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________________ sAdhvIratna puSpavatI abhinandana grantha ArSa granthoM meM vyavahRta pAribhASika zabdAvali aura usa kA artha abhiprAya -DA. Aditya pracaNDiyA 'dIti' vaidika, bauddha aura jaina mAnyatAoM para AdhArita saMskRtiyA~ bhAratIya saMskRti kA saMgaThana karatI haiM / bhAratIya saMskRti ko jAnane ke lie ina saMskRtiyoM kA jAnanA parama Avazyaka hai| ina saMskRtiyoM ko jAnane ke lie mukhyatayA do srota pracalita haiM(a) vyAvahArika pakSa (ba) siddhAnta pakSa kAla aura kSetra ke anusAra vyAvahArika pakSa meM pracura parivartana hote rahe kintu vAGamaya meM prayukta zabdAvali meM kisI prakAra kA parivartana sambhava nahIM ho skaa| isa prakAra ke sAhitya ko samajhane-samajhAne ke lie usameM vyavahRta zabdAvali ko bar3I sAvadhAnI se samajhanA caahie| jaina saMskRti se sambandhita aneka pAribhASika zabda aise haiM jinake artha vaidika aura bauddha saMskRtiyoM kI apekSA bhinna haiN| zabda kA samyaka vizleSaNa kara hameM usameM vyApta arthAtmA ko bhalI-bhA~ti jAnanA aura pahacAnanA caahie| aisI jAnakArI prApta karane ke lie zabda-sAdhaka ko kisI bhI pUrva Agraha kA prazraya nahIM lenA hogaa| vaha taTasthabhAva se tatsambandhI sAMskRtika zabdAvali ko jAnane kA prayAsa karata mahAtmA bhartRhari kA kathana hai ki yathA sA sarva vidyA zilpAnAM kalAnAM copabandhinI / tad zabdAbhiniSpannaM sarva vastu vibhajyate / arthAt samasta vidyA, zilpa aura kalA zabda kI zakti se sambaddha hai| zabda zakti se pUrNa yA siddha samasta vastue~ vivecita aura vibhakta kI jAtI haiN| abhivyakti eka zakti hai| abhivyakti ke pramukha upakaraNoM meM bhASA kA sthAna mahanIya hai| abhivyakti aura artha-vyaMjanA meM zabda zakti kI bhUmikA mahattvapUrNa hai| zabda ke rUpa aura artha meM kAla aura kSetra kA prabhAva par3A karatA hai| kAlAntara meM usake svarUpa aura artha meM parivartana haA karate haiN| parivartana kI isa dhArA meM prAcIna vAGamaya meM prayukta zabdAvali kA apanA artha-abhiprAya vizeSa rUpa grahaNa kara letA hai| zabda kA yahI vizeSa abhiprAya athavA artha vastutaH usakA pAribhASika artha sthira karatA hai / ArSa granthoM meM vyavahRta pAribhASika zabdAvali aura usakA artha abhiprAya : DaoN0 Aditya pracaMDiyA | 161 www.jaihebter
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________________ I TOTTO M OTIO D IO .. ... .. .. ..... .... sAdhvIratnapuSpavatI abhinandana grantha zabda kyA hai ? yaha jAnanA bhI Avazyaka hai / zrI kAlikA prasAda zabda kI vyAkhyA karate hue kahate haiM ki AkAza meM kisI bhI prakAra se utpanna kSobha jo vAyu taraMga dvArA kAnoM taka jAkara sunAI par3e athavA par3a sake vaha zabda kahalAtA hai / zabda mUlataH eka zakti hai / vaha brahma hai / paramAtmA hai / saMsAra ke sabhI rasoM kA paripAka zabdoM meM samAhita hai| usakI mahimA apAra hai| zabda kI sAdhanA se sarvasva sadha jAtA hai| sAhityazAstra meM zabda mahimA kA atizaya ullekha milatA hai| zabda mulataH eka dhvani vizeSa hai / dhvani sAmAnyataH do prakAra kI hotI hai / yathA(a) nirarthaka (ba) sArthaka vAdya yantra (mRdaMgAdi) se utpanna dhvani nirarthaka hai aura manuSya ke vAgyantra se nisRta sArthaka dhvani varNAtmaka dhvani kahalAtI hai| yahI vastutaH vyAkaraNa meM vaha