva prakAra ke parigraha ko chor3a denA aura nirgamatva bhAva ko aMgIkAra karanA athavA jJAna aura saMyama kA hI saMgama karanA so asaMgatA nAmaka parigraha tyAga mahAbata jAnanA caahie| 126
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________________ dhanya-dhAnyAdi granthaM parimAya tato'dhikeSu nisprahatA / parimita parigrahaH syAdicchA parimANa nAmApi / (jaina dharmAmRta caturtha adhyAya) isI prakAra pratyeka zrAvaka ko yaha jAnanA cAhie ki saMsAra ke mUla kAraNa Arambha haiM, aura ina ArambhoM kA mUla kAraNa parigraha hai. isalie zrAvaka ko cAhie ki vaha apane parigraha ko dina pratidina kama karatA jAtre / sasAra mUlamAraMbhAsteSAM hetuH parigrahaH / tasmAdupAsakaH kuryAdalpamalyaM parigraham // jaina dharma vizvadharma hai aura isakA pratyeka siddhAMta jana-jana kA hitakArI hai, kalyANa kArI hai maMgalakArI hai / haraeka jaina sAdhaka deva pUjA meM loka kalyANa kI kAmanA karatA hai / " tathA mAnava samAja meM kalpita bhedabhAva ko bhUla kara prANI mAtra ke hita meM apane jIvana ko samarpita karane kA saMkalpa karatA hai / aisI sthiti 6. ( jaina dharmAmRta, caturtha adhyAya, 72) meM dUsaroM ko pIr3ita kara anya ke deya ko har3apakara dIna kI kuTiyA ko naSTa kara evaM janatA kI harI-bharI kAmanA ko miTAkara apanA mahala banAnA, gupta gRhoM ko dhana-dhAnyAdi se bharanA, apane parivAra ke sadasyoM ko sone-cAMdI ke AbhUSaNoM se alaMkRta karanA tathA rezamI gaddoM para leTakara apanI thakAna miTAnA kahA~ taka ucita ? loka kalyANa meM saMlagna hamArI mAnanIyA pradhAna maMtrI ke bIsa sUtrIya Arthika kAryakrama kI pUrNa saphalatA bhagavAna mahAvIra ke parigraha meM hI sannihita hai / pratyeka bhAratIya ko isa para vicAra karanA cAhiebA~ke khAie, baikuTha jAie - yaha eka grAmINa kahAvata hai, jinameM jana kalyANa kI bhAvanA mukharita huI hai / eka dUsarI kahAvata hai jisakA bhAva hai ki jo dUsaroM ke hAtha se chInakara khAtA hai, vaha narakagAmI hotA hai / isalie hameM kAmanAoM ko kama karake dUsaroM ke dukha dardoM kI cintA karanI cAhie, anyathA manuSya evaM pazu meM kyA bheda hai ? parigraha parimANa pA~ca aNuvratoM meM aMtima hai aura cAra vratoM kA saMrakSaNa karanA evaM bar3hAnA isake adhIna (ka) hove sArI prajA ko sukha balayuta dharma dhArI narezA / hovai varSA samaM paM tilabhara na rahai byAdhiyoM kA andezA | hobe corI na jArI susamaya varate hoM na duskAla bhArI / sAre hI deza dhAreM jinavara vRSako jo sadA saukhyakArI / (zAMtipATha ) (kha) sattveSumaitrI guNISu pramodaM / kliSTeSu jobeSu kRpAdaratvaM / mAdhyastha bhAva biparItavRttau / sadA mamAtmA vidadhAtu deva // (sAmayika pATha) (ga) maMtrI bhAva jagata meM merA, sava jIvoM se nitya rahe / dIna dukhI jIvoM para mere ura se durjana-krUra kumArga ratoM para, kSobha sAmya bhAva rakkha maiM una para aisI (gha) parasparopagraho jIvAnAm / ( jaina dharma kA pramukha siddhAMta -- tattvArtha sUtra ) karuNA srota vahai / nahIM mujhako Abe / pariNati ho jAbe / (merI bhAvanA) 130
