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________________ jaina-AcAra meM acelakatva aura sacelakatva kA prazna nimrantha-paramparA meM sacelakatva aura acelakatva kA prazna ati- kiyA hai| zaurasanI Agama-sAhitya meM kasAyapAhuDa hI ekamAtra aisA prAcIna kAla se hI vivAda kA viSaya rahA hai| vartamAna meM jo zvetAmbara grantha hai, jo apekSAkRta prAcIna stara kA hai, kintu durbhAgya se isameM / aura digambara sampradAya haiM, unake bIca bhI vivAda kA pramukha bindu yahI vastra-pAtra sambandhI koI bhI vivaraNa upalabdha nahIM hai| zeSa zaurasenI hai| pahale bhI isI vivAda ke kAraNa uttara bhArata kA nirgrantha saMgha vibhAjita Agama-granthoM meM bhagavatI-ArAdhanA, mUlAcAra aura SakhaNDAgama mUlataH huA thA aura yApanIya sampradAya astitva meM AyA thaa| dUsare zabdoM yApanIya-paramparA ke haiN| sAtha hI guNasthAna-siddhAnta Adi kI paravartI meM isI vivAda ke kAraNa jainoM meM vibhinna sampradAya arthAt zvetAmbara, avadhAraNAoM kI upasthiti ke kAraNa ye grantha bhI vikrama kI chaThI digambara aura yApanIya nirmita hue haiN| yaha samasyA mUlata: muni-AcAra zatI ke pUrva ke nahIM mAne jA sakate haiM, phira bhI prastuta carcA meM se hI sambandhita hai, kyoki gRhastha upAsaka, upAsikAe~ aura sAdhviyA~ inakA upayoga isaliye Avazyaka hai ki acela pakSa ko prastuta karane / to tInoM hI sampradAyoM meM sacela (savastra) hI mAnI gaI haiN| ke liye inake atirikta anya koI prAcIna srota-sAmagrI hameM upalabdha muniyoM ke sambandha meM digambara-paramparA kI mAnyatA yaha hai ki nahIM hai| jahA~ taka kundakunda ke granthoM kA prazna hai, unameM suttapAhuDa mAtra acela (nagra) hI muni pada kA adhikArI hai| jisake pAsa vastra evaM liMgapAhuDa ko chor3akara yaha carcA anyatra kahIM nahIM milatI hai| hai, cAhe vaha la~goTI mAtra hI kyoM na ho, vaha muni nahIM ho sakatA ye grantha bhI chaThI zatI ke pUrva ke nahIM haiN| durbhAgya yaha hai ki acela hai| isake viparIta zvetAmbaroM kA kahanA hai ki muni acela (nagna) paramparA ke pAsa sacelakatva aura acelakatva kI isa paricarcA ke liye aura sacela (savastra) donoM ho sakate haiN| sAtha hI ve yaha bhI mAnate chaThI zatI ke pUrva kI koI bhI sAmagrI upalabdha nahIM hai| yadyapi haiM ki vartamAna kAla kI paristhitiyA~ aisI haiM jisameM muni kA acela digambara-paramparA ina granthoM kA kAla prathama-dvitIya zatAbdI nahIM (nagra) rahanA ucita nahIM hai| ina donoM paramparAoM se bhinna yApanIyoM mAnatI hai| kI mAnyatA yaha hai ki acelatA hI zreSTha mArga hai, kintu ApavAdika jahA~ taka anya paramparAoM ke prAcIna srotoM kA prazna hai, vedoM sthitiyoM meM muni vastra rakha sakatA hai| isa prakAra jahA~ digambara paramparA meM nagna zramaNoM yA vrAtyoM ke ullekha to milate hai, kintu ve spaSTata: ekAnta rUpa se acelakatva ko hI muni-mArga yA mokSa-mArga mAnatI nirgrantha (jaina) paramparA ke haiM, yaha kahanA kaThina hai| yadyapi aneka hindU hai, vahA~ zvetAmbara paramparA vartamAna meM jinakalpa (acela-mArga) kA uccheda purANoM meM nagna jaina zramaNoM ke ullekha haiM, kintu adhikAMza hindU-purANa dikhAkara sacelatA para hI bala detI hai| yApanIya-paramparA kA dRSTikoNa to vikrama kI pA~cavIM-chaThI zatI yA usake bhI bAda ke haiM, ata: unameM ina donoM ativAdiyoM ke madhya samanvaya karatA hai| vaha mAnatI hai ki upalabdha sAkSya adhika mahattva ke nahIM haiN| dUsare unameM savastra aura sAmAnyatayA to muni ko acela yA nA hI rahanA cAhiye, kyoMki nirvastra donoM prakAra ke jaina muniyoM ke ullekha mila jAte haiM, ata: vastra bhI parigraha hI hai, kintu ApavAdika sthitiyoM meM saMyamopakaraNa unheM isa paricarcA kA AdhAra nahIM banAyA jA sakatA hai| ke rUpa meM vastra rakhA jA sakatA hai| usakI dRSTi meM acelakatva (nagnatva) isa dRSTi se pAlitripiTaka ke ullekha adhika mahattvapUrNa haiM aura utsarga-mArga hai aura sacelakatva apavAda-mArga hai| kisI sImA taka satya ke nikaTa bhI pratIta hote haiN| isa paricarcA prastuta paricarcA meM sarvaprathama hama isa vivAda ko isake aitihAsika ke hetu jo AdhArabhUta prAmANika sAmagrI hameM upalabdha hotI hai, vaha pariprekSya meM dekhane kA prayatna kareMge ki yaha vivAda kyoM, kaise aura hai mathurA se upalabdha prAcIna jaina mUrtiyA~ aura unake abhilekh| prathama kina paristhitiyoM meM utpanna huA? to yaha saba sAmagrI IsA kI prathama-dvitIya zatAbdI kI hai| dUsare isameM kisI bhI prakAra ke prakSepa Adi kI sambhAvanA bhI nahIM hai| ata: yaha prastuta adhyayana kI srota-sAmagrI prAcIna bhI hai aura prAmANika bhI kyoki isakI puSTi anya sAhityika isa prazna para aitihAsika dRSTi se vicAra karane hetu hamAre pAsa srotoM se bhI ho jAtI hai| ata: isa paricarcA meM hamane sarvAdhika upayoga jo prAcIna srota-sAmagrI upalabdha hai, usameM prAcIna stara ke ardhamAgadhI isI sAmagrI kA kiyA hai| Agama, pAlitripiTaka aura mathurA se prApta prAcIna jina-pratimAoM kI pAda-pITha para aMkita muni-pratimAe~ hI mukhya haiN| zvetAmbara-paramparA dvArA mahAvIra ke pUrva nirdhanya-saMgha meM vasa kI sthiti mAnya ardhamAgadhI AgamoM meM AcArAMga, sUtrakRtAMga, uttarAdhyayana aura jaina-anuzruti ke anusAra isa avasarpiNI kAla meM bhagavAn mahAvIra dazavakAlika hI aise grantha haiM jinheM isa carcA kA AdhAra banAyA jA se pUrva teIsa tIrthaGkara ho cuke the| ataH prathama vivecya bindu to yahI sakatA hai, kyoMki prathama to ye prAcIna (I0pU0 ke) haiM aura dUsare hai ki acelatA ke sambandha meM ina pUrvavartI tIrthaGkaroM kI kyA mAnyatAe~ inameM hameM sampradAyAtIta dRSTikoNa upalabdha hotA hai| aneka pAzcAtya thIM? yadyapi sampradAya-bheda sthira ho jAne ke pazcAt nirmita granthoM meM vidvAnoM ne bhI inakI prAcInatA evaM sampradAya-nirapekSatA ko svIkAra jahA~ digambara-grantha eka mata se yaha udghoSa karate haiM ki sabhI jina
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________________ - yatIndrasUri smArakagrantha - jaina darzana - acela hokara hI dIkSita hote hai, vahA~ zvetAmbara-grantha yaha kahate haiM unase bhI isa tathya kI hI puSTi hotI hai ki nagna evaM malina vastra ki sabhI jina eka devadUSya vastra lekara hI dIkSita hote haiN| merI dRSTi dhAraNa karane vAle zramaNoM/yogiyoM/vrAtyoM kI eka paramparA prAcIna bhArata meM ye donoM hI dRSTikoNa sAmpradAyika abhiniveza se yukta haiN| zvetAmbara meM astitva rakhatI thii| usa paramparA ke agra-puruSa ke rUpa meM RSabha aura yApanIya paramparA ke apekSAkRta prAcIna stara ke granthoM meM spaSTa yA ziva ko mAnA jA sakatA hai| kintu yaha bhI dhyAtavya hai ki ina rUpa se yaha ullekha milatA hai ki prathama tIrthaGkara RSabhadeva aura antima sIloM meM usa yogI ko mukuTa aura AbhUSaNoM se yukta darzAyA gayA tIrthakara mahAvIra kI AcAra-vyavasthA madhyavartI bAIsa tIrthaGkaroM kI hai jisase usake nagna nirgrantha muni hone ke sambandha meM bAdhA AtI AcAra-vyavasthA se bhinna thii| yApanIya-grantha mUlAcAra pratikramaNa Adi hai| ye aMkana zvetAmbara tIrthaGkara mUrtiyoM se AMzika sAmyatA rakhate ke sandarbha meM unakI isa bhinnatA kA to ullekha karatA hai kintu madhyavartI haiM, kyoMki ve apanI mUrtiyoM ko AbhUSaNa pahanAte haiN| tIrthaGkara sacela dharma ke pratipAdaka the, yaha nahIM kahatA hai| jabaki zvetAmbaraAgama uttarAdhyayana meM spaSTa rUpa se yaha bhI ullekha hai ki antima RSabha kA acela dharma tIrthakara mahAvIra ne acela dharma kA pratipAdana kiyA, jabaki teIsaveM prAcIna stara ke ardhamAgadhI-Agama uttarAdhyayana meM RSabha ke nAma tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha ne sacela dharma kA pratipAdana kiyA thaa| yahA~ yaha kA ullekha mAtra hai, unake jIvana ke sandarbha meM koI vivaraNa nahIM bhI jJAtavya hai ki bRhatkalpabhASya meM prathama aura antima tIrthaGkara ko hai| isase apekSAkRta paravartI kalpasUtra evaM jambUdvIpa prajJapti meM hI acela dharma aura madhyavartI bAIsa tIrthaGkaroM ko sacela-acela dharma kA sarvaprathama unakA jIvanavRtta milatA hai, phira bhI inameM unakI sAdhanA pratipAdaka kahA gayA hai| yadyapi uttarAdhyayana spaSTatayA pArzva ke dharma evaM AcAra-vyavasthA kA koI vizeSa vivaraNa nahIM hai| paravartI zvetAmbara, ko 'sacela' athavA sAntarottara (saMtaruttara) hI kahatA hai, sacela-acela digambara-granthoM meM aura unake atirikta hindU purANoM tathA vizeSarUpa nhiiN| 'madhyavartI tIrthaGkaroM ke zAsana meM bhI acela muni hote the', se bhAgavata meM RSabhadeva ke dvArA acelakatva ke AcaraNa ke jo ullekha bRhatkalpabhASya kI yaha svIkArokti usakI sampradAya-nirapekSatA kI hI milate haiM, una sabake AdhAra para yaha vizvAsa kiyA jA sakatA hai ki sUcaka hai| yadyapi digambara aura yApanIya paramparA zvetAmbara mAnya AgamoM RSabhadeva acela-paramparA ke poSaka rahe hoNge| RSabha acela-dharma ke evaM Agamika vyAkhyAoM ke ina kathanoM ko mAnya nahIM karatI haiM, kintu pravartaka the, yaha mAnane meM sacela zvetAmbara-paramparA ko bhI koI Apatti hameM zvetAmbara AgamoM ke ina kathanoM meM satyatA parilakSita hotI hai, nahIM hai kyoki usakI bhI mAnyatA yahI hai ki RSabha aura mahAvIra kyoMki anya aitihAsika srotoM se bhI ina kathanoM kI bahuta kucha puSTi donoM hI acela-dharma ke sampoSaka the| 12 / ho jAtI hai| ___RSabha ke pazcAt aura ariSTanemi ke pUrva madhya ke 20 tIrthaGkaroM yahA~ hamArA uddezya sampradAyagata mAnyatAoM se Upara uThakara mAtra ke jIvanavRtta evaM AcAra-vicAra ke sambandha meM chaThI zatI ke pUrva arthAt prAcIna aitihAsika sAkSyoM ke AdhAra para hI isa samasyA para vicAra sampradAyoM ke sthirIkaraNa ke pUrva kI koI bhI sAmagrI upalabdha nahIM karanA hai| ata: isa paricarcA meM hama paravartI arthAt sAmpradAyika hai| ardhamAgadhI AgamoM meM mAtra samavAyAMga meM aura zaurasenI ke mAnyatAoM ke dRr3hIbhUta hone ke bAda ke granthoM ko AdhAra nahIM banA Agama-tulya grantha tiloyapaNNatti meM unake nAma, mAtA-pitA, janma-maraNa Adi sambandhI chiTapuTa sUcanAe~ haiM, jo prastuta carcA kI dRSTi se upayogI mahAvIra se pUrvavartI tIrthaGkaroM meM mAtra RSabha, ariSTanemi aura pArzva nahIM haiN| ke kathAnaka hI aise haiM, jo aitihAsika mahattva ke haiN| yadyapi inameM isa prakAra madhyavartI bAIsaveM ariSTanemi evaM teIsaveM pArzva hI bhI RSabha aura ariSTanemi ke kathAnaka prAgaitihAsika kAla ke haiN| vedoM aise haiM jinase sambandhita sUcanAe~ uttarAdhyayana ke kramaza: bAIsaveM evaM se bhI hameM inake sambandha meM koI vizeSa jAnakArI (nAmollekha ke teIsaveM adhyayana meM milatI haiM, kintu unameM bhI bAIsaveM adhyayana meM atirikta) nahIM milatI hai| vedoM meM bhI ye nAma kisa sandarbha meM prayukta ariSTanemi kI AcAra-vyavasthA kA aura vizeSa rUpa se vastra-grahaNa hue haiM, aura kisake vAcaka haiM, yaha tathya Aja bhI vivAdAspada hI sambandhI paramparA kA koI spaSTa ullekha nahIM hai| uttarAdhyayana ke bAIsaveM hai| ina donoM ke jIvanavRtta ke sambandha meM jena eva jainetara srotoM se adhyayana meM rAjImati ke dvArA guphA meM varSA ke kAraNa bhIgA huA apanA bhI jo sAmagrI upalabdha hotI hai vaha IsA kI prathama zatI ke pUrva kI vastra sukhAne kA ullekha hone se kevala eka hI tathya kI puSTi hotI nahIM hai| hai ki ariSTanemi kI paramparA meM sAdhviyA~ savastra hotI thiiN| usa vedoM evaM brAhmaNa-granthoM meM vrAtyoM evaM vAtarazanA muniyoM ke jo guphA meM sAdhanA meM sthita rathanemi savastra the yA nirvastra, aisA koI ullekha haiM, unase itanA to avazya phalita hotA hai ki prAgaitihAsika spaSTa saMketa isameM nahIM hai| ata: vastra-sambandhI vivAda meM kevala pArzva kAla meM nagna athavA malina evaM jIrNavastra dhAraNa karane vAle zramaNoM evaM mahAvIra ina do aitihAsika kAla ke tIrthaGkaroM ke sambandha meM hI kI eka paramparA avazya thii| sindhughATI-sabhyatA kI mohana-jodar3o jo kucha sAkSya upalabdha hote haiM, unake AdhAra para hI carcA kI jA evaM har3appA se jo nagna yogiyoM ke aMkana vAlI sIleM prApta huI haiM sakatI hai|
