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________________ DA0 kRSNa bihArI mizra hindI patrakAritA : virAsata kI rozanI aura sAmpratika dazA vijJapta tathya hai ki jAtIya abhIpsA kI gatimAna USmA ne patrakAritA ke caritra ko prANa- puSTa bnaayaa| virAsata kI ujjvala sAdhanA yAda AtI hai ki sAmrAjyazAhItopa ke pratirodha meM kriyAzIla aura jayI bhAratIya patrakAritA ne apane samaya kI cunautI kA pUrI zaktimatA se kiyA thA / Adi parva ke patrakAroM kI sAdhanA kA ekAMta lakSya thA sAmrAjyazAhI abhizApa se mukti / isake lie bar3I se bar3I yAtanA jhelane ko ve prastuta rahate the| aura jaba-taba vikaTa AtaMka racane vAlI paristhiti tathA bar3e se bar3e pralobhana unheM Adarzacyuta karane meM viphala rahe mAMDale jela kI yAtanA jhelane vAle tilaka aura apanI gRhasthI ko jIvita rakhane ke lie starahIna paristhiti se Ahata hone vAle paM0 amRtalAla cakravartI kI AsthA niSThA zeSa taka akSata rhii| lokamAnya tilaka ke pUrvavartI, unake samakAlIna samAnadharmA aura unakI Adarza- saraNi se yAtrA karane vAlI paravartI patrakAra pIr3hI ne nijI svArtha ko tAka para rakhakara apanI prAtibha zakti aura jIvana-carcA ko deza ke mukti saMgrAma meM niyojita kara diyA thaa| patrakAritA kI atIta pIr3hI ke kRtI puruSoM ko yaha bodha thA ki patrakAra kI bhUmikA lokanAyaka kI bhUmikA hotI hai| isI viveka aura gurutara bhUmikA se samRddha hai patrakAritA kI virAsata / hIraka jayantI smArikA - AjAdI ke bAda ke jAtIya paridRzya ko dekhakara sahaja hI dhAraNA banatI hai ki sAdhanA saMgharSa kA kAla zeSa ho gayA aura hara kSetra meM kriyAzIla bhoga kI uddhata lIlA hI Aja kI saMskRti hai| mUlya-niSThA aura anuzAsana Agraha ko aprAsaMgika purA rAga mAnakara apanA bhAgya ke lie usake viparIta patha se yAtrA karanA Aja kA cAlU kauzala hai, jisakI siddhi hI siddha hone kA pramANa samajhI jA rahI hai| anuzAsanahInatA kA aMdhar3a aura vilAsapriyatA kI sanakI spaddha dina-dina samRddha hotI jA rahI hai| patrakAritA ke cehare caritra meM AjAdI ke bAda ke pichale dazakoM meM ullekhanIya parivartana AyA hai| pUMjI kA varcasva puSTa huA hai| sAdhanA suvidhA meM abhUtapUrva samRddhi AI hai| apane pada kI gurutA - mahattA se udAsIna Aja kA patrakAra 'deza ke durbhAgya ko apanA durbhAgya' mAnane aura apanI virAsata ke ujjvala adhyAya ko apanA Adarza banAne ko taiyAra nahIM hai| samAja ke dUsare varga ke logoM kI taraha vaha nijI samRddhi aura vilAsa vaibhava meM jIne kI Akula spRhA se Andolita hokara raMgIna rAhoM ghAToM para daur3atA najara A rahA hai| patrakAritA kI vikasita suvidhAoM aura anukUla sAdhanoM kA vidhAyaka dizA meM yadi niyojana nahIM ho rahA hai aura pIr3aka yathArtha hai ki samAja saMskAra kI sajAtIya aura viziSTa bhUmikA se sAmpratika patrakAritA kAphI hada taka virata ho cukI hai, to yaha dhAraNA puSTa hotI hai ki patrakAra ke vyaktitva meM skhalana AyA hai aura patrakAritA kA dhavala dharAtala bar3I tejI se pradUSita