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________________ - yatIndrasUri smArakagrantha Adhunika sandarbha meM jaina dharma prayoga sarvathA niSiddha hI mAnA jaaye| isa prakAra viziSTa niyaMtraNoM ke sAtha hI vAhana prayoga aura videza yAtrA kI anumati apavAda mArga ke rUpa meM mAnI jA sakatI hai use sAmAnya niyama kabhI bhI nahIM banAyA jA sakatA kyoMki bhUtakAla meM bhI vaha eka apavAda-mArga hI thaa| isa prakAra AcAra-mArga meM yugAnurUpa parivartana to kiye jo sakate haiM parantu unakI apanI upayogitA honI cAhie aura unase jainadharma ke zAzvata mUlyoM para koI A~ca nahIM AnI caahie| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki jaina-paramparA meM deza aura kAla ke prabhAva se samaya-samaya para aneka parivartana hote rahe haiM aura inhIM parivartanoM ke phalasvarUpa hI jainadharma ke vibhinna sampradAya astitva meM Aye hai| yadi hama unake isa aitihAsika pariprekSya ko taTastha dRSTi se samajhane kA prayatna karegeM to vibhinna sampradAyoM ke prati galataphahamiyoM dUra hoMgI aura jaina dharma ke mUladhArA meM rahe hue ekatva kA darzana kara skegeN| sAmpradAyika sadbhAva aura eka dUsare ko sahI pariprekSya meM samajhane ke lie isa aitihAsika dRSTikoNa kI Aja mahatI AvazyakatA hai| Aja hama ise apanAkara aneka pArasparika vivAdoM kA sahaja samAdhAna pA skegeN| jaina - itihAsa : adhyayana vidhi evaM mUlasrota samagra evaM saMzleSaNAtmaka adhyayana kI AvazyakatA bhAratIya saMskRti ke samyak aitihAsika adhyayana ke lie yaha Avazyaka hai ki usakI prakRti ko pUrI taraha se samajha liyA jaaye| sabase mahattvapUrNa tathya yaha hai ki bhAratIya saMskRti eka saMzliSTa saMskRti hai| vastutaH koI bhI vikasita saMskRti saMzliSTa saMskRti hI hotI hai kyoMki usake vikAsa meM aneka saMskRtiyoM kA avadAna hotA hai| bhAratIya saMskRti ko hindU, bauddha, jaina Adi cAradIvArI meM avaruddha karake kabhI bhI samyak rUpa se nahI samajhA jA sakatA hai| jisa prakAra zarIra ko khaNDa-khaNDa kara dekhane se zarIra kI kriyA- zakti ko nahIM samajhA jA sakatA hai, ThIka usI prakAra bhAratIya saMskRti ko khaNDoM meM vibhAjita karake dekhane se usakI AtmA hI mara jAtI hai| adhyayana kI do dRSTiyA~ hotI haiMvizleSaNAtmaka aura saMzleSaNAtmaka vizleSaNAtmaka paddhati tathyoM ko khaNDoM meM vibhAjita karake dekhatI hai to saMzleSaNAtmaka vidhi use samajha rupa se dekhatI hai| bhAratIya saMskRti ke itihAsa ko samajhane ke lie yaha Avazyaka hai ki isake vibhinna ghaTakoM arthAt hindU, bauddha aura jaina paramparAoM kA samanvita yA samagra rUpa meM adhyayana kiyA jaaye| jisa prakAra eka iMjana kI prakriyA ko samajhane ke lie na kevala usake vibhinna ghaTakoM arthAt kala-purjo kA jJAna Avazyaka hai, apitu unake paraspara saMyojita svarUpa ko tathA eka aMga kI kriyA ke dUsare aMga para hone vAle prabhAva ko bhI samajhanA hotA hai| satya to yaha hai ki bhAratIya itihAsa ke zodha ke sandarbha meM anya sahavartI paramparAoM ke adhyayana ke binA bhAratIya saMskRti kA samagra itihAsa prastuta hI nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| 3 koI bhI dharma aura saMskRti zUnya meM vikasita nahIM hotI haiM, ve apane deza-kAla tathA apanI sahavartI