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________________ hai, parigraha ko ghaTAne meM hiMsA, asatya, asteya, kucha kSaNoM ke lie avazya kabhI-kabhI mAnava cetanA ko kuzIla, ina cAroM para roka lagatI hai / isa brata ke sajaga banAtA hai lekina yaha sajagatA nirarthaka hI rahatI pariNAmasvarUpa jIvana meM zAnti aura santoSa prakaTa hai| vastutaH yaha kitanI bar3I ma r3hatA hai ki saMcaya hone se sUkha kI vRddhi hotI hai / nizcintA aura sagraha ke duSpariNAmoM ko hama nitya prati dekha rahe haiM nirAkulatA AtI hai| aisI sthiti hone se dharma kriyA phira bhI pazu ke samAna pArasparika vidveSa bar3hAkara kI ora manuSya kA citta adhikAdhika AkarSita hotA saMgraha meM hama lIna haiM / hai / isa brata ke ye vaiyaktika lAbha haiM / kintu sAmAjika dRSTi se bhI yaha brata atyanta upayogI hai / Aja jo yadi hama mAnava haiM, amIra-garIba kI khAI ko Arthika vaiSamya dRSTigocara hotA hai, isa brata kA pAlana pATanA cAhata ha, dAna-hAna pATanA cAhate haiM, dIna-hIna ke bheda ko miTAnA cAhate na karane kA hI pariNAma hai| Athika vaiSamya isa yuga haiM to hameM aparigraha ko zIghra apanA lenA cAhie, kI eka bahuta bar3I samasyA hai Aja kucha loga anyathA pariNAma bar3e dukhada hoNge| samAjavAda ke prati yaMtroM kI sahAyatA se pracara dhana ekatra kara lete haiM to bhAratIya janatA vizeSataH AkarSita hai, yaha AkarSaNa dUsare loga dhanAbhAva ke kAraNa apane jIvana kI ani- sarvathA ucita hai, yaha vAda zoSaNa se mukti dilAtA hai, vArya AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti karane se bhI vaMcita rahate sabako bharapeTa roTI detA hai atyAcAroM evaM anAcAroM haiN| unheM peTa bhara roTI, tana Dhakane ko vastra aura se prapIr3ita jana ko sukha kI sAMse lene kA pUrA avasara auSadhi jaisI cIjeM bhI upalabdha nhiiN| isa sthiti kA detA hai aura samAnatA kI bhAvanA ko niraMtara mUrta rUpa sAmanA karane ke lie aneka vAdoM kA janma huA hai| detA rahatA hai| isake (samAjavAda) antargata saba ko samAjavAda, sAmyavAda, sarvodayavAda Adi isI ke samAna adhikAra prApta hote haiM saba apanI yogyatAnaphala haiN| prAcIna kAla meM parigraha vAda ke dvArA isa sAra kArya karane ke lie sAdhana sampanna karAye jAte haiM samasyA kA samAdhAna kiyA jAtA thaa| .... . ataeva tathA Arthika dRSTi se saba meM ekarUpatA lAne kA saphala agara parigraha brata kA vyApaka rUpa meM pracAra aura prayAsa kiyA jAtA hai vastuta: yaha vAda bhArata ke lie aMgIkAra ho to na artha-vaiSamya kI samasyA vikarAla varadAna ke rUpa meM vareNya hai| rUpa dhAraNa kare aura na varga-saMgharSa kA avasara upasthita ho|' aise to aparigraha sabhI dharmoM kA AdhAra hai / apa rigraha kahane se nahIM karane se hotA hai| samAja ke sabhI saba isa tathya se paricita haiM ki yaha saba bAhya dharmoM meM aparigraha kI sAdhuoM aura gRhasthoM ke lie vaibhava hai, kSaNika hai aura mRtyu hone para mAnava kI AtmA alaga-alaga vyAkhyAeM haiN| hameM vyAkhyA karanI hai apane ekAkI ho jAtI hai| anyAyopAjita saba dravyAdi yahIM liye nA ki dUsaroM ke lie .......aparigraha ke lie prathama para par3e rahate haiM, phira bhI mohavaza manuSya unmattavat isa bAta hai ki icchA ko jaise cAhe moDe, burI icchA na vyApaka tatba se ajJAta sA rahatA hai / zmazAna vairAgya kareM aura yadi sadicchA bhI kareM to use paramita hI rakhoM 7. AcArya-zrI hastImala jI, ma. sA.-parigraha-maryAdA, vyakti aura samAja ke saMdarbha meM, jinavANI, mArca 1976 se sAbhAra. samAjavAda meM utpAdana, vitaraNa evaM upabhoga para sAmAjika niyaMtraNa hotA hai| 131
