Agam Sahitya ka Paryalochan

Author(s): Kanhaiyalal Maharaj
Publisher: Z_Hajarimalmuni_Smruti_Granth_012040.pdf
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/210166/1

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Jain Ed muni zrI kanhaiyAlAlajI 'kamala' nyAyatIrthaM Agama sAhitya kA paryAlocana zrAgamasAhitya kA mahattva AgamasAhitya bhAratIya sAhitya kA prANa to hai hI, AdhyAtmika jIvana kI janmabhUmi evaM Arya saMskRti kA mUlyavAn koza bhI hai. vizva ke samasta paMtha, mata yA sampradAyoM ke apane-apane Agama haiM. inameM jainAgama sAhitya atyadhika mahattvapUrNa hai. jarmanI DA0 harmana jekobI, DA0 zubriMga' Adi aneka prasiddha videzI vidvAnoM ne jainAgamoM kA adhyayana karake vizva ko yaha batA diyA ki ahiMsA, anekAnta aparigraha evaM sarvadharmasamanvaya ke citana-manana se paripUrNa evaM AdhyAtmika jIvana se Alo kita Agama yadi vizva meM haiM to kevala jainAgama haiM. -A-upasarga aura gam dhAtu se Agama zabda kI racanA huI hai. A upasarga kA artha 'samantAt' arthAt gati - prApti hai. zrAgamazabda kI vyAkhyApUrNa hai, gam dhAtu kA artha Agama zabda kI vyutpati jisase vastutatva [padArtharahasya] kA pUrNa jJAna ho jJAna ho vaha Agama hai. jisase padArthoM kA maryAdita jJAna ho vaha Agama hai. Agama kahA jAtA hai. upacAra se Apta vacana bhI Agama mAnA jAtA hai. 3 --- vaha Agama hai jisase padArthoM kA dA Aptavacana se utpanna artha [padArtha ] jJAna aMga Agama vItarAgavANI hai jainAgamoM [aMgoM] meM vItarAga bhagavAn kI vANI hai. vItarAgatA kA artha hai rAgarahita AtmadazA. jahAM dveSa vahAM rAga hai jahAM rAga nahIM vahAM dveSa bhI nahIM. kyoMki rAga aura dveSa avinAbhAvI haiM. kiMtu inakI vyApti agni aura dhUma kI taraha kI vyApti hai. ataH jahAM rAga hai vahAM dveSa hotA hI hai. jahAM rAga ho vahAM dveSa kabhI nahIM bhI hotA hai, isalie sarvatra 'vItarAga' zabda kA hI prayoga huA hai. vItadveSa zabda kA nahIM. sarAga dazA rAgadveSa se yukta AtmadazA hai, mAyApUrvaka mRSA bhASaNa isa dazA meM hI hotA hai, isalie sarAgadazA kA kathana sarvathA prAmANika nahIM hotA. jainAgamoM kI prAmANikatA kA mUlAdhAra yahI hai. yadyapi aMga AgamoM kA adhikAMza bhAga naSTa ho gayA hai aura jo hai usameM katipaya aMza pUrti rUpa haiM, paribadhita haiM, phira bhI usameM vItarAgavANI surakSita hai. jo pUrti rUpa hai, parivardhita haiM vaha bhI vItarAga vANI se viparIta nahIM hai. 1. AsamantAd gamyate vastutattvamanenetyAgamaH. 2. Agamyante maryAdayA'vayuddha yante'rthAH anenetyAgamaH. 3. A abhividhinA sakala zrutavipayavyAptirUpeNa, maryAdayA vA yathAvasthitaprarUpaNArUpayA gamyante - paricchidyante zrarthAH yena sa AgamaH 4. AptavacanAdAvibhU tamarthasaMvedanamAgamaH upacArAdApta vacanaM ca. or Srivate & Personal velibrary.org

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810 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : caturtha adhyAya AgamoM kI bhASA jainAgamoM kI bhASA ardhamAgadhI ke sambandha meM do vikalpa prasiddha haiMardha mAgadhyAH-arthAt jisakA ardhAMza mAgadhI kA ho vaha ardhamAgadhI kahalAtI hai, jisa bhASA meM Adhe zabda magadha ke aura Adhe zabda aThAraha dezI bhASAoM ke mizrita hoM. ardha magadhasya-arthAt-magadha ke Adhe pradeza kI bhASA. vartamAna meM upalabdha sabhI AgamoM kI bhASA ardhamAgadhI hai, yaha zramaNaparamparA kI parAmparAgata dhAraNA hai, kiMtu Adhunika bhASAvijJAna kI dRSTi se AgamoM kI bhASA ke sambandha meM anveSaNa Avazyaka hai. bhASA kI dRSTi se anveSaNIya AgamAMza:-[1] AcArAMga prathama zrutaskaMdha aura sabhI zeSa AgamoM kI bhASA. [2] praznavyAkaraNa aura jJAtAdharma kathA. [3] rAyapaseNiya kA sUryAbhavarNana. [4] jIvAbhigama kA vijayadevavarNana [5] uttarAdhyayana aura sUtrakRtAMga kA padyavibhAga. [6] AcArAMga dvitIya zrutaskaMdha aura chedasUtroM kI bhASA. AgamoM kI ardhamAgadhI bhASA hI AryabhASA hai prajJApanA ke anusAra jo ardhamAgadhI bhASA bolatA hai vaha bhASA-Arya hai arthAt kevala bhASA kI dRSTi se Arya hai. mleccha hote hue bhI jo ardhamAgadhI bolatA hai vaha bhASA-Arya