Bhartiya Darshano ma Moksh Vichar

Author(s): Nagin J Shah
Publisher: Z_Bharatiya_Tattva_gyan_001201.pdf
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/249535/1

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bhAratIya darzanomAM mokSavicAra prAstAvika mokSa eTale mukti konI? potAnI-AtmAnI. zemAMthI ? dukhamAMthI. potAnI arthAt AtmAnI duHkhamAMthI mukti eTale mokSa. AmAM nIcenI bAbatono pUrvasvIkAra jarUrI che: (1) potAnuM arthAt AtmAnuM astitva che. (2) potAne arthAt AtmAne du:kha che. (3) duHkhanAM kAraNo che. (4) duHkhanAM kAraNone dUra karavAnA upAyo che. (5) duHkhamukti zakaca che. AmAM bhagavAna buddhanAM cAra Aryasatyano ane yogadarzananA caturvyUhano samAveza che. * A duHkhamukti thoDA vakhata pUratI nathI paraMtu sadAne mATe che. eka vAra duHkhamAMthI mukta thayA eTale pharI kadI du:kha paDavAnuM ja nahi. badhA prakAranAM duHkhomAMthI haMmeza mATenI muktine darzanazAstramAM mokSa kahevAmAM Ave che. AtyaMtika duHkhamukti mokSa che. pagamAM kAMTo vAgyo teMdhI pIDA thaI - du:kha thayuM. kAMTo kADhI nAkhavAmAM Avyo, kAMTAnI pIDAmAMthI mukti thaI. paraMtu karI kAMTo vAgavAno saMbhava dUra thayo nathI. vaLI, kAMTAnI pIDA dUra thavA chatAM gumaDA vagerenI bIjI pIDA rahI hovAno saMbhava che ja. eTale kAMTAnI pIDAmAMthI mukitane AtyaMtika duHkhamukti na kahevAya.' duHkha kone che ? AtmAne. duHkha zarIra, mana ke indriya anubhavatAM nathI paNa temanA dvArA bIjuM koI anubhave che ane te che AtmA A AtmA zuM che ane tenuM svarUpa kevuM che e ApaNe jANI laIe to mokSanA svarUpane samajavuM saraLa thaI jaze. ahIM cArvAka, prAcIna sAMkhya, jaina, bauddha, uttarAlIna sAMkhyayoga, nyAyavaizeSika, zAMkara vedAntaATalAM darzanono AtmA vize zo mata che te saMkSepamAM joI jaIe. aAtmA cArvAka (acittAta). cArvAko kevaLa acitta tattvane ja mAne che. pRthvI Adi bhUtonA viziSTa saMyojanane pariNAme zAnadharma saMyojanamAM AvirbhAva pAme che. bhUtonuM A viziSTa saMyojana ja AtmA che. AtmA koI svataMtra tatva nathI. saMyojananuM vighaTana thatAM saMyojanano nAza thAya che, arthAt AtmAne atyaMta uccheda thAya che. Ama ahIM jJAna e acittano ja dharma che. A acitta tattva pariNamanazIla che.

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bhAratIya tattvajJAna prAcIna sAMkhya, jaina ane bauddhaH (citta acitta dvata) cArvAka matanI viruddha prAcIna sAMkhya (covIsa tattvamAM mAnanAra sAMkhya), jena" ane bauddha evuM pratipAdana karyuM ke jJAnadharma e bhautika dhamAMthI bhinna zreNino che, ane tethI bhautika dharmo dharAvanAra acitta tattvano te dharma hoI zake nahi. tene mATe acitta tattvathI taddana UlaTuM svataMtra citta tattva svIkAravuM joIe. acitta tattvanI jema A citta tattva paNa pariNamanazIla che. tethI citta ane acittano saMyoga-viyoga thAya che. uttarakAlIna sAMga (Atma-anAtmata) uttarakAlIna sAMkhya citta-acittanA tanA sthAne Atma-anAtmanA dratanI sthApanA karI. teNe cittathI uparavaTa puruSa yA AtmA nAmanuM tattva svIkAryuM. tenA svIkArane nyAyyaTheravavA darzana" nAmanA dharmanuM pratipAdana teNe karyuM. teNe kahyuM ke jJAna e cittano dharma che jyAre darzana e puruSano dharma che. citta jJAtA che jyAre puruSa draSTA che. A navA svIkArelA puruSane teNe pariNamanazIla na mAnatAM phUTasthanitya mAnyo. Ama pariNAmI ane phUTasthanityanuM drata UbhuM thayuM. kUTanitya AtmAno pariNAmI cittaacitta sAthe sAco saMyoga-viyoga ghaTato na hoI biba-pratibiMba saMbaMdhanI bhASA bolAvI zarU thaI." jaina ane bauddhoe citta uparavaTa puruSa yA AtmatatvanA svIkArano virodha ryo ane jAhera karyuM ke sAMkhe svIkArela darzanadharmane ame svIkArIe chIe paraMtu te cittano ja dharma che. citta kevaLa jJAtA nathI paNa jJAtA ane drA baMneya che, eTale citta uparavaTa puruSa yA AtmAne svIkAravAnI koI jarUra nathI." nyAya-vairoSika (Atma-anAtmata) nyAya-vaizeSika dArzanikoe uttarakAlIna sAMganA phUTasthanitya puruSa yA AtmAne svIkAryo paraMtu uttarakAlIna sAMpe prakRtiaMtargata citta ane acitta baMneno svIkAra karelo jyAre nyAya-vaizeSike cittano tadana asvIkAra karyo. bauddhoe ane jainoe puruSane na svIkArI teno dharma darzana cittamAM mAnyo, jyAre nyAya-vaizeSikoe cittane na svIkArI teno dharma jJAna puruSamAM arthAt AtmAmAM nAkhyo. have A phAna dharma pariNAmI hoI, phUTasthanitya AtmAmAM pariNAmIpaNuM AvatuM aTakAvavA koI rasto kADhavAnuM temane mATe atyaMta Avazyaka hatuM. temaNe kahyuM ke jJAna guNa che ane AtmA dravya che, ane dravya ane guNa vacce atyaMta bheda che. jJAna e AtmAno svabhAva nathI te to zarIrAvacchinna Atma-mana sannikarSarUpa nimittakAraNathI AtmAmAM utpanna thaI samavAyasaMbaMdha dvArA temAM rahe che. have ahIM prazna thAya ke purUSa yA AtmAnA dharma darzana aMge nyAya-vaizeSiko zuM kahe che? AtmAnA dharma darzana bAbata kyAMya kazI vAta teoe karI nathI. kadAca te ja temane mate AtmAnuM svarUpa hoya ane ema hoya to, phAna. AtmAno guNa ane darzane AtmAnuM svarUpa gaNAya. pariNAme darzanane AtmA kadI na

