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________________ jaina-paramparAmeM santa aura unakI sAdhanA-paddhati DaoN. devendrakumAra zAstrI, nImaca jaina santa : lakSaNa tathA svarUpa sAmAnyataH bhAratIya santa sAdhu, muni, tapasvI yA yatike nAmase abhihita kie jAte haiN| samayako gatizIla dhArAmeM sAdha-santoMke itane nAma pracalita rahe haiM ki una sabako ginAnA isa choTese nibandhameM sambhava nahIM hai| kintu yaha nizcita rUpase kahA jA sakatA hai ki jaina-paramparAmeM sAdhu, muni tathA zramaNa zabda vizeSa rUpase pracalita rahe haiM / sAdhu cAritravAle santoMke nAma haiM-zramaNa, saMyata, RSi, muni, sAdhu, vItarAga, anagAra, bhadanta, danta yA yati / bauddha paramparAke zramaNa, kSapaNaka tathA bhikSu zabdoMkA prayoga bhI jainavAGmayameM jaina sAdhuoMke lie dRSTigata hotA hai| hamArI dhAraNA yaha hai ki sAdhu tathA zramaNa zabda atyanta prAcIna haiN| zaurasenI Agama granthoMmeM tathA namaskAra-mantra meM 'sAhU' zabdakA hI prayoga milatA hai| paravartI kAlameM jaina Agama granthoMmeM tathA AcArya kundakunda AdikI racanAoMmeM sAha tathA samaNa donoM zabdoMke prayoga bhalI-bhA~ti lakSita hote haiM / sAdhukA artha hai-ananta jJAnAdi svarUpa zuddhAtmAkI sAdhanA karanevAlA / jo anantajJAna, anantadarzana, anantavIrya, anantasukha aura kSAyika samyavatvAdi guNoMkA sAdhaka hai, vaha sAdhu kahA jAtA hai| 'santa' zabdase bhI yahI bhAva dhvanita hotA hai kyoMki sata, cit aura Anandako upalabdha honevAlA santa kahalAtA hai| isI prakAra jise zatru aura bandhu varga, sukha-duHkha, prazaMsA-nindA, miTTIke Dhele, svarNa aura jIvana-maraNake prati sadA samatAkA bhAva banA rahatA hai, vaha zramaNa hai / dUsare zabdoMmeM jisake rAga-dveSakA dvaita prakaTa nahIM hotA, jo satata vizuddhadRSTijJapti-svabhAva zuddhAtma-tattvakA anubhava karatA hai, vahI saccA sAdhu kiMvA santa hai| isa prakAra dharmapariNata svarUpavAlA AtmA zuddhopayogameM lIna hone ke kAraNa saccA sukha athavA mokSasukha prApta karatA hai / sAdhu-santoMkI sAdhanAkA yahI ekamAtra lakSya hotA hai| jo zuddhopayogI zramaNa hote hai, ve rAga-dveSAdise rahita dharma-pariNati svarUpa zaddha sAdhyako upalabdha karanevAle hote haiM, unheM hI uttama muni kahate haiN| kintu prArambhika bhUmikAmeM unake nikaTavartI zubhopayogI sAdhu bhI gauNa rUpase zramaNa kahe jAte haiM / vAstavameM parama jinako ArAdhanA karanemeM sabhI jaina santa-sAdhu sva-zuddhAtmAke hI ArAdhaka hote haiM kyoMki nijAtmAkI ArAdhanA karake hI ve karma-zatruoMkA vinAza karate haiM / sAdhuke aneka guNa kahe gae haiN| kintu unameM mUla guNoMkA honA atyanta anivArya hai| mUlaguNake binA koI jaina sAdhu nahIM ho sktaa| mUlaguNa hI ve bAharI lakSaNa haiM jinake AdhArapara jaina santakI 1. samaNotti saMjadotti ya risimuNisAdhutti vIdarAgotti / NAmANi sUvihidANaM aNagAra bhadaMta daMtotti / / malAcAra, gA0 886 "anantajJAnAdizuddhAtmasvarUpaM sAdhayantIti sAdhavaH |"-dhvlaa TIkA, 1, 1, 1 3. samasattubandhuvaggo samasuhadukkho pasaMsaNi dasamo / samaloTThakaMcaNo puNa jIvidamaraNe samo samaNo / pravacanasAra, gA0 241 -123
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________________ parIkSAkI jAtI hai / yathArtha meM nirvikalpatAmeM sthita rahane vAle sAmya dazAko prApta sAdhu hI uttama kahe jAte haiM / parantu adhika samaya taka koI bhI zramaNa-santa nirvikalpa dazAmeM sthita nahIM raha sakatA / ataeva samyak rUpase vyavahAra cAritrakA pAlana karate hue avicchinna rUpase sAmAyikamai ArUr3ha hote haiN| cAritrakA uddezya mUlameM samatAbhAvakI upAsanA hai kyA digambara aura kyA zvetAmbara - donoM paramparAoM meM muniyoMke cAritrako mahattva diyA gayA hai| nAritra do prakArakA kahA gayA hai-- samyaktvAcaraNa cAritra aura saMyamAcaraNa cAritra / prathama sarvajJa dvArA upadiSTa jinAgana meM pratipAdita tasvArthake svarUpako yathArtha jAnakara zraddhAna karanA tathA zaMkAdi aticAra mala-doSa rahita nirmalatA sahita niHzaMkita Adi aSTAMga guNoMkA prakaTa honA samyaktvAcaraNa cAritra hai / dvitIya mahAvratAdise yukta aTThAIsa mUlaguNoM kA saMyamAcaraNa hai'| paramArthame to zramaNa ke nirvikalpa sAmAyika saMyama rUpa eka hI prakArakA abheda cAritra hotA hai| kintu usameM vikalpa yA bhavarUpa honese zramaNoMke mUlaguNa kahe jAte haiN| digambara paramparAke anusAra sabhI kAlake tIrthaMkaroMke zAsana meM sAmAyika saMyamakA hI upadeza diyA jAtA rahatA hai| kintu antima tIrthakara mahAvIra tathA Adi tIrthaMkara RSabhadevane chedopasthApanAkA upadeza diyA thaa| isakA kAraNa mukhya rUpase ghora mithyAtvI jIvoMkA honA kahA jAtA hai| Adi tIrtha meM loga sarala the aura antimameM kuTila buddhi vAle aThAIsa mUlaguNa isa prakAra kahe gae haiM : pA~ca mahAvrata, pA~ca samiti, pA~ca indriyoMkA nirodha, chaha Avazyaka, kezaloMca, nagnatva, asnAna, bhUmizayana, dantadhAvana varjana, khar3e hokara bhojana aura eka bAra AhAra | zvetAmbara paramparAmeM bhI pA~ca mahAvratoMko anivArya rUpase mAnA gayA hai / pA~ca mahAvratoM aura pA~ca samitiyoMke binA koi jaina muni nahIM ho sakatA / 'sthAnAMgasUtra' meM daza prakArakI samAdhiyoMmeM pA~ca mahAvrata tathA pA~ca