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________________ pArzva kA sacala-dharma pArzva ke sambandha meM jo sUcanAe~ hameM upalabdha haiM unameM bhI prAcInatA kI dRSTi se RSibhASita (lagabhaga I0pU0 cauthI pA~cavIM zatI) sUtrakRtAMga (lagabhaga tIsarI cauthI zatI), uttarAdhyayana ( I0pU0 dUsarI zatI), AcArAMga dvitIya zrutaskandha (I0pU0 dUsarI zatI) evaM bhagavatI ( I0pU0 dUsarI zatI se lekara IsA kI dUsarI zatI taka) ke ullekha mahattvapUrNa haiN| inameM bhI RSibhASita aura sUtrakRtAMga meM pArtha kI vastra sambandhI mAnyatAoM kI spaSTa jAnakArI prApta nahIM hotii| uttarAdhyayana kA teIsavA~ adhyayana hI ekamAtra aisA AdhAra hai, jisameM mahAvIra ke dharma ko acela evaM pArzva ke dharma ko sacela yA saMttaruttara kahA gayA hai| 14 isase yaha spaSTa hai ki vastra ke sambandha meM mahAvIra aura pArzva kI paramparAe~ bhinna thiiN| uttarAdhyayana kI prAcInatA nirvivAda hai aura usake kathana ko aprAmANika nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| punaH niyukti, bhASya Adi paravartI Agamika vyAkhyAoM se bhI isI tathya kI puSTi hotI hai, ataH isa kathana kI satyatA meM sandeha karane kA koI sthAna zeSa nahIM rahatA hai| kintu pArzva kI paramparA ke dvArA mAnya 'sAMtaruttara' zabda kA kyA artha hai-- yaha vicAraNIya hai| sAMtaruttara zabda kA artha paravartI zvetAmbara AcAryoM ne viziSTa, raMgIna evaM bahumUlya vastra kiyA hai| uttarAdhyayana kI TIkA meM nemicandra likhate haiM-- sAntara arthAt vardhamAna svAmI kI apekSA parimANa aura varNa meM viziSTa tathA uttara arthAt mahAmUlyavAn hone se pradhAna aise vastra jisa paramparA meM dhAraNa kiye jAyeM vaha dharma sAntarotara hai| kintu sAntarottara (saMtaruttara) zabda kA yaha artha samucita nahIM hai| vastutaH jaba zvetAmbara AcArya acela kA artha kutsitacela yA alpavela karane lage" to yaha svAbhAvika thA ki sAntarottara kA artha viziSTa, mahAmUlyavAn raMgIna vastra kiyA jAe, tAki acela ke paravartI artha meM aura saMtaruttara ke artha meM kisI prakAra se saMgati sthApita kI jA ske| kintu saMtaruttara kA yaha artha zAbdika vyutpatti kI dRSTi se ucita nahIM hai isase ina TIkAkAroM kI apanI sAmpradAyika mAnasikatA hI prakaTa hotI hai| saMtaruttara ke vAstavika artha ko AcArya zIlAMka ne apanI AcArAMga TIkA meM spaSTa karane kA prayatna kiyA hai| 17 jJAtavya hai ki saMtaruttara zabda uttarAdhyayana ke atirikta AcArAMga ke prathama zrutaskandha meM bhI AyA hai|" AcArAMga meM isa zabda kA prayoga una nirgrantha muniyoM ke sandarbha meM huA hai, jo do vastra rakhate the| usameM tIna vastra rakhane vAle muniyoM ke liye kahA gayA hai ki hemanta ke bIta jAne para evaM prISma Rtu ke A jAne para yadi kisI bhikSu ke vastra jIrNa ho gaye hoM to vaha unheM sthApita kara de arthAt chor3a de aura sAMtarottara athavA alpacela (omacela) athavA ekazATaka athavA acelaka ho jaaye|" yahA~ saMtaruttara kI TIkA karate hue zIlAMka kahate hai ki antara- sahita hai uttarIya (or3hanA) jisakA arthAt jo vastra ko AvazyakatA hone para kabhI or3ha letA hai aura kabhI pAsa meM rakha letA hai| " 15 " yatIndrasUri smArakagrantha jaina darzana - paM0 kailAzacandrajI ne saMtaruttara kI zIlAMka kI uparyukta vyAkhyA se yaha pratiphalita karanA cAhA hai ki pArzva kI paramparA ke sAdhu rahate - to nagna hI the, kintu pAsa meM vastra rakhate the, jise AvazyakatA hone para or3ha lete the / 29 kintu paNDitajI kI yaha vyAkhyA yuktisaMgata nahIM hai kyoMki saMtaruttara se nagnatA kisI bhI prakAra phalita nahIM hotI hai| vastutaH saMtaruttara zabda kA prayoga AcArAMga meM tIna vastra rakhane vAle sAdhuoM ke sandarbha meM huA hai aura unheM yaha nirdeza diyA gayA hai ki grISma Rtu ke Ane para ve eka jIrNa-vastra ko chor3akara saMtaruttara arthAt do vastra dhAraNa karane vAle ho jaayeN| ataH saMtaruttara hone kA artha antaravAsaka aura uttarIya aise do vastra rakhanA hai / antaravastra Ajakala kA aMDaraviyara arthAt guhyAMga ko Dhakane vAlA vastra hai| uttarIya zarIra ke Upara ke bhAga ko Dhakane vAlA vastra hai| 'saMtaruttara' kI zIlAMka kI yaha vyAkhyA bhI hameM yahI batAtI hai ki uttarIya kabhI or3ha liyA jAtA thA aura kabhI pAsa meM rakha liyA jAtA thA, kyoMki garmI meM sadaiva uttarIya or3hA nahIM jAtA thaa| ataH saMtaruttara kA artha kabhI sacela ho jAnA aura kabhI vastra ko pAsa meM rakhakara acela ho jAnA nahIM hai| yadi saMtaruttara hone kA artha kabhI savela aura kabhI acela (nagna) honA hotA to phira alpacela aura ekazATaka hone kI carcA isI prasaMga meM nahIM kI jAtI tIna vastradhArI sAdhu eka jIrNa vastra kA tyAga karane para sAMtaruttara hotA hai| eka jIrNa vastra kA tyAga aura dUsare jIrNa vastra ke jIrNa bhAga ko nikAlakara alpa AkAra kA banAkara rakhane para alpacela, donoM jIrNa vastroM kA tyAga karane para ekazATaka athavA omavela aura tInoM vastroM kA tyAga karane para acela hotA hai| vastutaH Aja bhI digambara- paramparA kA kSullaka sAntarottara hai aura ailaka ekazATaka tathA muni nagna (acela) hotA hai| ataH pArzva kI sacela sAntarotatara paramparA meM muni do vastra rakhate the-- adhovastra aura uttarIya / uttarIya AvazyakatAnusAra zItakAla Adi meM or3ha liyA jAtA thA aura grISmakAla meM alaga rakha diyA jAtA thaa| AcArAMga ke naveM upadhAnazruta nAmaka adhyAya meM mahAvIra kA jIvanavRtta varNita hai| aitihAsika dRSTi se mahAvIra kI jIvana-gAthA ke sambandha meM isase prAcIna evaM prAmANika anya koI sandarbha hameM upalabdha nahIM hai| AcArAMga dvitIya zrutaskandha, kalpasUtra, bhagavatI aura bAda ke sabhI mahAvIra ke jIvana cAritra sambandhI grantha isase paravartI hai aura unameM mahAvIra ke jIvana ke sAtha jur3I alaukikatAe~ yahI siddha karatI haiM ki ve mahAvIra kI jIvana-gAthA kA atiraMjita citra hI upasthita karate haiN| isaliye mahAvIra ke jIvana ke sambandha meM jo bhI tathya hameM upalabdha haiM, ve prAmANika rUpa meM AcArAMga ke prathama zrutaskandha ke isI upadhAnazruta meM upalabdha hai| isameM mahAvIra ke dIkSita hone kA jo vivaraNa hai usase yaha jJAta hotA hai ki ve eka vastra lekara dIkSita hue the aura lagabhaga eka varSa se kucha adhika samaya ke pazcAt unhoMne usa vastra kA bhI parityAga kara diyA aura pUrNataH acela ho gaye / 22 mahAvIra ke jIvana kI yaha ghaTanA hI vastra ke sambandha meM sampUrNa jainaparamparA ke dRSTikoNa ko spaSTa kara detI hai| isakA tAtparya itanA hI hai ki mahAvIra ne apanI sAdhanA kA prArambha sacelatA se kiyA, kintu kucha hI samaya pazcAt unhoMne pUrNa acelatA ko hI apanA Adarza 14]
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________________ - yatIndrasUri smArakagrantha - jaina darzana -- paravartI Agama-granthoM meM evaM unakI vyAkhyAoM meM mahAvIra ke eka ko 'anudharma' kahA gayA hai, arthAt yaha paramparA kA anupAlana mAtra varSa pazcAt vastra-tyAga karane ke sandarbha meM aneka pravAda yA mAnyatAyeM thaa| ho sakatA hai ki unhoMne mAtra apanI kula-paramparA arthAt pApityapracalita haiN| yApanIya grantha bhagavatI-ArAdhanA aura zvetAmbara Agamika paramparA kA anusaraNa kiyA ho| zvetAmbara AcArya usakI vyAkhyA meM vyAkhyAoM meM ina pravAdoM yA mAnyatAoM kA ullekha hai| 23 yahA~ hama indra dvArA pradatta devadUSya vastra grahaNa karane kI bAta kahate haiN| yaha mAtra una pravAdoM meM na jAkara kevala itanA hI batA denA paryApta samajhate ___paramparAgata vizvAsa hai, isa sambandha meM koI prAcIna ullekha nahIM hai| haiM ki prArambha meM mahAvIra ne vastra liyA thA aura bAda meM vastra kA parityAga AcArAMga ke prathama zrutaskandha kA upadhAnazruta mAtra vastra-grahaNa kI bAta kara diyaa| vaha vastra-tyAga kisa rUpa meM huA yaha adhika mahattvapUrNa kahatA hai| vaha vastra indra dvArA pradatta devaSya thA, aisA ullekha nahIM nahIM hai| krtaa| merI dRSTi meM isa 'anudharma' meM 'anu' zabda kA artha vahI hai yadi hama mahAvIra kI samakAlIna anya zramaNa-paramparAoM kI jo aNuvrata meM 'aNu' zabda kA hai arthAt AMzika nyaasg| vastutaH vastra-grahaNa sambandhI avadhAraNAoM para vicAra kareM to hameM jJAta hotA mahAvIra kA lakSya to pUrNa acelatA kA thA, kintu prArambha meM unhoMne hai ki usa yuga meM savastra aura nirvastra donoM prakAra kI zramaNa-paramparAe~ vastra kA AMzika tyAga hI kiyA thaa| jaba eka varSa kI sAdhanA se pracalita thiiN| unameM se pArzva ke sambandha meM uttarAdhyayana aura usake unheM yaha dRr3ha vizvAsa ho gayA ki ve apanI kAma-vAsanA para pUrNa paravartI sAhitya meM jo kucha sUcanAe~ upalabdha haiM, una sabase eka mata / vijaya prApta kara cuke haiM aura do zItakAloM ke vyatIta ho jAne se se pArzva kI paramparA, savastra paramparA siddha hotI hai| svayaM uttarAdhyayana unheM yaha anubhava ho gayA ki unakA zarIra usa zIta ko sahane meM kA teIsavA~ adhyayana isa bAta kA sAkSI hai ki pArzva kI paramparA sacela pUrNa samartha hai, to unhoMne vastra kA pUrNa tyAga kara diyaa|24 jJAtavya paramparA thii| isI prakAra bauddha paramparA bhI sacela thii| dUsarI ora AjIvaka hai ki mahAvIra ne dIkSita hote samaya mAtra sAmAyika cAritra hI liyA sampradAya pUrNata: acelatA kA pratipAdaka thaa| yaha sambhava hai ki mahAvIra thA, mahAvratoM kA grahaNa nahIM kiyA thaa| zvetAmbara-AgamoM kA kathana ne apane vaMzAnugata pArthApatyIya paramparA ke prabhAva se eka vastra grahaNa hai ki sabhI tIrthaGkara eka devadUSya lekara sAmAyika cAritra kI pratijJA karake apanI sAdhanA-yAtrA prArambha kI ho| kalpasUtra meM unake dIkSita se hI dIkSita hote haiN|25 yaha isI tathya ko puSTa karatA hai ki sAmAyika hote samaya AbhUSaNa-tyAga kA ullekha hai vastra-tyAga kA nhiiN| yahA~ cAritra se dIkSita hote samaya eka vastra grahaNa karane kI paramparA rahI yaha bhI jJAtavya hai ki mahAvIra uttara-bihAra ke vaizAlI janapada meM zIta hogii| Rtu ke prathama mAsa (mArgazIrSa) meM dIkSita hue the| usa kSetra kI bhayaMkara niSkarSa yaha hai ki mahAvIra kI sAdhanA kA prArambha sacelatA se sardI ko dhyAna meM rakhakara parivAra ke logoM ke ati Agraha ke kAraNa huA kintu usakI pariniSpatti acelatA meM huii| mahAvIra kI dRSTi meM sambhavataH mahAvIra ne dIkSita hote samaya eka vastra svIkAra kiyA ho| sacelatA aNudharma thA aura acelatA mukhya dharma thaa| mahAvIra dvArA merI dRSTi meM isameM bhI pArivArika Agraha hI pramukha kAraNa rahA hogaa| vastra-grahaNa karane meM unake kuladharma arthAt pArthApatya-paramparA kA prabhAva mahAvIra ne sadaiva hI parivAra ke variSThajanoM