ho rahA hai| vartamAna DhAhI ke lakSaNoM ko lakSya kara mUlya bhittika patrakAritA ke purAne puraskartA Asana aMdhakAra ke prati ciMtita the| bAbUrAva viSNu parAr3akara, gaNeza zaMkara vidyArthI aura zivapUjana sahAya ne patrakAra kula kI dhavalatA kA bAra-bAra tIvra Agraha prakaTa kiyA thaa| magara pUMjI ke pratApa ne patrakAritA kI mUlya maryAdA ko burI taraha kSata kara diyaa| vyavasAyavAda hI ekamAtra Adarza bana gyaa| skhalana ko naye muhAvaroM se mahimAnvita karate garvapUrvaka kahA jAne lagA hai ki patrakAritA Aja vyavasAya hai, Adarza kA savAla uThAnA aprAsaMgika rAga TeranA hai| AtmazlAghA ke sAtha aisI ghoSaNA karane vAle nirApada jindagI ke kAyala, Aja ke suvidhAjIvI loga yaha bhUla jAte haiM ki hara vyavasAya kI svataMtra prakRti aura AcAra saMhitA hotI hai| anya vyavasAyoM se bhinna prakRti hotI hai patrakAritA kI isa bhinnatA meM hI usakI viziSTatA aura mahattA hai| magara samAja ke artha sampanna logoM kI taraha upabhoktA saMskRti ko hI apane vilAsonmukha AcaraNa dvArA apanA dharma mAnane vAle Aja ke patrakAra vRtti - viziSTatA ke bodha aura usase jur3e gurutara dAyitva se udAsIna ho gaye haiN| pariNAmataH vyAvasAyika, rAjanItika pralobhanoM kI raMgIna mAyA meM bhaTakanA aura apanI vipathagAmI yAtrA se apane kulagotra ke prati anyathA dhAraNA ko janma denA unakI lAcArI bana gayI hai| cintAzIla jagat ko yaha sthiti unmathita karatI rahatI hai ki jo bhASA sAmAjika-rAjanItika kukarma para belAga TippaNI karatI thI, patrakAra * - - vidvat khaNDa / 16
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________________ kI jo bhUmikA mUlyoM ke saMrakSaNa kA AzvAsana jagAtI thI, vaha Aja ke rAjanItikoM ke AcaraNa kI taraha saMdigdha ho gayI hai| bhASA kI vizvasanIyatA kA TUTa jAnA sAMskRtika saMkaTa kA saMketa hai| patrakAritA rAjanItikoM ke muhAvare kI pratidhvani jAna par3ane lagI hai| purAne patrakAra apane viveka aura samRddha vyaktitva se rAjanIti kA dizA-nirdeza karate the, rAjasattA ke pratipakSa kI bhUmikA meM agraNI the| ve sAmrAjyazAhI nRzaMsatA kA jisa dRr3hatA aura yuyutsu mudrA meM mukAbalA karate the, usI jAgarukatA se, aucitya ke Agraha se, svadezI rAjanetAoM kI cyuti para TippaNI karate unheM saMkoca nahIM hotA thaa| mahAtmA gAMdhI jaise lokanAyaka para bAbUrAva viSNu parAr3akara ne kar3I TippaNI kI thii| Aja ke patrakAra rAjanIti aura rAjasattA kA AnukUlya upalabdha karane ke lie unake muhAvare meM bolane lage haiN| upabhoktA saMskRti ke abhizApa ko lakSya kara rAjanetAoM kI taraha AvAja Terane vAle patrakAra svayaM vyAvasAyika cAkacikya ke prati satRSNa ho gaye haiM aura upabhoktA saMskRti hI inakI saMskRti banatI jA rahI hai| patrakAra buddhijIvI - varga kI usa saraNi ke yAtrI haiM, samAja ke lie jisakI bhUmikA pratyakSa - prabhAvI hotI hai| isalie isa patha ke yAtrI ke liye apekSAkRta adhika jAgarukatA kI jarUrata hotI hai| kiMcita anavadhAnatA loka ke amaMgala kA kAraNa