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________________ jaina tattvajJAna ANi jaina samAjAtIla parivartane (mahArASTra tattvajJAna pariSada, muMbaI yethe vizeSa vyAkhyAna, novheMbara 2010) (1) prastAvanA : samAjAcI parivartanazIlatA ; parivartanazIlatelA jaina tattvajJAnAta sthAna ApalyA AjUbAjUce jaga, vastU, vyaktI, ghaTanA sarvAMmadhye satata badala cAlU Aheta. kAhI badala maMda tara kAhI zIghra Aheta. badalAMcyA akhaMDa mAlikene DoLyAta bharaNArI pRthagAtmakatA jyAne jANavate tyAlA ApaNa 'parivartana' mhaNU yA. sAmAnyata: azI apekSA kelI jAte kI dharmAcaraNAmadhye azI parivartanazIlatA asAvI. paraMtu tI itakIhI nasAvI kI jine dharmAlA AdhArabhUta caukaTa deNAr2yA siddhAMtAMnA, tattvAMnA dhakkA basela. __ jaina paraMparece ase vaiziSTya Ahe kI badala, parivartanazIlatA ANi 'dhrauvya' yA dohoMnA tine ApalyA mUlabhUta DhAcAtaca kauzalyAne viNUna Thevale Ahe. 'sat' mhaNaje 'reality'ce svarUpaca jaina darzanAne 'kUTastha nitya' na mAnatA 'utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvyayukta sat' ase mAnale Ahe. azI 'sat' dravye ekUNa sahA mAnalI Aheta. jagAtIla khar2yAkhur2yA astitvAta asaNAr2yA goSTIMcI vibhAgaNI SaD-dravyAMmadhye kelI Ahe. dravyAcI vyAkhyA'guNaparyAyavad dravyam' azI Ahe. yAtIla 'paryAya' saMkalpaneta avasthAMtare, badala, parivartane yAlA bhakkama saiddhAMtika pArzvabhUmI Ahe. ___vastUkaDe (vyaktIkaDe, ghaTanAMkaDe) pAhaNyAce cAra 'nikSepa'hI parivartanazIlatelA vAva deNAre Aheta. te mhaNaje dravya-kSetra-kAla-bhAva. anekAntavAdAcA siddhAMta tara theory of non-absolutism agara 'theory of relativity' mhaNUna suprasiddha Ahe. tyAcA adhika vistAra na karatA mhaNena kI 'jainatva abAdhita rAkhaNAre ghaTaka' ANi 'jaina samAjAtIla kAlAnusAra parivartane' yA dona mudyAMcA vicAra ANi tyAtIla susaMgatI dAkhavaNe he AjacyA mAjhyA bhASaNAce prayojana Ahe. (2) jainavidyekaDe pAhaNyAce abhyAsakAMce june prArUpa (model). te badalaNyAcI AvazyakatA ___"muLAtalA jainadharma hA atyaMta saiddhAMtika, mUlagAmI va kaDaka asUna, sAhityAta, samAjAta ANi kalAnirmitIta, kelyA gelelyA taDajoDI hI sarva 'bhraSTarUpe' Aheta"-ase eka prArUpa jainavidyece dezI-videzI abhyAsaka, DoLyAsamora ThevUna mUlyAMkana karIta asata. gelyA dazakAta mhaNaje 21 vyA zatakAcyA AraMbhApAsUna he vaicArika prArUpa badalaNyAcI AvazyakatA, abhyAsakAMnA vATU lAgalI. DaoN. jaoNna I. korTa, DaoN. paoNla inDAsa i. pAzcAtya vicAravaMtAMnI navIna vicArasaraNI prathama dRSTipathAta ANalI. vaidika dharmApAsUna purANAtIla hiMdudharmAparyaMta, tyA paraMpareta je badala, parivartane va avasthAMtare