ko sammAna diyA thaa| yahI ho sakatA hai kintu pUrNa acelatA kA nirNaya yA to unakA svataHsphUrta kAraNa rahA ki mAtA-pitA ke jIvita rahate unhoMne pravrajyA nahIM lii| thA yA phira AjIvaka-paramparA kA prbhaav| yaha satya hai ki mahAvIra punaH bar3e bhAI ke Agraha se do varSa aura gRhasthAvasthA meM rhe| sambhavataH pArthApatya paramparA se prabhAvita rahe haiM aura unhoMne pArthApatya-paramparA zIta Rtu meM dIkSita hote samaya bhAI yA parijanoM ke Agraha se unhoMne ke dArzanika siddhAntoM ko grahaNa bhI kiyA hai, kintu vaicArika dRSTi vaha eka vastra liyA ho| sambhava hai ki vidAI kI usa belA meM parijanoM se pArthApatyoM ke nikaTa hote hue bhI AcAra kI dRSTi se ve unase ke isa choTe se Agraha ko ThukarAnA unheM ucita na lagA ho| kintu santuSTa nahIM the| pArthApatyoM ke zithilAcAra ke ullekha aura usakI usake bAda unhoMne kaThora sAdhanA kA nirNaya lekara usa vastra kA upayoga samAlocanA jainadharma kI sacela aura acela donoM paramparAoM ke sAhitya zarIrAdi Dhakane ke liye nahIM karU~gA, aisA nizcaya kiyA aura dUsare meM milatI hai|26 yahI kAraNa thA ki mahAvIra ne pArthApatyoM kI varSa ke zItakAla kI samApti para unhoMne usa vastra kA bhI parityAga AcAra-vyavasthA meM vyApaka sudhAra kiye| sambhava hai ki acelatA ke kara diyaa| AcArAMga se ina sabhI tathyoM kI puSTi hotI hai| usake sambandha meM ve AjIvakoM se prabhAvita hue ho| harmana jaikobI Adi pazcAt ve AjIvana acela hI rahe, isa tathya ko svIkAra karane meM pAzcAtya vidvAnoM ne bhI isa sandarbha meM mahAvIra para AjIvakoM ke prabhAva zvetAmbara, yApanIya aura digambara tInoM meM se kisI ko bhI koI vipratipatti hone kI sambhAvanA ko svIkAra kiyA hai| nahIM hai| tInoM hI paramparAe~ eka mata se yaha svIkAra karatI haiM ki hamAre kucha digambara vidvAn yaha mata rakhate haiM ki mahAkara kI mahAvIra acela dharma ke hI pratipAlaka aura pravaktA the| mahAvIra kA acelatA se prabhAvita hokara AjIvakoM ne acelatA (nagnatA) ko svIkAra sacela dIkSita honA bhI svaicchika nahIM thA, vastra unhoMne liyA nahIM, kiyA, kintu yaha unakI bhrAnti hai aura aitihAsika dRSTi se satya bhI apitu unake kandhe para DAla diyA gayA thaa| yApanIya-AcArya nahIM hai| cAhe gozAlaka mahAvIra ke ziSya ke rUpa meM unake sAtha lagabhaga aparAjitasUri ne isa pravAda kA ullekha kiyA hai- ve kahate haiM ki cha: varSa taka rahA ho, kintu na to gozAlaka se prabhAvita hokara mahAvIra yaha to upasarga huA, siddhAnta nhiiN| AcArAMga meM unake vastra-grahaNa nagna hue aura na mahAvIra kI nagnatA kA prabhAva gozAlaka ke mAdhyama
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________________ se AjIvakoM para hI par3A, kyoMki gozAlaka mahAvIra ke pAsa unake dUsare nAlandA cAturmAsa ke madhya pahu~cA thA, jabaki mahAvIra usake ATha mAsa pUrva hI acela ho cuke the dUsare yaha ki AjIvakoM kI paramparA gozAlaka ke pUrva bhI astitva meM thI, gozAlaka AjIvaka paramparA kA pravartaka nahIM thaa| na kevala bhagavatIsUtra meM, apitu pAlitripaTaka meM bhI gozAlaka ke pUrva hue AjIvaka sampradAya ke AcAryoM ke ullekha upalabdha hote haiN| yadi AjIvaka sampradAya mahAvIra ke pUrva astitva meM thA to isa sambhAvanA se inkAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai ki usakI acelatA Adi kucha AcAra-paramparAoM ne mahAvIra ko prabhAvita kiyA ho| ataH pArzvApatya paramparA ke prabhAva se mahAvIra ke dvArA vastra kA grahaNa karanA aura AjIvaka paramparA ke prabhAva se vastra kA parityAga karanA mAtra kAlpanika nahIM kahA jA sktaa| usake pIche aitihAsika evaM manovaijJAnika AdhAra hai mahAvIra kA darzana pArthApatyoM se aura AcAra AjIvakoM se prabhAvita rahA hai| jahA~ taka mahAvIra kI ziSya paramparA kA prazna hai yadi gozAlAka ko mahAvIra kA ziSya mAnA jAe, to vaha acela rUpa meM hI mahAvIra ke pAsa AyA thA aura acela hI rahA jahA~ taka gautama Adi gaNadharoM aura mahAvIra ke anya prArambhika ziSyoM kA prazna hai mujhe aisA lagatA hai ki unhoMne jinakalpa arthAt bhagavAn mahAvIra kI acalatA ko hI svIkAra kiyA hogA, kyoMki yadi gaNadhara gautama sacela hote yA saceta paramparA ke poSaka hote to zrAvastI meM huI paricarcA meM kezI unase sacalatA aura acelatA ke sambandha meM koI prazna hI nahIM krte| ataH zrAvastI meM huI isa paricarcA ke pUrva mahAvIra kA muni saMgha pUrNataH acela hI rahA hogaa| usameM vastra kA praveza kramazaH kinhIM vizeSa paristhitiyoM ke AdhAra para hI huA hogaa| mahAvIra ke saMgha meM sacelatA ke praveza ke nimnalikhita kAraNa sambhAvita hai + yatIndrasUri smArakagrantha jaina darzana - 1. sarvaprathama jaba mahAvIra ke saMgha meM striyoM ko pravrajyA pradAna kI gaI to unheM savastra hI dIkSita kiyA gayA kyoMki loka lajjA, mAsika dharma Adi zArIrika kAraNoM se unheM nagna rUpa meM dIkSita kiyA jAnA ucita nahIM thaa| acelatA kI sampoSaka digambara- paramparA bhI isa tathya ko svIkAra karatI hai ki mahAvIra ke saMgha meM AryikAe~ savasva hI hotI thIM jaba eka bAra ArthikAoM ke saMdarbha meM vizeSa paristhiti meM vastra grahaNa kI svIkRti dI gaI to isane muni saMgha meM bhI ApavAdika paristhiti meM jaise bhagandara Adi roga hone para vastra grahaNa kA dvAra udghATita kara diyaa| sAmAnyatayA to vastra parigraha hI thA kintu striyoM ke liye aura apavAdamArga meM muniyoM ke liye use saMyamopakaraNa mAna liyA gyaa| 2. punaH jaba mahAvIra ke saMgha meM yuvA dIkSita hone lage hoMge to mahAvIra ko unheM bhI savaskha rahane kI anumati denI par3I hogI, kyoMki unake jIvana meM liMgotthAna aura vIryapAta kI ghaTanAe~ sambhava thii| ye aisI sAmAnya manodehika ghaTanAe~ haiM jinase yuvA muni kA pUrNataH baca pAnA asambhava hai| manodaihika dRSTi se yuvAvasthA meM cAhe kAmavAsanA para niyantraNa rakhA jA sakatA ho kintu ukta sthitiyoM kA pUrNa nirmUlana sambhava nahIM hotA hai| nirmanya saMgha meM yuvA muniyoM meM ye ghaTanAeM ghaTita hotI thIM, aise Agamika ullekha hai yadi ye ghaTanAe~ araNya meM ghaTita hoM, to utanI cintanIya nahIM thIM kintu bhikSA, pravacana Adi ke samaya striyoM kI upasthiti meM ina ghaTanAoM kA ghaTita honA na kevala usa muni kI cAritrika pratiSThA ke liye ghAtaka thA, balki sampUrNa nirmantha muni saMgha kI pratiSThA para eka prazna cihna khar3A karatA thaa| ataH yaha Avazyaka samajhA gayA ki jaba taka vAsanA pUrNataH mara na jAya, taba taka aise yuvA muni ke liye nagna rahane yA jinakalpa dhAraNa karane kI anumati na dI jAya zvetAmbara mAnya Agamika vyAkhyAoM meM to yaha spaSTa nirdeza hai ki 30 varSa kI vaya ke pUrva jinakalpa dhAraNa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai satya to yaha hai ki nirmantha saMgha meM sacela aura acela aise do varga sthApita ho jAne para yaha vyavasthA dI gaI ki yuvA muniyoM ko chedopasthApanIya cAritra na diyA jAkara mAtra sAmAyika cAritra diyA jAya, kyoMki jaba taka vyakti sampUrNa parigraha tyAga karake acela nahIM ho jAtA, taba taka use chedopasthApanIya cAritra nahIM diyA jA sakatA hai| jJAtavya hai ki mahAvIra ne hI sarvaprathama sAmAyika cAritra evaM chedopasthApanIya cAritra (mahAvratAropaNa) aise do prakAra ke cAritroM kI vyavasthA kI jo Aja bhI zvetAmbara- paramparA meM choTI dIkSA aura bar3I dIkSA ke nAma se pracalita haiN| yuvA muniyoM ke liye 'kSullaka' zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA aura usake AcAra-vyavahAra ke hetu kucha viziSTa niyama banAye gaye, jo Aja bhI uttarAdhyayana aura dazavaikAlika ke kSullakAdhyayanoM meM upasthita haiN| mahAvIra ne chedopasthApanIya cAritra kI vyavasthA una praur3ha muniyoM ke liye kI, jo apanI vAsanAoM para pUrNa niyantraNa prApta kara cuke the aura acela rahane meM samartha the| 'chedopasthApanA' zabda kA tAtparya bhI yahI hai ki pUrva dIkSA paryAya ko samApta (cheda) kara navIna dIkSA (upasthApana) denaa| Aja bhI zvetAmbara paramparA meM chedopasthApanA ke samaya hI mahAvratAropaNa karAyA jAtA hai aura tabhI dIkSita vyakti kI saMgha meM krama-sthiti arthAt jyeSThatA / kaniSThatA nirdhArita hotI hai aura use saMgha kA sadasya mAnA jAtA hai| sAmAyika cAritra grahaNa karane vAlA muni saMgha meM rahate hue bhI usakA sadasya nahIM mAnA jAtA hai| isa carcA se yaha phalita hotA hai ki nirgrantha muni saMgha meM sacela (kSullaka) aura acela (muni) aise do prakAra ke vargoM kA nirdhAraNa mahAvIra ne yA to apane jIvana kAla meM hI kara diyA hogA yA unake parinirvANa ke kucha samaya pazcAt kara diyA gayA hogaa| Aja bhI digambara- paramparA meM sAdhaka kI kSullaka (do vastradhArI), ailaka (eka vastradhArI) aura muni (acela) aisI tIna vyavasthAe~ haiN| ataH prAcInakAla meM bhI aisI vyavasthA rahI hogI, isase inkAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| jJAtavya hai ki ina sabhI sandarbhoM meM vastra grahaNa kA kAraNa loka-lajjA yA lokApavAda aura zArIrika sthiti hI thaa| 3. mahAvIra ke nirgrantha saMgha meM vastra ke praveza kA tIsarA kAraNa sampUrNa uttara bhArata, himAlaya ke tarAI kSetra tathA rAjasthAna meM zIta kA tIvra prakopa honA thA mahAvIra ke nirdhanya saMgha meM sthita ve muni jo yA to vRddhAvasthA meM hI dIkSita ho rahe the yA vRddhAvasthA kI ora [ 16 ]
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________________ yatIndrasUri smArakagrantha jaina darzana agrasara ho rahe the, unakA zarIra isa bhayaMkara zIta ke prakopa kA sAmanA karane meM kaThinAI kA anubhava kara rahA thaa| aise sabhI muniyoM ke dvArA yaha bhI sambhava nahIM thA ki ve saMthArA grahaNa kara una zItalaharoM kA sAmanA karate hue apane prANotsarga kara deN| aise muniyoM ke liye apavAda mArga ke rUpa meM zIta-nivAraNa ke liye eka UnI vastra rakhane kI anumati dI gii| ye muni rahate to acela hI the, kintu rAtri meM zIta-nivAraNArtha usa UnI vastra (kambala) kA upayoga kara lete the| yaha vyavasthA sthavira yA vRddha muniyoM ke liye thI aura isaliye ise sthavirakalpa' kA nAma diyA gyaa| mathurA se prApta IsavI san prathama- dvitIya zatI kI jina pratimAoM kI pAda pITha para yA phalakoM para jo muni pratimAe~ aMkita haiM ve nagna hokara bhI kambala aura mukhavastrikA liye hue hai| merI dRSTi meM yaha vyavasthA bhI ApavAdika hI thii| kucha muniyoM ne to mahAvIra kI paramparA meM sammilita hote samaya acelakatva grahaNa kiyA, kintu kucha aise bhI the jinhoMne acelatA ko grahaNa nahIM kiyaa| sambhava hai kucha pArzvApatyoM ko sacela rahane kI anumati dekara sAmAyika cAritra ke sAtha mahAvIra ke saMgha meM sammilita kiyA gayA hogaa| isa prakAra mahAvIra ke jIvanakAla meM yA usake kucha pazcAt nirmantha saMgha meM sacela acela donoM prakAra kI eka milI-julI vyavasthA svIkAra kara lI gayI thI aura pArzva kI paramparA meM pracalita sacelatA ko bhI mAnyatA pradAna kara dI gyii| niSkarSataH yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki mahAvIra ke nirgrantha saMgha meM prArambha meM to muni kI acelatA para hI bala diyA gayA thA, kintu kAlAntara meM loka-lajjA aura zIta parISaha se bacane ke liye ApavAdika rUpa meM vastra grahaNa ko mAnyatA pradAna kara dI gyii| zvetAmbara- mAnya AgamoM aura digambaroM dvArA mAnya yApanIya-granthoM meM ApavAdika sthitiyoM kA bhI ullekha