bana sakatI hai| vRndAvana hindI sAhitya sammelana ke avasara para Ayojita prathama patrakAra sammelana ke adhyakSa bAbUrAva viSNuparAr3akara ne patrakAra - kula ko saMbodhita karate hue kahA thA, "patra becane ke lobha meM azlIla samAcAra ko mahatva dekara tathA durAcaraNamUlaka aparAdhoM kA cittAkarSaka varNana kara hama paramAtmA kI dRSTi meM aparAdhiyoM se bhI bar3e aparAdhI Thahara rahe haiM, isa bAta ko kabhI nahIM bhUlanA caahie| aparAdhI ekAdha para atyAcAra karake daNDa pAtA hai aura hama sAre samAja kI ruci bigAr3akara Adara pAnA cAhate haiN|" sAmpratika patrakAritA kI bhASA-mudrA loka-hitaiSI bhUmikA nahIM mAnI jA sktii| samAja kA bhASA - saMskAra patrakAritA kA mahatvapUrNa prayojana hai, jisake prati hindI kI purAnI patrakAra - pIr3hI saceta thii| hindI ke Adi patrakAra paM0 jugalakizora zukla taka meM bhASA zuddhatA kA Agraha aura saMkaratA- sajagatA thii| paravartIkAla meM bhASA-dharAtala kI dhavalatA ke prazna ko lekara patrakAroM ne itihAsa prasiddha vivAda kI sRSTi kI thI, jisakI vidhAyaka upalabdhi thI bhASA smRddhi| Aja apane vyavasAya ke lie loka kA vividha rUpoM meM upayoga karane vAle patrakAra bhASA viSayaka apane gurutara dAyitva ko kadAcita samajha nahIM rahe haiM aura ise apekSita gurutA dene ko taiyAra nahIM haiN| bhASA ke avikasita rUpa aura bhadeza-bhaMgimA ko saMskRta karane kI ora pravRtta na hokara lokapriyatA kA kAyala patrakAra patrakAritA kI pariniSThita bhASA - mudrA ko jAgarUka AyAsa dvArA saMkaratA kI usa paTarI se calAne lagA hai jo bhASA-saMskAra ko cir3hAtI hai tathA kathita janavAda kA kadAcit yaha bhI eka prayojana hai aura bhASA kI adhogAmI yAtrA kSipratara hotI jA rahI hai, jo patrakAroM ke dAyitva se jur3A eka mahatvapUrNa muddA hai| aitihAsika tathya hai ki purAne patrakAra anekamukhI pratikUlatA ke bAvajUda apanI niSThA se apane samaya kI cunautI kA sAmanA karate the| jisa samAja ko ve saMbodhita kara rahe the vaha unakI lar3AI meM sahayAtrI banane ko taiyAra nahIM thaa| usa samAja kA rAjanItika saMskAra avikasita thaa| ajJAna kI kaThora jamIna se unakI AsthA kI lar3AI thii| magara ve usa UMce jAtIya Adarza se preraNA-sphUrta the ki "rAjanIti aura samAjanIti kA saMzodhana jaisA samAcAra patroM se hotA hai, vaisA dUsare upAya se nahIM ho sktaa|" deza-prIti kI isa preraNA se unhoMne patrakAritA kI vikaTa-rAha ko apanI yAtrA ke liye cunA thaa| Aja sthiti pUrI taraha badala gayI hai| patrakAritA kI vikasita suvidhAoM ke AkarSaNa se isa vidhA se, nirApada aura vilAsapUrNa jIvana ke AkAMkSI jur3a rahe haiN| isalie svAbhAvika rUpa meM apane dharma kI buniyAdI AcAra-saMhitA kA bhI unheM dhyAna nahIM rhtaa| vilAsa kI amaryAdita bhUkha aura vyavasAyavAda kI prabhutA ke sAmane niSThA kI rakSA kara pAnA bar3I cunautI hai| Aja isa cunautI kA sahI koNa se sAmanA karane vAle patrakAra virala haiN| pariNAmata: patrakAritA kI svakIya sattA dina-dina niSpratibha ho