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bhAratIya darzanomAM mokSavicAra choDe. sAMkhyanA cittano dharma ekalo jJAna ja nathI paNa sukha, duHkha, icchA, dveSa vagere bIjA ghaNA dharmo tenA che. A badhA dharmone citta na svIkAranAra nyAya-vaizeSikoe AtmAnA guNo gaNyA che." zAMkara vedAnta (AtmAdvaita) zAMkara vedAnta citta ane acitta baMneno asvIkAra karyo che. nyAya-vaizeSikoe cittane na svIkAravA chatAM cittanA dhamane svIkArI temane puruSanA gaNyA paraMtu zAMkara vedAntIe to te cittanA dharmone paNa svIkAryA nathI. acitta, citta, cittadharmo badhuM ja mithyA che. kevaLa puruSa ja satya che. Ama hoya to cittano dharma jJAna e puruSamAM teo svIkAre ja nahi. kevaLa darzana ja puruSamAM hoya, jJAna nahi. puruSa jJAnasvarUpa nahi paNa darzanasvarUpe manAya. zithilapaNe darzananA arthamAM 'zana' zabdano prayoga bhale thato jovA maLe. Ama jano ane bauddhone mate pariNamanazIla citta ja AtmA che jyAre uttarakAlIna sAMkhya, nyAya-vairzeSika ane vedAntanA mate phUTasyanitya puruSa AtmA che. duHkha che darekane potAne duHkhano anubhava che. duHkha trividha che-AdhyAtmika (mAnasika), Adhibhautika (zarIranI aMdarathI rogane lIdhe udabhavatAM duHkho) ane Adhidaivika (bIjA jIvo dvArA apAtAM zArIrika duHkho). vijyone bhogavatI vakhate lAgatuM sukha paNa pariNAme duHkha che. sukhabhogakALe viSayanA nAnA bhaye cittamAM duHkha bIjarUpe hoya che. mArA priya viSayo chInavAI jaze, nAza pAmaze evuM manamAM rahyA kare che. viSayanA bhoganA sukhAnubhavanA saMskAro bhaviSyamAM navA bhoganI spRhA janmAvI du:khanuM viSacakra cAlu rAkhe che. Ama viSayomAM pariNAmaduHkhatA, tApa:khatA ane saMskAraduHkhatA che. tethI ja bhagavAna buddhe kahyuM ke "sarva 3:35". potAnA svabhAva upara AvaraNo AvI javAM e paNa duHkha che. alpatA duHkha che. janmamaraNa paNa du:kha che. duHkhanAM kAraNo potAnI jAtanuM, potAnA kharA svarUpanuM ajJAna e duHkhanuM mULa kAraNa che. A ajJAnane kAraNe ApaNe rAgadveSa karIe chIe ane rAgadveSa duHkha pedA kare che. ajJAna, rAga, dveSa A lezo che. rAga-dveSapUrvaka karAtI pravRttithI AtmA (ke citta) karma bAMdhe che. sAMkhyayoga, jaina to A karmane sUkSmAtisUkSma bhautika dravya gaNe che, je AtmAnI (ke cittanI) upara AvaraNa rathI tenA jJAna Adi guNane DhAMkI de che. bauddho paNa karmane AvA bhautika dravyarUpa mAnatA hoya evo saMbhava che. A karmonuM AvaraNa

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bhAratIya tattvajJAna 10 duHkharUpa che. klezone paNa AvaraNa mAnavAmAM AvyAM che. Asakti, kAma, krodha, vagere svabhAvane kevo DhAMkI de che tenI vAta "dhyAyato viSayAn puMsa:...'' zlokamAM gItAe kyAM nathI karI ? duHkhanAM kAraNone dUra karavAnA upAya duHkhanAM kAraNone dUra karavA mATe sau prathama to potAnA kharA svarUpanuM jJAna meLavavuM joIe. Ane mATe cittazuddhi jarUrI che. cittamAMthI maLo dUra karavA maitrI, karuNA, muditA ane upekSA (mAdhyasthya) bhAvanA keLavavI joIe. vaLI, ahiMsA Adi pAMca yamo ane auca Adi pAMca niyamonuM pAlana karavuM joIe. pachI dhyAnamArganI sAdhanA dvArA cittanI vRttiono nirodha karavo joIe. cittavRttiono nirodha thatAM potAnA kharA svarUpano sAkSAtkAra thAya che. jeTalA klezo ochA eTaluM duHkha ochuM. klezapUrvaka karAtI pravRtti ja karmAvaraNo racatI hoI klezo dUra thatAM karmAvaraNo saMpUrNapaNe dUra dhAya che ane citta potAnA zuddha svarUpamAM pragaTa thAya che, duHkhamAMthI mukta thAya che. mokSa zakya che ? duHkhamukti-mokSa zakya che. keTalAka mokSane arAkya mAne che. temanI dalIlo nIce pramANe che : (1) vyakti janme che tyAre klezo sAthe ja janme che ane mare che tyAre paNa klezo sAthe ja mare che. phlezasaMtati svAbhAvika che, anAdi che, eTale teno uccheda zakya nathI. klezonI zRMkhalA atyaMta prabaLa ane achedya che. ka (2) vyakti janmathI mAMDI mRtyu sudhI pravRttio karyA ja kare che. pravRttithI karmabaMdha thAya che. baMdhAyelAM karmo bhogavavA pravRtti thAya che. vaLI te pravRttithI karmabaMdha ane baMdhAyelAM karma bhogavavA vaLI pravRtti. Ama cakra cAlyA ja kare che, eTale mokSa zakya nathI.4 (3) mokSanuM sAkSAt kAraNa svasvarUpanuM jJAna arthAt vidyA che. A vidyAnI utpatti mATeno upAya samAdhi che, paraMtu samAdhi pote ja azakya che kAraNa ke viSayo atyanta prabaLa che;' icchA na karavA chatAM viSayo to vRttio utpanna kare che ane cittane ekAgra thavA detA nathI. vaLI, Adhi, vyAdhi ane upAdhine laIne citta ekAgra thaI zakatuM nathI. `` (4) jo mokSa saMbhavato hoya to eka samaya evo Ave jyAre badhA mukta thaI jAya ane saMsArano uccheda thaI jAya. mokSanI saMbhAvanA svIkAratAM saMsArocchedanI Apatti Ave. tethI mokSa saMbhavato nathI. * uparanI cAreya dalIlonA uttaro nIce pramANe che :

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bhAratIya darzanomAM movicAra (1) lezono ucacheda zakya che e suSuptinA dAntathI samajAya che. phlezapazAntinI avasthA suSupti e phlezakSayanI avasthAnI saMbhavitatA sUcave che. klezo svAbhAvika nathI paNa temanuM kAraNa che. temanuM kAraNa ajJAna che. rAga vagereno nAza temanI pratipakSa mitrI Adi bhAvanAothI thaI zake che.* (2) klezarahita vyaktinI pravRtti karmabaMdhanuM kAraNa nathI." (3) vikSepa samAdhino bhaMga na karI zake te mATeno upAya che abhyAsa.* * (4) mokSa zakya hovA chatAM saMsAroccheda thavAno nathI kAraNa ke saMsArI jIvo anaMta che. mATe AtyaMtika duHkhamukti zakya che e niHzaMka che." mokSa jaiinone mate mokSa : anAdi kALathI phlezayukta (kaSAyayukta) pravRttione kAraNe cittane lAgatAM rahelAM karmonAM AvaraNo, kalezono saMpUrNa kSaya thatAM jyAre saMpUrNapaNe dUra thAya che tyAre jIvano mokSa thayo kahevAya che. jenone mate citta ja AtmA che, te pariNAmI che. mokSamAM paNa te pariNAmI ja rahe che ane zuddha pariNAmono pravAha cAlyA kare che. zuddha citta anaMta jJAna ane anaMta darzana dharAve che kAraNa ke jJAnAvaraNIya karmo ane darzanAvaraNIya karmono kSaya thaI gayo hoya che. sukha ane duHkhanA kAraNabhUta veThanIkarmano kSaya thaI gayo hoI sukhaduHkhathI para te banI jAya che. Ane parama AnandanI avasyAM gaNavAmAM Ave che. darzanamohanIya karmano kSaya thayo hoI cittane kSAyika samyaka darzana hoya che. cAritryamahanIya karmano kSaya thayo hoI krodha, mAna, mAyA ane lobha A cAra kaSAyono AvirbhAva paNa temAM zakya nathI. antarAya karmanA kSayanA kAraNe AtmA mokSamAM pUrNa vIrya dharAve che. nAmakarmanA, gotrakarmanA ane AyukarmanA kSayane kAraNe vyaktitvano, UMca-nIca gotrano ane AyuSyano abhAva hoya che, arthAt mokSanI sthitimAM te arArIrI hoya che." mokSa thatAM jIva kyAM jAya che? A praznanA uttaramAM jaino jaNAve che ke kema dUra thatAM jIva Urdhvagati kare che ane sIdho eka kSaNamAM te lokanA agrabhAge pahoMcI tyAM Avela siddhazilA upara sthira thAya che. jo zuddha citto badhAM ja anantajJAnI, anaMtadarzI, anaMtacAritrI ane anaMtavIryavAnuM hoya to temanI vacce bheda zo ? kaMI ja nahi. badhAM ekasarakhAM hoya che. paraMtu jenoe ahIM mokSamAM paNa darekanuM juduM vyaktitva sthApavA prayatna karyo che ane jaNAvyuM che ke aMtima janmamAM dehapAta vakhate je zarIrAkAra hoya tevo AkAra mokSAvasthAmAM paNa teno hoya che. A jana mAnyatA kaMIka vicitra lAge che.

