Bhavyas Controversy With Yogacara In Appendix To Prajnapradipa Chapter XXV

Author(s): Christian Lindtner
Publisher: Christian Lindtner
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/269717/1

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BHAVYA'S CONTROVERSY WITH YOGACARA IN THE APPENDIX
TO PRAJNAPRADIPA, CHAPTER XXV.
BY
CHRISTIAN LINDTNER (Nærum)
The four major extant works of the Madhyamika philosopher Bhavya (or Bhāvaviveka, c. 490-570) Madhyamakahṛdayakārikā (with the autocommentary Tarkajvālā), Prajñāpradipa, Karatalaratna (i.e. Zhang-zhen lùn) and Madhyamakaratnapradipa- all provide remarkable evidence of his sustained controversy with what had, from common roots, through a process of still, to some extent, obscure development gradually grown into the main rival and independent branch of Mahāyāna philosophy in the sixth century A.D., viz. Yogācāra.' Though Madhyamikas had been criticizing their svayuthyas before Bhavya was to do so,2 and though the successors in his own school continued to do so, each in his own way,' in the following centuries, none of them seem to have done so with such a display of deep personal involvement and subtle thoroughness as Bhavya. Provoked by the rapidly expanding influence of these philosophers whom he, as it were, considered as svanītāv abhimāninaḥ — viz. Asanga, Vasubandhu, Dignāga and their followers- and their dogmas of cittamätra, svabhāvatraya, ālayavijäna, etc. he engaged himself in a debate with the distinct objective of vindicating, in
1 For further details about Bhavya and the works ascribed to him, see my Adversaria Buddhica in WZKS, XXVI (1982), pp. 1.72-184, and On Bhavya's Ratnapradipa to appear in Indologica Taurinensia, XII. For his controversy with Yogacara see my Bhavya's Controversy with Yogacara in the Ratnapradipa, chapter IV, to appear in B. K. Matilal (ed.), Buddhist logic and epistemology, and Kōsai Yasui, Chugan Shiso no Kenkyu, Kyoto 1961 (in Japanese).
2 The earliest critique of what was later to become some of the basic dogmas of Yogacara is in fact already found in the Lankavatarasutra (cf. e.g. II, 198 & III, 48). There can be no doubt that this sūtra was (in some earlier form than the textus receptus) known to Nagarjuna and Aryadeva. Thus there are clear allusions to it in Nagarjuna's controversy with the «Vijñānavādins» in Bodhicittavivarana, 25-56 (edited in my Nagarjuniana, Copenhagen 1982, pp. 180-217). These two texts are the most important documents for the controversy with Yogacara (a term which is not free from ambiguity) before Bhavya, who frequently claims them as his authorities.
Among the numerous post-Bhavya Madhyamikas criticizing Yogacara (or Vijñānavāda) Candrakirti (c. 530-600, cf. 40, XL (1979), p. 91), being not only a (partly) contemporary and a rival of Bhavya, but also to some extent acquainted with Dharmapala's (and Sthiramati's?) retorts to Bhavya, is of foremost interest. See his Madhyamakāvatāra, pp. 135-202 (ed. La Vallée Poussin); Pañcaskandhaprakarana, pp. 115-121 (ed. Lindtner); Sunyatasaptativṛtti, Ya fol. 318b7-32067 (Peking ed.).
Madhyamakahṛdayakārikā, V, 1 with Tarkajvālā.
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accordance with agama supported by yukti, the Madhyamaka system of Nägarjuna and his followers as the fundamentally orthodox form of Buddhism. The documents pertaining to this somewhat neglected controversy between the two main schools of Mahäyäna retain for us today a record of the greatest historical and intellectual interest.
The earliest, most extensive and comprehensive critique of Yogacara is to be found in Bhavya's magnum opus: Madhyamakahṛdayakärikä (MHK), V, 1-113 with the commentary Tarkajvälä (TJ). The latest is provided by Madhyamakaratnapradipa (MRP), IV, called Neyärthatathyasamvṛtiprajñā which is also, in a sense, the most mature and, in accordance with the scope of MRP as a whole, the most gratifying from the point of view of systematic presentation." From the interjacent period we have the critique of svabhävatraya etc. in the appendix of Bhavya's commentary Prajñāpradipa (PP) to the Nirväṇaparikṣā chapter of Nägärjuna's Mülamadhyamakakärikä, and the critique of paratantrasvabhava, tathata, etc. in *Karatalaratna or *Talaratna (TR). Like MRP they draw heavily from MHK and TJ, to which they not only all expressly refer for further details, but from which they derive the substance of their arguments and often even their very form of phrase. Thus PP, TR and MRP when seen in relation to MHK and TJ show, apart from minor additions and omissions, an almost complete substantial dependency on the work of his youth, but seen in relation to one another prove to be mutually supplementary. But even if PP, TJ and MRP do not offer much new from the point of view of philosophical arguments they certainly indicate a clear development in the style and form of presenting his basic ideas. A study of all his contributions in their chronological order thus provides us with a unique opportunity to catch a glimpse into his workshop and follow his development, not so much as a philosopher but rather as a creative author and stylist engaged in reshuffling and systematizing his original ideas anew in accordance with the demands of the scope of the work in progress as a whole.
As Bhavya's critique of Yogacara in MHK (TJ), TR and MHK will be dealt with elsewhere, I shall here confine myself to offer a critical edition of the Tibetan version of the appendix to (the now lost Sanskrit original of) PP, XXV, only adding that an annotated English translation by Dr. David Eckel will appear in Indiske Studier
5 Cf. Shotaro lida, Agama (Scripture) and Yukti (Reason) in Bhavaviveka, in Kanakura Kinenronbunshu, Tokyo 1966, pp. 79-96. See also the same author's Reason and Emptiness. A Study in Logic and Mysticism, Tokyo 1980.
6 Until the extant Sanskrit text of MHK is published one may refer to Susumu Yamaguchi's edition of the Tibetan version (with a Japanese translation) in the appendix to his Bukkyo ni okeru Mu to Uno Tairon, Tokyo 1941/19642. It is based on the Peking and Derge editions.
7 Cf. my papers referred to in note I and my translation of the first chapter in JIP, IX (1981), pp. 169-177.
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(Copenhagen 1984), and that the Chinese version of PP omits the appendix. The sources on which this recension of the Tibetan version is based are as follows: P: Prajñāpradipa-mülamadhyamakavṛtti, Tibetan Tripitaka, Peking edition, No. 5253, Tsha fol. 303a6-312a8.
D: Prajñāpradipa-mulamadhyamakavṛtti, Tibetan Tripitaka, Derge edition, No. 3853, Tsha fol. 242a1-249a1.
