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________________ jaina yati paramparA 0 zrI agaracanda nAhaTA nAhaToM kI guvAr3a, bIkAnera (rAjasthAna) jainAgamoM evaM koSagranthoM meM yati, sAdhu, muni, nirgrantha, anagAra vAcayaMma Adi zabda ekArtha bodhaka mAne gaye haiN|' arthAt yati sAdhu kA hI paryAyavAcI zabda haiM, para Ajakala ina donoM zabdoM ke artha meM rAta aura dina kA 3 gayA hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki jina-jina vyaktiyoM ke lie ina donoM zabdoM kA prayoga hotA hai, unake AcAravicAra meM bahata vyavadhAna ho gayA hai / jo yati zabda kisI samaya sAdhu ke samAna hI AdaraNIya thA, Aja use sunakara kAla-prabhAva se kucha aura hI bhAva utpanna hote haiM / zabdoM ke artha meM bhI samaya ke prabhAva se kitanA parivartana ho jAtA hai, isakA yaha jvalanta udAharaNa hai| jaina dharma meM sAdhuoM ke AcAra bar3e hI kaThora haiM / ataeva unakA yathArIti pAlana karanA, 'asidhAra para calane ke samAna' hI kaThina batalAyA gayA hai| kahIM-kahIM 'lohe ke cane cabAne' kA dRSTAnta bhI diyA gayA hai, aura vAstava meM hai bhI aisA hI / jaina dharma nivRttipradhAna hai, aura manuSya-prakRti kA jhukAva pravRtti mArga kI ora adhika hai| paudgalika sukhoM kI ora manuSya kA eka svAbhAvika AkarSaNa-sA hai| sutarAM jaina sAdhvAcAroM ke sAtha manuSya-prakRti kA saMgharSa avazyambhAvI hai| isa saMgharSa meM jo vijayI hotA hai, vahI saccA sAdhu kahalAtA hai| samaya aura paristhiti bahuta zaktizAlI hote haiM, unakA sAmanA karanA Ter3hI khIra hai| inake prabhAva ko apane Upara na lagane denA bar3e bhArI puruSArtha kA kArya hai / ata: isa prayatna meM bahuta se vyakti viphala-manoratha hI najara Ate haiN| vicalita na hokara morcA bAMdha kara DaTe rahane vAle vIra birale hI mileNge| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne yahI samajhakara kaThina se kaThina AcAra-vicAra ko pradhAnatA dI hai| manuSya kI prakRti jitanI mAtrA meM ArAmatalaba hai, utanI hI mAtrA meM kaThoratA rakhe binA patana hote dera nahIM lgtii| AcAra jitane kaThora hoMge, patana meM bhI utanI derI aura kaThinatA hogii| yaha bAta avazya hai ki utthAna meM jitanA samaya lagatA hai, patana meM usase kahIM kama samaya lagatA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne, bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ke anuyAyiyoM kI jo dazA kevala do sau hI varSoM meM ho gaI thI, use apanI A~khoM dekhA thA / ata: unhoMne niyamoM meM kAphI saMzodhana kara aise kaThina niyama banAye ki jinake lie medhAvI zramaNa kezI jaise bahuzruta ko bhI gaNadhara gautama se unakA spaSTIkaraNa karAnA pdd'aa|2 sUtrakAroM ne use samaya kI AvazyakatA batalAI aura kahA ki prabhu mahAvIra se pahale ke vyakti aju-prAjJa the aura mahAvIra zAsana kAla ke vyaktiyoM kA mAnasa usase badala kara vakra-jar3a kI ora agrasara ho rahA thaa| do sau varSoM ke bhItara paristhiti ne kitanA viSama parivartana kara DAlA, isakA yaha spaSTa pramANa hai / mahAvIra ne paridhAna kI apekSA acelakatva ko adhika mahattva diyA, aura isI prakAra anya kaI niyamoM ko bhI adhika kaThora rUpa diyaa| 1. atha mumukSuH zramaNA yati: // 65 // vAcayaMmo vratI sAdhuranagAra RSimuniH nirgrantho bhikssuH| yata te mokSayaMti yatiH (mokSa meM yatna karane vAlA yati hai), yataM yamanamastyasya yatI (niyamana-niyantraNa rakhane vAlA yati hai / ) abhidhAna cintAmaNi / jai (pu.) yati, sAdhu, jitendriya saMnyAsI (aupapAtika, supArzva, pAia sadda mahaNaNvo, bhA. 2, pR0 426) / 2. uttarAdhyayana sUtra 'kezI-gautama-adhyayana' 3. kalpasUtra /