dhvani samaSTi hai jo ekAkI rUpa meM apanA artha rakhatI hai| jaba zabda vAkya ke antargata prayukta hokara vibhaktyanta rUpa dhAraNa karatA hai to vaha vastutaH pada kahalAtA hai| bAlaka eka zabda hai aura jaba vaha vAkya ke antargata 'bAlakaH paThati' ke rUpa meM prayukta hotA hai to 'bAlakaH' pada bana jAtA hai kyoMki yaha prathamA vibhakti kA eka vacana hai aura vyAkaraNa ke anusAra sup vibhakti pratyaya hai / 'paThati' dUsarA pada hai kyoMki isameM tiGaH pratyaya hai| AcArya pANini zabda meM vibhakti ke prayoga se pada kA nirmANa honA mAnate haiM / bhASAvijJAna kI dRSTi se zabda kI mAnyatA meM kAlAntara meM parivartana huA karatA hai| zabda bar3A sthUla hai aura usameM vyajita artha utanA hI sUkSma / yadyapi sUkSma kI abhivyakti sthUla ke mAdhyama se sambhava nahIM hotI tathApi jo prayatna hue haiM unheM sAvadhAnIpUrvaka samajhane kI sarvathA apekSA rahI hai / kisI viziSTa zAstra meM jo zabda kisI viziSTa artha meM prayukta hotA hai artha kI dRSTi ne usa zabda ko pAribhASika zabda kahate haiN| DaoNkTara raghuvIra ke anusAra jina zabdoM kI sImA bA~dha dI jAtI hai, ve pAribhASika zabda ho jAte haiM aura jinakI sImA nahIM bAMdhI jAtI ve sAdhAraNa zabda hote haiN| zrI mahe pAribhASika zabda ke do pramukha guNoM kA ullekha karate haiM / yathA(a) niyatArthatA (ba) paraspara apavarjitA pratyeka pAribhASika zabda kA artha niyata nizcita hotA hai jisameM sunizcita artha ko hI vyakta kiyA jAtA hai / sAmAnya zabda kA udbhava jana-sAdhAraNa ke bIca hotA hai aura vahA~ svIkRta hone ke bAda vaha apara bauddhikatA ke stara taka uThatA hai parantu pAribhASika zabda kA janma eka sImita saMkucita bauddhika karma kI sahamati se aura unake bIca hotA hai / bhASA meM pAribhASika zabdoM kI AvazyakatA satata bar3hatI rahatI hai| jyoM-jyoM jJAna-vijJAna ke caraNa Age bar3hate haiM unakI upalabdhiyoM ko mUrta bodhagamya rUpa dene ke lie pAribhASika zabdoM kI AvazyakatA par3atI hai| hamAre jJAna kI varddhamAna paridhi meM jo bhI vastu vicAra athavA vyApAra A jAte haiM unheM hama nAma de dete haiN| yaha prakriyA sAmAnya zabdoM ke janma kI prakriyA se bhinna hotI hai / pAribhASika zabdAvali bauddhika tantra kI upaja hai aura jahA~ taka isa tantra kI sImA hotI hai vahIM taka usakA pracAraprasAra hotA hai| kisI bhI bhASA meM samucita pAribhASika zabdAvali kI vidyamAnatA usa bhASA-bhASI varga ke bauddhika utkarSa evaM sampannatA kA paricAyaka hotI hai aura usakA abhAva bauddhika daridratA kaa| bhASAoM kI zabdAvaliyoM meM pAribhASika zabdAvalI kA mahAn sthAna misTara moriyopAI ke isa kathana 162 | caturtha khaNDa : jaina darzana, itihAsa aura sAhitya pternmenternal www.jainello
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________________ sAdhvI ratna puSpavatI abhinandana grantha se spaSTa bhASita ho jAegA" - "yaha anumAna lagAyA gayA hai ki sabhI sabhya bhASAoM kI zabdAvaliyoM meM Adhe zabda vaijJAnika tathA zilpa vijJAna sambandhI pAribhASika zabda haiM, jinameM se bahuta se zabda pUrI taraha antarrASTrIya haiM / " bhArata ke prasiddha vaijJAnika tathA zikSAzAstrI svargIya DaoN0 zAnti svarUpa bhaTanAgara ne likhA thA - "samasta bhArata ke zikSAzAstrI isa bAta meM sahagata haiM ki deza meM Adhunika vijJAnoM ke jJAna ke