anya paramparAoM se prabhAvita hokara hI apanA svarUpa grahaNa karatI haiN| yadi hameM jaina, bauddha yA hindU kisI bhI bhAratIya sAMskRtika dhArA ke itihAsa kA adhyayana karanA hai to unake dezakAla aura pariveza ko tathA unakI sahavartI paramparAoM ke G prabhAva ko samyak prakAra se samajhanA hogaa| bhArata ke sAMskRtika itihAsa ko samajhane aura usake prAmANika lekhana ke lie eka samajha kintu dezakAla - sApekSa dRSTikoNa ko apanAnA Avazyaka hai| aitihAsika adhyayana ke lie jahA~ eka ora vizleSaNAtmaka dRSTikoNa Avazyaka hai, vahIM dUsarI ora eka samagra dRSTikoNa (Holistic- Approach) bhI Avazyaka hai| bhAratIya aitihAsika adhyayana kA yaha durbhAgya rahA hai ki use vibhinna dharmoM aura paramparAoM ke eka ghere meM Abaddha karake athavA usake vibhinna pakSoM ko khaNDa-khaNDa karake dekhane kA prayatna huA hai| apanI Alocaka aura vizleSaNAtmaka dRSTi ke kAraNa hamane eka dUsare kI kamiyoM ko hI adhika dekhA hai| mAtra yahI nahIM, eka paramparA meM dUsarI paramparA ke itihAsa ko aura usake jIvanamUlyoM ko prAnta rUpa se prastuta kiyA gayA hai| bhAratIya sAMskRtika itihAsa ke lekhana meM pahalI bhUla taba huI jaba dUsarI paramparAoM ko apanI paramparA se nimna dikhAne ke lie unheM galata DhaMga se prastuta kiyA gyaa| pratyeka paramparA kI agalI pIr3hiyA~ dUsarI paramparA ke usa galata prastutIkaraNa ko hI Age bar3hAtI rhiiN| dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM to bhAratIya saMskRti aura vizeSa rUpa se bhAratIya darzana meM pratyeka pakSa ne dUsare pakSa kA vikRta citraNa hI prastuta kiyaa| madhyakAlIna dArzanika graMthoM meM isa prakAra kA citraNa hameM pracuratA se upalabdha hotA hai| saubhAgya yA durbhAgya se jaba pAzcAtya itihAsakAra isa deza meM Aye aura yahA~ ke itihAsa kA adhyayana kiyA to unhoMne bhI apanI saMskRti se bhAratIya saMskRti ko nimna siddha karane ke lie vikRta pakSa ko ubhAra kara isakI garimA ko dhUmila hI kiyaa| phira bhI pAzcAtya lekhakoM meM kucha aise avazya hue haiM jinhoMne isako samagra rUpa meM prastuta karane kA prayatna kiyA aura eka ke Upara dUsarI paramparA ke prabhAva ko dekhane kA bhI prayatna kiyaa| kintu unhoMne apane rAjanaitika svArthoM ke lie bhAratIya saMskRti kI eka dhArA ko dUsarI dhArA ke virodha meM khar3A kara [ 74 ]GGG
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________________ -yatIndrasUri smArakagrantha -Adhunika sandarbha meM jaina dharma - diyA aura isa prakAra bhAratIya saMskRti kI ekAtmatA ko khaNDita kiyaa| haiN| yaha mUlyAMkana vibhinna dRSTikoNoM para AdhArita hotA hai| ata: hama yaha yadi hameM bhAratIya saMskRti kA prAmANika itihAsa prastuta karanA hai to kaha sakate haiM ki jainoM kA anekAnta siddhAnta aitihAsika mUlyAMkana ke yaha Avazyaka hai ki hamAre sAMskRtika itihAsa kA eka samanvita aura kSetra meM bhI pUrNata: lAgU hotA hai| hameM una dRSTikoNoM yA siddhAntoM kI samagra dRSTikoNa ke AdhAra para punarmUlyAMkana ho| sApekSatA ko samajhanA hai jisake AdhAra para aitihAsika mUlyAMkana hote haiN| jaba taka aitihAsika mUlyAMkana kA hArda nahIM samajha pAyeMge taba taka AtmaniSTha aura vastuniSTha adhyayana : jaina-dRSTikoNa aitihAsika mUlyAMkana