samiti - kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| pA~ca mahAvratoMmeM saba prakArake parigrahakA tyAga ho jAtA hai| jahAM sampUrNa parigrahakA tyAga hai, vahA~ sabhI vastroMkA bhI tyAga hai / kahA bhI hai- sampUrNa vastroMkA tyAga, acelakatA yA nagnatA, kezaloMca karanA, zarIrAdise mamatva chor3anA yA kAyotsarga karanA aura mayUrapicchikA dhAraNa karanA - yaha cAra prakArakA autsargika liMga hai" / zvetAmbaroMke mAnya Agama granthameM bhI sAdhuke aThAIsa mUlaguNoM se kaI bAteM samAna milatI hai| " sthAnAMgasUtra' meM ullekha hai - 'Aryo |'....maiNne pA~ca mahAvratAtmaka, saMpratikramaNa aura aladharmakA nirUpaNa kiyA hai / Aryo / maiMne nagnabhAvatva, muNDabhAva, astAna, dantaprakSAlana- varjana, chatra-varjana, pAdukA-varjana, bhUmi-zayyA, kezaloca AdikA nirUpaNa kiyA hai / zvetAmbara - paramparAmeM sAdhuke mUlaguNoMkI 1. jiNaNANaviddhiM paDhamaM sammattacaraNacAritaM / vidiyaM saMjamacaraNaM jiNaNAsadesiyaM taM pi // cAritapAhuDa, gA0 5 2. bAvIsaM titthayarAM sAmAiyasaMjama uvadisaMti / cheduvaTThAvaNiyaM puNa bhayavaM usaho ya vIro ya / mUlAcAra, mA0533 3. vadasamididiya rodho locAvassayamacelamaNhANaM / khidirAyaNamadatabhAvaNaM ThidibhoyaNamevabhaktaM ca // ede khalu mUlaguNA samaNANaM jiNavarehi paNNattA / pravacanasAra, gA0 208-201 4. ThANAMgasutta svA0 10 sUtra 8 5. accelakkaM loco vosadusarIradA ya paDilihaNaM / eso hu liMgakappo caduvviho hodi ussage || bhagavatI ArAdhanA, gA0 82 6. muni nathamala uttarAdhyayana- eka samIkSAtmaka adhyayana, kalakattA, 1968, pR0 128 - 124 - J
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________________ saMkhyA sAmAnyataH chaha mAnI gaI hai| jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNane mUlaguNoMkI saMkhyA pA~ca aura chaha donoMkA ullekha kiyA hai samyaktvase sahita pA~ca mahAvratoMko unhoMne pA~ca mUlaguNa kahA hai| ina pA~ca mahAvatoMke sAtha rAtribhojana-viramaNa milAkara mUlagaNoMkI saMkhyA chaha kahI jAtI hai| ___ vAstavameM jaina sAdhu-santoMkA saccA svarUpa digambara mudrAmeM virAjita vItarAgatAmeM hI lakSita hotA hai / ataeva sabhI bhAratIya sampradAyoMmeM samAnAntara rUpase digambaratvakA mahattva kisI-na-kisI rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| yogiyoMmeM paramahaMsa sAdhuoMkA sthAna sarvazreSTha samajhA jAtA hai / AjIvaka zramaNa nagna rUpameM hI vihAra karate the| isI prakAra hinduoMke kApAlika sAdhu nAgA hI hote haiM jo Aja bhI vidyamAna haiM / yaha paramparA atyanta prAcIna mAnI jAtI hai / bhAratIya santoMkI paramparA vaidika aura zramaNa-ina do rUpoMmeM atyanta prAcIna kAlase pravAhita rahI hai| ise hI hama dUsare zabdoMmeM RSi-paramparA tathA muni-paramparA kaha sakate haiM / muni-paramparA AdhyAtmika rahI hai jisakA sabhI prakArase Arhata saMskRtise sambandha rahA hai| RSi-paramparA vedoMko pramANa mAnanevAlI pUrNataH bArhata rahI hai| zramaNa muni vastu-svarUpake vijJAnI tathA Atma-dharmake upadeSTA rahe haiN| Atma-dharmakI sAdhanAke binA koI saccA zramaNa nahIM ho sktaa| zramaNaparamparAke kAraNa brAhmaNa dharmameM vAnaprastha aura saMnyAsako prazraya milA / jainadharmameM prArambhase hI vAnaprasthake rUpameM ailaka, kSullaka (laMgoTI dhAraNa karane vAle) sAdhakoMkA varga digambara-paramparAmeM pracalita rahA hai| saMnyAsIke rUpameM pUrNa nagna sAdhu hI mAnya rahe haiM / kevala jaina sAhityameM hI nahIM, veda, upaniSad, purANAdi sAhityameM bhI zramaNa-saMskRtike puraskartA 'zramaNa'kA ullekha tapasvIke rUpameM parilakSita hotA hai| ina ullekhoMke AdhArapara jainadharma ke matakI prAcInatAkA nizcita hotA hai| itanA hI nahIM, isa kAla-cakrakI dhArAmeM abhimata prathama tIrthakara RSabhadevakA bhI sAdara ullekha vaidika vAGmaya tathA hindU purANoMmeM milatA hai / ataeva inakI prAmANikatAmeM koI sandeha nahIM hai| purANa-sAhityake adhyayanase yaha bhI spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki bhikSuoMke pA~ca mahAvrata yA yama sarvamAnya the| 'jAbAlopaniSad'kA yaha varNana bhI dhyAna dene yogya hai ki nirgrantha, niSparigrahI, nagnadigambara sAdhu brahma mArgameM saMlagna hai| upaniSad-sAhityameM 'turIyAtIta' arthAt sarvatyAgI saMnyAsiyoMkA 1. vizeSAvazyaka bhASya, gA0 1829 2. sammatta sameyAI mahavvayANuvvayAI mUlaguNA / vahI, gA. 1244 3. DA0 vAsudevazaraNa agravAla : jaina sAhityakA itihAsa, pUrva pIThikAse uddhRta, pR0 13 4. "tRdilA atRdilAso adrayo zramaNA azRthitA amRtyavaH |'-Rgved, 10, 94, 11 "zramaNo zramaNastApato tApaso...." bRhadAraNyaka, 4, 3, 22 / "vAtarazanA ha vA RSayaH zramaNA Urdhvamanthino babhUva"-taittirIya AraNyaka, 2 prapAThaka, 7 anuvAka, 1-2tathA-taittarIyopaniSada 2, 7 "vAtarazanA ya RSayaH zramaNA urdhvmnthinH|"-shriimdbhaagvt 11, 6, 47 "yatra lokA na lokAH....zramaNo na shrmnnstaapso|"-brhmopnissd "AtmArAmAH samadRzaH prAyazaH zramaNAH janAH |"--shriimdbhaagvt 12, 3, 18 5. asteyaM brahmacaryaJca alobhastyAga eva ca / vratAni paMca bhikSaNAmahiMsA paramAtviha / / liMgaparANa. 89. 24 6. "yathAjAtarUpadharo nirgrantho niSparigrahastattad brahmamArge...."-jAbAlopaniSad, pR0 260 - 125 -
