Higher Education and Research in Prakrits and Jainology

Author(s): Gokulchandra Jain
Publisher: Sampurnanda Vishva Vidyalaya Varanasi
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/011045/1

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HIGHER EDUCATION AND RESEARCH IN PRAKRITS & JAINOLOGY IN THE UNIVERSITIES OF INDIA Dr. GOKUL CHANDRA JAIN! Jlcad of the Department of Prakrit of Jainagama Facully of sramanavidya Sampurnanand Sanskrit Vishvavidyalaya Varanasi 7. FY 20:30 svih nd SAMPURNANAND SANSKRIT VISHVAVIDYALAYA VARANASI 1983 Offprint : Sankaya Ptrika 1, Sramanavidya Vol. 1

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HIGHER EDUCATION AND RESEARCH in PRAKRITS & JAINOLOGY in the Universities of India DR. GOKUL CHANDRA JAIN Introductory Higher Studics and research in Prakrits and Jainology are acting scholars and students gradually. The occurrence is a natural process, and is quite consistent to the changing trends in the development of human knowledge, civilization and culture. During about last two centuries studious efforts of a band of scholars, Western and Eastern both, have brought to light the hidden treasures of Prakrits and Jainology, the cultural heritage of immense importance. Survey reports of ancient manuscripts, epigraphic records, archaeolo. gical excavations, philological researches of old, middle and new IndoAryan langu.iges, compartive and cultural studies of religion, Philosophy and allied disciplines in humanities and social sciences, historical survey and many other esforis have brought to light abundant material, informations and plentiful literature written in various Prakrits viz Sauraseni, Magadhi, Ardhamagadhi, Maharastri, etc., and also in Sanskrit, Apabhramsa, Old Kannada, Tamil, Gujarati, Rujasthani and so on. Pubicaltion of cpigraphical records, archacological reports, as also those on art, sculp: tures, architecture etc. have widened the scope. Scholars found a broad area of learning absolutely unexplored. The first regular notice of Jainism to Western scholars appcars to be the one published by Lieut. Wilfred in the Asiatic Researches in 1799, and the contemporary existence of monuments, literature and adherent of Jainism was first brought to light by Col. Colin Mackenzie and Dr. Buchanan Hamilton in 1807, followed by H. T. Colcbrooke's 'Observation on the Jainas'. A host of savants worked in the field, most notable among them are Albrecht Weber, Leumann, Rice, Fleet, Guerinot Wilson, Pischel, Jacobi,

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( 2 ) Buhler, Hoernle, Hertel, Burgess, Jarl Charpentier, Vincent Smith, F., W. Thomas, Schubring, Zimmer etc, When researches started in India many earnest scholars worked in different branches of Jainology, edited many ancient texts in various Prakrits, Sanskrit, Apabhramsa, Kannada, Tamil, Gujarati, Rajasthani etc. The monumental work of Prof. Maurice Winternitz, A History of Indian Literature in two volumes, was published in the first quarter of present century. In the 2nd volume he writes, "The Jainas bave extended their activities beyond the sphere of their own religious literature to a far greater extent than the Buddhists have done, and they have memorable achievements in the secular science to their credit, in philosophy, grammar, lexicography, poetics, mathematics, astronomy and astrology and even in the science of politics. In one way or the other there is always some connection even of these 'profane' works with religion. In southern India the Jainas bave also rendered services in developing the Dravidian languages, Tamil and Telugu and specially the Kanarese literary languages. They have, besides, written a considerable amount in Gujarati, Hindi and Marwari. Thus we see that they occupy no mean position in the history of Indian literature and Indian thought." pp. 594-95). This observation comes from one of the greatest historians of Indian literature, and has special significance. A landmark in the History of Prakrit Grammar and study of Indian Literature as a whole 'Grammatic der Prakrit-Sprachen' by Dr. Richard Pischel appeared in 1900. Critical editions of a number of Prakrit texts. including Prakrit Grammar and other important Sanskrit and Apabhramsa works, had already been published by that time. Manuscripts became accessible to scholars. Studies of Prakrits and Jainology in the universities of India were introduced with the establishment of Departments of Indology or the Departments of Classical languages which included the study of Sanskrit, Pali, Prakrit and Apaohramsa. Even professors of Hindi became wellversed in these languages and introduced Apabhramsa in the Department of Hindi knowing its importance for the study of modern Indo-Aryan Languages. A good deal of work in Pali, Prakrit and Apabhramsa had been done by the professors of Sanskrit. Unfortunately the spirit and

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(B) scholarship of studying classical languages as a whole decreased, and as a result the study of Pali and Prakrit suffered a great setback. Now when the scope of higher studies and research in many other areas of Indology has almost exhausted for free hand work, the attention of scholars and students is again diverted towards Prakrits and Jainological studies. They find a milch-cow in it. Even a little effort in any branch of these studies is found sufficient for a doctoral dissertation. A scholar working on any branch of Prakrits or Jainology earns a feather to his cap without taking much pain for intensive study. Survey of Jainological Studies The first survey of Jainological studies as an independent faculty appears to be the one by A. Guerinot 'Essai De Bibliography Jaina' (Paris 1906). C. L. Jain's 'Jaina Bibliography' was published in 1945 (first edition Calcutta, revised edition Delhi, 1982). From the bibliographical point of Jainological Manuscripts Jinaratna-kos' by H. D. Velankar (Poona 1944) has proved to be of immense importance. A good number of catalogues have appeared in years following. Information regarding published Jaina literature is not confined to the books on the History of Jaina Literature. In addition, many booklets, brochures and literary studies also provide important related materials. With the increasing interest in the studies of Prakrits and Jainology, particularly for doctoral dissertations, the need of above bibliographies increased. Along with that a list of bibliographical informations of doctoral dissertations already approved and in progress was badly felt. My association with academicians on one side and with students on the other brought for me many such information. Finally when I found it difficult to attend to individual enquiry, I tried to make some survey for the purpose and gradually published the reports. During last three 'Five-years Plans', I have made more than three surveys of Prakrit and Jainalogical studies, publications and some other aspects related to it. The reports have been published as per details given below,

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1. Jnanapilha Patrika October 1959, special issue published on the occasion of All-India Oriental Confere:ce, 24th cussia, Varanaseza Sanskrit Vishvavidyalaya, Varanasi (Bharatiya Jiznzpitha, Varanasi). 2. Jfrangpisha Patrika October 1959, secial issuo publish:d on the occasion of the Silver Jubilee 5.35:02 of 4 il-1..dia Oriertel Confcrcoce, Jadavpur University, Calcutta (Praratiya Jranzisha, Vararasi). 3. Dhogaran alazira & His ilerilane Decemr, 1973, on inc occasion of the first All India Conference 0182niso on the eye of 259: Sirina Anniversary of Biagaan Mahavira, Vizas Bharan, Nox Dsipi (Jair biogicz: R earch Society, Delhi). 4. Jairo'ngical Rescarches (in the universities of India and abroad) publiened on in occasion of the Sumer school for jaisoisgical Research', University of Delhi, May June 1974 (JRS Balisiin 20.7;. 5. Gundiram October 1981 (Sampurnanand Sanskrit Vistvavidyalaya, Varanasijs spscal issue pailahcd 92 th: 0.1on of 5: In:ernational Sanskrit Colference acid 2: 3232:23 Hindu University, Varanasi, These reports prored 10 oz of immensa help to ses archers and super1975 in the Usirersities. Some of the Journals reproduced th:m. hion with 12.present report a classified Bibliography of Doctoral Dis:ctns 10 Jain2 2013 Buddhist Studies is coing published by PV. Poroch ostituta, Varanasi (P. V. Series 10.30, Varanasi, 1983). Di. S2z28572l Jain. 273 Di. Arsa Pratap Singh have ciassified the cries in their 0% way undertit; 170 h 20. By:h these reports supplement each oises. asciation of Indian Cniversities, en Delhi, has published Dicography of Doctoral D.staticos". A Fortnightly: Chronicle of Highet Education and Peach 'Unrersity Mens' is published by the Association 20:215. 55. guiceiirestare alco been published by the commission as >lla ti Satirsi.al Councils. These pubications are very heipful for higher ediation and insearch iu Piekriis ad Jaingio y too.

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Developments With the incrcasing interest in higher cducation and rescarch in Prakrits and Jainology many new developments have been made during later half of the present century. Some areas of higher studies and research have been clearly located. It has been realised that Prakrits and Jainology havc vast scope for interdisciplinary studies in many branches of Humanitics and Social Sciences. As already stated above, scholars have detected materials of high importance relating to natural sciences and life-sciences 100. Works on Physics, Mathematics, Astronomy, Astrology have been done. A brief account of the development will be helpful for perspective planning, and to the rescarcher interested in this Faculty of learning. The role of Seminars, Confernces, Summer-schools, Workshops etc in focussing the importance of Prakrits and Jainology proved to be of great signficance. Sessions of All-India Oriental Conference and introduction of an independent section of Prakrit and Jainism' in it, is of historical importance. Right down from the Kashmir valley session (1961) to the Gauhati session in Assam and the Silver Jubilee Session (1969) at Jadavpur, West Bengal, wc can see the increase in the number of participants in the Section of Prakrit and Jainism. To my pleasure, I had the opportunity to attend all these sessions. Further incrcase could be seen in the latest session at Jaipur (1982). U. G. C. Seminars' organ:scd at the Shivaji University, Kolhapur (1968), University of Poona (1969), Magadh University, Bodhgaya, University of Udaipur (1973), Gujarat University, Ahemdabad (1973) and Sampurnanand Sanskrit Vishwavidalaya, Varanasi (1981) proved to be of greater values. Seminars at Ujjain, Mysore and Patiala also deserve mention. Among other academic organisations the role of Jainological Research Socisty deserves special mention. The first Summer School at Saugor (M. P.) in 1969 and the first National Conference at Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi in 1973, were most significant. Sessions of Jaina Darshan Parishad and some other academic societies helped in bringing together scholars, ascetics and house-holders who could work for these studies. The recommendations of the U. G. C. Seminars mentioned ahove drew attention of the commission, and the universities were asked if they

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( } were interested in undertaking any of the programmes, research projects recommended by the Seminars. On the part of the universities, it was very unfortunate that very little could be achieved. Endowment Chairs Endowment chairs for Jainological Studies have been instituted in some of the Universities of India. The earliest chair, which I could detect, was instituted in the year 1930 at Banaras Hindu University. In the subsequent years following chairs, departments have been instituted: 1. Department of Jainology and Prakrits, Mysore University, Mysore. 2. Jaina Chair, Department of Philosophy, University of Poona. 3. Department of Jainology and Prakrits, University of Udaipur. 4. 5. Centre of Jaina Studies, Rajasthan University, Jaipur. Mahavira Chair, Punjabi University, Patiala. 6. Department of Jainology, Karnatak University, Charnar. Some more chairs are being instituted at Madras, Bangalore etc. University Departments Some of the Departments of classical languages established in the Universities of India and now mostly known as the Department of Sanskrit continue to be the centres for Prakrits and Jainological Studies. Out of these special mention may be made of Delhi University, Banaras Hindu University and Allahabad University. Some of the Departments which have been developed into two departments, also continue to enrol research scholars for Doctoral research. Nagpur and Gujarat University may be mentioned. In Bombay, Poona and Kolhapur Prakrit studies were introduced in the first quarter of the present century. Prof. P. L. Vaidya writes-"It came

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lo) to be prominently studisd in Indian Universitics sincc 1924-25 when Ardhamagadhi was recognised as one of the classical languages for study, first at the University stage, and later at the matriculation stage." (Prakrit Seminar, Kolhapur, 1968). For many years Malarastra as a whole liad been a most important centre for Prakrit and Jainological studies. But now it is declining. The same is the position of Calcutta, the renowned University of West Bengal. Sampurnanand Sanskrit Vishwavidyalaya, Varanasi stands at present at the top, as two independent Departments for Prakrit and Jainological studies have been started without the help of any endowment. The names of the Departments arc as follows, 1. Department of Prakrit and Jainagama, and 2. Department of Jaina Darshana, both in the Faculty of Sramana-vidya. Two indepcodent courses of studies from higher secondary to PostGraduate studies have been introduced. The University provides facilities for higher education and Doctoral & Post-Doctoral rescarch. Other courses of studies are carried in the affiliated Vidyalayas and Mahavidyalayas for which the University takes examinations. Introduction of these studies in a university of traditional learning, has widencd the scope, and the neglected traditional Parliasalas and Vidyalayas, which build the back-bone of such studies, received duc recognition. Still much is to be done in the field. Among the endowment chairs and departmens, Mysore and Udaipur are well-planned and developing speedily. Others are yet to focus their image. The oldest endowment chair at Banaras Hindu University had suffered a very unfortunate setback during the gradation of Teachers in duc course. It is now a Lecturer's post in the Faculty of Oriental Learning and Theology. A fifty-five years, old infant is being survived by spoon-feeding. Research Institutes Some Institutions affiliated to or recognised by the University as centre for Jainological studies, have been established during last few decades. Mention may be made to the following,

