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________________ 15 karma evaM lezyA saMsAra ke pratyeka prANI kA lakSya bandhanoM se mukta honA aura duHkhoM se chuTakArA pAnA hai / kisI bhI prANI ko duHkha abhISTa nahIM hotA, sabhI prANI sukha cAhate haiM, aisA sukha jo kabhI duHkha rUpa meM pariNata na ho| isa sthiti ko dUsare zabdoM meM mokSa yA mukti kahA gayA hai / zrI cAMdamala kararNAvaTa jaina darzana meM tattvArtha sUtra ke racayitA zrAcArya umAsvAti ne mokSa kI paribhASA dI hai - ' kRtsna karmakSayo mokSaH' arthAt samasta karmoM kA naSTa ho jAnA hI mokSa hai / ina karmoM ke kSaya se hI zAzvata sukha kI sthiti prApta hotI hai / aba yaha samajhanA Avazyaka hai ki yaha karma kyA hai jo AtmA ko bandhanoM meM jakar3a detA ? usake kSaya se kisa prakAra grAtmA siddha, buddha aura mukta banatI hai| tathA isa karma kA aura lezyA kA kyA sambandha hai ? karma kyA hai ? jaina darzana meM karma kA artha kriyA karanA nahIM hai / yaha eka pAribhASika zabda hai jisakA artha hai rAga-dveSAdi pariNAmoM se ekatrita kArmaNa vargaNA ke pudgaloM kA zrAtmA ke sAtha baMdha jAnA / AtmA karma karate hue zubha aura azubha pudgaloM kA baMdha karatI hai aura usake phalasvarUpa usake zubhAzubha phaloM ko bhogate hue saMsAra meM cakkara lagAtI rahatI hai athavA janma-maraNa karatI rahatI hai / vaha mukta dazA ko prApta nahIM hotI / Jain Educationa International karma ke eka apekSA se do bheda kiye gae haiM - ( 1 ) dravya karma evaM bhAva karma / dravya karma pudgala rUpa haiM / bhAva karma ina pudgaloM ko ekatra karane meM kAraNabhUta zubhAzubha vicAra haiM / dravya karma, bhAva karma ke liye evaM bhAva karma dravya karma ke liye kAraNabhUta hai / donoM hI paraspara eka dUsare ko prabhAvita karate haiM / jaina darzana kI eka ukti bahuta prasiddha hai - 'kaDANa kammANa Na mokkha pratthi ' arthAt karmoM kA phala bhoge binA unase chuTakArA nahIM milatA / nikAcita karmoM kI apekSA yaha ukti sahI hai kyoMki nikAcita karma kA vipAka yA phala AtmA ko bhoganA hI hotA hai / parantu nidhatta prakAra ke karmoM meM puruSArtha ke dvArA For Personal and Private Use Only
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________________ 114 ] [ karma siddhAnta AtmA parivartana lA sakatI hai / aura kevala pradezodaya dvArA ye karma kSaya ho sakate haiM / 'jaina darzana : svarUpa aura vizleSaNa' meM zrI devendra muni kA kathana kitanA sArthaka hai / unhoMne likhA hai - 'saMsAra ko ghaTAne-bar3hAne kA AdhAra pUrvakRta karma kI apekSA vartamAna adhyavasAyoM para vizeSa AdhArita hai / ' yahIM karma ke sAtha zyAoM kA sambandha jur3a jAtA hai| isI prakAra bhAvakarma ke rUpa meM lezyAe~ karma-bandha meM AdhArabhUta bhUmikA nibhAtI haiM / lezyA kyA hai ? * jinake dvArA AtmA karmoM se lipta hotI hai, jo yogoM kI pravRtti se utpanna hotI hai tathA mana ke zubhAzubha bhAvoM ko lezyA kahA gayA hai / dUsare zabdoM meM yoga aura kaSAya ke nimitta se hone vAle AtmA ke zubhAzubha pariNAma ko lezyA kahA gayA hai, jisase AtmA karmoM se lipta ho / apara