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________________ DaoN. harIndra bhUSaNa jaina anekAnta zodha pITha ( bADavalI-ujjaina) jambUdvIpa aura Adhunika bhaugolika (1) jambUdvIpa - vaidika mAnyatA vaidika logoM ko jambUdvIpa kA jJAna nahIM thA / usa samaya kI bhaugolika sImAe~ nimna prakAra thIM - pUrva kI ora brahmaputra nadI taka gaMgA kA maidAna, uttara-pazcima kI ora hindukuza parvata, pazcima kI ora sindhu nadI, uttara kI ora himAlaya tathA dakSiNa kI ora vindhyagiri / veda meM parvata vizeSa ke nAmoM meM "himavanta" (himAlaya) kA nAma AtA hai / taittirIya AraNyaka ( 117) meM " mahAmeru " kA spaSTa ullekha hai jise kazyapa nAmaka aSTama sUrya kabhI nahIM chor3atA, pratyuta sadA usakI parikramA karatA rahatA hai / isa ullekha se pro0 baladeva upAdhyAya' isa niSkarSa para pahu~ce ki mahAmeru se abhiprAya " uttarI dhruva " hai / vedoM meM samudra zabda kA ullekha hai, kintu pAzcAtya vidvAnoM ke mata meM vaidika loga samudra se paricita nahIM the / bhAratIya vidvAnoM kI dRSTi meM Arya loga na kevala se samudra acchI taraha paricita apitu samudra se utpanna muktA Adi padArthoM kA bhI ve upayoga karate the| ve samudra meM lambI-lambI mAnyatAoM kA tulanAtmaka vivecana 2. vahI, pRSTha 362 / paMcama khaNDa : jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa Jaeducation Internationa yAtrAe~ bhI karate the tathA sau dAr3hoM vAlI lambI jahAja banA lene kI vidyA se bhI paricita the | 2 aitareya brAhmaNa ( 8 / 3 ) meM Arya maNDala ko pAMca bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai jisameM uttara himAlaya ke usa pAra uttara kuru aura uttaramadra nAmaka janapadoM kI sthiti thI / aitareya brAhmaNa ( 8 / 14 ) ke anusAra kucha kuru loga himAlaya ke uttara kI ora bhI rahate the jise 'uttara kuru' kahA gayA haiM / 3 (2) jambUdvIpa-- rAmAyaNa evaM mahAbhAratakAlIna mAnyatA rAmAyaNIya bhUgola -- vAlmIki rAmAyaNa ke bAla, ayodhyA evaM uttara kANDoM meM paryApta bhaugo lika varNana upalabdha hai, kintu kiSkindhAkANDa ke 40 veM sarga se 43 veM sarga taka sugrova dvArA sItA kI khoja meM samasta vAnara - netAoM ko vAnara-senA ke sAtha sampUrNa dizAoM meM bhejane ke prasaMga meM tatkAlIna samasta pRthvI kA varNana upalabdha hai / 1. pro0 valadeva upAdhyAya, 'vaidika sAhitya aura saMskRti', zAradA mandira kAzI, 1955, dazama pariccheda, "vaidika bhUgola tathA Arya nivAsa", pRSTha 355 / 3. vahI, pRSTha 364 / vAlmIki RSi jambUdvIpa, meru tathA himavAn parvata evaM uttarakuru se suparicita the sAdhvIratna kusumavatI abhinandana grantha or Private & Personal Use Only 383 Roge
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________________ 'uttareNa parikramma jambUdvIpaM divaakrH| jambUdvIpa kI pUrva dizA meM kramazaH bhAgIrathI, sarayU dezyoM bhavati bhUyiSThaM zikharaM tanmahocchamam / Adi nadiyA~, brahmamAla, videha, magadha Adi deza -(rAmA. 4/40/58/56) tatpazcAt lavaNasamudra, yavadvIpa (jAvA), suvarNarUpyaka / 'teSAM madhye sthitau rAjA merusattamaparvataH / ' dvIpa (boniyo', zizira parvata, zoNanada, lohit| -(rAmA. /42/38) samudra, kUTazAlmalI, kSIrodasAgara, RSabhaparvata, 'anvIkSya paradAzcaiva himavantaM vicinvaya' sudarzana taDAga, jalauda-sAgara, kanakaprabha parvata, udaya - (rAmA. 4-43-12) parvata tathA saumanasa parvata / isake pazcAt pUrva dizA 'uttarAHkuravastatra kRtapuNyaparizramAH / ' agamya hai / anta meM devaloka hai| -(rAmA. 4-43-28) / jambUdvIpa ke dakSiNa dizA meM kramazaH vindhyaparvata / jaina paramparA meM uttarakuru ko bhogabhUmi kahA narmadA, godAvarI Adi nadiyA~, mekhala, utpala, gayA hai| rAmAyaNa ke tilaka TIkAkAra bhI uttara- dazArNa, avantI, vidarbha, Andhra, cola, pANDya, kerala kuru ko bhogabhUmi kahate haiM Adi deza, malaya parvata, tAmraparNI nadI, mahAnado, KG 'tata Aramya uttarakurudezasya bhogabhUmitvakathanam' mahendra, puSpitaka, sUryavAn, vaidya ta evaM kumAra nAmaka - (rAmA0 4-43-38 para tilaka TIkA) parvata, bhogavatI nagarI, RSabha parvata, tatpazcAt yama jaina sAhitya meM bhogabhUmi kA jaisA varNana prApta kI rAjadhAnI pitRloka / hotA hai vaisA hI varNana uttarakuru kA rAmAyaNa ke jambUdvIpa ke pazcima meM kramazaH saurASTra, bAhabAIsa zlokoM (4-43-38 se 60) meM upalabdha hai| lIka, candracitra (janapada), pazcima samudra, somagiri, unameM se kucha zloka isa prakAra haiM pArimAla, vajramahAgiri, cakravAta tathA