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________________ aparigraha kI vyAkhyA hai ki koI bhI apanI jarUrata nizcayataH dhana viSa hai kAmanA kI atRpti hai, se jyAdA na rakhe...aparigraha kA siddhAnta samAjavAda se aura mAyA kA mohaka rUpa hai| bhI Age hai| jahA~ samAjavAda kI sImA hai usase Age bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA - aparigraha hai samAjavAda aparigraha meM hI nihita hai, aparigraha kA lakSya hai bhagavAna aura manuSya ko eka bnaanaa| dharma (1)-mucchA parigraho vutto| kyA hai ? dharma eka hai, mAnava dharma, mAnava dharma ki manuSya manuSya kA zoSaNa na kareM samAja meM UMca nIca kA bheda (vastu ke prati rahe hue mamatva bhAva ko parigraha kahA hai|) na ho / Arthika asamAnatAeM kama hoM, samAjavAda meM saba manuSya samAna hote haiN| isa prakAra aparigraha aura (2) vitteNa tANaM na labhe pamatte samAja kA aTUTa sambandha hai samAjavAda lokatAMtrika immi loe aduvA paratthA / tarIke se AtA hai tAnAzAhI se nhiiN|' (pramatta puruSa dhana ke dvArA na to isa loka meM apanI rakSA kara sakatA hai aura na paraloka meM hii|) dhana zApa hai varadAna nahIM (3) natthi eriso pAso paDibaMdho atthi, sAMsarika saMgharSa kA pramukha kAraNa dhana hai jisake savva jIvANaM savva loe / lie pitA patra kI hatyA karatA hai, pati patnI ko ma tya ke mukha meM DAlatA hai, aura bhAI bahana ke gale ko davAte (vizva ke sabhI prANiyoM ke lie parigraha ke samAna hue bhI nahIM hicakatA hai| eka aMgrejI kahAvata hai dUsarA koI jAla nahIM baMdhana nahIM / ) jisameM kahA gayA hai ki dhana hI saba anarthoM kI jar3a hai| (4) bahupi laddhaM na nihe isa dhana arjana meM dukhaH hai saMrakSaNa meM kaSTa hai tathA isake pariggahAo appANaM avasavikajjA / vyaya meM vedanA hotI hai isalie yaha dhana niraMtara pIDA dAyaka hai isameM sukha kahA~ ? (bahuta milane para bhI saMgraha na kare / parigraha-vRtti __ se apane ko dUra rkhe|) arthAnAmarjane duHkhaM ajitAnAJcarakSaNe / (5) jayA nividae bhoge, je divve je ya mANuse / Aye duHkhaM vyaye duHkhaM ghigartha zoka bhAjanam / / tayA cayai saMjogaM, sabhitara-bAhiraM / , __eka saMskRta kavi (jaba manuSya daivika aura mAnuSika (manuSya saMbaMdhI) dhana kA sadupayoga yahI hai ki hama isakA saMcaya bhogoM se virakta ho jAtA hai, taba Abhyantara aura bAhyana kareM apitu jarUratamaMdoM meM ise bAMTa deM: parigraha ko chor3akara Atma sAdhanA meM jUTa jAtA hai|) pAnI bAr3ha nAba meM, ghara meM bAr3he dAma / donoM hAtha ulIciye, yahI sayAno kAma / / (6) je pAvakammehi dhaNaM maNUsA, samAyantI amayaM gahAya // 9. morArajI desAI-samAjavAda-aparigraha ke siddhAnta meM nihita-'tIrtha kara', jUna 1972., pRSTha 37.
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________________ pahAya te pAsa paryATThie nare / verANubaddhA narayaM uNeMti // ( jo manuSya dhana ko amRta mAnakara aneka pApa karmoM dvArA usakA upArjana karate haiM, ve dhana ko chor3akara mauta ke mu~ha meM jAne ko taiyAra haiM, ve baira se ba~dhe hue marakara narakavAsa prApta karate haiM / ) (7) pariggaha niTThiANaM, vairaM tesi pavaDDhaI / ( jo parigraha saMgraha vRtti meM vyasta haiM, ve saMsAra meM apane prati baira kI hI abhivRddhi karate 1) (8) thovAhAro thovabhaNio ya, jo hoithovanichoya thovo hi uvagaraNo, tatsa hu devA vi paNamaMti / ( jo sAdhaka mitAhArI, mitabhASI mita-zAyI aura mila parigrahI hai, use devatA bhI namaskAra karate haiM / ) hai | ) ( 9 ) je mamAia maI jahAi se jahAi mamAiaM / ( jo sAdhaka apanI mamatva buddhi kA tyAga kara sakatA hai vahI parigraha kA tyAga karane meM samartha ho sakatA hai | ) ( 10 ) etadeva egesi mahabbhayaM bhavai / ( parigraha hI isa loka meM mahAbhaya kA kAraNa hotA ( 11 ) lohassesa aNupphAso, manna annayarAmava / ( saMgraha karanA, yaha aMdara rahane vAle lobha kI jhalaka hai / ) ( 12 ) mA no dvikSata kazcana / ( hama kisI se dva eSa na kareM) ( 13 ) nAJJamaJjassa dukkhamiccheya | (koI bhI kisI dUsare ke liye duHkha kI icchA na kareM / ) ( 14 ) sabve sattA averino hontu mA verino / (sabhI vyakti abera baneM koI bhI kisI ke sAtha baira na rakheM / ) ( 15 ) sabve sattA bhavantu, sukhavattA / (saMsAra ke sabhI jIva sukhI hoM, sukhI raheM !) ( zrI gaNeza muni zAstrI, saM.