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bhAratIya tattvajJAna mokSanA upAyo tarIke jeno saMvara ane nirjarAne gaNAve che. saMvarano artha che kamone AvatAM aTakAvavA ane nirjarAno artha che lAgelAM karmone dUra karavAM. kamane AvatAM aTakAvavA mATe mana, vacana, kAyAnI pravRttino saMyama (gupti), pravRtti karavAmAM viveka rAkhavo (samiti), sahanazIlatA, samatA. kSamA, tyAga, pApavirati, anuprekSA, ta5 vagere upAyo jaNAvAyA che.* kamone dUra karavA mATe tapa Avazyaka che. bIjI rIte, jaino samyapha darzana, samyapha jJAna ane samyapha cAritrane mokSano upAya gaNe che. mokSa mATe traNeya jarUrI che. samyapha darzana e tattva taraphano pakSapAta che, satya taraphano pakSapAta che. - samyapha darzanane pariNAme, je kaMI jJAna hoya che te samyapha banI jAya che, kAraNa ke have te mokSa prApti mATe upayogI bane che ane kukarmothI pAchA vALe che." jainoe karmonA be bheda ryA che - ipathika ane sAMparAyika ipathika karmo te che je kaSAyarahita pravRttine kAraNe AtmAne lAge che. ane sAMparAyika karmo te che je ' kyAyayukta pravRttine kAraNe AtmAne lAge che. iryApathika karmo kharekhara AtmA sAthe baMdhAtA nathI, baMdha nAmano ja hoya che, tenuM koI phaLa nathI A darzAve che ke pravRtti choDavA karatAM kaSAyo choDavA upara vizeSa bhAra Apavo ucita che. jenAmAM kaSAyo nathI tema chatAM je pravRtti kare che tene jenA paribhASAmAM sayogIkevalI kahevAmAM Ave che. tene jIvanmukta gaNI zakAya. je lezo uparAMta karmathI ane pravRttithI paNa mukta bane che tene ayogIkevalI kahevAmAM Ave che. Ane videhamukta gaNI zakAya. bauddhane mate mokSa bauddha mate citta ja AtmA che. citta svabhAvathI prabhAskara che. jJAna ane darzana teno svabhAva che. rAga-dveSa Adi maLo Agantuka che. A AgaMtuka maLo anAdi kALathI cittapravAha sAthe seLabheLa thaI gayA che. temane dUra karI cittane tenA mULa svabhAvamAM lAvavA buddhano upadeza che. maLo dUra thatAM cittanuM svasvabhAvamAM AvavuM te ja mokSa che." 'murnirmAtA thiya: 2 bauddho mokSane mATe nirvANa' zabdano prayoga kare che. bauddha mokSane vize kahevAmAM AvyuM che ke pa-ve-saMjJA-saMsAravijJAnapazcaniodhAtu amAvo mokSa, Ama paMcaskandhAbhAva e mokSa che. rUpaska-dha dehavAcI che. teno vyApaka artha che bhUta-bhautika zeyapadArtho. vijJAna skaMdha e nirvicAra ane pariNAme kevaLa anubhavAtmaka evuM viSayAkAra jJAna che. saMzAdha e vicAra ane smRtijanya jJAna che. vedanAskaMdha sukha-du:khanuM veThana che. saMskAraskaMdha e vAsanA che. A pAMca kaMdhono nirodha e mokSa che. Ano artha e thayo ke cittanI vRttirahitatA nirvANa che. nirvANamAM viSayAkAro ke sukhadukhAkAro cittamAM UThatA nathI. nirvANamAM kevaLa zakti hoya che. tene sukha gaNavuM hoya to gaNo. eka vAra citta AvI avasthAne

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bhAratIya darzanomAM mokSavicAra 13 pAme che pachI te temAMthI cuta thatuM nathI. A arthamAM nirvANane acyuta ane nitya gaNavAmAM Ave che. rUpAdi pAMca skaMdho ja saMsArI avasthAmAM eka cittano bIjA cittathI bheda kare che ane vyaktitva bakSe che. A vyaktitvane mATe 'pudgala' zabdano prayoga karavAmAM Ave che. rUpa Adi pAMca skaMdho ja cittanuM vyaktitva che, mahoruM (mask) che. temanAthI atirikta vyaktitva che ja nahi. A samajAvavA mATe ja nAgasene rayanuM prasiddha daSTAnta ApyuM che. rathanA eka eka avayavane laI nAgasena pUche che, ''A ratha che'' ?-dareka vakhate milinda '"nA'' kahe che. chevaTe koI avayava ke zuM bacatuM nathI tyAre nAgasena pUche che ke to pachI ratha kyAM ? cakra Adi avayavothI atirikta ratha nAmanI koI avayavI vastu nathI. avayavothI bhinna avayavI nAmanI koI vastune bauddho svIkAratA nathI e ahIM dhyAnamAM rAkhIe. skaMdho pote ja vyaktitva che. A vyaktitvane ja pudgala kahevAmAM Ave che.' nirvANamAM pAMca skaMdhono abhAva thatAM vyaktitvano arthAt pudgalano abhAva thAya che. paraMtu eno artha e nahi ke cittano abhAva thaI jAya che. vyaktitvavihIna citta to nirvANamAM rahe che ja.45 arthAt, nirvANamAM badhAM citto taddana ekasarakhAM ja hoya che. temanI vacce koI paNa prakArano bheda hoto nathI. dIpanirvANanuM dRSTAnta A pudgalanirvANane samajAve che. tela khUTI jatAM ke vATa saLagI jatAM dIvo jema holavAI jAya che, teno uccheda thAya che, tema pAMca skaMdhono abhAva thatAM vyaktitvano (puddagalano) nAza thAya che. 'AtmA' zabda citta ane pudgala baMnene mATe vaparAyo hovAthI nirvANamAM cittanoya abhAva thaI jAya che evI gerasamaja UbhI thaI che. keTalAkanA mate dIpanirvANanuM dRSTAnta, mukta thayeluM citta kyAM jAya che evA praznano potAno uttara samajAvavA bauddhoe Apela che. dIvo bujhAI jatAM kyAM jAya che ? pUrvamAM, uttaramAM, upara, nIce, dakSiNamAM, ityAdi ? Avo prazna pUchI bauddho sUcavavA mAge che ke mukta thayeluM citta kyAM jAya che e prazna pUchavo yogya nathI. te amuka jagyAe jaIne rahe che ema kahevuM ucita nathI. siddhazilA jevI kalpanAne bauddho yogya gaNatA nathI. bauddhoe nirvANanA be prakAra mAnyA che - sopadhizeSa ane nirupadhizeSa. sopadhiroSamAM rAgAdino nArA thaI jAya che paNa paMcaskaMdho rahe che. ahIM cittanuM pudgala arthAt vyaktitva nirAsrava (rAgAdi doSarahita) hoya che. Ane jIvanmukti gaNI rAkAya. nirupadhiroSamAM pAMca skaMdhono paNa abhAva thaI jAya che. ahIM cittanuM pudgala arthAt vyaktitva paNa nArA pAme che. kevaLa citta ja rahe che. Ane videhamukti gaNI zakAya.' " bauddhonuM citta kSaNika che, to pachI tenA mokSanI vAta karavAno zo artha ? Ano uttara e che ke citta kSaNika hovA chatAM evAM cittonI eka hAramALAne ( = santatine),