rahI hai| takanIkI sAdhana-samRddhi loka-maMgala kA nimitta banakara hI sArthaka ho sakatI hai, isa samajha kA tiraskAra kara calane vAle Aja ke adhikatara patrakAra vyavasAya-prabhutA ke sAmane namita ho gaye haiN| kRtI sAhityakAra ajJeya, bhAratI, raghubIrasahAya aura manohara zyAma jozI ne pUMjIpati-pratiSThAna ke samRddha sAdhana kA vidhAyaka upayoga kara apane jAgarUka viveka tathA dakSatA kA pramANa diyA thaa| unameM sampAdaka kI garimA-rakSA kI apekSita sajagatA aura kauzala thaa| 'bhArata' se sambaddha zrI heramba mizra aura 'naI duniyA' tathA 'nava bhArata TAimsa' se jur3e sva0 rAjendra mAthura kI prakhara bhUmikA, AzvAsana ke kSINa AdhAra ke rUpa meM, smaraNIya hai| aura smaraNIya hai pIr3aka tathya vartamAna itihAsa kA ki sattA para baiThI svadezI rAjanIti ne buddhijIviyoM ke sAmane 'ApAtakAla' ke rUpa meM cunautI khar3I kI thI, jo AjAda deza kI patrakAritA ke sAmane sabase bar3I cunautI thI, to bar3e-bar3e aura nAmavara logoM kI gumAnI mudrA mlAna par3a gaI thii| kucheka apavAda rahe haiM, para sAmAnya sthiti yahI rahI hai / ki cunautI kA hara avasara unakI lokahita-vivarjita bhUmikA aura cAritrika daurbalya ko benakAba karatA rahA hai| patrakAroM ko kRtI bhUmikA kA AmaMtraNa dene vAlI svAdhIna bhArata kI aitihAsika ghaTanA thI, svadezI sarakAra ke kuzAsana svecchAcAritA aura dAmbhikatA ke pratirodha meM sakriya jayaprakAza nArAyaNa kA aaNdoln| usa AMdolanake pakSa-samarthana meM kriyAzIla iNDiyana eksapresa pratiSThAna kI bhUmikA AjAda deza kI smaraNIya yuyutsu bhUmikA thii| kucheka laghupatrikA ke udyoktAoM ke prakhara svara ne parAr3akara jI kI raNabherI' jaisI patrikAoM kI yuyutsA-mudrA kI yAda tAjA kara dI thii| hindI patrakAritA kI janmabhUmi kalakattA se prakAzita 'cauraMgI vArtA' aura usake udyoktA DaoN. rAjendra siMha tathA azoka sekasariyA kI bhUmikA jAtIya niSThA aura cAritrya-prerita bhUmikA thii| dUsare pradezoM aura dUsarI bhASAoM meM jAtIya udvelana ke usa aMdhakAra kAla meM samaya hIraka jayantI smArikA vidvat khaNDa / 17
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________________ kI cunautI kA sAmanA karane vAle ullekhanIya Ayojana hue the| bAMglA meM zrI gaura kizora ghoSa kI bhUmikA svadezI AMdolana kAla ke patrakAroM kI udagra mudrA kI yAda tAjA karane vAlI bhUmikA thii| ni:saMdeha svAdhIna deza kI patrakAritA ne sAmAnyajana ko rAjanItika gatividhiyoM ke prati, rAjanItika aparAdhoM ke prati sumukha - saceta banAyA hai| lokatAMtrika zAsana-vyavasthA ke sAtha hI patrakAritA ne logoM ko amaryAdita rUpa se adhikAra sajaga banA diyA hai aura usI parimANa meM saMvedanA aura saMskRti bodha kSata huA hai| patrakAritA kI sAhityika-sAMskRtika bhUmikA behada kamajora huI hai| rAjanIti ke varcasva kA yaha eka zocanIya duSpariNAma hai| 'kalpanA' ke banda hone ke bAda hindI meM Aja vaisI eka bhI sAhityika patrikA nahIM hai, jise hindI ke viveka aura pratibhA kA sahI