- bhagavAna mahAvIra ke hajAra upadeza) yaha zarIra bhI parigraha hai jisa zarIra ke liye itane adhika ADambara ekatrita kie jAte haiM tathA jisakI saMrakSA ke hetu rAta-dina citita rahanA par3atA hai vaha tana bhI kama vighAtaka nahIM hai / karor3oM ke saundarya prasAdhana isI deha kI kamanIyatA kI buddhi ko adhika AkarSaka banAne ke lie kharIde jAte haiM / isa bhautika yuga meM caMcala taruNAI adhika bhramita hai jisakA kAraNa zArIrika sundaratA kahI jA sakatI hai / bhagavAn mahAvIra ne parigraha ko tIna rUpoM meM vibhAjita kiyA hai jisameM zarIra ko bhI parigraha batAyA gayA hai| karmaparigraha, zarIraparigraha, vAhyabhaNDa mAtra upa karaNa parigrahaH tivihe pariggahe paNa te ta jahAkamma - pariggahe, bAhira bhaMDamatta pariggahe / parigrahI naraka meM jAtA hai arthAdi saMgraha meM lolupI jitanA para-pIr3ana karatA hai usase hajAra gunA kaSTa use bhoganA nyAyataH samucita 133
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________________ hI hai| isalie parazoSaka ko nArakIya jIvana ro-ro aura bece jAte the| vilAsatA, vaibhava kA ucchakhala kara bitAnA hI cAhie anyathA zubhAzubha karmoM kA tANDava nRtya thaa| bhagavAna ne sAmAjika viSamatA pratiphalana kaise pramANita hogaa| AcArya zrI umA- ko samajhA evaM usake parimArjana meM saphala prayAsa kiye| svAmI ne mokSazAstra (tatvArthasUtra) ke adhyAya 6 meM (dekhie mahAvIra yuga meM samAja aura dharma kI sthiti kahA hai ki bahvArambha parigrahatva nArakasyA yaSaH / lekhaka DA. jyoti prasAda jaina, bhagavAna mahAvIra smati bahuta AraMbha aura parigraha kA honA naraka Ayu kA grantha khaNDa 3, pRSTha 3 1) astitva hai| isI prakAra mAyA (chala-kapaTa) tiryaJca Ayu kA Astrava hai:--mAyA tairyagyonasya (mokSazAstra jisa prakAra svastha zarIra ke lie zuddha AcAra adhyAya 6 sUtra 16) niSpakSa vicAraka isa mAnyatA ke vicAra Avazyaka hai usI prakAra mAnavatA ke udAtta pUrNa samarthaka haiM ki parigraha jaba svaya~ naraka hai taba upake saMrakSaNa meM aparigrahavAda sarvopari hai| isa sajanAtmaka snehI ko pAtakI banakara naraka meM rahanA aura tar3apanA satya ke dRSTikoNa ko bhagavAna ne bhalI mAMti aMgIkAra svAbhAvika hI hai| kara aparigraha kI garimA ko bahurUpoM meM samAja ke sanmukha prastuta kiyA aura karAhatI haI insAniyata ko vIra-yuga-aneka dvandoM kA AtaMka zuddha jijIviSA pradAna kii| bhagavAna mahAvIra kA yahI mahAvIra ke samaya ko yadi AtmadhAtau kahA jAya to aparigraha hai aura yahI jaina mata kA mUlAdhAra hai| kucha sImA taka anucita nahIM hai| isa yuga meM mAnavatA khaMDita thI, dharmoM ke rUpa prazastana, the svArthapUrNa manovR. yadIyA bAMggaMgA vividh-ny-kllol-vimlaa| ttiyAM janatA ke mAnasa ko khasoTa rahI thIM evaM dIna bahad jJAnAmbhobhirjagati janatAM yA snapayati / amIra kA bheda vyApakatA le cukA thaa| nArI kA karuNa idAnImapyeSA budhajana-marAlaH paricitA / krandana kisI hdaya ko prabhAvita karane meM asamartha thA / mahAvIra svAmI nayasa-patha-gAmI bhavaMtu naH / dAsa dAsiyA~ bAjAroM meM mUka pazuoM kI taraha kharIde -paMDita bhAgacandra. mahAbIrASTaka. 134