pracAra meM sabase bar3I bAdhA samucita pAribhASika zabdAvali kA abhAva hai / " pAribhASika zabdoM, arddha pAribhASika zabdoM tathA sAmAnya zabdoM kA yaha mahAna abhAva na kevala hindI meM hI hai, varan bhArata kI sabhI Adhunika bhASAoM meM hai 112 kabhI-kabhI eka hI pAribhASika zabda kA artha bhinna-bhinna viSayoM yA vijJAnoM meM bhI alagaalaga ho jAtA hai / udAharaNa ke bataura saMskRta zabda 'Agama' kA sAdhAraNa artha 'AnA' hotA hai / para nirukta meM isakA artha 'kisI zabda meM kisI varNa kA AnA tathA pratyaya' hotA hai / dharmazAstra meM Agama kA artha 'dharmagrantha aura paramparA se calA Ane vAlA siddhAnta' hotA hai / ApTe ke saMskRta aMgrejI koza meM Agama ke ina pA~ca arthoM ke atirikta 13 artha aura diye haiM jinameM cAra-pA~ca artha pAribhASika haiM / isa prakAra sandhi zabda kA sAdhAraNa artha mela hai para saMskRta vyAkaraNa aura rAjanIti meM isake alaga-alaga artha haiM jo mela-milApa se kucha milate hue bhI bhinna hI haiN| ApTe ne sandhi zabda ke bhI caudaha artha diye haiM / saMskRta 'loha' zabda kA sAmAnya artha 'lohA' hama saba jAnate haiM para 'loha' zabda ke artha bhI tA~bA, tA~be kA phaulAda, sonA, lAla, lAlasA, koI dhAtu, rakta (khUna), hathiyAra aura machalI pakar3ane kA kA~TA bhI hai / abhI dekhate-dekhate bauddha dharma kA dhArmika-pAribhASika zabda 'paMcazIla' rAjanaitika pAribhASika zabda bana gayA aura usakA artha saha-astitva Adi ho gyaa| isI prakAra 'samaya' zabda kA sAmAnya artha kAla (Time) kA bodhaka hai / saMskRta zabdArtha kaustubha meM 'samaya' ke unnIsa artha ullikhita haiM / 13 lekina jaina darzana meM usakA abhiprAya 'AtmA' se bhI hai / ataeva 'samaya' zabda jaina darzana kA pAribhASika zabda hai / 'nirodha' zabda kA jana-sAmAnya meM artha pracalita hai - parivAra niyojana kA carcita upakaraNa / para jaina darzana meM isakA artha jJAnapUrvaka rokanA hai / 'bhava' kA sarvasAmAnya artha hai saMsAra kintu jaina darzana meM 'bhava' zabda janma se maraNa taka kI madhyavartI avadhi ke lie prayukta hotA hai ataeva jaina darzana ke ukta donoM zabda bhI pAribhASika haiM / isa prakAra pAribhASika artha vyaJjanA ko jAne binA prAcIna ArSa granthoM kA artha samajhanA prAyaH sambhava nahIM hai / pAribhASika zabdAvali se aparicita hone ke kAraNa ina granthoM meM vyaJjita arthAtmA ko samajhane-samajhAne meM bar3I asAvadhAnI kI jA rahI hai / prayukta pAribhASika zabdAvali kA samyak jJAna prApta kiye binA koI arthazAstrI (zabdArtha zAstrI - Semasiologist) kisI bhI kAvyAMza kA artha aura vyAkhyA karane meM samartha nahIM ho sakatA / prastuta zodha-lekha meM ArSa granthoM meM vyavahRta katipaya pAribhASika zabdoM abhiprAya prastuta karanA hamArA mUlAbhipreta hai / aNuvrata - 'aNu' kA artha sUkSma hai tathA vrata kA artha dhAraNa karanA hai / isa prakAra aNuvrata zabda kI sandhi karane para isa zabda kI niSpatti huI / aNu nAmadhArI vrata aNuvrata hai / nizcaya samyakdarzana sahita cAritra guNa kI AMzika zuddhi hone se utpanna AtmA kI zuddhi vizeSa ko dezacAritra kahate haiM / zrAvaka dazA meM pA~ca pApoM kA sthUlarUpa ekadeza tyAga hotA hai, use aNuvrata kahA jAtA hai 114 ArSa granthoM meM vyavahRta pAribhASika zabdAvali aura usakA artha abhiprAya : DaoN0 Aditya pracaMDiyA | 163 www.
