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________________ jaina dharma kA lezyA - siddhAnta : eka manovaijJAnika vimarza vyakti kA vyaktitva usakI manovRttiyoM athavA AvegoM para nirbhara karatA hai| vyakti jitanA AvegoM se Upara uThegA, usake vyaktitva meM utanI sthiratA evaM paripakvatA AtI jaayegii| jisa vyakti meM AvegoM (kaSAyoM) kI jitanI adhikatA evaM tIvratA hogI, usakA vyaktitva utanA hI nimnastarIya evaM azAnta hogaa| AvegoM (manovRttiyoM) kI tIvratA aura unakI zubhAzubhatA donoM hI hamAre vyaktitva ko prabhAvita karatI haiN| vastutaH AvegoM meM jitanI adhika tIvratA hogI, vyaktitva meM utanI hI asthiratA hogI aura vyaktitva meM jitanI adhika asthiratA hogI utanI hI cAritrika dRr3hatA meM kamI hogii| AvegAtmaka asthiratA hI anaitikatA kI jananI hai| isa prakAra AvegAtmakatA, caritra bala aura vyaktitva tInoM hI eka-dUsare se jur3e haiN| yahA~ hameM yaha bhI smaraNa rakhanA cAhie ki vyakti ke mUlyAMkana ke sandarbha meM na kevala AvegoM kI tIvratA para vicAra karanA cAhie, varan unakI prazastatA aura aprazastatA para bhI vicAra karanA Avazyaka hai| prAcIna kAla se hI vyakti ke AvegoM tathA manobhAvoM ke zubhatva evaM azubhatva kA sambandha usake vyaktitva se jor3A jAtA rahA hai| vyaktitva ke vargIkaraNa yA zreNI vibhAjana ke zArIrika evaM manovaijJAnika aneka AdhAroM meM eka AdhAra vyakti kI prazasta aura aprazasta manovRttiyA~ bhI rahI haiN| jisa vyakti meM jisa prakAra kI manovRttiyA~ hotI haiM, usI AdhAra para usake vyaktitva kA vargIkaraNa kiyA jAtA hai| manovRttiyoM kI zubhAzubhatA evaM tIvratA aura mandatA ke AdhAra para vyaktitva ke vargIkaraNa kI paramparA bahuta purAnI hai jaina, bauddha aura hindU paramparA ke granthoM meM aisA vargIkaraNa yA zreNI vibhAjana upalabdha hai| jaina paramparA meM isa vargIkaraNa kA AdhAra usakA lezyA siddhAnta hai| yadyapi jaina paramparA meM naitika evaM AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke AdhAra para vyaktitva ke vargIkaraNa ke anya siddhAnta yathAbahirAtmA antarAtmA kA siddhAnta evaM guNasthAna ke siddhAnta bhI pracalita hai, kintu ina sabameM lezyA siddhAnta hI sabase pracIna hai, kyoMki trividha AtmA kI avadhAraNA aura guNasthAna siddhAnta donoM hI IsA kI pA~cavIM zatI ke pUrva upalabdha nahIM hote haiN| jabaki lezyA - siddhAnta bhagavatI aura uttarAdhyayana jaise IsvI pUrva ke AgamoM meM bhI upalabdha haiN| anya zramaNa paramparAoM meM lezyA siddhAnta kA sthAna abhijAti kI kalpanA ne liyA hai| gItA meM ise devI evaM AsurI sampadA ke rUpa meM varNita kiyA gayA hai| lezyA siddhAnta aura naitika vyaktitva jaina vicArakoM ke anusAra lezyA kI paribhASA yaha hai ki jo AtmA ko karmoM se lipta karatI hai yA jisake dvArA AtmA karmoM se lipta hotI hai arthAt bandhana meM AtI hai, vaha lezyA hai| uttarAdhyayana kI bRhad vRtti meM lezyA kA artha ANvika AbhA, kAnti, prabhA yA chAyA kiyA gayA hai' yApanIya AcArya zivArya ne bhagavatI ArAdhanA meM chAyA pudgala se prabhAvita jIva ke pariNAmoM (manobhAvoM) ko lezyA mAnA hai| isI AdhAra para devendramuni zAstrI ne lezyA ko eka prakAra kA paudgalika paryAvaraNa mAnA hai, jo manovRttiyoM ko nirdhArita karatA hai / " DaoN0 zAntA jaina ne bhI apane zodha nibandha meM bhagavatIsUtra (1/ 9) kI TIkA ke AdhAra para lezyA ko audArika Adi zarIroM kA varNa mAnA hai| ve likhatI haiM ki lezyA eka paugalika pariNAma hai| jainAgamoM meM lezyA do prakAra kI mAnI gayI hai- 1. dravya lezyA aura 2. bhAva-lezyA / ataH hameM yaha smaraNa rakhanA cAhie ki inameM mAtra dravya hI paudgalika hai, bhAva-lezyA nahIM bhAva lezyA to dravya lezyA ke AdhAra para banane vAlI cittavRttiyA~ haiN| ina donoM meM kAryakAraNa bhAva yA nimitta naimittika sambandha to haiM kintu donoM alaga-alaga haiN| 1. dravya lezyA dravya lezyA sUkSma bhautika tatvoM se nirmita vaha saMracanA hai, jo hamAre manobhAvoM evaM tajjanita karmoM kA sApekSa rUpa meM kAraNa athavA kArya banatI hai| jisa prakAra pitta dravya kI vizeSatA se svabhAva meM kruddhatA AtI hai aura krodha ke kAraNa pitta kA nirmANa bahula rUpa se hotA hai, usI prakAra ina sUkSma bhautika tattvoM se manobhAva banate haiM aura manobhAva ke hone para ina sUkSma saMracanAoM kA nirmANa hotA hai| lezyA dravya yA dravya lezyA svarUpa ke sambandha meM AcArya rAjendrasUrijI evaM paM0 sukhalAlajI ne nimna tIna matoM ko uddhRta kiyA hai (1) lezyA - dravya karmavargaNA se bane hue haiN| yaha mata uttarAdhyayana kI TIkA meM hai| (2) lezyA - dravya badhyamAna karmapravAha rUpa meM hai / yaha mata bhI uttarAdhyayana kI TIkA meM vAdivaitAla zAntisUri kA hai| (3) lezyA - yoga pariNAma hai arthAt zArIrika, vAcika aura mAnasika kriyAoM kA pariNAma hai| yaha mata AcArya haribhadra kA hai| merI dRSTi se dravya - lezyA ko hama vyakti kA AbhA maNDala kaha sakate hai / DaoN0 zAntA jaina ne apane zodha-prabandha meM aura unase pUrva yuvAcArya mahAprajJa ne apane grantha AbhAmaNDala meM isa para vistAra se prakAza DAlA hai| 2. bhAva - lezyA - bhAva-lezyA AtmA kA adhyavasAya yA antaHkaraNa kI vRtti hai| paM0 sukhalAla jI ke zabdoM meM bhAva - lezyA manobhAva vizeSa hai, jo saMkleza aura yoga se anugata hai| saMkleza ke tIvra, tIvratara, tIvratama, manda, mandatara, mandatama Adi aneka bheda hone se lezyA (manobhAva) vastu aneka prakAra kI hai tathApi saMkSepa meM chaH bheda karake (jaina) zAstra meM usakA svarUpa varNana kiyA gayA hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM lezyAoM ke svarUpa kA nirvAcana varga, gandha, rasa, sparza, manobhAva, karma Adi aneka pakSoM ke AdhAra para huA hai, lekina hama apane vivecana ko lezyAoM ke bhAvAtmaka pakSa taka .