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1. Research Institute of Prakrit, Jainology and Ahimsa, (Bihar), Vaishali, 1955. 2. P. V. Research Institute, Varanasi (U.P.). 3. L. D. Institute of Indology, Ahmedabad (Gujarat), 1957. 4. Jaipa Vishwa Bharati, Ladnun (Rajasthan). 5. Shri Devkumar Jain Oriental Research Institute, Arrab (Bihar). 6. B. L. Iostitute of Indology, Patan (Gujarat). 7. Anekanta Sodhapitba, Bahubali (Kolbapur). Among the institutes mentioned above the serial number itself denotes the priority. Revival of Prakrit and Jainological studies at University level started with the establishment of the "Research Institute of Prakrit, Jainology and Abinsa" at Vaishali, by the Goveroment of Bibar, in the year 1955. The founder Director Late Dr. Hiralal Jain laid down a solid foundation and introduced Post-Graduate studies in Prakrit and Jaipology and Doctoral and Post-Doctoral research. The scholars engaged in the organisational work of Prakrit and Jainological studies and holding high positions in Bibar, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh, belong tos bis vidya-raisa. Almost all the Doctoral dissertations approved by the University of Bihar have been prepared under the auspices of this institute. Late Dr. Nemichandra Shastri's contribution for the extension of these siudies in Bihar is of historical importance. Almost all the Doctoral Dissertations approved by Magadh University were prepared under bis guidance and supervision. He made Arrah a centre of Prakrit and Jainological studies. The credit of continuing the spirit of his predecessors goes to Dr. Rajaram Jain who is constantly working on the same line. At present the Jaina Siddharta Bhawana is a recognised centre for Jainological research as 'Shri Devkumar Jain Oriental Research Institute', and P. G. teaching in Prakrit have been started in H. D. Jaina College, Arrah. Parsvanatha Vidyasrama, now better known as P. V. Research Institute, deserves special credit for giving impetus to Prakrit and Jainological s udies at Varanasi. The sostitute provides maximum possible facilities to research scholars, perhaps more than any University may provide. Established in :937 adjoing the campus of Banaras Hindu Univer

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( ) sity, the Institute had been trying its level best to promote Jainological studies. First Research scholar who enjoyed full facilities including sellowship at the institute was awarded Ph. D. in 1952 by Baparas Hindu University. It continued its mission even when it was not recognised by the University as a centre. Almost all the researchers who have been awarded Doctoral Degrees by B. H. U. in any subject relating to Jainology have been benefitted by P. V. R. Instituto directly or indirectly. At present, Varanasi is the most facilitating centre for Jainological research, and here too P. V. R. I. is the most. It is now recognised as a centre for Jainological research by Banaras Hindu University. L. D. Institute of Indology, Ahmedabad is recognised by Gujarat University and has developed as an important centre for Indological research in general and Jainological research in particular in the state of Gujarat. In Rajasthan mention of Udaipur University has been made above. Among institutes, Jaina Vishwa Bharati, Ladaun has been recognised by Rajasthan University. Other institutions are gradually coming up. Even an independent university is proposed at Jalgaon (Maharashtra). These institutes still need competent leadership for planning the research, a team of devoted scholars and assistants, and potential financial backup. If these institutes and the University Departments work in co-ordination, and in well-planned directions, the achievements will prove of extra-ordinary importance in the field of Advanced studies in the cultural heritage of India. The role of some individual scholars-traditional as well as associated with the university, have been more than that of an institution. Their untiring efforts and devotion for the advancement of Jainological studies are of historical importance. Names of some European and Indian scholars have been mentioned above. In this connection contributions of late Pt. Nathuram Premi, Pt. Jugalkishore Mukhtar, Pt. Sukblal Sanghvi, Pt. Mahendra Kumar Nyayacarya, Pt. Bechardas Doshi, Muni Puoya-Vijay, Muni Jinvijay. Dr. P. L. Vaidya and Dr. A. N. Upadhye deserve special mention. The founders of various publication series and the traditional Pandits who brought to light many ancient texts have laid down the solid foundation of Jainological studies.

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(? ) Observations During later half of the present century manifold developments in the field of higher studies and research have taken place. Trends of Tescarch have changed. National Policy of higher cducation has been revised. New pattern of higher studies has been established. Methodology has quiic developed. The University Grants Commission publishes regularly a "Joilrnal of Higher Education. On the basis of my survey reports and close association with above devclopments, I have analysed the studies in Prakrits and Jainology and could detect some conclusions and observations. Following points may prove bcneficial for perspective planning of higher studies and research in Prakrits and Jainology. Universitywise details of doctoral desscrtations approved and in progress arc appended for ready reference. 1. During last five decades more than five hundred Doctoral Dissertations on different aspects of Jainology and Prakrits have been approved by various universitics. At present hundreds of rescarch scholars arc found registered. 2. A good number of Dissertations have been publi: hed and avai. labic for reference, 3. Close observations of the titles of Dissertations unpublished, disclosc manifold significance helping to detect some important featurcs. Individual title can be well utilised for undertaking further research work, 4. Researches in Jainology and Prakrits cover a wide range of subjects of Humanities and Social Sciences Some attempts have been made to cxplore natural and life sciences as well. These can be well classificd subjcctwise and broadly cnumcrated in the light of the recent trends and National Policy of Higher Education and rescarch referred to above. 5. Most of the rescarches have been conducted on Interdisciplinary basis, and cither comparative or descriptive is not analytical. 6. Mostly now arcas of researches have been investigated. 7. It is surprising to note that these rescarches have been undertaken and conducted successfully even when no U.G.C. Professorship of Jainology and Prakrits was provided to any university of India, Central as well as Statcs,

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H . 8. In nonc of the universitics thc U.G.C., 1s (created a Department of Jainology and Prakrits. 9. Researches ha:c been generally conducted under var US Departs nents of the Universitics, like, (a) Department of Classical languages, (b) Department of Ancient Indian History, Culture & Archacology, (c) Department of Philosophy, (d) Department of History of Art and Architecture, (e) Department of Hindi, and (f) Department of Sociology. Credit of the rescarch works completed and in progress goes to individual tcachers and the Departments with which thcy arc associated. 10. Some of the universitics which do not have any teaching Department and are the asiliating bodies, have awarded morc Doctorate degrees than others. 11. Some of the universities which have been started recently have awarded the highest degree. 12. A close look in the researches so far conducted in Prakrits and Jainology give a clear idea of the arcas covered and the fields explored. In the light of the recent trends and classified research priorities prepared by U.G.C. Panels and ICSSR, thc rcscarches conducted in Prakrits and Jainology could be broadly classified as follows, 1. Language i) Classical languages : Prakrits, Sanskrit, Apabhramsa. ii) Regional languages : Tamil, Kannada, Gujarali, Rujasthani, Maithili, Hindi ctc. 2. Literature agama and Agamic literature, Puranas, narrative literature, Grammar, Drama, and Dramaturgy, poctics and literary criticism, cvolution of literature, critical editing of ancient classical texts. 3. Lnguistics. 4. Philosophy and Religious Studies. 5. Inscriptions, Epigraphy. 6. History, Art and Culture.

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7. Sociology, Schools and Sects. 8 Political Science. 9. Education. 10. Economics and Commerce. 11. Psychology. 12. Geographi'. 13. Mathematics, 14. Astronomy, Astrology. 13. If one goes through the bibliographical details further closely, and one who has already seen ihe published dissertations, he can asses the intensity of carlier and later dissertations. It can obviously bc concluded that carlier rescarches were comparative, intensive and of high standard. But there is a gradual fall in quality with the increasing quantity. Though this gradual fall of standard could be seen in almost all the subjects of Humanities and Social Scieoces due to rush and hurry for degree, yet some other reasons should not be ignored. 14. There is no co-ordination in the research-work conducted or being carried out at presint. Simutaneously the research work is being done on the same subject, same theme and on same lines. It clearly indicates that the researcher, the cuservisor and the members of the Research committes arc riot avare of the works already done and being carried out. Even in many cases the works published are not noticed before registration. The bibl ographics and Journals which must be seen before undertaking the research work, are not consulted. 15. Lack of proper facilities on the part of the university and lack of traditional back-ground, hurry for the Doctorato Degree and negligence of the responsibility undertaken on the part of researchers and sometimes of supervisors too are some of the important factors for the decline of the standard. Role of University Grants Commission 1. It is css the part of the University Grants Commission to provide guidelines for Perspective Planning of Higher Education and Research in Jainolozy and Prakrits. more important it is, because Higher Education and Research in Juinology and Prakriis are yet to be properly introdued and organised in the universities.

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2. As Jaipology and Prakrits have most unexplored and wide scope, and fertility of the new areas for Interdisciplinary studies and research, it deserves special attention and incentive on the part of the University Grapto Commission as well as the universites. 3. It is surprising, rather unfortunate that no full-fledged Department with adequate staff and proper facilities, has yet been created by the Commission for the study of Prakrits and Jainology in any University of India. 4. The unfortunate incidents of converting the junior teaching posts of Prakrit into other discipline, have been noticed since Fourth Five Years Plan and need not to be mentioned here. But it is the duty of the University concerned to avoid such malpractice. The commission also needs to see into the matter. Recommendations The discussions and deliberations of the seminars and conferences held during last three decades brought out with great clarity the main objectives of Higher Education and Rescarch in Prakrits and Jainology. The ways, along which these studies ought to develop in our academic institutions, have been suggested. The importance and cultural value of the studies in their varied aspects have been clearly magnified. On the basis of the sccommendations of the seminars some aspects of Perspective Planning could be suggested. The Prakrit Languages form an essential link between the old IndoAryan and the ancient civilisation embodied in it and the New Indo. Aryan and the modern culture of the country. They form the very backbone of linguistic studies in our country, and contribute equally to the better understanding of both Sanskrit on the one side and Modern Aryan and Dravidian languages on the other. The necessity of cultivating more intensely the study of Apabhramsa for a praper historical appreciation of Modern Indian languages, and to grasp their essential unity, is beyond dispute. Prakrits have also played their part in linking India with its ncighbouring countries in its cultural expansion, and their studies are expected to renew these ties with the nations of South-East Asia and strengthen them,

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Prakrit literature, uoparalled in iis vast extent and astonishingly of varied interest, forms ac integral part of it. Accient and the Medieval heritage of the coustry and stands on czual sog.isg with Sanskrii and Pali studies, Prakrit studies should b: takea to include all the Middle Indo-Aryan Languages iccluding Niya and ihe :o called Gzedbari Prakrits to give them a broader 2nd deeper perspective. It has been clearly located and icerified by a band of scholars that the origins and growth of almost all the modern Indian languages are intimately connected with the Piakrits, and thai the knowledge of Prakrits is quite essential for the proper understanding and efficient development of the differeni regional languages of both ine indo-Aryan and the Dravidian families, wbich are bound to play a far more central role in the academic life of the coudiry in the cars to come. Jo this connectioz scholars have pointedly drawn the attentio) to the importanz and value of the Apahians? 121guages and literature which coss.itate their immediate precursors. Along wita the oina: Fell-kno7n aspects of tie Prakrit 1202u2gcs as a whole, ihe Apabhrams2 stands in urgent need of an intensive and careful study. In jem of the importance and s2lue of Higher Eduziion 20d Research in Prakrits and Jaipology ihe objective should os formulated in the light of recent treacs of research ani Rational Policy. Prakrits azd Jaipolozy cover a duch wider sphere than they are sometimes understood and misreprescated by some scholars for their own Teasons. The latest Polic Frame formuizied by University Grants Commission most appropriately apply to these siudies, because toe basic object of Pszkriis and Juicolozz is to promote hum20 values acd cultural heritage of the people. Higser Education Higher Educ:ion in Prakrits 201 Jainology has yet to be planed in the light of the linguistic and cultural values of these studies. They must ce brougat in closer relation to iaciode all the middle Indo-Aryza diziects on one hani 28a regiotal 129guages on toe oicer. Jairological studies in particular should be broagai ia closer reiziion to the other subjects of Humanities 20i Social Sciences like Pailosophy, Reiigioas Siudies, Accient Iodizo History, Culture and Archaeology, History of

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( 15 ) Art, Sociology, Political Science, Education, Economics, Psychology and others. 1. Post-Graduate Studies In view of the above disciplines the course of studies at Post-Graduate level should be planned very carefully to suit the subjects. Thus the course of studies should be of two types. To specify, (a) A full course to cover all the semesters or Previous and Final Examinations, whatsoever may be. This course of studies should be of specialised nature leading to research in the field. Without such specialised study, the culturally useful aspects of the subject cannot be brought out. To bring in the uniformity the existing courses of Ardhamagadhi, Prakrit and Jainology, as they are put in different universities like Bombay, Bihar, Magadh, Udaipur, Mysore, Karnataka, Varanasi etc. descarve to be throughly revised. (b) Another course of studies should be a bit of general nature, and of Two and Four papers to be offered in final Examination. Two papers course should be introduced in the subjects where provision for writing a dissertation in lieu of papers exists. Four papers course may be introduced in the Departments of Classical languages, Modern Indian languages, Department of Linguistics and in the Department of Philosophy, Religious Studies, Ancient Indian History, Culture and Archaeology. Such course of studies should be introduced with the object to promote Inter-disciplinary studies which would remove barriers between Departments, and promote greater academic co-operation between them. These courses should essentially be conducted under the supervision and guidence of the Department of Prakrits and Jainology so as to achieve the desired results. 2. Under-Graduate Studies The course of studies at Under-Graduate level needs to be introduced with a view to provide potential background for higher studies in the discipline. As such 'Prakrit and Jainology' should be introduced as an independent optional subject at Uuder-Graduate level, and the course of studies should be drawn accordingly. Keeping the importance of the subject, it should not be mixed up with any other subject of study, but at