A: Prajñāpradipațikā, Tibetan Tripitaka, Peking edition, No. 5259, Za fol. 322a1-362a1l.
Prajñāpradipatika. Tibetan Tripitaka, Derge edition, No. 3859, Za fol. 271a4-305a4.
The translators of Bhavya's Vrtti as well as Avalokitavrata's excellent Tikā to it were Jnanagarbha and Klu'i rgyal mtshan." The Vṛtti is quoted in the Tika in its entirety and is virtually identical with the form it has in the version of the PP, the very few variants (see the apparatus criticus) being, perhaps with one or two exceptions, accounted for by subsequent scribal corruption.
PRAJNAPRADIPA Ch. XXV.
[1] rnal 'byor spyod pa pa1 dag gis smras pa:
«dmigs pa thams cad ñer žiži || spros pa ñer zi zi ba ste ||
sans rgyas kyis ni gań du yan || su la'an chos 'ga' ma bstan to ||>>2
żes bya ba ni bden na de rtogs par bya ba'i thabs gian gyi dban la skur pa 'debs pa de ni mi run ste; 'o na ji lta bu że na?
1
who bo ñid gsum ies par bya || dan po kun tu brtags pa yin || gnis pa gian gyi dban yin te || tha ma yons su grub pa yin ||**
* For the translators see J. Naudou, Les bouddhistes kasmiriens au Moyen Age, Paris 1968.
1 pa pa PE : pa po D: pa A
2 Mulamadhyamakakārikā, XXV, 24 (ed. Lindtner): sarvopalambhopaśamaḥ prapañcopasamaḥ śivaḥ |
na kva cit kasya cit kaś cid dharmo buddhena desitaḥ ||
3 kun tu PEA: kun du D
* This and the two following verses are quoted from Asanga's Xian-yang-shèng-jiao-lùn, see Taishō daizōkyō, XXXI, 1602, 55767-8.
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de la gan gi tshe kun brtags pa'iño bo ñid med pa'i phyir mi dmigs sin, gźan gyidban gi no bo ñid kyan rgyu mtshan du mi 'dzin pas yan dag par rjes su mi mthon" ba de'i tshe na dmigs pa thams cad ñe barzi ba yin no.
«mtshan ñid de bźin skye ba dan || don dam no bo ñid med pas ||
no bo ñid ni gsum po dag || no bo ñid med ñid du 'dod ||»5
la. Parikalpitasvabhāva]
[2] de dag dan Ihan cig tu 'di dpyad par bya ste; de la kun brtags pa'i no bo fid ces bya ba de gan yin? de mishan Aid no bo ñid med pa ñid kyis no bo ñid med pa ni ji lta bu yin?
gal te kun brtags pa'i no bo ñid ni chos rnams kyi no bo nid dan, khyad par la sogs par tha snad pa'i rnam par rtog pa gan yin pa ste ('di lta ste: no bo ñid du rnam par rtog pa ni gzugs dan, tshor ba źes bya ba la sogs par rnam par rtog pa'o; khyad par du rnam par rtog pa ni bstan du yod pa dan, bstan du med pa źes bya ba la sogs par rnam par rtog pa'o), de mtshan ñid no bo ñid med pa ñid kyis no bo Aid med pa ni rgyu mtshan la sogs pa lňa po dag gi khons su ma gtogs pa'i phyir ro (de de Itar yod pa ma yin yan min don la 'jug pa las kun nas ñon mons par 'gyur te, ji Itar min don la 'jug pa de Itar byis pa rnams de'i no bo ñid la mnon par źen par byed do) że na?
de la11 'dir gal te gzugs źes bya bar yid la brjod pa dan, tshig tu brjod pa'i kun brtags pa'i no bo Aid gan yin pa de med do że na ni, dños po la skur pa 'debs pa yin te, yid la brjod pa dan, tshig tu brjod pa la skur pa 'debs pa'i phyir ro.
ci stel gan yan run bas de gris kyi don kun brtags pa gan yin pa de med de, dper na thag pa la sbrul bźin no że na ni, kun brtags pa med pa ma yin te, de la rnam pa 'dra bas blo gros 'khrul pas kun brtags pa'i don med kyan tha sñad du sbrul 'khyil ba la1 de med pa ma yin pa'i phyir ro. ci ste tha sñad du'an sbrul 'khyil ba la-14 sbrul med do że
80
5 ibid., 55 7b15-16, q.v. (Bhavya also follows Asanga in the sequel!)
6 mthon PDE: gton A
7 kyi PDE: kyis A
8 pa ni A: pa'i PDE
9 par A: pa PDE
10
du ADE: par P
par
11 la PDE: Ita A
12 pa'i AE: pa PD
13 ci ste PDE: ji ste A (semper ji pro ci infra)
14 de med pa ma yin pa'i phyir ro. ci ste tha sñad du'an (P: du yan AE) sbrul 'khyil ba la om. D 15 ma PAE: mi D

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na ni, grags pa'i gnod par 'gyur ro; ci ste don dam par dños po sel bar byed na ni, dbu ma pa'i tshul gyis rjes su smra ba yin te, don dam par sbrul rdzas su yod pa ma yin pa'i phyir dar, no bo ñid las skye ba med pa'i phyir ro. thag pa dan sbrul 'khyil ba la mais dmigs pa kho nar thag pa dan sbrul gyi blo skye na ni, pha rol pò ran la ses par byed par16 rab tu ma grub bo. gan yan run ba la ma grub pa ni gtan tshigs ma yin no żes bya ba der tha sñad kyi dus su ni phyogs gñi ga la grags pa'i sgrub par?? byed pa 'dod par bya'o - zes snar bstan zin to.
kun brtags pa'i don yod pa ma yin par ston par 'dod pas18 ni slob dpon gyis dbu ma pa'i tshul 'thad pa dan bcas pa bka'stsal pa ñid 'dod par bya ste, brjod par bya ba'i no bo ñid bkag pa kho nas yul de la yid dan tshig gi brjod pa 'jug pa ldog pa'i phyir ro. 19
kun brtags pa'i mtshan ñid med do że na ni, gtan tshigs kyi don ma grub pa ñid de, min ni gzugs dan 'du byed du gtogs pa'i phyir dan, no bo ñid dan, rtog pa dar, rjes su dran pa'i20 rnam par rtog pa dag kyan rnam par ses pa dań, 'du byed kyi phun por gtogs pa'i phyir ro.
gźan yan tha sñadi- pa'i brjod pa 'jug pa ni brjod 21 par bya ba'i don gyi no bo ñid dan, khyad par gyi yul can yin la, don dam par brjod par bya ba'i don gyi no bo nid dan, khyad par bkag pa'i phyir mnon par zen pa'i ñon mons pa mi 'thad de, skyes bu22 'phyon ma pas gzugs su byas pa'i na chur la bdag med pa ñid du rtogs23 pa bżin pas min gi dban gis don la mnon par zen par mi rigs te, tshul bźin ma yin pa yid la byed pa las rigs so.