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________________ jaina dharma kA lezyA siddhAnta sImita rakhanA ucita samajheMge manodazAoM meM saMkleza kI nyUnAdhikatA athavA manobhAvoM kI azubhatva se zubhatva kI ora bar3hane kI sthitiyoM ke AdhAra para hI unake vibhAga kiye gaye hai| aprazasta aura prazasta ina dvividha manobhAvoM ke unakI taratamatA ke AdhAra para chaH bheda varNita haiM aprazasta manobhAva 1. kRSNa-lezyA tIvratama aprazasta manobhAta 2. nIla- lezyA tIvra aprazasta manobhAva 3. kApota- lezyA maMda aprazasta manobhAva prazasta manobhAva 4. tejolezyA maMda prazasta manobhAva 5. padma lezyA tIvra prazasta manobhAva 6 zukla lezyA tIvratama prazasta manobhAva lezyAeM evaM vyaktitva kA zreNI vibhAjana " lezyAeM manobhAvoM kA vargIkaraNa mAtra nahIM haiM, varan caritra ke AdhAra para kiye gaye vyaktitva ke prakAra bhI haiN| manobhAva athavA saMkalpa Antarika tathya hI nahIM hai, varan ve kriyAoM ke rUpa meM bAhya abhivyakti bhI cAhate haiN| vastutaH saMkalpa hI karma meM rUpAntarita hote haiN| beDale kA yaha kathana ucita hai ki karma saMkalpa kA rUpAntaraNa hai|" manobhUmi yA saMkalpa vyakti ke AcaraNa kA preraka sUtra hai, lekina karmakSetra meM saMkalpa aura AcaraNa do alaga-alaga tattva nahIM rahate haiN| AcaraNa se saMkalpoM kI manobhUmi kA nirmANa hotA hai aura saMkalpoM kI manobhUmikA para hI AcaraNa sthita hotA hai| manobhUmi aura AcaraNa (caritra) kA ghaniSTha sambandha hai / itanA hI nahIM, manovRtti svayaM meM bhI eka AcaraNa hai| mAnasika karma bhI karma hI hai| ataH jaina vicArakoM ne jaba lezyA pariNAma kI carcA kI to ve mAtra manodazAoM kI carcAoM taka hI sImita nahIM rahe, varan unhoMne usa manodazA se pratyutpanna jIvana ke karma kSetra meM ghaTita hone vAle bAhya vyavahAroM kI carcA bhI kI aura isa prakAra jaina lezyA - siddhAnta vyaktitva ke vargIkaraNa kA vyavahArika siddhAnta bana gyaa| jaina vicArakoM ne isa siddhAnta ke AdhAra para yaha batAyA ki manovRtti evaM AcaraNa kI dRSTi se vyakti kA vyaktitva yA to zubha (naitika) hogA yA azubha (anaitik)| inheM dhArmika aura adhArmika athavA zukla-pakSI aura kRSNa pakSI bhI kahA gayA hai| vastutaH eka varga vaha hai jo naitikatA yA zubhatva kI ora unmukha hai| dUsarA varga vaha hai jo anaitikatA yA azubhatva kI ora unmukha hai| isa prakAra guNAtmaka antara ke AdhAra para vyaktitva ke ye do prakAra banate haiN| lekina jaina vicAraka mAtra guNAtmaka vargIkaraNa se santuSTa nahIM hue aura unhoMne una do guNAtmaka prakAroM ko tIna-tIna prakAra ke mAtrAtmaka antaroM ( jaghanya, madhyama evaM utkRSTa) ke AdhAra para cha bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA jaina lezyA siddhAnta kA Savidha vargIkaraNa isI AdhAra para huA hai| jaina vicArakoM ne ina mAtrAtmaka antaroM ke tIna, nau, ikyAsI aura do sau taiMtAlisa upabheda bhI ginAyeM hai, lekina prAcIna SaTvidha vargIkaraNa hI adhika pracalita rahA hai| nimna paMktiyoM meM hama ina chaH prakAra ke vyaktiyoM kI carcA kareMge 1. kRSNa - lezyA (azubha bhAva) se yukta vyaktitva ke lakSaNayaha vyaktitva kA sabase nikRSTa rUpa hai| isa avasthA meM prANI ke eka manovaijJAnika vimarza 385 vicAra atyanta nimna koTi ke evaM krUra hote haiM vAsanAtmaka pakSa jIvana ke sampUrNa karmakSetra para hAvI rahatA hai prANI apanI zArIrika, mAnasika evaM vAcika kriyAoM para niyantraNa karane meM akSama rahatA hai| vaha apanI indriyoM para niyantraNa na rakha pAne ke kAraNa binA kisI prakAra ke zubhAzubha vicAra ke sadaiva indriyoM ke viSayoM kI pUrti meM nimagna rahatA hai| isa prakAra bhoga-vilAsa meM Asakta ho, vaha unakI pUrti ke lie hiMsA, corI, vyabhicAra aura saMgraha meM lagA rahatA hai| svabhAva se vaha nirdayI va nRzaMsa hotA hai aura hiMsaka kArya karane meM use tanika bhI arUci nahIM hotI tathA apane choTe se svArtha ke nimitta dUsare kA bar3A se bar3A ahita karane meM vaha saMkoca nahIM krtaa|" mAtra yahI nahIM vaha dUsaroM ko nirarthaka pIr3A yA trAsa dene meM Ananda mAnatA hai| kRSNa lezyA se yukta prANI vAsanAoM ke andhapravAha se hI zAsita hotA hai, isalie bhAvAveza meM usameM svayaM ke hitAhita kA vicAra karane kI kSamatA bhI nahIM hotI vaha dUsare kA ahita mAtra isalie nahIM karatA ki usase usakA svayaM kA koI hita hogA, varan vaha to apane krUra svabhAva ke vazIbhUta ho, apane hita ke abhAva meM bhI dUsare kA ahita karatA rahatA hai| 2. nIla- lezyA ( azubhatara manobhAva) se yukta vyaktitva ke lakSaNa - vyaktitva kA yaha prakAra pahale kI apekSA kucha ThIka hotA hai, lekina hotA azubha hI hai| isa avasthA meM bhI prANI kA vyavahAra vAsanAtmaka pakSa se zAsita hotA hai| lekina vaha apanI vAsanAoM kI pUrti meM apanI buddhi kA prayoga karane lagatA hai| ataH isakA vyavahAra prakaTa rUpa meM to kucha parimArjita sA rahatA hai, lekina usake pIche kuTilatA hI kAma karatI hai| yaha virodhI kA ahita apratyakSa rUpa se karatA hai| aisA prANI IrSyAlu, sahiSNu, asaMyamI, ajJAnI, kapaTI, nirlajja, lampaTa, dveSa-buddhi se yukta, rasalolupa evaM pramAdI hotA hai / 11 vaha apanI sukha-suvidhA kA sadaiva dhyAna rakhatA hai aura dUsare kA ahita apane hita ke nimitta karatA hai, yahA~ taka ki vaha apane alpa hita ke lie dUsare kA bar3A ahita bhI kara detA hai| jina prANiyoM se usakA svArtha sadhatA hai una prANiyoM kA aja-poSaNa nyAya ke anusAra vaha kucha dhyAna avazya rakhatA hai, lekina manovRtti dUSita hI hotI hai| jaise bakarA pAlane vAlA bakare ko isalie nahIM khilAtA ki usa bakare kA hita hogA varan isalie khilAtA hai ki use mArane para adhika mAMsa milegaa| aisA vyakti dUsare kA bAhya rUpa meM jo bhI hita karatA dikhAI detA hai, usake pIche usakA gahana svArtha rahatA hai| 3. kApota- lezyA (azubha manovRtti) se yukta vyaktitva ke lakSaNa - yaha manovRtti bhI dUSita hai| isa manovRtti meM prANI kA vyavahAra mana, vacana, karma se ekarUpa nahIM hotaa| usakI karanI kathanI bhinna hotI hai| manobhAvoM meM saralatA nahIM hotI, kapaTa aura ahaMkAra hotA hai| vaha apane doSoM ko sadaiva chipAne kI koziza karatA hai| usakA dRSTikoNa ayathArtha evaM vyavahAra anArya hotA hai| vaha vacana se dUsare kI gupta bAtoM ko prakaTa karane vAlA athavA dUsare ke rahasyoM ko prakaTa karake usase apane hita sAdhane vAlA, dUsare ke dhana kA