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________________ sAdhvIratna puSpavatI abhinandana grantha aNuvrata pA~ca prakAra se kahe gae haiN| - yathA (1) ahiMsA, (3) acaurya, (5) aparigraha | ye paMcANuvrata AcAra kA mUlAdhAra haiM / aNuvrata samyakdarzana ke binA nahIM hote haiM, aisA jainAcAryoM ne kahA hai 120 bauddha sAhitya meM inakA nAma zIla hai / yogadarzana meM inheM yama kahA gayA hai / aSTAMga yoga inhIM para AdhRta hai / 17 (2) satya, (4) brahmacarya, anuyoga - 'anu' upasarga ko 'yuj' dhAtu se 'dhaJ' pratyaya karane para anuyoga zabda nippanna hotA hai jisakA artha pariccheda athavA prakaraNa hai yathA anuyogo'dhikAraH paricchedaH prakaraNAmityAye ko'rthaH / jinavANI meM varNita Agama jisameM sarvajJa praNIta sUkSma dUravartI -bhUta va bhAvI kAla ke padArthoM kA nizcayAtmaka varNana kiyA gayA hai, aise Agama ke cAra bhedoM ko anuyoga kahate haiM jinameM kramazaH cakravartI kA caritra nirUpaNa, jIva karmoM, triloka Adi sapta tattvoM, munidharma Adi kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| 19 huA hai| bRhadravyasaMgraha meM anuyoga cAra prakAra se kahe gaye haiM- yathA (2) karaNAnuyoga (4) dravyAnuyoga / (1) prathamAnuyoga, (3) caraNAnuyoga, prathamAnuyoga - isameM tIrthaMkara, cakravartI Adi mahAna puruSoM kA caritra varNita hai / karaNAnuyoga - yahA~ jIva ke guNasthAna, usake mArgaNAdi rUpa, karmoM tathA trilokAdi kA nirUpaNa caraNAnuyoga - isameM munidharma tathA gRhasthadharma kA varNana huA hai / dravyAnuyoga - yahA~ SaTdravya, saptatattva, sva-para bhedavijJAnAdi kA nirUpaNa huA hai / 22 Arambha-AGa+rambha ke mela se 'Arambha' zabda niSpanna huA jisakA artha hai cAroM ora se prANiyoM ko raMbhAne arthAt pIr3A pahu~cAne vAlI pravRtti yathA ArambhaH prANi pIr3A heturvyApAraH 122 'Arambha' hiMsA ke tAra bheda-saMkalpI, ArambhI, udyamI tathA virodhI - meM se eka bhedavizeSa hai / ArambhI hiMsA kisI bhI gRhastha ke dvArA kie gae kArya sampAdana meM jAne-anajAne rUpa se huA karatI hai yathA prANiprANa viyojanaM ArambhauNAm / hiMsanazIla arthAt hiMsA karanA hai svabhAva jinakA ve hiMsra kahalAte haiM / unake hI kArya haiMsra kahalAte haiM / unako hI Arambha kahate haiM" - yathA hiMsanazIlA, hiMsrA, teSAM karma haiMsram:, Arambha ityucyate / vratI vrata-sAdhanA ke sAdhakoM ko isa prakAra kI hiMsA kA bhI niSedha hotA hai / 164 | caturtha khaNDa : jaina darzana, itihAsa aura sAhitya www.jainelibr
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________________ sAdhvIratnapuSpavatI abhinandana grantha Asrava-AGa - zru+av pratyaya hone para Azrava zabda niSpanna huA hai jisakA artha hai AkarSaNa honA / karma ke udaya meM bhogoM kI jo rAga sahita pravRtti hotI hai vaha navIna karmoM ko khIMcatI hai arthAt zubhAzubha karmoM ke Ane kA dvAra hI Asrava kahalAtA hai / 25 isa prakAra karma ke AkarSaNa ke hetubhUta AtmapariNAma kA nAma Asrava hai / vastu ke guNa ko tattva kahA gayA hai| jaina darzana meM sAta tattvoM-jIva, ajIva, Asrava, bandha, saMvara, nirjarA, tathA mokSa kI carcA kI gaI hai"6-yathA jIvAjIvAtrababandhasaMvaranirjarAmokSAstattvam / isa prakAra Asrava tattva kA bheda vizeSa hai| kArmaNa skandha ko AkarSita karane vAlI eka yoga nAmaka zakti jIva meM hotI hai jo mana, vaca, kAya kA sahayoga pAkara AtmA ke pradezoM meM halacala utpanna karatI hai| isa yoga zakti se jo kArmaNa skandhoM kA AkarSaNa hotA hai, use Asrava kahate haiM27.