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( 16 ) the same time the course contents should be enriched, and should not be confined to a very limited scope, Research and Research Projects 1. It is necessary that preference is given to new subjects for Doctoral dissertation and research programmes rather than repeating out. Such an researches on topics which have been already worked approach alone will contribute to an all round enrichment and step up the progress of Indian studies. 2. To prepare critical editions of ancient texts should be given top priorities for the above mentioned research works. In this connection it should be borne in mind that editing some works can be undertaken on individual initiative but some of the works can be undertaken by a team of earnest scholars and experts of the subjects, critical edition needs to be critical in real sense evaluating entire value of the text, and not merely a reproduction of manuscript. 3. The topics for Doctoral and Post-Doctoral dissertation should be specific and well-defined. The discipline and the area of the topic should be decided at its initial stage. An illustrative list of research priorities bas been published by University Grants Commission and Indian Council of Social Science Research and other Councils. 4. As studies and researches in Prakrits and Jainology are at the stage of reorganisation, more specific and detailed illustrative list is an immediate need which can be met out only after a series of workshops for reorientation and perspective planning of Higher Education and Research in Prakrits and Jainology. 5. To prepare source material from ancient texts for Inter-disciplinary research is an urgent requirement essentially in the fitness of the recent trends in research in Humanities and Social Sciences as well as National Policy. For such a work of crucial importance for evaluating the real value and significant features of the cultural Heritage of India, an exhaustive list of topics has to be prepared. Then the works can be undertaken by an individual for Doctoral dissertation and by a team of research experts for research programme. 6. Topics for Doctoral dissertation in Jainology should be selected from the concepts, theories and ideals formulated by the great Prophats

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( 17 ) and Acaryas of Jaina Sramana Tradition for human welfare and total development of personality, after constant experiments during last three thousand years or even more on life and matter in Socio-Cultural develop. ment. There is plentiful such material which is the heart of Jainology. Merely narrating the tales and putting the things from one vessel to another should be discouraged. Such research works merely lower the value and importance of Jainological researches. Major Research Projects Basides the research projects mentioned above some major research projects have been suggested in the Seminars as 'essential research projects', They can be enumerated as follows, 1. An intersive survey of Prakrit, Sanskrit and Apabhramsa manuscripts pertaining to the studies of Prakrits and Jainology, and their scientific cataloguing. 2. Historical and descriptive grammars of the different Prakrit dialects including the inscriptional Prakrits on an uniform plan. 3. A comprehensive History of Prakrit and Jainological literature. 4. A Middle Indo-Aryan Dictionary on historical principles based on all the available Prakrit and Apabhramsa works. 5. An authoritative Encyclopaedia of Prakrits and Jainology. 6. A comprehensive Bibliography of Prakrits and Jainological studies. 7. Monographs on important cultural aspects prominently represented in Prakrit and Jainological Literature, and can be potentially helpful for Inter-disciplinary studies. Promotion of Prakrit and Jainological Studies To achieve the above-mentioned aims and to promote the Higher Education and Research in Prakrits and Jainology at the university stage, the Seminars have made some suggestions and indicated the procedure which the universities and the University Grants Commission should adopt as the practical steps. 1. It is important to set up full-fledged Departments of Prakrits and Jainology in a couple of universities which may be found 2

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cuitable for the purpose, and setting up of at least an Iostitute or Centre of Advanced studies ia Prakrits and Jajaology to undertake and co-ordinate research work in the field, 2. Existing Departments of Jaipology od Prakrits may be streng. thened and equipped with suficient stafi ard oiber facilit es required to fulfil the desired Inter-disciplinary teaching and research. 3. In view of tte importance of the subject, and its initial stage, adequate specific Scholarships 2t Post-Graduate level and Fellowships for M. Phil and Doctoral research, and research Grants for minor and major research projects should be provided. 4. Seminars, symposia, workshops, summer schools, short term Institutes, Conferences should be regularly organised at regional and all India level at suitable universities. Undesirable developments to be restricted The seminars have painfully recorded some undesirable developmeats shich would ultimally result in National loss of Cultural Haritage, and iherefore, desi to be stopped at this very stage. It is well-known and as undisputable fact that classical lansuages of Iodia have close tie and require to be studied in relation to each other. It is why earlier Professors of Sanskrit could contribute to a great extent to any classical language Sanskrit, Paii, Prakrits or Apabhrams. It is a calculated fact that half, and sometimes more than half of a classical Drama cow popalaris tgown as Sapskrit Drama, is written in Prakrits. Druma like Wrochakarikam is written mostly in Prakrits. All the works of Sanskrit Poetics have quoted a good deal of Prakrit 2nd Apabransa verses. It should be asserted that these works, whicrearer prescribed as text books, are taughi in original. The practice of teaching Prakrit portio35 got in original but through Sanskrit Cha;a has developed to such an extent that gradually the Prakrit portioas of the dramas and works on poetics have become comupi.

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i! The Sattakas, which are written hundred per cent in Prakrit, are being taught through Chaya. Editions of Sattaka like Kappuraman jari are appearing with Chaya, aod the Sanskrit exposition and Hindi translation adopt the Chaya only. Even the Pali and Prakrit inscriptions and Apabhramsa portions in the selections are presented with Chaya. These books are taught in the universities as text books at PostGraduate level. As a result in the new generation the young scholar of Sanskrit is kept deprived of the rich cultural heritage of the classical languages. Their knowledge becomes very limited in a closed compartment. Ultimately a great deal of hatred to sister classical languages is generating. An earnest student, not even a scholar, can think why the great poet like Bhasa, Kalidasa, Sriharsa, Bhavabuti, Rajasekhara and others did not compose their dramas entirely in Sanskrit ? Why they composed so much portions in Prakrit ? What for the great Acarya Bharata Muni prescribes different Desabhasas or Prakrits to be used in dramas ? Why all the great writers of Poetics like Mammata, Anandavardhana, Dandi, Kuntaka, Jagannatha, Vishvanatha and others have quoted so many Prakrit verses in their works ? Could they not find apropriate examples in Sanskrit literature ? And they may find a reply to themselves that none of the great writers was lacking in any classical language. They wanted to depict composite culture of our country, otherwise how the proverb could come out *Literature is the mirror of the Society'. It is lack of the knowledge on the part of the teacher that he deprives his students from a good deal of knowledge of our cultural heritage. The student may specialise in any branch of classical languages, but if they are put in a watertight compartment from very beginning, they can never be in a position to understand the literary, linguistic and cultural value of the classical languages and the close tie wbich they have to one another. Attention of every earnest scholar working in the field of any branch of classical languages should the drawn to this matter of great concern. In Anandasundri Sattaka the poet says, pAkhaMDo Na mahaM tidikkhai viDo sIlAi vijja jaDo / jaM jaM jassa sudullahaM khidisu so taM taM muhA diI /

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I po ) A heretic hates puja, a libertine bates character, and a fool hates knowledge. Man vainly goes on condemniog things that are beyond him. Conclusion In the light of the above details, we may conclude that Higher Education and Research in Prakrits and Jainology should be plained with a secular outlook, and within the frame of National Policy of Higher Education and Research. The objectives should be well-defined, and should be cons'stant to the functions enumerated in the Policy Frame as follows, -inculculate and promote basic human values and the capacity to choose between atterpate value systems; -preserve and foster our great cultural traditions and blend them with essential elements from other cultures and peoples; -promote a rational outlook and scientific temper; -enrich the lodian languages and promote their use as important means of communication, national development and unity; - promote the development of the total personality of the students and inculcate ip them a commitment to society; -act as an objective critic of society and assist in the formulation of national objectives to the pursuit of excellence; -promote commitment to the pursuit of excellence; - contribute to the improvement of the entire educational system so as to subserve the community.

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RESEARCHES IN PROGRESS erails of Doctoral Dissertations completed and in progress at Central and State universilies. Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi The Story of Ram in the Hindu, the Buddhist and the Jaina Literature in Sanskrit, Prakrit and Apabbramsa V. M. Kulkarni, Ph. D., 1952, unpublished. Jaina Epistimology I. C. Shastri, Ph. D. 1952, unpublished Political History of Northern India from Jaina sources G. C. Chaudhari, Ph. D., 1954, published. Psychological analysis of Jajna Karma philosophy M. L. Mehta, Ph. D., 1955, published. siddhi vinizcayaTIkA kA samAlocanAtmaka saMpAdana (A critical edition of Siddhiviniscaya Tika) Mahendra Kumar Jain, Ph. D. 1959, published. A critical and coniparative study of the Jaipa conception of Moksa B. B. Rayuade Ph. D., 1959, unpublished. The Licchavis Hitnarayan Jha, Ph. D., 1964, unpublished. somadevakRta yazastilaka kA sAMskRtika adhyayana (A cultural study of Yasastilaka of Somadeva) Gokul Chandra Jain, Ph. D., 1965, publislied. AdipurANa kA sAMskRtika adhyayana (A cultural study of Adipurana) S. N. Jha, Ph. D., 1965, unpublished. jaina aura bauddha AgamoM meM nArI (Woman in Jaina and Buddhist Agamas) K. C. Jain, Ph. D, 1967, published.

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11. 5771707 57 9171719. 77707 la critical study of Uttaradhyayanadura) S. L. Jain, Ph. D., 1962, publishod. 12. 47 sa a siat (Ahirca in Jainismi B. XX. Sinha, Ph.D. 1952, published. 13. 4a71777917 aze. (Treatment of Infercties in Jaina Logici D. L. Kothia, Ph. D., 1969, published, A cultural study of the litha Curni Madhu Sen, Ph. D., 1969, published. 15, glp prkaashy silp dy dbidhaagyngg bidbaar P. C. Jain, Ph. D. 1969, published. Core 19. (Jainia Ethics in Agama Literature's A.S.D. Sharssa, Ph. D. 1969, unpublished. 17. 3971777 177 2171921297 4570 (la critical study of the Tilaka-Marijari of Dhanapala) Izgannath Pathal., Ph. D., 1969, unpublished. 12. 2011 51 7 7 2257 (A critical study of Jaina Yoga) kohaddas Diys, Ph. D. 1970, published. 19, 7927777777775173547 (A cultural study of Sarnarai cakahay Zinku Yadey, Ph. D. 1973, published. farbE1% 777 77777 "A philosophical study of Viscayabyaka-bhasya) 14. P. Sanghave Ph. D., 1973, unpuplished. abhiyoga aura sanyAyaMtra kA gulanAtmaka adhyayana (A cimparative study of Abhidharma-kosa and Tattirartha-sutra) Pan Isasa Tripathi, Ph. D., 1974, unpublished. Jaina Temple of Western India Hlasika: Singh, Ph.D., 1676, published. 77,1777. 1 % Jana Iornography is Northern India) Marutinandian Prasad Tiwari, Ph. D. 1977, published. . 203. 23.

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24. mUlAcAra kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayayana (A critical study of Mulacara) Phool Chand Jain, Ph. D., 1977, unpublished. 25. vipapThizalAkApurUpacarita meM mahAvIra carita Kum. Manjula Mehta, Ph. D., 1977, unpublished. 26. jainAcAryo kA alaMkArazAstra meM yogadAna Kamlesh Kumar Jain, Ph. D. 1977, unpublished. 27. jaina darzana meM AtmavicAra : tulanAtmaka aura samIkSAtmaka adhyayana (Soul in Jaina Philosophy : A comparative and critical study) Lal Chand Jain, Ph. D., 1979, unpublished. 28. Ancient Geography of India from Jajna sources 700 A. D. to 1200 A.D. with special refcrcncc to Jaina Puranas Sankatha Prasad, Ph. D., 1979, unpublished. 29. meghavijaya gaNI ke saptasaMdhAna mahAkAvya kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana (A critical study of Saptsandhana Mahakavya of Meghavijaya Gani) Shrcyansh Kumar Jain, Ph. D., 1979. 30. pArzvanAtha carita kA samAlocanAtmaka adhyayana (A critical study of Parsvanatha-carita) Jay Kumar Jain, Ph. D. 1979, unpublished. 31. AcArya samantabhadra ke dArzanika vicAroM kA samAlocanAtmaka adhyayana (A critical study the Philosophical Thoughts of Acarya Samantabhadra) Narendra Kumar Jain, Ph. D. 1980, unpublished. jaina zrAvakAcAra kA samAlocanAtmaka adhyayana (A critical study of Jaina Ethics of houscholder) Sanat Kumar Jain, Ph. D. 1980, unpublished. 33. jaina-bInddha yoga kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana (A comparative study of Jaina-Bauddha Yoga) Mangala Duggad, Ph. D. 1982, published. 34. hindI sAhitya ko jaina kaviyoM kA yogadAna Mangal Prakash Mchata, Ph. D. 1982, unpublished. Registered 1. siddhasena divAkara kA jaina darzana meM yogadAna Smt. Vidyamaya Ghosh 32.