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________________ 72 karmayogI zrI kesarImalajI surANA abhinandana grantha : SaSTha khaNDa bhagavAna kI hI dUradazitA kA yaha suphala hai ki Aja bhI jaina sAdhu saMsAra ke kisI bhI dharma ke sAdhuoM se adhika sAttvika aura kaThora niyamoM-AcAroM ko pAlana karane vAle haiM anyathA bauddha aura vaiSNavoM kI bhAMti avasthA hue binA nahIM rahatI / para yaha bhI to mAnanA hI par3egA ki paristhiti ne jaina muniyoM ke AcAroM meM bhI bahuta kucha zithilatA praviSTa karA dii| usI zithilatA kA carama zikAra hamArA vartamAna yati samAja hai| isa paristhiti ke utpanna hone meM manuSya-prakRti ke alAvA aura bhI kaI kAraNa haiM- jaise (1) bArahavarSIya duSkAla (2) rAjya-viplava, (3) anya-dharmoM kA prabhAva, (4) niraMkuzatA-svacchandatA, (5) samaya kI pratikUlatA, (6) zarIra-gaThana (7) saMgaThana zakti kI kamI ityAdi / prakRti ke niyamAnusAra patana ekAeka na hokara kramazaH huA karatA hai| hama apane carma-cakSu aura sthUlabuddhi se usa kramaza: hone vAle patana kI kalpanA bhI nahIM kara sakate, para paristhiti to apanA kAma kiye hI jAtI hai| jaba vaha parivartana bodhagamya hotA hai, tabhI hameM usakA sahasA bhAna hotA hai / "are ! thor3e samaya pahale hI kyA thA aura kyA ho gayA? aura hamAre dekhate dekhate hI ?" yahI bAta hamAre sAdhuoM kI zithilatA ke bAre meM lAgU hotI hai / bAraha varSa ke duSkAla Adi ke kAraNoM ne unake AcAra ko itanA zithila banA diyA ki vaha kramazaH bar3hate-bar3hate caityavAsa ke rUpa meM pariNata ho gyaa| caityavAsa kI utpatti kA samaya vidvAnoM ne vIra saMvat 882 meM batalAyA hai, para vAstava meM vaha samaya prArambha kA na hokara madhyakAla kA hai| jaisA ki Upara kahA gayA hai ki parivartana bodhagamya hue binA hamArI samajha meM nahIM A sakatA / hama pratyakSa dekhate haiM ki bhaviSya jaba patana yA utthAna kA hotA hai taba eka hI ora se patana yA utthAna nahIM hotA, vaha cAroM ora se praveza kara apanA ghara banA letA hai| yahI bAta jaina zramaNa saMsthA para lAgU hai / jainAgamoM ke anuzIlana se patA calatA hai ki pahale jJAnabala ghaTane lgaa| jambUsvAmI se kevalajJAna-viccheda ho gayA, bhadrabAhu se 11 se 14 pUrva kA artha, sthUlabhadra se 11-14vA~ pUrva mUla aura vajrasvAmI se 10 pUrva kA jJAna bhI vicchinna ho gyaa| isa prakAra kramaza: jJAna-bala ghaTA aura sAtha hI sAtha cAritra kI utkaTa bhAvanAe~ evaM AcaraNAe~ bhI kama hone lgiiN| choTI-bar3I bahuta kamajoriyoM ne eka hI sAtha A dabAyA / ina sAdhAraNa kamajoriyoM ko nagaNya samajhakara pahale to upekSA kI jAtI hai / para eka kamajorI Age calakara prakaTa hokara par3osina bahuta hI kamajoriyoM ko bulA letI hai. yaha bAta hamAre vyAvahArika jIvana se spATa hai| prArambha meM jisa zithilatA ko, sAdhAraNa samajhakara apavAda mArga ke rUpa meM apanAyA gayA thA, vahI Age cala kara rAjamArga bana gii| dvAdazavarSIya duSkAla meM muniyoM ko anicchA se bhI kucha doSoM ke bhAgI bananA par3A thA, para duSkAla nivartana ke pazcAt bhI unameM se kaI vyakti una doSoM ko vidhAna ke rUpa meM svIkAra kara khullamakhullA poSaNa karane lge| unakI prabalatA aura pradhAnatA ke Age suvihitAcArI muniyoM kI kucha nahIM cala skii| samrATa saMprati ke samaya jaina mandiroM kI saMkhyA bahuta bar3ha gii| munigaNa ina mandiroM ko apane jJAna-vijJAna ke kArya meM sAdhaka samajhakara vahIM utarane lge| vana ko upadravakAraka samajhakara, kramaza: vahIM Thaharane evaM sthAyI rUpa se rahane lge| isa kAraNa se una mandiroM kI dekhabhAla kA kAma bhI unake jimme A par3A aura kramazaH mandiroM ke sAtha unakA samparka itanA bar3ha gayA ki ve mandiroM ko apanI paitRka sampatti samajhane lge| caityavAsa kA sthUla rUpa yahIM se prArambha huA mAlUma par3atA hai / eka sthAna meM rahane ke kAraNa loka-saMsarga bar3hane lgaa| kaI vyakti 1. purAtattvavida zrI kalyANavijayajI ne bhI prabhAvaka caritra paryAlocana meM yahI mata vyakta kiyA hai| 2. isa sambandha meM digambara mAnyatA ke lie 'anekAnta' varSa 3, kiraNa 1 draSTavya hai| 3. kahA jAtA hai samprati ne sAdhuoM kI vizeSa bhakti se prerita hokara kaI aise kArya kiye jinase unako zuddha AhAra milanA kaThina huA aura rAjAzraya se zithilatA bhI A gii|