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bhAratIya tattvajJAna 14 jemAM pUrvapUrvanAM kSaNika citto uttarauttaranAM kSaNika cittonAM upAdAnakAraNo hoya che, bauddho mAne che. cittasantatimAM pravAhanityatA che. tethI tenA mokSanI vAta karavAmAM kazuM anucita nathI. je cittasannati maLo dUra karI zuddha thAya che te ja santati mukta thAya che, bIjI nahi, cittasaMtati ane cittadravya e bemAM koI khAsa bheda nathI. * buddhe nirvANanA upAyo tarIke zIla, samAdhi ane prajJAne gaNAvyAM che. vaLI temaNe Arya aSTAMgikamArga, sAta khodhiaMga, cAra maitrI Adi bhAvanA (brahmavihAra) ane samAdhine paNa nirvANanA upAyo gaNAvyA che. bauddho paNa kahe che ke tRSNA ja duHkhanuM mULa che ane karmabaMdhanuM kAraNa che, je tRSNArahita banI pravRtti kare che, te duHkhI thato nathI ane karma badhato nathI. sAMkhya yoga dRSTie mokSa sAMkhya-yoga mate AdhyAtmika, Arthidaivika ane Adhibhautika du:khatrayanI AtyaMtika nivRtti mokSa che. sAMkhyayoga citta uparavaTa puruSa mAne che. tethI prazna UThe che ke mokSa kono--cittano ke puruSano ? keTalAka baMdha ane mokSa kharekhara cittanA ja mAne che.' jyAre bIjA keTalAka baMdha ane mokSa puruSanA mAne che, jeo baMdha ane mokSa cittanA mAne che teo kahe che : cittamAM puruSanuM pratibiMba paDe che. puruSanA prakArAthI prakAzita citta pote ja puruSa chuM evuM abhimAma dharAve che. A cittano aviveka (yA ajJAna) che. citta yogasAdhanA dvArA vRttinirodha kare che ane cittamaLone dUra karI potAnI zuddhi kare che. AvA cittamAM puruSanuM spaSTa ane vizada pratibiMba paDe che. have cittane puruSanA kharA svarUpanuM jJAna thAya che ane pariNAme potAno puruSathI bheTha samajAya che. A che vivejJAna. vivekajJAnathI te jANe che ke puruSa to kUTasthanitya ane nirguNa che, jyAre huM pariNAmI ane guNI chuM. AvuM vivekAna thatAM citta puruSanA pratibiMbane jhIlavAnuM baMdha karI de che ane saMpUrNa vRttinirodha karI puruSa AgaLa pote pragaTa thavAnuM baMdha karI de che. tene have puruSa sAthe koI saMbaMdha raheto nathI, kAraNa ke puruSa cittanI vRttiono ja draSTA che. paraMtu vRttiono saMpUrNa nirodha thatAM puruSa pote draSTAsvarUpa hovA chatAM teno citta sAtheno draSTApaNAno saMbaMdha pUro thaI jAya che. citta kevaLa khanI jAya che. puruSanuM pratibiMba cittamAM paDatuM nathI. chevaTe cittano potAnI mULa prakRtimAM laya thaI jAya che. A cittaya ja mokSa che. cittamAM puruSanA pratibiMbano artha samajavAno che cittanuM puruSAkAre pariNamana. citta te te viSayanA AkAre pariNamI tene jANe che. para jeo cittano mokSa mAne che teo puruSamAM cittanA pratibiMbanI vAta karatA nathI. jeo puruSano mokSa mAne che teo puruSamAM cittanuM pratibiMba svIkAre che. A pratibiMba ddarpaNamAM mukhapratibiMba jevuM che, pariNAmarUpa nathI. tema chatAM jeo puruSamAM 5

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bhAratIya darzanomAM mokSavicAra 15 cittanuM pratibiMba nathI svIkAratA teo mAne che ke AvuM pratibiMba paNa puruSamAM mAnIe to kUTasthanitya puruSanI be avasthAo mAnavI paDe ane pariNAme puruSanA phUTasyanityatvane hAni thAya.. koIne prazna thAya ke cittanA mokSanI vAtamAM duHkhamukti kyAM AvI? eno uttara A pramANe che : duHkha e cittanI vRtti che. duHkharUpa cittavRtti uddabhavavAnuM kAraNa rAga Adi lezo che. lezo paNa cittavRttio che. rAga Adi klezarUpa cittavRttiono nirodha thatAM duHkharUpa cittavRttiono virodha thaI jAya che. vivekAnarUpa cittavRttithI avivekAnarUpa cittavRttino virodha thaI jAya che. avivekajJAnarUpa cittavRttino nirodha thatAM rAga Adi klezarUpa cittavRttiono nirodha thAya che ane kalezarUpa cittavRttiono nirodha thatAM du:kharUpa cittavRttiono nirodha thaI jAya che."* vivekI cittane kleza ke duHkha hotAM nathI. vivekI cittane punarbhava nathI. A jIvanmukti che. tenAM prArabdha karmo bhogavAI jatAM vivekI cittakarmamukta thAya che ane teno prakRtimAM laya thAya che. A videhamukti che. Ama kramathI aAnamukti, lezamukti, duHkhamukti ane karmamukti thAya che." jeo puruSanI muktinI vAta kare che teo A pramANe jaNAve che : pariNAmI cittanI vRttionuM pratibiMba puruSamAM paDe che. puruSagata cittavRttinA pratibiMbano artha puruSanuM cittavRttinA AkAre pariNamana nathI paraMtu kevaLa pratibiba ja che. tethI puruSanI phUTasthanityatAne kaMI vAMdho Avato nathI. cittanI sva-puruSanA avivekarUpa cittavRtti, sukhAkAra ke duHkhAkAra cittavRtti puruSamAM pratibiMbita thAya che. Ama puruSamAM pratibiMbAtmaka aviveka ane du:kha che. jyAre cittamAM vivekajJAnarUpI vRtti jAge che tyAre mathI rAgAdi klorUpa cittavRttio ane duHkharUpa cittavRttio cittamAM UThatI nathI. pariNAme puruSamAM paNa pratibiMbAtmaka vijJAna jAge che ane tethI kramaza: pratibiMbAtmaka klezarUpa cittavRttio ane duHkharUpa cittavRttio dUra thAya che. Ama puruSa pratibiMbAtmaka duHkhamAMthI mukta thAya che. chevaTe jyAre citta vivekajJAnarUpa vRttinoya nirodha karI sarve vRttiono nirodha sAdhe che tyAre cittanuM pratibiMba puruSamAM paDatuM baMdha thaI jAya che, kAraNa ke vRttirahita cittanuM pratibiMba puruSamAM paDI zakatuM nathI. Ama puruSa sAva kevaLa banI jAya che ane kevalya pAmyo ema kahevAya che. Ama cittano yA guNono potAnA mULa kAraNamAM laya e kevalya che, athavA svasvarUpamAM pratiSThita citizakti e kevalya che.' mokSamAM cittano to laya thaI gayo hoya che. kevaLa puruSa ja hoya che. puruSane sukha hotuM nathI, kAraNa ke have sukharUpa cittavRttinuM puruSamAM pratibiMba asaMbhava che. bIjuM, puruSa draSTA che paraMtu tenA darananA viSayabhUta cittavRttino abhAva hoI puruSane karAnuM darzana

