Page #1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ DA. hukamacanda bhArilla jaina darzana kA tAttvika pakSa vastu svAtantrya jaina darzana meM vastu ke jisa anekAntAtmaka svarUpa kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai, usameM vastusvAtantrya ko sarvAdhika mahatvapUrNa sthAna prApta hai / usameM mAtra jana-jana kI svatantratA kI hI carcA nahIM, apitu pratyeka dravya kI pUrNa svatantratA kA satarka va sazakta pratipAdana huA hai / usameM 'svatantra honA hai' kI carcA nahIM 'svatantra hai' kI ghoSaNA kI gaI hai| 'honA hai' meM svatantratA kI nahIM, paratantratA kI svIkRti hai, 'honA hai' arthAt nahIM hai / jo hai use kyA honA ? svabhAva se pratyeka vastu svatantra hI hai| jahAM honA hai kI carcA hai, vaha paryAya kI carcA hai| jise svabhAva kI svatantratA samajha meM AtI hai, pakar3a meM AtI hai, anubhava meM AtI hai, usakI paryAya meM svatantratA prakaTa hotI hai arthAt usako svatantra paryAya prakaTa hotI hai / : paryAya bhI paratantra nahIM hai / svabhAva kI svatantratA vastutaH kI ajAnakArI hI paryAya kI paratantratA hai / paryAya ke vikAra kA kAraNa 'maiM paratantra hU~' aisI mAnyatA hai, na ki parapadArtha / svabhAgaparyAya ko to paratantra koI nahIM mAnatA para vikArI - paryAya ko paratantra kahA jAtA hai| usakI paratantratA kA artha mAtra itanA hai ki vaha paralakSya se utpanna huI hai| para ke kAraNa kisI dravya kI koI paryAya utpanna nahIM hotI / vizva kA pratyeka padArtha pUrNa svatantra evaM pariNamanazIla hai, vaha apane pariNamana kA kartAdhartA svayaM hai, usake pariNamana meM para kA hastakSepa raMcamAtra bhI nahIM hai| yahA~ taka ki paramezvara (bhagavAna) bhI usakI sattA evaM pariNamana kA kartA hartA nahIM hai| dUsaroM ke pariNamana arthAt kArya meM hastakSepa kI bhAvanA hI mithyA, niSphala aura dukha kA kAraNa hai| kyoMki saba jIvoM ke jIvana-maraNa, sukha-dukha svayaMkRta karma ke phala haiN| eka dUsare ko eka dUsare ke duHkha-sukha aura jIvana maraNa ko kartA mAnanA ajJAna hai / bI. ni. saM. 2503 kahA hai sarvaM sadaiva niyataM bhavati svakIyakamoMdayAmaraNa jIvita duHkha soyam / ajJAnametadihaM yattuH paraH parasya, kuryAtyumAnmaraNa jIvita duHkha saukhyam // yadi eka prANI ko dUsare ke duHkha sukha aura jIvana-maraNa ko karttA mAnA jAe to phira svayaMkRta zubhAzubha karma niSphala sAbita hoNge| kyoMki prazna yaha hai ki hama bure karma kareM aura koI dUsarA vyakti yadi vaha kitanA hI zaktizAlI kyoM na ho, kyA vaha hameM sukhI kara sakatA hai? isI prakAra hama acche kArya kareM aura koI vyakti, yadi vaha Izvara hI kyoM na ho, kyA hamArA burA kara sakatA hai ? yadi hA~, to phira acche kArya karanA aura bure kAryoM se DaranA vyartha hai kyoMki unake phala ko bhoganA to Avazyaka hai nahIM ? aura yadi yaha sahI hai ki hameM apane acche bure karmoM kA phala bhoganA hI par3egA to phira para ke hastakSepa