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________________ unake dRr3ha anuyAyI aura anurAgI ho gye| isI se gacchoM kI bAr3AbandI kI nIMva pdd'ii| jisa paramparA meM koI samartha AcArya huA aura usake pRSThapoSaka tathA anupAyiyoM kI saMkhyA bar3hI, vahI paramparA eka svatantra gaccha ke rUpa meM pariNata ho gii| bahuta se gacchoM ke nAma to sthAnoM ke nAma se prasiddha ho gye| rudrapallIya, saDeraka, upakeza ityAdi isa bAta ke acche udAharaNa haiN| kaI usa paramparA ke prasiddha AcArya ke kisI viziSTa kArya se prasiddha hue, jaise kharatara, tapA Adi vidvattA Adi sadguNoM ke kAraNa unake prabhAva kA vistAra hone lagA aura rAjadarabAroM meM bhI unakI pratiSThA jama gaI / janatA meM to prabhAva thA hI, rAjAzraya bhI mila gayA, basa aura cAhie kyA thA ? parigraha bar3hane lagA, vaha zAhI ThATabATa sA ho gayA / gaddI takiyoM ke sahAre baiThanA, pAna khAnA, snAna karanA, zArIrika saundarya ko bar3hAne ke sAdhanoM kA upayoga jaise bAla rakhanA, sugaMdhita tela aura itra-levAdi sevana karanA aura puSpamAlAoM ko pahananA 1 Adi vividha prakAra ke Agama-viruddha AcaraNa pracalita ho gaye / 1 jaina yati paramparA hai suvihita muniyoM ko yaha bAteM bahuta akharIM, unhoMne sudhAra kA prayatna bhI kiyA, para zithilAcAriyoM ke prabala prabhAva aura apane pUrNa prayatna ke abhAva ke kAraNa saphala nahIM ho sake / samartha AcArya haribhadrasUri ne bhI apane saMbodha - prakaraNa meM caityavAsiyoM kA bahuta kar3e zabdoM meM virodha kiyA hai| isa prakaraNa se caityavAsa kA svarUpa spaSTa rUpa meM prakaTa hotA hai| kahAvata ki pApa kA ghar3A bhare binA nahIM phUTatA / samaya ke paripAka ke pUre hone para kArya huA karate haiM / vraNa bhI jaba taka pUrA nahIM paka jAtA taba taka nahIM phUTatA / gyArahavIM zatAbdI meM caityavAsiyoM kA prAbalya itanA bar3ha gayA ki suvihitoM ko utarane yA Thaharane kA sthAna taka nahIM milatA thaa| pATaNa usa samaya unakA kendra sthAna thA / kahA jAtA hai ki vahA~ usa samaya caityavAsI caurAsI AcAryoM ke alaga-alaga upAzraya the| suvihitoM meM usa samaya zrI varddhamAnasUri mukhya the / unake ziSya jinezvarasUri se jaina muniyoM kI itanI mArgabhraSTatA na dekhI gaI, ataH unhoMne gurujI se nivedana kiyA ki pATaNa jAkara janatA ko sacce sAdhutva kA jJAna karAnA cAhie, jisase ki dharma, jo ki kevala bAhara ke ADambaroM meM hI mAnA jAne lagA hai, vAstavika rUpa meM sthApita ho ske| ina vicAroM ke prabala Andolana se unameM naye sAhasa kA saMcAra huA aura ve 18 muniyoM ke sAtha pATaNa pdhaare| usa samaya unheM vahA~ Thaharane ke lie svAna bhI nahIM milA para Akhira unhoMne apanI pratibhA se sthAnIya rAjapurohita ko prabhAvita kara liyA, aura usI ke yahA~ tthhre| jaisA ki pahale socA gayA thA caityavAsiyoM ke sAtha virodha aura muThabher3a avazyambhAvI thii| una logoM ne jinezvarasUri ke Ane kA samAcAra pAte hI jisa kisI prakAra se unheM lAMchita kara nirvAcita karAne kI ThAna lI / viruddha pracAra unakA pahalA hathiyAra thA / unhoMne apane kaI ziSyoM aura Azrita vyaktiyoM ko yaha kahA ki tuma loga sarvatra isa bAta kA pracAra karo ki "yaha sAdhu anya rAjAoM ke chadmavezI guptacara haiM, yahA~ kA Antarika bheda prApta kara rAjya kA aniSTa kareMge / ataH inakA yahA~ rahanA maMgalajanaka na hokara ulaTA bhayAvaha hI hai / jitanA zIghra ho sake, inako yahA~ se nikAla denA cAhie / rASTra ke hita meM lie hameM isa bAta kA spaSTIkaraNa karanA par3a rahA hai / " phailate phailate yaha bAta tatkAlIna nRpati durlabharAja ke kAnoM meM pahu~cI / unhoMne rAjapurohita se pUchA aura usase saccI vastusthiti jAnane para unake vismaya kA pAra na rahA, ki aise sAdhuoM ke viruddha aisA ghRNita aura nindanIya prayatna / 73 samaya kA paripAka ho cukA thA, caityavAsiyoM ne anya bhI bahuta prayatna kiye para saba niSphala hue / isake uparAnta catyavAsiyoM se zrI jinezvarasUrijI kA zAstrArya huA, caityavAsiyoM kI burI taraha se hAra huii| tabhI se suvihitAcAriyoM kA prabhAva bar3hane lagA / jinavallabhasUri, jinadattasUri, jinacandrasUri aura jinapatisUri, ina cAra ke AdhAra se acchA prakAza DAlA gayA hai / 3 2. vizeSa varNana ke lie dekheM- 0 1265 meM racita 'gaNadhara sArddhazataka bRhadvRtti' / 1. vizeSa jAnane ke lie dekheM- haribhadrasUri racita saMbodha prakaraNa, gaNadhara sArddhazataka vRhadvRtti, saMghaTTaka vRtti Adi paM0 becaradAsa dozI racita, jaina sAhitya mA vikAsa avAyI bhavelI hAnI grantha meM bhI sambodha-sattarI | - .