varAha 'nityapuSpaphalAstatra nagAH patrasthAkulAH / (parvata) prAgjyotiSapura, sarva sauvarNa, meru evaM astA-13 divyagandharasasparzAH sarvakAmAna sravanti ca / / cala (parvata) aura anta meM varuNa lok| nAnAkarANi vAsAMsi phalantyanye nagottamAH / isI prakAra jambUdvIpa ke uttara meM kramazaH himasarve sukRtarmANaH sarve ratiparAyaNAH / vAt (parvata) bharata, kuru, bhadra, kamboja, yavana, zaka sarve kAmArthasahitA vasanti sahayoSitaH / / (deza), kAla, sudarzana, devasakhA, kailAsa, krauMca, 69 tatra nAmuditaH kazcinmAtra kazcidAtpriyaH / mainAka (parvata), uttarakuru deza tathA somagiri aura ahanyahavivardhante guNAstatra manoramAH / / aMta meM brahmaloka / / -(rAmA. 4-43, 43-52) mahAbhAratIya bhUgola-mahAbhArata ke bhISma pro0 esa0 ema0 alI, bhUtapUrva adhyakSa, bhUgola Adi, sabhA, vana, azvamegha evaM udyoga poM meM bhArata vibhAga, sAgara vizvavidyAlaya, rAmAyaNIya-jambU- kA bhaugolika varNana upalabdha hai / tadanusAra jambUdvIpa kI sthiti pRthvI ke bIca meM mAnate haiM jo ki dvIpa aura krauMca dvIpa meru ke pUrva meM tathA zaka dvIpa bhUgola kI jaina paramparA se paryApta mela khAtI hai| meru ke uttara meM hai| rAmAyaNa ke kiSkindhAkANDa meM jambUdvIpa kA mahAbhAratIya bhUgola meM pRthvI ke madhya meM meru / jo varNana upalabdha hotA hai vaha isa prakAra hai- parvata hai| isakI uttara dizA meM pUrva se pazcima taka 1 zrI esa0 ema0 alI epha0 ena0 Aya0 'di jyAgraphI Apha di purAnsa,' pIpulsa pablIziMga hAusa, naI dillI, 1643, pRSTha 21-23 / (saMkSipta rUpa-'jiyo0 Apha purANAsa)' / paMcama khaNDa : jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa : 538 sAdhvIratna kusumavatI abhinandana grantha Jain Ellion International
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________________ phaile kramazaH bhadravarSa, ilAvarSa tathA uttarakuru haiN| (4) jambUdvIpa-jaina mAnyatA tatpazcAt punaH uttara kI ora kramazaH nIla parvata, samasta jaina purANa, tattvArtha sUtra (tRtIya zveta varSa, zveta parvata, hiraNyaka varSa, zRMgavAn adhyAya), triloka prajJapti Adi meM samasta vizva parvata haiN| pazcAt airAvata varSa aura bhIra kA bhaugolika varNana upalabdha hotA hai| loka ke samudra hai| isI prakAra meru ke dakSiNa meM pazcima se tIna vibhAga kiye gaye haiM-adholoka, madhyaloka pUrva taka phaile hue ketumAla varSa evaM jambUdvIpa haiN| tathA Urdhvaloka / meru parvata ke Upara Urdhvaloka, pazcAt punaH dakSiNa kI ora kramazaH niSadha parvata, nIce adholoka evaM meru kI jar3a se coTI paryanta harivarSa, hemakUTa yA kailAza, himavatavarSa, himA- madhyaloka hai| laya parvata, bhAratavarSa tathA lavaNa samudra hai|' yaha madhyaloka ke madhya meM jambUdvIpa hai, jo lavaNa samudra varNana jaina bhaugolika paramparA ke bahuta nikaTa hai| se ghirA hai / lavaNa samudra ke cAroM ora dhAtakIkhaNDa (3) jambUdvIpa-paurANika mAnyatA nAmaka mahAdvIpa hai| dhAtakIkhaNDa dvIpa ko kAloprAyaH samasta hindU purANoM meM pRthvI aura usase dadhi samudra veSTita kiye hue hai / anantara puSkaravara sambandhita dvIpa, samudra, parvata, nadI, kSetra Adi kA dvIpa, puSkaravara samudra Adi asaMkhyAta dvIpa samudra varNana upalabdha hotA hai| purANoM meM pRthvI ko sAta haiM / puSkaravaradvIpa ke madhya meM mAnuSottara parvata hai dvIpa-samudroM vAlA mAnA gayA hai| ye dvIpa aura jisase isa dvIpa ke do bhAga ho gaye haiM / ataH jambUsamudra kramazaH eka-dUsare ko gherate cale gaye haiN| dvIpa, dhAtakIkhaNDa dvIpa aura puSkarAdha dvIpa inheM isa bAta se prAyaH sabhI purANa sahamata haiM ki manuSya kSetra kahA gayA hai| jambUdvIpa pRthvI ke madhya meM sthita hai aura lavaNa jambUdvIpa kA AkAra thAlI ke samAna gola hai| samudra use mere hue hai| anya dvIpa samudroM ke nAma isakA vistAra eka lAkha yojana hai| isake bIca aura sthiti ke bAre meM sabhI pUrANa ekamata nahIM meM eka lAkha cAlIsa yojana U~cA meru parvata hai| haiM / bhAgavata, garur3a, vAmana, brahma, mArkaNDeya, liMga, manuSya kSetra ke pazcAt chaha dvIpa-samudroM ke nAma isa kUrma, brahmANDa, agni, vAyu, devI tathA viSNu purANoM prakAra haiM-varuNavara dvIpa-varuNavara samudra, ke anusAra sAta dvIpa aura samudra kramazaH isa prakAra kSIravara dvIpa-kSIravara samudra, ghRtavaradvIpa-ghRtavara samudra, ikSuvaradvIpa-ikSavara samudra, nandIzvara-dvIpa1-jambUdvIpa tathA lavaNa samudra, nandIzvara samudra, aruNavaradvIpa, aruNavara samudra, 2-plakSa dvIpa tathA ikSu sAgara, isa prakAra svayaMbhUramaNa samudra paryanta asaMkhyAta 3-zAlmalI dvIpa tathA surA sAgara, dvIpa samudra haiN| 4-kuzadvIpa tathA sapiSu sAgara, __ jambUdvIpa ke antargata sAta kSetra, chaha kulA5.