IB. Paratantrasvabhāva]
[3] de bźin du gzan gyi dban gi no bo ñid ces bya ba de yan gan yin?
chos rnams kyi rten cin 'brel par 'byur ba'i no bo nid kun nas ñon mons pa dar, rnam, par byan ba'i gźi gan yin pa ste:24
«btags pa25 rgyu mtshan bcas phyir dan 11 gźan du gñis po med phyir dan 11
16 par AE : pa PD 17 sgrub par PD: ses par AE 18 pas PD: pa AE 19 Reference to Mülamadhyamakakärikā, XVIII, 6, q.v. 20 pa'i AE : pa PD 21 pa'i brjod pa 'jug pa ni brjod om. P 22 bu PDE : bu dan A 23 rtogs AE: rtog PD 24 ste PD: de AE » btags pa AE : brtags pa'i PD (ut sæpius infra)

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kun nas ñon mors dmigs pa'i phyir 11 gian dban yod pa ñid du 'dod ||»26
'di la yan gal te gźan gyi dban gi27 no bo ñid tha sñad kyi bden par gtogs par 'dod na ni, de 'dod la rag ste, de ston pa don med do. ci ste don dam par na ni rten cin 'brel par 'byun ba ma yin te, skye ba med pa'i rab tu byed par bstan pa'i tshul gyis skye ba bkag pa'i phyir ro.28
«btags pa rgyu mtshan bcas phyir dan» źes bya ba de yan phyogs kyi chos ma yin pa'i phyir, gtan tshigs kyi don ma grub pa ñid do. ci ste yan, «btags pa rgyu mtshan bcas phyir daň» żes bya ba 'dir chos mthun pa'i dpe'i tshig yin pas de'i phyir rjes su dpag pa ni don dam par gźugs zes btags pa gan yin pa de ni rgyu mtshan dan bcas pa ñid yin te, btags pa'i phyir ro źes brjod par byed na yan, dper na 'di Ita bu'o źes bya ba'i rjes su 'gro ba med pas gtan tshigs kyi don ma grub pa ñid do.gtan tshigs kyi don 'gal ba ñid kyan yin te, gtan tshigs spyir29 brjod pa'i phyir ro.
gan dag30 don dam par min dan gzugs skye ba med do zes dam bcas pa de la dam bcas pa'i skyon 'dogs par byed pa de dag gal te rjes su dpag pas gnod pa smra na, de nid kyi phyir de la rjes su dpag pas gnod pa med do. ci ste grags pas gnod do że na? de ni dan po ñid du lan btab zin to. ci ste mnon sum gyis gnod do że na? de yandir skabs med do. [4] don dam pa ni gñis su med pa'i phyir ci žig gan gis kun nas non mons pa dan, rnam par byan bar 'gyur?
don dam par skye ba med par smra ba ni kun nas ñon mons pa dan, rnam par byan ba la skur pa 'debs pa ma yin no! skur pa 'debs pa ma yin pa ma yin te, 'di Itar mdo sde las: -
«thog ma med pa'i dus Idan khams 11 sa bon kun gyi gnas yin te 11 de yod pas na31 'gro kun dan || mya nan 'das pa thob par 'gyur ||» 32
26 The Sanskrit of this (= Xian-yang-shèng-jido-lùn, 5580 25–26, 4.v.) is found as Madhyamakahrdayakārikā, V, 6: prajñapteh sanimittatvád anyathā dvayanāśatah samkleśasyopalabdheś ca paratanträstitā mata |
27 dban gi AE : omm. PD 28 Reference to Mülamadhyamakakärikā, I, 1, q.v. 29 spyir DAE: phyir P 30 dag PD: omm. AE 31 na AE : ni PD
32 From Abhidharmasutra (quoted Mahāyānasamgrahabhäşya, Trimsikābhāsya, Ratnagotravibhäga, etc.): anädikāliko dhātuḥ sarvabijasamāśrayaḥ tasmin sati gatih sarvä nirvanādhigamo 'pi call - note that Bhavya here (as e.g. TJ, 235a 7) reads "bijafor dharma
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ies gsuns pas; de ni gźan gyi dhan yin par 'dod de, de yan dag na ni chos kyi dbyins żes bya la, ma dag na ni non mons pa can źes bya'o że na?
mdo sde las de skad gsuns pa ni tha sñad kyi bden pa'i lugs gsal bar bya ba'i phyir te,33 <>38
33 te DAE to P
34 ro DAE to P
35 bsam pa P: bsams pa DAE (which is possible)
36 phyir PD: phyir ro AE
37 From Lankavatarasutra, II, 191~X, 305 (ed. Nanjio q.v. for variants):
nāsti vai kalpito bhavaḥ paratantraś ca vidyate |
samāropāpavādam hi vikalpänte (!) vinasyati ||
-references to this in Dharmapala's commentary to Catuḥśataka (Taishō daizōkyō, XXX, 1571, 247b 23 ff., q.v.) and in numerous later Madhyamaka texts (Pañcaskandhaprakarana, Sunyatasaptativṛtti, Satyadvayavibhangavṛtti, etc.). Cf. also Kajiyama in WZKSO, XII-XIII (1968/1969), pp. 200-203,
and Tarkajvālā to MHK, V, 68.
38 From Arya-Bhavasamkrāntisutra (quoted Bodhisattvabhumi, Tattvasamgrahapañjikā, etc. = Madhyamakahṛdayakārikā, V, 74):
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żes bya ba dan, de bżin du:
«bskyed bya med cin skyes pa med || rkyen rnams dag ni gan dag kyan || 'ga' yan39 gan na'an yod pa min tha sñad du ni brjod par bya ||»40
żes bya ba dan, de bżin du:
«gan la cun zad skye med cin || 'gag pa'an cun zad yod min pa41 11 'gro ba dben mthon de la ni || yod pa ñid dan med ñid med ||» 42
ces bya ba la sogs pa gsuns pa lta bu'o. [6] khyed cag chos kyi khams ji ltar kun nas ñon mons pa dan, rnam par byan bar 'gyur bar ston?
chos kyi khams ñon mons pa can43 dan, non mons pa can ma yin pa ñid du brjod par bya ba ma yin pa la, ñon mons pa'i dri ma glo bur du44 yod pa'i phyir:
«chu khams gser dan nam mkha' dag 11 dag pa bźin du dag par 'dod ||»45
de ji ltar ñon mons pa can dan, non mons pa can ma yin pa ñid du brjod par bya ba ma yin že na?