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________________ karmayogI zrI kesarImalajI surANA abhinandana grantha : SaSTha khaNDa AcAryoM ke prabala puruSArtha aura asAdhAraNa pratibhA se catyavAsiyoM kI jar3a khokhalI ho gaI / jinadatta to itane adhika prabhAvazAlI va samartha AcArya hue ki virodhI caityavAsiyoM meM se kaI AcArya svayaM unake ziSya bana gaye / jinapatisari ke bAda to caityavAsiyoM kI avasthA hataprabhAva ho gaI / unakI zakti aba virodha evaM zAstrArtha karane kI to dUra kI bAta, apane ghara ko saMbhAla rakhane meM bhI pUrNa samartha nahIM rahI thI, kaI AtmakalyANa ke icchuka caityavAsiyoM ne suvihita mArga ko svIkAra kara use pracArita kiyaa| unakI paramparA se kaI prasiddha gancha prasiddha hue| kharataragaccha ke mUlapuruSa varddhamAnasUri bhI pahale caityavAsI the / isI prakAra tapAgaccha ke jagaccandrasUri ne bhI kriyA uddhAra kiyaa| inhIM ke prasiddha kharataragaccha tathA tapAgaccha Aja bhI vidyamAna haiM / varddhamAnasUri ke ziSya jinezvarasUri ne durlabharAja kI sabhA meM (saM0 1070-75) caityavAsiyoM para vijaya prApta kii| ata: khare-sacce hone ke kAraNa vaha 'kharatara' kahalAye aura jagaccandrasUri ne 12 varSoM kI AyaMbila kI tapazcaryA kI / isase ve 'tapA' (saM0 1285) kahalAye / isI prakAra anya kaI gacchoM kA bhI itihAsa hai|| isake bAda musalamAnoM kI car3hAiyoM ke kAraNa bhAratavarSa para azAnti ke bAdala umar3a pdd'e| unakA prabhAva zramaNa-saMsthA para par3e binA kaise raha sakatA thA? janasAdhAraNa ke nAkoM dama thA / dharma-sAdhanA meM bhI zithilatA A gayI thI kyoMki usa samaya to logoM ke prANoM para saMkaTa bIta rahA thA / phalata: muniyoM ke AcaraNa meM bhI kAphI zithilatA A gayI thii| yaha viSama avasthA yadyapi paristhiti ke adhIna huI, phira bhI manuSya kI prakRti ke anusAra eka bAra patanonmukha hone ke bAda phira saMbhalanA kaThinatA aura vilaMba se hotA hai| ata: zithilatA dina ba dina bar3hane hI lgii| usa samaya yatra-tatra paidala vihAra karanA vighnoM se paripUrNa thaa| yavanoM kI mAra acAnaka kahIM se kahIM A par3atI, dekhate-dekhate zahara ujAr3a aura vIrAna ho jAte / lUTa-khasoTakara yavana loga hinduoM ke devamandiroM ko tor3a DAlate, logoM ko behada satAte aura bhA~ti-bhA~ti ke atyAcAra krte| aisI paristhiti meM zrAvaka loga muniyoM kI sevA, saMbhAla aura ucita bhakti nahIM kara sake, yaha asvAbhAvika bhI nahIM thaa| zithilatA kramazaH bar3hatI gayI, yahA~ taka ki 16vIM zatAbdI meM sudhAra kI AvazyakatA A pdd'ii| cAroM ora se sudhAra ke lie vyagra AvAjeM sunAyI dene lgiiN| vAstava meM paristhati ne krAMti-sI macA dii| zrAvaka samAja meM bhI jAgati phailii| solahavIM zatAbdI ke pUrvArddha meM prathama loMkA zAha (saM0 1530) ne virodha kI AvAja uThAyI, kar3avAhazAha ne usa samaya ke sAdhuoM ko dekha vartamAna kAla (1562) meM zuddha sAdhvAcAra kA pAlana karanA asambhava batalAyA aura saMvarI zrAvakoM' kA eka nayA paMtha nikAlA, para yaha mUrtipUjA ko mAnA karate the| loMkA zAha ne martipUjA kA bhI virodha kiyA para suvihita muniyoM ke zAstrIya pramANa aura yuktiyoM ke mukAbale unakA yaha virodha Tika nahIM skaa| pacAsa varSa nahIM bIte ki unhIM ke anuyAyiyoM meM se bahutoM se puna: mUrtipUjA ko svIkAra kara liyaa| bahuta se zAstrArtha meM parAjita hokara suvihita muniyoM ke pAsa dIkSita ho gye| suvihita muniyoM ke tarka zAstra-sammata, pramANa-yukta, yukti-yukta aura samIcIna the, unake viruddha Tike rahane kI vidvattA aura sAmarthya virodhiyoM meM nahIM thii| idhara AtmakalyANa ke icchuka kaI gacchoM ke AcAryoM meM bhI apane-apane samudAya ke sudhAra karane kI bhAvanA kA udaya haA, kyoMki jo vyakti svayaM zAstravihita mArga kA anusaraNa nahIM karatA, usakA prabhAva dina-ba-dina kama hotA calA jAtA hai| kharataragaccha ke AcArya zrI jinamANikyasUri ne apane gaccha kA sudhAra karane kA nizcaya kara liyA aura isI uddezya se ve jinakuzalasUri ke darzanArtha dezAvara pdhaare| para bhAvI prabala hai, manuSya socatA kucha hai, hotA aura kucha hI hai| mArga meM hI unakA svargavAsa ho gayA, ata: ve apanI icchA ko saphala aura kArya rUpa meM 1. udAharaNa ke lie saM0 1577 meM lokAmata se bIjAmata nikalA jisane mUrtipUjA svIkRta kI (dharmasAgara racita padAvalI evaM pravacana priikssaa)| jainetara samAja meM bhI isa samaya kaI mUrtipUjA ke virodhI mata nikale, para anta meM unhoMne bhI mUrtipUjA svIkAra kii|