-krauMca dvIpa tathA dadhisAgara, cala aura caudaha nadiyA~ haiN| himavAn, mahAhima6-zaka dvIpa tathA kSIra sAgara aura vAn, niSadha, nIla, rukmo aura zikharI ye chaha 7-puSkara dvIpa tathA svAdu' sAgara kulAcala haiN| ye pUrva se pazcima taka lambe haiM / ye 1 zrI esa0 ema0 alI, "di jyAgrAphI Apha da purAnsa' pR0 32 tathA pR0 32-33 ke madhya meM sthita, citra ma saM02 'di varlDa Apha mahAbhArata-DAyanAmeTika' / 2 "jiyo oNpha purAnsa" pRSTha-38, adhyAya-dvitIya-"purANika kAnTInenTsa eNDa aushns"| paMcama khaNDa : jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa 00-600 sAdhvIratna kusumavatI abhinandana grantha 6000 385 Loucation International
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________________ jina sAta kSetroM ko vibhAjita karate haiM unake nAma (5) jambUdvIpa-prAcIna evaM Adhunika bhaugolika ! haiM-bharata, haimavata, hari, videha, ramyaka, hairaNyavata mAnyatAoM kA tulanAtmaka vivecana aura airAvata / ina sAtoM kSetroM meM bahane vAlI caudaha (ka) saptadvIpa-viSNu purANa, matsya purANa | nadiyoM ke kramazaH sAta yugala haiM, jo isa prakAra haiM- vAyupurANa aura brahmANDa purANa prabhRti purANoM meM gaMgA, sindhu, rohita-rohitAsyA, honta-hAra- saptadvIpa aura saptasAgara vasundharA kA varNana AyA kAntA, sItA-sItodA, nArI-narakAntA, suvarNakUlA hai| vaha varNana jaina harivaMza purANa aura Adi-K rupyakulA tathA rktaa-rktodaa| ina nadI yugaloM meM para purANa kI apekSA bahuta bhinna hai| mahAbhArata meM se pratyeka yugala kI pahalI-pahalI nadI pUrva samudra teraha dvIpoM kA ullekha hai| jaina mAnyatAnusAra ko jAtI hai aura dUsarI-dUsarI nadI pazcima pratipAdita asaMkhya dvIpa-samadroM meM jamba, krauMca samudra ko| aura puSkara dvIpa ke nAma vaidika purANoM meM sarvatra bharata kSetra kA vistAra pA~ca sau chabbIsa sahI hA Ae haiN| chaha baTe unnIsa yojana hai / videha paryanta parvata aura samudroM ke varNana ke viSNu purANa meM jala ke svAda kSetroM kA vistAra bharatakSetra ke vistAra se dUnA- ke AdhAra para sAta samudra batalAe haiM / jaina paramparA danA hai| uttara ke kSetra aura parvatoM kA vistAra meM bhI asaMkhyAta samudroM ko jala ke svAda ke AdhAra dakSiNa ke kSetra aura parvatoM ke samAna haiN| para sAta hI vargoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai| lavaNa, jambUdvIpa ke antargata devakuru aura uttarakuru sUrA, ghata, dugdha, zubhodaka, ikSa aura madhura jala / nAmaka do bhogabhUmiyA~ haiN| uttarakuru kI sthiti ina sAta vargoM meM samasta samudra vibhakta haiN| viSNa sItodA nadI ke taTa para hai| yahA~ nivAsiyoM kI purANa meM 'dadhi' kA nirdeza hai, jaina paramparA meM ise icchAoM kI pUrti kalpavRkSoM se hotI hai| inake 'zubhodaka' kahate haiN| ataH jala ke svAda kI dRSTimA atirikta haimavata, hari, ramyaka tathA hairaNyavata kSetra meM sAta prakAra kA vargIkaraNa donoM hI paramparAoM bhI bhogabhUmiyA~ haiN| zeSa bharata, airAvata aura meM pAyA jAtA hai| videha (devakuru aura uttarakuru ko chor3akara) karma- jisa prakAra vaidika paurANika mAnyatA meM bhUmiyA~ haiN| antima dvIpa puSkaravara hai, usI prakAra jaina mAnyatA bharatakSetra himavAn kulAcala ke dakSiNa meM meM bhI manuSya loka kA sopAna vahI puSkarArdha haiN| parva-pazcimI samudroM ke bIca sthita hai| isa kSetra meM tulanA karane se pratIta hotA hai ki manuSya loka kI sukozala, avantI, pUNDa, azmaka, kuru, kAzI, sImA mAnakara hI vaidika mAnyatAoM meM dvIpoM kA kaliga, baMga, aMga, kAzmIra, vatsa, pAMcAla, kathana kiyA gayA hai| isa prakAra jaina paramparA meM mAlava, kaccha, magadha, vidarbha, mahArASTra, saurASTra, mAnya jambU, dhAtakI aura puSkarArdha, ina DhAI dvIpoMsa koMkaNa, Andhra, karnATaka, kauzala, cola, kerala, meM vaidika paramparA meM mAnya saptadvIpa samAviSTa ho / zUrasena, videha, gAndhAra, kAmboja, bAlhIka, jAte haiM / yadyapi krauMca dvIpa kA nAma donoM mAnyataruSka, zaka, kaikaya Adi dezoM kI racanA mAnI jAmasAja pAyA hai.7 zAna niyA gaI hai| kI dRSTi se donoM meM bhinnatA hai| DA0 nemicandra zAstrI-"AdipurANa meM pratipAdita bhArata", gaNezaprasAda varNI granthamAlA vArANasI,1668, paSTha 36-64: AdipurANa meM: pratipAdita bhagola prathama pariccheda tathA tattvArthasUtra kI sarvArthasiddhi TIkA, sampA daka paM0 phUlacandra zAstrI, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, kAzI, 1965, tRtIya adhyAya, pRSTha 211-222 / / 2 DA0 nemicandra zAstrI 'AdipurANa meM pratipAdita bhArata', pRSTha 36-40 / paMcama khaNDa : jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa 386 000 sAdhvIratna kusumavatI abhinandana grantha Jain E l international Cate&Personaruse Only