jhAlI, tyAcI aneka abhyAsakAMnI 'lavacika', 'samanvayavAdI' azA zabdAta bhalAvaNa kelI. hiMdUMcyA vikasanazIla daivatazAstrAcA cikitsaka abhyAsa kelA. navIna badalAMnA svIkRtI dilI. hiMdU samAjAcyA atyaMta nikaTa rAhaNAr2yA, jaina samAjAne mAtra jyA cAlIrItI, zraddhA va devadevatA svIkAralyA, tyAbaddala jainAMmadhalyA sanAtanyAMnI pAkhaMDa mhaNUna hiNavale. vicAravaMtAMnIhI 'jainIkaraNa' 'jainIkaraNa' azI dUSaNe lAvalI. jainadharma ANi hiMdudharma yAMnA ase dona vegaLe nikaSa lAvAyace kA ? he sarva badala bAhya AcArabadala Aheta kI siddhAMtAzIhI taDajoDa kelI Ahe', yAcA punarvicAra hoNe atyaMta jarUrIce Ahe. (3) jaina tattvajJAna, dharma va AcAra TikaviNyAce mukhya AdhAra - 1) kuTuMba 2) svAdhyAya maMDaLe 3) sAdhu-sAdhvI varga aupacArika zikSaNa paddhatItUna jaina tattvajJAna, dharma va AcAra yAMce miLaNAre mArgadarzana javaLa-javaLa nagaNya
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________________ Ahe. samAjahI alpasaMkhya Ahe. tarIhI he tinhI avyAhatapaNe 2600 - 2700 varSe TikUna rAhaNyAce mukhya AdhAra, vara varNana kelele tIna pramukha AdhArastaMbha Aheta. he AvhAna kharokharaca avaghaDa Ahe. dharmAcaraNAcI va siddhAMtAMcI mUlabhUta AvaDa asalyAzivAya, he TikUna rAhaNe duSkara Ahe. tyAmuLeca dravya-kSetra - kAla-bhAvAnusAra kAhI taDajoDI karataca, yA dharmAce astitva TikUna rAhile. (4) koNatyA goSTIMmuLe jaina samAja hiMdU bAMdhavAMcyA agadI javaLa AlA asA AbhAsa nirmANa hoto ? 1) maMdire, mUrtI, pratiSThA, pUjA : 'saiddhAMtika dRSTIne nirIzvaravAdI asalelyA jainadharmIyAMnI maMdire, mUrtI, pratiSThA, pUjA i. nA ApalyA dharmAta kA bare sthAna dile ?' - asA kaLIcA prazna vAraMvAra vicAralA jAto. hiMdudharmAcA yAMvarIla prabhAva pUrNa nAkAratA yeNAra nAhI. tathApi maMdirAcyA mukhya gAbhAr2yAta vItarAgI jinAMcI sthApanA karUna, tyAMcyA AdarzarUpa mAnavI guNAMcI pUjA karaNe, hA yAmAgacA spaSTa hetU Ahe. bhaktI, zraddhA, pUjA yAMnA sthAna asale tarI te puNyabaMdhakAraka mAnale Ahe. siddhAMtAnusAra bhaktI, pUjA, guNAnuvAda, dAna i. sarva kRtye puNya bAMdhatAta paraMtu karmAMcI nirjarA karU zakata nAhIta. tyAsAThI jJAnapUrvaka kelelyA tapasyecI, zuddha AcaraNAcI ANi saMyamita vRttIMcI AvazyakatA Ahe, he pratyeka jaina vyaktI prAya: samajUnaca asate. yakSa-yakSiNI, vidyAdevatA, zAsanadevatA i. muLe kadAcita aihika lAbha hoU zakatIla (arthAt tehI karmaphalAnusAra). paraMtu AdhyAtmika pragatIsAThI devadevatA pUjana pratyakSa sahAyyabhUta hoU zakata nAhI. 2) saNa-vAra- utsavAta sahabhAga : hiMdU bAMdhavAMcyA saNa-vAra- utsavAta jaina bAMdhavAMcA sahabhAga hA nivvaLa sAmAjika