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________________ jaina yati paramparA 75. . -.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.--.-.-. ... pariNata nahIM kara ske| unake tirobhAva ke bAda unake suyogya ziSya zrI jinacandrasUri ne apane gurudeva kI antima Adarza bhAvanA ko saphalIbhUta banAne ke lie vi0 saM0 1613 meM bIkAnera meM kriyA-uddhAra kiyaa| isI prakAra tapAgaccha meM AnandavimalasUri ne saM0 1582 meM, nAgorI tapAgaccha ke pAvacandrasUri ne saM0 1565 meM, aMcalagaccha ke dharmamUtisUri ne saM0 1614 meM kriyA-uddhAra kiyaa| satrahavIM zatAbdI meM sAdhvAcAra yathArIti pAlana hone lgaa| para vaha paramparA bhI adhika dina kAyama nahIM raha sakI, phira usI zithilatA kA Agamana honA zurU ho gayA, 1687 ke duSkAla kA bhI isameM kucha hAtha thaa| ___ aThArahavIM zatAbdI ke pUrvArddha meM zithilatA kA rUpa pratyakSa dikhAyI dene lagA, kharataragaccha meM jinaratnasUri ke paTTadhara jinacandrasUri ne zithilAcAra para niyantraNa karane ke lie saM0 1718 kI vijayAdazamI ko kucha niyama 1. vizeSa jAnane ke liye dekheM, hamAre dvArA likhita 'yuga pradhAna jincndrsuuri'| 2. isa duSkAla kA vizada varNana kavivara samayasundara ne kiyA hai| isa duSkAla ke prabhAva se utpanna huI zithilatA ke parihArArtha samayasundarajI ne saM0 1682 meM kriyA uddhAra kiyA thaa| 3. samaya-samaya para gaccha kI suvyavasthA ke lie aise kaI vyavasthA patra tapA aura kharatara gaccha ke AcAryoM ne jArI kiye, jinameM se prakAzita vyavasthA-patroM kI sUcI isa prakAra hai(ka) jinaprabhasUri (caudahavIM zatAbdI) kA vyavasthApatra (pra. jinadattasUri caritra jayasAgarasUri li.) (kha) tapA somasundarasUri-racita saMvijJa sAdhu yogya kulaka ke niyama (pra. jainadharmaprakAza, varSa 52, aMka 3, pR0 3) (ga) saM0 1583 jyeSTha, paTTana meM tapAgacchIya AnandavimalasUri kA 'maryAdApaTTaka' (pra. jaina satyaprakAza, varSa 2, aMka 3, pR0 112) (gha) saM0 1613 jinacandrasUri kA kriyA uddhAra niyama patra (pra0 hamAre dvArA li0 yugapradhAna jinacandrasUri) (Ga) saM0 1646 po0 su0 13 pattanaM hIravijayasUri paTTaka ( jaina satya prakAza, varSa 2, aMka 2, pR0 75) (ca) saM0 1677 vai0 su0 7 sAvalI meM vijayadevasUri kA sAdhu maryAdA paTTaka (pra. jaina dharma prakAza, varSa 52, aMka 1, pR0 17) / (cha) saM 1711 mA0 su0 13 patana, vijayasiMhasUri (pra. jaina dharma prakAza, varSa 52, aMka 2, pR0 55) (ja) saM0 1738 mA0 su0 6 vijayakSamAsUri paTTaka (jaina satyaprakAza, varSa, 2 aMka 6 pR0 378) (jha) uparyukta jinacandrasUri kA patra aprakAzita hamAre saMgraha meM hai / ina maryAdA paTTakoM se tatkAlIna yati samAja kI avasthA kA bahuta kucha paricaya milatA hai| naM0 'jha' vyavasthApatra aprakAzita hone ke kAraNa usase tatkAlIna paristhiti kA jo tathya prakaTa hotA hai vaha nIce likhA jAtA hai(a) yatiyoM meM kraya-vikraya kI prathA jora para ho calI thI, zrAvakoM kI bhA~ti byAja-baTTe kA kAma bhI jArI ho cukA thA, pustakeM likha kara becane lage the| zikSAdi kA bhI kraya-vikraya hotA thaa| (A) ve udbhaTa ujjvala veSa dhAraNa karate the| hAtha meM dhAraNa karane vAle DaNDe ke Upara dAMta kA mogarA aura nIce lohe kI sAMba bhI rakhate the| (i) yati loga pustakoM ke bhAra ko vahana karane ke lie zakaTa, U~Ta, naukara Adi sAtha lete the| . (I) jyotiSa, vaidyaka Adi kA prayoga karate the, janma-patriyA~ banAte va auSadhAdi dete / (u) dhAtu kA bhAjana, dhAtu kI pratimAdi rakha pUjana karate the| (3) sAta-ATha varSa se choTe evaM azuddha jAti ke bAlakoM ko ziSya banA lete the. loca karane evaM pratikramaNa karane kI zithilatA thii| (e) sAdhviyoM ko vihAra meM sAtha rakhate the| brahmacarya yathArIti pAlana nahIM karate the| (ai) paraspara jhagar3A karate the, eka-dUsare kI nindA karate the| (aThArahavIM zatAbdI ke yati aura zrIpUjyoM ke pArasparika yuddhoM tathA mAra-pITa ke do bRhada varNana hamAre saMgraha meM bhI haiN|)