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bhAratIya tattvajJAna nathI. Ama ahIM te kazAnuM darzana na karato hovA chatAM draSTA che, sAMkhyayoga puruSabahutvavAdI hoI AvA mukta puruSo aneka che. mukta puruSone rahevAnuM koI niyata sthAna sAMkhyayoge jaNAvyuM nathI. AnuM kAraNa e hoI zake ke temane mate puruSa vibhu yA sarvagata che. puruSane jJAna hotuM nathI kAraNa ke e to cittano dharma che. nyAya-vaizeSika mate mokSa nyAya-vaizeSika mate paNa AtyaMtika duHkhanivRtti mokSa che. ApaNe joI gayA ke A dArzaniko cittane mAnatA nathI. paraMtu cittanA jJAna, duHkha vagere dharmo puruSamAM mAne che. Ama duHkha puruSano dharma che, guNa che. jJAna, sukha, duHkha vagere guNo anitya che. teo utpanna thAya che ane nAza pAme che. anitya guNo dharAvanAra puruSa phUTasyanityakema hoI zake? te mATe nyAya-vaizeSikoe anitya guNone puruSathI atyaMta bhinnamAnyA che. chatAM te utpanna thaI puruSamAM samavAya saMbaMdhathI rahe che. tethI duHkha e puruSanuM svarUpa nathI paNa Avo guNa che. du:khanI utpatti thatI taddana baMdha karI devAmAM Ave to puruSamAM samavAyasaMbaMdhathI rahetA duHkhano abhAva thaI jAya. A ja mokSa che. sAMkhyanA cittanA je dharmo che te vaizeSikanA puruSanA vizeSa guNo che. A guNo nava che - jJAna, sukha, du:kha, ichA, dveSa, prayatna, dharma, adharma ane saMskAra, A naveya guNono atyanta uccheda mokSa che. AtmAnA A vizeSa guNono atyanta uccheda thavAthI AtmAno potAno uccheda thato nathI, kAraNa ke dravyarUpa AtmA nirvikAra, phUTanitya che ane teno tenA vizeSaguNethI atyanta bheda che. AtmAnA badhA vizeSaguNono jyAre atyata uccheda thAya che tyAre tenuM svasvarUpamAM avasthAna thAya che. paraMtu AtmAnuM svarUpa zuM? nyAya-vaizeSikoe kahyuM nathI paNa temanA AtmAnuM svarUpa paNa sAMganA puruSanuM ja svarUpa - darzana - che te hoya. nyAya-vaizeSikono AtmA " cetana che. temane mate jJAnayogyatA ja AtmasvarUpa che, je mokSamAM paNa hoya che ja. uparanI carcA uparathI phalita thayuM ke mokSamAM AtmAne zAna paNa nathI ke sukha paNa nathI. (ane darzananI vAta to kyAMya nyAya-vaizeSikoe karI ja nathI.) nyAyavaizeSikonA AvA mokSanI kaTu AlocanA virodhIoe karI che. teo kahe che ke muktimAM AtmA sukha ane saMvedanathI rahita thaI jato hoya to enI ane jaDa paththaranI vacce zuM aMtara rahyuM? mukta AtmA ane jaDa paththara baMne sukha ane zAnathI rahita che. ja mukta AtmA jaDa paththara jevo ja hoya te pachI te du:khamukta che ema kahevAno zo artha? AnA uttaramAM nyAya-vaizeSiko jaNAve che ke koI buddhimAna mANasane evuM kaheto sAMbhaLyo nathI ke paththara du:khamAMthI mukta thayo. duHkhanivRttino prazna tenI ja bAbatamAM UThe che jenI bAbatamAM du:khotpatti zakya hoya. paththaramAM du: khotpatti rAjya ja nathI. tethI mukta AtmAne paththara sAthe sarakhAvavo yogya nathI. vaLI, virodhIo

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bhAratIya darzanomAM mokSavicAra AkSepa kare che ke jo mukta puruSane kaMI jJAna na hoya ane tene kaMI sukha na hoya to tenI avasthA mUrchAvasthA jevI gaNAya ane mUchavasthAne koI nathI icchatuM, to tene koNa Icche ? AnA uttaramAM vAya-vaizeSika jaNAve che ke buddhimAna manuSya kadIya mUrvAvasthAnathI Icchato ema mAnavuM barAbara nathI. asahya vedanAthI kaMTALI buddhimAna manuSya paNa mUrvAvasthA. icche che ane keTalIka vAra to AtmahatyA karavA paNa tatpara thAya che. vaLI, nyAya-vaizeSika ciMtako kahe che ke sukha ane duHkhanivRtti baMneya Ijha che, puruSArtha che, paraMtu buddhimAna vyaktine te bemAMthI duHkhanivRtti ja vadhu priya che kAraNa ke te jANe che ke kevaLa sukha pAmavuM azakya che, sukha duHkhAnuSakta ja hoya che. nyAya-vaizeSikanA A prasthApita siddhAMta viruddha navamI zatAbdInA bhAvasarvajJa nAmanA naiyAyike mokSamAM nitya sukha ane tenA saMvedananI sthApanA karI che.* jo puruSanuM svarUpa darzana hoya to nyAya-vaizeSikoe darzananI vAta kema kyAMya karI nathI? ApaNe jANIe chIe ke puruSanA darzanano viSaya cittavRttio che. cittane na mAnavAthI cittavRttiono abhAva che. tethI nyAya-vaizeSikonA puruSane darzananA viSayano sadaMtara sarvakALe abhAva che. eTale nyAya-vaizeSikoe darzananI vAta karI lAgatI nathI. cittane na mAnavA chatAM vRttio to nyAya-vaizeSikoe mAnI che, alabatta te puruSagata che. puruSamAM samavAyasaMbaMdhathI rahetI vRttionuM darzana purUSa kare che ema mAnavAmAM nyAya-vaizeSikone zI Apatti che? koI Apatti jaNAtI nathI. alabatta, tema mAnatAM temaNe jJAna kadI asaMvidita rahetuM nathI ema mAnavuM paDe, jJAna saMvidita ja utpanna thAya che ema mAnavuM paDe - je emane ISTa nathI. kadAca e kAraNe darzanane temaNe svIkAryuM ja na . hoya ema bane. anAtma deha vageremAM Atmabuddhi mithyAjJAna che " anAtma deha vageremAM anAtmabuddhi ane AtmAmAM Atmabuddhi tattvajJAna che." tattvajJAnathI mithyAjJAna dUra thAya che. mithyAjJAna dUra thatAM anAtma zarIra vagere pratyeno moha - rAga dUra thAya che. arthAtu mithyAjJAna dUra thatAM rAga vagere doSo dUra thAya che. rAga vagere doSo dUra thatAM vyaktinI pravRtti nirdoSa banI jAya che. AvI rAgAdidoSarahita pravRtti punarbhavanuM kAraNa nathI. doSarahita pravRtti karanArane punarbhava aTakI jAya che. pravRtti doSarahita hovAthI navAM karmo baMdhAtAM nathI. tethI je rAga vagere doSothI mukta thaI gayo hoya che te viharato. hovA chatAM mukta che - jIvanmukta che. A avasthAne aparAmukti kahevAmAM Ave che. je rAga vagere doSothI mukta thayo hoya che teno punarbhava aTakI gayo hovA chatAM ane te navAM karmo bAMdhato na hovA chatAM tenAM pUrvakRta karmonAM badhAM phaLa bhogavAIna jAya tyAM sudhI tene chellA janmamAM jIvavAnuM hoya che. ananta janmomAM karelAM karmo eka janmamAM kevI rIte bhogavAI jAya evI zaMkA ahIM koIne thAya. A zaMkAnuM