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________________ 386 jaina vidyA ke AyAma khaNDa-6 apaharaNa karane vAlA evaM mAtsarya bhAvoM se yukta hotA hai| phira bhI dRSTi se isane cAturvarNya ke siddhAnta kA rUpa grahaNa kiyA thA, jisapara aisA vyakti dUsare kA ahita tabhI karatA hai, jaba usase usakI svArtha janmanA aura karmaNA dRSTikoNoM ko lekara zramaNa aura vaidika paramparA siddhi nahIM hotI hai|12 meM kAphI vivAda bhI rahA hai| sAdhanAtmaka dRSTikoNa se guNa-karma ke 4. tejo-lezyA (zubha manovRtti) se yukta vyaktitva ke lakSaNa- AdhAra para vyaktitva kA vargIkaraNa karane kA prayAsa na kevala jaina, yaha manodazA pavitra hotI hai| isa manobhUmi meM prANI pApabhIru hotA bauddha aura hindU paramparA ne kiyA hai, varan anya lupta zramaNa paramparAoM hai| yadyapi vaha anaitika AcaraNa kI ora pravRtta nahIM hotA, tathApi meM bhI aise vargIkaraNA upalabdha hote haiN| dIghanikAya meM AjIvaka sampradAya vaha sukhApekSI hotA hai| lekina kisI anaitika AcaraNa dvArA una sukhoM ke AcArya maMkhaliputra gozAlaka evaM aMguttaranikAya meM pUrNakazyapa ke kI prApti yA apanA svArtha sAdhana nahIM krtaa| dhArmika aura naitika nAma ke sAtha hI vargIkaraNa kA nirdeza huA hai| jJAtavya hai ki dIghanikAya AcaraNa meM usakI pUrNa AsthA hotI hai| ata: una kRtyoM ke sampAdana ke sAmaMjaphalasutta meM gozAlaka sambandhI vivaraNa meM mAtra "chasvevAbhimeM Ananda prApta karatA hai, jo dhArmika yA naitika dRSTi se zubha hai| jAtIsu" itanA ullekha hai, jabaki aMguttaranikAya meM pUrNakazyapa ke isa manobhUmi meM dUsare ke kalyANa kI bhAvanA bhI hotI hai| saMkSepa dvArA prastuta vivaraNa meM ina chahoM abhijAtiyoM meM kauna kisa varga meM meM, isa manobhUmi meM sthita prANI pavitra AcaraNa vAlA, namra, niSkapaTa, AtA hai, isakA bhI ullekha hai| kintu isameM AjIvaka, zramaNoM aura AkAMkSArahita, vinIta, saMyamI evaM yogI hotA hai| 13 vaha priya evaM AcAryoM ko sarvocca vargoM meM rakhanA yahI sUcita karatA hai ki yaha dRr3hadharmI tathA parahitaiSI hotA hai| isa manobhUmi meM dUsare kA ahita siddhAnta mUlata: AjIvakoM arthAt maMkhali gozAlaka kI paramparA kA to sambhava hotA hai, lekina kevala usI sthiti meM jabaki dUsarA usake rahA hai| aMguttaranikAya meM yA to bhrAntivaza athavA pUrNakazyapa dvArA hitoM kA hanana karane para utArU ho jaaye| bhI mAnya hone ke kAraNa ise unake nAmoM se kahA gayA hai| isakI jaina AgamoM meM tejolezyA kI zakti ko prApta karane ke liye mAnyatA ke anusAra kRSNa, nIla, lohita, haridra, zukla aura paramazukla viziSTa sAdhanA-vidhi kA ullekha bhI prApta hotA hai| gozAlaka ne mahAvIra ye cha: abhijAtiyA~ hai| ukta vargIkaraNa meM kRSNa abhijAti meM nirgantha se tejolezyA kI jo sAdhanA sIkhI thI usakA durupayoga usane svayaM aura AjIvaka zramaNoM ke atirikta anya zramaNoM ko, lohita abhijAti bhagavAn mahAvIra aura unake ziSyoM ke prati kiyaa| isa prakAra tejolezyA meM nirgrantha zramaNoM ko, haridra abhijAti meM AjIvaka gRhasthoM ko, zukla kA upayoga zubhatva aura azubhatva donoM hI dizA meM sambhava ho abhijAti AjIvaka ke praNetA AcArya-varga ko rakhA gayA hai| jJAtavya sakatA hai| hai ki caturtha varga ke artha meM pUjya AcArya devendramunijI ne apane 5. padma-lezyA (zubhatara manovRtti) se yukta vyaktitva ke lakSaNa- 'puSkaramuni abhinandana grantha' meM evaM DaoN0 zAntA jaina ne apane zodhaisa manobhUmi meM pavitratA kI mAtrA pichalI bhUmi kI apekSA adhika prabandha meM jo zvetavastradhArI yA nirvastra kA artha likhA hai vaha ucita hotI hai| isa manobhUmi meM krodha, mAna, mAyA evaM lobharUpa azubha / nahIM hai usameM mUlazabda hai-"odAttavasanI acelsaavkaa"| isakA manovRttiyA~ atIva alpa arthAt samAptaprAya ho jAtI haiN| prANI saMyamI artha hai udAtta vastra vAle acelakoM (AjIvakoM) ke shraavk| isameM tathA yogI hotA hai tathA yoga-sAdhanA ke phalasvarUpa AtmajayI evaM acelasAvakA kA artha acelakoM ke zrAvaka aisA hai| odAttavasanA praphullita hotA hai| vaha alpabhASI, upazAnta eva jitendriya hotA hai|14 yaha zrAvakoM kA vizeSaNa hai| 6. zukla-lezyA (paramazubha manovRtti) se yukta vyaktitva ke uparyukta vargIkaraNa kA jaina vicAraNA ke lezyA-siddhAnta se bahuta lakSaNa-yaha manobhUmi zubha manovRtti kI sarvocca bhUmikA hai| pichalI kucha zabda sAmya hai, lekina jaina dRSTi se yaha vargIkaraNa isa artha meM manovRtti ke sabhI zubha guNa isa avasthA meM vartamAna rahate haiM, lekina bhinna hai ki eka to yaha kevala mAnava jAti taka sImita hai, jabaki unakI vizuddhi kI mAtrA adhika hotI hai| prANI upazAnta, jitendriya jaina vargIkaraNa isameM sampUrNa prANI varga kA samAveza karatA hai| dUsare, evaM prasannacitta hotA hai| usake jIvana kA vyavahAra itanA mRdu hotA jaina dRSTikoNa vyaktipUraka hai, jo sAmpradAyikatA se Upara uThakara kahatA hai ki vaha apane hita ke lie dUsare ko tanika bhI kaSTa nahIM denA hai ki pratyeka vyakti yA vyakti samUha apanI manovRttiyoM evaM karmoM cAhatA hai| mana-vacana-karma se ekarUpa hotA hai tathA unapara usakA pUrNa ke AdhAra para kisI bhI varga yA abhijAti meM sammilita ho sakatA niyantraNa hotA hai| use mAtra apane Adarza kA bodha rahatA hai| binA hai| yahA~ yaha vizeSa rUpa se draSTavya hai ki jahA~ gozAlaka dvArA