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________________ karmayogI zrI kesarImalajI surANA abhinandana grantha : SaSTha khaNDa ...... ...........-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-........................................ bnaaye| eka bAta kA spaSTIkaraNa karanA yahA~ Avazyaka hai ki yadyapi zithilAcAra kA prabhAva dina-ba-dina bar3ha rahA thA, phira bhI usa samaya jainAcAryoM kA prabhAva sAdhu evaM zrAvaka saMgha para bahuta acchA thA, ataH unake niyantraNa kA bar3A bhArI prabhAva par3atA thaa| unake Adeza kA ullaMghana karanA mAmUlI bAta nahIM thI, ullaMghanakArI ko ucita daNDa milatA thaa| Aja jaisI svecchAcAritA usa samaya nahIM thii| isI ke kAraNa sudhAra hone meM saralatA thii| aThArahavIM zatAbdI meM gaccha netA svayaM zithilAcArI ho gaye, ata: sudhAra kI ora unakA lakSya kama ho gayA / isa dazA meM kaI AtmakalyANecchuka muniyoM ne svayaM kriyA uddhAra kiyaa| unameM kharataragaccha meM zrImaddevacandrajI (saM0 1777) aura tapAgaccha meM zrI satyavijaya panyAsa prasiddha haiM / upAdhyAya yazovijaya bhI Apake sahayogI bane / isa samaya kI paristhiti kA vizada vivaraNa yazovijaya jI ke 'zrImaMdhara svAmI' vinatI Adi meM milatA hai| aThArahavIM zatAbdI ke zithilAcAra meM dravya rakhanA prArambha huA thA / para isa samaya taka yati samAja meM vidvattA evaM brahmacarya Adi sadguNoM kI kamI nahIM thii| vaidyaka, jyotiSa Adi meM inhoMne acchA nAma kamAnA Arambha kiyaa| Age calakara unnIsavIM zatAbdI se yati-samAja meM donoM durguNoM (vidvattA kI kamI aura asadAcAra) kA praveza hone lgaa| ApasI jhagar3oM ne AcAryoM kI sattA aura prabhAva ko bhI kama kara diyaa| 18vIM zatAbdI ke uttarArddha meM kramaza: donoM durguNa baDhate najara Ate haiN| ve bar3hate-baDhate vartamAna avasthA meM upasthita hue haiN| kaI zrIpUjyoM ne yatiniyoM kA dIkSita karanA vyabhicAra ke pracAra meM sAdhaka samajhakara yatiniyoM dIkSA denA banda kara diyA / inameM kharatara gaccha ke jayapura zAkhA vAle bhI eka haiM / unnIsavIM zatAbdI ke pUrvArddha meM to yati loga dhanADhya kahalAne laga gaye / parigraha kA bojha evaM vilAsitA bar3hane lgii| rAjadarabAra se kaI gA~va jAgIra ke rUpa meM mila gaye / hajAroM rupaye ve byAja para dene lage, khetI karavAne lage, savAriyoM para car3hane lage, svayaM gAya, bhaiMsa, U~Ta ityAdi rakhane lage / saMkSepa meM itanA hI kahanA paryApta hogA ki ve eka prakAra se ghara-gRhasthI-se bana gaye / unakA parigraha rAjazAhI ThATa-bATa sA ho gyaa| vaidyaka, jyotiSa, maMtra-taMtra meM ye siddhahasta kahalAne lage aura vAstava meM isa samaya inakI vizeSa prasiddhi evaM prabhAva kA kAraNa ye hI vidyAe~ thIM / aThArahavIM zatAbdI ke suprasiddha dharmavarddhanajI ne bhI apane samaya ke yatiyoM kI vidvattA evaM prabhAva viSaya meM kavitta racanA karake acchA varNana kiyA hai| . auraMgajeba ke samaya se bhArata kI avasthA phira zocanIya ho uThI, janatA ko dhana-jana kI kAphI hAni uThAnI pddii| ApasI lar3AiyoM meM rAjya ke koSa khAlI hone lage to unhoMne bhI prajA se anucita lAbha uThA kara dravya saMgraha kI ThAna lii| isase jana-sAdhAraNa kI Arthika avasthA bahuta gira gaI, jaina zrAvakoM ke pAsa bhI nagada rupayoM kI bahuta kamI ho gii| jinake pAsa 5-10 hajAra rupaye hote ve to acche sAhUkAra gine jAte the, sAdhAraNatayA grAma nivAsI janatA kA sukhya AdhAra kRSi jIvana thA, phasaleM ThIka na hone ke kAraNa unakA bhI sahArA kama hone lagA, taba zrAvaka loga, jo sAdhAraNa sthiti ke the, yatiyoM ke pAsa se byAja para rupaye lene lge| ata: Arthika sahAyatA ke kAraNa kaI zrAvaka yatiyoM ke dabaila se bana gaye, kaI vaidyaka, tatra-maMtra Adi ke dvArA apane svArtha sAdhanoM meM sahAyaka evaM upakArI samajha unheM mAnate rahe, phalata: saMghasattA kSINa-sI ho gii| yatiyoM ko punaH kartavya patha para ArUDha karane kI