--- yathA-- kAyavAGa manaHkama yogaH // 1 // saH AsravaH // 2 // rAjavAttika meM puNya-pApa rUpa karmoM ke Agamana ke dvAra ko Asrava kahA gayA hai28- yathA puNyapApAgama dvAra lakSaNa AsravaH / Asrava ko do bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai29-yathA Asavadi jeNa kammaM pariNAmeNappaNe sa vinnnneo| bhAvAsavo jiNutto kammAsavaNaM paro hodi / 1. dravyAva-jJAnAvaraNAdirUpa karmoM kA jo Asrava hotA hai, vaha dravyAsrava hai / 2. bhAvAlava-jisa pariNAma se AtmA ke karma kA Asrava hotA hai, vaha bhAvAsrava kahalAtA hai| dravya dravyaM padArthaH / dravya kA artha padArtha hai / dravya vaha mUla vizuddha tattva hai jisameM guNa vidyamAna ho tathA jisakA pariNamana karane kA svabhAva hai|--ythaa daviyadi gacchadi tAI tAI sanbhAva pajjayAiM jaM / daviyaM taM bhaNNaM te aNNamadaM tU sttaado|| guNa, paryAya, sadA pAe jAe~, nitya rUpa ho, aneka rUpa pariNati kama hI vaha dravya hai31-yathA taM pariyANahi datva tuhU~ jaM guNa pajjaya-juttu / saha bhuva jANahi tAhe guNa kama bhuva pajjau vuttu // vastutaH guNa aura paryAyoM ke Azraya ko dravya kahate haiM / dravya do prakAra se kahe gae haiM - yathA (ka) jIvadravya-jIva cetanazIla dravya hai| (kha) ajIvadravya-ajIva cetanAzUnya dravya hai| * Asrava kI ukta vyutpatti lekhaka ko svanirmita lagatI hai / vastutaH dravyasaMgraha ke anusAra hI '' dhAtu se Asrava zabda niSpanna hai jisakA artha hai-bahakara aanaa| ArSa granthoM meM vyavahRta pAribhASika zabdAvali aura usakA artha abhiprAya : DaoN0 Aditya pracaMDiyA | 165
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________________ sAdhvIratna puSpavatI abhinandana grantha ajIva dravya ke pA~ca bheda kie gae haiM -- yathA ajIvo puNa neo puggala dhammo adhamma- AyAsaM / kAlo puggala mutto rUvAdi guNoM amutti sesAhu // arthAt pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza tathA kAla ina pA~coM ko ajIva dravya jAnanA cAhie / inameM pudgala mUrtimAna hai kyoMki rUpAdi guNoM kA dhAraka hai / zeSa amUrta haiM / bheda isa prakAra haiM (ka) pudgala dravya - pudgala dravya rUpa, rasa, gaMdha tathA sparza sahita honA hai / yaha mUrtIka hai / zeSa cAra amUrtI haiM / jisameM pUraNa -- ekIbhAva aura galana - pRthakbhAva hotA hai, vaha pudgala dravya hai / pudgala ke do bheda haiM- paramANu aura skandha / avibhAjya pudgala ko paramANu kahate haiM / jo paudgalika padArthoM kA antima kAraNa, sUkSma, nitya, eka rasa, eka gandha, eka varNa aura do sparza yukta hotA hai aura dRzyamAna kAryoM ke dvArA jisakA astitva jAnA jAtA hai, use paramANu kahate haiM / paramANuoM ke ekIbhAva ko skandha kahate haiM / ajaghanya guNa vAle (do yA do se adhika guNa vAle) rUkhe evaM cikane paramANuoM ke sAtha ekIbhAva hotA hai / do se lekara ananta taka ke paramANu ekIbhUta ho jAte haiM, unakA nAma skandha hai jaise do paramANuoM ke milane se jo skandha banatA hai, use dvipradezI skandha kahate haiM / isI prakAra tIna pradezI, daza pradezI, saMkhyeya pradezI, asaMkhya pradezI aura anaMta pradezI skandha hote haiM / (kha) dharmadravya -- yaha jIva tathA pudgala ko calane meM sahAyaka hotA hai / gati meM sahAyaka hone vAle dravya ko dharmadravya kahate haiM / (ga) adharmadravya - yaha adharmadravya jIva tathA pudgala ko Thaharane meM sahAyaka hotA hai / sthiti meM sahAyaka hone vAle dravya ko adharma kahate haiM / (gha) AkAza dravya - chahoM dravya kA nivAsa sthAna AkAza dravya hai / avagAha dene vAle dravya ko AkAza dravya kahate haiM / avagAha kA artha hai avakAza yA Azraya / AkAza avagAha lakSaNa vAlA hai / lokAkAza tathA alokAkAza ke bheda se AkAza do prakAra kA hai / jo AkAza SaDdravyAtmaka hotA hai use lokAkAza kahate haiM / jahA~ AkAza ke atirikta koI dravya nahIM hotA usa AkAza ko aloka kahate haiM / (Ga) kAla dravya - jo dravyoM ke pariNamana hone meM sahAyaka hai, vaha nizcayakAla hai tathA varSa, mAha Adi vyavahAra kAla hai / nirjarA nirgatA: jarA- vRddhatvaM na apitu karmANAM jIrNatva iti nirjarAH / nirjarA kA artha hai jarA rahita / bA~dhe hue karmoM ke pradezoM ke kSaya hone ko nirjarA kahate haiM / 34 karmoM kI jIrNatA se nivRtti kA honA nirjarA kahA gayA hai" - yathA arthAt pUrvabaddha karmoM kA pradezoM se jhar3anA nirjarA hai 36 - yathA puvvabaddha kamma saddhaNaM tu NijjarA jhar3anA nirjarA hai / Atma-pradezoM ke sAtha karma pradezoM kA usa Atma bandhapadezaggalaNaM NijjaraNaM vastutaH tapasyA ke dvArA karmamala kA viccheda hone se jo Atma-ujjvalatA hotI hai, use nirjarA kahate haiM / nirjarA do prakAra se kahI gaI hai 7 - yathA- 166 | caturtha khaNDa : jaina darzana, itihAsa aura sAhitya wwww.jainer