kAraNAne asato, dhArmika navhe. arthAtaca kAhI apavAda asU zakatAta. akSayatRtIyA, divALI i. prasaMgI AvarjUna, jaina itihAsAtIla vyaktIMce va ghaTanAMce smaraNa kele jAte. 3) cAturmAsa va itara vrate : hiMdUMcyA va jainAMcyA cAturmAsAcyA paddhatIta sAmprata kALAtahI barAca pharaka disato. jainAMcyA cAturmAsAta tapa ANi upavAsAlA vizeSa mahattva asate. hiMdU vrate prAya: pUjAvidhI va bhojanavidhIcyA saMbaMdhita asatAta. muLAtaca 'vrata' hA zabda jaina paraMpareta mahAvrate va zrAvakavrate (aNuvrate) yAMcyAzIca joDalelA Ahe. icchita goSTIcyA prAptIsAThI kelelI tAtkAlika vrate jainAMmadhye tyAmAnAne atyalpa Aheta. tyApekSA dainaMdina, cAturmAsika athavA vArSika niyama grahaNa karUna to pALaNyAkaDe adhika kala disato. 4) aneka saMpradAya - upasaMpradAya : anekAMtavAdI jainadharmAtIla zvetAMbara - digaMbara matabheda ANi phATAphUTa hoUna nighAlele itara saMpradAya, yAbaddala abhyAsaka anekadA AkSepa ghetAta. phATAphuTIce samarthana karaNyAcA yethe uddeza nAhI. paraMtu zaiva, vaiSNava, mAhezvarI, liMgAyata, nAthapaMthI, vArakarI, rAmAnujI ANi itarahI asaMkhya upasaMpradAya asUnahI, jevhA te sarvajaNa hiMdU mhaNUna saMbodhale jAtAta, tevhA samAna saiddhAMtika AdhAra asaNAre saMpradAya aneka asale tarI, jainadharmAcyA ekatvAlA bAdhA yeNyAce kAhIca kAraNa nAhI. zivAya Adhunika kALAta yAca kAraNAsAThI dharma ANi jAta yA donhI zIrSakAkhAlI phakta 'jaina' ase lihAve, ase AvhAna karaNyAta yete. tyAlA uttama pratisAdahI miLata Ahe kAraNa jaina yuvApiDhIlA saMpradAya - upasaMpradAyAtIla hI teDha ajibAta mAnya nAhI. yetyA dazakabharAtaca tyAce
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________________ pariNAma disaNyAcI sucihne jANavU lAgalI Aheta. (5) vyApAra va zetIvyavasAyAmuLe nirmANa jhAlelI aMgabhUta vaiziSTye a) sAkSaratece sarvAdhika pramANa : ____ bhAratIya janagaNanecyA ahavAlAnusAra jaina samAjAta sAkSaratece pramANa sarvAdhika Ahe. tyAtahI mahilAMcyA sAkSaratece pramANa javaLa-javaLa zata-pratizata Ahe. vyApAra ANi hizeba ThevaNe hI tara kAraNe Ahetaca paraMtu AdinAtha RSabhadevAMnI ApalyA kanyA brAhmI va suMdarI yAMnA lipI vijJAna ANi gaNita yAMce zikSaNa dile hote, hI aitihAsika dhAraNAhI yAmAgacI pArzvabhUmI asAvI. ba) jethe jAtIla tethIla samAjAzI ekarUpa : bha. mahAvIrAMcyA kAryapravRttI prAmukhyAne magadhAta hotyA mhaNaje aMga-vaMga ANi kaliMga yA prAcIna bhAratIya pradezAta to sarvaprathama pasaralA. jaina itihAsAnusAra tyAnaMtara to pazcimekaDe va dakSiNekaDehI prasRta jhAlA. vizeSa goSTa azI kI vyApArAmuLe va dhADasI svabhAvAmuLe jaina samAja bhAratabhara va bhAratAbAherahI