sAmarthya unameM nahIM rhii| isase niraMkuzatA evaM netRtvahInatA ke kAraNa yati samAja meM zithilAcAra svacchandatA panapatI evaM bar3hatI gii| yati samAja ne bhI rukha badala ddaalaa| dhama pracAra ke sAtha-sAtha paropakAra ko unhoMne svIkAra kiyA, zrAvaka Adi ke bAlakoM ko ve zikSA dene lage, janmapatrI banAnA, muhUrtAdi batalAnA, rogoM ke pratikArArtha auSadhopacAra cAlU karane lage, jinase unakI mAnyatA pUrvavat banI rhe| unakI vidvattA kI dhAka rAja-darabAroM meM bhI acchI jamI huI thI, ata: rAjAoM se unheM acchA sammAna prApta thA, apane camatkAroM se unhoMne kAphI prabhAva bar3hA rakhA thaa| isa rAjya-sambandha evaM prabhAva ke kAraNa jaba sthAnakavAsI mata nikalA, taba unake sAdhuoM ke liye inhoMne bIkAnera, jodhapura Adi se aise AjJApatra bhI jArI karavA diye, jinase ve una rAjyoM meM praveza bhI nahIM kara skeN|
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________________ jaina yati paramparA 77 . -.-.-. -. -.-.-.-.-. -. -. -. -.-.-.-.-...-.-.-. -. -. -. -. -. -. -. -.-.-.-. ... . .... 18vIM zatAbdI taka yati samAja meM jJAnopAsanA satata cAlU thI, ata: unake racita bahuta se acche-acche grantha isa samaya taka ke milate haiM, para 18vIM zatAbdI se jJAnopAsanA kramaza: ghaTatI clii| ataH isa zatAbdI ke bAda vidvattApUrNa grantha bahuta kama milate haiM / aura vaha ghaTate-ghaTate vartamAna avasthA ko prApta ho gii| yati samAja kI pUrvAvasthA ke itihAsa para sarasarI taura ke Upara vicAra kiyA gayA / isa utthAna-patanakAla ke madhya meM yati samAja meM dhuraMdhara vidvAna, zAsana prabhAvaka, rAjya-sammAna prApta aneka mahApuruSa ho gaye haiM, jinhoMne jaina zAsana kI bar3I bhArI sevA kI hai, prabhAva vistAra kiyA hai, anya AkramaNoM se rakSA kI hai evaM lAkhoM jainetaroM ko jaina banAyA, hajAroM anamola grantha-ratnoM kA nirmANa kiyA, jisake liye jaina samAja unakA cira RNI rhegaa| aba yati samAja kI vartamAna avasthA' kA avalokana karate hue inakA punaH utthAna kaise ho isa para kucha vicAra draSTavya haiN| jo pahale sAdhu yA muni kahalAte the, vahI aba yati kahalAte haiM / patana kI carama sImA ho cukI hai| jo zAstrIya jJAna ko apanA AbhUpaNa samajhate the, jJAnopAsanA jinakA vyasana-sA thA, ve aba AjIvikA, dhanopArjana aura pratiSThA rakSA ke liye vaidyaka, jyotiSa aura maMtra-taMtra ke jJAna ko hI mukhyatA dene lage haiN| kaI mahAtmA to aise mileMge jinheM pratikramaNa ke pATha bhI pUre nahIM Ate / gambhIra zAstrAlocana ke yogya to aba zAyada hI koI vyakti khojane para mile / kriyAkANDoM ko jo karavA sakate haiM (pratikramaNa, posaha, parva vyAkhyAna vAcana, tapa, udyApana evaM pratiSThAvidhi) ve aba vidvAna gine jAne lage haiN| __ jisa jJAnadhana ko unake pUrvajoM ne bar3e hI kaSTa se likha-likhakara saMcita evaM surakSita rakhA, ve amUlya hastalikhita granthoM ko saMbhAlate taka nahIM / ve grantha dImakoM ke bhakSya bana gaye, unake pRSTha naSTa ho gaye, sardI Adi se surakSA na kara sakane ke kAraNa granthoM ke patra cipaka kara thopar3e ho gaye / (hamAre saMgraha meM aise aneka grantha surakSita haiM / ) navIna racane kI vidvattA ko to sadA ke liye praNAma kara diyA, purAne saMcita jJAnadhana kI bhI itanI durdazA ho rahI hai ki use sunakara A~sU bahAne par3a rahe haiM / sahaja vicAra AtA hai ki ina granthoM ko likhate samaya unake pUrvajanoM ne kaise bhavya manoratha kiye hoMge ki hamAre sapUta inheM paDha-par3hakara apanI AtmA evaM saMsAra kA upakAra kreNge| para Aja apane hI yogya vaMzajoM ke hAtha ina granthoM kI aisI durdazA dekhakara pUrvajoM kI svargastha AtmAe~ mana hI mana na jAne kyA socatI hoMgI? unhoMne apane granthoM kI prazastiyoM meM kaI bAteM aisI likha rakhI haiM ki unheM dhyAna se par3hane vAlA koI bhI vyakti aisA kAma nahIM kara sktaa| magna dRSTi kaTi grIvA, vakradRSTiradhomukham / kaSTena likhyate zAstraM yatnena paripAlayet // granthoM kI surakSA kI vyavasthA karate hue likhA hai jalAdrakSet sthalAdrakSet rakSat zithilabandhanAt / mUrkhahaste na dAtavyA evaM vadati pustikA / / agne rakSet jalAdrakSet mUSakebhyo vizeSataH / udakAnilacaurebhyo mUSakebhyo hutAzanAt // kaSTena likhitaM zAstraM, yatnena paripAlayet / / muni AcAra kI to gaMdha bhI nahIM rahane pAI, para jaba hama unheM zrAvakoM ke kartavya se bhI cyuta dekhate haiM, taba kalejA dhar3aka uThatA hai, buddhi bhI kucha kAma nahIM detI ki huA kyA ? bhagavAn mahAvIra kI vANI ko sunAne vAle 1. isakA saMkSepa meM kucha varNana kAlUrAma baraDiyA likhita 'osavAla samAja kI vartamAna paristhiti' meM bhI pAyA jAtA hai|