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18 bhAratIya tattvajJAna samAdhAna nyAya-vaizeSika ciMtako nIce pramANe kare che. eka, karmakSaya mATe ATalo samaya joIe ja evo koI niyama nathI. bIjuM, pUrvanA ananta janmomAM jema kamano saMcaya thato rahyo tema bhogathI temano kSaya paNa thato rahyo hoya che. trIjuM, chellA janmamAM te te karmano vipAka bhogavavA mATe jarUrI judAM judAM aneka nirmANazarIro yogasiddhinA baLe nirmANa karIne tema ja mukta AtmAoe choDI dIdhelAM manone grahaNa karIne te jIvanmukta badhAM pUrvakRta karmonA vipAkane bhogavI le che.* pUrvakarmo chellA janmamAM bhogavAI jatAM nirdoSa pravRtti paNa aTakI jAya che, arthAtu zarIra paDe che. je paraMtu have bhogavavAnAM koI karmo na hovAthI navuM zarIra te dhAraNa karato nathI. tene janma sAtheno saMparka chUTI jAya che, deha sAtheno saMbaMdha chUTI jAya che. deha sAtheno saMbaMdha nAza pAmatAM sarva duHkhono AtyaMtika uccheda thaI jAya che. Ane parAmukti yA nirvANamukti kahevAmAM Ave che. - tattvajJAnathI doSa, pravRtti, janma ane duHkha dUra thAya che e kharuM paNa tattvajJAna kevI rIte utpanna thAya che? tattvajJAnanI utpatti aSTAMga yoganA anuSThAnathI thAya che. vaLI, tattvajJAnanI utpatti mATe adhyAtmavidyAnuM zravaNa-manana-nididhyAsana, adhyAtmavida sAtheno saMvAda ane azubha saMghanI bhAvanA paNa jarUrI che. mImAMsaka mate mokSa AtmA vizenI mImAMsaka mAnyatA lagabhaga nyAya-vaizeSikanI mAnyatA jevI ja che. mImAMsaka mate paNa jJAna AtmAnuM svarUpa nathI paNa guNa che, je amuka nimittakAraNane pariNAme AtmAmAM utpanna thAya che. suSupti ane mokSamAM AtmAmAM jJAna hotuM nathI, kAraNa ke jJAnanAM nimitta kAraNo indriyArthasannikarSa vagere suSumi ane mokSamAM hotAM nathI. mImAMsakono vaizeSikothI eTalo bheda che ke mImAMsako mokSamAM AtmAmAM jJAnazakti mAne che jyAre vizeSiko mokSamAM AtmAmAM jJAnazakti mAnatA nathI. AnuM kAraNa e che ke mImAMsako dravya, guNa, karma vagere uparAMta padArthomAM zaktine eka padArtha tarIke svIkAre che, jyAre nyAya-vaizeSike zaktipadArthane svIkAratA nathI. AtmAne mokSamAM jema jJAna nathI tema sukha, duHkha, icchA, dveSa, prayatna, dharma, adharma tathA saMskAra paNa nathI. mImAMsA kAmya karmone arthAt tRSNAprerita pravRttine ja duHkhanuM ane karmabaMdhananuM kAraNa gaNe che. niSkAmabhAve karavAmAM AvatAM vedavihita ane nitya naimittika karmo duHkha ke karmabaMdhanuM kAraNa nathI. eTale duHkhamAMthI mukta thavA kAmya kamane tema ja niSiddha karmone choDavAM joIe. A kamone choDavA tRSNA yA kAmane choDavo joIe, tRSNAne jItavA AtmAne barAbara jANavo joIe. AtmAne arthAt brahmane jANavA vedAntano abhyAsa karavo joIe. AtmajJAna mokSAbhigAmI pravRttinuM kAraNa che, AtmajJAna mokSanuM sAkSAt kAraNa nathI. mokSanuM sAkSAt kAraNa AtmajJAnapUrvakanI

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bhAratIya darzanomAM mokSavicAra 1zr pravRtti che - karma che. mokSamAM jJAna nathI. mokSamAM sukha nathI. 'nirAnajI mokSa:' mokSamAM du:khAbhAvamAtra che. mokSamAM jJAnazakti mAnI che.pa zAMkara vedAntIonA mate mokSa brahmane satya ane jagatane mithyA mAnanAra zAMkara vedAntIne mate jagatanI badhI vastuonI jema citta paNa mithyA che, mAyAjanita che. temanuM astitva vyAvahArika che, pAramArthika nathI. jyAM sudhI jIvane ajJAna che tyAM sudhI tene mATe temanuM astitva che. '? jJAna thatAM temanuM astitva nathI. paraMtu jIva zuM che ? te che mAyika cittamAM paDatuM brahmanuM ( = puruSanuM) pratibiMba. sAMkhyathI viruddha ahIM puruSo aneka nathI paNa eka che. e eka puruSanuM pratibiMba aneka citto jhIle che. cittono bheda saMskArabhede ane klerAbhede che. AvAM bhinna saMskAra ane bhinna klezo dharAvatAM cittomAM paDatuM pratibiMba cittamAdhyamabhede bhinna bhinna hoya che. A pratibiMbo (jIvo) ema mAne che ke teo badhAM puruSathI bhinna che ane temanuM svataMtra astitva che. pratibiMbanuM astitva kadI biMbanirapekSa svataMtra hoI zake ? nA. paraMtu teo to potAne svataMtra astitva dharAvatA mAne che. A temanuM ajJAna che." "tuM brahma ja che' e mahAvAkyanuM zravaNa, AcAryopadeza, vagerethI tene jhAMkhI thavA lAge che ke huM brahma chuM, tyAra bAda te '"huM brahma chu'' evI akhaMDAkAra cittavRttinA pravAha dvArA (arthAt dhyAna dvArA) bhedaviSayaka ajJAnarUpa cittavRttino nAza kare che. 19 ajJAnarUpa cittavRttino nArA thatAM ajJAnanA vaizvika rUpa mAyAmAMthI pedA thayeluM citta lopa pAmI jAya che, cittano lopa thatAM cittamAM paDatuM brahmanuM pratibiMba potAnA khikhamAM ( = brahmamAM) samAI jAya che. Ama jIva-brahmanuM aikya thAya che. Aja brahmasAkSAtkAra che. A ja vedAntanI mukti che. have prazna thAya che ke AmAM duH khamuktinI vAta kyAM AvI ? eka jIva potAne bIjA jIvothI ane brahmathI judo mAne che eTale moha, zoka, vagere janme che, je du:khanAM kAraNa che. eTale jIve badhe ektva ja jovuM joIe ane badhAne brahmarUpa ja samajavA joIe, jethI duHkhano saMbhava ja na rahe. tatra jo moha: : zo |manupazyataH / ekatva hoya tyAM bhaya paNa kono rahe ? be hoya tyAM eka bIjAthI bhaya pAme. dvitIyAj yai mayaM mati / eTale advaitasAkSAtkAra ja duHkhamukti che. brahmane AnaMdasvarUpa varNavyuM che. muktimAM jIva brahmamAM samAI jAya che, brahmarUpa banI jAya che, tenuM alaga astitva ke vyaktitva rahetuM ja nathI. te brahmatva prApta kare che. pariNAme te svayaM AnaMdasvarUpa banI jAya che. te AnaMdano anubhava karanAro ke bhoktA nathI paNa te pote ja AnaMda che. muktimAM cittanuM astitva na hoI, cittanI koI vRtti hotI nathI. nathI hotuM sukha, nathI hotuM duHkha, nathI hotuM jJAna. ahIM prazna thAya ke AnaMda e sukha nathI to zuM che ? te sukha nathI. te sukha, du:kha, zoka, bhaya, kAma vagerenA