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________________ sAdhvIratna puSpavatI abhinandana grantha (ka) savipAka nirjarA - apane samaya para svayaM karmoM kA udaya meM Akara jhar3ate rahanA / (kha) avipAka nirjarA - tapa dvArA samaya se pahale karmoM kA jhar3anA / zubha bhAvoM se pApa kI nirjarA hotI hai aura puNya kA bandha hotA hai kintu zuddha bhAvoM se donoM kI nirjarA hotI hai / lizyate iti lezyAH / kaSAyAM prakRtiredaM lezyA / lezyA kA artha lepa hai 38 - yathA limpatIti lezyA jo jise vaha lezyA hai / kaSAyoM se lipta mana-vacana-kAya kI pravRtti lezyA kahalAtI hai / dUsare zabdoM meM kaha sakate haiM ki zubha-azubha bhAva rUpa lepa ke dvArA AtmA ke pariNAma lipta karane vAlI pravRtti lezyA kahalAtI hai 39 - yathA lippaha appI korai eyAha niyaya puSNa pAvaM ca / jIvoti hoi lesA lesAguNa jANayakkhAyA. // arthAt jisake dvArA jIva puNya-pApa se apane ko lipta karatA hai, usako lezyA kahate haiM / lezyA do prakAra se kahI gaI hai 10 yathA gayA hai 42 - (ka) bhAvalezyA - jIva ke pariNAma svarUpa bhAvalezyA hotI hai / (kha) dravya lezyA - zarIranAmakarmodaya se utpanna dravyalezyA hai / dravyalezyA chaha prakAra se varNita hai jinheM do mukhya bhAgoM meM nimna prakAra se vibhAjita kiyA (ka) zubhalezyA - zyA (ka) pIta lezyA - suvarNa sadRza varNa (kha) padma lezyA - padma samAna varNa (ga) zukla lezyA - zaMkha ke sadRza varNa (kha) azubhalezyA - (ka) kRSNa lezyA - bhramara ke sadRza kAlA varNa (kha) nIla lezyA - nIlamaNi sadRza raMga (ga) kApota lezyA - kapota sadRza varNa saMvara-sama pUrvaka 'vR' dhAtu se apa pratyaya karane para 'saMvara' zabda niSpanna huA hai / jainadarzana meM sapta tattvoM - jIva, ajIva, baMdha, Asrava, saMvara, nirjarA, mokSa- meM se pAMcavAM tattva saMvara hai / jIva ke rAgAdika azubha pariNAmoM ke abhAva se karma vargaNAoM ke Asrava kA rukanA saMvara kahalAtA hai 142 Asrava ke nirodha ko saMvara kahate haiM - yathA-- Asrava nirodhaH saMvaraH / gupti, samiti, dharma, anuprekSA, parISahajaya, cAritrya ye sabhI saMvara ke kAraNa haiM / " saMvara do prakAra se kahe gae haiM 45 - yathA ArSa granthoM meM vyavahRta pAribhASika zabdAvali aura usakA artha abhiprAya : DaoN0 Aditya pracaMDiyA | 167 www.ja
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________________ sAdhvIratnapuSvatI abhinandana grantha (ka) bhAvasaMvara-jo cetana pariNAma karma ke Asrava ko rokane meM kAraNa haiM, use nizcaya se bhAvasaMvara kahate haiN| (kha) dravyasaMvara-jo dravyAsrava ko rokane meM kAraNa ho, use dravyasaMvara kahate haiN| samiti-samayanti asyAm iti / sam upasarga iNa dhAtu meM iktana pratyaya karane para 'samiti' zabda banatA hai / loka meM isakA artha 'sabhA' hai aura AdhyAtmika artha meM AtmA meM samyak prakAra se pravRtti honA mAnA gayA hai-6 samyagiti samitiriti / sarvArthasiddhi meM kahA gayA hai-yathA pANi por3A parihArArtha samyagamanaM samiti / isa prakAra jaina darzana meM calane-phirane, bolane-cAlane aura AhAra grahaNa karane meM, vastu ko uThAne-dharane meM aura mala-mUtra ko nikSepa karane meM samyak prakAra se pravRtti karanA athavA prANI pIr3A ke parihAra ke lie samyak prakAra se pravRtti karanA samiti hai / vastutaH cAritra ke anukUla hone vAlI pravRtti ko samiti kahA jAtA hai / isa AdhAra para samiti ke pA~ca bheda kie gae haiN|8 (1) IryA samiti-isa samiti ke antargata kSudra jantu rahita mArga meM bhI sAvadhAnI se gamana karanA hotA hai| zarIra pramANa (yA gAr3I ke jue jitanI) bhUmi ko A~khoM se dekhakara calanA IryA samiti hai| (2) bhASA samiti-isameM sva-parahitakAraka vacana bolanA hotA hai| vastutaH niSpApa bhASA kA prayoga bhASA samiti hai| (3) eSaNA samiti-isameM AhAra binA svAda ke grahaNa karanA hotA hai / nirdoSa AhAra, pAnI Adi vastuoM