zabdoM meM lezyA eka aisI zakti hai jo Ane vAle karmoM ko AtmA ke sAtha cipakA detI hai / yaha zakti kaSAya aura yoga se utpanna hotI hai / ina paribhASAtroM kA sAra yahI hai ki lezyA hamAre zubhAzubha pariNAma yA bhAva haiM jinameM kaSAya aura yoga ke kAraNa hI snigdhatA utpanna hotI hai jo hamAre cAroM ora phaile hue karma pudgaloM ko AtmA ke cipakA detI hai| jaina darzana meM isIliye kahA bhI gayA hai'pariNAme bandha' arthAt zubhAzubha karmoM kA bandha zrAtmA ke pariNAmoM para nirbhara hai / lezyA AtmA ke aise zubha-azubha pariNAma hai jo karmabandha kA kAraNa banate haiM / 'pannavaNAsUtra' ke 17veM pada meM lezyAoM kA varNana karate hue zAstrakAra ne karmabandha meM unako sahakArI kAraNa batalAyA hai / aura isa dRSTi se hamArI AtmA ke zubhAzubha vicAroM meM tIvratA aura mandatA athavA prAsakti aura anAsakti hone para karmabandha bhI usI prakAra kA bhArI yA halkA hotA hai / lezyA aura karma kA sambandha : karma aura lezyA kI paribhASA jAnane ke pazcAt yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki lezyA aura karma meM kAraNa aura kArya kA sambandha hai / lezyAe~ yA AtmA ke vibhinna pariNAma snigdha aura rukSa dazA meM tadtad rUpa meM karmabandha kA kAraNa banate haiM / yadi koI kArya karate hue hamArI usameM prAsakti huyI to karmabandha jaTila hogA aura anAsakta bhAva se kArya karate hue AtmA ke sAtha karmoM kA bandha manda mandatara aura mandatama hogA / karmabandha ke bhinna-bhinna vivakSAoM se alaga - alaga kAraNa batalAe haiM / parantu mukhyata: rAga-dveSa kI vRttiyA~ hI karma kA bIja mAnI gayI haiM / kahA bhI Jain Educationa International For Personal and Private Use Only
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________________ karma evaM lezyA ] [ 115 gayA hai-'rAgoyadoso viyakammaviyam' ye rAga aura dveSa kI vRttiyA~ yoga kA hI rUpa haiM / aura kaSAyoM ko samanvita kiye hue haiM / lezyAoM ke prakAra aura karmabandha : lezyAe~ chaH haiM-kRSNa lezyA, nIla lezyA, kApota lezyA, tejo lezyA, padma lezyA evaM zukla lezyA / inameM prathama tIna azubha aura antima tIna zubha mAnI gayI haiN| (1) kRSNa lezyA-kAjala ke samAna vAle varNa ke isa lezyA ke pudgaloM kA sambandha hone para AtmA meM aise pariNAma utpanna hote haiM jinase AtmA mithyAtva Adi pA~ca prAsravoM meM pravRtti karatI, tIna gupti se 'agupta rahatI, chaH kAya kI hiMsA karatI hai| vaha kSudra tathA kaThora svabhAvI hokara guNadoSa kA vicAra kiye binA krUra karma karatI rahatI hai| (2) nIla lezyA-nIle raMga ke isa lezyA ke pudgaloM kA sambandha hone para AtmA meM aisA pariNAma utpanna hotA hai ki jisase IrSyA, mAyA, kapaTa, nirlajjatA, lobha, dveSa tathA krodha Adi ke bhAva jaga jAte haiN| aisI AtmA tapa aura samyagjJAna se zUnya hotI hai| (3) kApota lezyA-kabUtara ke samavarNI pudgaloM ke saMyoga se AtmA meM bolane, vicArane va kArya karane meM vakratA utpanna hotI hai| nAstika banakara AtmA anArya pravRtti karate hue apane doSoM ko DhaMkatI hai, dUsaroM kI unnati nahIM saha sktii| corI Adi ke karma karatI hai| ukta tInoM lezyAe~ azubha hone se AtmA kI durgati kA kAraNa banatI haiM / aise jIva naraka aura tiryaMca gati meM jAte haiM yadi jIvana ke antima kAla meM unake pariNAma itane azubha hoN| (4) tejo lezyA-isa lezyA ke sambandha se AtmA meM aise pariNAma utpanna hote haiM ki AtmA abhimAna kA tyAga kara mana, vacana aura karma se namra bana jAtI hai / gurujanoM kA vinaya karatI, indriyoM para vijaya pAtI huI pApoM se bhayabhIta hotI hai aura tapa-saMyama meM lagI rahatI hai| (5) padma lezyA-isa lezyA meM sthita AtmA krodhAdi kaSAyoM ko manda kara detI hai / mitabhASI, saumya aura jitendriya banakara azubha pravRttiyoM ko roka detI hai| (6) zukla lezyA- isa lezyA ke prabhAva svarUpa AtmA AtaM, raudra, Jain Educationa International For Personal and Private Use Only
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________________ 116 ] [ karma siddhAnta dhyAna tyAga kara dharmadhyAna aura zukla dhyAna kA abhyAsa karatI hai / alparAga yA vItarAga hokara prazAnta citta vAlI hotI hai| ukta antima tIna lezyAe~ zubha, zubhatara, zubhatama aura zuddha hone se AtmA kI sugati kA kAraNa banatI haiN| ina pariNAmoM meM ramaNa karate hue prAtmA utthAna karatI hai / uparyukta pariNAmoM meM vicarane vAlA prAtmA tadanurUpa karmoM kA bandha karatA aura unheM bhogatA hai| lezyAoM ke do prakAra haiM-dravya lezyA aura bhAva leshyaa| padArthoM ke zubhAzubha varNa, gandha, rasa, sparza aura zabda Adi se AtmA meM zubhAzubha vicAra utpanna hote haiM / zubha zabda, varNa, rUpa Adi ko dekhakara-sunakara aura gandha, sparza ko anubhava karake AtmA meM rAga dazA utpanna hotI hai| yaha varNAdi prAtmA ko anukUla lagate haiM aura AtmA unameM Asakta banakara karmoM meM bandha jAtI hai / isake viparIta azubha varNa, gandha Adi vAle padArthoM ko dekhakara aura anubhava karake unake prati ghRNA utpanna hotI hai, dveSa bhAva jAgrata hotA hai jisase AtmA azubha karmoM se jakar3a jAtI hai| isa prakAra ye bhAva lezyAe~ arthAt AtmA ke zubhAzubha pariNAma karma-bandha ke mUla kAraNa banate haiM / lezyAoM kA vaijJAnika vizleSaNa : ___ muni nathamalajI ne apanI pustaka 'samAdhi kI khoja' prathama bhAga ke pR. 157 meM lezyA va karma sambandhI jo vivecana kiyA hai vaha lezyA aura karma-bandha kA vaijJAnika vizleSaNa hai / unhoMne likhA hai, "jaba lezyA badalatI hai taba parivartana ghaTita hotA hai / jaba mana meM tejo lezyA aura padma lezyA ke bhAva Ate haiM taba taijasa zarIra se srAva hotA hai aura vaha hamArI granthiyoM meM AtA hai| vaha sIdhA rakta ke sAtha mila jAtA hai aura apanA prabhAva DAlatA hai| ina antaHsrAvI granthiyoM ke rasa hamAre samUce svabhAva ko prabhAvita karate haiN| vyakti kA cir3acir3A honA yA prasanna honA, krodhI honA yA zAnta honA, ISyAlu yA udAra honA ina granthiyoM ke vibhinna srAvoM para nirbhara hai| isa prakAra eka jaivika evaM rAsAyanika vizleSaNa se yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki hamAre zubhAzubha pariNAmoM se kisa prakAra rAsAyanika kriyAe~ ghaTita hotI haiM aura kisa prakAra ve hamAre saMvegoM ko prabhAvita karatI haiN| karma kI vibhinna avasthAeM evaM lezyAoM ke prabhAva : 'ThANAMga' sUtra meM eka catubhaMgI hai-(1) eka karma zubha aura usakA vipAka bhI zubha, (2) karma zubha kintu vipAka azubha, (3) karma azubha parantu vipAka zubha, (4) karma azubha aura vipAka bhI azubha / isa caturbhaMgI ko dekhakara Jain Educationa International For Personal and Private Use Only