dUsare kisI apekSA ke vaha mAtra sva-kartavya ke paripAlana ke prati jAgarUka zramaNoM ko nIla abhijAti meM rakhA gayA, vahIM nirganthoM ko lohita rahatA hai| sadaiva sva-dharma evaM sva-svarUpa meM nimagna rahatA hai| abhijAti meM rakhanA unake prati kucha samAdara bhAva kA dyotaka avazya hai| sambhava hai ki mahAvIra evaM gozAlaka kA pUrva sambandha hI isakA lezyA-siddhAnta aura anya vicAraNAe~ kAraNa rahA ho| jahA~ taka bhagavAn buddha kI tatsambandhI mAnyatA kA bhArata meM vyakti ke manovRttiyoM guNoM evaM kamoM ke AdhAra para prazna hai, ve pUrNakazyapa athavA gozAlaka kI mAnyatA se apane ko vargIkaraNa karane kI paramparA atyanta prAcIna hai| yaha vargIkaraNa sAmAjika sahamata nahIM kara pAte haiN| ve vyakti ke naitika stara ke AdhAra para evaM sAdhanAtmaka donoM dRSTikoNoM se kiyA jAtA rahA hai| sAmAjika vargIkaraNa to prastuta karate haiM, lekina ve apane vargIkaraNa ko jaina
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________________ jaina dharma kA lezyA-siddhAnta : eka manovaijJAnika vimarza 387 vicAraNA ke samAna hI sArvabhauma evaM vastuniSTha hI rakhanA cAhate haiN| kiye gaye haiN| gItA kA kathana hai ki prANiyoM yA manuSyoM kI prakRti ve yaha bhI nahIM batAte ki amuka varga yA vyakti isa varga kA hai, varan do hI prakAra kI hotI hai- daivI yA aasurii|8 usameM bhI daivI gaNa yahI kahate haiM ki jisakI manobhUmikA evaM AcAraNa jisa varga ke anusAra mokSa ke hetu haiM aura AsurI guNa bandhana ke hetu haiN| 19 gItA meM hameM hogA, vaha usa varga meM A jaayegaa| pUrNakazyapa ke dRSTikoNa kI dvividha vargIkaraNa hI milatA hai, jinheM hama daivI aura AsurI prakRti samAlocanA karate hue bhagavAn buddha Ananda se kahate haiM ki 'maiM kaheM, cAhe kRSNa aura zuklapakSI kaheM yA kRSNa aura zukla abhijAti abhijAtiyoM ko to mAnatA hU~ lekina merA mantavya dUsaroM se pRthak kheN| SaT lezyAoM kI jaina vicAraNA ke vivecana meM bhI do hI mUla hai'|16 manodazAoM ke AdhAra para AcaraNaparaka vargIkaraNa bauddha vicAraNA prakAra haiM-prathama tIna kRSNa, nIla aura kApota-lezyA ko avizuddha, kA pramukha mantavya thaa| aprazasta aura saMkliSTa kahA gayA hai aura antima tIna tejo, padma bauddha vicAraNA meM prathamataH prazasta aura aprazasta manobhAva tathA aura zukla-lezyA ko vizuddha prazasta aura asaMkliSTa kahA gayA hai|20 karma ke AdhAra para mAnava jAti ko kRSNa aura zukla varga meM rakhA uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM spaSTa kahA gayA hai ki kRSNa, nIla evaM kApota adharma gyaa| jo krUra karmI haiM ve kRSNa abhijAti ke haiM aura jo zubha karmI lezyAyeM haiM, inake kAraNa jIvana durgati meM jAtA hai aura tejoM, padma haiM ve zukla abhijAti ke haiN| puna: kRSNa prakAra vAle aura zukla evaM zukla dharmalezyAyeM haiM, inake kAraNa jIva saMgati meM jAtA hai|21 prakAra vAle manuSyoM ko guNa-karma ke AdhAra para tIna-tIna bhAgoM meM paM0 sukhalAla jI likhate haiM ki kRSNa aura zukla ke bIca kI lezyAyeM, bA~TA gayA hai| jainAgama uttarAdhyayana meM bhI lezyAoM ko prazasta aura vicAragata azubhatA ke vividha mizraNa mAtra haiN|22 jaina dRSTi ke anusAra aprazasta ina do bhAgoM meM bA~Takara pratyeka ke tIna-tIna vibhAga kiye dharma lezyAyeM yA prazasta lezyAyeM mokSa kI hetu to hotI hai evaM jIvanamukta gaye haiN| bauddha vicAraNA ne zubhAzubha karmoM evaM manobhAvoM ke AdhAra avasthA taka vidyAmAna bhI rahatI haiM, lekina videha mukti usI avasthA para cha: varga to mAna liye, lekina isake atirikta unhoMne eka varga meM hotI hai jaba prANI inase bhI Upara uTha jAtA hai| isalie yahA~ una logoM kA bhI mAnA jo zubhAzubha se Upara uTha gaye haiM aura ise yaha kahA gayA hai ki dharma lezyAyeM sugati kA kAraNa haiM, nirvANa akRSNa zukla kahA, jaise jaina darzana meM arhat ko alezI kahA gayA kA nahIM / nirvANa kA kAraNa to lezyAoM se atIta honA hai| hai| isa prakAra buddha ne nimna cha: abhijAtiyA~ pratipAdita kI hai jaina vicAraNA vivecanA ke kSetra meM vizleSaNAtmaka adhika rahI 1. koI vyakti kRSNAbhijAtika (nIca kula meM paidA huA) ho hai| ataeva vargIkaraNa karane kI sthiti meM bhI usane kAphI gaharAI aura kRSNa dharma (pApakRtya) karatA hai| taka jAne kI koziza kI aura isI AdhAra para yaha SaTvidha vivecana 2. koI vyakti kRSNAbhijAtika ho aura zukla dharma karatA hai| kiyaa| lekina tathya yaha hai ki guNAtmaka antara ke AdhAra para to 3. koI vyakti kRSNAbhijAtika ho akRSNa-azukla nirvANa ko do hI bheda hote haiM, zeSa vargIkaraNa mAtrAtmaka hI haiN| isa prakAra yadi samutpanna karatA hai| mUla AdhAroM kI dRSTi rakheM to jaina aura gItA kI vicAraNA ko atinikaTa 4. koI vyakti zuklAbhijAtika (uccakula meM samutpanna huA) hI pAte haiN| jahA~ taka jaina darzana kI dharma aura adharma lezyAoM meM ho tathA zukla dharma (puNya) karatA hai| tathA gItA kI devI aura AsurI sampadA meM prANI kI mana:sthiti evaM 5. koI vyakti zuklAbhijAtika ho aura kRSNakarma karatA hai| AcaraNa kA jo citraNa kiyA gayA hai, usameM bahuta kucha zabda evaM 6. koI vyakti zuklAbhijAtika ho azukla-akRSNa nirvANa bhAva sAmya hai| ko samutpanna karatA hai| isa vargIkaraNa meM bhagavAn buddha ne janma aura karma donoM ko hii| dharma lezyAoM meM prANI kI mana daivI sampadA se yuktaprANIkImanaHsthiti apanA AdhAra banAyA hai jabaki jaina paramparA manobhAvoM aura karmoM ko| sthiti evaM cAritra (uttarAdhyayana evaM cAritra (gItA" kA dRSTikoNa) hI mahattva detI hai, janma ko nhiiN| phira bhI usameM deva evaM nAraka ke ke AdhAra para jaina dRSTikoNa)" sambandha meM jo lezyA kI carcA hai usase aisA lagatA hai ki ve varga zAntacitta evaM svaccha antaHkaraNa vAlA vizeSa meM janma ke sAtha lezyA vizeSa kI upasthiti mAnate the| 2. jJAna, dhyAna aura tapa meM rata tattvajJAna ke lie dhyAna meM nirantara dar3ha sthiti lezyA-siddhAnta aura gItA 3. indriyoM ko vaza meM rakhane vAlA svAdhyAyI, dAnI evaM uttama karma karane vAlA gItA meM bhI prANiyoM ke guNa-karma ke anusAra vyaktitva ke vargIkaraNa kI dhAraNA milatI hai| gItA na kevala sAmAjika dRSTi se prANiyoM 4. svAdhyAyI svAdhyAyI, dAnI evaM uttama karma karane vAlA ko guNa-karma ke anusAra cAra vargoM meM vargIkRta karatI hai, varan vaha 5. hitaiSI ahiMsAyukta, dayAzIla tathA abhaya AcaraNa kI dRSTi se bhI eka alaga vargIkaraNa prastuta karatI hai| gItA 6. krodha kI nyUnatA akrodhI, kSamAzIla ke 16veM adhyAya meM prANiyoM kI AsurI evaM daivI aisI do prakAra 7. mAna, mAyA aura lobha kA tyAgI kI prakRti batalAyI gaI hai aura isI AdhAra para prANiyoM ke do vibhAga tyAgI