kA anveSaNa karanA eSaNA samiti hai / eSaNA ke tIna prakAra haiM ka) gaveSaNA-zuddha AhAra kI jA~ca / (kha) grahaNaSaNA-zuddha AhAra kA vidhivat grahaNa / / (ga) paribhogaSaNA-zuddha AhAra kA vidhivat paribhoga / (4) AdAna nikSepaNa samiti-jJAna ke upakaraNa, saMyama tathA zauca ke upakaraNa yatnapUrvaka uThAnA-rakhanA / vastu, pAtra Adi ko sAvadhAnI se lenA-rakhanA AdAna nikSepa samiti hai| (5) pratiSThApanA samiti-ekAnta sthAna, chidra rahita sthAna meM mutra viSTA tyAga karanA pratiSThApana samiti kahate haiM / mala-mUtra Adi kA vidhipUrvaka visarjana karanA pratiSThApanA samiti hai| ise utsarga samiti saMjJA se bhI abhihita karate haiM / sallekhanA-sallekhanaM-sallekhanA / samyak prakAreNa nirIkSaNaM / 'likha' dhAtu meM lyuTa pratyaya karane para 'lekhanA' zabda niSpanna huaa| isa zabda meM 'sam' upasarga lagAne para 'sallekhanA' zabda niSpanna haA jisakA artha hai bhale prakAra se lekhanA arthAt kRza karanA / jinavANI meM bhalI prakAra se kAya tathA kaSAya kA lekhana karanA arthAt kRza karanA sallekhanA kahA gayA hai| vastutaH mAraNAntika tapasyA kA nAma ! sallekhanA hai / antima ArAdhanA ko svIkAra karane vAlA zrAvaka anazana karane ke lie usase pUrva vividha prakAra kI tapasyAoM ke dvArA zarIra ko kRza karatA hai / anazana ke yogya banAtA hai, usa tapasyA-vidhi kA nAma mAraNAntikI sallekhanA hai| 168 | caturtha khaNDa : jaina darzana, itihAsa aura sAhitya TOT. .... www.jainelib
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________________ sAdhvIratna puSpavatI abhinandana grantha sallekhanA " do prakAra kI hai (ka) bhAva sallekhanA - kaSAyoM ko bhalI prakAra se kRza karanA / (kha) dravya sallekhanA - bhAva sallekhanA ke lie kAya- klezarUpa anuSThAna karanA / sallekhanA yogIgata hai jaba ki Atma-hatyA bhogIgata / yogI to apane pratyeka jIvana meM zarIra ko sevaka banAkara anta samaya meM sallekhanA dvArA usakA tyAga karatA huA prakAza kI ora calA jAtA hai| aura bhogI arthAt Atma-hatyArA apane pratyeka jIvana meM usakA dAsa banakara andhakAra kI ora calA jAtA hai / sandarbha grantha sUco : 1. apabhraMza vAGmaya meM vyavahRta pAribhASika zabdAvali, Aditya pracaNDiyA 'dIti', mahAvIra prakAzana, alIgaMja, eTA, ( u0 pra0), san 1977, pRSTha 11 2. jaina hindI pUjA kAvya meM vyavahRta pAribhASika zabdAvali, Aditya pracaNDiyA 'dIni', saptasindhu, agasta 1978, pRSTha 29 / 3. jaina kaviyoM ke hindI kAvya kA zAstrIya mUlyAMkana, DaoN0 mahendra sAgara pracaNDiyA, DI0 li0 kA zodha prabandha, san 1974, pRSTha 3 / 4. apabhraMza bhASA kA pAribhASika koza, DaoN0 Aditya pravaNDiyA 'dIti', jaina zodha akAdamI, san 1981, pRSTha 2 | 5. bRhat hindI koza, sampAdaka kAlikAprasAda Adi, jJAnamaNDala limiTeDa, vArANasI, pRSTha 1312 / 6. apabhraMza vAGamaya meM vyavahRta pAribhASika zabdAvali, Aditya pracaNDiyA 'dIti', parAmarza (hindI), varSa 5, aMka 4 sitambara, 1984, puNe vizvavidyAlaya prakAzana, pRSTha 322 | 7. suptiGttamapadam / -aSTAdhyAyI, AcArya pANini, 1, 4, 14 8. pAribhASika zabda, DaoN0 raghuvIra, saMgrahIta grantha --- pAribhASika zabdAvali kucha samasyAe~ sampA0 DaoN0 bholAnAtha tivArI, prathama saMskaraNa 1973, zabdakAra 2203 galI DakotAna, turakamAnageTa, dillI-6, pRSTha 9 / 9. pAribhASika zabdAvali aura anuvAda, zrI mahendra caturvedI, saMgrahIta graMtha - pAribhASika zabdAvali kucha samasyAe~, pRSTha 6 / 10. Story of Language, Page 271. 11. Foreword to the Comprehensive English-Hindi Dictionary by Dr. Raghuvira. 12. hindI zabda racanA, mAIdayAla jaina, pRSTha 206 | 13. saMskRta zabdArtha kaustubha, pRSTha 8941 14. (i) bRhad jaina zabdArNava, bhAga 2, mAsTara bihArIlAla, pRSTha 629 (ii) tattvArthasUtra, umAsvAti, 7/21 (iii) jaina hindI pUjAkAvya paramparA aura AlocanA, DaoN0 Aditya pracaNDiyA 'dIti', jainazodha akAdamI alIgar3ha, pRSTha 365 ArSa granthoM meM vyavahRta pAribhASika zabdAvali aura usakA artha abhiprAya : DaoN0 Aditya pracaMDiyA | 166 www.