«gal te non mons de ma gyur | lus can thams cad grol bar 'gyur ||
yena yena hi nămnā vai yo yo dharmo 'bhilapyate na sa samvidyate tatra dharmāņām sa hi dharmatā ||
39 'ga' yar DAE: dga' yari P
40 Lankāvatārasūtra, II, 144X, 89 (ed. Nanjio, q.v. for variants): na cotpadyam na cotpannāh pratyayā api ke cana samvidyante kva cit ke cid vyavahāras tu kathyate 11
41 pa DAE: la P
42 Larikāvatārasūtra, III, 14X, 196 (ed. Nanjio, q.v. for variants): yasya notpadyate kim cin na ca kim cin nirudhyate . tasyästi nästi nopaiti vivik tam paśyato jagat
43 can PD: omm. AE -4 du PE : pa AD
45 Madhyāntavibhāgakärikā, I, 16ab (ed. Nagao): abdhātukanakākāśasuddhivac chuddhir isyate 11
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gal te rnam dag de ma gyur | 'bad pa 'bras bu med par 'gyur ||»46
yan na:
«non mons ma yin mi mons min 11 de ni dag min ma dag min | sems ni ran bãin 'od gsal phyir 11 ñon mons glo bur47 yin phyir ro 1148
de ni rigs pa ma yin te; bdag tu smra ba dag gis kyan:
«gal te ñon mons bdag ma gyur || lus can thams cad grol bar 'gyur 11 gal te rnam dag bdag ma gyur 11 'bad pa 'bras bu med par 'gyur 1|>>50
de'i phyir re žig bdag rtag pa dag pasi byed pa med pa yod de, 'on kyan 'khor ba dan thar pa dag kyan yod do zes de Itar 52 phyir zlog par byed nus pa'i phyir ro. de'i phyir ran gi grub pa'i mtha'i skyon sba ba'i thabs 'thad pa med pas mi 'grub bo.
gźan yan chu la sogs pa rgyu dan rkyen gyi dban gis skye ba'i khyad par brten pas3 dag bžin du tha sñad pa'i rnam par ses pañon mons pa can dan, non mons pa can ma yin pa'i dños por skye ba la bltos pas non mors pa rnams dan lhan cig skye ba dan, non mons pa rnams med par phyin ci ma log pa'i śes pa dan lhan cig skye ba yar54 kun nas ñon mons pa dan, rnam par byan ba dag tu 'byun bar5s 'gyur bar run ba; de Itar chos kyi khams niñon mons pa rnams dan, ses pa dan lhan cig skye ba ma yin pas chu la sogs pa bzin du de bźin nid kun nas ñon mons pa dan, rnam par byan ba dag tu 'gyur bar mi rigs so.
46 Ibid., I, 21: samkliştä сed bhaven näsau muktāh syuh sarvadehinah višuddhä сed bhaven näsau vyāyamo nisphalo bhavet |
47 glo bur DAE : blo bur P
48 Madhyäntavibhāgakārikā, I, 22 (ed. Nagao): na kliştä näpi vākliştā śuddha na caiva sä prabhäsvaratvāc cittasya klešasyāgantukarvatah 11
49 pa AE : pas PD 50 Probably composed by Bhavya himself, cf. note 46. 51 rtag pa dag pa D: rtag pa dag P: brtag pa AE 52 de Itar AE : de Ita D: om. P 53 brten pa P: bsten pa DE: ston pa A 54 yan PAE: dan D ss 'byuri bar PD: omm. AE

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gal te du ba dan, khug rna la sogs pa yod pa dan, med pa nam mkha'56 dri ma dan bcas pa dan, dri ma med par brjod par bya ba ma yin nam że na? ma yin te, nam mkha' rdzas su yod pa ñid bkag pa'i phyir ro. rdzas su yod pa ñid yin na yan dri ma dan beas pa dan, dri ma med pa dag mi 'grub ste, skye ba dan, 'gag pa med pa'i phyir, dper na chos kyi khams bźin no. yan na nam mkha's" dri ma dan bcas pa dan, 58 drima med par 'gyur ba bźin du chos kyi khams la yan kun nas ñon mons pa dan, rnam par byan ba dag ne bar btags pa'i phyir 'dod pa'i don ñams so. «kun nas ñon mons59 dmigs pa'i phyirw żes bya ba de la yan dam beas pa'i gtan tshigs kyi skyon sha ma bźin no. [7] de skye baño bo ñid med pa yan ji Ita bu yin?
gal te rkyen gyi stobs kyis skye zin ran mi skye ba gan yin pa'o że na? de1 don dam par ji Itar rkyen gyi stobs kyis skye-no bo ñid kyis sam? gian gyi dños pos sam? gni gas sam? ci yod pa las sam? ci med pa las sam? ci yod pa dan, med pa las skye'o? źes brjod par bya gran na, rnam pa thams cad las kyan shar bstan pa'i tshul gyis de skye ba med pa'i phyir, rkyen gyi stobs kyis skye ba63 bstan dka'o.
ci ste sgyu ma la sogs pa'i skye ba bźin du brjod par bya ba ma yin pa'i skye ba spyir brjod na ni tha sñad kyi bden pa sgrub pas yin no. rkyen gyi stobs kyis skyes pa sgyu ma la sogs pa bźin du no bo ñid lasó skye ba med par ston pas dbu ma pa'i smra ba'i rjes su smra ba yan yin te,67 dBu ma pa'i bstan bcos kyi tshul ni:
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żes gsuns pa'i tshig dan rjes su mthun pa'i phyir ro źe na? de Ita na yan dbu ma pa'i smra ba'i rjes su smra ba yin te, no bo ñid las de skye ba 'gog pa'i phyir ro.