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________________ 388 8. alpabhASI apizunI tathA satyazIla 1. indriya aura mana para adhikAra alolupa (indriya viSayoM meM anAsakta) karane vAlA 10. tejasvI 11. dharmI 12. namra evaM vinIta 13. capalatA rahita tathA zAMta 14. pApabhIru, zAnta aprazasta yA adharma lezyAoM meM prANiyoM kI manaHsthiti evaM cAritra (uttarAdhyayana" ke AdhAra para jaina dRSTikoNa) 4. durAcArI 5. kapaTI 6. mithyAdRSTi 8. nRzaMsa 9. hiMsaka jaina vidyA ke AyAma khaNDa 6 tejasvI dhairyavAna komala 1. ajJAnI kartavyAkartavya ke jJAna kA abhAva naSTAtmA evaM cintAgrasta 2. 3. mana, vacana evaM karma se agupta mAnasika evaM kAyika zauca se rahita (apavitra) 10. rasalolupa evaM viSayI 11. avirata 12. cora capalatArahita (acapala) loka aura zAstraviruddha AcaraNa meM lajjA AsurI sampadA se yukta prANI kI manaHsthiti evaM cAritra (gItA kA dRSTikoNa) 26 7. avicArapUrvaka karma karane vAlA alpabuddhi kUrakarmI hiMsaka, jagat kA nAza karane vAlA kAmabhoga parAyaNa tathA krodhI tRSNAyukta cora azuddha AcAra (duraacaarii| kapaTI, mithyAbhASI AtmA aura jagat ke viSaya meM mithyA dRSTikoNa mahAbhArata aura lezyA siddhAnta gItA mahAbhArata kA aMga hai aura mahAbhArata meM sanatkumAra evaM vRtrAsura ke saMvAda meM prANiyoM ke chaH prakAra ke varNoM kA nirdeza huA hai| ve varNa haiM-- kRSNa, dhUmra, nIla, rakta, hAridra aura zukla ina chaH- varNoM kI sukhAtmaka sthiti kA citraNa karate hue kahA gayA hai ki kRSNa, dhUmra aura nIla varNa kA sukha madhyama hotA hai, rakta varNa kA sukha sahya hotA hai, hAridra varNa sukhakara hotA hai aura zukla varNa sarvAdhika sukhakara hotA hai| jJAtavya hai ki jaina paramparA meM bhI SaT lezyAoM kI sukhaduHkhAtmaka sthitiyoM kI carcA upalabdha hotI hai| isake atirikta mahAbhArata meM brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya, zudra Adi ina cAra varNoM ke cAra raMgoM (varNoM) kA bhI ullekha milatA hai| isameM zUdra ko kRSNa, vaizya ko nIla, kSatriya ko rakta, aura brAhmaNa ko zukla varNa kahA gayA hai| yahA~ yaha bhI jJAtavya hai ki jainAcArya jaTAsiMha nandI ne varAMgacarita (7vIM zatI) meM isa avadhAraNA kI spaSTa samIkSA bhI kI thii| unhoMne kahA thA ki na to sabhI zUdra kAle hote haiM aura na sabhI brAhmaNa zukla varNa ke hote haiN| sAtha hI mahAbhArata meM vargoM ke AdhAra para jIvoM kI ucca evaM nimna gatiyoM kA bhI ullekha huA hai| sabhI varNoM kI carcA karate hue bhI batAyA gayA hai ki nArakIya jIvoM kA varNa kRSNa hotA hai, jo naraka se nikalate haiM unakA varNa dhUmra hotA hai mAnava jAti kA varNa nIlA hotA hai| devoM kA varNa rakta (lAla) hotA hai| anugrahazIla viziSTa devoM kA varNa hAridra aura sAdhakoM kA varNa zukla hotA hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki varNoM (raMgoM ) ke AdhAra para prANiyoM kA vargIkaraNa aneka dRSTiyoM se kiyA gayA hai| yogasUtra evaM lezyA - siddhAnta pataMjali ne apane yogasUtra meM cAra jAtiyA~ pratipAdita kI haiM1. kRSNa, 2. kRSNa zukla, 3. zukla aura 4. azukla akRSNa inheM kramaza: azuddhatara, azuddha, zuddha aura aura zuddhatara kahA gayA hai| uparokta AdhAroM para yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki prArambha meM kRSNa aura zukla ina do varNoM kI kalpanA kI inheMmanovRtti, AcaraNagati Adi se jor3A gyaa| jaina darzana meM inheM kRSNapakSI aura zuklapakSI kahA gayA tathA kRSNapakSI ko mithyAdRSTi aura zuklapakSI ko samyakdRSTi mAnA gyaa| bauddha grantha dhammapada meM kRSNa dharma aura zukla dharma kA ullekha karate hue kahA gayA hai ki paNDita kRSNa dharma kA parityAga kara zukla dharma kA anusaraNa kre| Age calakara akRSNa- azukla rUpa nirvANa kalpanA ke sAtha tIna varga banAye gye| phira janma ke AdhAra para kRSNa- abhijAti aura zukla abhijAti kI kalpanA kA karma kI dRSTi se ukta tIna avasthAoM se saMyoga karake bauddha dharma meM bhI chaH varga bane, jinakI carcA hama pUrva me kara cuke haiN| isa prakAra kRSNa aura zukla donoM ke saMyoga se kRSNa zukla nAmaka tIsare aura donoM kA atikramaNa karane se cauthe varga kI kalpanA kI gayI aura isa prakAra eka caturvidha vargIkaraNa bhI huaa| pataMjali aura bauddha darzana meM yaha caturvidha vargIkaraNa bhI milatA hai| isa prakAra kRSNa aura zukla varNa ke madhyavartI anya varNoM kI kalpanA ke sAtha AjIvaka Adi kucha prAcIna zramaNa dhArAoM meM SaT abhijAtiyoM kI aura jainadhArA meM lezyAoM kI avadhAraNA sAmane AyI hai| lezyA siddhAnta evaM pAzcAtya nItivettA raoNsa ke naitika vyaktitva kA vargIkaraNa pAzcatya nItizAstra meM DablyU 0 raoNsa bhI eka aisA vargIkaraNa prastuta karate haiM jisakI tulanA jaina lezyA - siddhAnta se kI jA sakatI hai| raoNsa kahate haiM ki naitika zubha eka aisA zubha hai jo hamAre kAryoM, icchAoM, saMvegoM tathA caritra se sambandhita hai| naitika zubhatA kA mUlya kevala isI bAta meM nahIM hai ki usakA preraka kyA hai, varan usakI anaitikatA ke prati avarodhaka zakti se bhI hai| unake anusAra naitika zubhatva ke .