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________________ jo varNana kiyA gayA hai, unameM paramahaMsa sAdhakI bhA~ti apanI uttama caryA lie hae Atma-jJAna-dhyAnameM lIna digambara jaina sAdhu kahe jAte hai / saMnyAsIko bhI apane zuddharUpameM digambara batAyA gayA hai / TIkAkAroMne 'avadhUta' kA artha digambara kiyA hai| bhartRharine digambara mudrAkA mahattva batAte hue yaha kAmanAkI thI ki maiM isa avasthAko kaba prApta hoU~gA? kyoMki digambarattvake binA karma-jaMjAlase mukti prApta karanA sambhava nahIM hai| sAdhanA-paddhati yathArthameM svabhAvakI ArAdhanAko sAdhanA kahate haiN| svabhAvakI ArAdhanAke samaya samasta laukika karma tathA vyAvahArika pravRtti gauNa ho jAtI hai, kyoMki usameM rAga-dveSakI pravRtti hotI hai| vAstavameM pravRttikA / mUla rAga kahA gayA hai / ataH rAga-dveSake tyAgakA nAma nivRtti hai| rAga-dveSakA sambandha bAharI para-padArthoMse honeke kAraNa unakA bhI tyAga kiyA jAtA hai, kintu tyAgakA mUla rAga-dveSa-mohakA abhAva hai| jaise-jaise yaha jIva Atma-svabhAvameM lIna hotA jAtA hai, vaise-vaise dhArmika kriyA pravRtti rUpa vrata-niyamAdi sahaja hI chUTate jAte haiM / sAdhaka dazAmeM sAdhu jina mUla guNoM tathA uttara guNoMko sAdhyake nimitta samajhakara pUrvameM aMgIkAra karatA hai, vyavahArameM unakA pAlana karatA huA bhI unase sAkSAt mokSakI prApti nahI mAnatA / isIlie kahA gayA hai ki vyavahArameM bandha hotA hai aura svabhAvameM lIna honese mokSa hotA hai| isIlie svabhAvakI ArAdhanAke samaya vyahArako gauNa kara denA caahie| jinakI vyavahArakI hI ekAnta mAnyatA hai, ve sukhadukhAdi karmose chUTa kara kabhI sacce sukhako upalabdha nahIM hote| kyoMki vyavahAra para-padArthoke Azrayase hotA hai aura unake hI Azrayase rAga-dvaSake bhAva hote haiN| parantu paramArtha nija AtmAzrita hai, isalie karma-pravRtti chur3Aneke lie paramArthakA upadeza diyA gayA hai| vyavahArakA Azraya to abhavya jIva bhI grahaNa karate haiN| vrata, samiti, gupti, tapa aura zIlakA pAlana karate hue bhI ve sadA mohI, ajJAnI bane rahate haiM / jo aisA mAnate haiM ki para-padA jIvameM rAga-dveSa utpanna karate haiM, to yaha ajJAna hai| kyoMki AtmAke utpanna honevAle rAgadveSakA kAraNa apane hI azuddha pariNAma haiM, anya dravya to nimittamAtra haiN| paramArthameM atmA ananta zakti sampanna caitanya nimitta kI apekSA mAtra nitya, abheda eka rUpa hai| usameM aisI svacchatA hai ki darpaNakI bhA~ti jaba jaisA nimitta milatA hai vaisA svayaM pariNamana karatA hai, usako anya koI pariNamAtA nahIM hai| kintu jinako AtmasvarUpakA jJAna nahIM hai, ve aisA mAnate haiM ki AtmAko paradravya jaisA yaha pariNamana karatA hai / yaha mAnyatA ajJAnapUrNa hai kyoMki jise kArya ke puruSArthakA patA hogA, vahI anya dravyakI 1. "saMnyAsaH SaDvidho bhavati-kuTicakraM bahudakahaMsa paramahaMsa turIyAtIta avadhUzruti |-sNnyaasopnissd,13 turIyAtIta-sarvatyAgI turIyAtIto gomukhavRtyA phalAhArI ceti gRhatyAgI dehamAtrAvaziSTo digambaraH kuNapavaccharIravRttikaH / 2. ekAkI nispRhaH zAntaH pANipAtro digambaraH / kadA zambho bhaviSyAmi karmanirmalanakSamaH // vairAgyazataka, 58, vi0 saM0 1982 kA saMskaraNa 3. vavahArAdo baMdho mokkho jamhA shaavsNjutto| tamhA kuru taM gauNaM sahAvamArAhaNAkAle / nayacakra, gA0 242 4. vadasamidIguttio sIlatavaM jiNavarehi paNNattaM / kuvvato vi abhavvo aNNANI micchadiTThI du / / samayasAra, gA0273 - 126 -
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________________ kriyAko badalakara use zaktihIna kara sakatA hai; parantu sabhI dravya apane-apane pariNamanameM svatantra haiN| unako mUlarUpase banAne aura miTAnekA bhAva karanA kartRttvarUpa ahaMkAra hai, ghora ajJAna hai| jainadarzana kahatA hai ki ekAntase dvaita yA advaita nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai / kintu lokameM puNya-pApa, zabha-azabha ihaloka-paraloka, andhakAra-prakAza, jJAna-ajJAna, bandha-mokSakA honA pAyA jAtA hai, ataH vyavahArase mAna lenA caahie| yaha kathana bhI ucita nahIM hai ki karmadvaita, lokadvaita AdikI kalpanA avidyAke nimittase hotI hai kyoMki vidyA avidyA aura bandha-mokSakI vyavasthA advaitameM nahIM ho sakatI hai| hetuke dvArA yadi advaitakI siddhi kI jAe, to hetu tathA sAdhyake sadbhAvameM dvaitakI bhI siddhi ho jAtI hai| isI prakAra hetuke binA yadi advaitakI siddhikI jAye, to vacana mAtrase haitakI siddhi ho jAtI hai| ataeva kisI apekSAse dvaitako aura kisI apekSAse advaitako mAnA jA sakatA hai; kintu vastu-sthiti vaisI honI cAhie kyoMki Atmadravya paramArthase bandha aura mokSameM advaitakA anusaraNa karanevAlA hai| isI vicAra-saraNike anurUpa paramArthonmukhI hokara vyavahAramArgameM pravRttikA upadeza kiyA gayA hai| AcArya kundakundakA kathana hai-sAdhu puruSa sadA samyakadarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritrakA sevana kreN| paramArthameM ina tInoMko AtmasvarUpa hI jAne / paramArtha yA nizcaya abheda rUpa hai aura vyavahAra bheda rUpa hai| jinAgamakA samasta vivecana paramArtha aura vyavahAra-donoM prakArase kiyA gayA hai / yehI donoM anekAntake mUla hai| sAdhanA : krama va bheda jisa prakAra jJAna, jJapti, jJAtA aura