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________________ karmayogI zrI kesarImalajI surANA abhinandana grantha : pATha khaNDa upadezakoM kI bhI kyA yaha hAlata ho sakatI hai ? jisa bAta kI sambhAvanA to kyA, kalpanA bhI nahIM kI jA sakatI, Aja vaha hamAre sAmane upasthita hai| bahutoM ke to na rAtribhojana kA vicAra, na abhakSya vastuoM kA paraheja, na sAmAyika pratikramaNa yA kriyAkANDa aura navakArasI kA ptaa| Aja inameM kaI vyakti to bhAMga-gA~jA Adi nazIlI cIjoM kA sevana karate haiN| bAjAroM meM vRSTi Adi kA saudA karate haiN| upAzrayoM meM rasoI banAte haiM, vyabhicAra kA bolabAlA hai| ataeva jagata kI dRSTi meM ve bahuta gira cuke haiN| paMca mahAvratoM kA to patA hI nahIM, aNuvratadhArI zrAvakoM se bhI inameM se kaI to gaye-bIte haiN| yatiniyoM kI to bAta hI na pUchie, unake patana kI hada ho cukI hai, unakI caritrahInatA jaina samAja ke liye kalaMka kA kAraNa ho rahI hai| yati samAja kI yaha dazA A~khoM dekhakara vivekI yatiyoM ke hRdaya meM sAmUhika sudhAra kI bhAvanA jAgRta huI thI, kharatara gaccha ke bAlacandrAcArya Adi ke prayatna ke phala se saM0 1963 meM unakI eka kAnphrensa huI thI aura usameM kaI acche prastAva bhI pAsa hue the, yathA (1) vyAvahArika aura dhArmika zikSA kA suprabandha (2) bAhya vyavahAra zuddhi (3) jJAnopakaraNa kI suvyavasthA (hastalikhita granthoM kA na becanA) (4) saMgaThana (5) yati DAyarekTarI prakAzana Adi / usa kAnphrensa kA dUsarA adhivezana huA yA nahIM, ajJAta hai| abhI phira saM0 1961 meM bIkAnera rAjapUtAnA prAMtIya yati-sammelana huA thA aura usakA dUsarA adhivezana bhI phalaudI meM huA thA, para sabhI kucha pariNAma-zUnya hI rhaa| aba bhI samaya hai ki yugapradhAna jinacandrasUrijI kI taraha kucha sattA-bala kA bhI prayoga kiyA jAnA caahie| eka vidyAlaya, brahmacarya-Azrama, kevala yati-ziSyoM kI zikSA ke lie kholA jAya / yahA~ para amuka DigrI taka pratyeka yati ziSya ko par3hanA lAjimI kiyA jAya, upadeza ka ke yogya par3hAI kI suvyavasthA kI jAya / unase jo vidyArthI nikaleM unake kharca Adi kA yogya prabandha karake unheM sthAna-sthAna para upadezakoM ke rUpa meM pracAra kArya meM niyukta kara deM, tAki unheM jaina dharma kI sevA kA suyoga mile / zrAvaka samAja kA usameM kAphI sahayoga honA Avazyaka hai| 1. zvetAmbara samAja meM jisa prakAra yati samAja hai, digambara samAja meM lagabhaga vaise hI 'bhaTTAraka' praNAlI kA itihAsa Adi jAnane ke lie 'jaina hitaiSI' meM zrI nAtha rAmajI premI kA nibandha evaM jainamitra kAryAlaya, sUrata se prApta 'bhaTTAraka-mImAMsA' graMtha par3hanA caahie| isIlie rAjapUtAnA prAntIya prathama yati sammelana (saMvat 1881, bIkAnera) meM nimnalikhita prastAva pAsa kiye gaye the| kheda hai unakA pAlana nahIM ho skaa| (ka) udbhaTa veza na karanA (kha) davA Adi ke sivA jamIkanda Adi ke tyAga kA bharasaka prayatna karanA (ga) davA Adi ke sivA paMcatithiyoM meM harI vanaspati Adi ke tyAga kA bharasaka prayatna karanA (gha) rAtribhojana ke tyAga kI ceSTA karanA (Ga) AvazyakatA ke sivAya rAta ko upAzraya se bAhara na jAnA (ca) aMgrejI phaizana ke bAla na rakhanA (cha) dIkSita yati ko sAga-sabjI kharIdane ke samaya bAjAra na jAnA (ja) dhUmrapAna kA tyAga (jha) sAIkila para baiTha bAjAra na ghUmanA (ya) paMca pratikramaNa ke jJAtA na hone taka kisI ko dIkSA na denA / (Ta) parva-tithiyoM meM pratikramaNa avazya karanA / ina prastAvoM se pragaTa hai ki vartamAna meM ina saba bAtoM ke viparIta pracAra hai, tabhI inakA virodha samarthana kI AvazyakatA huii| .