kI kalpanA nirarthaka hai| isI bAta ko amitagati AcArya ne isa prakAra vyakta kiyA hai svayaM kRtaH karmayadAtmanApurA, phalaM sadIyaM labhate zubhAzubhaM / pareNa dattaM yadi labhyate sphU svayaM kRtaM nirarthakaM tadA / / nija karma vihAya dehino, na kopi kasyApi dadAti kiMcana / vicArayanneva mananya mAnasaH, paro dadAtIti vimucaya mAM // 1. AcArya amRtacandra ( samayasAra kalaza 168 ) 2. bhAvanA dvAtriMzatikA ( sAmAyika pATha) chanda 30-31 67
Page #2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ AcArya amRtacandra to yahA~ taka kahate haiM ki para dravya aura Atma tatva meM koI bhI sambandha nahIM hai to phira kartA karma sambandha kaise ho sakatA hai| nAsti sarvo'pi sambandhaH paradravyAtmatatvayoH / kartR karmatvasaMbaMdhAbhAve tatkartRtA kutaH / / vibhinna dravyoM ke bIca sarva prakAra ke sambandha kA niSedha hI vastutaH pUrNa svataMtratA kI ghoSaNA hai| para ke sAtha kisI bhI prakAra ke saMbaMdha kI svIkRti paratantratA ko hI batAtI hai| anya sambandhoM kI apekSA kartAkarma sambandha sarvAdhika paratantratA kA sUcaka hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki jaina darzana meM kartAvAda kA spaSTa niSedha kiyA hai / kartAvAda ke niSedha kA tAtparya mAtra itanA nahIM hai ki koI zaktimAna Izvara jagata kA kartA nahIM hai apitu yaha bhI hai, koI bhI dravya kisI dUsare dravya kA kartA-hartA nahIM hai| kisI eka mahAna zakti ko samasta jagata kA kartA-hartA mAnanA eka kartAvAda hai to paraspara eka dravya ko dUsare dravya kA kartA hartA mAnanA aneka kartAvAda / jaba jaba kartAvAda yA akartAgada kI carcA calatI hai taba taba prAyaH yahI samajhA jAtA hai ki jo Izvara ko jagata kA kartA mAne vaha kartAvAdI hai aura jo Izvara ko jagata kA kartA na mAne baha akrtaavaadii| cUMki jaina darzana Izvara ko jagata kA kartA nahIM mAnatA, ataH vaha akartAvAdI darzana hai| jaina darzana kA akartAvAda mAtra IzvaravAda ke niSedha taka hI sImita nahIM, kintu samasta para kartavya ke niSedha evaM svakarta tva ke samarthana rUpa hai| akartAvAda kA artha Izvara kartutva kA niSedha to hai, para mAtra kartRtva ke niSedha taka bhI sImita nahIM, svayaMkartRtva para AdhArita hai| akartAvAda yAnI svayaM kartAvAda / pratyeka dravya apanI pariNati kA svayaM kartA hai| usake pariNamana meM para kA raMcamAtra bhI hastakSepa nahIM hai| svayaM kartRtva hone para bhI usakA bhAra jaina darzana ko svIkAra nahIM, kyoMki vaha saba sahaja svabhAvavat pariNamana hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki sarvazreSTha digambara AcArya kundakunda ne apane sarvAdhika mahatvapUrNa grantha samayasAra kartAkarma adhikAra meM IzvarabAda ke niSedha kI to carcA taka hI nahIM kI aura saMpUrNa bala kartRtva ke niSedha evaM jJAnI ko vikAra ke bhI kartRtva kA abhAva siddha karane para diyA / jo samasta kartRtva evaM karmatva ke bhAra se mukta ho, use hI jJAnI kahA