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________________ karma evaM lezyA ] [ 117 karma siddhAnta kI mAnyatA vAle Azcarya kareMge ki karma zubha hote hue vipAka azubha kaise ? aura karma azubha hote hue vipAka zubha kaise ? / yahA~ karma kI vibhinna avasthAoM kI jAnakArI karA denA Avazyaka hai jo lezyAoM ke phalasvarUpa utpanna hotI haiN| karma kI mukhya avasthAe~ gyAraha haiM-(1) bandha, (2) sattA, (3) udvartana yA utkarSa, (4) apavartana yA apakarSa, (5) saMkramaNa, (6) udaya, (7) udIraNA, (8) upazamana, (6) nidhatti, (10) nikAcita va (11) abAdhAkAla / inameM udvartana, apavartana evaM saMkramaNa kI mahattvapUrNa avasthAe~ lezyAoM kA hI pariNAma haiN| jisa pariNAma vizeSa se jIva karma prakRti ko bA~dhatA hai unakI tIvratA ke kAraNa vaha pUrva baddha sajAtIya prakRti ke dalikoM ko vartamAna meM ba~dhane vAlI prakRti ke dalikoM meM saMkrAnta kara detA hai / badhyamAna karma meM karmAntara kA praveza isI saMkramaNa kA kAraNa hai jo karma ke bandha aura udaya meM antara upasthita kara detA hai, use badala detA hai| udvartana yA utkarSa : AtmA ke sAtha prAbaddha karma kI sthiti aura anubhAga yA rasa AtmA ke tatkAlIna pariNAmoM ke anurUpa hotA hai| parantu isake pazcAt kI sthiti vizeSa athavA bhAva vizeSa ke kAraNa pUrva baddha karma sthiti aura karma kI tIvratA meM vRddhi ho jAnA udvartana hai / lezyA yA prAtmA ke pariNAma se pUrvabaddha sthiti aura rasa adhika tIvra banA diyA jAtA hai| apavartana yA apakarSa : pUrvabaddha karma kI sthiti evaM anubhAga ko kAlAntara meM navIna karmabandha karate samaya nyUna kara denA apavartana hai| yaha AtmA ke navIna badhyamAna karmoM ke samaya ke pariNAmoM meM zuddhatA Ane se ghaTita hotA hai| isa prakAra karma azubha hote hue vipAka zubha ho jAtA hai / aura karma zubha hote hue vipAka azubha ho jAtA hai / yaha AtmA kA puruSArtha hI hai aura usakI prabala zuddha vicAradhArA hai jisase AzcaryakArI parivartana ghaTita hote haiN| hamArA lakSya alezI bananA : jaba taka lezyAe~ haiM taba taka pariNAmoM kI vividhatA rahegI, ataH sAdhaka kA lakSya hotA hai ki vaha alezI bana ske| yaha sthiti sAdhanA aura vairAgya bhAva se utpanna ho sakatI hai| lezyAoM kA pariNamana zubhatara lezyAoM meM karane ke liye svAdhyAya aura dhyAna Avazyaka aMga haiM / samabhAva meM ramaNa karanA, anAsakta bhAvoM se jIvana vyavahAra karanA tathA ina para niyantraNa kA abhyAsa karate rahanA bhavyAtmAoM ke liye alezI banane kA mArga prazasta kara sakatA hai aura karma-bandha kI paramparA ko sadA-sadA ke liye khatma kara sakatA hai| aura yahI zAzvata sukha kA rAjamArga hai|| Jain Educationa International For Personal and Private Use Only