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________________ bauddha paramparA meM kevala cAra dvIpa mAne gae haiN| (ga) jambU (iNDiyA), kauMca (eziyA mAinara), samudra meM eka golAkAra sone kI thAlI para svarNa- gomeda (koma DI TAraTarI-Kome die Tartary), - maya sumerugiri sthita haiN| sumeru ke cAroM ora puSkara (turkistAna), zaka (sIthiyA), kuza (IrAna, / sAta parvata aura sAta samudra haiN| ina sAta svarNamaya arebiyA tathA ithiyopiyA), plakSa (grIsa) tathA 0 parvatoM ke bAhara kSIrasAgara hai aura kSIrasAgara meM zAlmalI (sarameTiyA Sarmatia)4 cAra dvIpa avasthita haiM-kuru, godAna, videha aura kintu prasiddha bhAratIya bhUgolazAstrI DA0 jambU / ina dvIpoM ke atirikta choTe-choTe aura bhI esa0 ema0 alI uparyukta cAroM matoM se sahamata HD do hajAra dvIpa haiM / nahIM haiM / purANoM meM prApta tattatpradeza kI AvahanA Adhunika bhaugolika mAnyatA (climate) tathA vanaspatiyoM (Vegetation) ke paurANika saptadvIpoM kI Adhanika bhaugolika vizeSa adhyayana se sapta dvIpoM kI Adhunika pahacAna pahacAna (Identification) tathA sthiti ke viSaya meM ke viSaya meM ve jisa niSkarSa para pahu~ce vaha isa do prakAra ke mata pAe jAte haiM / prathama mata ke anusAra prakAra haisaptadvIpa (jambU, plakSa, zAlmalI, kuza, krauMca, jambUdvIpa (bhArata), zaka dvIpa (malAyA, zyAma, zaka tathA puSkara) kramazaH Adhunika vaha mahAdvIpa- iNDo-cIna, tathA cIna kA dakSiNa pradeza), kuza dvIpa eziyA, yoropa, aphrIkA, AsTreliyA,uttarI ame- (IrAna, IrAka), plakSa dvIpa (bhUmadhyasAgara kA rikA tathA dakSiNI amerikA evaM eNTArkaTikA paThAra), puSkaradvIpa (skaiNDineviyana pradeza, phinalai (dakSiNI dhra va pradeza) kA pratinidhitva karate haiN| yuropiyana rUsa kA uttarI pradeza tathA sAiberiyA) dvitIya mata ke anusAra ye saptadvIpa pRthvI ke zAlmalI dvIpa (aphrIkA, IsTa-iMDIja, meDAgAskara) Adhunika vibhinna pradezoM ke pUrvarUpa haiN| isameM bhI tathA krauJca dvIpa (kRSNa sAgara kA kchaar)| tIna mata pradhAna haiN| (kha) meru parvata-jaina paramparA meM meru ko (ka) jambU (iNDiyA), plakSa (arAkAna tathA jambUdvIpa kI nAbhi kahA hai-'tanmadhye merurnAbhi to 6 varmA), kuza (sunda ArcIpilAgo), zAlmalI (malAyA yojanazatasahasraviSkambho jambUdvIpaH' (tattvArtha sUtra prAyadvIpa), kauMca (dakSiNI iNDiyA), zaka (kamboja) 3/9) arthAt meru, jambUdvIpa ke bilkula madhya meM tathA puSkara (uttarI cIna tathA maMgoliyA hai| isakI UMcAI 1 lAkha 40 yojana hai / isameM se (kha) jambU (iNDiyA), kuru (IrAna), plakSa eka hajAra yojana jamIna meM hai, cAlIsa yojana kI (eziyA mAinara), zAlmalI (madhya yoropa), krauMca anta meM coTI hai aura zeSa ninyAnave hajAra yojana (pazcima yoropa), zaka (briTiza dvIpa samUha) tathA samatala se cUlikA taka hai| prArambha meM jamIna para puSkara (AIsalaiNDa) meru parvata kA vyAsa dasa hajAra yojana hai jo Upara 1 eca0 sI0 rAyacaudharI-"sTaDIja ina iNDiyana eNTIkvITIja, 66, 1STha 5 / 2 kaula girinI-'risarceja Ana peTolemIja' jyAgrAphI Apha IsTarna eziyA ( , pRSTha 725 / 3 epha0 vilphorDa-'eziyATika risarceja' vAlyU08, pRSTha 267-346 / 4 vI0 vI0 ayyara--'da sevana dvipAja Apha da purAnsa'-da kvATaralI janarala Apha di mithIkala sosAyaTI (landana), vAlyUma-15, naM0 1, pR0 62, naM0 2, pR0 116-127, naM0 3, pR0 238-45, vA0 11) naM04, pR0 273-82 / 5 DA0 esa0 ema0 alI, 'jio Apha purAnsa', pR0 36-46 (adhyAya 2 purAnika kAnTInenTsa eNDa oshns)| 387 paMcama khaNDa : jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa o sAdhvIratna kusumavatI abhinandana grantha ucation International Per Private & Personal Use Only www.jaineriorary.org