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( 24 ) 2. jaina pramANamImAMsA kA samAlocanAtmaka adhyayana Devi Datta Mishra 3. tattvArthamUtra : eka samIkSAtmaka adhyayana Kum. Pramila Pandeya 4. AcArya haribhadra mUri kA bhAratIya darzana meM yogadAna Kum. Sushila Jain 5. prAcIna bhArata meM zikSA : jaina brotoM ke AdhAra para Dava mapi Yagyika tIrthaGkara, buddha aura avatAra kI avadhAraNAoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana Ramesh Chandra Gupta 7. jaina darzana meM jIva kI avadhAraNA : Adhunika jIvavijJAna ke sandarbha meM Usbarani Singh 8. jaina darzana meM zabda pramANa Archana Pandeya 9. rajanIza ke cintana para jaina darzana kA prabhAva Kanbaiya Singh 12 vIM zatAbdI taka upalabdha jana sAhitya meM vivecita dhArmika sampradAya Rambansa Chaturvedi 11. jaina sAhitya meM kRSNakathA Rita Singh 12. jaina sAhitya meM pratipAdita nArI jIvana Gita Devi 13. jaina sAhitya meM Arthika jIvana Kamalprabha Jain 14. jaina karma siddhAnta kA aitihAsika vikAsa Ravindra Nath Mishra 15. aravinda aura jaina darzana kI samIkSAtmaka aura samanvayAtmaka vidhi Mamata Gupia 16. jaina bAgama sAhitya meM Ayurveda Rita Guru 17. prabandha cintAmaNi kA sAhityika adhyayana Rina Singh

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University of Delhi . 7. 1. apanaza sAhitya (Thc Apabhramsa Literature) Harivansh Kochar, Ph. D. 1952, published. 2. A study of Dvyasraya Kavya in Sanskrit Literature Satya Pal Narang, Ph. D., 1968, unpublished. 3. A critical study of Candra-Vyakarana-Vriti on the basis of a new manuscript Harshanath Mishra, Ph. D., 1972, unpublished. 4. fi67 2117 FOTO FT GAAT ZETTA Ravindra Kumar Scih, Ph. D., 1972, unpublished. 5. zilappadIkArama aura padamAvata kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana Vinita Bhalla, Ph. D., 1974, unpublished. 6. Jaina Ethics D. N. Bhargava, Ph. D., published. A comparative study of the major commentaries of the TattvarthaSutra by Umasvati, Pujyapada, Haribhadra, Siddhasena, Bhatta Akalanka and Vidyananda Smt. Amara Jain, Ph. D. 1974, unpublished. 8. A study of three Tarkabhasas Promila Sharma The social conditions as depicted in Jaina Sanskrit Mabakavyas Mohan Chand, Ph. D. 1977, unpublished. 10. Jaina Mythology as depicted in the Digambera Literature Manju Jain, Ph. D. 1976, unpublished. "Rasa" in Jaina Sanskrit Mahakavyas (from 8th to 15th century) Puspa Davi Gupta, Ph. D., 1979, unpublished. A study of Jaina Ethical ideas with special reference to Acarangasutra Veena Jain, Ph. D., 1977, unpublished. AcArya kundakunda ke pramukha granthoM meM dArzanika dRSTi (Philosophical Thoughts in the main work of Acarya Kundakunda) Sushama Ganga, Ph. D., 1978, published. ON 2. 13.

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14. 15. 16. 1. 2. ( 26 ) hemacandra aura pANini kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana (A comparative study of Hemcandra and Panini) Mahendrapal Shastri, Ph. D. 1982, unpublisted. 5. tripazilAkA purupacarita : eka adhyayana (Trisasthisalakapurusa carita : Astudy) Kum. Manju Sharma, Ph. D., 1982, unpublished. A study of Hemacandra with special reference to his contribution to Lexicography Mahendra Kumar Gupta 3. vAdirAja kI kRtiyoM kA sAhityika adhyayana 1. jaina saMskRta sAhitya meM rAmakathA (The story of Rama in Jaina Sanskrit Literature) Smt. Veena Kumari, Ph. D. 1983, unpublished. Registered Contribution of Jainas to Sanskrit Grammar Prabha Kumari 4. hemacandrakRta abhiyAna cintAmaNi kA samAlocanAtmaka adhyayana (A critical study of Abhidhana-cintamani of Hemacandra) Kum. Susama Jain (A literary study of the works of Vadiraja) Kum. Sunita Isarani sara sAhitya kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana - (prabandhacintAmaNi, pravandhakoza, mAvacarita ke vizeSa sandarbha meM) Amla Thukral Aligarh University, Aligarh jaina sAhitya kA prAcIna hindI sAhitya para prabhAva (Influence of Jaina Literature on old Hindi Literature) D. K. Jain, Ph. D. 1961, uapublished.

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( 27 ) UTTAR PRADESH 5. Agra University, Agra 1. Jain Polity S. S. Jain, Ph. D.. 1955, unpublished. 2. Study in the Jaina sources of the History of Ancient India 100 B. C. to 300 A. D.) J. P. Jain, Ph. D., 1956, published. ___ 3. apabhraza bhApA aura sAhitya (Apabhrainsa Language and Literature) D. K. Jain, Ph.D., 1957, published. apabhraza kAvya paramparA aura vidyApati (The Apabhramsa Kavya Tradition and Vidyapati) Ambadatta Pant, Ph. D., 1958, unpublished. mahAkavi banArasIdAsa : jIvanI aura kRtitva (Mahakavi Banarasidas : Life and works) R. K. Jain, Ph. D., 1959, published. 6. AcArya puSpadanta : eka adhyayana Acary Puspadanta : A study) Raj Kumar Jain, Ph. D., 1959, unpublished. 7. hindI ke bhakti kAvya meM jaina sAhityakAroM kA yogadAna (vi. saM. 1400 se 1800 taka) (Contribution of Jaina writers to Hindi Bhakti Kavya v. S. 1400 to 1800) Premsagar Jain, Ph. D., 1959, published. 8. The structure and function of soul in Jainism S. C. Jain, Ph. D., 1960, published. 9. jaina kavi svayambhU kRta paumacariu tathA tulasI kRta rAmAyaNa (The Paumcariu of Jaina poct Svayambhu and The Ramayana of Tulsi) Om Prakash Dixit, Ph. D., 1962, published. 10. hindI bArahamAsA sAhitya (Hindi Barahamasa Literature) M. S. Prachandia, Ph. D., 1962, unpublished.

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4. ( 28 ) 11. apabhraMza aura hindI ke rahasyavAdI sAhitya kA adhyayana (18 vIM zatI taka) (A study of Jaina mystic literature of Apabhramsa and Hindi upto 18th century A. D.) Basudeo Singh, Ph. D., 1962, unpublished. 12. mahAkavi puSpadanta : dazamI zatAbdI ke eka apanaza kavi (Mahakayi Puspadanta: An Apabhramsa poet of 10th century) Raj Narayana Pandeya, Ph. D., 1963, published. Mataphysical synthesis, its nature and value as suggested by a study of the Philosophy of Kundakunda P. K. Jain, Ph. D., 1963, uopublished. somadeva eka rAjanItika vicAraka (Somadeva : A Political Thinker) P. M. Jain, Ph. D., 1964, unpublished. 15. bhavisyattakahA aura apanaza krayAkAvya (The Bhavisyatta-kaha and Apabhranisa Kathakavya) D. K. Shastri, Ph. D., 1964, published. 16. mahAkavi svayambhU (Mabakavi Svayambbu). Sankatha Prasad Upadhyaya, Ph D., 1965., unpublished. 17. yAtrAyaM kundakunda aura unakA samayasAra (Acarya Kundakunda and his Samayasara) Lal Bahadur Shastri, Pa. D. 1955, publ:shed. 18. raviNata padmapurANa tathA tulasIkRta rAmatraritamAnasa kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana (A comparative study of Padma-purana of Ravisena and Ramacaritamapasa of Tulsidas) Ramakant Sula, Ph. D., 1967, published. 19. Kumarapala Calukya Satya Prakash, Ph. D., 1967, unpublished. gAthA saptazatI aura bihArI satasaI : satasaI paramparA ke pariveza meM eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana (Gatha-Saptasati and Bihari Satasai: A comparative study in the background of Satasar tradition) Shashi Prabha Jain Ph.D. 1968.unpublished.

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21, 23. 24. A comparative study of the Yogasastra works in Jajpism and the Patanjali Yoga Dargana Sarla, Ph. D... 1969, unpublished. dhana jayakRta dvisandhAna mahAkAvya kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana (A comparative study of Dvisandhana Mahakavya of Dhananjaya). Shivadatta Gupta, Ph. D., 1970, unpublished. mahAkavi bhUdharadAsa : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva (Mahakavi Bhoodhar Das : Life and workes) Brajendra Pal Singh Chauhan, Ph. D., 1972, unpublished. apabhraza kA jaina rahasyavAdI sAhitya aura usakA kavIra para prabhAva (Jaina mystic literature of Apabhramsa and its influence on Kabira) Surajmukhi D:vi Jain, Ph. D., 1972, unpublished. gaNita aura jyotipa ke vikAsa meM jaina AcAryoM kA yogadAna (Contribution of Jaina Acaryas in the developincnt of Mathematics and Astrology) Mukutbehari Lal Agrawala, Ph. D., 1973, unpublished. Women in Jaina literature and art (500 B. C. to 1200 A. D.) Kamlesh Kumari Saxena, Ph. D.. 1973, unpublished. Political Philosophy of Acarya Hemacandra Chaman Lal Jain, Ph. D., 1973, unpublished. aSTachApa ke kaviyoM kI vimba yojanA (Chandravir Jain, Ph. D., 1974, unpublished. 25. 26. 27. 28. sAMkhya tathA jaina tattvajJAna evaM AcAra kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana (A comparative study of metaphysics and ethics of Samkhya and Jaina Philosophy) Ram Kishor Sharma, Ph. D., 1974, unpublished. 30. hemacandra ke dvayAzraya mahAkAvya (kumArapAla carita) kA sAMskRtika evaM sAhityika adhyayana (A cultural and literary study of Dvyasraya Mahakavya (Kumarapala carita) of Hemcandra Harsha Kumari Jain, Ph. D., 1974, unpublished. 31. hindI jaina kAvya meM vyavahRta zabdAvalI aura usakI arthavyaJjanA Arun Lata Jain, Ph. D., 1978, unpublished.

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do) 32, 42 er:75 m2757 iz-77707 . . (Concept of Karna in Jaica Philosophy: A critical and comparative study) Habipal Jain, Po. D., 1972, uzgublished. 33. METZEIT (741 10 i 177) (The Political ide: 25 de criteri in Jaina Literature from 7th ceni. A.D. in 10th ceni. h. D.) Vijayalakshmi Jain, Piz. D., 1972, unpublished. Pegistered 1. Faz Te giz (Contribution of Jaina posts to Hindi pro:c Literature) Chandrapal Sharma 2. Polo (Jaine Mathematics Harish Chandra Garga 3. 1 47757.: 71 TZ (P.. Asadara: Life and works) Kapoor Chandra Jzin 077 791 4597717 7 7777777 (h comparative study of Padmapurana and Padmacarita of Pavisena) Shikkes Chendra Jain 5. Ei (Hindi Jaina Katha Literature) Phool Chandra Jain 6. . Siz Z51 01727 Contribution of Acarya Sasnantabhadra to Sanskrit Stotra Literature) Ganesbi Lal Jain 7. F 7FET (Jaira Puja Litsrature in Hindi) Kum. Krishna Varshnisja 2. F 575 F: 0137977777777 (Hindi ataku-ahitya, its History a study Jazavir Kishore Jain

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( 31 ) hindI meM rAma viSayaka jaina sAhitya (Jajna Literature in Hindi relating to the story of Rama) Kalyan Chapdra Jain 10. hindI jaina sAhitya meM kRSNa vArtA . (The story of Krishna in Hindi Jain Literature) M. P. Kotia 11. apabhraza jaina premAkhyAnaka kAvya 1000 se 1200 IsvI taka (Apabhramsa Jaina preniakhyanaka Kavya, 1000 to 1200 A. D.) Parasmal Jain 12. saMskRta gadya sAhitya meM gadyacintAmaNi kA sthAna aura samIkSAtmaka adhyayana (Place of Gadyacintamani in Sanskrit prose Literature and its critical study) Bhagavat Sharan Sharma 13. hindI jaina pada sAhitya 15 vIM zatAbdI ke prArambha se Adhunika kAla paryanta (Hindi Jaina Pada Literature from 10th century to present time) Gokul Prasad Jain ____14. AhAra kSetra kI mUrtiyoM aura zilAlekhoM kA samAlocanAtmaka adhyayana (A critical study of the icones and inscriptions of Ahara) Shanti Jaina 15. jaina campU kAvya : eka sAhityika tathA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana (Jaina Champu Literature : A Literary and critical study) Jayanti Prasad Jain 16. rItikAlIna jaina kaviyoM ke hindI pravandha kAvya (Hindi Prabandha Kavyas of Jaina pocts of Ritikala) Lal Chandra Jnin 17. candraprabhacarita : eka adhyayana (Candraprabhacarita : A study) Jaydevi Jain jaina kaviyoM kI dArzanika zabdAvalI : artha aura vikAsa (Philosophical terminology of Jaina poets : Meaning and development) Kum. Arunalata Jain 18.