evaM aitihAsika ghaTanAoM kI vyAkhyA mAtra kisI kisI bhI vyAkhyA yA adhyayana ke do pakSa hote haiM- eka dRSTikoNa para yA kisI eka siddhAnta para saMbhava nahI hai| itihAsa 1. AtmaniSTha aura 2. vstunisstth| AtmaniSTha vyAkhyA meM vyAkhyAtA kA na to pUrNa vastuniSTha (Objective) ho sakatA hai na pUrNa AtmaniSTha apanA dRSTikoNa pradhAna hotA hai aura vaha apane dRSTikoNa ke anurUpa (Subjective) hii| jaba bhI hameM kisI itihAsa-lekhaka kI kisI tathyoM ko vyAkhyAyita karatA hai jabaki vastuniSTha vyAkhyA meM tathya/ ghaTanAkrama kI vyAkhyA kA adhyayana karanA hotA hai to hameM yaha dekhanA ghaTanAkrama pradhAna hotA hai aura vyakti nirapekSa hokara use vyAkhyAyita karatA hogA ki usa vyakti kA dRSTikoNa kyA hai| vaha kina pariveza aura hai, phira bhI itanA nizcita hai ki vyAkhyA vyAkhyAtA se pUrNataH nirapekSa paristhitiyoM meM usa vyAkhyA ko prastuta kara rahA hai| nahIM ho sakatI hai| vyAkhyA meM tathya/ghaTanAkrama aura vyAkhyAtA-vyakti donoM hI Avazyaka haiN| ata: koI bhI vyAkhyA ekAnta rUpa se AtmaniSTha yA sahavartI paramparA ke prabhAva aura tulanAtmaka adhyayana kI AvazyakatA vastuniSTha nahIM ho sakatI hai| usake AtmaniSTha aura vastuniSTha donoM hI yadi hama jaina-paramparA ke itihAsa ko dekheM to hameM spaSTa rUpa pakSa hote haiN| se yaha dikhAI detA hai ki kisa prakAra anya sahavartI dhArAoM ke prabhAva aitihAsika adhyayana ke lie yaha Avazyaka hai ki usakA se usake aitihAsika caritroM meM paurANikatA yA alaukikatA kA praveza adhyayana aura aitihAsika tathyoM kA mUlyAMkana vastuniSTha AdhAra para hotA gayA aura AcAra aura vicAra ke kSetra meM parivartana AtA gyaa| ho| dUsare zabdoM meM prAmANika itihAsa-lekhana, adhyayana aura mUlyAMkana isakA sabase acchA udAharaNa svayaM bhagavAna mahAvIra kA jIvana-caritra ke lie vastuniSTha yA tathyaparaka anAgrahI dRSTi Avazyaka hai, isameM hI hai| mahAvIra ke jIvanavRtta saMbaMdhI sabase prAcIna ullekha AcArAMga kisI prakAra kA vaimatya nahIM hai| itihAsa-lekhana, adhyayana evaM ke prathama evaM dvitIya zruta skaMdha meM tathA usake bAda kalpasUtra meM upalabdha mUlyAMkana sabhI vyakti se saMbaMdhita hai aura vyakti cAhe kitanA hI taTastha hotA hai| tatpazcAt niyukti, bhASya aura cUrNI-sAhitya meM unake jIvana aura anAgrahI kyoM na ho, phira bhI usameM kahIM na kahIM AtmaniSTha pakSa kA citraNa milatA hai| inake bAda jaina-purANoM aura caritrakAvyoM meM unake kA prabhAva to rahatA hI hai| aise vyakti to virala hI hote haiM jo nirapekSa jIvanavRtta kA citraNa kiyA gayA hai| yadi hama una sabhI vivaraNoM ko aura taTastha hoN| dUsare, itihAsa-lekhana ghaTanAoM kI vyAkhyA hai aura sAmane rakhakara tulanAtmaka dRSTi se unakA adhyayana kareM to yaha spaSTa isa vyAkhyA meM AtmaniSTha pakSa kI pUrNa upekSA bhI saMbhava nahIM hai| jaina- ho jAtA hai ki mahAvIra ke jIvana meM kisa prakAra kramaza: dArzanikoM ne apane anekAnta siddhAnta ke dvArA yaha sthApita kiyA thA alaukikatAoM kA praveza hotA gyaa| AcArAMga ke prathA zrutaskaMdha ki pratyeka vastu, tathya aura ghaTanA apane Apa meM jaTila aura ke naveM adhyayana meM mahAvIra eka kaThora sAdhaka haiM jo kaThora jIvanabahuAyAmI hotI hai, usakI