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________________ krama se ghaTatA gayA hai / meru parvata ke tIna kANDa yojana hai, jisameM se 16 hajAra yojana pRthvI ke haiN| pratyeka kANDa ke anta meM eka-eka kaTanI hai| nIce aura caurAsI hajAra yojana pRthvI ke Upara yaha cAra vanoM se suzobhita haiM-eka jamIna para hai| coTI para usakA gherA batIsa hajAra yojana ina tIna kaTAniyoM para / inake krama se tathA mala meM solaha hajAra yojana hai. ataH isakA (5 nAma haiM-bhadrazAla, nandana, saumanasa aura paanndduk| AkAra aisA pratIta hotA hai mAno yaha pRthvI rUpI ina cAroM vanoM meM, cAroM dizAoM meM eka-eka vana kamala kA 'kamalagaTTA' (Seedcup) ho| padmameM cAra-cAra isa hisAba se solaha caityAlaya haiN| purANa ke anusAra isakA AkAra dhatUre ke puSpa pANDukavana meM cAroM dizAoM meM cAra pANDuka jaisA ghaNTe ke AkAra (Bell shape) kA hai / vAyuzilAe~ haiM, jina para usa dizA ke kSetroM meM utpanna purANa ke anusAra cAroM dizAoM meM phailI isakI hue tIrthaMkaroM kA abhiSeka hotA hai| isakA raMga zAkhAoM ke varNa pUrva, dakSiNa, pazcima aura uttara pIlA hai| meM kramazaH zveta, pIta, kRSNa aura rakta hai / sIlona ___ vedoM meM meru nahIM hai| taittirIya AraNyaka ke buddhiSTa logoM ke anusAra meru kA gherA sarvatra (1-7-1-3) meM 'mahAmeru' hai kintu isakI pahacAna eka jaisA hai / nepAlI paramparA ke anusAra meru kA ke bAre meM kucha bhI ullekha nahIM hai| rAmAyaNa, AkAra Dhola jaisA hai / mahAbhArata, bauddha evaM jaina Agama sAhitya meM isake Adhanika bhaugolika mAnyatA parimANa tathA sthAna ke bAre meM prAyaH eka jaise hI meru kI uparyukta sthiti ko dhyAna meM rakhate va kathana upalabdha haiN| hae aba hameM usake vartamAna svarUpa aura sthAna ke paraziyana, grIka, cAyanIja, jyUja tathA arabI viSaya meM vicAra karanA caahie| loga bhI apane-apane dharmagranthoM meM meru kA varNana pana-apana dhamagranthI meM meru kA varNana himAlaya tathA usake pAra ke kSetra (Himalkarate haiM / nAma evaM sthAna Adi ke viSaya meM bheda ayan and Trans-Himalayan Zone) meM pAMca hote hue bhI kendrIya vicAradhArA vahI hai jaisA unnata pradeza haiN| purANoM meM prApta meru ke vivaraNa ke hindU-purANoM meM isakA varNana hai| jorosTriyana AdhAra para, ina unnata pradezoM kI tulanA meru se kI dharmagrantha ke anusAra ala-burja (Al-Burj) nAmaka jA sakatI hai| ye pradeza hai : parvata ne hI pRthvI ke samasta parvatoM ko janma diyA 1. karAkorama (Kara-Koram) parvata zRMkha- 6 aura isI se vizva ko jala se AplAvita karane lAoM se ghirA kSetra, vAlI nadiyAM nikalIM / yahI ala-burja meru hai| 2. dhaulagiri (Dhaulgiri) parvata zRMkhalAoM cAinIja logoM kA vizvAsa hai ki siga liMga' se ghirA kSetra, (Tsing-Ling) hI meru parvata hai| isI se vizva ke 3. evaresTa (Everest) parvata zrRMkhalAoM se samasta parvata aura nadiyAM nikliiN|| ghirA kSetra, ___ meru ke parimANa aura AkAra ke viSaya meM 4. himAlaya Arksa (Himalayan Arcs) tathA viSNupurANa meM ullekha hai ki sabhI dvIpoM ke madhya kuna-luna (Kun-lun) parvata se ghirA huA tibbata 2 meM jambUdvIpa hai aura jambUdvIpa ke madhya meM svarNa kA paThAra, tathA giri meru hai| isakI samasta UMcAI eka lAkha 5. hindUkuza (Hindukush) karAkorama, TInad 1 sarvArthasiddhi' bhAratIya jJAnapITha, kAzI, tRtIya adhyAya, pRSTha 211-222 AL 2 DA0 esa0 ema0 alI-jio Apha pUrAnsa adhyAya-3 (di mAunTena sisTama Apha vi pUrAnsa pRSTha-47-48 388 paMcama khaNDa : jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa -ee ( 8 sAdhvIratna kusumavatI abhinandana granthaOR650 Jain Elation International Gorisivate & Rersonal Use Only
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________________ zAna (Tien shan) tathA elAipAra parvata zrRMkhalA (Trans Ali system) kI barpha se DhakI coTiyoM se ghirA pAmIra kA unnata paThAra / ina pAMcoM unnata pradezoM meM se 'pAmIra ke paThAra' se meru kI tulanA karanA aura bhI adhika sahI aura yuktayukta pratIta hotA hai / pAmIra aura meru meM nAma kA bhI sAdRzya hai / pA= mIra = meru / yadi pAmIra ke paThAra se meru kI tulanA sahI hai to purANoM meM pratipAdita jambUdvIpa ke pArzvavartI pradhAna parvatoM kI bhI pahicAna kI jA sakatI hai / purANoM ke anusAra meru ke uttara meM tIna parvata haiM- nIla, zveta (jaina paramparA ke anusAra " rukmI") aura zrRMgavAn (jai0 pa0 zikharI) ye tInoM parvata, ramyaka, hiraNmaya ( jai0 pa0 hairaNyavat) tathA kuru ( jai0 pa0 airAvat ) kSa etroM ke sImAnta parvata haiM / isI prakAra meru ke dakSiNa meM bhI tIna parvata haiM - niSadha, hemakUTa (jai0 pa0 mahAhimavAn ) tathA himavAn (ye tInoM parvata) himavarSa (jai. ma. hari ) kimpuruSa ( jai0 pa0 hemavata) aura bhAratavarSa (jai0 