prastuti-mAdhyama kahA jA ske| 'kRti' 'kakhaga' aura 'yugacetanA' apane samaya kI starIya sAhityika patrikAeM thIM, jinakI yAtrA bahuta choTI thii| 'nayApratIka' ko vAtsyAyanajI pratIka' nahIM banA paaye| paM0 vidyAnivAsa mizra kI 'abhiruci' kI yAtrA kucha aMka ke bAda hI avaruddha ho gyii| 'AlocanA' kI taraha ye bhI prakAzanapratiSThAna kI patrikAeM thiiN| ilAhAbAda se bAlakRSNa rAva ke sampAdana meM prakAzita 'mAdhyama' kA stara aura rUpa-vinyAsa purAnI patrikAoM aura 'kalpanA' jaisA hI samRddha thA, lekina sAmAnya paridRzya ko dekhate hue yahI kahanA par3atA hai ki vijAtIya Adarza se prerita aura zivira - vizeSa se anuzAsita laghu patrikA - AMdolana vaha bhUmikA pUrI nahIM kara sakA, jisakI sahaja apekSA thI aura jise AjAdI ke pUrvavartI sAhityika udyotAoM ke Ayojana ne pUrA kiyA thaa| smaraNIya hai, laghu patrikA hI thI hindI kI prathama patrikA 'udanta mArtaNDa' aura paravartI kAla kI 'ucitavaktA' aura 'nRsiMha' jaisI rAjanItika patrikAeM tathA 'matavAlA' evaM 'haMsa' jaisI asaMkhya sAhityika ptrikaaeN| parAdhInatA kAla ke dainika patroM kI bhI sAhityika bhUmikA mahatvapUrNa thii| isa dRSTi se kAzI ke 'Aja' aura ilAhAbAda ke 'bhArata' kI bhUmikA agraNI thii| Aja vyAvasAyika gharAne ke dainika patroM ke ravivAsarIya aMka meM sAhitya - sAmagrI ke lie alaga. pRSTha jarUra rahatA hai, jo unakA dhana pakSa hai, lekina vicAra ghoSaNA dene vAlI sAmagrI yadAkadA hI dIkha par3atI hai| sAhitya aura vicAra sAmagrI chApane vAle patroM meM 'nava bhArata TAimsa' aura dillI kA 'janasattA' agraNI rahe haiN| isa dRSTi se jayapura, kAzI aura indaura ke dainika patra tathA rAMcI se zrI harivaMza ke sampAdana meM nikalane vAle 'prabhAta khabara' kI sAhitya-sumukhatA ullekhanIya hai| saMvedanA-vikAsa kI jaisI utkaTa AkAMkSA purAne patrakAroM meM thI vaisI Aja hotI to dainika patra se bhI sAhitya-saMskRti kA mahatvapUrNa prayojana eka aMza taka pUrA ho sakatA thaa| 'janasattA'-sampAdaka zrI prabhASa jozI ke sAhitya-kalA para kendrita nibandha, dainika 'prabhAta khabara' kI sampAdakIya TippaNiyoM ke upajIvya aura sAMskRtika saMvedanA, aparAdha bojhila yuga - pravAha ke bIca, kiMcit AzvAsa-bodha jagAtI hai ki sAhitya-saMskRti se patrakAroM kA sarokAra abhI pUrI taraha marA nahIM hai| samprati DaoN. vizvanAtha prasAda tivArI kA 'dastAveja' aura 'akSarA' viziSTa sAhityika laghu patrikAeM haiM, jo sampAdaka kI zivira mukta dRSTi, sampAdana-dakSatA evaM balavatI niSThA ke AdhAra para, kSINa rUpa meM hI sahI, Azvasta karatI haiN| AlocanA', 'abhiruci', 'mAdhyama' aura 'nayA pratIka' se bhinna kakhaga' kI taraha nitAMta nijI udyoga se nikalane vAlI patrikA 'dastAveja' apanI bhUmikA se sampAdaka-udAra-dRSTi kA paricaya detI hai| ziviravAda ke isa aMdhe yuga meM yahI vidhAyaka dRSTi hai aura yahI kAmya hai| smaraNIya hai ki deza kI asmitA-uddhAra kI sahaja cintA se rAjanIti se jur3anA jaba garva kA viSaya mAnA jAtA thA, taba bhI mUlyoM