vyAkhyA aneka dRSTikoNoM ke AdhAra para caryA aura sAdhanA ke dvArA apanI jIvana-yAtrA ko Age bar3hAte haiM, saMbhava hai| udAharaNa ke rUpa meM tAjamahala kA nirmANa eka aitihAsika kintu AcArAMga ke dvitIya zruta skaMdha se prArambha hokara kalpasUtra aura ghaTanA hai kintu tAjamahala nirmAtA ke caritra kI vyAkhyA vibhinna ruciyoM paravartI mahAvIra-caritoM meM alaukikatAoM kA praveza ho gyaa| ata: ke vyaktiyoM ke dvArA vibhinna prakAra se kI jA sakatI hai| kisI ke sAmAnya rUpa se prAcIna bhAratIya itihAsa aura vizeSa se jaina-itihAsa lie vaha kalA kA utkRSTa premI ho sakatA hai to kisI ke lie vaha jo hameM paurANika graMthoM meM upalabdha hotA hai, usake aitihAsika tathyoM preyasI ke prema meM ananya aaskt| koI use atyanta vilAsI to koI kI khoja atyanta sAvadhAnIpUrvaka karanA hogaa| yaha kahanA ucita nahIM use janazoSaka bhI kaha sakatA hai| isa prakAra eka tathya kI vyAkhyA hai ki samasta paurANika AkhyAna aitihAsika na hokara mAtra kAlpanika bhinna-bhinna prakAra se ho sakatI hai| haiN| dUsarI ora yaha bhI satya hai ki purANoM aura caritakAvyoM meM kAlpanika aMza itanA adhika hai ki usameM se aitihAsika tathyoM ko tathyoM kI jaTilatA-eka satya nikAla pAnA eka durUha kArya haiN| jo sthiti hindU-purANoM kI hai vahI tathya kI jaTilatA aura vyAkhyA sambandhI vibhinna dRSTikoNa kI sthiti jaina-purANoM aura carita-graMthoM kI bhI hai| yaha bhI satya hai ki saMbhAvanA ye do aise tathya haiM jina para aitihAsika mUlyAMkana nirbhara karatA jaina-itihAsa ke lekhana ke lie hamAre pAsa jo AdhArabhUta sAmagrI hai hai| jise Aja 'hisTrIogrAphI' kahA jAtA hai vaha anya kucha nahI apitu vaha inhIM graMthoM meM nihita hai, kintu isa sAmagrI kA upayoga atyanta aitihAsika tathyoM kI vyAkhyA ke vibhinna siddhAtoM ke mUlyAMkana kA zAstra sAvadhAnIpUrvaka karanA hogaa| Jalg Education International
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________________ -yatIndrasUri smArakagrantha -Adhunika sandarbha meM jaina dharma jaina-itihAsa ke adhyayana ke srota aura upayogI kahI jA sakatI haiN| ina sthavirAvaliyoM aura paTTAvaliyoM (a) jaina Agama, Agamika vyAkhyAoM evaM purANoM ke kathAnaka meM na kevala AcArya-paramparA kA nirdeza hotA hai, apitu usameM kucha - purANoM ke atirikta Agamika vyAkhyAoM vizeSata: niyukti, kAlpanika bAtoM ko chor3akara aneka AcAryoM ke vyaktitva va kRtitva ke bhASyoM aura cUrNiyoM meM bhI aneka aitihAsika kathAnaka saMkalita haiM kintu saMbaMdha meM mahattvapUrNa sUcanAe~ milatI haiN| himavaMta sthavirAvalI aura unameM bhI vahI kaThinAI hai jo jaina-purANoM meM hai| aitihAsika kathAnaka aura nandIsaMgha paTTAvalI jinakI prAmANikatA ke saMbaMdha meM kucha praznacihna haiM kAlpanika kathAnaka donoM eka dUsare se itane mizrita ho gaye haiM, unheM phira bhI ve jainadharma ke itihAsa ko eka navIna dizA dene kI dRSTi se alaga-alaga karane meM aneka kaThinAIyA~ hai| satya to yaha hai ki eka mahattvapUrNa haiN| zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM hI paramparAoM meM Aja bhI hI kathAnaka meM aitihAsika aura kAlpanika donoM hI tattva samAhita haiM zatAdhika aisI paTTAvaliyA~ upalabdha hotI haiM, jinake