hai, jinameM muni vastra - grahaNa kara sakatA thaa| zvetAmbara paramparA dvArA mAnya sthAnAMgasUtra (3/3/347) meM vastragrahaNa ke nimnalikhita tIna kAraNoM kA ullekha upalabdha hotA hai1. lajjA ke nivAraNa ke liye (liMgotthAna hone para lajjita na honA par3e, isa hetu) / 2. jugupsA (ghRNA) ke nivAraNa ke liye (liMga yA aNDakoSa vidrUpa hone para loga ghRNA na kareM, isa hetu)| 3. parISaha (zIta parISaha) ke nivAraNa ke liye| hama dekhate haiM ki mahAvIra kA jo muni saMgha dakSiNa bhArata yA dakSiNa madhya bhArata meM rahA usameM acelatA surakSita raha sakI, kintu jo muni saMgha uttara evaM pazcimottara bhArata meM rahA usameM zIta- prakopa kI tIvratA kI deza-kAlagata paristhitiyoM ke kAraNa vastra kA praveza ho gyaa| Aja bhI hama dekhate haiM ki jahA~ bhArata ke dakSiNa aura dakSiNa madhya kSetra meM digambara paramparA kA bAhulya hai, vahA~ pazcimottara bhArata meM zvetAmbara paramparA kA bAhulya hai| vastutaH isakA kAraNa jalavAyu hI hai| dakSiNa meM jahA~ zItakAla meM Aja bhI tApamAna 25-30 DigrI selsiyasa se nIce nahIM jAtA, vahA~ nagna rahanA kaThina nahIM hai kintu himAlaya ke tarAI kSetra, pazcimottara bhArata evaM rAjasthAna jahA~ tApamAna zUnya DigrI se bhI nIce calA jAtA hai, vahA~ zItakAla meM acela rahanA kaThina hai / punaH eka yuvA sAdhaka ko zIta sahana karane meM utanI kaThinAI nahIM hotI jitanI ki vRddha tapasvI sAdhaka ko ataH jina kSetroM meM zIta kI adhikatA thI una kSetroM meM vastra kA praveza svAbhAvika hI thA AcArAMga meM hameM aise muniyoM ke ullekha upalabdha haiM jo zItakAla meM sardI se ghara-thara kA~pate the jo loga unake AcAra (arthAt Aga jalAkara zIta nivAraNa karane ke niSedha) se paricita nahIM the, unheM yaha zaMkA bhI hotI thI ki kahIM unakA zarIra kAmAvega meM to nahIM kA~pa rahA hai| yaha jJAta hone para ki inakA zarIra sardI se kA~pa rahA hai. kabhI-kabhI ve zarIra ko tapAne ke liye Aga jalA dene ko kahate the, jisakA una muniyoM ko niSedha karanA hotA thaa| isa prakAra yaha spaSTa hai ki uttara bhArata ke nirgrantha saMgha meM vastra praveza ke liye uttara bhArata kI bhayaMkara sardI bhI eka mukhya kAraNa rahI hai| 4. mahAvIra ke nirmantha-saMgha meM vastra ke praveza kA cauthA kAraNa pArzva kI paramparA ke muniyoM kA mahAvIra kI paramparA meM sammilita honA bhI hai yaha spaSTa hai ki pArzva kI paramparA ke muni saceta hote the| ve adhovastra aura uttarIya donoM hI dhAraNa karate the| hameM sUtrakRtAMga, uttarAdhyayana, bhagavatI, rAjapraznIya Adi meM na kevala pArzva kI paramparA ke muniyoM ke ullekha milate haiM apitu unake dvArA mahAvIra ke saMgha meM punaH dIkSita hone ke sandarbha bhI milate haiN| ina sandarbhoM kA sUkSmatA se vizleSaNa karane para yaha jJAta hotA hai ki pArzva kI paramparA ke [ 97 ] sthAnAMgasUtra meM varNita uparyukta tIna kAraNoM meM prathama do kA samAveza loka-lajjA meM ho jAtA hai, kyoMki juguptA kA nivAraNa bhI eka prakAra se loka-lajjA kA nivAraNa hI hai| donoM meM antara yaha hai ki lajjA kA bhAva svataH meM nihita hotA hai aura ghRNA dUsaroM ke dvArA kI jAtI hai, kintu donoM kA uddezya lokApavAda se bacanA hai| isI prakAra digambara paramparA meM mAnya, kintu mUlataH yApanIyaanya bhagavatI ArAdhanA (76) kI TIkA meM nimnalikhita tIna ApavAdika sthitiyoM meM vastra grahaNa kI svIkRti pradAna kI gayI hai---- 1. jisakA liMga (puruSa cihna) evaM aNDakoSa vidrupa ho| 2. jo mahAn sampattizAlI athavA lajjAlu ho / 3. jisake svajana mithyAdRSTi hoM / yahA~ yaha jJAtavya hai ki prArambha meM nirgrantha saMgha meM muni ke liye vastra grahaNa eka ApavAdika vyavasthA hI thii| utsarga yA zreSTha mArga to acelatA ko hI mAnA gayA thaa| zvetAmbara- paramparA dvArA mAnya AcArAMga, sthAnAMga aura uttarAdhyayana meM na kevala muni kI acelatA ke pratipAdaka sandarbha upalabdha hote haiM apitu acelatA kI prazaMsA bhI upalabdha hotI hai unameM bhI vastra prahaNa kI anumati mAtra loka-lajjA ke nivAraNa aura zIta-nivAraNa ke liye hI hai| AcArAMga meM cAra prakAra ke muniyoM ke ullekha haiM- 1. acela, 2. eka vastradhArI, 3. do vastradhArI, 4. tIna vstrdhaarii| 1. inameM acela to sarvathA nagna rahate the ye jinakalpI bin
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________________ - yatIndrasUri smArakagrantha - jaina darzana kahalAte the| haiM unheM yaha samajha lenA cAhiye ki vastra kA grahaNa eka manodaihika 2. eka vastradhArI bhI do prakAra ke hote the evaM sAmAjika AvazyakatA hai aura usase zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM (a) kucha eka vastradhArI rahate to acela hI the, kintu apane hI paramparAe~ prabhAvita huI haiN| digambara- paramparA meM ailaka aura kSullaka pAsa eka UnI vastra rakhate the, jisakA upayoga nagarAdi meM praveza ke kI vyavasthA to isa AvazyakatA kI sUcaka hai hI, kintu isake sAtha samaya loka-lajjA ke nivAraNa ke liye aura sardiyoM kI rAtriyoM meM hI sAtha unameM jo savastra bhaTTArakoM kI paramparA kA vikAsa huA, usake zIta-nivAraNa ke liye karate the| ye sthavirakalpI kahalAte the| pIche bhI uparokta manodaihika kAraNa aura laukika paristhitiyA~ hI mukhya (ba) kucha eka vastradhArI mAtra adhovastra dhAraNa karate the, jaise rhiiN| kyA kAraNa thA ki acelatA kI samarthaka isa paramparA meM bhI vartamAna meM digambara paramparA ke ailaka dhAraNa karate haiN| ailaka eka- lagabhaga 1000 varSoM taka nagna muniyoM kA abhAva rhaa| Aja digambaracelaka (vastradhArI) kA hI apabhraMza rUpa hai| ise Agama meM ekazATaka paramparA meM zAntisAgarajI se jo nagna muniyoM kI paramparA punaH jIvita kahA gayA hai| huI hai, usakA itihAsa to 100 varSa se adhika kA nahIM hai| lagabhaga 3. do vastradhArI, jinheM sAntarottara bhI kahA gayA hai, eka adhovastra gyArahavIM zatI se unnIsavIM zatI taka digambara muniyoM kA prAya: abhAva va eka uttarIyavastra rakhate the, jaise vartamAna meM kSullaka rakhate haiM- hI rahA hai| adhovastra loka-lajjA hetu aura uttarIya zIta-nivAraNa hetu|| Aja ina donoM paramparAoM meM sacelatA aura acelatA ke prazna 4. tIna vastradhArI sAdhu adhovastra aura uttarIya ke sAtha-sAtha para jo itanA vivAda khar3A kara diyA gayA hai, vaha donoM kI Agamika zIta-nivAraNArtha eka UnI kambala bhI rakhate hoNge| yaha vyavasthA Aja vyavasthAoM aura jIvita paramparAoM ke sandarbha meM ImAnadArI se vicAra ke zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka sAdhuoM meM hai| karane para nagaNya hI raha jAtA hai| hamArA durbhAgya yaha hai ki hama apane AcArAMga spaSTa rUpa se yaha ullekha karatA hai ki vastradhArI muni matAgrahoM se na to Agamika vyavasthAoM ko dekhane kA prayatna karate vastra ke jIrNa hone para evaM grISmakAla ke Agamana para jIrNa vastroM kA hai aura na una kAraNoM kA vicAra karate haiM, jinase kisI AcAra-vyavasthA tyAga karate hue acelatA kI dizA meM Age bddh'e| tIna vastradhArI kramazaH meM parivartana hotA hai| durbhAgya hai ki jahA~ zvetAmbara-paramparA ne jinakalpa apane parigraha ko kama karate hue sAntarottara athavA eka zATaka athavA ke viccheda ke nAma para usa acelatA kA apalApa kiyA, jo usake acela ho ge| hama dekhate haiM ki AcArAMga meM varNita vastra-sambandhI pUrvaja AcAryoM ke dvArA lagabhaga IsA kI dUsarI zatI taka Acarita yaha vyavasthA acelatA kA ati-Agraha rakhane vAlI digambara-paramparA rahI aura jisake sandarbha unake AgamoM meM Aja bhI haiN| vahIM dUsarI meM bhI muni, ailaka aura kSullaka ke rUpa meM Aja bhI pracalita hai| ora digambara-paramparA meM sacela muni hI nahIM hotA hai, yaha kahakara usakA kSullaka AcArAMga kA sAntarottara hai, ailaka ekazATaka tathA na kevala mahAvIra kI mUla-bhUta anekAntika dRSTi kA ullaMghana kiyA muni acela hai| gayA, apitu apane hI AgamoM aura pracalita vyavasthAoM ko nakAra zvetAmbara paramparA meM paravartI kAla meM bhI jo vastra-pAtra kA vikAsa diyA gyaa| hama pUchate haiM ki kyA ailaka aura kSullaka gRhastha haiM aura huA aura vastra-grahaNa ko aparihArya mAnA gayA usake pIche mUla meM yadi aisA mAnA jAya to inake mUla artha kA hI apalApa hogaa| parigraha yA saMcaya vRtti na hokara dezakAlagata paristhitiyA~, saMghIya jIvana yadi hama niSpakSa dRSTi se dekheM to nirgrantha-saMgha meM prAcInakAla kI AvazyakatAe~ evaM saMyama arthAt ahiMsA kI paripAlanA hI pramukha se hI kSullakoM (yuvA-muni) aura sthaviroM (vRddha-muniyoM) ke liye thii| nirgrantha saMgha meM jaba aparigraha mahAvrata ke sthAna para ahiMsA ke vastra-grahaNa kI paramparA mAnya rahI hai| kSullaka loka-lajjA ke liye mahAvrata kI paripAlanA para adhika bala diyA gayA to pratilekhana yA aura sthavira (vRddha) daihika AvazyakatA ke liye vastra-grahaNa karatA picchI se lekara kramaza: aneka upakaraNa bar3ha gye| zvetAmbara-paramparA __hai| 'kSullaka muni nahIM haiM' yaha udghoSa kevala ekAntatA kA sUcaka ke mAnya kucha paravartI AgamoM meM muni ke jina caudaha upakaraNoM kA __ hai| 'kSullaka' zabda apane Apa meM isa bAta kA sUcaka hai ki vaha ullekha milatA hai unameM adhikAMza pAtra-pochana, paTala Adi ke kAraNa prArambhika stara kA muni hai, gRhastha nahIM, kyoki 'kSullaka' kA artha hone vAlI jIva hiMsA se bacane ke liye hI hai| oghaniyukti (691) choTA hotA hai| vaha choTA muni hI ho sakatA hai, gRhastha nhiiN| prAcIna meM spaSTa ullekha hai ki jinendra deva ne SaTkAya jIvoM ke rakSaNa ke AgamoM meM vastradhArI yuvA muni ke liye hI 'kSullaka' zabda kA prayoga liye hI pAtra-grahaNa kI anujJA dI hai| huA hai| AcArAMga tathA anya purAtAttvika sAkSyoM se yaha spaSTa ho __zArIrika sukha-suvidhA aura pradarzana kI dRSTi se jo vastrAdi jAtA hai ki nimrantha-saMgha meM yA to mahAvIra ke jIvanakAla meM yA nirvANa upakaraNoM kA vikAsa huA hai vaha bahuta hI paravartI ghaTanA hai aura ke kucha hI samaya pazcAt sacela-acela muniyoM kI eka milI-julI prAcIna stara ke mAnya AgamoM se samarthita nahIM hai aura muni-AcAra vyavasthA ho gaI thii| yaha bhI sambhava hai ki aisI doharI vyavasthA mAnya kA vikRta rUpa hI hai aura yaha vikAra yati-paramparA ke rUpa meM zvetAmbaroM karane para paraspara AlocanA ke svara bhI mukharita hue hoNge| yahI kAraNa aura bhaTTAraka-paramparA ke rUpa meM digambaroM, donoM meM AyA hai| hai ki AcArAMga meM spaSTa rUpa se yaha nirdeza diyA gayA ki acela kintu jo loga vastra ke sambandha meM AgrahapUrNa dRSTikoNa rakhate muni, ekazATaka, sAntarottara athavA tIna vastradhArI muni paraspara eka wordrowwwindiworionitorionitorinodroid 98]-owdnirmwowinionitorionisirironidroranirdoorband