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University of Allahabad 1. Study of Prakrit Mahakavyas in relation to cognate Sacskrit literature Ramji Upadhyaya, D. Phil, 1945, unpublished. 2. prAjJata, napatra sAhitya aura hindI para usakA prabhAra (Prakrit and Apabhramsa Literature and its influence on Hindi) Ram Singh Tomar, D. Phil, 1951, published. 3. AdikAla kA hindI jaina sAhitya Hari Sbankar Sharma, D. Phil, 1959, unpublished. 4. The conception of Abimsa in Indian thought according to Sanskrit sources : Vedic, Jaina and Buddhist. Koshalya Vali, D. Phil., 1960, unpublished. 5. The story of King Udayana as gleaned from Sanskrit, Pali and Prakrit sources. Niti Adaval, D. Phil, 1962, uopublished. dharmazarmAbhyudaya mahAkAvya kA tulanAtmaka aura samAlocanAtmaka adhyayana (A comparative and critical study of Dharmasarmabhyudaya) Svapra Banerjee, D. Phil., 1968, unpublished. 7. apanaja kayA sAhitya kA hindI kathA sAhitya para prabhAva 17 vIM zatI taka) (The influence of narrative literature of Apabhramsa un Hindi garrative till 17th century A. D.) Siddha Nath Pandey, D. Phil, 1969, unpublished. hemacandra kI dezInAmamAla kA AlocanAtmaka evaM dhvanyAtmaka adhyayana (A critical and Phonetic study of Desinamatala of Hemcandra) Sheomurti Sharma, D. Phil, 1973, unpublished. 9. jana nyAya tathA Adhunika bahupakSIya tarkazAstra (A comparative study of Jaina Logic and modern many-valued logic) Asha Jain, D. Phil. 1979, unpublished. jana purANoM kA saMskRtika adhyayana (A cultural study of Jaina Puranas) Devi Prasad Mishra, D. Phil, 1980, uopublished. mestanAcArya kRta pravandhacintAmaNi kA samAlocanAtmaka adhyayana (A critical study of Prabandha-cintamani of Merutuigacarya) Yadunath Prasad Duba, D. Phil, 1983, urpublished. 10. 11.

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1. 2. 3. 1. 1. 1. ( 33 ) Registered rAjazekharasUrikRta prabandhakoza kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana (A critical study of Prabandha-koga of Rajasekhara suri) Ashok Kumar Singh jaina AdipurANa kA sAMskRtika adhyayana (A cultural study of Jaina Adipurana) Girish Chandra Pandeya padmapurANa kA sAmAjika-sAMskRtika adhyayana (Socio-cultural study of the Padmapurana) Parash Nath Misra jaina kathAoM kA sAmAjika adhyayana (Social study of the Jaina Kathas) Veena Khandelkar * University of Gorakhpur A study of Dvyasraya Mahakavya of Hemacandra Krishnadhar Sharma, Ph. D. 1979, unpublished. Gurukul Kangari University paumacariu aura rAmacarita mAnasa ke nArI pAtroM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana (A comparative study of the women characters in Paum-cariu and Ramcarita Manasa) Yogendra Nath Sharma. Ph. D., 1973 published. Kashi Vidyapith, Varanasi vauddha tathA jaina sAhitya meM varNita rAjatantra kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana (A comparative study of monarchism as depicted in Buddhist and Jaina Literature) F. Singh, Ph. D., 1974, uppublished. 3

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( 28 ) Kanpur University Registered 1. jana prAvakAcAra paramparA meM svAmI samantabhadrAcArya kA yogadAna (Contribution of Svami Samantabhadra-acarya to the tradition of Jaina Ethics of householders) Kum. Raka Jain Kumayun University, Garwal 1. zrI jJAnasAgara muni kA jIvana evaM unake saMskRta ke kAryoM kA sAhityika mUlyAMkana (The life of Muni Sri Jnanasagar and the literary appraisal of his Sapskrit works) Kiran Taodon, Ph. D. 1978, unpublished. 2. nayacandrasUrI ke hammIra mahAkAvya kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana (A critical study of Hammira Mahakavya of Nayacandra Suri) Ramesh Chandra, Ph. D., 1981, unpublished. University of Luckoos 1. India as described in early texts of Buddhism and Jainism B. C. Law, D. Liit, 1941. Nature of Polity in Jaina Literature S. S. Jain, Ph. D., 1954, unpublished. yasa nAhitya meM zRMgAra (Singara in Apabhramsa Sahitya) Indrapal Singh, D. Litt, 1967, unpublished. puSpadaMta kI bhASA (The language of Puspadant) Kailash Nath Tandon, Ph. D., 1969, uppublished, Post-Abhinavagupt dramatic techpique with special reference to the Natya Darpana of Rama Candra and Guna Candra Mapju Lata Khare, Ph. D., 1977, unpublished. 5. A critical and Scholastic study of Vararuci's Prakrit Prakasa N. L. Rastogi, Ph. D., 1978, unpublished,

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( .35 ) __7, Adhunika hindI jaina mahAkAvya Kum. Indu Rai Jain, Ph. D. 1982, unpublished, Registered ____ 1. rAjya saMgrahAlaya lakhanaU meM bauddha tathA jaina mUrtiyoM kA pratimAzAstrIya adhyayana saMdhamitrA zaMkara 3. Mecrut University, Meerut 1. hindI rAmakAvyoM ke pramukha pAtroM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana (A comparative study of main characters of Hindi Rama Kavyas) Madan Gulati, Ph. D., 1973, unpublished. guNabhadra ke uttarapurANa aura tulasI ke rAmacaritamAnasa kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana (A comparative study of Uttarapurana of Gunabhadra and Ramacaritamanasa of Tulsi) Vijay Garg, Ph. D., 1973, unpublished. jainadarzana meM nayavAda (Nayavada in Jaina Philosophy) Sukhnandan Jain, Ph. D., 1977, unpublished. yazodharacaritra kI sacitra pANDulipiyoM kA adhyayana (A study of the painted manuscripts of Yasodharacarita) Kamala Jain, Ph. D., 1977, unpublished. A comparative study of the story of Rama as presented in Jaina Sanskrit, Prakrit and Apabhransa literature Usha Agrawal, Ph. D., 1978, unpublished. prAkRta paumacariyaM aura rAmacaritamAnasa kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana (A comparative study of Prakrit Paumacariyam and Ramacarita manasa) Sharmbir Singhal, Ph. D., 1981, unpublished. 7. madhyayugIna jaina hindI mahAkAvya Chandraprabh Lavania, Ph. D., 1982, unpublished. 8. jaina sAhitya meM Arthika vicAradhArA (Economic thoughts in Jain literature) Suparsva Kumar Jain, Ph. D., 1982, unpublished.

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9. pAyAbhyudaya kA samAlocanAtmaka adhyayana (A critical study of Parsvabbyudaya) Suparshva Kumar, Ph. D. 1932, unpublisbed. 10. apanaja jaina sAhitya evaM mAnava mUlya (Apabhrassa Jain Literature and Human Values) Sadhvi Sadhana, Ph. D. 1982, unpublished. 11. kAlidAsa kRta meghadana tathA malaMgAcAyaM kRta huna meghadana kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana (A comparative study of the Meghaduta of Kalidas and Jaisi Megha. dura of Merutungacarya). Uma Jain, Ph. D. 1983, unpublished. Registered 1. jainAcArya jinamena kRta harivaMzapurANa (mana) evaM mRdAma na mRramAgara (hindI) kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana Vishnukani Shukla 2. svayaM ke patrapati ne upAnyAnoM kA rAmAyaNa evaM rAmacarita mAnana ke sAtha tulanAtmaka adhyayana Surendra Kumar 3. apaghraga meM likhita jaina tathA anya dohA sAhitya (Jain and other doha Literature in Apabhrams) Dhan Prakash Mishra Sampurnanind Sanskrit Vishwavidyalaya, Varanasi jaina-daNaMne AtmadAbaMdacanama (Soul in Jaina Philosophy) Mutta Prasad Pateria, Vidyavaridhi,1970, published. 2. AcAryavidyAnandasya dAganikamantavyAnAM samAlocanAtmakamadhyayanam (A Critical study of the Philosophical Thoughts of Acasya Vidyananda) Shital Chandra Jain, Vidyavaridhi, 1920, uripublished. AgadhanAyA: vidipaNAmakamadhyayanam (bhagavatyArAdhanAyAH vizeSa saMdarbha) Gulab Chandra Jain, Vidyavaridhi 1983, unpublished.

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( 37 ) Registered 1. gImmaTasArajIvakANDasya pAribhASikazabdAnAM vivecanAtmakamanuzIlanam Gyan Chandra Jain 2. vasunandikRta-uvAsayAjjhayaNasya tulanAtmaka samIkSAtmakaM cAnuzIlanam Amar Chand Jain kAlidAsasya nATakepu prayuktasya prAkRtasyAnuzIlanam Vishvanath Bhatt 4. saMskRtasAhityazAstre prayuktAnAM prAkRtapadyAnAmanuzIlanam Satyendradhar Tripathi MADHYA PRADESH Sir Harisingh Gaur University Saugor 1. jaina mAgama zAstra ke anusAra mAnava vyaktitva kA vikAsa (Personality development according to Jaina Agamas) H. D. Jain, Ph. D., 1957, published. 2. AcArya jinasena kRta mahApurANa ke AdhAra para Rpabha tathA bharata ke jIvana caritroM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana (A comparative study of the biographics of Rsabha and Bharata based on Mahapurana of Jinasena) Narendrakumar Jain, Ph. D., 1966, unpubished. AcArAMga sUtra kA samAlocanAtmaka adhyayana (A critical study of Acaranga Sutra) P. D. Jain, Ph. D., 1968, unpublished. 4. devagar3ha kI jana kalA kA sAMskRtika adhyayana (A cultural study of the Jaina Art of Devagarh) Bhag Chandra Jain, Ph. D., 1969, published. 5. mahAkavi haricanda : eka anuzIlana (Mahakavi Haricand : A study) Pannalal Jain, 1973, published. 6. dakSiNI baMdelakhaNDa kI jana kalA kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana / (A critical study of the Jaina Art of South Bundelakhanda) P. C. Singhai, Ph. D., 1980, unpublished.

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( 8 ) 7. jaina harivaMzapurANa kA sAMskRtika adhyayana 1. 3. 4. 2. vIrakUna jagAmitra 6. (A cultural study of Jaina Harivamsa Purana) Laxmi Jain, Ph. D., 1978, unpublished. 1. 2. Pani Durgavati University Jabalpur 3. Doctrine of Matter in Jainism J. C. Sikdar, D. Litt, 1962, unpublished. ke AdhAra para jamsvAmI ke jIvanacarita kA samAlocanAtmaka adhyayana (A critical study of the Life of Jambu Svami on the basis of Jambusami Cariu of Vira) Vimal Prakash Jain. Ph. D., 1968, published. jaina aura mImAMsA darzanoM ke karma siddhAnta kA vulanAtmaka adhyayana (A comparative study of Karma Theory of Jainism and Mimansa) K. L. Palival, Ph. D. 1972, unpublished. jaina sRSTividyA evaM paurANika sRSTividyA kA vikAsa : veda ke saMdarbha meM tulanAtmaka adhyayana Prakash chandra Jain, Ph. D. 1971, published. kAlIna hindI jaina kAvya Kiran Jain, Ph. D., 1973, unpublished. Vikram University Ujjain timaMjarI kAlIcanAtmaka adhyayana (A critical study of Tilakamanjars) Virendra Kumar Jain, Ph. D, 1969, unpublished. jaina tI sAhitya kA locanAtmaka adhyayana (A critical study of Jaina Stotra literature) K. B. Lokhande, Ph. D., 1969, unpublished. padmacarita aura usameM pratipAdita bhAratIya saMskRti (Padmacarita and Indian Culture ) Ramesh Chandra Jain, Ph. D., 1972, unpublished.