[8] ji Itar rnal 'byor spyod pa pas72 gian gyi dban gi no bo ñid rgyu mtshan du mi 'dzin pas yan dag par rjes su mi mthon ba yin?
gal te ji ltar snan ba de Itar med pa yin no że na? ci'i phyir de de Itar med pa yin?73 gal te don dam par de ltar ma skyes pa'i phyir ro że na ni? dbu ma pa'i smra ba'i rjes su smra ba yin no! ci ste ji ltar skyes pa de ltar med de, brten nas skyes pa'i phyir, sgyu ma la sogs pa bźin no że na ni? 'o na de lta na gźan gyi dban yod pa ñid kyan ma yin la, dbu ma pa'i75- smra ba'i rjes su smra ba yin te! dbu ma pa'i-75 smra ba'i tshul ni:
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rab tu skye'o de'i don med 11 de med pas na de yan med 11»>83
ces bya bas don med pa'i phyir, rgyu mtshan du 'dzin par84 mi 'grub bo sñam na85 yan don de bstan par dka'o!
gal te bstan par mi dka'ste, mdo sde las: - «kye rgyalba'i sras 'di Ita ste: khams gsum pa 'di ni sems tsam mo» 86 zes gsuns pa'i phyir ro ze na? de ni lan ma yin te, mdo sde'i tshig gźan du rnam par bśad pa'i phyir dan, bsgrub par bya ba'i don mnon sum ma yin pa de ni87 lun dan rjes su dpag pa dag gis 'grub pa'i88 phyir ro.
gal te rnam par ses pa ni tsai tra89 la sogs pa'i don gyis ston pa yin te, 'jug pa dan Idan pa'i phyir dan, 'bras bu yin pa'i phyir dan, mi rtag pa'i phyir dan, gyo ba med pa'i phyir dan, dus suo 'jug pa'i phyir, dper na ran gi bag chags thob pas 'jug pa'i rmi lam gyi sems bźin no zes rjes su dpag pa'i phyir dar, lun las: -
«phyi rol snan ba yod min te 11 lus dan lons spyod gnas 'dra bar 11 sems ni sna tshogs snan bas na 11 sems tsam du ni na smra'o 1191
żes gsuns pa' phyir skyon med do że na?
rnam par ses pa don gyis ston pa yin te zes dam bcas pa de'i92 don gan yin? gal te de'i don phyi rol gyi rkyen la mi bltos paro3 bag chags kyi sa bon gyi rgyu las rnam par ses
B3 Madhyāntavibhāgakārikā, 1, 3 (ed. Nagao): arthasattvātmavijñaptipratibhāsam prajāyate vijñānam nästi cāsyārthas tadabhāvāt tad apy asat ||
84 par PD: pa AE BS na AE : nas PD
86 Daśabhūmikasūtra according to Avalokitavrata (cf. Rahder's edition p. 49: cittamatram idam yad idam traidhātukam...). Also quoted TJ, Dsa fol. 218a4: kye rgyal ba'i sras, khams gsum pa 'di dag thams cad ni sems tsam yin no... Similarly Madhyamakahrdayakärikā, V, 28 and Madhyamakaratnapradipa, IV, initio. - Cf. May in EA, XXV (1971), p. 274.
87 de ni AE: ni PD 88 'grub pa'i DAE: sgrub pa'i P 89 tsai tra PDE: tsa trai A 90 Su AE: omm. PD
91 Larkāvatārasūtra, III, 33 X, 487 (ed. Nanjio, q.v. for variants): drśyam na vidyate bāhyam cittam citram hi drøyațe dehabhogapratişthānam cittamātram vadāmy aham II -cf. Madhyamakāvatāra, p. 194 (ed. La Vallée Poussin).
92 pa de'i PAE : pa'i D 93 bltos par P: Itos par DAE

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pa skye ba yin na ni, de la gal te don dam par phyi rol gyi rk yen la mi bltos par rnam par ses pa skye bar ston na dpe med do. ci ste tha sñad du na ni94 grags pas gnod do.
sans rgyas kyi dban gis sam, Iha'i dban gis sam, dan po lun phogos pa'i rnam par rig pa las skyes pa'i rnam par ses pa dag gi% gtan tshigs kyi don ma nes pa ñid dan, sans rgyas 'byun ba don med pa nid dan, tha sñad kyi bden par gtogs pa'i don snan ba med pa ñid du yan 'gyur ro.
de no bo ñid las97 yod pa ma yin pa'i phyir, 98 phyi rol gyi don no bo ñid yod pa ma yin yan, phyi rol gyi don gyi yul gyio no bo ñid log par snan ba ma rtogs pa la100 sgyu ma mnon par mi ses pa bzin du lus dan lons spyod dan, gnas 'dra ba'i sems sna tshogs skye bas sems sna tshogs su snan zin, lus dan lons spyod dan, gnas kyi grib ma Ita bus ñe bar kha sgyur101 ba'i phyir lus dan lons spyod dan gnas Ita bur yan snan 102 no. de med du zin na de Itar snan ba ñid du mi 'gyur te, dper na ri bon gi rva snan ba ñid du mi 'gyur ba bzin no.
bcom ldan 'das kyis «sems tsam» zes gsuns pa'i mdo sde'i don kyan sems las gzan pa'i byed pa po dan, za ba po med pa'i phyir sems tsam mo żes gsuns par khas blans pa'i phyir, de Itar nes par byar mi nus te, 103 byan chub sems dpa'i sa drug pa las byan chub sems dpa '104 srid pa'i yan lag bcu gñis kyi skye ba dań, 'gag pa lalos so sor rtog pa na106 'di sñam du: - «sdug bsnal gyi phun po 'ba'zig pa 'dis sdug bsnal gyi sin ljon pa mnon par 'grub par byed gyi, byed pa po 'am tshor ba po ni med do», 107 sñam nas de 'di sñam du sems te: - «byed pa po la mňon par zen pa las bya ba mnon par 'gyur gyi, gan la byed pa po med pa de la don dam par bya ba yan dmigs su med do», 108 sñam nas de 'di sñam du sems te: - «'di Ita ste: khams gsum pa 'di ni sems tsam ste, sems tsam gyis rab tu phye ba dan, sems kyis mnon par 'du byas pa yin gyi, dban phyug 109 la sogs pa byed
94 na ni PDE: ni A · 95 lun phog AE: lun 'bog P: luni dbogs D
96 gi AE: gis PD 97 las AE : la PD 98 phyir PDE : phyir ro A 99 yul gyi DAE: om. P 100 rtogs pa la: gtogs pa la AE : gtogs pa las D : btogs pa las P 101 sgyur A: bsgyur PDE 102 snan no PD: No AE 103 mi nus te PD: mi run ste AE 104 dpa' PAE: dpa'i D 105 la PD : las AE 106 na PDE: om. A
107 Dasabhumikasütra, p. 49 (ed. Rahder): ...ayam kevalo duḥkhaskandho duhkhavrk so 'bhinirvartate kārakavedakavirahita iti...