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________________ yatIndrasUri smArakagrantha jaina darzana dUsare kI nindA na kareM / jJAtavya hai ki saMgha bheda kA kAraNa yaha milI-julI vyavasthA nahIM thI, apitu isameM apanI-apanI zreSThatA kA mithyA ahaMkAra hI Age calakara saMgha-bheda kA kAraNa banA hai| jaba sacelakoM ne acelakoM kI sAdhanA sambandhI viziSTatA ko asvIkAra kiyA aura acelakoM ne sacelaka ko muni mAnane se inkAra kiyA to saMgha bheda honA svAbhAvika hI thaa| aitihAsika satya to yaha hai ki mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke pazcAt - jo nirgrantha muni dakSiNa bihAra, ur3IsA aura Andhra pradeza ke rAste se tamilanADu aura karnATaka meM pahu~ce, ve vahA~ kI jalavAyugata paristhitiyoM ke kAraNa apanI acelatA ko yathAvata kAyama rakha sake, kyoMki vahA~ sardI par3atI hI nahIM hai| yadyapi unameM bhI kSullaka aura ailaka dIkSAe~ hotI rahI hoMgI, kintu acelaka muni ko sarvopari mAnane ke kAraNa unameM koI vivAda nahIM huaa| dakSiNa bhArata meM acela rahanA sambhava thA, isaliye usake prati AdarabhAva banA rhaa| phira bhI lagabhaga pA~cavIM chaThI zatI ke pazcAt vahA~ bhI hindU maThAdhIzoM ke prabhAva se savasva bhaTTArakaM paramparA kA kramika vikAsa huA aura dhIre-dhIre dasavIM gyArahavIM zatI se vyavahAra meM acelatA samApta ho gyii| kevala acelatA ke prati saiddhAntika Adara bhAva banA rhaa| Aja vahA~ jo digambara haiM, ve isa kAraNa digambara nahIM haiM ki ve nagna rahate haiM apitu isa kAraNa haiM ki acelatA / digambaratva ke prati unameM Adara bhAva hai| mahAvIra kA jo nirmantha-saMgha bihAra se pazcimottara bhArata kI ora Age bar3hA, usameM jalavAyu tathA muniyoM kI bar3hatI saMkhyA ke kAraNa vastra - pAtra kA vikAsa huaa| prathama zaka, hUNa Adi videzI saMskRti ke prabhAva se tathA dUsare jalavAyu ke kAraNa se isa kSetra meM nagnatA ko heya dRSTi se dekhA jAne lagA, jabaki dakSiNa bhArata meM nagnatA ke prati heya bhAva nahIM thaa| loka-lajjA aura zIta-nivAraNa ke liye eka vastra rakhA jAne lgaa| prArambha meM to uttara bhArata kA yaha nirgrantha- saMgha rahatA to acela hI thA, kintu apane pAsa eka vastra rakhatA thA jisakA upayoga nagarAdi meM praveza karate samaya loka-lajjA ke nivAraNa ke liye aura zIta Rtu meM sardI sahana na hone kI sthiti meM or3hane ke liye kiyA karatA thaa| mathurA se aneka aise acela jaina muniyoM kI pratimAe~ prApta huI haiM jinake hAtha meM yaha vastra (kambala) isa prakAra pradarzita hai ki unakI nagnatA chipa jAtI hai| uttara bhArata meM nirmanthoM, muniyoM kI isa sthiti ko hI dhyAna meM rakhakara sambhavataH pAlitripiTaka meM nirmanthoM ko ekazATaka kahA gayA hai| hameM prAcIna arthAt IsA kI pahalI-dusarI zatI ke jo bhI sAhityika aura purAtAtvika pramANa milate hai unase yahI siddha hotA hai ki uttara bhArata ke nirdhanya saMgha meM zIta aura loka-lajjA ke liye vastra grahaNa kiyA jAtA thA / zvetAmbara- mAnya Agamika vyAkhyAoM se jo sUcanAeM upalabdha hotI haiM, unase bhI yaha jJAta hotA hai ki uttara bhArata ke nirgrantha saMgha meM vastra kA praveza hote hue bhI mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke pazcAt lagabhaga chaH sau varSoM taka acelakatva utsarga yA zreSThamArga ke rUpa meM mAnya rahA hai| zvetAmbara Agamika vyAkhyA sAhitya se hI hameM yaha bhI sUcanA milatI hai ki uttara bhArata ke nirgrantha saMgha ke aneka AcAryoM ne samaya-samaya para vastra grahaNa kI bar3hatI huI pravRtti ke virodha meM apane svara mukharita kiye the Arya bhadrabAhu ke pazcAt bhI uttara bhArata ke nirmanya saMgha meM Arya mahAgiri, Arya zivabhUti, Arya rakSita Adi ne vastravAda kA virodha kiyA thaa| jJAtavya hai ki ina sabhI ko zvetAmbara paramparA apane pUrvAcAryoM ke rUpa meM hI svIkAra karatI hai| mAtra yahI nahIM, inake dvArA vastravAda ke virodha kA ullekha bhI karatI hai| isa sabase yahI phalita hotA hai ki uttara bhArata kI nirgrantha paramparA meM Age calakara vastra ko jo aparihArya mAna liyA gayA aura vastroM kI saMkhyA meM jo vRddhi huI yaha eka paravartI ghaTanA hai aura vahI saMgha bheda kA mukhya kAraNa bhI hai| - jaina sAhityika evaM purAtAtvika sAkSyoM ke atirikta nirmantha muniyoM ke dvArA vastra grahaNa karane ke sambandha meM yathArtha sthiti kA jJAna jainetara sAkSyoM se bhI upalabdha hotA hai, jo ati mahattvapUrNa hai| inameM sabase prAcIna sandarbha pAlitripiTaka kA hai| pAlitripiTaka meM pramukha rUpa se do aise sandarbha hai jahA~ nirmanya kI vastra sambandhI sthiti kA saMketa milatA hai| prathama sandarbha to nirgrantha kA vivaraNa dete hue spaSTatayA yaha kahatA hai ki nirgrantha ekazATaka the, isase yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki buddha ke samaya yA kama se kama pAlitripiTaka ke racanAkAla arthAt I0 pU0 tRtIya caturtha zatI meM nirgranthoM meM eka vastra kA prayoga hotA thA, anyathA unheM ekazATaka kabhI nahIM kahA jaataa| jahA~ AjIvaka sarvathA nagna rahate the, vahA~ nirmandha eka vastra rakhate the| isase yahI sUcita hotA hai ki vastra grahaNa kI paramparA ati prAcIna hai / punaH nirgrantha ke ekazATaka hone kA yaha ullekha pAlitripiTaka meM jJAtRputra mahAvIra kI carcA ke prasaMga meM huA hai| ataH sAmAnya rUpa se ise pArzva kI paramparA kaha denA bhI ThIka nahIM hogaa| phira bhI yadi isameM cAturyAma kI avadhAraNA ke ullekha ke AdhAra para ise pArzva kI paramparA se sambandhita mAneM to bhI itanA avazya hai ki mahAvIra ke saMgha meM pArzvApatyoM ke praveza ke sAtha-sAtha vastra kA praveza ho gayA thaa| cAhe nirgranthaparamparA pArzva kI rahI ho yA mahAvIra kii| yaha nirvivAda hai ki nirmanya saMgha meM prAcInakAla se hI vastra ke sambandha meM vaikalpika vyavasthA mAnya rahI hai, phira cAhe vaha apavAda mArga ke rUpa meM ho yA sthavira kalpa ke rUpa meM hI kyoM na ho| pAlitripiTaka ke eka anya prasaMga meM mahAvIra ke svargavAsa ke pazcAt nirdhanya saMgha ke pArasparika kalaha aura usake do bhAgoM meM vibhAjita hone kA nimna ullekha milatA hai-- ve eka-dUsare kI AlocanA karate hue kahate the, "tU isa dharma-vinaya ko nahIM jaantaa| maiM isa dharma-vinaya ko jAnatA huuN| tU kyA isa dharma-vinaya ko jAnegA? aadi-aadi| isa vivAda ke sambandha meM vidvAnoM meM do prakAra ke mata hai| muni kalyANavijaya jI Adi kucha vidvAnoM ke anusAra yaha vivaraNa mahAvIra ke jIvana kAla meM hI unake aura gozAlaka ke bIca hue usa vivAda kA sUcaka hai, jisake kAraNa mahAvIra ke nirvANa kA pravAda bhI pracalita ho gayA thaa| bhagavatIsUtra" meM hameM isa vivAda kA vistRta 19
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________________ - yatIndrasUri smArakagrantha - jaina darzana ullekha milatA hai| isameM vastrAdi ke sandarbha meM koI carcA nahIM hai| TIkAkAra aparAjita ne yahA~ utsargaliMga kA artha spaSTa karate hue sakala mAtra mahAvIra para yaha Aropa hai ki ve pahale akele vana meM nivAsa parigrahatyAgarUpa acelakatva ke grahaNa ko hI utsargaliMga kahA hai| isI karate the, aba saMgha sahita nagara yA gA~va ke upAnta meM nivAsa karate prakAra apavAda kI vyAkhyA karate hue kAraNasahita parigraha ko haiM aura tIrthaGkara na hokara bhI apane ko tIrthaGkara kahate haiN| kintu isa apavAdaliMga kahA hai| agalI gAthA kI TIkA meM unhoMne spaSTa rUpa vivAda ke prasaMga meM, jo sabase mahattvapUrNa bAta hai, vaha yaha ki se sacelaliMga ko apavAdaliMga kahA hai| isake atirikta ArAdhanAkAra pAlitripiTaka meM isakA sambandha dharma-vinaya se jor3A gayA hai aura audAtta zivArya evaM TIkAkAra aparAjita ne yaha bhI spaSTa kiyA hai ki jinakA arthAt zreSTha-vastra dhAraNa karane vAle nirgrantha zrAvakoM ko isa vivAda puruSa-cihna aprazasta ho arthAt liMga carmarahita ho, atidIrgha ho, se udAsIna batAyA gayA hai| isase itanA to avazya pratiphalita aNDakoSa atisthUla ho tathA liMga bAra-bAra uttejita hotA ho to unheM hotA hai ki vivAda kA mUlabhUta viSaya dharma-vinaya arthAt zramaNAcAra sAmAnya dazA meM to apavAdaliMga arthAt sacelaliMga hI denA hotA se hI sambandhita rahA hogaa| ata: usakA eka pakSa vastra-pAtra rakhane hai, kintu aise vyaktiyoM ko bhI saMlekhanA ke samaya ekAnta meM utsargaliMga / yA na rakhane se sambandhita ho sakatA hai| arthAt acelakatva pradAna kiyA jA sakatA hai| kintu usameM sabhI isa samasta carcA se yaha pratiphalita hotA hai ki sacelatA aura apavAdaliMgadhAriyoM ko saMlekhanA ke samaya acelaliMga grahaNa karanA acelatA kI samasyA nimrantha saMgha kI eka purAnI samasyA hai aura isakA Avazyaka nahIM mAnA gayA hai| Age ve spaSTa likhate haiM ki jinake AvirbhAva pArzva aura mahAvIra ke nimrantha saMgha ke sammelana ke sAtha svajana mahAn sampattizAlI, lajjAzIla aura mithyAdRSTi arthAt jainaho gayA thaa| sAtha hI yaha bhI satya hai ki jahA~ eka ora AjIvakoM dharma ko nahIM mAnane vAle hoM, aise vyaktiyoM ke liye na kevala sAmAnya kI acelatA ne mahAvIra ke nirgrantha-saMgha meM sthAna pAyA, vahIM pArzva dazA meM apitu saMlekhanA ke samaya bhI apavAdaliMga arthAt sacelatA kI sacela-paramparA ne bhI use prabhAvita kiyaa| pariNAmasvarUpa vastra hI upayukta hai| ke sambandha meM mahAvIra ke nirgrantha-saMgha meM eka milI-julI vyavasthA isa samagra carcA se spaSTataH yaha phalita hotA hai ki yApanIya svIkAra kI gii| utsarga-mArga meM acelatA ko svIkAra karate hue bhI sampradAya una vyaktiyoM ko, jo samRddhizAlI parivAroM se haiM, jo lajjAlu ApavAdika sthitiyoM meM vastra-grahaNa kI anumati dI gyii| pAlitripiTaka / haiM tathA jinake parijana mithyAdRSTi haiM athavA jinake puruSacihna arthAt meM AjIvakoM ko sarvathA acelaka aura nirgrantha ko ekazATaka kahA liMga carmarahita haiM, atidIrgha haiM, aNDakoSa sthUla haiM evaM liMga bAra-bAra gayA hai aura isI AdhAra para ve AjIvakoM aura nimrantha meM antara uttejita hotA hai, ko ApavAdika liMga dhAraNa karane kA nirdeza karatA bhI karate haiN| AjIvakoM ke liye 'acelaka' zabda kA bhI prayoga karate hai| isa prakAra vaha yaha mAnatA hai ki uparyukta viziSTa paristhitiyoM haiN| dhammapada kI TIkA meM buddhaghoSa kahate haiM ki kucha bhikSu acelakoM meM vyakti sacela liMga dhAraNa kara sakatA hai| ata: hama kaha sakate kI apekSA nirgrantha ko vareNya samajhate haiM kyoMki acelaka to sarvathA haiM ki yApanIya paramparA yadyapi acelakatva para bala detI thI aura yaha nagna rahate haiM, jabaki nimrantha praticchAdana rakhate haiN| 32 buddhaghoSa ke isa bhI mAnatI thI ki samartha sAdhaka ko acelaliMga hI dhAraNa karanA cAhie ullekha se bhI yaha pratiphalita hotA hai ki nirgrantha nagara-praveza Adi kintu usake sAtha-sAtha vaha yaha mAnatI thI ki ApavAdika sthitiyoM ke samaya jo eka vastra (praticchAdana) rakhate the, usase apanI nagnatA meM sacela liMga bhI dhAraNa kiyA jA sakatA hai| yahA~ usakA zvetAmbarachipA lete the| isa prakAra mUla tripiTaka meM nirgrantha ko ekazATaka kahanA, paramparA se spaSTa bheda yaha hai ki jahA~ zvetAmbara-paramparA jinakalpa kA buddhaghoSa dvArA unake dvArA praticchAdana rakhane kA ullekha karanA aura viccheda batAkara acelaliMga kA niSedha kara rahI thI, vahA~ yApanIya-paramparA mathurA se prApta nirgrantha muniyoM ke aMkana meM unheM eka vastra se apanI samartha sAdhaka ke liye hara yuga meM acelatA kA samarthana karatI hai| nagnatA chipAte hue dikhAnA--ye saba sAkSya yahI sUcita karate haiM ki jahA~ zvetAmbara-paramparA vastra-grahaNa ko sAmAnya niyama yA utsarga-mArga uttara bhArata meM nirgrantha-saMgha meM kama se kama I0 pU0 cauthI-tIsarI zatAbdI mAnane lagI vahA~ yApanIya paramparA use apavAda mArga ke rUpa meM hI meM eka vastra rakhA jAtA thA aura yaha pravRtti buddhaghoSa ke kAla taka / svIkAra karatI rhii| ata: usake anusAra AgamoM meM jo vastra-pAtra arthAt IsA kI dUsarI-tIsarI zatAbdI taka bhI pracalita thii| sambandhI nirdeza haiM, ve mAtra ApavAdika sthitiyoM ke haiN| durbhAgya se mujhe yApanIya- granthoM meM isa tathya kA kahIM spaSTa nirdeza nahIM milA vasa ke sambandha meM yApanIya-dRSTikoNa ki ApavAdika liMga meM kitane vastra yA pAtra rakhe jA sakate the| yApanIya-paramparA kA eka prAcIna grantha bhagavatIArAdhanA hai| isameM yApanIya-grantha bhagavatIArAdhanA kI TIkA meM yApanIya AcArya do prakAra ke liMga batAye gaye haiM-1. utsargaliMga (acela) aura 2. aparAjita sUri likhate haiM ki cela (vastra) kA grahaNa, parigraha kA upalakSaNa apavAdaliMga (scel)| ArAdhanAkAra spaSTa rUpa se kahatA hai ki saMlekhanA hai, ata: samasta prakAra ke parigraha kA tyAga hI Acelakya hai| Acelakya grahaNa karate samaya utsargaliMgadhArI acela zramaNa kA to utsargaliMga ke lAbha yA samarthana meM Age ve likhate haiMacelatA hI hotA hai, apavAdaliMgadhArI sacela zramaNa kA bhI yadi liMga 1. acelakatva ke kAraNa tyAga dharma (dasa dharmoM meM eka dharma) prazasta hai to use bhI utsargaliMga arthAt acelakatva grahaNa karanA caahiye| meM pravRtti hotI hai|