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( 39 ) 4. prAcIna evaM madhyakAlIna mAlavA meM jainadharma (Jainism in ancient and medieval Malava) Tej Singh Gaur, Ph. D., 1973, unpublished. 5. saMskRta-prAkRta jaina-sAhitya meM mahAvIra kathA (The stroy of Mahavira in Prakrit and Sanskrit Literature) Shobhanath Pathak, Ph. D. 1975, published. 6. zaMkara tathA kundakunda ke dArzanika vicAroM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana (A Comparative Study of Philosophical Thoughts of Sankara and Kugdakunda) Syam Nandan Jha, Ph. D. 1976, unpublished. 7. mAlavA meM jaina sAhitya kA nirmANa tathA jaina sAhityakAroM kA yogadAna (Writing of Jaina litcrature in Malava and the contribution of Jaina authors) Smt. Sushila Jain, Ph. D., 1977, unpublished. Registered __ 1. hastimalla ke nATakoM kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana (A critical study of the Dramas of Hastimall) Smt. Pratibha Jain 2. tattvArthasUtra kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana (A critical study of Tattvartbasutra) Vidyabhushan Sharma 3. vAdIbhasiMha aura unakA kAvya (Vadibha Singh and his poetry) Shcel Chandra Jain Holkar University, Indore ___1. paM0 ToDaramala : vyaktitva aura kartRtva (Pt. Todarmal : Life and Works) Hukum Chandra Bharill, Ph. D., 1972, published. 2. lIlAbaI kahA ke vizepa sandarbha meM prAkRta kathAkAvyoM kA adhyayana (A study of Prakrit Kathakavyas with special reference to Lilabai Kaha) Kusum Lata Jain, Ph. D., 1973, unpublished.

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3. 4. 5. 6. AdipurANa meM pratipAdita tattvamImAMsA (The Metaphysics of Adipurana) 2. ( 40 ) hindI ke jaina vilAsa kAvyoM kA udbhava aura vikAsa P. C. Jain, Ph. D., 1972, unpublished. 3. jaina sAhitya meM vidupI sAdhviyoM evaM mahilAoM kA itihAsa (The History of learned nuns and women in Jaina literature) Hirabai Bordia, Ph. D., 1976, published. 7. harivaMzapurANa kA sAMskRtika adhyayana 4. jainadarzana meM paramANuvAda (Atomism in Indian Philosophy with special reference to Jaina Philosaphy) Sadhvi Lalit Kumari, Ph. D., 1977, unpublished. 6. Udai Chand Jain, Ph. D., 1978, unpublished. 1. jaMbUsAmicariu : vastu aura zilpa Smt. Sarojini Dapharia (A cultural study of Haribamsapurana) Vriddhi Chandra Shastri, Ph. D., 1982, unpublished. Registered karakaNDacariTa : sandarbha, zilpa aura bhASA Dhannalal Jain puSpadanta kA kRSNa aura rAma kAvya Mahashi Kapoor apabhraMzarita kAvyoM meM zRMgAra bhAvanA Snehlata Kashliwala 5. jaina siddha aura nAthoM kI muktaka kAvyadhArA kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana Svarnalata Srivastava jaina sAhitya meM rAmakathA (Jain Sahitya men Ramakatha) Aksaya Kumar Jain

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( 41 ) Jiwaji University, Gwalior 1. Contribution of Hemacandra to Sanskrit literature : Critical and comparative study of Sanskrit works of Hemacandra. Vishnu Bhaskar Musalgaonkar, Ph. D. 1970, unpublished. jaina, bauddha tathA gItA ke AcAra darzana kA tulanAtmaka evaM samIkSAtmaka adhyayana (A critical and comparative study of Jaina cthics with reference to Buddhism and Gita) . Sagarmal Jain, Ph. D., 1971, published. 3. AcArya umAsvAti kA bhAratIya darzana ko yogadAna (Acarya Umasvati's contribution to Indian Philosophy) Indrajit Jain, Ph. D., 1974, unpublished. University of Bhopal 1. jainadarzana meM nizcaya aura vyavahAra naya (Niscaya and Vyavahara standpoints in Jaina Philosophy) Ratan Chandra Jain, Ph. D., 1980, unpublished. Ravisliankar University, Raipur 1. harivaMzapurANa kA sAMskRtika adhyayana (A cultural study of Harivamsa Purana) Rukmini Jain, Ph. D. 1973, unpublished. Registered 1. rUpaka kAvya paramparA tathA apabhraMza ke rUpaka kAvya (Tradition of Rupaka Kavyas and Apabhraia Rupaka Kavyas) Smt. Sarojini Jain 2. joindu tathA kavIra kI racanAoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana (A comparative study of the works of Joindu and Kabira) Deo Kumar Jain

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( 2 ) BIHAR 1. 2. Patna University, Patna Early History of Vaishali Jogendra Mishra, Ph. 1). 1958, published. 99767777 FT 47797 (Studies in Apabhrama Language) Virendra Srivastava, D. Litl., 1963, published. A linguistic study of Psakrit with special reference to Hindi Vidhata Mishra, Ph. D. 1964, unpublished. The contribution of the Brahmanical Pauranic Tradition to the Jaina Pauranic Tradilian Shaktidhar Jha, Ph. D. 1970, unpublished, Jainism in carly mcdicval Karnataka Ram Bhushan Prasad Singh, Ph. D. 1972, unpublished. jena bAimaya meM zikSA tanya (Elements of Education in Jaina Litcrature) Nishanand Sharma. Ph. D. 1979, unpublished. Top 2017 u fizy-31917, atz, 17 771 ujaint Ti fasta niz 5 (Athcism in Indian Philosophy with special scierence to Carvaka, Buddhist, Jaina and Miniansa Philosoply) Lalita Devi Yadav, Ph. D. 1979, unpublished. Critical and linguistic study of the Prakrita-Prakasa Rampati Singh, Ph. D. 1979, unpublished. 98 11 777 93 I TO 377. 067 67 (Jainas in Uttar Pradesh in Sixteenth and Seventeenth centuries) Umanath Srivastava . . 9, Bihar University, Muzaffarpur Studics in Bhagavati Sutra J. C. Sikdar, Ph. D., 1960, published. A critical study of Paun.acariyam of Vimal Suri K. R. Chandra, Ph. D., 1962, published. 2.

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6. 3. prAcIna hindI kAvya meM ahiMsA ke tattva __ (Elements of Ahimsa in old Hindi Literature) Vidyanath Mislira, Ph. D., 1963, unpublished. 4. paumacariu aura rAmacaritamAnasa kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana (A comparative study of Paumacariu and Ramacaritamanasa) . D. N. Sharma, Ph. D., 1963, published. 5. mahAkavi raidhU ke sAhitya kA samAlocanAtmaka adhyayana (A critical study of the works of Mahakavi Raidhu) Raja Ram Jain, Ph.D., 1965, published. hemacandra ke apabhraza sUtroM kI pRSThabhUmi aura unakA bhASAvaijJAnika adhyayana (The A pabhramsa Sutras of Hemchandra : their back-ground and philological study) Param Mitra Shastri. Ph. D., 1965, unpublished. 7. A comparative study of Buddhist Vinaya and Jaina Acara Nand Kishore Prasad, Ph. D., 1965, published. 8. Influence of Jainism on Sarvodaya Philosophy ___ Jagdish Narayan Mallik, Ph. D., 1966, unpublished. 9. A comparative and critical study of the ethics of Buddhism, Jainism and Bhagavat Gita. Seva Kumari Sharma, Ph. D., 1967, unpublished. bauddha pUrva vihAra ke dhArmika ciMtana aura cintaka (The religious thinking and thinkers of Pre-Buddhistic Bihar) Jaidev, Ph. D., 1967, unpublished. 11. jinasena ke harivaMzapurANa kA samAlocanAtmaka adhyayana (A critical study of Harivangapurana of Jinasena) Suryadeo Pande, Ph. D., 1967, unpublished. 12.. apabhraza ke sphUTa sAhityika muktaka N. P. Varma, Ph. D., 1966, unpublished. ___13. The back-ground of Gandhian non-violence and its impact on India's national struggle Ram Kripal Sinha, Ph. D., 1967, unpublished. 14. AcArya bhikSa aura jaina darzana ko unakI dena (Acarya Bhiksu and his contribut on to Jainism) Chbaganlal Shastri, Ph. D., 1968, unpublished. 10.

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( 44 ) Jaina Yoga Rai Ashwini Kumar, Ph. D., 1971, unpublished. 16. niyukti, NibIra TIkA ke AdhAra para AcArAMga kA parizIlanAtmaka badhyayana (A critical study of Acaranga based on Niryukti, Curni and Tika) Jagadish Narayan Sharma, Ph. D., 1974, unpublished. 17. An aesthetic analysis of Karpuramanjari Ram Prakash Poddar, Ph. D., 1978, published. 18. An analytical study of Nethippakkarana Atul Nath Sinha, Ph. D., 1966 unpublished. An appraisal of Jainism in modern perspective with special reference to the Philosophy of Lord Mahavira H. P. Varma, Ph. D., 1978 unpublished. janadarzana kA nayavAda : eka mImAMsA (Nayavada in Jaina Philosophy : A critical study) Indradeva Pathak, Ph.D., 1981, unpublished. 21. A study of the concept of Sex in Indian thaught and Jainism wiib special reference to the Madana-parajayacariu Laxiswar Prasad Singh, Ph. D., 1982, unpublished. 19. 22. vasudevahir3I kA mamAlocanAtmaka adhyayana (A critical study of Vasudeva-hindi) Ratjan Suridev, Ph. D., 1982, unpublished. 23. mahAkavi puSpadanta aura unakA mahApurANa : eka adhyayana (Mahakavi Puspadanta and his Mabipurana : a study) Sudarshan Mishra, Ph.D., 1982, unpublished. 24. saMskRta, prAkRta evaM apanaja bhaktikAvya parampA meM jaina kaviyoM kA hindI pada sAhitya : eka namAlocanAtmaka adhyayana (Hindi Pada Literature of Jaipa poets in the Traditional background of Bhakti in Sanskrit, Prakrit and Apabhramsa Literature! Sunita Jain, Ph. D, 1983, unpublished. 25. kundakunda kRta nATakazya: eka adhyayana (Nataka-treya of Kundakunda) Vishvanath Chaudhari, Ph. D., 1983, uppublished.

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Registered 1. sUvakRtAMga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana (A critical study of Sutra-kslanga) Shrikant Tyagi 2. Philosophy of Acarya Kundakuunda Hem Narayan Sharma Magadh University 1. saMskRta kAvya ke vikAsa meM jaina kaviyoM kA yogadAna (Contribution of Jaina pocis in the development of Sanskrit poetic Literature) N. C. Shastri, D. Litt., 1965, published. 2 A study of religion and its different expressions with special reference to Brahinanical, Buddhist and Jaina religious movements Om, Prakash Sharma, Ph. D., 1967, published. - 3. madhyakAlIna hindI jana sAhitya (vi0 saM0 1600 se 1800 taka) (Medieval Hindi Jaina Literature) Gadadbar Singh, Ph. D., 1969, unpublished. prAkRta zilAlekhoM kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana (A critical study of Prakrit inscriptions) Chandradeo Ray, Ph. D., 1970, unpublished. . 5. saMskRta nATakoM meM jaina nATakakAroM kA yogadAna (Contribution of Jaina Dramatists to Sanskrit Dramas) Ram Nath Pathak, Ph. D., 1970, unpublished. ravipeNAcArya kRta padmapurANa kA kAvyAtmaka tathA sAMskRtika adhyayana (A literary and cultural study of Padmapurana of Revisena) Mahendra Kumar Jain, Ph. D., 1972, unpublished. __7. rUpakakAra hastimalla aura unakA nATya sAhitya (Hastimalla; the Dramatist and his dramatic literature) K. L. Jain, Ph. D., 1972, published. 8. jainadarzana ke sandarbha meM AcArya samantabhadra ke AcAra siddhAnta kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana (A critical study of ethical Principles of Acarya Samantabhadra with reference to Jaina Philosaphy) Brijkishore Pandeya, Ph. D., 1977, unpublished.

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University of Ranchi faz 17 97 H 125i 17171717 70907. (A critical study of moral idcals of Hinduism and Jainism). Pratibha Jain, Ph. D., 1981, unpublished. MAHARASTRA University of Bombay 1.0 an cssay on Kundak unda; His date Pravacanasara and other works with Englisli translation of Pravacancara, (ii) Sri Yogindudev's Parmalmaprakasa and Yogasira, (ii) Parn asuttam and (iv) Varangacarita Adinath Nominath Upadhye, D. Litt. 1939, published. 2. Historical grammar of inscriptional Prakrits Madhukar Anant Mahtudale Ph. D. 1943, published. 3. Life in aricient India as depicted in Jaina Canons. Jagdish Chandra Jain, Ph. D., 1944, published. 4. H'storical grammar of lupabhrarna Ganesh Vacudco Tagorc, Ph. D., 1946, published. Jaina Icofiography mainly in Svetambara Shantilal Chhaganlal Upadhyaya, Ph. D., 1949. 7. 8. Jaina community: A sosial survey Vilas Adinath Sangasc, Ph. D. 1950, published. The story of Ram in Jaira Literature as presented by Svetambara and Digambora pocts in the Psakrit,Sanskrit and Apabhrama Languages K. V. Abhynayas, Ph. D., 1952 unpublished. Criticisin of Buddhism and Jainism in Brahmasutra K. V. Aple, Ph. D., unpublished. Thc Paum Cariu of Svayambhu Dec (Vidyadhara kanda) H. C. Bhayani, Ph. D. published. History of Jaina Monachism from inscriptions and literature S. B. Dco, Ph. D., 1952 published. 9. 10.