ke pakSadhara patrakAra sAhitya-saMskRti kI svataMtra sattA-mahattA se paricita the, usa dharAtala ko akSata aura puSTa rakhane ke lie sajaga-sakriya rahate the| patrakAritA ke usa mahatvapUrNa AyAma ko sAmpratika sampAdaka-patrakAra adhika samRddha kara sakate the| kintu hIna-sAdha sAdhana-AnukUlya kA bharapUra lAbha nahIM uThA paatii| saMdarbha-vizeSa meM ajJeya ne saTIka TippaNI kI thI, 'mUlataH samasyA vahI hai : eka svAdhIna vyaktitva kA nirmANa, vikAsa aura rkssnn|' vyaktitva-bala ke abhAva meM hI laghu patrikA AMdolana, mukhara dAvA-darpa ke bAvajUda, vaha prabhAva nahIM jagA sakA jo pUrvavartI udyoktAoM kI niSThA ne paidA kiyA thA aura jise itihAsa garvapUrvaka rekhAMkita karatA hai| kaI laghu patrikAoM ne vikalpa-maMca kA saMbhAvanA-saMketa diyA thA, kintu saMbhAvanA kAyade se rUpAyita nahIM ho skii| na kevala hindI balki duniyA kI sArI bhASAoM meM laghu patrikA kI bhUmikA mahatvapUrNa rahI hai| 'mUla meM ve hI saMpAdaka the jinase dhanI ghRNA karate the, zAsaka kruddha rahA karate the aura jo eka paira jela meM rakhakara dharmabuddhi se patra-saMpAdana kiyA karate the| unake parizrama aura kaSTa se patroM kI unnati huI, para unake vaMza kA lopa ho gyaa|vyktigt mahatvAkAMkSA aura zivira-pratibaddha durAgraha ne laghu-patrikA-AMdolana kI apekSita bhUmikA ko, jo udIyamAna pIr3hI ke lie varadAna siddha hotI, kamajora banA diyaa| isa prakAra pUMjI-pratApa ke kuprabhAva aura anAvazyaka rAjanItika dabAva ke pratirodha kA AzvAsana zithila ho gyaa| patrakAritA kI adhogati ko vartamAna durgata samAja kA svAbhAvika pariNAma mAnate pakSa-vizeSa para doSAropaNa karanA kucha jAgarUka logoM ko bhI galata lagatA hai| magara duniyA kA aura Adhunika bhArata kA itihAsa sAkSI hai ki mAnavIya saMvedanA ko kSata karane vAle auddhatya kA apane vyaktitva- bala se patrakAroM-saMpAdakoM tathA vidyAkula ke kRtIpuruSoM ne prakhara pratirodha kiyA thaa| svadharma ke sahaja Agraha se samAja ke adhomukhI pravAha para unhoMne belAga TippaNI kara apane dAyitva-bodha kA pramANa diyA thaa| samAja kI adhogati ko yugadharma mAnakara sAkSI-gopAla bane rahanA yA vilAsa-lIlA kA sahacara bana jAnA vidyA-vyaktitva ke saMdarbha meM lajjAspada hai| yaha korA Adarza vacana nahIM hakIkata hai ki viziSTa rAha ke yAtrI kI jimmedArI gurutara hotI hai aura svAbhAvika hIraka jayantI smArikA vidvat khaNDa / 18
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________________ rUpa meM auroM kI apekSA usakI tapasyA bar3I hotI hai| patrakAra aura dUsare buddhijIvI dUsare varga kI bhoga-saMsakta jIvana-caryA ko hI apanA Adarza mAna leM to phira mUlyoM kI surakSA kA AzvAsana kyA raha jAegA? hara kAla meM bauddhika varga kI bhUmikA pratipakSa kI bhUmikA rahI hai| isI varga ne apane samaya kI cunautI-vAhinI kA apanI manISA aura dhavala caritra se mukAbalA kiyA hai, sAMskRtika sustI ke kAla meM naye caitanya kI racanA kI hai| isI viziSTa bhUmikA