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________________ jaina dharma kA lezyA-siddhAnta : eka manovaijJAnika vimarza 389 sandarbha meM manobhAvoM kA,unake nimnatama rUpa se uccatama rUpa taka ke lie kisI naitika zubhAzubhatA kA vicAra nahIM karatA hai| vaha jo nimna prakAra se vargIkaraNa kiyA jA sakatA: kucha bhI karatA hai vaha mAtra svArtha-prerita hotA hai| raoNsa ke tIsare stara 1. dUsaroM ko jitanA adhika duHkha diyA jA sakatA hai, dene meM vyakti naitika dRSTi se anucita sukha prApta karanA cAhatA hai| isa kI icchaa| prakAra yahA~ para bhI raoNsa evaM jaina dRSTikoNa vicAra-sAmya rakhate haiN| 2. dUsaroM ko kisI vizeSa prakAra kA asthAyI duHkha utpanna raoNsa ke cauthe, pA~caveM aura chaThe staroM kI saMyukta rUpa se tulanA karane kI icchaa| jaina dRSTi kI tejolezyA ke stara ke sAtha ho sakatI hai| rAsa cauthe 3. naitika dRSTi se anucita sukha prApta karane kI icchaa| stara meM prANI kI prakRti isa prakAra batAte haiM ki vyakti sukha to pAnA 4. aisA sukha prApta karane kI icchA jo, naitika dRSTi se ucita cAhatA hai, lekina vaha unhIM sukhoM kI prApti kA prayAsa karatA hai jo na ho, lekina anucita bhI na ho| naitika dRSTi se anucita bhI nahIM ho, pA~caveM stara para prANI naitika 5. naitika dRSTi se ucita sukha prApta karane kI icchaa| dRSTi se ucita sukhoM ko prApta karanA cAhatA hai tathA chaThe stara para 6. dUsaroM ko sukha dene kI icchaa| vaha dUsaroM ko sukha dene kA prayAsa bhI karatA hai| jaina vicAraNA ke 7. koI zubha kArya karane kI icchaa| anusAra bhI tejolezyA ke stara para prANI naitika dRSTi se ucita se 8. apane naitika kartavya ke paripAlana kI icchaa|27 / ucita sukhoM ko hI pAne kI icchA rakhatA hai, sAtha-sAtha vaha dUsare raoNsa apane isa vargIkaraNa meM jaina lezyA-siddhAnta ke kAphI nikaTa kI sukha-suvidhAoM kA bhI dhyAna rakhatA hai| A jAte haiN| jaina vicAraka aura raoNsa donoM svIkAra karate haiM ki naitika raoNsa ke sAtaveM stara kI tulanA jainadRSTi meM padma-lezyA se kI zubha kA samanvaya hamAre kAryoM, icchAoM, saMvegoM tathA caritra se hai| jA sakatI hai, kyoMki donoM ke anusAra isa stara para vyakti dUsaroM yahI nahIM donoM vyakti ke naitika vikAsa kA mUlyAMkana isa bAta se ke hita kA dhyAna rakhatA hai tathA dUsaroM ke hita ke lie una saba karate haiM ki vyakti ke manobhAvoM evaM AcaraNa meM kitanA parivartana huA kAryoM ko karane meM tatpara rahatA hai, jo naitika dRSTi se zubha hai| hai aura vaha vikAsa kI kisa bhUmikA meM sthita hai| raoNsa ke vargIkaraNa raoNsa ke anusAra manobhAvoM ke AThaveM sarvocca stara para vyakti ke pahale stara kI tulanA kRSNa-lezyA kI manobhUmikA se kI jA sakatI ko mAtra apane kartavya kA bodha rahatA hai| vaha hitAhita kI bhUmikAoM hai, donoM hI dRSTikoNoM ke anusAra isa stara meM prANI kI manovRtti se Upara uTha jAtA hai| isI prakAra jaina vicAraNA ke anusAra bhI naitikatA dUsaroM ko yathAsambhava duHkha dene kI hotI hai| jaina vicAraNA kA jAmuna kI isa uccatama bhUmikA meM jise zukla-lezyA kahA jAtA hai, vyakti ke vRkSa vAlA udAharaNa bhI yahI batAtA hai ki kRSNa-lezyA vAlA vyakti ko samatva bhAva kI upalabdhi ho jAtI hai, ata: vaha sva aura para usa jAmuna vRkSa ke mUla ko prApta karane kI icchA rakhatA hai arthAt bheda se Upara uThakara mAtra AtmasvarUpa meM sthita rahatA hai| jitanA vinAza kiyA jA sakatA hai yA jitanA suHkha diyA jA sakatA isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki na kevala jaina, bauddha aura bRhad hai, use dene kI icchA rakhatA hai| dUsare stara kI tulanA nIla lezyA hindU paramparA varan pAzcAtya vicAraka bhI isa viSaya meM ekamata haiM ki se kI jA sakatI hai| raoNsa ke anusAra vyakti isa stara meM dUsaroM ko vyakti ke manobhAvoM se usake vyaktitva kA nirmANa hotA hai| vyakti asthAyI duHkha dene kI icchA rakhatA hai, jainadRSTi ke anusAra bhI isa kA AcaraNa eka ora usake manobhAvoM kA paricAyaka hai, to dUsarI avasthA meM prANI dUsaroM ko duHkha usI sthiti meM denA cAhatA hai, jaba ora usake naitika vyaktitva kA nirmAtA bhI hai| manobhAva evaM tajjanita unake duHkha dene se usakA svArtha sadhatA hai| isa prakAra isa stara para AcaraNa jaise-jaise azubha se zubha kI ora bar3hatA hai, vaise-vaise vyakti prANI dUsaroM ko tabhI duHkha detA hai jaba usakA svArtha use TakarAtA meM bhI paripakvatA evaM vikAsa dRSTigata hotA hai| aise zuddha, saMtulita, ho| yadyapi jainadRSTi yaha svIkAra karatI hai ki isa stara meM vyakti sthira evaM paripakva vyaktitva kA nirmANa jIvana kA lakSya hai| apane choTe se hita ke lie dUsaroM kA bar3A ahita karane meM nahIM skucaataa| jaina vicAraNA ke uparyukta udAharaNa meM batAyA gayA hai ki nIla-lezyA lezyA-siddhAnta kA aitihAsika vikAsakrama vAlA vyakti phala ke lie samUla vRkSa kA nAza to nahIM karatA, lekina jahA~ taka lezyA kI avadhAraNA ke aitihAsika vikAsakrama kA usakI zAkhA ko kATa dene kI manovRtti rakhatA hai arthAt usa vRkSa prazna hai, DaoN0 lyUmena aura DaoN0 haramana jaikobI kI mAnyatA yaha hai kA pUrNa nAza nahIM, varan usake eka bhAga kA nAza karatA hai| dUsare ki AjIvakoM kI SaT-abhijAtiyoM kI kalpanA se hI jainoM meM SaTzabdoM meM AMzika duHkha detA hai| raoNsa ke tIsare stara kI tulanA jaina lezyAoM kI avadhAraNA kA vikAsa huA hai| SaT-lezyAoM ke nAma dRSTi kI kApotalezyA se kI jA sakatI hai| jaina dRSTi yaha svIkAra Adi kI SaT-abhijAtiyoM ke nAmoM se bahuta kucha sAmyatA ko dekhakara karatI hai ki nIla aura kApota-lezyA ke ina staroM meM vyakti sukhApekSI unakA yaha mAna lenA asvAbhAvika to nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai, phira hotA hai, lekina jina sukhoM kI vaha gaveSaNA karatA hai, ve vAsanAtmaka bhI yadi abhijAti-siddhAnta aura lezyA-siddhAnta kI mUla prakRti ko sukha hI hote haiN| dUsare, jaina vicAraNA yaha bhI svIkAra karatI hai ki dekheM to hameM donoM meM eka antara pratIta hotA hai| abhijAti kA siddhAnta kApota-lezyA ke stara taka vyakti apane svArtha yA sukhoM kI prApti dhArmika vizvAsoM aura sAdhanAoM ke bAhya AdhAra para kiyA gayA vyakti