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bhAratIya tattvajJAna abhAvane kAraNe vyakta thatI parama zAnti che. adhyAtmazAstromAM A zAnti ja icchavAmAM AvI che. brahmane jJAnarUpa varNavavAmAM AvyuM che paraMtu tyAM jJAnano artha darzana, draSTRtva yA sAkSitva che, jJAna to cittanI ( anta: purAnI ) vRtti che. bhuktiyAM aikyajJAna paNa nathI. jema sAMkhyamAM muktimAM bhedajJAna (= vivejJAna) nathI, tema vedAntamAM muktimAM aikyajJAna paNa nathI. brahma parama sat che. Ama mukta thayela jIva sat, cit ane AnaMdasvarUpa brahmamAM samAI jAya che, tadrupa thaI jAya che. brahmabhAvanI prApti mATe jIve yogasAdhanA karavI jarUrI che. 20 TippaNa 1 juo nyAyasUtra 1.1.1 upara udyotakaranuM vArtika 2 dhammacakkapavattanasutta, saMyuttanikAya. 3 yathA cikitsAzAstraM caturvyUhaM rogo, rogahetu:, ArogyaM, bhaiSajyamiti / evamidamapi zAstraM caturvyUham-tad yathA saMsAra: saMsArahetuH mokSo mokSopAya iti / vyAsabhASya 2.15 4 nyAyavArtika 1.11 pa prArUpAbhASya, AtmaprakaraNa 9 sAMdhyapravacanamAdhya, 3.22 7 cittaM cetaNA buddhiH taM jIvatattvameva / agastyasiMhacUrNi, dasakAliyasutta 4.4 / prAcIna jaina sAhityamAM prayukta 'sacitta', 'acitta', 'yuddhaIcitta' vagere zabdo vidhAro. 8 cittasya... prakhyArUpam / yogavArtika 1.2 / 'abhyA' no artha che jJAna.... puruSasya... draSTRtvam | sAMkhyakArikA 19 / yo hi jAnAti ... na tasya... arthadarzanam... yasya cArthadarzanaM na sa jAnAti / nyAyamaJjarI (kAzIsaMskRtasirija) pR. 24. 8 ... puruSasyApariNAmitvAt / yogasUtra 4.18 / puruSazcinmAtro'vikArI / yogavArtika 4. 4 / 10 yathA ca citi buddheH pratibimbamevaM buddhAvapi citpratibimbaM svIkAryam / yogavArtika 1.4 / 11 sabbesu dhammesu ca ANadassI / suttanipAta 478 / tamahaM jAnAmi passAmiti / majjhimanikAya 9.329 // upayogo ( jIvasya = cittasya ) lakSaNam / sa dvividhaH / tattvArthasUtra 2.8-9 / sa upayogo dvividhaH... jJAnopayogo darzanopayogazca / sarvArthasiddhi, 2.9 / 12 jJAnAdhikaraNamAtmA / tarkasaMgraha 17, bhumo vaizeSikasUtra 1.2.4. 13 .. guNaguNinau... mithaH sambaddhAvanubhUyete... tasmAd bhinne eva vastunI sambaddhe sAmAnAdhikaraNyena pratIyete / nyAyArtikatAtparyaTIkA 1.1.4 /

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bhAratIya darzanamAM mokSavicAra 21 14 buddhisukhaduHkhecchAdveSaprayatnadharmAdharmabhAvanA Atmamana:saMyogajA: / kandalI (gaMgAnAthajhA graMthamAlA-1) 183, pR. 238 15.vaizeSikasUtra 3.2.4 1.1 tatra duHkhatrayam AdhyAtmikam Adhibhauttikam AdhidaivikaJceti / sAMkhyakArikA gauDapAdabhASya 1. 17 pariNAmatApasaMskAraduHkhairguNavRttivirodhAcca duHkhameva sarvaM vivekinaH / yogasUtra 2.15. ___ modInI parama: pa. mane. saM.26:manI mAnyatA bhATe mo. abhidharmakoza vyAkhyA (Woghara 1971) pR. 23 . 18 tasya (duHkhasya) hetu: avidyA / yogasUtra 2.24 / sumo nyAyasUtra 1.1.2 tathA tattvArthasUtra 8.1 / 18 klezamUla: karmAzayaH / yogasUtra 2.12 / nidAnasaMyutta, saMyuttanikAya / mahAnidAna- sutta, dIdhanikAya. 20. bho 'Rajas and Karman', Sambodhi, Vol. 6, Nos 1-2. 21.yogasUtra 1.33 tavArthasUtra7.6 / vizudibhArga, hindI anuvAda, sAranAya, 1656, HI. 1. pR. 253-288 22 na, klezasantate: svAbhAvikatvAt / nyAyasUtra 4.1.65 / anAdirayaM klezasantatiH, na cAnAdiH zakya ucchettumiti / nyAyabhASya 4.1.65 klezAnubandhAnAstyapavargaH / klezAnubaddha evAyaM mriyate klezAnubaddhazca jAyate nAsya klezAnubandhavicchedo gRhyate / nyAyabhASya 4.1.59 23 pravRttyanubandhAnnAstvapavargaH / nyAyabhASya 4.1.59 24 na, arthavizeSaprAbalyAt / nyAyasUtra 4.2.39 25. kSudAdibhiH pravartanAcca / nyAyasUtra 4.2.40 . 26 kandalI, pR. 213 / 27 suSuptasya svapnAdarzane klezAbhAvAdapavarga: / nyAyasUtra 4.1.63 28 na, saGkalpanimittatvAca rAgAdInAm / nyAyasUtra 4.1.68 28 ...pratipakSabhAvanAbhyAsena ca samUlamunmUlayituM zakyante doSA iti / nyAyamaJjarI, bhAga 2, pR. 86 (kAzIsaMskRta sirijha) * 30 na pravRttiH pratisandhAnAya hInaklezasya / nyAyasUtra 4.1.64 / tato mithyAjJAnasya dagdhabIjabhAMvopagamaH punazcAprasavaH... / yogabhASya 2.26 / 31 nyAyasUtra 4.2.42 /

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22 32 kandalI, pR. 213 33 tattvArthasUtra, 10.2 ( sarvArthasiddhisahita) 34 tadanantaramUrdhvaM gacchatyAlokAntAt / tattvArthasUtra 5.5 35. jaM saMThANaM tu ihaM bhavaM cayaMtassa caramasamayasmi / AsI ya paesaghaNaM taM saMThANaM tahiM tassa // Avazyakaniryukti gAthA 1228 / bhAratIya tattvajJAna 35 tattvArthasUtra 9.1-8 37 samyagdarzanajJAnacaritrANi mokSamArgaH | tattvArthasUtra 1. 1. 38 tattvArthasUtra (paM. susAsanI gubharAtI vyAbhyA sAthe ) sUtra 1.9 37 sakaSAyAkaSAyayoH sAmparAyikeryApathayoH / tattvArthasUtra 6.5 (paM. subhalAlanI gujarAtI vyAkhyA sAthe) 40 prabhAsvaramidaM cittaM prakRtyA''gantavo malAH / pramANavArtika 1.210 41 cittameva hi saMsAro raagaadikleshvaasitm| tadeva tairvinirmuktaM bhavAnta iti kathyate / tattvasaMgrahapaJjikA (pR. 104) mAM zraddhAcArya kamalazIle uSkRta karela prAcIna bauddha zloka. 42 zAntarakSita tatvasaMgrahamA (pR. 184 ) spaSTapaNe yA pramANe 4gAve che. 43 maina vidvAna bhADe potAnA 'tattvArtharAjavArtika' mAM mA prabhAo mauddha nirvAzane samajAvela che. 44 milindapaha (V. Trenckner, London 1880) a. 2, pR. 25-28 45 kammassa kArako natthi vipAkassa ca vedako / suddhadhammA pavattanti evetaM sammadassanaM // visuddhimagga a. 19 45. dIpo yathA nirvRtimabhyupeto naivAvaniM gacchati nAntarikSam / dizaM na kAJcid vidizaM na kAJcit snehakSayAt kevalameti zAntim // saundarananda, 16.29 47 dvividhaM nirvANamupavarNitam - sopadhizeSaM nirupadhizeSaM ca / tatra niravazeSasya avidyArAgAdikasya klezagaNasya prahANAt sopadhizeSaM nirvANamiSyate / ... upadhizabdena... paJcopAdAna skandhA ucyante / saha upadhizeSeNa vartata iti sopadhizeSam / tacca skandhamAtrakameva kevalam / yatra tu nirvANe skandhamAtrakamapi nAsti tannirupadhizeSa nirvANam / mAdhyamikavRtti, pR. 519 48 klezakarmAbhisaMskRtasya santAnasyAvicchedena pravartanAt paraloke phalapratilabhbho'midhIyate / bodhicaryAvatArapaJjikA (bibliodhekA iMDikA) pR. 473 | bhumo zAntarakSitakRta tattvasaMgrahamAM karmalasaMbaMdhaparIkSA nAmanuM prakaraNa.