jJeyakA pratipAdana kiyA jAtA hai, usI prakArase sAdhana, dhanA, sAdhaka aura sAdhyakA bhI vicAra kiyA gayA hai| sAdhanase hI sAdhanAkA krama nizcita hotA hai / sAdhanakA nizcaya sAdhya-sAdhaka sambandhase kiyA jAtA hai| sambandha dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAvake AdhArapara nizcita kiyA jAtA hai| jahA~ para abheda pradhAna hotA hai aura bheda gauNa athavA dravya, kSetra, kAla tathA bhAvakI pratyAsatti hotI hai, use sambandha kahate haiM / svabhAva mAtra svasvAmittvamayI sambandha-zakti kahI jAtI hai| sAdhanAke mUlameM yahI pariNamanazIla lakSita hotI hai| jainadarzanake anusAra manuSyamAtrakA sAdhya karmaklezase mUkti yA Atmopalabdhi hai| apane asAdhAraNa guNase yukta sva-paraprakAza AtmA svayaM sAdhaka hai| dUsare zabdoMse zuddha AtmAkI svataH upalabdhi sAdhya hai aura azuddha AtmA sAdhaka hai| Atmadravya nirmala jJAnamaya hai jo paramAtmA rUpa hai / isa prakAra sAdhyako siddha karane ke lie jina antaraMga aura bahiraMga nimittoMkA Alambana liyA jAtA hai, unako sAdhana kahA jAtA hai aura tadrUpa pravRttiko sAdhanA 1. ajJAnatastu satRNAbhyavahArakArI jJAnaM svayaM kila bhavannapi rajyate yaH / pItvA jJAnaM dadhIkSumadhurAmlarasAtigRddhayA gAM dogdhi dugdhamiva nUnamasau rasAlAm // -samayasArakalaza zlo0 57 2. karmadvaitaM phaladvaitaM lokadvaitaM ca no bhavet / vidyA vidyAdvayaM na syAda bandhamokSadvayaM tathA / / hetoradvaitasiddhizced dvaitaM syAvatusAdhyayoH / hetunA cedvinA siddhidvaitaM vAGmAtrato na kim / / AptamImAMsA pa02, kA0 25-26 3. daMsaNaNANacarittANi sevidanvANi sAhaNA Nicca / tANi puNa jANa tiNNi vi appANaM ceva Nicchayado / / samayasAra, gA0 16 4. jehau Nimmalu NANamau siddhihiM Nivasai deu / tehau Nivasai baMbhu paru dehahaM maM kari bheu // paramAtmaprakAza, 1, 26 3 -127 -
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________________ kahate haiM / jainadharmakI mUladhurI vItarAgatA hai / vItarAgatAkI pariNatimeM jo nimitta hotA hai, use hI lokameM sAdhana yA kAraNa kahA jAtA hai / vItarAgatAkI prAptimeM samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra va tapa sAdhana kahe jAte haiN| inako hI jinAgamameM ArAdhanA nAma diyA gayA hai / ArAdhanAkA mUla sUtra hai-vastu-svarUpakI vAstavika pahacAna / jise AtmAkI pahacAna nahIM hai, vaha vartamAna tathA anubhUyamAna zuddha dazAkA bodha nahIM kara sakatA / ataeva sakarmA tathA abandha-donoM hI dazAoMkA vAstavika parijJAna kara sAdhaka bheda-vijJAnake balapara muktikI ArAdhanAke mArgapara agrasara ho sakatA hai / jainadharmakI muladhArA vItarAgatAse upalakSita vItarAga pariNati hai| use lakSakara jisa sAdhanApaddhatikA nirvacana kiyA gayA hai, vaha ekAntataH na to jJAnapradhAna hai, na cAritrapradhAna aura na kevala muktipradhAna / vAstavameM isameM tInoMkA samyak samanvaya hai| dUsare zabdoMmeM yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki yaha samyaka darzana-jJAnamUlaka cAritrapradhAna sAdhanA-paddhati hai / yathArthameM cAritra puruSakA darpaNa hai / cAritrake nirmala darpaNameM hI paruSakA vyaktitva samyaka prakAra pratibimbita hotA hai| vAstavameM cAritra hI dharma hai| jo dharma hai vaha sAmya hai-aisA jinAgamameM kahA gayA hai / moha, rAga-dveSase rahita AtmAkA pariNAma sAmya hai / jisa guNake nirmala honepara anya dravyoMse bhinna saccidAnanda vijJAnaghanasvabhAvI kAlika dhruva AtmacaitanyakI pratIti ho, use samyagdarzana kahate haiM / samyagdarzanake sAtha avinAbhAva rUpase bheda-vijJAna yukta jo hai, vahI samyagjJAna hai tathA rAga-dveSa va yogakI nivRtti pUrvaka svAtma-svabhAvameM saMlIna honA samyakacAritra hai| ye tInoM sAdhana kramase pUrNa hote haiN| sarvaprathama samyagdarzanakI pUrNatA hotI hai, tadanantara samyagjJAnakI aura antameM samyakcAritrameM pUrNatA hotI hai| ataeva ina tInoMkI pUrNatA hone para hI AtmA vibhAva-bhAvoM tathA karma-bandhanoMse mukta hokara pUrNa vizuddhatAko upalabdha hotA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki ye tInoM milakara mokSake sAdhana mAne gae haiN| inameMse kisI ekake bhI apUrNa rahanepara mokSa nahIM ho sktaa| jainadharma vizuddha AdhyAtmika hai / ataH jaina sAdhu-santoMkI caryA bhI AdhyAtmika hai| kintu anya santoMse inakI vilakSaNatA yaha hai ki inakA adhyAtma cAritranirapekSa nahIM hai| jaina santoMkA jIvana athase iti taka paramArtha cAritrase bharapUra hai| unakI sabhI pravRttiyA~ vyavahAra cAritra sApekSa hotI hai| dUsare zabdoMmeM jaina manta samanvaya aura samatAke Adarza hote haiN| unameM darzana, jJAna aura cAritrakA samanvaya tathA sukha-duHkhAdi paristhitiyoMmeM samatAbhAva lakSita hotA hai| unakA cAritra rAga-dveSa, mohase rahita hotA hai / isa prakAra antaraMga aura bahiraMga-donoMse ArAdhanA karate hae jo vItarAga cAritrake avinAbhUta nija zuddhAtmAkI bhAvanA karate haiM, unheM sAdhu kahate haiM / uttama sAdhu svasaMvedanagamya paramanirvikalpa samAdhimeM nirata 1. ujjovaNamujjavaNaM NivvahaNaM sAhaNaM ca NiccharaNaM / dasaNaNANacarittaM tavANamArAhaNA bhaNidA / / bhagavatI ArAdhanA, a01, gA0 2 2, cArittaM khalu dhammo dhammo jo so samo tti NiddiTTho / mohakkhoha vihINo pariNAmo appaNo hu samo // pravacanasAra, gA0 7 "AbhyantaranizcayacaturvidhArAdhanAbalena ca bAhyAbhyantaramokSamArgadvitIyanAmAbhidheyena kRtvA yaH kartA vItarAgacAritrAvinAbhUtaM svazuddhAtmAnaM sAdhayati bhAvayati sa sAdhurbhavati / " -bRhadravyasaMgraha, gA0 54 kI vyAkhyA tathAdaMsaNaNANasamaggaM maggaM mokkhassa jo hu cArittaM / . sAdhayadi NiccasuddhaM sAhU sa muNI Namo tassa ||-drvysNgrh, gA0 54 - 128 -