pasarata rAhilA. viziSTa pradezAzI nigaDita nasalyAmuLe, tyA tyA pradezAcI bhASA, cAlIrItI, poSAkha i. hI svIkArIta gelA. evaDhe sAmAjika abhisaraNa hoUnahI jainadharmIyAMnI ApalI pRthagAtmakatA neTAne japalI. ka) bhASika vaiziSTye : dharma ANi AcAra hA samAjAcyA sarva starAMparyaMta pohocaNyAsAThIca, jaina tIrthaMkarAMnI Apale upadeza 'prAkRta' bhASemadhye dile hote. bha. mahAvIrAMce prAcIna upadeza 'ardhamAgadhI' bhASeta Aheta. prAkRta yA bolIbhASA asalyAmuLe tyA saMpUrNa bhAratAta AraMbhApAsUnaca vividha hotyA. bhASecI sthaLAnusAra ANi kALAnusAra hoNArI sagaLI parivartane, jainadharmAne sakArAtmakatene svIkAralI. ardhamAgadhI, zaurasenI, mahArASTrI, saMskRta ANi apabhraMza yA pAcahI bhASAMtUna graMthanirmitI kelI. 10 vyA zatakAnaMtara gujarAtI, hiMdI, marAThI kannaDa yA cAra bhASAMmadhIla mULa sAhityAlA bharIva yogadAna dile. mahattvAcI goSTa azI kI, Apale sarva mUlagAmI tattvajJAna veLoveLI tyAMnI yA bhASAMcyA mAdhyamAtUna samAjAparyaMta jhirapavale. jaina samAjAce he vaiziSTyaca Ahe kI to tIna-cAra bhASA tarI sahajapaNe bolU zakato. arthAtaca bahubhASitvAce he varadAna jaina sAdhu-sAdhvI-vargAmadhye tara adhikaca vizeSatvAne disate. Da) rAjakIya praNAlIMzI sAmopacArAce dhoraNa : jainAMcA prAcIna, madhyayugIna ANi Adhunika bhAratIya itihAsa vAcatAnA he jANavate kI, yA tinhI kALAta tyAMnI rAjakIya praNAlIMzI sAmopacArAce dhoraNa Thevale. i.sa.pUrva 200 madhye hoUna gelelA 'samrATa khAravela' janmAne jaina hotA ase kaliMga arthAta Adhunika orisAtIla 'hAthIguMphA' zilAlekhAvarUna spaSTa hote. gujarAtetIla zaivarAjA, vanarAja cAvaDA jainAnukUla hotA. cAlukya rAjA kumArapAla pUrNata: jaina zrAvaka hotA. dakSiNetIla kadaMba, gaMga, rASTrakUTa, cAlukya ANi hoyasALa he rAjehI jaina sAdhuvarga va zrAvakavargAlA anukUla hote. hyA sarva rAjavaTIta rAjakIya praNAlIMzI sAmopacArAce dhoraNa ThevaNe tyAmAnAne sope hote. mughala rAjAMcyA AkramaNAnaMtara tapAgaccha ANi 'kharataragacchA'cyA sAdhuvargAne tyAMcyAzI salokhyAce saMbaMdha Thevale. jinaprabhasUrIMcyA aMgI asalelyA zaktI va siddhIMcA prabhAva, 'mahammada taghalakA'vara hotA ase disUna yete. tyAmuLeca jinaprabhasUrIMnI mughala rAjavaTa cAlU asatAnAhI, aneka jaina maMdirAMcyA ubhAraNIta puDhAkAra gheUna jainasaMghAcI va dharmAcI khUpa prabhAvanA kelI. tyAcyA AzrayAne 'vividhatIrthakalpa'sArakhyA vaiziSTyapUrNa sAhityAcI nirmitIhI kelI. 16