itihAsa-lekhana aura unheM eka dUsare se pRthak karanA eka jaTila samasyA hai| phira bhI mahattva ko hama nahIM nakAra skte| unakA aitihAsika dRSTi se mUlyAMkana . unameM jo aitihAsika sAmagrI hai usakA prAcIna bhAratIya itihAsa kI Avazyaka hai| racanA meM upayoga mahattvapUrNa evaM Avazyaka hai| Agamika vyAkhyAoM meM adhikAMza kathAnaka vrata-pAlana athavA usake bhaMga ke kAraNa hue (I) prabandha grantha duSpariNAmoM ko athavA kisI niyama ke saMbaMdha meM utpanna huI ApavAdika paTTAvaliyoM ke atirikta aneka prabaMdha bhI (12vIM se 15vIM sthiti ko spaSTa karane ke lie hI diye gae haiN| aise kathAnakoM meM zatI taka) likhe gaye jinameM kucha viziSTa jainAcAryoM ke kathAnaka cANakya-kathAnaka, bhadrabAhu-kathA, kAlaka-kathA, bhadrabAhu dvitIya aura saMkalita haiN| inameM hemacandrakRta pariziSTaparva, prabhAcandrakRta vArAhamihira Adi ke kathAnaka aise haiM jinakA aitihAsika mahattva hai| prabhAvakacarita, merutuMgakRta prabaMdhacintAmaNi, rAjazekhara kRta prabaMdhakoza maraNa-vibhakti tathA bhagavatI-ArAdhanA kI mUla kathAoM aura una Adi pramukha haiN| ina prabaMdhoM ke kathAnakoM meM bhI aneka sthaloM para AcAryoM kathAoM ko lekara bane bRhadArAdhanA kathAkoza Adi kA bhAratIya ke carita meM alaukikatA kA mizraNa hai| Aja unakI satyatA kA hamAre itihAsa kI dRSTi se atyanta mahattva hai| pAsa koI AdhAra nahIM hai phira bhI ina prabandhoM meM aneka aitihAsika tathya nihita haiN| (ba) aitihAsika carita kAvya evaM sthavirAvaliyA~ isI prakAra paravartI kAla meM aneka aitihAsika carita-kAvya (epha) caityaparipATiyA~ . bhI likhe gaye haiM, jaise-trizaSTizalAkA puruSa carita, kumArapAla carita, sthavirAvaliyoM, paTTAvaliyoM, prabaMdhoM ke atirikta jaina-itihAsa kumArapAlabhUpAla carita Adi jo atyanta mahattvapUrNa haiN| aise hI jaina- kI mahattvapUrNa vidyA caitya-paripATiyA~ yA yAtrA vivaraNa haiM jinameM vibhinna AgamoM vizeSa rUpa se kalpasUtra aura nandIsUtra ke prArambha meM jo tIrthoM ke nirdeza to haiM hI, unake saMbaMdha meM aneka aitihAsika satya bhI sthavirAvaliyA~ dI gayI hai ve bhI aitihAsika dRSTi se atyanta mahattva varNita haiN| marugurjara meM hameM saikar3oM caitya-paripATiyA~ (16vIM se 19vIM kI hai| unameM diye gaye aneka AcAryoM ke nAma tathA unake gaNa, kula, zatI taka) upalabdha hotI haiN| jinameM AcAryoM ne apane yAtrA-vivaraNoM ko zAkhA Adi ke ullekha mathurA ke abhilekhoM meM milane se unakA saMkalita kiyA hai| isI se milatI-julatI eka vidhA tIrthamAlAe~ hai| yaha aitihAsika mahattva spaSTa hai| bhI caitya-paripATI aura yAtrA-vivaraNoM kA hI eka rUpa hai| isameM lekhaka (sa) grantha-prazastiyA~ vibhinna tIrthoM kA vivaraNa dete hue tIrtha ke adhinAyaka kI stuti karatA aitihAsika adhyayana kI dRSTi se graMtha-prazastiyoM kA bhI hai| yadyapi paravartI kAla kI tIrthamAlAoM meM mukhya rUpa se tIrthanAyaka kI atyanta mahattva hotA hai| unameM lekhaka na kevala apanI guru-paramparA kA pratimA ke saundarya-varNana ko pramukhatA milI hai kintu prAcIna tIrthamAlAe~ ullekha karatA haiM, apitu aneka sUcanAe~ bhI detA hai, jaise yaha graMtha kisake mukhya rUpa se nagara, rAjA aura vahA~ ke sAMskRtika pariveza kA bhI vivaraNa kAla meM, kisakI