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________________ rahate haiN| jJAnAnanda svarUpakA sAdhaka sAdhu AtmAnandako prApta karatA hI hai| ataH sarvakriyAoMse rahita sAdhuko jJAnakA Azraya hI zaraNabhUta hotA hai| kahA bhI hai-jo paramArtha svarUpa jJAnabhAvameM sthita nahIM haiM, ve bhale hI vrata, saMyama rUpa tapa AdikA AcaraNa karate rheN| kintu yathArtha mokSamArga unase dUra hai| kyoMki puNya-pApa rUpa zubhAzubha kriyAoMkA niSedha kara dene para karmarahita zuddhopayogakI pravRtti hone para sAdhu AzrayahIna nahIM hote / niSkarma avasthA meM bhI svabhAva rUpa nirvikalpa jJAna hI unake lie mAtra zaraNa hai / ataH usa nirvikalpa jJAnameM tallIna sAdha-santa svayaM hI parama sukhakA anubhava karate haiN| duHkhakA kAraNa AkulatA hai aura sukhakA kAraNa hai-niraakuultaa| prazna yaha hai ki AkUlatA kyoM hotI hai ? samAdhAna yaha hai ki upayogake nimittase AkulatA-nirAkulatA hotI hai / upayoga kyA hai ? jJAna-darzana rUpa vyApAra upayoga hai| yaha cetanameM ho pAyA jAtA hai, acetanameM nahIM kyoMki cetanA zakti hI upayogakA kAraNa hai / anAdi upayogake tIna prakArake parimANa ho rahe haiM / yadyapi pariNAma AtmAkI svacchatAkA vikAra hai| kintu mohake nimittase yaha jaisA-jaisA pariNamana karatI hai, vaisI-vaisI pariNati pAI jAtI hai| jisa prakAra sphaTika maNi zveta tathA svaccha hotI hai, kintu usake nIce rakhA huA kAgaja lAla yA harA honese vaha maNi bhI lAla yA harI dikhalAI par3atI hai, isI prakAra AtmA apane svabhAvameM zuddha, niraJjana caitanyasvarUpa honepara bhI mithyAdarzana, ajJAna aura avrata-ina tIna upayoga rUpoMmeM anAdi kAlase pariNata ho rahI hai| aisA nahIM hai ki pahale isakA svarUpa zuddha thA, kAlAntarameM azuddha ho gayA ho| isa prakAra mithyAdarzana, ajJAna aura avirati tIna prakArake pariNAma-vikAra samajhanA caahie| inase yukta hone para jIva jisa-jisa bhAvako karatA hai, usa-usa bhAvakA kartA kahA jAtA hai| kintu pravRtti meM cetana-acetana bhinna-bhinna haiN| isaliye ina donoMko eka mAnanA yA apanA mAnanA ajJAna hai aura jo inheM (para padArthoMko) apanA mAnate haiM, ve hI mamatva buddhi kara ahaMkAra--mamakAra karate haiN| isase yahI siddha hotA hai ki kartRtva tathA ahaMkArake mUlameM bhole prANiyoMkA ajJAna ho hai| isaliye jo jJAnI hai, vaha yaha jAne ki para dravyameM ApA mAnanA hI ajJAna hai| aisA nizcaya kara sarva kartatvakA tyAga kara de / vAstavameM jaina sAdhu kisIkA bhI, yahA~ taka ki bhagavAnko bhI apanA kartA nahIM mAnatA hai| karmakI dhArAko badalanevAlA vaha parama puruSArthI hotA hai / satata jJAna-dhArAmeM lIna ho kara vaha apane Atma-puruSArtha ke bala kara muktikA mArga prazasta karatA hai / AtmasvabhAvakA vedana karatA haA jo apane meM hI acala va sthira ho jAtA hai, apane svabhAvase haTatA nahIM hai, vahI sAdhu mokSako upalabdha hotA hai / jaina sAdhukA artha hai-indriyavijayI aatm-jnyaanii| aise AtmajJAnIke do hI pramukha kArya batalAye haiM-dhyAna aura adhyayana / isa bharatakSetrameM vartamAna kAlameM sAdhuke dharmadhyAna hotA hai| yaha dharmadhyAna usa 1. niSiddhe sarvasmin sukRtadurite karmaNi kila pravRtte naiSkarmyaM na khalu munayaH santyazaraNAH / tadA jJAne jJAnaM praticaritameSAM hi zaraNam svayaM vindannete paramamataM tatra virata / / samayasArakalaza zloka 1-4 / 2. uvaogassa aNAiM pariNAmA tiNNi mohajattassa / micchattaM aNNANaM aviradibhAvo ya NAyavvo ||-smysaar, gA0 89 3. edeNa du so kattA AdA Nicchayavihi prikhido| evaM khalu jo jANadi so muMcadi sabbakattittaM ||-vhii, gA0 97 . - 129 -
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________________ munike hotA hai jo AtmasvabhAva meM sthita hai / jo aisA nahIM mAnatA hai, vaha ajJAnI hai, use dharmadhyAnake svarUpakA jJAna nahIM hai / jo vyavahArako dekhatA hai, vaha apane Apako nahIM lakha sakatA hai / isaliye yogI sabhI prakArake vyavahArako chor3a kara paramAtmAkA dhyAna karatA hai / jo yogI dhyAnI muni vyavahAra meM sotA hai, vaha AtmasvarUpa-caryAmeM jAgatA hai / kintu jo vyavahArameM jAgatA hai, vaha AtmacaryA meM sotA rahatA hai / spaSTa hai ki sAdhuke laukika vyavahAra nahIM hai aura yadi hai, to vaha sAdhu nahIM hai / dharmakA vyavahAra saMgha meM rahanA, mahAvratAdikakA pAlana karanemeM bhI vaha usa samaya tatpara nahIM hotA / ataH saba pravRttiyoMkI nivRtti karake AtmadhyAna karatA hai / apane AtmasvarUpameM lIna ho kara vaha dekhatA -- jAnatA hai ki paramajyoti svarUpa saccidAnandakA jo anubhava hai, vahI maiM hU~, anya sabase bhinna hU~ / AcArya kundakundakA kathana hai- jo mohadalakA kSaya karake viSayase virakta ho kara manakA nirodha kara svabhAva meM samavasthita hai, vaha AtmAkA dhyAna