hai. jisa prakAra eka bhAratIya aMgrejI khUba acchI taraha bola letA hai vaha janmajAta bhAratIya hote hue bhI bhASA-aMgreja hai. aura jo aMgreja hindI acchI taraha bola letA hai vaha janmajAta aMgreja hote huye bhI bhASA-bhAratIya hai. prajJApanA ke kathana kA yaha abhiprAya ho jAtA hai ki AryoM kI bhASA ardhamAgadhI bhASA hI hai. Aryadeza sAr3e paccIsa haiM. unameM Arya adhika haiM. ve yadi ardhamAgadhIbhASA boleM athavA [vartamAna-aMgrejI bhASA kI taraha] ardhadezoM meM ardhamAgadhI bhASA kA sarvatra vyApaka pracAra va prasAra rahA ho aura vahI rAjabhASA rahI ho to prajJApanA ke isa kathana kI saMgati ho sakatI hai. kyA sabhI tIrthakara ardhamAgadhI bhASA meM hI dezanA dete the ? bhagavAn mahAvIra magadha ke jisa pradeza meM paidA huye aura bar3e huye usa pradeza kI bhASA' [ardhamAgadhI] meM bhagavAn ne upadeza diyA kiMtu zeSa tIrthaMkara bhArata ke vibhinna bhAgoM ke the, ve saba hI apane prAnta kI bhASA meM upadeza na karake kevala ardhamAgadhI bhASA meM hI pravacana karate the; yaha mAnanA kahA~ taka tarkasaMgata hai, yaha vicAraNIya hai. bhagavAna RSabhadeva se bhagavAn mahAvIra taka [42 hajAra varSa kama kor3Akor3I sAgaropama] kI isa lambI avadhi meM magadhI bhASA meM koI parivartana huA yA nahIM ? jaba ki bhagavAna mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke kAla ke pazcAt kevala 2400 varSa kI avadhi meM magadha kI bhASA meM kitanA maulika parivartana ho gayA hai ? prAgamoM ke prati agAdha zraddhA AgamasAhitya aisA sAhitya hai jisa para mAnava kI aTala evaM avicala zraddhA cira kAla se rahI hai, aura rahegI. mAnava 1. savvabhAsAgugAmiNIe sarassaie joyaNa NIhAriNA sareNaM,addhamAgahAe bhAsAe dhamma parikahei. tesiM samvesi pAriya maNAriyANaM agilAe dhammamAikkhai, sA'vi ya NaM addhamAgahA bhAsA, tesiM sabvesiM zrAriyamaNAriyANaM appaNo sabhAsAe pariNAmeNaM pariNamai. -aupapAtika, sabhI bhASAoM meM pariNata hone vAlI sarakhatI ke dvArA eka yojana taka pahuMcane vAle svara se, artha mAgadhI bhASA meM dharma ko pUrNa rUpa se kahA, una sabhI Arya-anAryoM ko aglAni se (tIrthakara nAnakarma ke udaya se anAyAsa-vinA thakAvaTa ke) dharma kahA. vaha ardhamAgadhI bhASA bhI una sabhI Aryo-anAryoM kI apanI apanI svabhASA meM parivartita ho jAtI thI. RON .00 Edulllllllll lllllllllllllH H HHHH iiiIIII Library.org

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muni kanhaiyAlAla 'kamala' : Agama sAhitya kA paryAlocana: 811 kI isa zraddhA kA kendrabiMdu hai AgamoM kI prAmANikatA. ataeva jaina aura jainetara dArzanikoM ne Agama ko sarvopari pramANa mAnA hai. vibhinna paramparAoM meM Agama vaidika paramparA vedoM ko Agama mAnatI hai. veda zabda kA artha jJAna hai, jJAna svayaM prakAzamAna hai, jJAna kI sattA akhaNDa hai, ataeva jJAna kA nirmANa kisI puruSavizeSa ke dvArA nahIM ho sakatA. Izvara bhI jJAna kA kartA nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki vaha to svayaM jJAnasvarUpa hai. abhiprAya yaha hai ki jJAna sAdhana hai, sAdhya nahIM apitu svayaM siddha hai. isalie veda apauruSeya haiM. jaina dArzanikoM ne vedoM kI apauruSeyatA aura nityatA kA niSedha kiyA hai vaha usake zAbdika rUpa ko lekara hI samajhanA cAhie. zabdaracanA koI anAdi nahIM ho sakatI hai. jaina AgamoM ke samAna vedoM ke kucha pramukha viSayavibhAga haiM, jinheM jaina bhASA meM anuyoga vibhAga kahA jA sakatA hai, yathA -Rgveda jJAnakANDa, yajurveda karmakANDa, sAmaveda-upAsanAkANDa aura atharvaveda vijJAnakANDa hai. 