hai| kundakunda kI samasyA apane ziSyoM ko IzvaravAda se ubhArane kI nahIM varan mAnyatA meM pratyeka vyakti eka choTA-moTA Izvara banA huA hai aura mAne baiThA hai ki "maiM apane kuTumba, parivAra, deza va samAja ko pAlatA hU~, unheM sukhI karatA hU~ aura zatru Adika ko mAratA hU~ va duHkhI karatA hU~ athavA maiM bhI dUsare ke dvArA sukhIdukhI kiyA jAtA hUM yA mArA-bacAyA jAtA huuN|" isa mithyA 3. AcArya amRtacandraH samayasAra kalaza 200 mAnyatA se bacAne kI thii| ata: unhoMne kartAvAda saMbaMdhI ukta mAnyatA kA kaThoratA se niSedha kiyA hai unhIM ke zabdoM meM: jo maNNadi hiMsAmi ya hiMsijjAmi ya parohiM sattohiM / so mUDho aNNANI vANI eto du vivarodo // 24 // jo maNNadi jIvemi ya jIvijjAmi ya parehi sattehiM / so ma r3ho aNNANI NANI eno du vivarIdo // 250 / / jo appaNA du maNNadi dukkhii suhide karomi satte ti| so mUDho aNNANI NANI eto du vivarodI / / 253 / / dukkhidasuhide jIve karemi baMdhemi taha vimecimi / jo esA mUDhamaI NiratyayA sA ha de micchA / / 266 / / jo yaha mAnatA hai ki maiM para-jIboM ko mAratA hU~ aura para-jIva mujhe mArate haiM-vaha mUr3ha hai, ajJAnI hai aura isase viparIta mAnane vAlA jJAnI hai| jo jIva yaha mAnatA hai ki maiM para jIvoM ko jilAtA (rakSA karatA) hU~ aura parajIva mujhe jilAte (rakSA karate) haiM, vaha mUr3ha hai, ajJAnI hai aura isase viparIta mAnane vAlA jJAnI hai| ___ jo yaha mAnatA hai ki maiM para jIvoM ko sukhI-dukhI karatA hU~ aura parajIva mujhe sukhI-dukhI karate haiM, vaha mUr3ha hai, ajJAnI hai aura isase viparIta mAnane vAlA jJAnI hai / ____ maiM jIvoM ko duHkhI-sukhI karatA hU~, bAMdhatA hU~ tathA chur3AtA hU~ aisI jo yaha terI mUr3hamati (mohita buddhi) hai vaha nirarthaka hone se vAstava meM mithyA hai| unakA akartRtvavAda "mAtra Izvara jagata kA kartA nahIM hai" ke niSedhAtmaka mArga taka sImita hai| vaha bhI isalie ki ve jaina haiM aura jaina darzana Izvara ko jagata kA kartA nahIM mAnatA hai, ataH ve bhI nahIM mAnate / Izvara ko kartA nahIM mAnane para bhI svagaM-kartRtva unakI samajha meM nahIM aataa| para ke sAtha AtmA kA kArakatA ke saMbaMdha kA niSedha pravacanasAra kI 'tatva pradIpikA" TIkA meM isa prakAra kiyA hai: ato na nizcayataH pareNasahAtmanaH kArakatva saMbaMdho'sti / jIva karma kA aura karma jIva kA kartA nahIM hai| isa bAta ko paMcAstikAya meM isa prakAra spaSTa kiyA gayA hai: kuvvaM sagaM sahAva attA kattA samassa bhAvassa / Na hi poggalakammANaM idi jiNavayaNaM muNeyavvaM / / 6 / / kammaM pi sagaM kuvvadi seNa sahAveNa sammamaNAmaM / / jIvo vi ya tArisao kammasahAveNa bhAveNa / / 62 / / kamma kamma kuvvadi jadi sA appA karedi. appANaM / kidha tassa phalaM bhuNAdi appA kammaM ca dehi phalaM / / 67 / / apane svabhAva ko karatA huA AtmA apane bhAva kA kartA hai, pudgala karmoM kA nhiiN| aisA jina vacana jAnanA caahie| 4, AcArya kundakunda (samayasAra, baMdha adhikAra) rAjendra-jyoti