karanevAlA hai / jo AtmAzrayI pravRttikA Azraya grahaNa karatA hai, usake hI paradravya-pravRttikA abhAva hone se viSayoMkI viraktatA hotI hai / jaise samudrameM ekAkI saMcaraNazIla jahAja para baiThe hue pakSIke lie usa jahAja ke atirikta anya koI AzrayabhUta sthAna nahIM hai, usI prakAra jJAna-dhyAnase viSaya virakta zuddha cittake lie AtmAke sivAya kisI dravyakA AdhAra nahIM rahatA / AtmAke nirvikalpa dhyAnase hI moha-granthikA bhedana hotA hai / moha--gA~Thake TUTane para phira kyA hotA hai ? ise hI samajhAte hue AcArya kahate haiM - jo mohagranthiko naSTa kara, rAga-dveSakA kSaya kara sukha-duHkhameM samAna hotA huA zrAmaNya yA sAdhutvameM pariNamana karatA hai, vahI akSaya sukhako prApta karatA hai / jinAgamameM zramaNa yA santa do prakArake batAye gae haiM- zuddhopayogI aura zubhopayogI / jo azubha pravRttiyoMse rAga to nahIM karate, kintu jinake vratAdi rUpa zubha pravRttiyoMmeM rAga vidyamAna hai ve sarAga cAritrake dhAraka zramaNa kahe gae haiM / parantu jinake kisI bhI prakArakA rAga nahIM hai, ve vItarAga zramaNa hai / kintu yaha nizcita hai ki samabhAva aura AtmadhyAnakI caryA pUrvaka jo sAdhu vItarAgatAko upalabdha hotA hai, vahI karma-klezoMkA nAzakara saccA sukha yA mokSa prApta karatA hai, anya nahIM / isa sambandhameM jinAgamakA sUtra yahI hai ki rAgI AtmA karma bA~dhatA hai aura rAga rahita AtmA karmoMse mukta hotA hai / nizcayase jIvoMke bandhakA saMkSepa yahI jAnanA cAhie / isakA artha yaha hai ki cAhe gRhastha ho yA santa, sabhI rAga 1. bharahe dussamakAle dhammajjhANaM havei sAhussa / taM appasahAvaThide Nahu bhaNNai so vi aNNANI // -- mokSapAhuDa, gA0 76 2. jo sutto vavahAre so joI jaggae sakajjami / jo jaggadi vavahAre so sutto appaNo kajje // - mokSapAhuDa, gA0 31 3. jo khavidamohakaluso visayaviratto maNo NiraMbhittA / samava do sahAve so appANaM havadi jhAdA / / pravacanasAra, gA0 196 4. jo NihadamohagaMThI rAgapadose khavIya sAmaNNe / hojjaM samasuhadukkho so sokkhaM akkhayaM lahadi / vahI, gA0 195 5. asuheNa rAyarahio vayAirAyeNa jo hu saMjutto / so iha bhaNiya sarAo mukko dohaNaM pi khalu iyaro | nayacakra, gA0 331 6. ratto baMdhadi kammaM muccadi kammehi rAgarahidappA | eso baMdhasamAso jIvANaM jANa Nicchayado / pravacanasAra, gA0 179 - 130 -
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________________ dveSake kAraNa saMsAra-cakrameM Avartana karate haiM aura jaba rAgase chUTa jAte haiM, tabhI muktike kagArapara pahu~cate haiN| kevala sAdhu-santakA bheSa banA lenese yA bAharase dikhane vAlI santocita kriyAoMke pAlana mAtrase koI saccA zramaNa-santa nahIM kahA jA sktaa| jinAgama kyA hai ? yaha samajhAte hue jaba yaha kahA jAtA hai ki jo vizeSa nahIM samajhate haiM, unako itanA hI samajhanA cAhie ki jo vItarAgakA Agama hai usameM rAgAdika viSaya-kaSAyakA abhAva aura sampUrNa jIvoMkI dayA-ye do pradhAna hai| phira, hiMsAkA vAstavika svarUpa hI yaha batAyA gayA hai ki jahA~-jahA~ rAga-dveSa bhAva haiM, vahA~-vahA~ hisA hai aura jahA~ hiMsA hai vahA~ dharma nahIM hai| zramaNa-santa to dharmakI mUrti kahe gae haiN| ve pUjya isIlie haiM ki unameM dharma hai| dharmakA AvirbhAva kI sthitimeM hI hotA hai jo vItarAga cAritrase yakta sAkSAta kevalajJAnako prakaTa karanevAlI hotI hai| yathArthameM nizcaya hI sAdhya svarUpa hai / yahI kahA gayA hai ki bAhya aura antaH paramatattvako jAnakara jJAnakA jJAnameM hI sthira honA nizcayajJAna hai| yathArthameM jisa kAraNase paradravyameM rAga hai, vaha saMsArakA hI kAraNa hai| usa kAraNase hI muni nitya AtmAmeM bhAvanA karate haiM, AtmasvabhAvameM lIna rahanekI bhAvanA bhAte haiN| kyoMki paradravyase rAga karanepara rAgakA saMssAra dRr3ha hotA hai aura vaha vAsanAkI bhA~ti janmajanmAntaroM taka saMyukta rahatA hai| vItarAgatAkI bhAvanA usa saMskArako zithila karatI hai, usakI Asakti se citta parAvRtta hotA hai aura Asaktise haTanepara hI jaina sAdhukI sAdhanA prazasta hotI hai| AcArya samantabhadrane atyanta sarala zabdoMmeM jaina sAdhake cAra vizeSaNoMkA nirdeza kiyA hai-jo viSayoMkI vAMchAse rahita, chaha kAyake jIvoMke ghAtake Arambhase rahita, antaraMga aura bahiraMga parigrahase rahita tathA jJAna-dhyAnatapameM lIna rahate haiM, ve hI tapasvI prazaMsanIya hai / isa prakAra adhyAtma aura Agama-donoMkI paripATImeM jaina santako dhyAna va adhyayanazIla batalAyA hai| dhyAnase hI mana, vacana aura kAya-ina tInoM yogoMkA nirodha hokara mohakA vinAza ho jAtA hai / ___ jaina-paramparAmeM saMsArakA mUla kAraNa moha kahA gayA hai| mohake do bheda haiM-darzanamoha aura cAritramoha / darzanamohake kAraNa hI isa jIvakI mAnyatA viparIta ho rahI hai / samyak mAnyatAkA nAma hI samyaktva hai| mithyAtva, ajJAna aura asaMyamake kAraNa hI yaha jIva saMsArameM anAdi kAlase bhramaNa kara rahA hai / ataeva inase chUTa jAnekA nAma hI mukti hai| mukti kisI sthAna yA vyaktikA nAma nahIM hai| yaha vaha sthiti hai jisameM pratibandhaka kAraNoMke abhAvase vyakta huI paramAtmAkI zakti apane sahaja, svAbhAvika rUpameM prakAzita hotI hai| dUsare zabdoMmeM yaha AtmasvabhAva rUpa hI hai| isa avasthAmeM na to AtmAkA abhAva hotA hai aura na usake kisI guNakA nAza hotA hai aura na saMsArI jIvakI bhAMti indriyA 1. bahiraMta paramataccaM NaccA NANaM khu jaM ThiyaM NANe / __ taM iha NicchayaNANaM puvaM taM muNaha vavahAraM ||-nyckr, gA0 327 2. jeNa rAgo pare davve saMsArassa hi kAraNaM / teNAvi joio NiccaM kujjA appe samAvaNaM ||-moksspaahudd, gA0 71 3. viSayAzAvazAtIto nirArambho parigrahaH / ___ jJAnadhyAnataporaktastapasvI sa prazasyate ||-rtnkrnnddshraavkaacaar, 1, 10 4. jaM appasahAvo mUlottarapayaDisaMciyaM muyai / taM mukkhaM aviruddhaM duvihaM khalu danvabhAvagayaM ||-nyckr, gA0 158 - 131 -