kI Aja apekSA hai| dhavala-caritra hI samAja kI apekSA pUrI kara sakatA hai| aura kRtI-puruSa AtmAvalocana ko vikAsa kI anivArya zarta mAnate haiN| apanI prAtibha-sAdhanA dvArA hindI patrakAritA ko viziSTa dharAtala para pratiSThita karane vAle ajJeya ne gahare mamatva ke sAtha sAmpratika patrakAritA-paridRzya para AtmAvalocana kI zailI meM vicAra kiyA thaa| zubha ciMtA ke Avega meM pIr3ita hokara ajJeya ne TippaNI kI thI, jo patrakAritA ke dharma se jur3e bandhuoM ke liye dhyAtavya hai, "hindI patrakAritA ke Arambha ke yuga meM hamAre patrakAroM kI jo pratiSThA thI vaha Aja nahIM hai| sAdhAraNa rUpa se to yaha bAta kahI jA hI sakatI hai, apavAda khojane caleM to bhI yahI pAveMge ki Aja kA eka bhI patrakAra, sampAdaka vaha sammAna nahIM pAtA jo ki paccAsa-paccahattara varSa pahale ke adhikatara patrakAroM ko prApta thaa| Aja ke sampAdaka, patrakAra agara isa aMtara para vicAra kareM to svIkAra karane ko bAdhya hoMge ki ve na kevala kama sammAna pAte haiM, balki kama sammAna ke pAtra haiM yA kadAcit sammAna ke pAtra bilkula nahIM haiN| jo pAte haiM vaha pAtratA se nahIM, itara kAraNoM se| apratiSThA kA pramukha kAraNa yaha hai ki unake pAsa mAnadaMDa nahIM hai| yahI harizcandra kAlIna sampAdaka-patrakAra yA utanI dUra na jAveM to mahAvIra prasAda dvivedI kA samakAlIna bhI hama se acchA thaa| unake pAsa mAnadaMDa the, naitika AdhAra the aura spaSTa naitika uddezya bhii| unameM se koI aise bhI the jinake vicAroM ko hama dakiyAnUsI kahate, to bhI unakA sammAna karane ko hama bAdhya hote the, kyoMki spaSTa naitika AdhAra pAkara ve una para amala karate the - ve caritravAna the| Aja vicAra kSetra meM hama agragAmI bhI kahalA leM to karma ke naitika AdhAroM kI anupasthiti meM nijI rUpa se hama caritrahIna hI haiM aura sammAna ke pAtra nahIM hai|" patrakAra-kula ke prakhyAta kRtI puruSa kI tIkhI TippaNI uddhRta karane kI merI lAcArI, AzA hai, kSamya samajhI jaaegii| patrakAra ke rASTrIya dAyitva-bodha para vicAra karate 'pratApa' sampAdaka gaNeza zaMkara vidyArthI ne jo bAta kahI thI, Aja ke zrIhIna saMdarbha meM anAyAsa yAda AtI hai| apane samAnadharmA patrakAroM ko unake gurutara jAtIya dAyitva ke prati saceta karane san 1930 meM gaNezazaMkara vidyArthI ne likhA thA, "paise kA moha aura bala kI tRSNA bhAratavarSa ke kisI bhI naye patrakAra ko UMce AcaraNa ke pavitra Adarza se bahakane na de|" hindI ke samAcAra patra bhI unnati ke rAjamArga para Age bar3ha rahe haiN| maiM hRdaya se cAhatA hUM ki unakI unnati udhara ho yA na ho, kintu kama-se-kama AcaraNa ke kSetra meM pIche na htteN| mUlyoM ke pakSadhara kisI bhI jAgaruka vyakti kI yaha nyUnatama apekSA ho sakatI hai| isa apekSA ke prati sumukha-saceta hokara hI patrakAra apane dAyitva kA nirvAha kara sakate haiM, apanI ujjvala virAsata ko samRddhatara kara sakate haiN| 7-bI, harimohana rAya lena, kalakattA - 700 015 hIraka jayantI smArikA vidvat khaNDa / 19