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________________ vyA zatakAta samrATa 'akabarA'cyA darabArAta A. 'hIravijayasUrIM'nA sanmAnAce sthAna hote. samrATa akabarAne ApalyA saMpUrNa sAmrAjyAta paryuSaNaparvakALAta kattalakhAne baMda ThevaNyAcI AjJA dilI hotI. zikArIlAhI baMdI ghAtalI hotI. bAdazAha 'jahAMgira'nehI akabarAnaMtara heca dhoraNa Thevale hote. 20 vyA zatakAcyA prAraMbhI hoUna gelelyA baDodyAcyA sayAjIrAva gAyakavADAM'varahI tapAgacchAcyA 'buddhisAgarasUrIM'cyA ahiMsAvicArAcA pagaDA hotA. puDhIla kALAta jaina ANi yuropiyana yAMce sAmAjika, Arthika saMbaMdha nehamIca salokhyAce rAhile. briTIza rAjavaTItahI jaina samAjAne Bankers, Traders and Merchants yAMcyA rUpAne Arthika kSetrAta cAMgalI kAmagirI bajAvalI. 19 vyA zatakAcyA uttarArdhApAsUna briTana, AphrikA ANi amerikA yA khaMDAta vyApArAnimitta pohocalele loka bahutAMzI jainaca hote. yA khaMDAta pohocalyAnaMtara tyAMnI ApoApaca saMghaTanA bAMdhUna, maMdiranirmitI va abhyAsakeMdre sthApalI. yazasvI vyApArAbarobaraca zAkAhAra, ahiMsA ANi zAMtatA yAMcyA prasArAce kAma, ApApalyA zaktInusAra cAlU Thevale. yA saMkSipta itihAsAvarUna ase disUna yete kI sAmopacArAce dhoraNa ThevaNyAsAThI, svata:ta veLoveLI badala ghaDavUna ANaNyAcI jI zaktI lAgate, tI jainAMnI paraMparAgata dharmAtUna cAlata AlelyA tattvajJAnAcyA caukaTItUna miLavilI. (6) parivartane cAlU asatAnAca jainAMnI japalele 'jainatva' : ___vara vara pAhatA samAjAzI ekarUpa jhAlyAsArakhe disaNAre jaina loka, koNakoNatyA bAbatIta ApalyA jainatvAcI cihna japUna Aheta, yA viSayAce kAhI mudde, mAjhyA 25 varSAMcyA nirIkSaNAcyA AdhAre namUda karIta Ahe. 1) ahiMsece AhArAta pratyakSIkaraNa : ahiMsAtattvAcA dainaMdina vyavahArAta sUkSma vApara karata asatAnA, jainAMnI prathama svata:cyA AhArAta pUrNa ahiMsA ANalI. zAkAhArAcyA aMtargatahI pratyeka vanaspatijIvAcA sUkSma vicAra karUna, aneka prakAracyA saMyama va maryAdA sAMgitalyA. Adhunika kALAtahI deza-videzI mizanarI vRttIne zAkAhAra caLavaLa cAlU ThevalI. tyA caLavaLIlA sakArAtmaka pAThiMbAhI miLata Ahe. 2) 'ApalA samAja'-azI saMghabhAvanA : sAmAjikatA japata asatAnAca svataH alpasaMkhya asalyAmuLe dharmAcyA samAnatecyA AdhAre, choTyAmoThyA saMghaTanA ubhyA karUna, tyA dvAre ApalyA ANi itara samAjAcyA hitAcI kAme karaNyAcI eka sarvasAdhAraNa pravRttI, jaina mANasAmadhye mUlata:ca rujalelI asate. dharma ANi AcAra TikUna rAhaNyAsAThI, azA choTyAmoThyA saMghaTanA ApoApaca kAryarata asatAta. 3) sAdhu-sAdhvI vargAce tulanene kATekora AcaraNa : pAyI vihAra, vastra-pAtra maryAdA, sacitta sevanAcA tyAga, rAtribhojanatyAga i. aneka prakArace kaDaka athavA kaThora AcaraNa itara dharmIyAMcyA tulaneta, jaina sAdhu-sAdhvIvarga kATekorapaNe karIta asalelA disato. veLoveLI yAmadhye zithilatA ANaNyAcI carcAhI hota rAhate. paraMtu jainatva japaNyAsAThI aMtimata: he kaDaka AcaraNa upayuktaca Tharate.