108 Ibid., p. 49: ...kārakābhinivePage #14

pa po ni med do»110 sñam du rnam par nes par111 mdzad nas: - «kye rgyal ba'i sras 'di Ita ste: khams gsum pa 'di ni sems tsam mo», 112 zes gsuns te; «tsam» zes gsuns pa de ni byed pa po de113 dgag pa yin par ses pa bya'i, don dgag pa ni ma yin par ses par bya'o. [10] gan dag 'di skad ces:- dňos po gzugs can rnams ni sems kyi no bo nid yin te, rnam par ses pa'i yul yin pa'i phyir, dper na de ma thag pa'i rkyen bźin no114 — żes zer na, sems las byun ba dag gis ma nes pa nid yin no. gzugs la sogs pa ni sems dan sems las byun ba'i no bo nid yin par ston na yan, sems dan sems las byun ba dag gis so sor ma nes pa ñid yin no. grub pa'i mtha' dan 'gal ba yan yin te, tshul ni:
«de la don mthon rnam par ses 11 de yi bye brag sems las byun ||>>115
żes bya ba yin pa'i phyir ro. sa ma bźin du dam bcas pa'i skyon yan yod do. [11] gan dag 'di skad ces:- 'di la gzugs kyi blo 'di'i yul rdul phra rab kyi gzugs gcig yin nam, 'dus pa yin; de la rdul phra rab kyi gzugs gcig ni gzugs kyi blo'i spyod yul ma yin te, de mil 16 snan ba'i phyir, dper na mig bãin no. ci ste 'dus pa yin na ni de gzugs kyi blo'i yul ma yin te, rdzas su yod pa ma yin pa'i phyir, dper na zla ba gñis su snan ba bzin no117 — żes zer na, de la gal te don dam par mig gi rnam par ses pa gzugs la dmigs pa ñid dan, gzugs kyan mig gi rnam par ses pa'i dmigs par bya ba nid ma yin par 'gog par byed na ni, grub pa la sgrub pa yin no. ci ste tha sñad du na nil18 grags pas gnod do.
rdul phra rab dag 19 dban po'i rnam par rig pa dag gi yul ma yin no120 zes dam bcas pa de'i don kyan gan yin? gal te yul gźan yod pa yin na ni phyogs121 sna ma la gnod do. gal te de la yul med na ni dpe med de, gzugs kyi blo phyogs su byas pa yul med ma grub pa'i phyir ro.
gźan yan blo122 rdul phra rab kyi gzugs bsags pa dan, bsags pa ma yin pa gcig pu la dmigs pa dag phyogs su byas pas, gcig gi123 dus la ni gtan tshigs kyi don ma grub pa ñid
110 Not found in the textus receptus of Dasabhumikasütra 111 par PD: pa AE 112 See note 86. 113 de P: med de D: omm. AE 114 Cf. Madhyamakahrdayakärikā, V, 27
115 Madhyäntavibhāgakārikā, I, 8cd (ed. Nagao): taträrthadrstir vijfānam tadviśeşe tu caitasāh 11
116 mi DAE: ni P. 117 Cf. Madhyamakahrdayakärikā, V, 31-34 and Dignāga's Alambanaparīkņā. 118 du na ni A : du PD : du ni E 119 rab dag AE: rab PD 120 no PDE : om. A 121 phyogs PAE : yul gian phyogs D 122 blo AE: blo gźan PD 123 gi DAE: gis P
90

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de, bsags pa'i gzugs rdul phra rab kyi gzugs gźan gyis 124 phan btags pa gcig pu yan ran gi bdag ñid snan ba'i blo bskyed pal25 yin pa'i phyir, de'i blo yod pas de mi snan ba ñid ma grub pa'i phyir ro.gźan gyi dus la ni grub pa la sgrub pa yin te, bsags pa ma yin pa'i gzugs mig gi rnam par ses pa'i yul ñid du khas ma blaňs pa'i phyir ro. (chos mnon pa las kyan:
«gzugs can bcu ni bsags pa'o 11» 126
żes 'byun bas de'i phyir bsags pa ma yin pa ni yul gyi dños por mi 'grub bo.) gzugs la dmigs pa med par gzugs kyi blo skye bar127 dam 'cha' nal28 ni gzugs la dmigs par mi byed pa'i blo ni mig gi dban po'i blo ñid yin par mi 'grub pas de mi snan ba'i phyir zes bya ba'i gtan tshigs kyi gãi ma grub pa ñid do.
gzugs kyi129 blo'i yul 'dus pa ñid la yan rdzas su yod pa ma yin pa'i phyir zes gan smras pa de la sña ma bžin du dam bcas pa’i skyon yod do. zla ba gñis su snan ba yan gal te don yin no że na ni, de ran dan gźan la mi'grub ste, rnam pa de lta bu'i don mi srid pa'i phyir ro. 'on te zla ba gñis su snan ba blo yin no ze na? de nil 30 rdzas su yod pa ma yin par ma grub pa'i phyir, dpe la131 sgrub pa'i chos ma tshan ba132 ñid kyi skyon yod do. gzugs kyi rnam par ses pa gzugs zes bya ba'i don gyis133 ston par ston na nil34 dpe la bsgrub par bya ba chos ma tshan ba ñid kyi skyon yod de, 135 zla ba gñis su136 mthon ba'i blo phyi rol gyi dmigs pa la ma bltos137 par skye bar mi 'grub pa'i phyir ro. [12] gźan yan smra bar 'dod pa'i rnam par ses pa ni dmigs pa'i rkyen gzugs kyi rnam par ses pa'i gzugs su snan ba ñid gan yin pa de dan Idan pa ma yin te, mig gi rgyu dan ldan pa'i phyir, dper na de ñid kyi ran gi bdag nid du snan ba bźin pas tha sñad du yan138 dmigs pa'i rkyen la skur pa 'debs pa'i phyir mdzad pa'i mtha' dan 'gal ba'o.139
124 gyis PDE: gyi A 125 bskyed pa AE: skyes pa PD 126 Abhidharmakośakārikā, I, 35d (ed. Pradhan): samcitā daśa rūpinah 11 127 skye bar DAE: skyes par P 128 'cha' na PD: 'cha' ba AE 129 kyi PD: la AE 130 de ni PD: ni de AE 131 dpe la AE: dper na PD 132 ma ishan ba PDE: tshah ba A 133 gyis DAE: gyi P 134 ni AE : omm. PD 135 de AE: do PD 136 su AE : omm. PD 137 bltos P: Itos DAE 138 yar PD: omm. AE 139 ba'o PD: lo AE

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rnam par ses pa ni raǹ gi bdag ñid kyis140 ǹes par gnas pa'i phyir rgyu yod na Ita ba med par mi 'thad pas dmigs pa med par mi 'grub bo.
ci ste sñam du:
«Page #17

[y. Parinispannasvabhāva]
[14] de bain du yons su grub pa'i no bo ñid ces bya ba de yan gan yin?