'aMgAni caturo vedA' 'cAroM veda aMga haiM. inake upAMga zatapatha brAhmaNa Adi brAhmaNa graMtha haiM. jainAgamoM ke samAna vaidika paramparA meM bhI aMgopAMga mAne gaye haiM. bhagavatI zataka 2 uddezaka 1 meM skaMdaka parivrAjaka ke varNana meM likhA hai ki 'caunheM vedANaM saMgo gANaM, skaMdaka parivrAjaka sAMgopAMga cAroM vedoM kA jJAtA thA. aMga upAMga meM sAhitya ko vibhAjita karane kI paddhati itanI purAnI hai ki usakA itihAsa prastuta nahIM kiyA jA sakatA. zrutapuruSa kI taraha vedapuruSa kI kalpanA bhI ati prAcIna hai. yathA chandaH pAdau tu vedasya haratI kalpo'tha paThyate / jyotiSAmayanaM catuH, niruktaM zrotramucyate / zikSA ghrANaM ca vedasya, mukhaM vyAkaraNaM smRtam / mAMgI mahIyate / - pANinIya zikSA bauddha paramparA tripiTakoM ko Agama mAnatI hai. piTaka peTI ko kahate haiM. tIna piTaka arthAt tIna peTiyAM. vinayapiTaka [AcArazAstra]], suttapiTaka [buddha ke upadeza aura abhidhammapiTaka (tatvajJAna] piTaka sAhitya vizAla sAhitya hai. bihAra rAjya ke pAlI prakAzanamaNDala ne devanAgarI lipi meM tInoM piTakoM kA 40 jildoM meM prakAzana kiyA hai. aMtima buddha gautama buddha ne aura unake pUrvavartI aneka buddhoM ne jo kahA hai usI kA ina piTakoM meM saMkalana hai. buddha ne kapilavastu nAma kA nagara buddha kI janmabhUmi hai. usa yuga meM vahAM kI janabhASA pAlI rahI hogI. usa bhASA meM upadeza diyA aura tripiTakoM kI racanA bhI usI bhASA meM huI hai. jainaparamparA ke Agama dvAdazAMga gaNipiTaka [AcArya ko jJAnamaMjuSA ] haiM. yaha gaNipiTaka dhruva, nitya evaM zAzvata hai. isakI nityatA zabdoM kI apekSA se nahIM apitu artha [bhAva ] kI apekSA se hai aura vaha bhI mahAvideza kSetra kI apekSA se hai. jo nitya hotA hai vaha apauruSeya hai. zAzvata satya kabhI pauruSeya nahIM hotA hai. punaH tIrthaMkara hote haiM aura usa tirohita tathya ko vyakta karate haiM. yaha krama anAdi kAla se cala rahA hai evaM anantakAla taka calatA rahegA. 2 AgamoM kI adhikatama saMkhyA bhagavAn RSabhadeva ke samaya meM aMgopAMgAdi ke atirikta caurAsI hajAra prakIrNaka the. bhagavAn ajitanAtha se bhagavAn pArzvanAtha paryanta pratyeka tIrthaMkara ke samaya meM saMkhyeya hajAra prakIrNaka the. bhagavAn mahAvIra ke samaya meM 14 hajAra prakIrNaka the. *** zrI devadhigaNI kSamAzramaNa ke samaya meM AgamoM kI adhikatara saMkhyA 84 raha gaI thI, vartamAna meM kevala 45 Agama upalabdha haiM, zeSa sabhI Agama vilupta ho gaye haiM. nandI sUtra meM 84 AgamoM ke nAma isa prakAra hai : *** " *** www.jairtelibrary.org !!!

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812 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : caturtha adhyAya dvAdazAMgoM ke nAma 1. AcArAMga, 2. sUtrakRtAMga, 3. sthAnAMga, 4. samavAyAMga, 5. bhagavatIsUtra,' 6. jJAtAdharmakathA, 7. upAsakadazA 8. aMtakRtdazA, 6. aNuttaropapAtika dazA, 10. prazna vyAkaraNa, 11. vipAka zruta, 12. dRSTivAda' (vilupta hai). dvAdaza upAMgoM ke nAma [1] aupapAtika, [2] rAjapraznIya, [3] jIvAbhigama, [4] prajJApanA, [5] sUrya prajJapti, [6] candra prajJapti, [7] jambUdvIpa prajJapti, [4] (nirayAvalikA) kalpikA, [6] kalpAvataMsikA, [10] puSpikA, [11] puSpa cUlikA, [12] dRSNi dazA. pA~ca mUla sUtroM ke nAma [1] dazavakAlika, [2] uttarAdhyayana, [3] nandIsUtra, [4] anuyoga dvAra sUtra, [5] Avazyaka sUtra. chaha cheda sUtroM ke nAma [1] bRhatkalpa, [2] vyavahAra, [3] dazAzruta skaMdha, [4] nizItha, [5] mahAnizItha, [6] paMcakalpa. prakIrNakoM ke nAma [1] catuHzaraNa, [2] Atura pratyAkhyAna, [3] bhakta parijJA, [4] saMstAraka, [5] taMdula vaicArika, [6] caMdravaMdhyaka [7] devendrastava, [8] gaNividyA, [6] mahA pratyAkhyAna, [10] vIrastava, [11] ajIvakalpa, [12] gacchAcAra [13] maraNasamAdhi, [14] siddha prAbhRta, [15[ tIrthodgAra, [16] ArAdhanApatAkA, [17] dvIpasAgara prajJapti, [18] jyotiSa karaMDaka, [16] aMgavidyA, [20] tithi prakIrNaka, [21] piMDa niyukti, [22] sArAvalI, [23] paryantArAdhanA, [24] jIvavibhakti, [25] kavaca, [26] yoni prAbhRta, [27] aMgacUlikA, [28] baMga cUlikA, [26[ vRddhacatu:zaraNa, [30] jambUpayannA. niyuktiyoM ke nAma 1 Avazyaka, 2 dazavakAlika, 3 uttarAdhyayana, 4 AcArAMga, 5 sUtrakRtAMga, 6 bRhatkalpa, 7vyavahAra, 8 dazAzrutaskaMdha, 6 kalpasUtra, 10 piNDa, 11 ogha 12 saMsakta.5 zeSa sUtroM ke nAma 1 kalpasUtra, 2 yati-jIta kalpa, 3 zrAddha-jIta kalpa' 4 pAkSika sUtra, 5 khAmaNA sUtra, 6 vaMdittu sUtra, 7 RSibhASita sUtra. vargIkaraNa-nandIsUtra meM 84 AgamoM kA vargIkaraNa isa prakAra hai : kAlika 37, utkAlika 26, aMga 12, dazA 5, Avazyaka 1. vartamAna meM upalabdha 45 AgamoM ke nAma : 1. samavAyAMga-nandI sUtra meM bhagavatI sUtra kA 'viyAha' nAma diyA hai. viyAha kA saMskRta 'vyAkhyA' hotA hai, aneka AgamoM meM 'jahA paNNattIe' se bhagavato sUtra kA 'pannatti' yaha saMkSipta nAma sUcita kiyA hai. bhagavatI sUtra kA vAstavika nAma 'viyAhapaeNatti' hai. TIkAkAra isakA saMskRta nAma 'vyAsyAprapti' dete haiM. 