Page #3
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ karma bhI apane svabhAva se apane ko karate haiM aura usI prakAra sAmAnya guNa bhI anaMta hote haiM aura vizeSa bhI anaMta / jIva bho karmasvabhAva bhAva se apane ko karatA hai| yadi karma-karma ananta guNoM kA kathana to sambhava nahIM hai / ataH yaha sAmAnya ko aura AtmA-AtmA ko kare to phira karma AtmA ko phala kyoM guNoM kA varNana zAstroM meM milatA hai:-- degA aura AtmA usakA phala kyoM bhogegA? arthAta nahIM bhogegaa| astitva, vastutva, dravyatva, prematva, agurulaghutva aura prdeshtv| jahA~ kartAvAdI dArzanikoM ke sAmane jagata Izvarakta hone se pratyeka dravya kI sattA apane astitva guNa ke kAraNa hai na ki sAdi svIkAra kiyA gayA hai vahAM akartAvAdI yA svayaMkartAvAdI para ke kaarnn| isI prakAra pratyeka dravya meM eka dravyatva guNa jaina darzana ke anusAra yaha vizva anAdi ananta hai, ise na to kisI bhI hai jisake kAraNa pratyeka dravya prati samaya pariNamita hotA ne banAyA hai aura na hI koI isakA vinAza kara sakatA hai, yaha hai use apane pariNamana meM para se sahayoga kI apekSA nahIM svayaM siddha hai| vizva kA kabhI bhI sarvathA nAza nahIM hotA, mAtra rahatI hai / ataH koI bhI apane pariNamana meM paramakhApekSI nahIM parivartana hotA hai aura vaha parivartana bhI kabhI-kabhI nahIM, hai| yahI usakI svataMtratA kA AdhAra hai| astitva guNa pratyeka nirantara huA karatA hai| dravya kI sattA kA AdhAra hai aura dravyatva gaNa pariNamana kaa| yaha samasta jagata parivartanazIla hokara bhI nitya hai aura agarulaghutva guNa ke kAraNa eka dravya kA dUsare meM praveza saMbhava nitya hokara bhI parivartanazIla / yaha nityanityAtmaka hai| isakI nahIM hai| nityatA svataH siddha hai aura parivartana svabhAvagata dhrm| sadbhAva ke samAna abhAva bhI vastu kA dharma hai / kahA bhI hai "bhavatyabhAvo'pi ca vastu dharmA:7 nityatA ke samAna anityatA bhI vastu kA svarUpa hai| sat utpAda-vyaya dhrauvya se yukta hotA hai| utpAda aura vyaya parivartana abhAva cAra prakAra kA mAnA gayA hai.zIlatA kA nAma hai aura dhrauvya nityatA kaa| pratyeka padArtha utpAda prArgAbhAva, pradhvaMsAbhAva, anyonyAbhAva aura atyantAbhAva vyaya-dhrauvya se yukta hai| ata: vaha dravya hai| dravya gaNa aura paryAyavAra hotA hai| jo dravya ke saMpUrNa bhAgoM aura samasta avasthAoM meM rahe eka dravya kA dUsare dravya kA dUsare dravya meM atyantAbhAva hone use guNa kahate haiM tathA guNoM ke pariNamana ko paryAya kahA jAtA hai| ke kAraNa bhI usakI svataMtratA sadAkAla akhaNDita rahatI hai jahA~ atyantAbhAva dravyoM kI svataMtratA kI duMdubhi bajAte haiN| pratyeka dravya meM ananta ananta guNa hote haiM jinheM do bhAgoM meM jaina darzana ke svAtantrya siddhAnta ke AdhArabhUta ina saba vargIkRta kiyA jAtA hai / sAmAnya guNa aura vizeSa gnn| sAmAnya gaNa saba dravyoM meM samAna rUpa se pAye jAte haiM aura