preraNA se aura kahA~ likhA gyaa| yaha ThIka hai ki graMtha dete haiM aura isa dRSTi se ve mahattvapUrNa aitihAsika sAmagrI prastuta karatI prazastiyoM meM vistRta jIvana paricaya nahIM milatA kintu unameM saMketa rUpa haiN| adhikAMza tIrthamAlAe~ 15vIM se 18-19vIM zatAbdI ke madhya kI meM jo sUcanA milatI hai, vaha itihAsa-lekhana meM mahattvapUrNa bhUmikA kA haiM aura inakI bhASA mukhyata: maru-gurjara hai kintu kucha tIrthamAlAe~ prAcIna nirvahaNa karatI hai| bhI haiN| isI krama meM jainAcAryoM ne aneka nagara-varNana bhI likhe haiM, jaise nagarakoTa kAMgaDA vrnnn| nagara-varNanoM saMbaMdhI ina racanAoM meM na kevala (da) paTTAvaliyA~ nagara kA nAma hai apitu unakI vizeSatAe~ tathA una nagaroM se saMbaMdhita jaina-paramparA meM aneka paTTAvaliyA~ (guru-ziSya paramparA) bhI usa kAla ke aneka aitihAsika varNana bhI nihita haiN| caitya-paripATiyoM likhI gayI haiN| unameM AcAryoM ke saMbaMdha meM ullekhita kucha camatkAroM ko aura tIrthamAlAoM kI eka vizeSatA yaha hotI hai ki ve usa nagara yA chor3a deM to zeSa sUcanAe~ jaina-saMgha ke itihAsa kI dRSTi se mahattvapUrNa tIrtha ke saMbaMdha meM pUrA vivaraNa detI haiN|
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________________ -yatIndrasUri smArakagrantha -Adhunika sandarbha meM jaina dharma - (jI) vijJapti-patra prAkRta bhASA ke abhilekhoM meM ajamera se 32 mIla dUra bAralI eka anya vidhA jisameM itihAsa-saMbaMdhI sAmagrI va nagara- (bar3alI) nAmaka sthAna se prApta eka jaina-lekha jo eka pASANa stambha para varNana donoM hI hote haiM ve vijJapti-patra kahe jAte haiN| vijJapti-patra vastuta: 4 paktiyoM meM khudA haiM, sabase prAcIna batAyA gayA hai| isa lekha kI lipi eka prakAra ke vinati patra haiM jisameM kisI AcArya vizeSa se unake ko svagaurI zaMkara hIrAcanda ojhA ne azoka se pUrva kA mAnA hai| I0pU0 nagara meM cArtumAsa karane kA anurodha kiyA jAtA hai| ye patra itihAsa 3-2 zatI se jaina-abhilekha bahutAyata se milate haiN| mAtra mathurA se hI ke sAtha hI sAtha kalA ke bhI anupama bhaMDAra hote haiN| isameM jahA~ eka lagabhaga I0pU0 2zatI se lekara 12vIM zatI taka ke 200 se bhI adhika ora AcArya kI prazaMsA aura mahattva kA varNana hotA hai, vahIM dUsarI abhilekha mile haiN| mathurA se prApta ye abhilekha prAkRta, saMskRta mizrita ora usa nagara kI vizeSatAoM ke sAtha-sAtha nagara nivAsiyoM ke caritra prAkRta meM tathA saMskRta meM haiN| ina abhilekhoM kA vizeSa mahattva isalie kA bhI ullekha hotA hai| lagabhaga 15vIM zatI se prArambha hokara 16. bhI hai kyoMki inakI puSTi kalpasUtra aura nandIsUtra kI sthavirAvaliyoM se 17koM zatI taka aneka vijJapti patra Aja bhI upalabdha haiN| ye vijJApti bhI hotI hai| isase pUrva kaliMga-nareza khAravela kA ur3IsA ke hAthI guMphA patra janmapatrI ke samAna lambe AkAra ke hote haiM jisameM nagara ke se prApta zilAlekha eka aisA abhilekha hai jo khAravela ke rAjanItika mahattvapUrNa vyaktiyoM ke sundara citra bhI hote haiM, jisase inakA kalAtmaka kriyA-kalApoM para prakAza DAlane vAlA eka mAtra strota hai| yaha abhilekha mahattva bhI bar3ha jAtA hai| na kevala I0pU0 prathama-dvitIya zatI ke jaina saMgha ke itihAsa ko prastuta isa