'bhagavatI sUtra' yaha nAma kevala mahattA (pUjyatA) sUcaka hai, vAstavika nahIM; kintu janasAdhAraNa meM yahI nAma adhika prasiddha hai. 2. vartamAna meM dRSTivAda ke vilupta hone para usake sthAna meM vizeSAvazyaka bhASya kA nAma milAkara 84 saMkhyA kI pUrti kara lI gaI hai. 3. nandIsUtra aura anuyogadvAra sUtra ko cUlikA sUtra bhI kahate haiM. 4. chaThA cheda sUtra 'paMcakalpa' isa samaya vilupta hai. 5. sUryaprApti-niyukti aura RSibhASita niyukti vartamAna meM upalabdha nahIM hai. NAAD ININENENINEERINEETITINENEFINENavaad For Private Personal use only www.jamiiforary.org

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muni kanhaiyAlAla 'kamala' : Agama sAhitya kA paryAlocana : 813 aMga 11, upAMga 12, mUla 4, cheda sUtra 6, prakIrNaka 10, cUlikA sUtra 2. digambara paramparA ke AcArya vartamAna meM ukta 84 AgamoM ko vilupta mAnate haiM. zvetAmbara paramparA ke AcArya upalabdha 45 AgamoM ke atirikta zeSa AgamoM ko vilupta mAnate haiM. sthAnakavAsI aura terahapaMthI paramparA ke AcArya kevala 32 AgamoM ko hI prAmANika mAnate haiM. inakA mAnA huA krama isa prakAra hai: 11 aMga, 12 upAMga, 4 mUla sUtra, 4 chedasUtra. 1 Avazyaka yoga 32. dvAdazAMgoM ke pada sUtra ke jitane aMza se artha kA bodha hotA hai utanA aMza eka pada hotA hai.' yahAM dvAdazAMgoM ke padoM kI saMkhyA samavAyAMga aura nandI sUtra ke anusAra uddhRta kI gaI hai. zAstra kA nAma padaparimANa 1. AcArAMga 18 hajAra 2. sUtrakRtAMga 3. sthAnAMga 72 hajAra 4. samavAyAMga 1 lAkha 44 hajAra 5. bhagavatIsUtra 2 lAkha 88 hajAra 6. jJAtAdharmakathA 5 lAkha 76 hajAra 7. upAsakadazA 11 lAkha 52 hajAra 8. antakRddazA 23 lAkha 44 hajAra 6. anuttaropapAtika 46 lAkha 8 hajAra 10. praznavyAkaraNa 62 lAkha 16 hajAra 11. vipAkazruta 1 karor3e 84 lAkha 32 hajAra 12. dRSTivAda 1. yatrA'rthopalabdhistatpadam-nandI0 TokA 2. samavAyAMga aura nando sUtra ke anusAra AcArAMga ke donoM zrutaskandhoM ke 18 hajAra pada haiM. kintu AcArAMga niyukti meM kevala / adhyayanoM ke hI 18 hajAra pada mAne haiM. piMDaiSaNA, saptasaptatikA bhAvanA evaM niyukti, ina cAra cUlikAoM ke pada milAne se padoM kI saMkhyA bahu (adhika) hotI hai, aura nizItha cUlikA ke pada milAne se bahutara (atyadhika) saMkhyA hotI hai. 3. pUrva aMgoM se uttara uttara aMgoM meM dugune pada hote haiM-'padaparimANaM ca pUrvasmAt aMgAt uttarasmin uttarasmin aMge dviguNamavaseyam nandI TIkA. sUtrakRtAMganiyukti meM bhI aisA hI ullekha hai. 4. samavAyAMga ke anusAra bhagavatI sUtra ke kevala 18 hajAra pada hI haiM. bhagavatI sUtra meM bhI itane hI pada likhe haiM. yathA-gA. culasIya sayasaharasA, payANa pavaravaraNAgadasIhiM, bhAvAbhAvamaNaMttA pannatA etthamaMgaMmi. saMbhava hai naMdI sUtra meM vistRta yAcanA ke padoM kI saMkhyA kA ullekha huA hogA. 5. jJAtA dharmakathA ke 5 lAkha 86 hajAra pada haiM, kintu samavAyAMga aura nandI sUtra meM saMkhyeya hajAra padoM kA hI ullekha hai. 6. upAsakadazA ke padoM kA parimANa dekhate hue aisA anumAna hotA hai ki itanA bar3A upAsakadazA sUtra bha0 mahAvIra ke pahile kabhI rahA hogA, kyoMki nandI aura samavAyAMga ke anusAra bha0 mahAvIra ke daza pramukha zrAvakoM kA varNana to vidyamAna upAsaka dazA meM hai, phira kauna se anya zrAvakoM kA varNana isameM thA--jinake varNana meM itane padoM kA yaha vizAla Agama bha0 mahAvIra ke kAla meM rahA ? 7. vipAkata ke 1 karoDa 84 lAkha 32 hajAra pada haiM kintu samavAyAMga aura nandI sUtra meM saMkhyeya lAkha padoM kA hI ullekha hai. 8. dRSTivAda (14 pUrvo) ke karor3oM pada haiM kintu samavAyAMga aura nando sUtra meM saMkhyeya hajAra padoM kA ho ullekha hai. yathA-saMkhejjAI payasahassAI payaggeNaM-sama-nandI0 mUla. KARTRIAN EME dan NaaNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