pa0 bharata) kSetroM sImAnta parvata haiM / ye chahoM parvata pUrva aura pazcima meM lavaNa samudra taka phaile haiM / jaina paramparA ke anusAra bhI meru ke uttara meM tIna varSadhara parvata hai-nIla, rukmI aura zikharI / donoM (jaina - vaidika) paramparAoM meM kevala nIla parvatamAlA kA hI nAma sAdRzya nahIM hai, apitu rukmI (zveta) aura zikharI (zrRMgavAn) parvatamAlA kA bhI nAma sAdRzya hai / ina parvatoM kI Adhunika bhaugolika tulanA hama vibhinna parvatamAlAoM se kara cuke haiM / ina parvatamAlAoM tathA uttarI samudra (Arka ina sabhI parvatoM kI tulanA vartamAna bhUgola se Tika ozana) arthAt lavaNa samudra ke bIca kramazaH isa prakAra kI jA sakatI hai : 1. zrRMgavAn ( zikharI) kI karAtAu - kiragIja vartamAna parvata zrRMkhalA (Kara Tau Kirghis Ket - man Chain) hai| 2. zveta ( rukmI) kI nUrA tAu - turkistAna atabAsI parvata zrRMkhalA (Nura Tau - Turkistan Atbasi Chain) se, 5. hemakUTa ( mahAhimavAn ) kI laddAkha - kailAzaTrAnsa himAlayana parvata zrRMkhalA (Laddakh-Kailash-Trans-Himalayan chain) se, tathA 6. himavAn kI himAlaya parvata zrRMkhalA ( Great Himalayan Range ) se 11 (ga) jambUdvIpa - jaisA ki hama pahale kaha cuke haiM, purANoM meM meru (pAmIra) ke uttara meM kramazaH tIna parvatamAlAe~ haiM jo pUrva-pazcima lambI hainIla, jo ki meru ke sabase nikaTa aura sabase lambI parvata mAlA hai, zveta, jo ki nIla se kucha choTI aura usase uttara kI ora Age hai, tathA antima zrRMgavAn, jo ki sabase choTI tathA zveta se uttara kI ora Age hai / ain Education International nIla aura zveta ( rukmI) ke bIca ramyaka yA ramaNaka (jaina paramparA meM ramyaka) varSa, zveta aura zRMgavAn (jai0 pa0 meM zikharI) ke bIca hiraNmaya yA hiraNyaka ( jai0 pa0 meM hairaNyamAn ) tathA zrRMgavAna (jaina para0 meM airAvata) nAma ke varSa kSetra hai / 2 jambUdvIpa kA uttarI kSetra 3. nIla kA jaraphazAna TrAnsa AlAi - TInazAna parvata zrRMkhalA se, (Zarafshan - Trans Alei Tien - shn Chain) / sabase pahale hama ramyaka kSetra ko lete haiM / jaina paramparA meM bhI isakA nAma ramyaka varSa kSetra hai / isake dakSiNa meM nIla tathA uttara meM zveta parvata hai / hamArI pahacAna ke anusAra nIla, nUra tAu -- turkistAna 4. niSadha kI hindukuza tathA kunaluna parvata parvata mAlAe~ hai aura zveta, jaraphasAna - hisAra zrRMkhalA se / parvata mAlAe~ haiM / 1 DA0 esa0 ema0 alI 'jio0 Apha purAnsa" pR0 50 se 58 taka / 2 DA0 esa0 ema0 alI - "jio0 Apha purAnsa" adhyAya- 5, 'rIjansa Apha jambUdvIpa- nArdana rIjansa pRSTha 73 / paMcama khaNDa : jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa 386 sAdhvIratna kusumavatI abhinandana grantha
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________________ yaha prasiddha hai ki eziyA ke bhU-bhAga meM ati artha hai-hiraNyavatI kA artha hai-jahA~ suvarNa prApta prAcInakAla meM do rAjyoM kI sthApanA huI thI- ho, suvarNakUlA artha hai-jisake taTa para suvarNa ho Aksasa nadI (oxus River) ke kachAra meM baikTriyA aura jaraphazAna kA artha hai-suvarNa ko phailAne ro (Bactria)tathA jaraphasAna nadI aura kazakA dariyA vAlI (Scatterer of Gold) / (River Jarafshan and Kaska Daria) ke kachAra meM tRtIya kSetra, jo ki zRMgavAn parvata ke uttara sogadiyAnA (Sogdiana) rAjya Aja se 2500 meM hai, uttarakuru hai| jaina paramparA meM ise airAvata zrA yA 2000 varSa pUrva ye donoM rAjya atyanta ghane rUpa parvata kahA gayA hai| yaha pradeza Adhunika iTiza 5 se vase the / yahA~ ke nivAsI utkRSTa khetI karate the| (Irtish) dI auba (The Ob) izIma (Ishim) in yahA~ nahareM thiiN| vyApAra aura hastakalA kauzala meM tathA Tobola (Tobol) nadiyoM kA kachAra pradeza hai| bhI ye rAjya pravINa the| dUsare zabdoM meM Adhunika bhaugolika vargIkaraNa ke 4 __ aisA kahA jAtA hai ki "samarakanda" kI anusAra yaha kSetra sAiberiyA kA pazcimI pradeza hai| sthApanA 3000 I0 pU0 haI thii| ataH "soga- isa prakAra jambUdvIpa kA yaha uttarI kSetra eka bhI diyAnA" ko hama mAnava saMsthiti kA sabase bahuta lambe pradeza ko gheratA hai jo ki urAla parvata prAcIna saMsthAna kaha sakate haiN| "sogadiyAnA" kA aura kaispiyana sAgara se lekara yenIsAi nadI nIla aura zveta parvatamAlAoM se tathA paDausI (Yenisai River U.S.S.R.) taka tathA turkistAna / rAjya, baikTriyA (ketumAla) jisakA Age varNana TIna zAna parvatamAlA se lekara ArkaTika samudrataTa karage, se vizeSa sambandhoM para vicAra karane