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( ) 11. The story of Rama in Jain literature as presented by Svetam bara ard Digambara in the Prakrit, Sanskrit and Apabhramsa languagco Vaman Mabadeo Kulkarni, Ph. D. 1952. 12. The influence of Sanskrit directly or through Prakrit on Kannada. Varadraja Ramacharya Umarji, Ph. D. 1952. 13. Elements of Jaina Iconography Umakant Premananda Shah, Ph. D., 1953, published. 14. Avidya and the cognate concepts in Vedic, Buddhist and Jaina Darsanas Esther Abraham Solomon, Ph. D., 1954. Siddhasena Divakar: A study with special reference to his Snmatitarka P. N. Deo Ph. D., 1963, unpublished. A critical survey of the contribution of the Jaina writers to Nyaya. Vaisesika literature with a critical cdition of Nyayakandali of Sridhara-Acaraya. J. S. Jctli, Ph. D. 1953, unpublished. 16. 27. sagthyi aura jaina pariNAmavAda kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana (A comparative study of the parinamavada of Samkhya and Jainas) Indukala Jhayeri, Ph. D., 1953, unpublished. 18. A critical study of Mahapurana of Puspadanta (i. c. critical study of all the deshya and rare words from Puspadanta's Mahapurana and his other works) Smt. Ratna Sriyan, Ph. D., published. 19. paumacariTa evaM rAmacarita mAnasa kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana (A comparative study of Paum Cariu and Ramacarita Mapasa) G. N. Sathc, Ph.D., 1966, unpublished. Criticism of Buddhism and Jainism in Brahmasutra Keshav Vaman Apte, Ph. D., 1964. Srimad Rajacandra : A study Saryu Bhogilal Sheth, Ph. D., 1966, unpublished. 21.

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72. dia 7:19. The Jaioa Daba Kavya : A study Bhagwati Prasad Misbra, Ph. D., 1970, uopublished. Illustrated Jaina manuscripts from Digambara Bhagdaras Saryu B. Doshi, Ph.D., 1971. 23. 24. A critical study of the Paumcariyem of Vimalasuri Prabhakar Vizhadev Upadhye, Ph. D., 1982, unpublished. Theory of Karma in Jaipa Agamas Suman Pravida Cizodra Shah, Pb. D., unpublished. 25. Coirersity of Nagpur 1. Fra sfars it FTGE I ai (Bbaratiya Aryanbasa parivara li madhyavartini desihaslon ki dharaen) Bhalchandra Rao Telang, Ph. D., 1957, unpublished. bhaTTAraka mantradAya (History of the Brattaral Tradition) Vidyacher Joharaparkar, Ph. D., 1959, published. 3. A Critical study of the Monastic and Ascetic Life ia Jainism together with social ani political life based upon Nayadhamma. lahko B. V. Moharil, Ph. D., 1972, unpublished. madhyapradeza ke prAcIna saMskRta-prAkRta jaina gilAlevoM kA sAMskRtika aura sanAlocanAtmaka adhyayana (A cultural and critical study of the ancient Sapskrit-Prakrit Jaid? inscriptions of Madhya Pradesh) Kastoor Chand Jain, Ph. D., 1973, unpublished. 5. madhyakAlIna hindI jana kAya meM rahasyavAda Pushpalata Jain, Ph. D., 1975, unpublished. Jainism in Andhra as depicted in inscriptions Jawahar Lal Bhanta, Ph. D., 1979, unpublished.

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7, zramaNa sAhitya, darzana aura saMskRti kA itihAsa (History of Sramana Literature, Philosophy and Culture) Bhag chandra Jain, D. Litt. 1982. Registered ____ 1. prAkRta-saMskRta jaina sAhitya meM varNita vaidika saMskRti kA svarUpa (Vedic culture as described in Prakrit-Sanskrit Jaina Literature) Keshav Jain Poona University 2. 1. prAcIna mArAThI tila jaina sAhitya bhaMDAra Rayappa Tippanna Akkole, Ph. D., 1964, unpublished. Critical study of Prakrit Language in Sanskrit Dramas. Gargi Devi Uniyal, Ph. D., 1965, unpublished. 3. A Critical Study of the Prakrit Language in Sanskrit dramas. Thakurta Garji Guha, 1965. 4. Cultural history from the Vasudevahindi Aravind Prabhakar Jamkhedkar, Ph. D., 1969, unpublished. jaina paramparA meM rAmakathA sAhitya kA adhyayana (A study of the Ram-Katha literature in Jaina Tradition) S. K. Shah, Ph. D., 1971, unpublished. 7. jaina tIrthaMkara neminAtha vipayaka hindI kAvya U. B. Kothari, Ph. D., 1974, unpublished. saMskRta jaina sAhitya meM ullikhita jaina navatattva (marAThI) The nine catagoris of Jaina Philosophy as depicted in Sanskrit Jaina works) Sadhvi Darshanshecla Jain, Ph. D., 1978, unpublished. 8. madhyakAloparAnta hindI jaina sAhitya kA sAhityika evaM sAMskRtika anuzIlana (saM. 1901 se 2030 taka) M. V. Kandarkar

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( 48 ) Shivaji University, Kolbapor 1. Puspadest and bis works in Apabbrapsa D. B. Pathan, Ph.D., 1981, unpublisbed. GUJARAT 1. 2. Gujarat University, Ahmedabad Study of Hemachandra's sabdanusasana Mudrika Jadi, Ph. D. i san jin JET (Gujarati literature of 17th century) V. J. Chokashi, Ph. D. Literary circle of Maharalsa Vastucala and its contribution 10 sanskrit literature. B. J. Sardesara, Ph. D., published. 3. Development of Jaina Rama story V. M. Kulkarani, Ph. D. 6. Editing of Vilasaraikala P. M. Shah, Ph. D. The Samkhya-yoga and the Jaina Theories of Parinami Iodukala H. Jhaveri, Ph. D., 1953. The Natyadarpana of Rama-candra and Gunacandra : A critica study K. H. Trivedi, Ph.D., 1961. Dharmakirti and Aklanka: A study of former by the later Nagisadas J. Shah, Ph. D., 1965, published. The development of later Apabbramsa literature in Western lod! (Gujarati) Vidhatri Avinash Vora, Ph.D., 1967. 8. 9.

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10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. ( 53 ) The Jaina Gujarati pocts of 17th and 18th Century H. G. Shukla, Ph. D., 1969. A study of Jaina 'rasa' literature till 15th Century A. D. Sanatkumar Chunnilal Rangatia, Ph. D., 1970. A critical study of Sanskrit Rupaka Kathas and contribution of Mahopadhyaya Yasovijay Gani P. G. Patel, Ph. D., 1979. Critical study of early Jaina Theory of knowledge as found in Com. on Nandi by Malayagiri Harnarayana Pandya, Ph. D. 1979. vAdasiMha sUri kI gadyacintAmaNi kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana (A critical study of Gadyacintamani of Vadibha Singh Suri) J. S. Patel, Ph. D., 1980, unpublished. A study of Tattvartha-Sutra with Bhasya Suzuku Ohira, Ph. D. Registered The critical study of Jayavantasuri's Srngaramanjari Kanu Bhai Seth. Society as depicted in the Pali Jatakas and Prakrit Agamas Sudhaben Rakhe. The Anuogadvarasutra: A study Kanji Bhai Patel. A Subtle Body in Indian Tradition Sumati Ben Trivedi. Rishabhacarita by Vinayacandra Virendra Dev Dixit. Parsvacarita by Padmsundara Ksama Ben Munshi.

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( 48 ) 7. Critical study of carly Jaina theory of knowlcdgc as found in com. on Nandi by Malaygiri Harnarayan Pandya. The Rescarch work on the Telugu and Jaina Ramayana Malaya Vasini Ben. 8. 1. Baroda University Philosophy of Srimad Rujacandra Shantilal Maganlal Shah, Ph. D., 1966, unpublished. RAJASTHAN 1. 2. Rajasthan University, Jaipur Jainism in Rajasthan K. C. Jain, Ph. D., 1956, published. Terapanthi Scct of Jainas belonging to Svetambnra School I. C. Sharma, Ph. D., 1959, unpublishicd. greint free (Prakrit Pengalam : A Text on Prakrit and Apablirami metres) Bhola Shankar Vyas, D. Litt, 1959, published. 3. 4. 5. 6. 13 vIM zatAbdI ro 14 vIM zatAbdI taka ke jaina saMskRta mahAkAvya (Jaina Sanskrit Malukavyas of 13th to 14th Century) Shyam Shankar Dixit, Ph. D., 1963, unpublished. Ethical doctrinc in Jainism K. C. Sogani, Ph. D., 1961, published. Ancient Citics in Rajasthan K. C. Jain, D. Litt., 1964, published. rAjasthAnI belI sAhitya (Rajasthani Beli Literature) Narendra Bhanavat, Ph. D., 1965,published.

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( 55 ) 8. Jaina Grantha Bhanduras in Rajasthan K.C Kashliwala, Ph. D., 1969, published. 9. jaina kaviyoM ke brajabhApA pravandha-kAvyoM kA adhyayana (A study of Brajabhasa Prabandha Kavyas of Jaina Pocis) Lal Chandra Jain, Ph. D., 1969, unpublished. 10. mahAkavi jinaharpa : eka anuzIlana (Mahakavi Jinaharsa : A study) J. C. Sharma, Ph. D. 1969, unpublished. 11. sadhArU kRta pradyumnacarita ke vizeSa sandarbha meM pradyumnacarita kAvya kA tulanAtmaka tathA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana / (A comparative and critical study of Prayumna. Carila with special reference to Pradyumna-carita of Sadharu) Madan Gopal Sharma, Ph. D. 1969, unpublished. 12. rAjasthAnI gadya zailI kA vikAsa (Development of Rajasthani Prose Style) Ram Kumar Garva, Ph. D. 1970, unpublished. 13. terApaMthI jaina zvetAmbara sampradAya kA rAjasthAnI aura hindI sAhitya (Rajasthani and Hindi literature of Terapanthi Jaina Syetambara Scct) B. N. Purohit, Ph. D. 1970, unpublished. 14. gahAkavi samayasundara aura unakI rAjasthAnI racanAe~ (Mahakavi Samaya Sundara and his Rajasthani works) S. A. Swami, Ph. D. 1971, unpublished. 15. jaina saMskRta mahAkAvya (Jaina Sanskrit Mahakavyas) . Satyavrat, Ph. D., 1972, unpublished. jaina rAmakathA paramparA (Jaina tradition of the story of Rama) Sitaram Sharma, Ph. D., 1976, unpublished. 17. jaina harivaMzapurANa kA sAMskRtika adhyayana (A cultural study of Jaina Harivarisapurana) Prem chand Jain, Ph. D., 1977, unpublished.

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18. nArthakara mAdinAtha aura unakA mAnavIya saMskRti ke unnayana meM yogadAna (Tirthankara Edinatha and His contribution to the development of human culture) Kokila Jain, Ph. D. 1981, unpublished. 19. AdikAlIna hindI rAma nAhitya : eka adhyayana (Hindi Rasa literature of Adil:ala : A study) M. L. Gangawat 20. hindI ke madhyayugIna jaina premAndhAnakA kAvya (Medicval Jaina Premakhyanala Yavyas of Hindi) Kum. Snchlata Baj 21, yAnI phAga nAhitya aura usakA mAMjhAnika mahattva (Rajsthani Faga literature and its cultural study) Smt. Ram.ch Kumari larik 22. brahma jinadAna : vyakiya gavaM kRtitva (Brahma Jindas : Life and works) Premchand Ranvaka mugalalAma aura unakA nAhitya (Kushal Labha and his literature) M. M. Svarup Mathur 24. kumana lAmAna gAthA nAhitya kA lokatAyika adhyayana (Lokatattvika study of the Katha literature of Kusbalalabha) Smt. Rukmani Vaishya 23. B. I. T. S. University, Pilani 1, vikrama kI aThArahavIM zatAbdI kA rAjasthAnI jaina sAhitya ( Rajasthani Jaina literature of 18th Century V.S.) Basanthal Sharma. Ph. D 1968, unpublished. University of Jodhpur J. napAnakana nilakAjaga kA namAlocanAtmaka adhyayana (A critical study o: Tilakamaijaij of Dhanapala) Pushpa Gupta, Ph. D. 1978, unpublished.

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( 57 ) 2. The concept of substance in Jaina Thought ___Vijaylaxmi, Ph. D., 1979, unpublished. janadarzana meM syAhAda : eka samAlocanAtmaka adhyayana (A critical study of Syadvada in Jaina Philosophy) Kanchan Lodha, Ph. D., 1979, unpublished. Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur 1. Economic ideas in Jainism Shyamlal Mandawal, Ph. D. 1972, unpublislicd. 2. kuvalayamAlA kA sAMskRtika adhyayana (A cultural study of Kuvalayannala) Prem Suman Jain, Ph. D., 1973, published. Jain Mysticism Shanti Jain, Ph. D., unpublished. bhaTTAraka sakalakIti : eka adhyayana (Bhattaraka Sakalakirti : a study) Bihari Lal Jain, Ph. D., unpublished. rayaNacUDarAyacariyaM kA AlocanAtmaka sampAdana evaM adhyayana (A critical edition and study of Rayanacudarayacariyan) Hukam Chand Jain, Ph. D., 1983, unpublished. HARAYANA University of Kurukshetra 1. gAthA saptazatI tathA rItikAlIna zrAMgArika satasaI kAvya kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana (A comparative study of Gata Saptasati and amorous Satasai litcrature of Riti age) Pushp Lata, Ph. D., 1969, unpublished.