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________________ mamamamamamamamamamamaR R EP sAdhvIratna puSpavatI abhinandana grantha 15. puruSArtha siddhopAya, amRtacandrAcArya, zrImad rAyacandra jaina zAstramAlA, AgAsa, zlokAMka 40, pRSThAMka 28 / 16. bhagavatI ArAdhanA, sakhArAmadozI, zolApura, gAthAMka 116, pRSThAMka 277 / 17. jaina AcAra : siddhAnta aura svarUpa, devendramuni zAstrI, pRSTha 293 / 18. bahad dravya saMgraha, nemicandrAcArya, zrImad rAyacandra jainazAstramAlA, AgAsa, paMkti saM07, pRSThAMka 1651 19. mokSamArga prakAzaka, AcAryakalpa paM0 ToDaramala, adhikAra saMkhyA 8, pRSThAMka 268 / 0. (ka) bahad dravya sagraha, pRSTha 165, paMkti saMkhyA 1 se 6 taka / (kha) ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra, svAmI samantabhadra, pRSTha 135 se 137 taka / 21. jaina hindI pUjAkAvya paramparA aura AlocanA, DaoN. Aditya pracaNDiyA 'dIti', pRSTha 2 se 3 taka / 22. sarvArthasiddhi, 6/15/333/9 / 23. dhavalA pustaka, 13/5,4,22/46/12 / 24. rAjavAttika, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, vi0 saM0 2008, 6/15/2/525/251 jaina hindI pUjAkAvya paramparA aura AlocanA, DaoN0 Aditya pracaNDiyA 'dIti', pRSTha 369 / tattvArtha sUtra sArtha, umAsvAmi, zrI akhila vizva jaina mizana, alIgaMja, eTA, sana 1957, pRSThAMka 3, adhyAya saMkhyA 1, sUtrAMka 41 27. tattvArthasUtra, pRSThAMka 76, adhyAya saMkhyA 6, sUtrAMka 1-2 / 28. rAjavAttika 1/4/9,16/26 / 29. bRhad dravya saMgraha, pRSTha 77, zlokAMka 291 30. paMcAstikAya, 91 31. paramAtmaprakAza, AcArya yogIndradeva, pRSTha 56, dohAMka 57 / 32. jaina hindI pUjAkAvya paramparA aura AlocanA, pRSTha 3751 33. bRhad dravya saMgraha, pRSTha 44, zlokAMka 15 / 34. jaina hindI pUjA kAvya paramparA aura AlocanA, pRSTha 57 / 35. bhagavatI ArAdhanA, mUla, 1847/1656 36. bArasa aNuvekkhA 66 / 37. sarvArthasiddhi, 8/23/399/91 38. dhavalA 1/1, 1/4/149/6 / 39. paMcasaMgraha prAkRta, 1/142-1431 40. sarvArthasiddhi 2/6/159/10 / 41. gommaTasAra, jIvakANDa, nemicandrAcArya, 704/1141/51 42. jaina hindI pUjAkAvya paramparA aura AlocanA, pRSTha 381 / 43. tattvArthasUtra, adhyAya 9, sUtrAMka 1 / / 44. bhagavatI ArAdhanA 38/134/16 / 45. bRhad dravya saMgraha, pRSThAMka 84, gAthAMka 34 / 46. rAjavAttika, 9/5/2/593/34 / 47. sarvArthasiddhi 2/409, devasenAcArya, pRSTha 7 / 48. puruSArtha siddhopAya, amRtacandrAcArya, pRSThAMka 87, zlokAMka 203 / 49. jaina hindI pUjA kAvya paramparA aura AlocanA, pRSTha 49-50 / 50. (ka) sarvArthasiddhi 7/22/363/11 (kha) jainadharma, ratanalAla jaina, pRSTha 92 / (ka) bhagavatI ArAdhanA, 206/423 / (kha) Abhyantara sallekhanA evaM bAhya saMllekhanA |-apbhrNsh vADa:maya meM vyavahRta pAribhASika zabdAvali, pRSTha 91 52. zrI ballabha zatAbdI smArikA, pRSTha 178 / FOR 170 | caturtha khaNDa : jaina darzana, itihAsa aura sAhitya www.jainelibrary