viSayoM kI carcA jaina darzana meM vistAra se kI gaI hai| inakI vizeSa guNa apane-apane dravya meM pRthak-pRthak hote haiN| vistRta carcA karanA yahA~ na to saMbhava aura na apekSita / jinheM jijJAsA ho, jinheM jaina darzana kA hArTa jAnanA ho, unheM usakA gaMbhIra adhyayana karanA caahie| 5. AcArya umAsvAmI: tatvArthasUtra, adhyAya 5 sUtra 30 6. vahI adhyAya 5 sUtra 38 7. AcArya samantabhadra : yuktyanuzAsana, kArikA 39 (jaina darzana meM pudgala kA svarUpa....pRSTha 64 kA zeSa) (sparza, rasa, gandha, zabda) ke viSayabhUta hote haiM, guNa kI dRSTi se pudgala paramANu isa loka meM eka sire se sUkSma bAdara kahalAte haiN| jaise vAyu, gaisa Adi / dUsare sire taka lagAtAra gati karate rahate haiN| loka kA aisA koI manovargaNA, bhASA vargaNA aura vAyu vargaNA, atIndriya bhI pradeza nahIM haiM jahA~ pudgala kA astitva nahIM ho| yaha sarvatra pudgala skandha sUkSma kahalAte haiM, ye indriya grAhya bhI vyApta hai| pudgala paramANuoM kA skandha meM tathA skandha kA padagala paramANuoM meM parivartana lagAtAra hotA rahatA hai, kintu nahIM hote haiN| yaha parivartana bhI kAla sApekSa dRSTi se hotA hai| 6. atIndriya sUkSma skandhoM se bhI sUkSma pudgala skandha (dvipradezI) ati sUkSma pudgala kahalAte haiN| cUMki paramANu pudgala kI sUkSmatama ikAI hai aura nizcaya pUdagala astikAya ke svarUpa ko, usakI dasa prakAra kI naya kI dRSTi se hI mUrta mAnA gayA hai| isaliye svayaM paramANa avasthAoM dvArA bhI samajhA jA sakatA hai| ve kramazaH zabda, bandha, meM galana milana kI prakriyA nahIM hai| yadi kisI taraha se yaha sakSmasthUla, saMsthAna, bheda, tama, chAyA, Atapa tathA udyota haiN| pramANita ho jAve ki galana-milana kI prakriyA kevala pUdagala skandhoM para hI lAgU hotI hai, to isa zuddha pudgala paramANu ___ zabda kI utpatti mahAskandhoM ke saMghaTTa se hotI hai, bandha ko pudgala kI paribhASA se mukta kiyA jA sakatA hai| yaha kI sthiti paramANu tathA skandha donoM meM sambhava hai| zvetAmbara vicAra kA, zodha kA viSaya hai| paramparA ke anusAra jaghanya aMza vAle paramANu kA ajaghanya aMza vAle paramANu ke sAtha bandha hotA hai, kintu digambara paramparA ke pudagala kI upayogitA ke bAre meM vicAra kareM to pudagala anasAra bandha kevala eka hI sthiti meM hotA hai, jaba donoM pudagala kA manuSya jIvana para bahuta upakAra hai| sampUrNa sRSTi kI racanA paramANa meM snigdhatA tathA rUkSatA ke aMza jaghanya nahIM hoM, aura hI paudgalika hai| zarIra, AhAra, indriyA~, zvAsocchavAsa, donoM meM do aMzoM se adhika kA antara nahIM ho| isI prakAra dravyamana, dravya karma, no karma sabhI pudgala kI hI paryAya hai| nizcaya sUkSma, sthala, bheda, tama, chAyA, Atapa, udyota bhI pudgala asti- naya kI dRSTi se dekhA jAye to jIva (zuddha) ko chor3akara saMsAra kAya (skandha) kI avasthA hai| kI pratyeka vastu pudgala paryAya hai| vI.ni.saM. 2503 Jain Education Interational