prakAra se hama yaha kaha sakate haiM ki Agama, Agamika karatA hai, apitu khAravela ke rAjyakAla va usake pratyeka varSa ke kAryoM vyAkhyAyeM, svatatra graMthoM kI prazastiyA~, dhArmika kathAnaka, carita-graMtha, kA bhI vivaraNa detA hai| ata: yaha sAmAnya rUpa se bhAratIya itihAsa aura prabaMdha-sAhitya, paTTAvaliyA~, sthavirAvaliyA~, caitya-paripATiyA~, vizeSa rUpa se jaina itihAsa kI mahattvapUrNa thAtI hai| tIrthamAlAe~, nagasvarNana aura vijJapti patra Adi saba milakara sAmAnya paravartI abhilekha vizeSataH 5-6vIM zatI ke dakSiNa se prApta rUpa se bhAratIya itihAsa vizeSata: jaina-itihAsa ke kSetra meM mahattvapUrNa abhilekhoM meM cAlukya-pulakezI dvitIya kA ravikIrti racita zilAlekha yogadAna pradAna karate haiN| (634 I0), hathuDI ke dhavala rASTrakUTa kA bIjApura lekha (997 I0) Adi pramukha haiN| dakSiNa se prApta abhilekhoM kI vizeSatA yaha hai ki unameM (eca) abhilekha AcAryoM kI guru paramparA, kula, gaccha Adi kA vivaraNa to milatA hI ina sAhityika strotoM ke atirikta abhilekhIya strota bhI jaina- hai sAtha hI abhilekha likhavAne vAle vyaktiyoM va rAjAoM ke saMbaMdha meM itihAsa ke mahattvapUrNa strota haiN| inameM parivartana-saMzodhana kI guMjAiza kama bhI sUcanA milatI hai| hone tathA prAya: samakAlIna ghaTanAoM kA ullekha hone se unakI anya pramukha abhilekha kakka kA ghaTiyAla prastara lekha prAmANikatA meM bhI sandeha kA avasara kama hotA hai| jaina-abhilekha vibhinna (vi0saM0 918), kumArapAla kI baDanagara -prazasti (vi0saM0 upAdAnoM para utkIrNa milate haiM jaise-zilA, stambha, guphA, dhAtu pratimA, 1208), vikramasiMha kachavAhA kA dUbakuNDa lekha (1088 I0), smAraka, zayyApaTTa, tAmrapaTTa Adi pr| ye abhilekha mukhyatayA do prakAra jayamaMgalasUri racita cAciMga-cAhamAna kA sundhA parvata abhilekha Adi ke haiM- 1. rAjanItika aura 2. dhaarmik| rAjanItika yA zAsana patroM ke haiM jinase dhArmika itihAsa ke sAtha hI sAtha rAjanItika va sAMskRtika rUpa meM jo abhilekha haiM ve prAya: prazastiyoM ke rUpa meM haiM jisameM rAjAoM itihAsa bhI jJAta hotA hai| kI virudAvaliyA~, sAmarika vijaya, vaMzaparicaya Adi hotA hai| dhArmika isa prakAra jaina sAhityika va abhilekhIya donoM hI strotoM se abhilakhoM meM aneka jaina jAtiyoM ke sAmAjika itihAsa, jainAcAryoM ke mahattvapUrNa sAmagrI prApta hotI hai| hameM yaha samajha lenA cAhiye ki jainasaMgha, gaNa, gaccha Adi se saMbaMdhita ullekha hote haiN| vidvAnoM, racanAkAroM ne jaina-itihAsa ke lie hameM mahattvapUrNa avadAna kiyA jaina-abhilekhoM kI bhASA prAkRta, saMskRta, katra mizrita hai, jisakA samyak mUlyAMkana aura upayoga apekSita hai| hama itihAsavidoM saMskRta, kannar3a, tamila, gujarAtI aura purAnI hindI haiN| dakSiNa ke kucha se anurodha karate haiM ki ve apane adhyayana va bhAratIya itihAsa kI navIna lekha tamila meM tathA adhikAMza kanar3A mizrita saMskRta meM haiM jinameM aihola vyAkhyA ke lie ina srotoM kA bharapUra upayoga kareM tAki kucha navIna tathya prazasti, rASTrakUTa govinda kA manne se prApta lekha, amoghavarSa kA konnara- sAmane A skeN| zilAlekha Adi mukhya haiN| dadirdastdirdindiwdnidied-idiwowdrinidad[ 77 ] drinidminirdnirdidnidminironiramidairanirandard