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________________ 4) dAna-madata-sevA yAMce saiddhAMtika sthAna : __ 'jIvo jIvasya jIvanam' yA vacanAmadhye 'ekAne dusar2yAcyA jivAvara jagaNe', asA bhAva vizeSatvAne disato. jaina tattvajJAnAta jIvAce kAryAnusArI lakSaNa detAnA 'parasparopagraho jIvAnAm' ase dile jAte. yA lakSaNAta sarva prakAracyA jIvajAtIprajAtIMnI ekamekAMnA jagAyalA paraspara sahakArya karaNyAcA bhAva asalyAmuLe arthAtaca dAna, madata, sevA i.nA bhakkama saiddhAMtika AdhAra lAbhato. pariNAmI sarva prakAracyA Arthika starAtIla jaina vyaktIMnA manApAsUna dAna deNyAcI urmI vizeSa karUna disUna yete. 5) 'paMdharA karmAdAna' arthAt niSiddha vyavasAya : jaina zrAvakAcArAta, 'koNate vyavasAya karAveta va koNate karU nayeta', yAbAbata mArgadarzana ADhaLate. zrAvakAcArAtIla paMdharAhI niSiddha vyavasAya Adhunika paristhitIta niSiddha TharavatA yeta nAhIta. tarIhI madya, mAMsa, kAtaDe, ziMga, kesa, rezIma, hastidaMta, mAsemArI i. pratyakSa hiMsAdhAra vyavasAyAMmadhye jaina vyaktI sahajI praveza karIta nAhI. niSiddha vyavasAyAMviSayIce he saMketa bar2yAca aMzI pALalyAmuLe, jainetarAMnA he prAMta khule rAhile. pariNAmI vyApaka samAjahitAcyA dRSTIne te hitakArakaca Tharale. 6) tapa, upavAsa va niyama grahaNa yAMnA vizeSa sthAna : mahAvratAMce pUrNa pAlana karaNe, zrAvakAlA zakya nasalyAne yathAzaktI dharma pAlana karaNArA pratyeka zrAvaka, prAya: viziSTa dhArmika kAlAvadhIta tarI nakkIca tapa, upavAsa athavA viziSTa goSTIMcyA tyAgAcA niyama grahaNa karato. ase yathAzaktI niyama pAlana 'jainatvA'cI oLakha mhaNUnaca gaNalI pAhije. 7) kSamApanA : paryuSaNaparvAnaMtara jaina samAjAkaDUna pALalA jANArA kSamApanecA divasa hA saMvarAce sAdhana asalelyA dazavidhadharmAMpaikI eka sadguNa jo 'kSamA'-tyAcyA AcArAtmaka pratibiMbAvara AdhAralelA Ahe. 8) zrAddha, pitara, piMDa va itara tatsama cAlIrItIMcA abhAva : vedakALApAsUna Adhunika kALAparyaMta zrAddha, pitara, piMDa, va itara cAlIrItI hA hiMdU samAjAcA eka AvibhAjya ghaTaka banalelA Ahe. zaharIkaraNAmuLe hiMdUsamAjAtIla yA cAlI kAhIzA kamI disata asalyA tarI, madhyama choTI gAve, kheDI i. madhye yAMce prAyaH pAlana kele jAte. agadI turaLaka apavAda vagaLatA jaina samAjAne he vidhI ucalalele nAhIta. tyAce kAraNa tyAMcyA punarjanmaviSayaka siddhAMtAta Ahe. jIvAne dehatyAga kelyAnaMtara kAhI kSaNAtaca to dusare zarIra dhAraNa karato. tyAmuLe pitara, piMDa, zrAddha i.nA muLIsuddhA vAva rahAta nAhI. hyA spaSTa saiddhAMtika mAnyateta badala karaNyAcI AvazyakatA