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________________ 390 kA vargIkaraNa hai, jabaki lezyA kA siddhAnta manovRttiyoM ke AdhAra para hone vAle manodaihika parivartanoM aura vyakti ke vyaktitva kI cAritrika viziSTatAoM kA sUcaka hai| ataH nAma sAmyatA hote hue bhI donoM meM dRSTigata bhinnatA hai| dUsare yaha hai ki pUrNakazyapa, maMkhalI gozAlaka Adi AjIvaka AcArya bhI mahAvIra ke samakAlika hI haiM, ataH kisase kisane liyA hai yaha kahanA kaThina hai / punaH lezyA zabda jainoM kA apanA pAribhASika zabda hai, kisI bhI anya paramparA meM isa artha meM yaha zabda milatA hI nahIM hai| ata: isa avadhAraNA ke vikAsa kA zreya to jaina paramparA ko denA hI hogaa| ho sakatA hai ki SaT-abhijAti Adi usa yuga meM samAnAntara rUpa se pracalita anya siddhAntoM se unhoMne kRSNa, zukla, nIla Adi nAma grahaNa kiye hoM, kintu yaha bhI jJAtavya hai ki SaT - abhijAtiyoM evaM SaT lezyAoM ke nAmoM meM bhI pUrI samAnatA nahI hai| kevala kRSNa, nIla aura zukla ye tIna samAna haiM, kintu lohita, hAridra, padma-zukla ye tIna nAma lezyA siddhAnta meM nahIM hai, unake sthAna para kApota, tejoM evaM padma ye tIna nAma milate haiN| ataH lezyA siddhAnta abhijAti siddhAnta kI pUrNataH anukRti nahIM hai| manobhAvoM, cAritrika vizuddhi, lokakalyANa kI pravRtti Adi ke AdhAra para vyaktiyoM athavA unake vyaktitva ke vargIkaraNa kI paramparA sabhI dharma paramparAoM meM aura sabhI kAloM meM pAI jAtI hai| pratyeka dharma paramparA ne apanI-apanI dRSTi se usa para vicAra kiyA hai| aitihAsika dRSTi se lezyA zabda kA prayoga ati prAcIna hai| itanA nizcita hai ki prAcIna pAli tripiTaka ke dIghanikAya aura aMguttaranikAya, jinameM AbhijAti kA siddhAnta pAyA jAtA hai, kI apekSA AcArAMga kA prathama zrutaskandha bhASA, zailI aura viSayavastu tInoM hI dRSTiyoM se prAcIna hai| vidvAn use I0 pU0 pA~cavI cauthI zatI kA grantha mAnate haiM aura usameM abahilesse " zabda kI upasthiti yahI sUcita karatI hai ki lezyA kI avadhAraNA mahAvIra ke samakAlIna hai| punaH uttarAdhyayanasUtra jo AcArAMgasUtra aura sUtrakRtAMgasUtra ke atirikta anya sabhI AgamoM se prAcIna mAnA jAtA hai, meM lezyAoM ke sambandha meM eka pUrA adhyayana upalabdha honA yahI sUcita karatA hai ki lezyA kI avadhAraNA eka prAcIna avadhAraNA hai| jaina darzana meM AdhyAtmika aura cAritrika vizuddhi kI dRSTi se paravartI kAla meM jo trividha-AtmA ke siddhAnta aura guNasthAna ke siddhAnta astitva meM Aye, usakI apekSA lezyA kA siddhAnta prAcIna hai, kyoMki na kevala AcArAMgasUtra aura uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM apitu sUtrakRtAMgasUtra meM 'suvizuddhalese' tathA aupapAtikasUtra meM 'apaDilessa' zabdoM kA ullekha milatA hai| yahA~ sarvatra lezyA zabda manovRtti kA hI paricAyaka hai aura sAdhaka kI Atmavizuddhi kI sthiti ko sUcita karatA hai| vastutaH lezyA - siddhAnta meM AtmA ke saMkliSTa athavA vizuddha pariNAmoM kI carcA raMgoM ke AdhAra para kI gayI hai| yaha raMgoM ke AdhAra para vyaktiyoM aura unake manobhAvoM ke vargIkaraNa kI paramparA bhAratIya sAhitya meM atiprAcIna kAla se rahI hai| lezyA kI avadhAraNA ko prAcIna kahane se hamArA yaha tAtparya jaina vidyA ke AyAma khaNDa - 6 nahIM hai ki usameM koI vikAsa nahIM huaa| yadi hama jaina sAhitya meM upalabdha lekhA sambandhI vivaraNoM ko par3he te spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki lezyA avadhAraNA kI aneka dRSTiyoM se vivecanA kI gayI hai| sarvaprathama uttarAdhyayanasUtra" meM nAma, varNa, rasa, gandha, sparza, pariNAma, lakSaNa, sthAna, sthiti, gati aura Ayu ina gyAraha vicAra binduoM (dvAroM) se usa para vicAra kiyA gayA hai| jabaki bhagavatIsUtra evaM prajJApanAsUtra " meM nimna pandraha vicAra binduoM (dvAroM) se lezyA kI carcA kI gayI hai| 1. pariNAma, 2. varNa, 3. rasa, 4. gandha, 5. zuddha 6. aprazasta, 7. saMkliSTa, 8. uSNa, 9 gati, 10 pariNAma, 11. pradeza, 12 vargaNA, 13. avagAhanA, 14. sthAna evaM 15. alpa - bahutva / isake pazcAt digambara paramparA meM akalaMka ne tattvArtharAjavArtika" meM lezyA kI vivecanA ke nimna solaha anuyogoM kI carcA kI hai-- 1. nirdeza, 2. varNa, 3. pariNAma, 4. saMkrama, 5. karma, 6. lakSaNa, 7. gati 8. svAmitva 9 saMkhyA 10. sAdhanA, 11. kSetra 12. sparzana, 13. kAla, 14. antara 15. bhAva aura 16. alpa-bahutva / akalaMka ke pazcAt gommaTasAra ke jIvakANDa" meM bhI lezyA kI vivecanA ke uparyukta 16 hI adhikAroM kA ullekha huA hai| vistArabhaya se hama yahA~ ina sabhI kI carcA nahIM kara rahe haiM, kintu tulanAtmaka dRSTi se vicAra karane para spaSTa hotA hai ki aitihAsika dRSTi se lezyA - siddhAnta kA prAcIna hone para bhI isameM kramika vikAsa dekhane ko milatA hai| isakI vistRta carcA DaoN0 zAntA jaina ne apane zodha-prabandha meM kI hai| Adhunika vijJAna aura lezyA siddhAnta - hama dekhate haiM ki I0 pU0 pA~cavI zatAbdI se I0 san dazavIM zatAbdI taka lezyA sambandhI cintana meM jo kramika vikAsa huA thA, vaha 11vIM - 12vIM zatAbdI ke bAda prAyaH sthira ho gayA thA / kintu Adhunika yuga meM manovijJAna, raMga- manovijJAna, raMga-cikitsA Adi jJAna kI nayI vidhAoM ke vikAsa ke sAtha jaina darzana kI lezyA sambandhI vivecanAoM ko eka nayA mor3a prApta huaa| jaina darzana ke lezyAsiddhAnta ko Adhunika vijJAna ke pariprekSya meM vyAkhyAyita karane kA mukhya zreya AcArya tulasI ke vidvAn ziSya AcArya mahAprajJa jI ko jAtA hai| unhoMne Adhunika vyaktitva manovijJAna ke sAtha-sAtha AbhAmaNDala, raMga- manovijJAna, raMga-cikitsA Adi avadhAraNAoM ko lekara 'AbhAmaNDala' jainayoga Adi apane grantha meM isakA vistAra se varNana kiyA hai| prAcIna aura arvAcIna avadhAraNAoM ko lekara DaoN0 zAntA jaina ne lezyA kA manovaijJAnika adhyayana nAmaka eka zodhaprabandha likhA hai jisameM lezyA ke vibhinna pakSoM kI carcA kI gayI hai| unhoMne apane isa zodha grantha meM lezyA kA saiddhAntika pakSa, manovaijJAnika pariprekSya meM lezyA, raMgoM kI manovaijJAnika prastuti, lezyA aura AbhAmaNDala, vyaktitva aura lezyA, sambhava hai vyaktitva badalAva aura lezyA dhyAna, raMgadhyAna aura lezyA Adi lezyA ke vibhinna AyAmoM para gambhIratA se vicAra kiyA hai| .