para dama taka jAtA hai| isa niSkarSa para paha~cate haiM ki paurANika "ramyaka jambUdvIpa kA pazcimI kSetra-ketumAla varSa prAcInakAla kA "sogadiyAnA" rAjya hai| / meru (pAmIrsa) kA pazcima pradeza ketumAla hai| bukhArA kA eka jilA pradeza, jisakA eka nAma - jaina bhUgola ke anusAra yaha videha kA pazcima bhAga "rometana" (Rometan) hai, sambhavataH "ramyaka" kA hai| isake dakSiNa meM niSadha aura uttara meM nIla hI apabhraMza hai| parvata hai| niSadha parvata ko Adhanika bhagola ke ana-19 sAra hindUkuza tathA kunaluna parvatamAlA (HindudUsarA kSetra jo ki zveta aura zRMgavAn parvata- Kush Kunlun) mAnA gayA hai| yaha ketumAla pradeza mAlAoM ke madhya sthita hai, hiraNyavat hai / hiraNya- cakSanadI (Oxus River) tathA AmU dariyA kA ra vat kA artha hai suvarNamAlA pradeza / jaina paramparA meM kachAra hai| isake pazcima meM kaispiyana sAgara ise "hairaNyavat" kahA gayA hai| isa kSetra meM bahane (Caspian Sea) hai jisameM Alpasa nadI akAra | vAlI nadI kA paurANika nAma hai "hirnnyvtii"| milatI hai| usake uttara-pazcima meM turAna kA ra Adhunika jaraphazAna nadI isI pradeza meM bahatI hai| registAna hai| isa pradeza ko hindU purANa meM ilAsa jaina paramparA ke anusAra isa nadI kA nAma suvarNa- varta kahA gayA hai| isa pradeza meM sItodA nadI kUlA hai / yaha eka mahatvapUrNa bAta hai ki hiraNyavatI, bahatI hai| isI pradeza meM baikTriyA rAjya thA suvarNakUlA aura jaraphazAna tInoM ke lagabhaga eka hI jise hama pahale kaha cuke haiN| 1. DA0 esa0 ema0 alI-jio0 Apha pUrAnsa pRSTha 83.87 (adhyAya paMcama rIjansa Apha jambUdvIpa, nArdana rIjansa-ramaNaka, hiraNyamaya eNDa uttarakuru) 2. vahI pRSTha 88-68 (adhyAya 6, rIjansa Apha jambUdvIpa ketumAla) paMcama khaNDa : jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa 27568 sAdhvIratna kusumavatI abhinandana grantha Jain station International Sorivate & Personal Use Only
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________________ - jambUdvIpa kA pUrvI kSetra-bhadravarSa (gha) jambUdvIpa aura bhAratavarSa : paurANika mA meru ke pUrva kA yaha pradeza bhadravarSa ke nAma se itihAsa-viSNupurANa (2-1) ke anusAra svayaMbha ) hindU purANoM meM kahA gayA hai| jaina bhUgola ke anu- manu ke do putra the priyavrata aura uttAnapAda / priya. A sAra yaha videha kA pUrvI bhAga hai| isake uttara meM vrata ne samasta pRthvI ke sAta bhAga (saptadvIpa) Tra nIla (Tien Shan Range) tathA dakSiNa meM niSadha karake unheM apane sAta putroM meM bA~Ta diyA-. . (Hindu Kush-Kunlun) parvatamAlA hai| isake agnIdhra ko jambUdvIpa, maudhAtithi ko plakSa, pazcima meM devakaTa aura pUrva meM pUrva samudra hai| amuSyat ko zAlmalI, jyotiSmat ko kuza, kA Adhunika bhUgola ke anusAra yaha pradeza tarIma pulimat ko krauMca, madhva ko zaka aura zabala ko ke tathA hvAMgaho (Tarim and Hwang-Ho) nadiyoM puSkara dviip| kachAra hai| dUsare zabdoM meM sampUrNa sikyiAMga jambUdvIpa ke rAjA agnIdhra ke nau putra the / (Sikiang) tathA uttara-cIna pradeza isameM samAviSTa unhoMne jambU deza ke nau bhAga karake unheM apane nau hai| yahA~ sItA nadI bahatI hai / saMkSepa meM hama kaha putroM meM bA~Ta diyA-himavan kA dakSiNa bhAga hima sakate haiM ki isa bhadravarSa (pUrva videha) pradeza ke (bhAratavarSa) nAbhi ko diyaa| isI prakAra hemakUTa kA antargata uttarI cIna, dakSiNI cIna tathA tsiga simpuruSa ko, niSadha harivarSa ko, meru ke madhya vAlA liMga (Tsing Ling) parvata kA dakSiNI bhAga AtA bhAga ilAvRSa ko, isa pradeza aura nIla parvata ke hai| yahA~ ke nivAsI pIta varNa ke haiN| madhya vAlA bhAga rAya ko, isake uttara vAlA zveta ___Adhunika bhUgola ke anusAra isa nadI kA nAma pradeza hiraNyavata ko, zRMgavAn parvata se ghirA zveta kijila sU (Kizil-Su) hai / / kA uttara pradeza kuru ko, meru ke pUrva kA pradeza jambUdvIpa kA dakSiNI kSetra bhadra ko tathA gandhamAdava evaM meru ke pazcima kA jambUdvIpa ke dakSiNa pradeza kA varNana meru ke pradeza ketumAla ko diyaa| prasaMga meM diyA jA cukA hai| tadanusAra meru nAbhi ke sau putra the unameM jyeSTha bharata the| (pAmIra) ke dakSiNa meM niSadha, hemakUTa (jaina para- nAbhi ne apane pradeza "hima" arthAt bhAratavarSa ko 10) mparA meM mahAhimavAn) tathA himavAn parvata hai aura nau bhAgoM meM vibhakta karake apane ko putroM bA~Ta || ina parvatoM se vibhAjita kSetra ke nAma haiM, kramazaH diyaa| mArkaNDeya purANa ke