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bhAratIya darzanomAM mokSavicAra 48 so morayazana, nagIna. 7. 2, pR. 12-118. 50 saivo, 12 51 sadA jJAtAzcittavRttayastatprabho: puruSasya... / yogasUtra 4.18 52 tadavasthe cetasi viSayAbhAvAt buddhibodhAtmA puruSaH kiMsvabhAva iti ? tadA draSTuH svarUpe'vasthAnam / yogasUtra 1.3 (bhASyotthAnikAsahita) 53 yathA ca citi buddheH pratibimbamevaM buddhAvapi citpratibimbaM svIkAryam / yogavArtika, 1.4 54-55 tallAbhAd (vivekajJAnalAbhAd) avidyAdayaH klezAH samUlakASaM kaSitA bhavanti / kuzalAkuzalAca karmAzayA: samUlaghAtaM hatA bhavanti / klezakarmanivRttau jIvanneva vidvAn vimukto bhavati / kasmAt ? yasmAd viparyayo bhavasya kAraNam ? nahi kSINaviparyayaH kazcit kenacit kvacit jAto dRzyata iti / yogabhASya 4.60 5sAMkhyakArikA, 68 57 Adhastu mokSo jJAnena... dvitIyo rAgAdikSayAditi... karmakSayAt tRtIyaM vyAkhyAtaM mokSalakSaNam / yogavArtika, 4.25-4.32 58 yadyapi puruSazcinmAtro'vikArI tathApi buddherviSayAkAravRttInAM puruSe yAni pratibimbAni tAnyeva puruSasya vRttayaH, na ca tAbhiH avastubhUtAmi: pariNAmitvaM sphaTikasyevAtattva to'nyathAbhAvAt / yogavArtika, 1.4 58 sAMkhyapravacanabhASya 1.1 30 paramANoriva vRttyatiriktAnAM pratibimbasamarpaNAsAmarthyasya phalabalena kalpanAt / yogavArtika, 1.4 . 11 puruSArthazUnyAnAM guNAnAM pratiprasava: kaivalyaya, svarUpapratiSThA vA citizaktiriti / yogasUtra, 4.34 12 kaivalyaM prAptAstarhi santi ca bahavaH kevalina: / yogabhASya 1.24. 53 navAnAmAtmavizeSaguNAnAmatyantocchittirmokSaH / vyomavatI (caukhambA, 1930), pR. 638 14 samastAtmavizeSaguNocchedopalakSitA svarUpasthitireva / kandalI pR. 692. 15 yadi muktAtmAnaH pASANatulyajaDAstarhi kathaM tatra duHkhanivRttivyapadeza: ? 51 na hi 'pASANo duHkhAnivRttaH' iti kenApi prekSAvatA vyapadizyate / duHkhasaMbhava eva hi du:khnivRttinirdissttumrhti| - 17 na, duHkhArtAnAM tadabhAvavedanamabhisandhAyaiva tajjihAMsAdarzanAt, kathamanyathA dehamapi jhH| Atmatattvaviveka (caukhambA 1140), pR. 438 68 nyAyabhASya 1.1.2

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24 bhAratIya tatvajJAna F8 nyAyasAra pR. 594-98 (SaDdarzana pratiSThAna, vArANasI, 1818). 70 kiM punastanmithyAjJAnam / anAtmanyAtmagrahaH / nyAyabhASya 4.2.1 71. tattvajJAnaM khalu mithyAjJAnaviparyayeNa vyAkhyAtam / nyAyabhASya 1.1.2 72 yadA tu tattvajJAnAd mithyAjJAnamapaiti tadA mithyAjJAnApAye doSA apayAnti / nyAyabhASya 73 na pravRttiH pratisandhAnAya hInaklezasya / nyAyasUtra 4.1.64 74 so'yamadhyAtma bahizca viviktacitto viharanmukta ityucyate / nyAyabhASya 4.1.64 75 ...sarvANi pUrvakarmANi hyante janmani vipacyanta iti / nyAyabhASya 4.1.64 76 ... anantAnAM kathamekasmin janmani parikSaya iti cet / kandalI, pR. 687 77 na. kAlAniyamAt / kandalI, pR. 687 78 yathaiva tAvat pratijanma karmANi cIyante, tathaiva bhogAt kSIyante ca / kandalI, pR. 687 78 yogI hI yogaddhisiddhayA... nirmAya tadupabhogayogyAni... tAni tAni sendriyANi zarIrANi, anta:karaNAni ca muktAtmabhirupekSitAni gRhItvA sakalakarmaphalamanubhavati prAptaizcarya itItthamupabhogena karmaNAM kSayaH / nyAyamaJjarI, bhA. 2. pR. 88 80 pravRttyapAye janmApaiti / nyAyabhASya 1.1.2 81 samAdhivizeSAbhyAsAt / nyAyasUtra 4.2.38 tadarthaM yamaniyamAbhyAmAtmasaMskAro yogAccAdhyAtmavidhyupAyaiH / nyAyasUtra, 4.2.46 / 82 jJAnagrahaNAbhyAsastadvidyaizca saha saMvAdaH / nyAyasUtra 4.2.47 . 83 nyAyabhASya 4.2.3 84 zAstradIpikA pR. 125-30 . 85. yadasya svaM naijaM rUpaM jJAnazaktisattAdravyatvAdi tasminnavatiSThate / zAstradIpikA, pR. 130 81 buddhibhedAditi / buddhiranta:karaNam / Adye pakSe buddhibhedAt tatsaMskArabhedaH / tadbhedAcca tdvcchinnaajnyaanbhedH| tadbhedAcca tatpratibimbitacaitanyabheda iti jIvanAnAtvam / antye tu buddhibhedAt tatpratibimbitacaitanyabheda iti jIvanAnAtvam / pAramArthikatvAditi / pratibimbaM ca na bimbAdanyat kiJcidityanupadamevoktamiti bimbarUpeNa pAramArthikameva tat / siddhAntabinduTIkA (abhyaMkarakRtA) pR. 47, B.O.R.I. Poona, 1928 87 tadevaM vedAntavAkyajanyAkhaNDAkAravRttyA avidyAnivRttau tatkalpitasakalAnarthanivRttau paramAnandarUpaH san kRtakRtyo bhvti|' siddhAntabinduTIkA (zaMkarakRtA) pR. 153, B.O.R.I, Poona, 1928.