chos rnams kyi de bźin ñid gan yin pa'o że na? 'o na don dam par chos de rnams ñid ma grub pas de rnams kyi chos ñid kyan mi 'thad pa ma yin nam, ci ste tha snad du rmi lam Ita bu'i bdag ñid du skyes pa yod pa rnams don dam par de Itar yod pa ma yin pa ñid ni chos rnams kyi de bźin yin no że na ni,153 de no bo ñid kyis skye ba med pa kho nar154 grub pa'i phyir dbu ma pa'i155 smra ba'i rjes su smra ba ñid yin no.
ci ste 'di sñam du yons su grub pa'i no bo ñid ni med pa ma yin te; 'di Itar de ni gnis med pa'i dños po'i mtshan ñid de, ji skad du:
«gnis dños156 dños po med pa yis || dnos po ston pa'i mtshan ñid do ||>>158
żes159 bśad pa Ita bu'o że na, de la 'dir yan 'thad pa gan gis gñis med pa yin-gal te:
«>160
żes bya bas so że na?
phyogs de'i lan ni161 btab zin to! gñis med pa źes bya ba'i dgag pa 'di yan gal tele med par dgag pa'i don yin na ni de gñis med par dgag pa kho na163 mthu zad pa yin te, med pa'i skyon du ma gyur pa ni dgag pa gtso che ba'i phyir don dam par med pa ma yin pas 'di ltar 164 gñis med pa'i dños po yin no źes skur pa 'debs pa mi rigs so. 'on te ma yin par dgag pa'i don yin na ni de sgrub pa gtso che ba'i phyir dños po med pa ston par byed
157 yi PA: yin DE
158 Madhyāntavibhāgakārikā, I, 13ab (ed. Nagao): dvayabhavo hy abhavasya bhavaḥ sunyasya lakṣaṇam | -cf. Madhyamakahṛdayakärikā, V, 10 ff.
159 źes DAE: ces P
160 See note 141..
161 ni AE: omm. PD
162 gal te PDE: rgal te A
163 na PD: nas AE
164 'di Itar PDE: de Itar A
3335
93

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pas 165 de ni mi 'dod de, 166 skur pa 'debs pa'i mtha'yin pa'i phyir ro.ribongirva med pa yan dňos po med pa ma yin te, 'di Itar med pa'i dňos po de dan, 107 don dam pa168 'dra bar gyur na chad par Ita ba bsgrub169 par 'gyur ro. [15] de'i170 dmigs pa rnam par dag pa ñid kyan ji lta bu yin? gal te rnam par mirtog pa'i no bo ñid kyis so že na, dmigs pa can gyi ye ses de ni rnam par mi rtog pa zes bya ba ma yin te, 'di ni 'di'o zes rnam par mi rtog kyan yul snan ba'i phyir, dper na mig gi rnam par ses pa bźin pas, mdo sde las: - «don dam pa'i bden pa gan ze na? gan la ye ses kyan mi 'jug na yi ge rnams lta smoś kyan ci dgos»171 zes bya ba dan: - «mthon ba med pa ni de kho na172 mthon ba'o»173 zes bya ba dan: - «tshans pa, 174 de bźin gśegs pa rnams kyi byan chub ni dmigs su med pa'o»175 źes bya ba la sogs pa gsuns pa dan yan 'gal lo.rtogs par bya ba skye ba med pa bźin du śes pa yan skye ba med pa'i phyir, 176 de 'jug pa med par grub ste, bcom ldan 'das kyis: - «śes bya dan tha mi dad pa'i ye ses kyis chos thams cad thugs su chud do»177 zes gsuns pa de yan grub pa yin pas, de'i phyir dbu ma pa'i smra ba'i tshul la yan dag par brten pa nid legs so.
ci ste 'di sñam du dper na: thag pa bsdogs pa la sbrul du 'du ses pas thag pa'i no bo ñid rtogs na sbrul gyi 'jigs pa178 ñe bar żi ba bźin du de bźin ñid mthon bas ñon mons pa źi bar 'gyur ba'i phyir chos kyi dbyins la dmigs par bya ba kho na yin no sñam na? ji ltar thag pa bsdogs pa la179 sbrul gyi blo skyes na log par ses pa'i phyir 'jigs pa180 skye'i, de'i blo ma skyes na yan dag par ses pa'i phyir 'jigs pa med pa dan, skyon cha mi mňam pa skyes na nad du 'gyur gyi, de ma skyes na sdug bsnal med par 'gyur ba bzin pas de bzin nid la dmigs pa'i ye śes skye bar 'dod par mi bya'o. dňos po rnams rnam pa thams cad du yors su ma grub pa ni181 dños po'i de kho na yin la, de nil82 rnam pa
165 pas PDE : pa A . 166 de PD: do AE 167 de dari DAE: dan P 168 pa A : par PDE 169 ba bsgrub A: bar bsgrubs P: ba 'grub D: ba bsgrubs E 170 de'i PD : de mi AE 171 From the Akşayamatinirdeśasūtra (cf. references MCB, II (1932-1933), p. 113): paramarthasatyam katamat? yatra jñānasyāpy apracāraḥ, kah punar vādo 'kşarāņām... 172 de kho na DAE: kho na P 173 From the Dharmasamgītisūtra, cf. JIP, IX (1981), p. 197, n. 7. 174 tshans pa DAE : Ishan pa P 175 From the Satyakaparivarta, cf. Avalokitavrata ad loc. 176 phyir DAE: phyir ro P 177 Sūtra not traced. 178 gyi "jigs pa PDE: gyis "jig A 179 pa la PDE : la pa A 180 'jigs pa PDE : "jig pa A 181 pa ni E: pa'i P: pa DA 182 de ni DE: de'i P : de fid A
94

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thams cad du yan yul gyi dňos por ñe bar mi 'gyur ba'i phyir dmigs pa ñid du mi rigs so. de nid kyi phyir bcom ldan 'das la183 'jam dpal gzon nur gyur pas:
«sans rgyas nam mkha'i mtshan ñid de184 11 nam mkha' la yan mtshan ñid 184 med 11 mtshan gzi185 mtshan nid nes grol ba 11 dmigs med khyod la phyag 'tshal lo 11»186
żes bya ba la sogs pas bstod pa mdzad do.
ci ste 'di sñam du gal te de bżin gśegs pas chos kyi dbyins ma dmigs na, ji Itar de thugs su chud pas sans rgyas par gyur sñam na? chos thams cad rnam pa thams cad du yors su ma grub pa'i phyir rnam pa thams cad mkhyen pa'i spyod yul ni de kho na zes bya ste, ses bya dan, de kho na dan, spyod yul dan, ye ses skye ba med pa ñid kyis187 chos kyi dbyins thugs su chud pas sans rgyas par gyur te; ji skad du: - «de bźin gśegs pa rnams kyi byan chub ni mnon par rtogs pa med pas rab tu phye ba'o»188 zes gsuns pa lta bu'o.