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www www. 814 muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : caturtha adhyAya caudaha pUrvo ke nAma 1. utpAda pUrva 2. agraNIya, 3. vIryaM 17 4. astinAstipravAda pUrva 5. jJAnapravAda pUrva 6. satyapravAda 7. AtmapravAda 8. karmapravAda 6. pratyAkhyAnapravAda pUrva 11 10. vidyAnupravAda 11. avadhya 12. prANAyu 13. kriyAvizAla 14. lokabindusAra 13 33 Jain Education temational padaparimANa 1 karor3a 66 lAkha 70 lAkha 60 lAkha 66 lAkha 66 hajAra 666 1 karor3a 6 26 karor3a 1 karor3a 80 hajAra 84 lAkha 1 karoDa 10 lAkha 26 karor3a 1 karoDa 56 lAkha 9 karor3a 123 karoDa zeSa AgamoM (upAMga, cheda, mUla, aura prakIrNakoM) ke padoM kI saMkhyA kA ullekha kisI Agama meM nahIM milatA. jambUdvIpaprajJapti ke pada' 305000 the. candraprajJapti ke pada 550000 the. sUryaprajJapti ke pada 350000 the. naMdIsUtra kI cUrNi meM dvAdazAMga zruta ko puruSa rUpa meM citrita kiyA hai. jisa prakAra puruSa ke hAtha paira Adi pramukha aMga hote haiM, usI prakAra puruSa ke rUpa meM zruta ke aMgoM kI kalpanA pUrvAcAryoM ne prastuta kI hai AcArAMga aura sUtrakRtAMga zruta-puruSa ke do paira sthAnAMga aura samavAyAMga piMDaliyA~ bhagavatI sUtra aura jJAtAdharmakathA do ja~ghAyeM haiM upAsakadazA pRSTha bhAga aMtakRddazA dazA agrabhAga ( udara Adi ) anuttaropapAtika aura praznavyAkaraNa do hAtha vipAkazruta grIvA aura dRSTivAda mastaka hai (dekhie citra ) dvAdaza upAMgoM kI racanA ke pazcAt zruta-puruSa ke pratyeka aMga ke sAtha eka-eka upAMgakI kalpanA bhI pracalita 1. kevala ina tIna upAGgoM ke padoM kA ullekha sva0 AcArya zrIamolaka RSijI mahArAja ne jaina tattva prakAza (saMskaraNa meM) meM kiyA hai kintu candraprapti aura sUryaprajJapti ke padoM meM itanA antara kyoM hai ? anuttaropapAtika daza kalapAvasA For Privs Use On 12 dRSTi bAda 12 kRSNi dazA 11 puSpa cUlikA 8 nirayAbalikA kalpikA 8] antakRt dazA 7 candra prajJapti upAsakadazA 17 pR.bhA. 5 bhagavatI sUtra pUjabUdIpa prajJapti 11 3 jIvAbha 3 sthAnAGa 1 AcArA 1 aupapAtika 6 sUrya prajJapti 6 jJAtA dharmakathA 4 samavAyAGga 4 prajJApanA 2 sUtrakRtAGga 2 rAya praznIya 10 puSpikA 10 prazna vyAkaraNa www.jalnelibrary.org

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muni kanhaiyAlAla 'kamala' : zrAgama sAhitya kA paryAlocana: 815 hogaI. yahA~ pahale aMga kA aura usake sAmane usake upAMga kA ullekha kiyA jAtA hai 1 AcArAMga 2 sUtrakRtA~ga aupapAtika sUtra rAjapraznIya 3 sthAnAMga jIvAbhigama 4 samavayAMga 5 bhagavatI sUtra 6 jJAtAdharmakathA 7 upAsakadazA aMtakRddazA anuttaropapAtikadazA 10 prazna vyAkaraNa 11 vipAkazruta 12 dRSTivAda prajJApanA jaMbUdvIpa prajJapti sUryaprati candra prajJati nirayAvalikA kalpikA kalpAvataMsikA puSpikA puSpacUlikA vRSNidazA zruta-puruSa kI kalpanA eka ati sundara kalpanA hai. prAcIna bhaNDAroM meM zrutapuruSa ke hastalikhita kalpanAcitra aneka upalabdha hote haiM. mAnava zarIra ke aMga- upAMgoM kI saMkhyA ke sambandha meM AcAryoM ke aneka mata haiM, kintu yahA~ zrutapuruSa ke bAraha aMga aura bAraha upAMga hI mAne gaye haiM : sthAnAMga aura samavAyAMga Agama puruSa kI do jAMgheM (piNDaliyAM ) haiM. jIvAbhigama aura prajJApanA ye donoM inake upAMga haiM. kintu jA~ghoM ke upAMga puruSa kI AkRti meM kauna se haiM ? isI prakAra urU, udara, pRSTha aura grIvA ke upAMga kauna se haiM ? kyoMki zarIrazAstra meM pairoM kI aMguliyoM pairoM ke upAMga hai isI prakAra hAthoM ke upAMga hAthoM kI aMguliyA~, mastaka ke upAMga A~kha, kAna, nAka, aura muMha haiM. yadi inake atirikta aura bhI upAMga hote haiM to unakA nirdeza karake Agama puruSa ke upAMgoM ke sAtha tulanA kI jAnI cAhie. aMgoM meM kahe hue arthoM kA spaSTa bodha karAne vAle upAMga sUtra haiM. prAcIna AcAryoM ke isa mantavya se katipaya aMgoM ke upAMgoM kI saMgati kisa prakAra ho sakatI hai ? yathA-- jJAtAdharmakathA kA upAMga sUrya prajJapti aura upAsakadazA kA upAMga candraprajJapti mAnA gayA hai. inameM kyA saMgati hai ? V www "nirAvaliyAo" kA