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________________ - yatIndrasUri smArakagranya - jaina darzana 2. jo acela hotA hai, vahI akiMcana dharma ke pAlana meM tatpara vaha bhAjya hotI hai, usI prakAra jo acela hai usakI zuddhi nizcita hotI hai, kintu sacela kI zuddhi bhAjya hai (evamacelavatiniyamAdeva, 3. parigraha (vastrAdi) ke liye hiMsA (Arambha) meM pravRtti hotI bhAjyA scele| bhagavatIArAdhanA-423 para vijayodayA TIkA, pR0 hai, jo aparigrahI hai, vaha hiMsA (Arambha) nahIM karatA hai| ataH pUrNa 322), arthAt sacela kI zuddhi ho bhI sakatI hai aura nahIM bhI ho ahiMsA ke pAlana ke liye acelatA Avazyaka hai| sakatI hai| yahA~ digambara-paramparA aura yApanIya-paramparA kA antara spaSTa 4. parigraha ke liye hI jhUTha bolA jAtA hai| bAhya aura Abhyantara hai| digambara-paramparA yaha mAnatI hai ki sacela mukta (zuddha) nahIM ho parigraha ke abhAva meM jhUTha bolane kA koI kAraNa nahIM hotA, ataH sakatA, cAhe vaha tIrthaGkara hI kyoM na ho jabaki yApanIya-paramparA yaha acela-muni satya hI bolatA hai| mAnatI hai ki strI, gRhastha aura anyatairthika sacela hekara bhI mukta ho 5. acela meM lAghava bhI hotA hai| sakate haiN| yahA~ bhAjya (vikalpa) zabda kA prayoga yApanIyoM kI udAra 6. aceladharma kA pAlana karane vAle kA adatta-tyAga bhI sampUrNa aura anekAntika dRSTi kA paricAyaka hai| hotA hai kyoMki parigraha kI icchA hone para hI binA dI huI vastu ke 6. acelatA meM rAga-dveSa kA abhAva hotA hai| rAga-dveSa bAhya grahaNa karane meM pravRtti hotI hai| dravya ke Alambana se hotA hai| parigraha ke abhAva meM Alambana kA 7. parigraha ke nimitta krodha kaSAya hotA hai, ataH parigraha ke abhAva hone se rAga-dveSa nahIM hote, jabaki sacela ko manojJa vastra ke * abhAva meM kSamA-bhAva rahatA hai| prati rAga-bhAva ho sakatA hai| 8. acela ko sundara yA sampanna hone kA mada bhI nahIM hotA, 7. acelaka zarIra ke prati upekSA-bhAva rakhatA hai, tabhI to vaha ata: usameM Arjava (saralatA) dharma bhI hotA hai| zIta aura tApa ke kaSTa sahana karatA hai| 9. acela meM mAyA (chipAne kI pravRtti) nahIM hotI, ata: usake 8. acelatA meM svAvalambana hotA hai aura dezAntara gamana meM kisI Arjava (saralatA) dharma bhI hotA hai| kI sahAyatA kI apekSA nahIM hotii| jisa prakAra pakSI apane paMkhoM 10. acela zIta, uSNa, daMza, macchara Adi parISahoM ko sahatA ke sahAre cala detA hai, vaise hI vaha bhI pratilekhana (pIchI) lekara cala hai, ata: use ghora tapa bhI hotA hai| detA hai| punaH ve acelakatva kI prazaMsA karate hue likhate haiM 9. acelatA meM citta-vizuddhi prakaTa karane kA guNa hai| la~goTI 1. acelatA se zuddha saMyama kA pAlana hotA hai, pasInA, dhUla Adi se Dhakane se bhAva-zuddhi kA jJAna nahIM hotA hai| aura maila se yukta vastra meM usI yoni vAle aura usake Azraya se 10. acelatA meM nirbhayatA hai, kyoMki cora Adi kA bhaya nahIM rahane vAle trasa jIva tathA sthAvara jIva utpanna hote hai| vastradhAraNa karane rhtaa| se unheM bAdhA bhI utpanna hotI hai| jIvoM se saMsakta vastradhAraNa karane 11. sarvatra vizvAsa bhI acelatA kA guNa hai| na to vaha kisI vAle ke dvArA uThane, baiThane, sone, vastrako phAr3ane, kATane, bA~dhane, para zaMkA karatA hai aura na koI usa para zaMkA karatA hai| dhone, kUTane, dhUpa meM DAlane se jIvoM ko bAdhA (pIr3A) hotI hai, jisase 12. acelatA meM pratilekhanA kA abhAva hotA hai| caudaha prakAra - mahAn asaMyama hotA hai| kA parigraha rakhane vAloM ko jaisI pratilekhanA karanI hotI hai vaisI acela 2. acelatA se indriyoM para vijaya prApta hotI hai| jisa prakAra ko nahIM karanI hotii| soM se yukta jaMgala meM vyakti bahuta sAvadhAna rahatA hai usI prakAra jo 13. sacela ko lapeTanA, chor3anA, sInA, bA~dhanA, dhonA, ra~ganA acela hotA hai vaha indriyoM (kAmavAsanA) para vijaya prApta karane meM Adi parikarma karane hote haiM jabaki acela ko ye parikarma nahIM karane pUrNatayA sAvadhAna rahatA hai| kyoMki aisA nahIM karane para zarIra meM vikAra hote| (kAmottejanA) utpanna hone para lajjita honA par3atA hai| 14. tIrthaGkaroM ke anurUpa AcaraNa karanA (jinakalpa kA AcaraNa) 3. acelatA kA tIsarA guNa kaSAyarahita honA hai, kyoMki vastra bhI acelatA kA eka guNa hai| kyoMki saMhanana aura bala se pUrNa sabhI ke sadbhAva meM use coroM se chipAne ke liye mAyAcAra karanA hotA hai| tIrthaGkara acela the aura bhaviSya meM bhI acela hI hoNge| jinapratimA vastra hone para mere pAsa sundara vastra, aisA ahaMkAra bhI ho sakatA hai, aura gaNadhara bhI acela hote haiM aura unake ziSya bhI unhIM kI taraha vastra ke chIne jAne para krodha tathA usakI prApti meM lobha bhI ho sakatA acela hote haiN| jo savastra hai vaha jina ke anurUpa nahIM hai arthAt hai, jabaki acelaka meM aise doSa utpanna nahIM hote haiN| jinakalpa kA pAlana nahIM karatA hai| 4. savastra hone para suI, dhAgA, vastra Adi kI khoja meM tathA 15. acela hI nirgrantha kahalA sakatA hai| yadi apane zarIra usake sIne, dhone, pratilekhanA Adi karane meM dhyAna aura svAdhyAya ko vastra se veSTita karake bhI apane ko nirgrantha kahA jA sakatA hai, kA samaya naSTa hotA hai| acela ko dhyAna-svAdhyAya meM bAdhA nahIM hotii| to phira anya paramparA ke sAdhu nirgrantha kyoM nahIM kahe jAyeMge arthAt 5. jisa prakAra binA chilake (AvaraNa) kA dhAnya niyama se unheM bhI nirgrantha mAnanA hogaa| zuddha hotA hai, kintu chilakeyukta dhAnya kI zuddhi niyama se nahIM hotI, isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki yApanIya-paramparA spaSTa rUpa se dwidnidraditionardnidiramidnirdiwandriorite[101Jiwandriandiriramidnironomiridionoraniranoranditarde
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________________ - yatIndrasUri smArakagrantha - jaina darzana - acelakatva kI samarthaka hai| kintu unake sAmane eka samasyA yaha thI kAraNa aMgoM ke glAniyukta hone para deha ke muMgita (vIbhatsa) hone para ki ve zvetAmbara-paramparA meM svIkRta una AgamoM kI mAthurI vAcanA ko athavA parISaha (zItaparISaha) sahana karane meM asamartha hone para vastra dhAraNa mAnya karate the, jinameM vastrapAtrAdi grahaNa karane ke spaSTa ullekha the| kre| punaH AcArAMga" meM yaha bhI kahA gayA hai, yadi aisA jAne kI ata: unake samakSa do prazna the-eka ora acelakatva kA samarthana zItaRtu (hemanta) samApta ho gayI hai to jIrNa vastra pratisthApita kara karanA aura dUsarI ora Agamika ullekhoM kI acelakatva ke sandarbha de arthAt unakA tyAga kara de| isa prakAra (AgamoM meM) kAraNa kI meM samyak vyAkhyA krnaa| aparAjita sUri ne isa sambandha meM apekSA se vastra kA grahaNa kahA hai| jo upakaraNa kAraNa kI apekSA bhagavatIArAdhanA kI vijayodayA TIkA meM jo samyak dRSTikoNa prastuta se grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai usake grahaNa karane kI vidhi aura gRhIta kiyA hai vaha acelakatva ke Adarza ke sambandha meM yApanIyoM kI yathArtha- upakaraNa kA tyAga avazya kahA jAtA hai| ata: Agama meM vastra-pAtra dRSTi kA paricAyaka hai| kI jo caryA batAyI gayI hai vaha kAraNa kI apekSA se arthAt ___aparAjita ne sarvaprathama AgamoM ke una sandarbho ko prastuta kiyA ApavAdika hai| hai, jinameM vastra-pAtra sambandhI ullekha haiM, phira unakA samAdhAna prastuta isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki yApanIya-saMgha mAtra ApavAdika sthiti kiyA hai| ve likhate haiM-'AcArapraNidhi' arthAt dazavaikAlika ke meM vastra-grahaNa ko svIkAra karatA thA aura utsarga-mArga acelatA ko AThaveM adhyAya meM kahA gayA hai ki pAtra aura kambala kI pratilekhanA hI mAnatA thaa| AcArAMga ke 'bhAvanA' nAmaka adhyayana meM mahAvIra ke karanI caahie| yadi pAtrAdi nahIM hote to unakI pratilekhanA kA kathana eka varSa taka vastrayukta hone ke ullekha ko vaha vivAdAspada mAnatA kyoM kiyA jAtA? puna: AcArAMga25 ke 'loka-vicaya' nAmaka dUsare thaa| aparAjita ne isa sambandha meM vibhinna pravAdoM kA ullekha bhI kiyA adhyayana ke pA~caveM uddezaka meM kahA gayA hai ki pratilekhana (paDilehaNa), hai5- jaise kucha kahate haiM ki vaha cha: mAsa meM kA~Te, zAkhA Adi pAdapoMchana (pAyapucchana), avagraha (uggaha), kaTAsana (kaDAsaNa), caTAI se china ho gyaa| kucha kahate haiM ki eka varSa se kucha adhika hone Adi kI yAcanA kre| punaH usake 'vasyaiSaNA'26 adhyayana meM kahA gayA para usa vastra ko khaNDalaka nAmaka brAhmaNa ne le liyaa| kucha kahate hai ki jo lajjAzIla hai vaha eka vastra dhAraNa kare, dUsarA vastra pratilekhanA haiM ki vaha vastra vAyu se gira gayA aura bhagavAn ne usakI upekSA kara hetu rkhe| juMgita (deza-vizeSa) meM do vastra dhAraNa kare aura tIsarA dii| koI kahate haiM ki vilambanakArI ne use jina ke kandhe para rakha pratilekhanA hetu rakhe, yadi zIta parISaha sahana nahIM ho to tIna vastra diyA aadi| isa prakAra aneka vipratipattiyoM ke kAraNa aparAjita kI dhAraNa kare aura cauthA pratilekhanA hetu-rkhe| puna: usake pAtraiSaNAre dRSTi meM isa kathana meM koI tathya nahIM hai| puna: aparAjita ne Agama meM kahA gayA hai ki lajjAzIla, muMgita arthAt jisake liMga Adi . se acelatA ke samarthaka aneka sUtra bhI uddhRta kiye hai6, yathAhInAdhika ho tathA pAtrAdi rakhatA ho use vastra rakhanA kalpatA hai| punaH "vastroM kA tyAga kara dene para bhikSu punaH vastra-grahaNa nahIM karatA tathA usameM kahA gayA hai tumbI kA pAtra, lakar3I kA pAtra athavA miTTI kA acela hokara jina-rUpa dhAraNa karatA hai| bhikSu yaha nahIM soce ki sacelaka pAtra yadi jIva, bIjAdi se rahita ho to grAhya hai| yadi vastra-pAtra grAhya sukhI hotA hai aura acelaka duHkhI hotA hai, ataH maiM sacelaka ho nahIM hote to phira ye sUtra Agama meM kyoM Ate? punaH AcArAMga8 jaauuN| acela ko kabhI zIta bahuta satAtI hai, phira bhI vaha dhUpa kA ke 'bhAvanA' nAmaka adhyayana meM kahA gayA hai ki bhagavAn eka varSa vicAra na kre| mujha nirAvaraNa ke pAsa koI chAdana nahIM hai, ata: maiM taka cIvaradhArI rahe, usake bAda acela ho gye| sAtha hI sUtrakRtAMgarera agni kA sevana kara lU~, aisA bhI nahIM soce|" isI prakAra unhoMne ke 'puNDarIka' nAmaka adhyayana meM kahA gayA