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2. 3. 4, 72 Fizzi si 51373 7171 * 05343 (The study of Praksit language in the dramas of Kalida.a) Santosh Kumari, Ph.D., 1971), unpublished. Origin and doclopment of Jaina Socis and Schools Muni Ullam Kamal, s'n. 1). 1972, publishicd. 2017 57 taikiufz0777111771-179. 777197 (A critical study of Sarvarthasiddhi of Pujya pada) Sinmat Kumar Jain, Ph. D., 1961, unpublished. A critical study of Tilava Marijari vif Dhanapala S.K. Sharma, Pi, D., unpublished. A critical study of Candraprabhacarita of Viranandi lazmi Narain, Ph. 1)., 1972, unpublished. 5. 6. 1. Registered A critical and Comparative study of Jaina Kumarasambhava Surendra Sharma TTT 117 1917 Jallu Pracad 2. Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohatak I. 9947734032 7 77152779917 (A study of Baumariu and its impact on laies Hindi CaritaKanas, Ram viva. Gupta, Pn. 1). 1979, unpublished. PUNJAB i Punjah University fpt 710 17 173, 177 oz Ernst 712571 Gizi 17. man (6 parative study of main Gronage of Hindi Raniakatha literature with that of Sanskrit, Praksit and prabhrana Ramyatha literature, Macunlai, '. D)., 1977, unpublished.

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( 48 ) 2. paMjAba ke hindI jaina kAvyoM kA sarvAGgINa adhyayana aura mUlyAMkana Mulakh Raj, Ph. D., 1981, unpublished. . Punjabi University, Patiala * 1. The Doctrine of Liberation in Indian Religions with special reference to Jainism Muni Shiv Kumar Jain, Ph. D., 1978, unpublished. BENGAL Calcutta University 1. 2. A study of Karpuramanjari Manmohan Ghosh, Ph. D., 1938, published. Reals in the Jaina Metaphysics Harisatya Bhattacharya, Ph. D., 1947, published. Somc fundamental problems of Jaina Philosophy Nathmal Tatia, D. Litt., 1951, published. 4. The Eastern School of Prakrit grammarians Satyaranjon, Banerjce, Ph. D., 1964, unpublished. The Jaina Theory of Perception Puspa Bothra, Ph. D., 1970, published. 6. Introduction and development of Jainism in South India K. Mishra, Ph. D., 1973, unpublished. 1. Jadavpur University History of Apabhramsa language and literaterc Murari Mohan Sengupta, Ph. D., 1968, unpublished.

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KARNATAK Karnata University, Dharwad 2. 5. Jainism in South India and some Jaina epigraphs P. B. Desai, D. Litt. 1954, published. Some prablems of Jaina Psychology Javaou Gunduppa Kalghatgi, Ph. D., 1959, published. Sravanavelagola and its monuments S. Sertar, Ph.D., unpublished. Aihole, Its History and monuments S. Rajashekhar, Ph. D., unpublished. Kansada Literature in the neighbourhocd of Kavirajamarga M. M Kalburgi, Ph.D., 1970, unpublished. Jaida Ramayan of Abhinava Pampa Sangamanath, Po. D., unpublished. Nagachandra and his works S. C. Handi, Ph. D., unpublished. Nayasepa and His works S. S. Bonad, Ph.D., unpublished. Popoa and His Santipurana Miss Uma Devi, Ph.D., unpublished, The nature of self in Jaipa Philosoply: A comparative study N. Vasupal, Ph. D. 1931, unpublished. 10. KERALA Kerala University 1. Praksit 1020 words in Malayalam P. M. Joseph, Ph.D., 1981, unpublished. Calicut Loiversity 1. A critical study of Nakkirar and his works M.P.R. M. Ramaswamy, Pa. D., 1932, unpublished.

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TAMILNADU, ANDHRA University of Annamalai 1. 2. Buddhism as expounded in Manimekhalai S. N. Khandaswami, Ph. D., 1971. Epic tradition in Silappatikaram and Manimekhalai K. Lakshmanaswami, Ph. D., 1976. Prosody in Silappatikaram N. V. Jayaraman, Ph. D., 1976. 3. University of Madras 1. 2. The Language of Sangam Literature and Tolakkappiyam T. Natarajan, Ph. D., 1976. Evolution and cvaluation of Epic Literature in Tamil with special reference to silappatikaram R. Kasirajan, Ph. D, 1977, unpublished. A critical study of the differences in the commentaries of Tolakkappiyam with special reference 10 Akatibinai Iyal and Pusatthinai Iyal K. P. Arunachalam, Ph. D. 1977, unpublished. 3 4. Tiruvalluvar and Humanism G. Ramchandran, Ph. D. 1978, unpublished. Tolakkappiyam Tirukkuralum or Oppayvu : A comparative study of Tolakkappiyam and Tirukkural literary criticism T. Manian, Ph. D, 1980, unpublished. Imagination in the three great cpics-silappu, Maaimckhalai and Cintamani T. K. Tharani, Ph. D. 1980. 6. 7. Tamil Culture as revcalcd in Tirukuural E. S. Mathuswami, Ph. D. 1981.

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8. 9, A study of warfare up to the period of sileppatikaram T. Kandaswamy, Ph. D. 1981. Subagiku's Vasavdatta and Nemicandra's Silavati: a comparative study K. Mabalingz Bhatta Ph. D., 1982, unpublisted. Kamraj University, Madurai 1. Critical studies in Terasam of Appar A. M. Parim2cam, Ph. D., 1974. 2. Cultural and Social history as Teiealed in Silappatikaram P. Alagukrisho20, Ph. D. 1977. The Grammer of Tolakkappiyan and the language Pathinenki!!:kackiu: A comparative study A. Atritas, Pa. D., 1979, unpublished. Osmania University, Hyedarabad Every da; life in Aaciea: India as depicted in Prakrit literature K. Kam22, Ph.D., 1972. ORISSA Ctkal lipirersity, Bhavosstara 1. A critical esition of Markander's Prakrit Sarvasva Krisboa Ct2sorz acharya, Ph. D., 1968. unpublished,

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JAINOLOGICAL RESEARCHES ABROAD The traditional chronology of the Jaina and an outline of the political development of India from Ajatasatru to Kaniska Shantilal Shah, (Teildr.) Wurzburg 1934. 55 S-Vollst. als : Bonner Oricntalist. Studien, 9.-Bonn, Phil, Diss. 1934. The Jnata Stories in the 6th Anga of the canons of the Jaina Huttemann, Wilhelm Fredinand, Strasburg 1907. 51 S.-Auch im Buchb. Malli-Jnata : the 8th Section of the 6th Anga Nayadhammakabao of the Svetambara-Jaina Canon Roth, Gustav, (Mschr.) 1952. Getr. Pag. Munchen, Phil Diss. 1952. 3. 5. Specimen of the Nayadhammakalvao Steinthal, P, Berlin 1881, 84 S. Leipzig, Phil. Diss. 1882. A Critical Introduction to the Panhvugaranam, the tenth Anga of the Jaina Canon Sen, Amulyachandra, Wurzburg 1936. 67 S.-Hamburg, Phil. Diss. 1935 (1937). The Aupapatika Sutra : The first Upanga of Jaina with Introduction, text and glossary Leumann, Ernest, Leipzig 1812.--Leipzig. Phil. Diss. 1882. Upon the last fasting in the old Painna in the Jaina Canon Kamptz, Kurt Von. 6. 7. 8. The Suryaprajnapti and history of the text of Jambudvipaprajnapti by specimen Kohl, Josef Fricdich, Bonn 1937. XLII, 18 S.-Vollst. als : Bonner Orientalist Studien. 20.-Bonn, 1937. Phil. Diss. 1937. The Kaipasutra : The old Jaina ascetic text, translation, glossary etc. Schubring, Walther, Leipzig 1905. 71 S.-Indica, 2-Strasburg, Phil. Diss. 1904.

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( Ex ) 10. Giyatthavibara-6th section of the Mahaaisjhasutta, text, translation, glossary, etc. Hamm, Frank Richard, (Mschr.) 1946. 80 BI.-Hamburg, Phil. Dios, 1943. The Jaina version of the Sagara story Fick, Richard, Kiel 1888. XXIII, 29, 1. S., I Bl. Kiel, Phil. Diss. 188. 12. Harivamsapurana : A portion of the the Mahapurana of Puspadanta and Introduction of the study of Apabhrari.sa text, etc. Alsdorf, Ludwing, Hamburg 1936. XII, 515 S.-Alt. u. neuindische Studien. 5. -Berlin, Phil Diss. Hab. Schr. 1935. 13. Silanka's Caupannamahapurisacariya: An Introduction to our koowledge of the Jaina Universal History. Bruhn, Klaus, Hamburg 1934. IX. 153 S. -Alt. . neuindische Studien. 8. --Hamburg, Phil. Diss. 1955. 14. The Kumarapalapratibodha : An Introduction to our knowledge, Apabhramsa and the story literature of the Jairas Alsdorf, Ludwing, Hamburg 1928. XII, 227 S. Alt. u. neuindischc 2. - Hamburg, Phil Diss. 1928 (1930). Upamitibhayaprapanca : A specimen Jacobi, Hermann (Georg). Bonn 1891. 24 S. Ia : Programm zur Grundungsseir d. Univ. Bonn 1891. 15. 16. The Dharmapariksa: A study in the literature and history of religions Mirnow, Nicolaus Leipzig 1903, 56 S. Strasburg, Phil. Diss. 1903. 17. Digambara Text, their Language, ctc. Denecke, Walter, (Mschr.) 1923. 95 S-Auszug: Mschr. 4 Bi. Hamburg. Phil Diss. 1923. (1925). On the Vajjalaggam Laber, Julius, (the Prakrit Anthology). Leipzig 1913. 45 S.-Bonn, Phil. Diss. 1913. 18.

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( 84 ) : 19. * The Grammar:of sakatayana. Adhyaya 1 pada 1 'with Yaksavarman's Commentary (Chintamani) Sukthankar; Vishnu Sitaram, Leipzig 1921, 90'S.-Berlin, Phil. Diss.: 1921. 20. Prolegomena to Trivikarama's Prakrit Grammar Laddu, Tukaram, Halle a. S. -Halle, Phil, Diss, 1912. 21. Hemacandra's Linganusasana with the commentary; * Franke, R: Otto, Gottingen 1836. XVII. 23, 74:S., 1. Bl:-Gottingen, Pbil. Diss..1886.. 22. Upon the Stand of Indian Philosophy of Mahavira and Buddha Schrader, Friendrien Otto, Leipzig 1902. X, 68'S. -Strasburg, Phil. Diss. 1902. 23. The Doctrine of Karma according to Karma-granthas Glasenapp. Helmuth Von, Leipzig 1915. 115. S.-Bonn. Phil. Diss. 1915. (The above joformation is based on-Verzeichniscindienkundlicher Hochschschulschriften. Deustschland--Osterreich-Schweiz. Von Klaus Ludwig Jenert;:1961, Otto-Harrassowitz. Wiesbaden); 1. Studien zum Mahanisiha, Kapitel 1-5 (Together with Jozef Deleu). Alt- und Neuindische Stuien Vol. 10, Hamburg 1963. Drei Chedasutrus des Jaina. Kanons : Ayaradasao, Vavahara, Nisiha, Mit einem Beitrag von Collette Caillat. 11, Hamburg 1966. Prof. Schubring As a kind of supplement to No. 1 nay be regarded Schubring's contribution to the Melanges d' Indianisme a la memoire de Louis Renou (Paris 1968): Zwei Reyen Mahaviras (Translation fron the Mahanisiha). Dr. L. Alsdorf delivered in 1964, Lectures on Jaina Studies : present conditions and future task, at the College de France in Paris. They have been published in French : "Les studien Jaina, etat present' ct taches futures, Paris 1965. He also published a number of articles dealing with the Uttaradbyayatia.

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His article sitthiparinna" A chapter of Jaina monastic poetry, cdited as a contribution to Indian prosudy, appcarcu in 1958 in vol. II of the Indo-Iranian Journal. It has been translated into Gujarati by Dr. A. N. Jani and was published in the Golden Jubilcc Vol." by Shri Mahavir Jaina Vidyalaya, Bombay. Dr. (Mrs) A. Meile prepared a critical translation and study of the Pinda section of the Oghanijjutti. Two students prepared their Doctorate theses. One dealing with the Pinda chapter of the Mulacara as compared with the correspanding Svetambar texts : the other with another Digambar text, the Bhagvati Mularadhana. This will give an idea of the work done in Hamburg.. - Oxford Jaina theory of Rcality and Knowleduje Y. J. Padmarajiah, Ph. D., 1955, [The cntcries in the above bibliography are subjecito corrections and additions.]

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