zabdArtha hai- narakagAmI jIvoM kI AvalI arthAt zreNI isa artha ke anusAra eka "kappiyA" nAmaka upAMga hai. nirayAvaliyAo meM mAnanA ucita hai. zreNika rAjA ke kAla sukAla Adi daza rAjakumAroM kA varNana isa upAMga meM hai. ye daza rAjakumAra yuddha meM marakara naraka meM gaye the. kappiyA nAma kI arthasaMgati isa ikAra hai kalpa arthAt AcAra- sAvadyAcAra aura niravadyAcAra, ye AcAra ke pramukha do bheda haiM, isa upAMga meM sAvadyAcAra ke phala kA kathana hai isalie kappiyA nAma sArthaka hai. kintu isa prakAra kI gaI arthasaMgati ko Adhunika vidvAn kevala kaSTa - kalpanA hI mAnate haiM. ve kahate haiM-kalpa arthAt deva vimAna aura kalpoM meM utpanna hone vAloM kA varNana jisameM hai vaha upAMga kalpikA hai. sambhava hai vaha upAMga vilupta ho gayA hai. 1. bhagavatI sUtra kA upAMga sUryaprajJapti aura jJAtAdharmakathA kA upAMga jaMbUdvIpa prajJapti hai. 2. "aMgArtha spaSTabodhavidhAyakAni upAMgAni" aupa0 TIkA. zrI. pa - gopAsamAcArI wwwwwww www.jaxbrary.org

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Jain Ed 816 : muni zrI hajArImala smRti grantha : caturtha adhyAya kramAMka 1 aMgasUtroM ke nAma AcArAMga sUtrakRtAGga sthAnAMga samavAyAMga bhagavatI jJAtAdharmakathA * ekAdazAGgoM kA uddezana kAla' uddezana kAla "" 85 33 21 1 65 ** 26 11 33 33 "" kramAMka 7 8 e 10 11 aMgasUtroM ke nAma upAsaka dazA antakRddazA anutaropapAtikadazA praznavyAkaraNa vipAkazruta uddezana kAla "7 10 10 ' 6 upAMga, chedasUtra, mUlasUtra Adi AgamoM ke uddezanakAloM kA kahIM ullekha nahIM milatA hai ataH isakA adhyayana vAcanAcArya ke samIpa na karake svataH kareM to koI hAni nahIM hai, aisI mAnyatA paramparA se pracalita hai. " 10" 45 " 20 bahuta hone ke lie nirdhArita pAThyakrama kitane varSa ke dIkSAparyAya vAlA zramaNa kisa Agama ke adhyayana kA adhikArI hotA hai, isakI eka niyata maryAdA bata lAI gaI hai. vaha isa prakAra hai *** " 326 dina. tIna varSa ke dIkSAparyAya vAlA AcAra prakalpa ( nizItha sUtra) ke adhyayana kA adhikArI mAnA gayA hai. isI prakAra cAra varSa ke dIkSAparyAya vAlA sUtrakRtAMga ke pA~ca varSa vAlA dazAzrutaskandha, kalpa evaM vyavahAra ke, ATha varSa vAlA sthAnAMga aura samavAyAMga ke, dasa varSa vAlA bhagavatI ke, gyAraha varSavAlA, kSullikAvimAna Adi pAMca AgamoM ke bArahavAlA aruNopapAta Adi pAMca AgamoM ke, teraha varSa vAlA utthAna zrutAdi cAra AgamoM ke, caudahavarSaM vAlA AziviSabhAvanA ke, pandraha varSAvAlA dRSTiviSabhAvanA, solaha varSa vAlA cAraNabhAvanA, sattaraha varSa vAlA mahAsvapna bhAvanA ke aThAraha varSa vAlA tejonisarga ke, unnIsa varSa vAlA dRSTivAda ke aura bIsa varSa ke dIkSAparyAya vAlA sabhI AgamoM ke adhyayana ke yogya hotA hai.' -vyavahAra, uddezyaka 10 upAdhyAya aura prAcArya pada kI yogyatA prApta karane ke lie AgamoM kA nirdhArita pAThyakrama tIna varSa kI dIkSA paryAya vAlA zramaNa yadi pavitra AcaraNa vAlA, zuddha saMyamI, anuzAsana meM kuzala kSamAvAna, bahuzruta *** 1. samavAyAMga aura naMdIsUtra ke anusAra yahA~ gyAraha aMgoM ke uddezana kAla likhe haiM. samavAyAMga meM jJAtAdharmakathA ke uddezana kAla 26 likhe haiM aura naMdIsUtra meM 16 uddezana kAla haiM. 2. samavAyAMga kA eka uddezana kAla hI kyoM hai, yaha vicAraNIya hai. upAsakadazA Adi kaI zrAgama samavAyAMga kI apekSA laghukAya haiM kintu unake uddezana kAla 10 se kama nahIM. 3. samatryAMga aura nandI sUtra meM bhagavatI sUtra ke uddazanakAla nahIM likhe-kintu bhagavatIsUtra kI prazasti meM uddezana kAloM kI eka sUcI hai usake anusAra udde zanakAla likhe haiM. 4. prArambha ke 6 aMgoM ke anta meM uddezanakAloM kA ullekha nahIM hai aura aMtima 5 aMgoM ke anta meM uddezanakAloM kA ullekha hai. 5. praznavyAkaraNa ke 45 uddezanakA samavayAMga aura naMdIsUtra meM likhe gaye haiM. kintu yaha vilupta ho gayA hai. vartamAna meM upalabdha praznavyAkaraNa ke aMta meM 10 uddezana kAla likhe haiM. 6. vIsa varSa ke isa lambe pAThyakrama meM AcArAMga jJAtAdharmakathA upAsakadazA aMtakadazA anuttaropapAtikadazA praznavyAkaraNa vipAkazruta tathA sarva upAMga evaM mUlasUtroM ke adhyayana kA ullekha nahIM hai, kintu AcArAMga niyukti gAthA 10 meM navadIkSita ke lie sarvaprathama AcA rAMga ke adhyayana karane kA ullekha hai tathA dazavaikAlika uttarAdhyayana naMdi Adi AgamoM kA adhyayana bhI navadIkSitoM ko karAne kI paripATI adyAvadhi pracalita hai. ina vibhinna mAnyatAoM kA mUla kyA hai ? yaha anveSaNIya hai. *** www.sinelibrary.org