hai ki bhikSu, vastra aura uttarAdhyayana ke 23 veM adhyayana kI gAthAyeM uddhRta karake yaha batAyA pAtra ke liye dharmakathA na khe| nizItha meM kahA gayA hai ki jo bhikSu ki pArzva kA dharma sAntaruttara thaa| mahAvIra kA dharma to acelaka hI akhaNDa-vastra aura kambala dhAraNa karatA hai use mAsa-laghu (prAyazcitta thaa| punaH dazavaikAlika meM muni ko nagna aura muNDita kahA gayA hai| kA eka prakAra) prAyazcitta AtA hai| isa prakAra Agama meM vastra-grahaNa isase bhI Agama meM acelatA hI pratipAdya hai, yaha siddha hotA hai| kI anujJA hone para bhI acelatA kA kathana kyoM kiyA jAtA hai? isa samagra carcA ke AdhAra para yApanIya-saMgha kA vastra-sambandhI isakA samAdhAna karate hue svayaM aparAjitasUri kahate haiM ki Agama dRSTikoNa spaSTa ho jAtA hai| unake isa dRSTikoNa ko saMkSepa meM nimna meM kAraNa kI apekSA se AryikAoM ko vastra kI anujJA hai, yadi rUpa meM prastuta kiyA jA sakatA haibhikSu lajjAlu hai athavA usakI jananendriya tvacArahita ho yA aNDakoSa 1. zvetAmbara-paramparA, jo jinakalpa ke viccheda kI ghoSaNA ke lambe hoM athavA vaha parISaha (zIta) sahana karane meM akSama ho to use dvArA vastra Adi ke sambandha meM mahAvIra kI vaikalpika vyavasthA ko vastradhAraNa karane kI anujJA hai| AcArAMgAre meM hI kahA gayA hai ki samApta karake sacelakatva ko hI eka mAtra vikalpa banA rahI thI, yaha saMyamAbhimukha strI-puruSa do prakAra ke hote haiM-sarvazramaNAgata aura bAta yApanIyoM ko mAnya nahIM thii| no-srvshrmnnaagtaa| unameM sarvazramaNAgata sthirAMga vAle pANi-pAtra bhikSu 2. yApanIya yaha mAnate the ki jinakalpa kA viccheda suvidhAvAdiyoM ko pratilekhana ke atirikta eka bhI vastra dhAraNa karanA yA chor3anA kI apanI kalpanA hai| samartha sAdhaka ina paristhitiyoM meM yA isa yuga nahIM kalpatA hai| bRhatkalpasUtra meM bhI kahA gayA hai ki lajjA ke meM bhI acela raha sakatA hai| unake anusAra acelatA (nagnatA) hI
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________________ yatIndrasUri smArakagrantha - jaina darzana - jina kA Adarza mArga hai, ata: muni ko acela yA nagna hI rahanA gRhastha nho| yadyapi yApanIya aura digambara dono hI acelakatva ke caahiye| samarthaka haiM, phira bhI vastra ke sambandha meM yApanIyoM kA dRSTikoNa apekSAkRta 3. yApanIya ApavAdika sthitiyoM meM hI muni ke liye vastra kii| udAra evaM yarthAthavAdI rahA hai| ApavAdika sthiti meM vastra-grahaNa, sacela grAhyatA ko svIkAra karate the, unakI dRSTi meM ye ApavAdika sthitiyA~ kI mukti kI sambhAvanA, sacela strI aura puruSa donoM meM zramaNatva yA nimnalikhita thIM munitva kA sadbhAva-unheM acelatA ke prazna para digambara-paramparA se (ka) rAja-parivAra Adi atikulIna gharAne ke vyakti jana-sAdhAraNa bhinna karatA hai, jabaki AgamoM meM vastra-pAtra ke ullekha mAtra ApavAdika ke samakSa nagnatA chipAne ke liye vastra rakha sakate haiN| sthiti ke sUcaka haiM aura jinakalpa kA viccheda nahIM haiM, yaha bAta unheM (kha) isI prakAra ve vyakti bhI jo adhika lajjAzIla haiM apanI zvetAmbaroM se alaga karatI hai| nagnatA ko chipAne ke liye vastra rakha sakate haiN| (ga) ve navayuvaka muni jo abhI apanI kAma-vAsanA ko pUrNata: jinakalpa evaM sthavirakalpa vijita nahIM kara pAye haiM aura jinheM liMgottejanA Adi ke kAraNa nirgrantha acelakatva evaM sacelakatva sambandhI isa carcA ke prasaMga meM saMgha meM aura janasAdhAraNa meM pravAda kA pAtra bananA par3e, apavAda rUpa jinakalpa aura sthAvirakalpa kI carcA bhI aprAsaMgika nahIM hogii| zvetAmbarameM vastra rakha sakate haiN| mAnya AgamoM evaM Agamika vyAkhyAoM meM jinakalpa aura sthavirakalpa (gha) ve vyakti jinake liMga aura aNDakoSa vidrapa haiM, ve sNlekhnaa| kI jo carcA milatI hai, usase yaha phalita hotA hai ki prArambha meM ke avasara ko chor3akara yAvajjIvana vastradhAraNa karake hI rheN| acelatA arthAt nagnatA ko jinakalpa kA pramukha lakSaNa mAnA gayA (Ga) ve vyakti jo zItAdi parISaha-sahana karane meM sarvathA asamartha thA, kintu kAlAntara meM jinakalpa zabda kI vyAkhyA meM kramaza: parivartana haiM, apavAda rUpa meM vastra rakha sakate haiN| huA hai| jinakalpI kI kama se kama do upadhi (mukhavastrikA aura (ca) ve muni jo arza, bhagandara Adi kI vyAdhi se grasta hoM, rajoharaNa) mAnI gaI kintu oghaniyukti ke liye jinakalpa zabda kA bImArI kI sthiti meM vastra rakha sakate haiN| sAmAnya artha to jina ke anusAra AcaraNa karanA hai| jinakalpa kI 4. jahA~ taka sAdhviyoM kA prazna thA yApanIya saMgha meM spaSTa rUpa bAraha upadhiyoM kA bhI ulalekha hai| kAlAntara meM zvetAmbara AcAryoM se unheM vastra rakhane kI anujJA thii| yadyapi sAdhviyA~ bhI ekAnta meM ne una sAdhuoM ko jinakalpI kahA jo gaccha kA parityAga karake ekAkI saMlekhanA ke samaya jina-mudrA arthAt acelatA dhAraNa kara sakatI thiiN| vihAra karate the tathA utsarga-mArga ke hI anugAmI hote the| vastutaH isa prakAra yApanIyoM kA Adarza acelakatva hI rahA, kintu apavAda- jaba zvetAmbara-paramparA meM acelatA kA poSaNa kiyA jAne lagA to jinakalpa mArga meM unhoMne vastra-pAtra kI grAhyatA bhI svIkAra kii| ve yaha mAnate kI paribhASA meM bhI antara huaa| nizIthacUrNi meM jinakalpa aura haiM ki kaSAyatyAga aura rAgAtmakatA ko samApta karane ke liye sampUrNa sthavirakalpa kI paribhASA dete hue kahA hai ki jinakalpa meM mAtra utsarga parigraha kA tyAga, jisameM vastra-tyAga bhI samAhita hai, Avazyaka hai, mArga kA hI anusaraNa kiyA jAtA hai| ata: usameM kalpapratisevanA kintu ve digambara-paramparA ke samAna ekAnta rUpa se yaha ghoSaNA nahIM aura darpapratisevanA donoM kA arthAt kisI bhI prakAra ke apavAda ke karate haiM ki vastradhArI cAhe vaha tIrthaGkara hI kyoM nahIM ho, mukta nahIM / avalambana kA hI niSedha hai jabaki sthavirakalpa meM utsarga aura apavAda ho sktaa| ve savastra meM bhI AdhyAtmika vizuddhi aura mukti kI donoM hI mArga svIkAra kiye gae haiN| yadyapi apavAda-mArga meM bhI mAtra bhajanIyatA arthAt sambhAvanA ko svIkAra karate haiN| isa prakAra ve kalpapratisevanA ko hI mAnya kiyA gayA hai| darpapratisevanA ko kisI acelakatva sambandhI mAnyatA ke sandarbha meM digambara-paramparA ke nikaTa bhI sthiti meM mAnya nahIM kiyA gayA hai| khar3e hokara bhI apanA bhinna mata rakhate haiN| ve acelakatva ke Adarza zvetAmbara-paramparA meM mAnya AgamoM meM prArambha meM to bhagavAn mahAvIra ko svIkAra karake bhI savastra mukti kI sambhAvanA ko svIkAra karate ke samAna nagnatA ko grahaNa kara, kara-pAtra meM bhojana grahaNa karate hue haiN| puna: muni ke liye acelakatva kA purajora samarthana karake bhI ve apavAdarahita jo munidharma kI kaThina sAdhanA kI jAtI hai, use hI yaha nahIM kahate haiM ki jo ApavAdika sthiti meM vastra dhAraNa kara rahA jinakalpa kahA gayA hai kintu kAlAntara meM isa paribhASA meM parivartana huaa| hai, vaha muni nahIM hai| jahA~ hamArI vartamAna digambara-paramparA mAtra la~goTadhArI yApanIya-paramparA meM jinakalpa kA ullekha hameM bhagavatIArAdhanA ailaka, eka celaka yA do vastradhArI, kSullaka ko muni na mAnakara utkRSTa aura usakI vijayodayA TIkA meM milatA hai| usameM kahA gayA hai ki zrAvaka hI mAnatI hai, vahA~ yApanIya-paramparA aise vyaktiyoM kI gaNanA "jo rAga-dveSa aura moha ko jIta cuke haiM, upasarga ko sahana karane munivarga ke antargata hI karatI hai| aparAjita AcArAMga kA eka sandarbha meM samartha haiM, jina ke samAna ekAkI vihAra karate haiM, ve jinakalpI dekara, jo vartamAna AcArAMga meM nahIM pAyA jAtA hai, kahate haiM ki aise kahalAte haiM" kSetra Adi kI apekSA se vivecana karate hue usameM Age vyakti no-sarvazramaNAgata haiN| tAtparya yaha hai ki savastra muni aMzata: kahA gayA hai ki jinakalpI sabhI karmabhUmiyoM aura sabhI kAloM meM hote zramaNabhAva ko prApta haiN| isa prakAra yApanIya ApavAdika sthitiyoM meM haiN| isI prakAra cAritra kI dRSTi se ve sAmAyika aura chedopasthApanIya paristhitivaza vastra-grahaNa karane vAle zramaNoM ko zramaNa hI mAnate haiM, cAritra vAle hote haiN| ve sabhI tIrthaGkaroM ke tIrtha meM pAe jAte haiM aura
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________________ yatIndrasUri smArakagrantha - jaina darzana janma kI apekSA se 30 varSa kI vaya aura muni-jIvana kI apekSA kiyA gayA hai unameM mAtraka aura cUlapaTTaka ye do upadhi jinakalpI se 19 varSa kI dIkSA-paryAya vAle hote haiN| jJAna kI dRSTi se nava-dasa nahIM rakhate haiN| pUrva-jJAna ke dhArI hote haiN| ve tInoM zubha lezyAoM se yukta hote haiM yApanIyoM kI dUsarI vizeSatA yaha hai ki ve zvetAmbaroM ke samAna aura vajraRSabha-nArAca-saMhanana ke dhAraka hote haiN| jinakalpa kA viccheda nahIM maante| unake anusAra samartha sAdhaka sabhI aparAjita ke atirikta jinakalpa aura sthAvirakalpa kA kAloM meM jinakalpa ko dhAraNa kara sakate haiM, jabaki zvetAmbaroM ke anusAra ullekha yApanIya AcArya zAkaTAyana ke strImuktiprakaraNa meM bhI hai| jinakalpI kevala tIrthaGkara kI upasthiti meM hI hote haiN| yadyapi yApanIyoM isase yaha pratIta hotA hai ki jinakalpa kI avadhAraNA zvetAmbara evaM kI isa mAnyatA meM unakI hI vyAkhyAnusAra eka antarvirodha AtA yApanIya donoM paramparAoM meM lagabhaga samAna hI thii| mukhya antara yaha hai, kyoMki unhoMne apanI jinakalpI kI vyAkhyA meM yaha mAnA hai ki hai ki yApanIya-paramparA meM jinakalpI ke dvArA vastra-grahaNa kA koI jinakalpI nau-dasa pUrvadhArI aura prathama saMhanana ke dhAraka hote haiN| cUMki ullekha nahIM hai, kyoMki usameM muni ke liye vastra-pAtra kI svIkRti unake anusAra bhI vartamAna meM pUrvo kA jJAna aura prathama saMhanakA kevala apavAda-mArga meM hai, utsarga-mArga meM nahIM aura jinakalpI utsarga- (vajra-RSabha- nArAca-saMhanana) kA abhAva hai, ata: jinakalpa sarvakAloM mArga kA anusAraNa karatA hai| ata: yApanIya-paramparA ke anusAra vaha meM kaise sambhava hogA? ina do-tIna bAtoM ko chor3akara yApanIya aura kisI bhI sthiti meM vastra-pAtra nahIM rakha sktaa| vaha acela hI rahatA zvetAmbara paramparA meM jinakalpa ke sambandha meM vizeSa antara nahIM hai| hai aura pANi-pAtrI hotA hai| jabaki zvetAmbara-paramparA ke mAnya granthoM vizeSa jAnakArI ke liye bhagavatI-ArAdhanA kI TIkA aura bRhatkalpazaSya ke anusAra jinakalpI acela bhI hotA hai aura sacela bhii| ve pANi-pAtrI ke tatsambandhI vivaraNoM ko dekhA jA sakatA hai| bhI hote haiM aura sapAtra bhI hote haiN| oghaniyukti (gAthA 78-79) jJAtavya hai ki digambara-grantha gommaTasAra aura yApanIya -grantha meM upadhi (sAmagrI) ke AdhAra para jinakalpa ke bhI aneka bheda kiye bhagavatIArAdhanA kI TIkA meM jinakalpa ko lekara eka mahattvapUrNa antara parilakSita hotA hai, vaha yaha ki jahA~ gommaTasAra meM jinakalpI muni isI prakAra nizIthabhASya meM bhI jinakalpI kI upadhi ko lekara ko mAtra sAmAyika cAritra mAnA gayA hai, vahA~ bhagavatIArAdhanA meM unameM vistRta vivaraNa upalabdha hotA hai| usameM sarvaprathama yaha batAyA gayA / sAmAyika aura chedopasthApanIya aise do cAritra mAne gae haiN| vastutaH hai ki pAtra kI apekSA se jinakalpI do prakAra ke hote haiM-pANipAtra yaha antara isaliye AyA ki jaba digambara paramparA meM chedopasthApanIya arthAt binA pAtra vAle aura paatrdhaarii| isI prakAra vastra kI apekSA cAritra kA artha mahAvratAropaNa se bhinna hokara prAyazcita rUpa pUrva-dIkSA se bhI usameM jinakalpiyoM ke do prakAra batAe gae haiM-acelaka aura paryAya ke cheda ke artha meM liyA gayA, to jinakalpI meM prAyazcitta rUpa scelk| puna: inakI upadhi kI carcA karate hue kahA gayA hai ki chedopasthApanIya cAritra kA niSedha mAnanA Avazyaka ho gayA, kyoMki acelaka aura pANipAtrabhojI jinakalpI hote haiM ve rajoharaNa aura jinakalpI kI sAdhanA nirapavAda hotI hai| hameM jinakalpa aura sthavirakalpa mukhavastrikA ye do upakaraNa rakhate haiN| jo sapAtra aura savastra hote haiM kA ullekha prAya: zvetAmbara evaM yApanIya-paramparA meM hI dekhane ko milA unakI upadhi kI saMkhyA kama se kama tIna aura adhika se adhika hai| digambara-paramparA meM yApanIya-prabhAvita granthoM ko chor3akara prAya: isa bAraha hotI hai| sthAvirakalpI kI jina caudaha upadhiyoM kA ullekha carcA kA abhAva hI hai| sandarbha siddhacakra sAhitya pracAraka samiti, sUrata, 1935. 