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________________ jaina dharma kA lezyA-siddhAnta : eka manovaijJAnika vimarza 391 vastuta: unakA yaha grantha lezyA kI prAcIna avadhAraNA kI Adhunika hai, use nayA AyAma pradAna kareMge aura sAtha hI mAnava ke cAritrika jJAna-vijJAna ke sandarbha meM eka navIna vyAkhyA hai aura bhAvI lezyA badalAva aura AdhyAtmika vizuddhi kI dizA meM sahayogI bneNge| Aja sambandhI adhyayanoM ke lie mArga pradarzaka hai| isake adhyayana se yaha paryAvaraNa kI vizuddhi para dhyAna to diyA jAne lagA hai, kintu isa pratiphalita hotA hai ki bhAratIya cintana kI prAcIna avadhAraNAoM ko bhautika paryAvaraNa kI apekSA jo hamArA manodaihika aura mAnasika Adhunika jJAna-vijJAna ke sandarbha meM kisa prakAra prastuta kiyA jA sakatA paryAvaraNa hai, jise jaina paramparA meM lezyA kahA gayA hai, use bhI zuddha hai aura unakI samakAlika prAsaMgikatA ko kaise siddha kiyA jA sakatA rakhane kI AvazyakatA hai| maiM samajhatA hU~ ki lezyA kI AvadhAraNA hai| AzA hai Adhunika vijJAna aura manovijJAna ke adhyetA isa dizA hameM yahI iMgita karatI hai ki hama saMkliSTa mAnasika pariNAmoM se Upara meM apane prayatnoM ko Age bar3hAyeMge aura isa prakAra ke adhyayana kA uThakara apane mAnasika paryAvaraNa ko kisa prakAra zuddha rakha jo dvAra AcArya mahAprajJa aura DaoN0 zAntA jaina ne udghATita kiyA sakate haiN| sandarbha 1. dekheM-abhidAnarAjendrakoSa, zrI vijaya rAjendrasUri, ratalAma, khaNDa 3, pR0 395 2. lezyA-atIva cakSurAdIpikA snigdha, dIpta, rUpA chaayaa| -uttarAdhyayana bRhadvRtti patra 650 3. dekheM-bhagavatI ArAdhanA, bhAga 2, sampAdaka paM0 kailAzacandra jI zAstrI, jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha, zolApura, 1935, gAthA 1909 zrI puSkaramuni abhinandana grantha, saMpA0 devendramuni zAstrI, prakA0, tArakaguru jaina granthAlaya, zAstrI sarkala, udayapura, 1979, khaNDa paMcama, pR0 461 / DaoN0 zAntA jaina, lezyA kA manovaijJAnika adhyayana, prathama adhyAya 6. abhidhAna rAjendrakoSa, zrI vijayarAjendrasUri, ratalAma, khaNDa 6, pR0675| 7. (a) darzana aura cintana, paM0 sukhalAlajI saMghavI, prakA0, gujarAta vidyAsabhA, ahamadAbAda, 1957, bhAga 2, pR0 297 (ba) abhidhAnarAjendrakoSa, zrI vijayarAjandesUri, ratalAma khaNDa 6, pR0 675 / 8. uttarAdhyayanasUtra, saMpA0- ratanalAla dozI, zramaNopAsaka jaina pustakAlaya, sailAnA vIra saM0 2478, 34/3 ethikala sTaDIja, breDale, AksaphorDa vizvavidyAlaya presa,laMdana, 1927 pR065| 10. uttarAdhyayanasUtra, saMpA0- ratanalAla dozI, zramaNopAsaka jaina pustakAlaya, sailAnA, vIra saM0 2478, 34/21-22 11. vahI, 34/21-22 12. vahI, 34/25-26 13. vahI, 34/27-28 14. vahI, 34/29-30 15. vahI, 34/31-32 16. aMguttaranikAya, anu0 bhadanta Ananda kausalyAyana, mahAbodhi sabhA, kalakattA, 6/3 17. vahI, 6/3 18. gItA, gItA presa, gorakhapura, vi0 saM0 2018, 16/6 19. vahI 16/5 20. abhidhAnarAjendrakoSa, zrI vijayarAjendrasUri, ratalAma, khaNDa 6, pR0687 21. uttarAdhyayanasUtra, saMpA0, ratanalAla dozI, zramaNopAsaka jaina pustakAlaya, sailAnA, vIra saM0 2478, 34/56-57 22. darzana aura cintana, paM0 sukhalAlajI saMghavI, gujarAta vidhAsabhA ahamadAbAda, 1957, bhAga -2, pR0 112 / 23. uttarAdhyayanasUtra, saMpA0- ratanalAla dozI, zramaNopAsaka jaina pustakAlaya, sailAnA-vIra saM0 2478, 34/27-32 24. gItA, gItA presa, gorakhapura, vi saM0 2018, 16/1-3 25. uttarAdhyayanasUtra, saMpA0- ratanalAla dozI, zramaNopAsaka jaina pustakAlaya, sailAnA-vIra saM0 2478, 34/21-36 26. gItA, gItA presa, gorakhapura, vi0 saM0 2018, 16/7-18 27. phAuNDezana oNpha ethiksa-uddhRta, 28. AyAro, saMpA0-AcArya tulasI, prakA0-jaina vizvabhAratI, lADana, saM0 2031, -6/106 29. uttarAdhyayanasUtra- saMpA0- ratanalAla dozI, zramaNopAsaka jaina pustakAlaya, sailAnA, vIra saM0 2478, 34/2 30. prajJApanAsUtra, saMpA0 AcArya amolaka RSi, prakA0-lAlA jvAlA prasAda, haidarAbAda, 17/411 31. tattvArtharAjavArtika, saMpA0- DaoN mahendrakumAra jaina, prakA0- bhAratIya jJAnapITha kAzI, pR0 238 32. gommaTasAra (jIvakANDa), saMpA0- DaoN ena0 ena0 upAdhye, prakA0 bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, vArANasI 1978, gAthA 491-492