anusAra bhAratavarSa ke ye 12 himavarSa (jaina paramparA meM hari) kimpuruSa (jaina nau bhAga isa prakAra hai-indradvIpa, tAmraparNa, paramparA meM haimavata) aura bhAratavarSa (jaina paramparA matimAn, nAva dvIpa, saumya, gandharva,varuNa tathA kumAmeM bhrt)| rikA yA byaarii| yaha sabhI pradeza meru (pAmIrsa) se lekara hinda jaina paramparA ke anusAra nAbhi aura marudevI mahAsAgara taka kA samajhanA caahie| bhArata ke ke putra, RSabha, prathama yugapuruSa the| unhoMne vizva || dakSiNa tathA pUrva-pazcima meM jo kramazaH hinda mahA- ko asi, masi, kRSi, kalA, vANijya aura zilpa sAgara evaM prazAnta tathA araba sAgara haiM vahIM lavaNa rUpa saMskRti pradAna kii| unake eka sau eka putra samudra hai| the| inameM bharata aura bAhubalI pradhAna the / saMsAra (2 MR.MRITAT/ R 1. DA. esa. ema. alI, "jio0 Apha purAnsa" pR0 66-108, adhyAya-7, rIjansa oNpha jambUdvIpa bhAdravarSa / paMcama khaNDa : jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa 6. sAdhvIratna kusumavatI abhinandana granthaORG ducation Internationen Sor Private & Personal Use Only www.janwaerary.org
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________________ C se virata hokara dIkSA grahaNa karane se pUrva RSabha ne vaidika AryoM ne paMjAba pradeza ko 'saptasiMdhava' mA sampUrNa pRthvI kA rAjya apane samasta putroM ko bAMTa nAma diyA / bodhAyana aura manu ke samaya meM AryoM I diyA / bAhubalI ko potanapura kA rAjya milaa| ne isa kSetra ko 'AryAvarta' nAma diyaa| Dairibharata cakravartI samrATa hue jinake nAma se yaha yasa (Darius) tathA heroDoTsa (Herodous) ne bhAratavarSa prasiddha huaa| sindhu ghATI tathA gaMgA ke UparI pradeza ko 'iNDa' isa paurANika AkhyAna se tIna bAteM spaSTataH yA 'iNDU' (hindU) nAma diyaa| kAtyAyana aura pratIta hotI haiM megAsthanIja ne sudUra dakSiNa meM pAMDya rAjya taka phaile (a) kisI eka mUla srota se vizva kI mAnava sampUrNa deza kA varNana kiyA hai| rAmAyaNa tathA jAti kA prArambha huaa| yaha bAta Adhunika vijJAna mahAbhArata bhI pANDya rAja tathA baMgAla kI khAr3I kI usa monojenisTa thyorI (Monogenist theory) taka phaile bhAratavarSa kA varNana karate haiN| .. ke anusAra sahI hai jo mAnatI hai ki manuSya jAti ___azoka ke samaya meM bhArata kI sImA uttarake vibhinna prakAra prANizAstra kI dRSTi se eka hI , varga ke haiN| 9' pazcima meM hindakuza taka aura dakSiNa-pUrva meM sumAtrA(ba) kisI eka hI kendrIya mUla srota se nika . jAvA taka pahu~ca gaI thii| kaniMghama ne usa samasta pradeza ko vizAla bhArata (Greater India) nAma lakara sAta mAnava samUhoM ne sAta vibhinna bhAgoM diyA aura bhAratavarSa ke navadvIpoM se usakI samAko vyApta kara svatantra rUpa se pRthak-pRthak mAnava natA sthApita kii| sabhyatA kA vikAsa kiyA / yaha siddhAnta bhI Adhunika vaijJAnika dRSTikoNa se saMbhava hai jisameM kahA isa prakAra Adhunika bhaugolika mAnyatAoM ke gayA hai ki vizva kI prAthamika jAtiyoM ne pRthvI anusAra jambUdvIpa kA vistAra uttara meM sAiberiyA ke vibhinna vAtAvaraNoM vAle sAta pradezoM ko vyApta pradeza (ArkaTika ozana) dakSiNa meM hinda mahAsAkara tattatpradezoM ke vAtAvaraNa ke prabhAva meM apanI gara aura usake dvIpasamUha, pUrva meM cIna-jApAna zArIrika viziSTa-AkRtiyoM kA vikAsa kiyaa| (prazAnta mahAsAgara) tathA pazcima meM kaispiyana (sa) pazcAt pRthvI ke ina sAta bhAgoM meM se sAgara taka samajhanA caahiye| eka bhAga meM (purANoM ke anusAra jambUdvIpa meM) nau anta meM hama prasiddha bhUgolazAstravettA, sAgara / mAnava samUhoM meM jo nau pradezoM ko vyApta kiyA vizvavidyAlaya ke bhUgola vibhAga ke bhUtapUrva adhyakSa unameM bhAratavarSa bhI eka hai / / pro0 esa0 ema0 alI ke prati apanI kRtajJatA prakaTa (Ga) bhAratavarSa-bhAratavarSa se prAyaH iNDiyA karanA, karttavya samajhate haiM jinake khojapUrNa grantha, upamahAdvIpa jAnA jAtA hai| kintu prAcIna videzI 'di jyAgrAphI Apha da purAnsa' se hameM isa nibandha sAhitya meM isa iNDiyA upamahAdvIpa ke lie koI ke lekhana meM paryApta sahAyatA prApta huii| eka nAma nahIM hai| 1. DA0 esa. ema. alI, 'jio0 Apha purAnsa' pRSTha-6-10 (: 2. DA0 esa. ema. alI, 'jio Apha purAnsa' pRSTha-126 adhyAya aSTama, 'bhaartvrss-phijikl'| 362 paMcama khaNDa : jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa sAdhvIratna kusumavatI abhinandana grantha FOUNCIATIC Jain E l International REATMore www.jainelione late & Personar Use