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Jain muni kanhaiyAlAla 'kamala' : Agama sAhitya kA paryAlocana: 817 ho aura kama se kama AcAra prakalpa ( nizItha ) kA marmajJa ho to vaha upAdhyAya pada ke yogya hotA hai. ' pAMca varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAlA zramaNa yadi ukta AdhyAtmika yogyatA vAlA ho aura kama se kama dazAzrutaskandha, bRhatkalpa aura vyavahAra sUtra kA jJAtA ho to vaha AcArya aura upAdhyAya pada ke yogya hotA hai. ATha varSa ke dIkSA paryAyavAlA zramaNa yadi ukta AdhyAtmika yogyatA vAlA ho aura kama se kama sthAnAMga samavAyAMga kA jJAtA ho to vaha AcArya, upAdhyAya, pravartaka sthavira gaNi aura gaNAvacchedaka pada ke yogya hotA hai. nirdhArita pAThyakrama kA adhyayana karane yogya vaya sAmAnyatayA jisa zramaNa zramaNI ke bagala meM bAla paidA hone lagate haiM, vaha (zramaNa, zramaNI ) AgamoM ke adhyayana yogya vaya vAlA mAnA gayA hai. anuyogoM ke anusAra grAgamoM kA vargIkaraNa karaNAnuyoga, 2. dharmakAnuyoda anuyogoM ke anusAra AgamoM kA cAra vibhAgoM meM vibhAjana kiyA gayA hai. 3. dravyAnuyoga, evaM 4. gaNitAnuyoga yaha vibhAjana isa prakAra haicaraNakaraNAnuyoga -- dazavaikAlika, bRhatkalpa, vyavahAra, nizItha, Avazyaka, praznavyAkaraNa, causaraNapayannA, Atura pratyAkhyAna, mahApratyAkhyAna bhaktaparijJA, saMstAraka, gacchAcAra, maraNasamAdhi, candrAvedhyaka, paryaMtArAdhanA, piMDa vizodhidharmakathAnuyoga jJAtAdharmakathA, upAsakadazA, antA, anuttaropapAtikadazA vipAkata, nirAvalikA (kaviyA] kappavayA piyA puNyapUtikA vahridazA, kRSibhASita jambUsvAmI adhyayana, sArAvalI. imyAnuyoga prajJApanA, naMdIsUSa gatAnuyoga candraprasapti, sUtrajJapti jyotiSkaraNDaka, dvIpasAgara prajJapti, gaNividhA, yoni prAkRta, tithi prakIrNaka, Agama ke do bheda- - mUlataH AgamoM ke do vibhAga haiM : 1. aMga praviSTa' aura 2. aMgabAhya jina AgamoM meM gaNadharoM ne tIrthaMkara bhagavAn ke upadeza ko grathita kiyA hai, una AgamoM ko aMgapraviSTa kahate haiM. AcArAMga Adi bAraha aMga aMgapraviSTa haiM. dvAdazAMgI ke atirikta Agama aMga bAhya haiM. zraGgabAhya ke do bheda - Avazyaka aura Avazyakavyatirikta Avazyaka ke 6 bheda haiM- 1. sAmAyika, 2. caturviMzatistava, 3. vaMdanA, 4. pratikramaNa, 5. kAyotsarga, 6. pratyAkhyAna. 1. koI bhI zramaNa ukta AdhyAtmika yogyatA ke vinA cAhe vaha kitane hI AgamoM kA jJAtA ho--upAdhyAya Adi padoM kA adhikArI nahIM ho sakatA - vyava0 udde0 3. 2. ukta yogyatA se alpa yogyatA vAlA upAdhyAya AcArya Adi padoM ke ayogya hotA hai. 3. ukta yogya vaya vAle pAtra ko nirdhArita pAThyakrana kA adhyayana na karAnA bhI eka prakAra kA aparAdha hai. nizI 0 udde0 16. 4. zeSa sabhI AgamoM meM anuyogoM kA mizraNa hai kisI meM do kisI meM tIna aura kisI meM cAroM anuyogoM kA mizraNa hai. 5. aMga praviSTa - naMdIsUtra 'aMga praviSTa' AgamoM kI sUcI hai. usameM bAraha aMgoM ke nAma haiM kintu 'praviSTa' zabda kucha viziSTa artha rakhatA hai. kucha vidvAnoM kA yaha abhimata hai ki sthAnAMga meM jisa praznavyAkaraNa kA ullekha hai vaha vilupya ho gayA hai aura usake sthAna para vartamAna prazna vyAkaraNa jo hai vaha aMga praviSTa hai. isI prakAra vipAka, antakRdazA, AcArAMga kA dvitIya zrutaskandha aura samavAyAMga kA 100 va samavAya ke pIche kA bhAga aMga praviSTa hai. 6. upAMga, mUla aura sUtroM ke sambandha meM prAyaH aise ullekha milate haiM ki - amuka pUrva meM se amuka AcArya ne isa Agama ko uddhRta kiyA hai. caudaha pUrva dRSTivAda ke vibhAga haiM aura dRSTivAda bArahavAM aMga hai kintu dRSTivAda meM se uddhRta AgamoM ko aMga praviSTa na mAnakara aMga bAhya mAnanA vicAraNIya avazya hai. www wwww Mainelibrary.org