1. NiccelapANipattaM uvai8 paramajiNa vridehi| (ba) savve'vi egadUseNa, niggayA jinavarA cuvviisN| ekko vi mokkhamaggo sesA ya amaggayA svve|| - suutrpraabhRt,10| -Avazyakaniyukti 227, harSapuSpAmRta jaina granthamAlA, lAkhAbAvala, egayA' celae hoi sacele yAvi egyaa| --- uttarAdhyayana, 2/13 / zAMtipurI (saurASTra), 1989 / ussaggiyaliMgakadassa liMgamussaggiyaM tayaM cev| 6. (a) Avazyakaniyukti, gAthA 1258 / avavAdiyaliMgassa vi pasatthamuvasaggiyaM liNg|| (ba) vahI, 1260 / - bhagavatIArAdhanA, 76 / 7. acelago ya jo dhammo jo imosNtruttro| 4. Navi sijjhai vatthadharo jiNasAsaNe jaivi hoi titthyro| desio vaddhamANeNa pAseNa ya mhaajsaa|| Naggo vimokkha maggo sesA ummaggayA svve|| -uttarAdhyayayana, 23/29 - sUtraprAbhRta, 23 / 8. vahI, 23/24 / (a) se bemi je ya aIyA je ya paDuppannA je ya AgamessA arahaMtA 9. munayo vAtarazanA pizaGgA vasate mlaa:| bhagavaMto je ya pavvayaMti je una pavvaissaMti savve te sovahI dhammo vAtasyAnu dhAjima yati yaddevAso aviksst|| desiavvotti kaTTa titthadhammatthAe esAeNudhammiga ti evaM devadUsamAyAe - Rgveda, 10/136/2 / pavvaiMsu vA pavvayaMti vA pavvaisaMti vaa| 10. Rgveda meM arhat aura RSabhavAcI RcAe~ : eka adhyayana, DaoN0 - AcArAMga 1/9/1-1 (zIlAMka TIkA), bhAga, pR0 273, sAgaramala jaina, saMdhAna, aMka 7, rASTrIya mAnava saMskRti zodha Poironirombrarianidnidentionsansorbonidmirabad104]nirbroard-irowondiwoodrowoninionorarioritonironiorar
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________________ saMsthAna, vArANasI, 1993, pR0 22 / 11. zrImadbhAgavata 2/7/201 12. (a) uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 23 / 26 / yatIndrasUri smArakagrantha jaina darzana (ba) yathoktam-purimaM pacchimANaM arahaMtANaM bhagavaMtANaM avelaye pasatye bhavai / uttarAdhyayana-- nemicanda kI TIkA, Atmavallabha, granthAMka 22, bAlApura, 1937, 2/13, pR0 22 para uddhRta / uttarAdhyayana, 22 / 33-34| 13. 14. vahI, 23/29 / 15. 'jo imo' tti yazcAyaM sAntarANi vardhamAnasvAmiyatyapekSayAmAnavarNavizeSataH savizeSANi uttarANi mahAmUlyatayA pradhAnAni prakramAd vastrANi yasminnasau sAntarottaro dharmaH pArthena dezita itii'pypekssyte| uttarAdhyayana, nemicandakRta sukhabodhAvRtti sahita, pR0 295, bAlApura, 23 / 12, vIra ni0 saM0 2463 16. parisuddhaM juNNaM kucchitaM thovANiyata 'NNa bhogabhogehi muNayo mucchArahitA saMtehi acelayA hoti / / vizeSAvazyakabhASya, paM0 dalasukha mAlavaNiyA, lAlabhAI dalapatabhAI bhAratIya saMskRti vidyA maMdira, ahamadAbAda, gAthA 3082, 1966 / 17. ahapuNa evaM jANijjA- uvAikkaMte khalu hemaMte gimhe paDivanne ahAparijunnAI satthAI paribijjA, aduvA saMtarutare aduvA omacele aduvA egasADe aduvA acele| apagate zIte vastrANi tyAjyAni athavA kSetrAdiguNaddhimakaNini vAle yAti satyAtmaparitulanArtha zItaparIkSArthaM ca sAntarottaro bhavet sAntaramuttaraM prAvaraNIyaM yasya sa tathA kvacitprAvRNoti kvacitpAvatiM bibharti zItAzaGkayA nAdyApi parityajati athavA'yamacela ekakalpaparityAgAt, dvikalpadhArItyarthaH athavA zanaiH zanaiH zIte'pagacchati sati dvitIyamapi kalpaM parityajet tat ekazATakaH saMvRttaH athavA ''tyantike zItAbhAve tadapi parityajedato'ceo bhvti| } AcArAMga (zIlAMkavRtti), saM0 jambUvijaya, 1/8/4, sUtra 212, pR0 277/ 18. dekhe uparyukta | 19. dekheM uparyukta 3 20. dekheM uparyukta | 21. kailAzacandra zAstrI, jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa ( pUrvapIThikA), gaNezaprasAda varNI jaina granthamAlA, vArANasI, vI0ni0 saM0 2489, pR0 399 / 22. No cevimeNa vatveNa pihissAmi taMsi hemate / apare vadanti vilambanakAriNA jinasya skandhe tadAropitamiti / bhagavatI ArAdhanA, gAthA 423 kI vijayodayA TIkA, sampAdaka paM0 kailAzacandrajI, bhAga 1, pR0 325-326. (ba) tacca subarNavAlukAnadIpUrAhatakaNTakAvalagnaM dhigjAtinA gRhItamiti / - AcArAMga zIlAMkavRtti, 1/9/2/4 kI vRtti / (sa) tahAvi suvaNNabAlugAnadIpUre avahite kNttraaeggN...| kimiti vaccati ciradhariyattA sahasA va lajjatA thaMDile cutaM Navitti vippeNa keNati di .. / AcArAMgacUrNi, RSabhadeva kesarImala saMsthA, ratalAma, pR0300| (da) sAmI dakkhiNavAcAlAo uttaravAcAlaM vaccati, tattha suvvaNNakulAe vuliNe taM vatthaM kaMTiyAe laggaM tAhe taM thitaM sAmI gato puNo ya avaloitaM, kiM nimittaM ? ketI bhAMti jahA mamattIe atre bhAMti mA atthaMDile paDitaM, avaloitaM sulabha vatthaM pattaM sissANaM bhavissati ? taM ca bhagavatA ya terasamAse ahAbhAveNaM dhAriyaM tato vosariyaM pacchA acelate taM eteNa pituvaMtasa dhijjAtiteNa ghitN| - AvazyakacUrNi bhAga 1, RSabhadeva kesarImala saMsthAna, ratalAma, pR0 277 / isase yaha phalita hotA hai ki unake vastratyAga ke sambandha meM jo vibhinna pravAda pracalita the-unakA ullekha na kevala yApanIya apitu zvetAmbara AcArya bhI kara rahe the| 24. 25. - - se pArae AvakahAe, eyaM khu aNudhammiyaM tassa / / saMvaccharaM sAhiyaM mAsaM jaM Na rikkAsi vatthagaM bhagavaM / acelae tato cAI taM vosajja vatthamaNagAre / / - AyAro, 1/9/1/2 evaM 3 23. (a) yacca bhAvanAyAmuktaM varisaM cIvaradhArI teNa paramabelago jiNoti taduktaM viprtipttibhultvaat| kathaM kecidvadanti tasminneva dine tadvatraM vIrajinasya vilambanakAriNA gRhItamiti / anye SaNmAsAcchinaM tatkaNTakazAkhAdibhiriti sAdhikena varSeNa tadvakhaM khaNDalakabrAhmaNena gRhItamiti kecitkathayanti kecidvAtena patitamapekSitaM jineneti / [10] , 31. 32. 33. (ba) bAvIsaM titthayarA sAmAiyasaMjama uvaisaMti / cheovaTThAvaNayaM puNa vayaMti usabho ya vIro ya / / - Avazyakaniryukti, 1260. 26. (a) evamege upaastthaa| sUtrakRtAMga, 1/3/4/9 (ba) pAsatyAdIpaNayaM NiccaM vajjeha savvadhA tumhe / haMdi ha melaNadoseNa hoi purisassa tmmydaa|| -bhagavatI ArAdhanA, gAthA 341. * AcArAMga, zIlAMkavRtti, 1/9/1/1-4, pR0 273 / (a) savve'vi egadUseNa, niggayA jiNavarA cauvvIsaM na va nAma aNNaliMge, no gihiliMge kuliMge vA / - Avazyakaniyukti, 227. 27. chakkAyarakkhaNaTThA pAyaggahaNaM jiNehiM pannattaM je ya guNA saMbhoe havaMti te pAyagahaNevi / / - opaniyukti, 699. 28. niggaMthA eka sATakA / majjhimanikAya - mahAsiMhanAdasutta, 1/1/20 29. dekheM- dIghanikAya, anu0 bhikSu rAhula sAMkRtyAyana evaM bhikSu jagadIza kazyapa, mahAbodhi sabhA, banArasa 1936, pAsAdikasutta 3/ 6, pR0 252 / 30. bhagavaI, pannarasaM sataM 101-152, saM0 muni nathamala, jaina vizvabhAratI lADanU~, vi0 saM0 2131, pR0 677-694 / dekheM- dIghanikAya, pAsAdikasutaM 36, 10252 / dhammapada, aTTakathA, tRtIya bhAga, gAthA 489 / bhagavatI ArAdhanA, vijayodayA TIkA, gAthA 423, saM0 kailAzacandra siddhAntazAstrI, jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha, zolApura, 1938, pR0324 /
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________________ - yatIndrasUri smArakagranya - jaina darzana - 34. dhuvaM ca paDilehejjA jogasA paaykNblN| nizIsUtra, 2/23, uddhRta bhagavatI ArAdhanA, vijayodayA TIkA, sejjamuccArabhUmiM ca saMthAraM aduvaasnn|| gAthA 423, pR0 324. dazavaikAlika, 8/17, navasuttANi, saM0 yuvAcArya mahAprajJa, jaina 41. bhagavatI-ArAdhanA, vijayodayA TIkA, gAthA 423, pR0 324. vizvabhAratI, lADanU~, 1967, pR0 68. 42. bhagavatI-ArAdhanA meM ullikhita prastuta sandarbha vartamAna AcArAMga meM 35. AcArAMga, 1/5/89, saM0 yuvAcArya madhukara muni, Agama prakAzana anupalabdha hai| usameM mAtra sthirAMga muni ke liye eka vastra aura eka samiti, vyaavr| pAtra se adhika rakhane kI anujJA nahIM hai| sambhavataH yaha parivartana 36. (a) esehirimaNe segaM vatthaM vA dhArejja paDilehaNagaM vidiyaM tattha ese paravartI -kAla meM huA hai| jugni dese duve vatthANi dhArijja paDilehaNagaM tdiyN| 43. (a) hirihetukaM va hoi dehadagaMchaMti dehe juggidge| AcArAMga, vastraiSaNA-uddhRta bhagavatI ArAdhanA, vijayodayA TIkA, dhArejja siyA vatthaM parissahANaM ca Na vihaasiiti|| gAthA 423, pR0 324. kalpasUtra se uddhRta-bhagavatI-ArAdhanA, vijayodayA TIkA. gAthA je NiggaMthe taruNe jugavaM balavaM appAyaMke virasaMghayaNe, se ega vatthaM 423, pR0 324. dhArejjA, No bitiyN| prastuta sandarbha upalabdha bRhatkalpasUtra meM prApta nahIM hotA hai| yadyapi -AcAracUlA, dvitIyazrutaskandha, 2/5/1/2, pR0 161 / vastra dhAraNa karane ke ina kAraNoM kA ullekha sthAnAMgasUtra, sthAna 3 37. (a) hirimaNe vA juggide cAvi aNNage vA tassa NaM kappadi vatthAdikaM meM nimna rUpa meM milatA hai- kappati NiggaMthANa vA NiggaMthINa vA pAdacArittae iti| tao vatthAI dhArittae vA pariharittae vA, taMjahA- jaMgie, bhaMgie, - vahI, gAthA 423, pR0 324 // khomie| (ba) je niggaMthe taruNe jugavaM balavaM appAyaMke thirasaMghayaNe, se egaM pAyaM -ThANAMga, 3/345 / dhArejjA, No biiyN| 44. AcArAMga, zIlAMkavRtti, 1/7/4, sUtra, 209, pR0 251 / -AcArAMgasUtra, AcAracUlA, 2/6/1/2 / 45.- (a) bhagavatI-ArAdhanA, vijayodayA TIkA, pR0 325-326. 38. saMvaccharaM sAhiyaM mAsa, jaM Na rikkAsi vatthagaM bhgvN| tulanIya AvazyakacUrNi, bhAga 1, pR0 276. acelae tato cAI, taM vosajja vtthmnngaare|| (ba) AvazyakasUtraM (uttarabhAgaM) cUrNi sahita, RSabhadeva kezarImala -AcArAMga, 1/9/1/4 / zvetAmbara saMsthA, ratalAma, 1929. 39. (a) Na kahejjo dhammakahaM vtthpttaadihedumiti|| 46. bhagavatI-ArAdhanA, vijayodayA TIkA, pR0 326-327, pAlitripiTaka, - sUtrakRtAMga, puMDarIka adhyayana, uddhRta bhagavatI ArAdhanA, kankoDeMnsa, pR0 345. vijayodayA TIkA, gAthA 423, pR0 324. 47. bhagavatI-ArAdhanA, bhAga 1 (vijayodayA TIkA), gAthA 157 kI (ba) No pANassa (pAyassa) heu dhmmmaaikkhejjaa| No vatthassa heuM TIkA, pR0 205. dhmmaaikkhejjaa| - sUtrakRtAGga, 2/1/68, pR0 366. 48. (a) zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNam, strI-muktiprakaraNam 7, sampAdaka 40. (a) kasiNAI vatthakaMbalAiM jo bhikkhU paDiggahidi Apajjadi paM0 zambhunAtha tripAThI, bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, vArANasI, mAsigaM lhugN| 1971, pR0 1 / -- nizIthasUtra, 2/23, uddhRta bhagavatI ArAdhanA, vijayodayA (ba) bRhatkalpasUtra 6/9, sampAdaka madhukara muni, byAvara, 1992 / TIkA, gAthA 423, pR0 324. 49. (a) bRhatkalpasUtra 6/20. (ba) je bhikkhU kasiNAI vatthAI dharati, dharetaM vA saatijjti| (ba) paJcakalpabhASya (AgamasudhAsindhu), 816-822 /