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________________ dhIna pravRtti hotI hai; kintu samasta laukika sukhoMse pare svAdhIna tathA ananta catuSTayayukta ho akSaya, nirAvAsa, satata avasthita saccidAnanda parabrahmakI sthiti banI rahatI hai / AdhyAtmika utthAnake vibhinna caraNa vartamAna meM yaha paramparA digambara aura zvetAmbara rUpase do mukhya sampradAyoMmeM pracalita hai / donoM hI sampradAyoMke sAdhu-santa mUlaguNoM tathA chaha AvazyakoMkA niyamase pAlana karate haiM / digambara-paramparAmeM mUlaguNa aTThAIsa mAne gae haiM, kintu zvetAmbara - paramparAmeM mUlaguNoMkI saMkhyA chaha hai / donoM hI paramparAe~ sAdhanA pramukha cAra aMgoM (samyakdarzana - jJAna cAritra aura tapa ) ko samAna rUpase mahattva detI haiN| isI prakAra darzanake ATha aMga, jJAnake pA~ca aMga, cAritrake pA~ca aMga aura tapakI sAdhanAke bAraha aMga donoMmeM samAna haiM / tapake * antargata bAhya aura antaraMga - donoM prakAra ke tapoMko donoM svIkAra karate haiM / bahiraMga tapake antargata kAyaklezako bhI donoM mahattvapUrNa mAnatI haiM / daza prakArakI samAcArI bhI donoMmeM lagabhaga samAna hai | samAcAra yA samAcArakA artha hai- samatAbhAva / kintu donoMkI caryAoMmeM antara hai / parantu itanA spaSTa hai ki zramaNa-santoMke lie pratyeka caryA, samAcArI, Avazyaka karma tathA sAdhanAke mUlameM samatA bhAva banAye rakhanA anivArya hai / isI prakAra moha Adi karmake nivAraNake lie dhyAna - tapa anivArya mAnA gayA hai / yaha nizcita hai ki bhAratakI sabhI dhArmika paramparAoMne sAdhu-santoMke lie paramatattvake sAkSAtkAra hetu AdhyAtmika utthAnakI vibhinna bhUmikAoMkA pratipAdana kiyA hai / bauddhadarzanameM chaha bhUmiyoMkA varNana kiyA gayA hai| unake nAma haiM-andhapRthagjana, kalyANapRthagjana, zrotApanna, sakRdAgAmI, aupapAtika yA anAgAmI aura arhat / vaidika paramparAmeM maharSi pataMjaline yogadarzana meM citta kI pA~ca bhUmikAoMkA nirUpaNa kiyA hai / ve isa prakAra haiM- kSipta, mUr3ha, vikSipta, ekAgra aura niruddha / vahIM ekAgrake vitarkAnugata, vicArAnugata, AnandAnugata aura asmitAnugata cAra bhedoMkA varNana hai / niruddha ke pazcAt kaivalya yA mokSakI upalabdhi ho jAtI hai / " yogavAziSTha" meM citta kI caudaha bhUmikAe~ batAI gaI | AjIvaka sampradAya meM ATha per3iyoMke rUpameM unakA ullekha kiyA gayA hai, jinameMse tIna avikAsako tathA pA~ca vikAsakI avasthAkI dyotaka haiM / unake nAma haiM - mandA, khiDDA, padavImaMsA, ujugata, sekha, samaNa, jina aura panna / jaina paramparAmeM mukhya rUpase jJAnadhArAkA mahattva hai- kyoMki satyake sAkSAtkAra hetu usakI sarvatomukhena upayogitA hai / jinAgamaparamparAmeM jJAnako kendrameM sthAna diyA hai / ataH eka ora jJAna satyakI mAnyatAse saMyukta hai aura dUsarI ora satyakI mUla pravRtti se sambaddha hai / ise hI Agama meM samyakdarzana -jJAna-cAritra rUpa ratnatraya kahA gayA hai| darzana, jJAna aura cAritrakI sAdhanA meM vivekakI jAgRti Avazyaka hai / AtmAnubhUti se lekara svasaMvedya nirvi kalpaka jJAnakI satata dhArA kisa prakAra kevalajJAnakI sthitiko upalabdha karA detI hai--yahI saMkSepameM jaina zramaNa-santoMkI upalabdhi-kathA hai / ise hI gaNita tathA tarkakI bhASAmeM jinAgamameM bhAvoMkI caudaha avasthAoMke AdhAra para caudaha guNasthAnoMke rUpameM vizada evaM sUkSma vivecita kiyA hai jo jaina gaNitake AdhAra para hI bhalI-bhA~ti samajhA jA sakatA hai| ina sabakA sArAMza yahI hai ki cittake pUrNa nirodha hote hI sAdhaka eka aisI sthitimeM pahu~ca jAtA hai jahA~ sAdhana, sAdhya aura sAdhakameM koI bheda nahIM raha jaataa| isa sthiti meM dhyAnakI siddhike bala para yogI aSTakarma rUpa mAyAkA uccheda kara advitIya paramabrahmako upalabdha ho jAtA hai jo svAnubhUti rUpa paramAnanda svarUpa hai / eka bAra paramapadako prApta karaneke pazcAt phira yaha kabhI mAyAse lipta nahIM hotA aura na ise kabhI avatAra hI lenA par3atA hai / apanI zuddhAtmapariNatiko upalabdha huA zramaNa yogI svAnubhUti rUpa paramAnanda dazAmeM ananta kAla taka nimajjita rahatA hai / ataeva zramaNa-santoMkI sAdhanAkA uddezya zuddhAtma tattva rUpa paramAnandakI sthitiko upalabdha honA kahA jAtA hai / - 132 -