jaina samAjAlA koNatyAhI kALAta vATalI nAhI. 9) jaina tattvajJAnAcA vijJAnAnukUlatecyA dizene abhyAsa : ___ jaina tattvajJAnAcI paryAvaraNarakSaNAlA asalelI anukUlatA, paramANu-siddhAMtAcA navA anvayArtha, gotrakarmAcA AnuvaMzazAstrAzI asalelA saMbaMdha, sammUrchimajIva ANi kloniMga, jaina tattvajJAnAtUna miLaNAre utkrAMtivAdAlA anukUla ase saMketa-hyA ANi azA aneka vaijJAnika dizAMnI jainavidyecyA saMzodhanAce prayatna cAlU Aheta. jainavidyecyA abhyAsAlA Adhunika kALAta miLata cAlalele he abhinava vaLaNa, atyaMta AzAdAyI ANi tattvajJAnAcI mahattA adhorekhita karaNAre Ahe.
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________________ 7) kALAcyA oghAta nirmANa jhAlele doSa : __ AttAparyaMtacyA varNanAvarUna ase vATela kI jainatva japaNyAsAThI kelele sarva badala sakArAtmakaca Aheta kI kAya ? arthAtaca he khare nAhI. badala-parivartana karUna gheta asatAnA svAbhAvikapaNe doSa he udbhavaNAraca. gRhamayUra' vRttI, saMpradAya-saMpradAyAta kaTTApaNA-vaimanasya-teDha, Arthika ghoTALyAMzI saMbaMdha, dAnAta daDalelI dimAkha dAkhaviNyAcI vRttI, samAraMbhI baDejAva-DAmaDaula, 'aho rUpaM aho dhvani:'-azA prakAre puraskArAMcI relacela, sAmAjika pratiSThece daDapaNa, hAva athavA aTTAhAsa, 'jaina soDUna je itara te pAkhaMDa'-azI vRttI, Arthika bharabharATIsAThI sAdhu-buvA-jyotiSAMkaDe ghetalelI dhAva-he ANi itarahI aneka doSa jaina samAjAbAbata dRSTotpattIsa ANUna dile jAtAta ANi yetIla. ___ paraMtu yAtIla kityeka doSa ase Aheta kI je kALAcyA oghAta ekaMdara samAjAtaca khatapANI ghAlUna jopAsalele Aheta, kevaLa 'jaina' asalyAmuLe Alele nAhIta. 'bhraSTAcAra hAca ziSTAcAra' azA sArvatrika naitika adha:patanAcyA kALAta he jaina-he jainetara' azI taphAvata karUna Thokata rahANe ucita navhe. ___ atyaMta varacA malaIdAra stara (creamy layer) ANi nimna stara he vagaLatA sAmAnyata: jaina samAja dharmapremI, kauTuMbika va aMtargata bhAvanika saMbaMdha japaNArA, saMkaTakALI tatparatene madatIsAThI puDhe hoNArA, taDajoDavAdI ANi itarAMzI ekarUpa hotA hotA svata:ce 'jainatva' japaNyAcI tArevaracI kasarata karaNArA asA Ahe. te badala ANi parivartane to sahaja svIkArato je mUlabhUta tattvajJAnAcyA caukaTIzI susaMgata TharatAta. ___ tattvajJAnAce abhyAsaka sAmAnyataH samajatAta tase 'jaina' mhaNaje kevaLa 'jaina darzana' navhe. hI eka svAyatta, prAcIna paraMparA Ahe. tyA paraMparelA ticA mhaNUna khAsa itihAsa, tattvajJAna, sAhitya, AcArapraNAlI ANi kalAnirmitIcI preraNA Ahe. yA sarva prAMtAta jainAMnI bhAratIya saMskRtIlA dilele yogadAna, 'saMkhyAbala' pAhatA, kharokharaca lakSaNIya Ahe !!! **********