de bzin ñid la dmigs pa'i ye ses ni don dam pa'i spyod yul can yin par mi rigs te, 'dus byas yin pa'i phyir, dper na mig gi rnam par ses pa bzin no. de bźin du de'i dmigs par bya ba de bžin nid kyan bslu ba'i189 chos can yin zin de kho na ma yin te, dmigs par bya ba yin pa'i phyir, dper na gzugs bźin no.
ci ste mdo sde las: - «don dam pa ni brtag par190 mi nus pa dan, rtog ge'i spyod pa ma yin par bstan pa'i191 phyir rjes su dpag pas bstan par bya ba192 ma yin no»>193 ze na? lun dan mthun pa'i rjes su dpag pa'i stobs ñid kyis rnam par rtog pa thams cad bkag pas194 rnam par mi rtog pa'i ye ses 'grub pa'i phyir don dam pa ni rjes su dpag pa'i yul ma yin yan, de gtso bo ma yin pa19s ma yin te, yan dag pa dan yan dag pa ma yin pa brtag pa'i196 sgrub, pa197 gźan med pa'i phyir de ni rigs pa ma yin no.
183 'das la PDE: 'das A 184 de l nam mkha' la yan mtshan nid omm. D 185 gii PAE: mid D
186 From the Sarvabuddhavişayāvatārajñānālokālamkārasūtra, cf. JIP, IX (1981), p. 204, n. 59, and Tarkajvālā, Dsa fol. 250 a8.
187 kyis AE : kyi DP 188 Sūtra not traced. 189 bslu ba'i PA : slu ba'i DE 190 brtag par AE: brtag PD . 191 ma yin par bstan pa'i DAE: ma yin pa'i P 192 bya ba PAE: bya ba de bżin D 193 Sūtra not traced. 194 pas AE : pa'i PD 195 gtso bo ma yin PAE: gtso bo D 196 brtag pa'i AE: brtags pa'i PD 197 sgrub pa DAE : bsgrub pa D

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[16] dpyad pa198 rgyas par ni dBu ma'i sñiñ po'i de kho na la 'jug pa'i skabs 199 nas rnal 'byor spyod pa pa dag dan Ihan cig byed par 'gyur ro. żar la biad pas chog ste, "di nimnon par brtson pa rnams ran gi sde pa dag dan Ihan cig rigs pa dan rigs pa ma yin pa rtogs pa'i200 phyogs tsam zig bstan pa yin no. de la 'dir rab tu byed pa'i don ni pha rol po dag gis rab tu byed pa'i dan por bsgrub pa201 smras pa'i skyon brjod pas mya nan las 'das pa no bo ñid med pa ñid du bstan pa yin no.
de'i phyir:
«mya nan 'das med mya nan 'das || 'jig rten mgon pos bstan par202 mdzad ||
nam mkhas203 mdud pa bor204 byas pa || nam mkha' ñid kyis bkrol ba205 bźin ||»206
żes bya ba dań, de bžin du:- «bcom Idan 'das, gan dag chos 'ga' žig skye ba'am, 'gag par 'tshal ba de dag la sans rgyas 'byun ba ma mchis so. bcom Idan 'das, gan dag mya han las 'das pa dños po las yons su tshol bar bgyid pa de dag la 'khor ba las yan dag par 'da' ba207 ma mchis so. de ci'i slad du że na? bcom Idan 'das, mtshan ma thams cad rab tu zi ba dań, gyo ba thams cad ne bar zi ba gan lags pa de mya nan las 'das pa lags pa'i slad du'o. bcom Idan 'das, mi gti mug can gan dag mya nan las 'das pa dños po las yons su tshol bar bgyid pa de dag ni, legs par gsuns pa'i chos 'dul ba 'di la rab tu byun nas, mu stegs can gyi Ita bar lhun ba lags te: bcom Idan 'das, gan dag chos thams cad gtan yońs su mya nan las 'das pa dag- 'di lta ste dper bgyi na: til dag las til mar dan, 'o ma dag las mar bźin du-mya nan las 'das pa yons su tshol bar bgyid pa de dag ni mu stegs can Ihag pa'i na rgyal can lags par bdag smra'o. bcom Idan 'das, rnal 'byor spyod pa pa dag 208 yan dag par tugs pa ni chos 'ga'yan skye ba 'am, 'kag par mi bgyid cin chos 'ga' yan thob par mi 'tshal, mnon par rtogs par mi 'tshal lo»209 źes bya ba la sogs pa dan, de
198 dpyad pa DAE : spyad pa P
199 For the title see Avalokitavrata: «Page #21
bzin du: - <>>210 zes rgya cher gsuns pa dan, de bzin du: - <>214 zes bya ba la sogs pa dan, de bzin du: <>218 <>219 zes bya ba la sogs pa gsuns pa de dag 'grub pa yin no. bhagavan samsarasamatikramo ye nirvanam bhavatah paryesante. tat kasya hetoh? nirvanam iti bhagavan yah prasamah sarvanimittanam uparatih sarvenjitanam. tad ime bhagavan mohapurusa ye svakhyate dharmavinaye pravrajya tirthikadrstau nipatita nirvanam bhavatah paryesante -- tadyatha tilebhyas tailam ksirat sarpih --- atyantaparinirvrtesu bhagavan sarvadharmesu ye nirvanam marganti tan aham abhimanikan tirthikan iti vadami. na bhagavan yogacarah samyak pratipannah kasya cid dharmasyotpadam va nirodham va karoti, napi kasya cid dharmasya praptim icchati nabhisamayam iti vistarah... 210 Astasahasrikaprajnaparamita quoted in Prasannapada, p. 450: ...nirvanam apy (arya-) Subhute тауоратат svaрпоратат... 211 sa ri'i bu PAE : sa ra dva ti'i bu D 212 ishol DE : ishal PA 213 lon PD : glon AE 214 From the Bodhipitaka (byan chub kyi sde snod) according to Avalokitavrata. It is identical with the Bodhisattvapitaka, which is often quoted. 215 gzig : zig P : gzags DAE 216 brtags AE : brtag PD . 217 blo yis PD : blos ni AE 218 Lankavatarasutra, II, 198~X, 374 (ed. Nanjio, q.v. for variants): buddhya vivecyamanam tu na tantram napi kalpitam | nispanno nasti vai bhavah katham buddhya vikalpyate || 219 Lankavatarasutra, III, 48 ~X, 91 (ed. Nanjio, q.v. for variants): na svabhavo na vijnaptir na vastu na ca alayah | balair vikalpita hy ete savabhutaih kutarkikaih ||