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________________ unake lie paramabrahma hI eka upAdeya hotA hai, zuddhAtmatattvarUpa paramabrahmake sivAya saba heya hai| isaliye upAdeyatAko apekSA paramabrahma advitIya hai / zakti rUpase zuddhAtmasvarUpa jIva aura ananta zuddhAtmAoMke samUha rUpa parabrahmameM aMza-aMzI sambandha hai| parabrahmako upalabdha hote hI ve jIvanmukta ho jAte haiM, unameM aura parabrahmameM koI antara nahIM rahatA hai / yahI isa sAdhanAkA carama lakSya hai / santoMkI avicchinna paramparA saMkSepameM, jaina zramaNa-santoMkI paramparA AtmavAdI tapa-tyAgakI anAdyananta pravahamAna vaha dhArA hai jo atIta, anAgata aura vartamAnakA bhI atikrAntakara satata traikAlika vidyamAna hai| bhAratIya santoMkI sAdhanA-paddhatimeM tyAgakA uccatama Adarza, ahiMsAkA sUkSmatama pAlana, vyaktitvakA pUrNatama vikAsa tathA saMyama evaM tapakI parAkASThA pAI jAtI hai / sAdhanAkI zuddhatA tathA kaThoratAke kAraNa chaThI zatAbdIke pazcAt bhalehI isake anuyAyioMkI saMkhyA kama ho gaI ho, kintu Aja bhI isakI gaurava-garimA kisI bhI prakAra kSINa nahIM huI hai / kevala isa dezameM hI nahIM, dezAntaroMmeM bhI jaina santoMke vihAra karaneke ullekha milate haiN| pAli-grantha "mahAvaMza''ke anusAra laMkAmeM IsvIpUrva cauthI zatAbdImeM nirgrantha sAdhu vidyamAna the| siMhalanareza pANDukAmayane anuruddhapurameM jainamandirakA nirmANa karAyA thaa| tIrthakara mahAvIrake sambandhameM kahA gayA hai ki unhoMne dharma-pracAra karate hue vRkArthaka, vAhlIka, yavana, gAndhAra, kvAthatoya, samudravartI dezoM evaM uttara dizAke tArNa, kArNa evaM pracchAla Adi dezoMmeM vihAra kiyA thaa| yaha eka itihAsaprasiddha ghaTanA mAnI jAtI hai ki sikandara mahAnke sAtha digambara muni kalyANa evaM eka anya digambara santane yUnAnake lie vihAra kiyA thaa| yUnAnI lekhakoMke kathanase bekTriyA aura ithopiyA dezoMmeM zramaNoMke vihArakA patA calatA hai / mizrameM digambara mUrtiyoMkA nirmANa huA thA / vahA~kI kumArI senTamarI AryikAke bheSameM rahatI thI / bhRgukacchake zramaNAcAryane ethensameM pahu~cakara ahiMsAdharmakA pracAra kiyA thA / huenasA~gake varNanase spaSTa rUpase jJAta hotA hai ki sAtavIM zatAbdI taka digambara muni aphagAnistAnameM jainadharmakA pracAra karate rahe haiN| jI0epha0 mUrakA kathana hai ki IsAkI janma zatIke pUrva IrAka, zAma aura philistInameM jaina muni aura bauddha bhikSu saikar3oMkI saMkhyAmeM cAroM ora phailakara ahiMsAkA pracAra karate the / pazcimI eziyA, mizra, yunAna aura ithopiyAke pahAr3oM va jaMgaloMmeM una dinoM agaNita bhAratIya sAdhu rahate the / ve apane AdhyAtmika jJAna aura tyAgake lie prasiddha the jo vastra taka nahIM pahanate the| mejara janarala je0 jI0 Ara0 phalA~gane bhI apanI khojameM batAyA hai ki okasiyanA kespiyA evaM balkha tathA samarakandake nagaroMmeM jainadharmake kendra pAe gae haiM, jahA~se ahiMsAdharmakA pracAra evaM prasAra hotA thaa| vartamAnameM bhI muni suzIlakumAra tathA bhaTrAraka cArukIrtike samAna santa ise jIvita rakhe hae haiN| vigata tIna sahasra varSoMmeM jainadharmakA jo pracAra va prasAra huA, usameM vaizyoMse bhI adhika brAhmaNoM tathA kSatriyoMkA yogadAna rahA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIrake paTTadhara ziSyoMmeM gyAraha gaNadhara the jo sabhI brAhmaNa 1. AcArya jinasena : harivaMzapurANa,3,3-7 2. DA0 kAmatAprasAda jaina : digambaratva aura digambara muni, dvitIya saMskaraNa, pR0 243 3. ThAkuraprasAda zarmA : huenasAMgakA bhAratabhramaNa, iNDiyana presa, prayAga, 1929, pR0 37 4. hukamacanda abhinandana grantha, pR0 374 5. sAinsa Ava kampereTiva rilIjansa, indroDakzana, 1997, pR0 8 -133 -
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________________ the| jainadharmakI paramparAke pravartaka jina caubIsa tIrthaMkaroMkA varNana milatA hai, usase nizcita hai ki sabhI tIrthaMkara kSatriya the| kevala tIrthaMkara hI nahIM, samasta zalAkA puruSa kSatriya kahe jAte haiN| pratyeka kalpakAlameM tiresaTha zalAkA ke puruSa hote haiM / isI prakAra jainadharmake paripAlaka aneka cakravartI mahArAjA hue| jahA~ mahArAjA bimbisAra (zreNika ), samrATa candragupta, pagadhanareza samprati, kaliMganareza khArabela, mahArAjA ASAr3hasena, avinIta gaMga, duvinIta gaMga, gaMganareza mArasiMha, vIramArtaNDa cAmuNDarAya, mahArAnI kundabbe, samrAT amoghavarSa prathama, koluttuga cola, sAhasatuMga, trailokyamalla, Ahvamalla, boppadeva kadamba, senApati gaMgarAja, mahArAnI bhImAdevI, daNDanAyaka boppa aura rAjA suhela Adine bhI isa dharmakA pracAra va prasAra AkRSTa hokara jainadharmAvalambI hue / mUlasaMghake anuyAyI brahmasena bahuta bar3e vidvAn tathA tapasvI the| 'sanmatisUtra' tathA 'dvAtriMzikAoM' ke racayitA siddhasena brAhmaNakUlameM utpanna hae the jo Age calakara prasiddha jainAcArya hue| vatsagotrI brahmazivane sampUrNa bhAratIya darzanoMkA tulanAtmaka adhyayana kara 'samayaparIkSA' granthakI racanA kI jo bArahavIM zatAbdIkI racanA hai| bhAradvAja gotrIya AcaNNa 'varddhamAnapurANa'ke racayitA bArahavIM zatAbdIke kavi the| dasavIM zatAbdIke apabhraMzake prasiddha kavi dhavalakA janma bhI viprakulameM huA thaa| kutIrtha aura kudharmase citta virakta honepara unhoMne jainadharmakA Azraya liyA aura 'harivaMzapurANa' kI racanA kii| digambara paramparAke prasiddha AcArya karnATakadezIya pUjyapAdakA janma bhI brAhmaNakUla meM huA thA / isa prakArase aneka vipra sAdhakoMne vastu-svarUpakA jJAna kara jaina sAdhanA-paddhatiko aMgIkAra kiyA thA /