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wwiiiiiiiiii 1 muni zrI hajArImala smRti grantha : caturtha adhyAya Avazyaka vyatirikta ke 2 bheda haiM-kAlika' aura utkAlika inakI sUcI isa prakAra hai 2 utkAlika sUtra--1 dazavaikAlika, 2 kalpikAkalpika, 3. culla (laghu) 3 kalpasUtra, 4 mahAkalpa sUtra, 5 aupapAtika, 6 rAjapraznIya, 7 jIvAbhigama, 8 prajJApanA, 6 mahAprajJApanA, 10 pramAdApramAdam, 11 naMdIsUtra, 12 anuyogadvAra, 13 devendrastava, 14 taMdula vaicArika, 15 candrAveSyaka, 16 sUrya prajJapti, 17 pauruSI maMDala, 18 maMDala praveza, 16 vidyAcaraNavinizcaya, 20 gaNividyA, 21 vyAnavibhakti, 22 maraNavibhakti, 23 AtmavizoMdhi, 24 vItarAga zruta 25 saMlekhanA zruta, 26 vihArakalpa 27 caraNavidhi, 28 AturapratyAkhyAna, 26 mahApratyAkhyAna, ityAdi. kAlika sUtra - 1 uttarAdhyayana, 3 2 dazA [dazAzrutaskandha], 3 kalpa [ bRhat kalpa], 4 vyavahAra, 5 nizItha, 6 mahAnizItha, 7 RSibhASita jambUdvIpa prajJapti 2 dvIpasAgara prajJapti 10 candra prajJapti 11 kSudrikA vimAna pravibhakti, 12 mahallikA pravibhakti 13 aMga pulikA 14 varga pUlikA, 15 vivAha julikA 16 aruNopapAta 17 varuNopapAta 10 papAta 1 paraNopapAta 20 vaidhamanopapAta 21 vainadharopapAta 22 devendropapAta 23 utthAnata, 24 samutthAnazruta, 25 nAgaparijJANikA 36 nirayAvalakA 27 kalpika 20 kalpAsikA 21 puSpikA, 20 puNa cUlikA, 31 vRSNidazA, 32 AziviSa bhAvanA, 33 dRSTiviSa bhAvanA, 34 svapna bhAvanA, 35 mahAsvapna bhAvanA, 36 tejogni nisarga. zrAgama ke do bheda - laukika aura lokottara anuyogadvAra meM kevala AcArAMgAdi dvAdazAMgoM ko hI lokottara Agama mAnA hai. isI prakAra lokottara zruta bhI AcArAMga Adi dvAdazAMga hI mAne gaye haiM. Agama ke do bhedamika aura agamika, gamika dRSTivAda, agamika kAlikasUtra Agama ke tIna bheda - ( 1 ) sUtrAgama ( 2 ) arthAgama (3) tadubhayAgama. sUtrAgama-- mUlarUpa Agama ko sUtrAgama kahate haiM. arthAgama - sUtra - zAstra ke artharUpa Agama ko arthAgama kahate haiM. tadubhayAgama-sUtra aura artha donoM rUpa Agama ko tadubhayAgama kahate haiM. -anuyogadvArasUtra 143 Agama ke aura tIna bheda haiM- ( 1 ) AtmAgama (2) anantarAgama ( 3 ) paramparAgama. AtmAgama - guru ke upadeza vinA svayameva AgamajJAna honA AtmAgama hai. jaise- tIrthaMkaroM ke lie arthAgama AtmAgama rUpa hai aura gaNadharoM ke lie sUtrAgama AtmAgamarUpa hai. Jain Education Internal 1. (ka) kAlika aura utkAlika vargIkaraNa kA rahasya kyA hai, yaha aba taka dRSTi patha meM nahIM AyA. (kha) yahAM utkAlika sUtra 26 ke nAma likhe haiM kintu anta meM 'ityAdi kA kathana hone se anya nAma kA honA bhI sambhava hai. (ga) kAlika sUtroM ke anta meM 'ityAdi' kA ullekha nahIM hai ataH anya sUtroM kA parigaNana karanA ucita nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai. 2. sUrya prajJapti ko utkAlika aura candra prajJapti ko kAlika mAnane kA kyA kAraNa hai jabaki donoM upAMga haiM aura donoM ke mUla pAThoM meM pUrNa sAmya hai ? 3. uttarAdhyayana yadi bha0 mahAvIra kI antima zrapuTu vAgaraNA hai to use aMgabAhya kaise kahA jA sakatA hai, yaha vicAraNIya hai. kyoMki sarva kathita aura gaNadharamathita Agama aMgapraviSTa mAnA jAtA hai. 4. naMdIsUtra meM nirdiSTa isa vargIkaraNa se eka AzaMkA paidA hotI hai-ki utkAlika sUtra gamika haiM yA agamika ? kyoMki kevala kAlika sUtra agamika haiM. naMdI sUtra meM kAlika aura utkAlika ye do bheda kevala aMga bAhya sUtroM ke haiM - ataH aMgapraviSTa arthAt - gyAraha aMga kAlika haiM yA utkAlika, yaha jJAta nahIM hotA. gyAraha aMga gamika haiM yA agamika ? yaha bhI nirNaya nahIM hotA. paramparA se gyAraha komika aura kAlika mAnate haiM kintu isake lie Agama pramANa kA anveSaNa Avazyaka hai. 5. anuyogadvAra meM kAlika zruta ko aura dRSTivAda ko bhinna-bhinna kahA hai ataH dRSTivAda kAlika hai yA utkAlika ? yaha bhI vicAraNIya hai, kyoMki naMdI sUtra meM kAlika evaM utkAlika kI sUcI meM dvAdazAMgoM kA nirdeza nahIM hai. Que e www.cary.org

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muni kanhaiyAlAla kamala : pAgama sAhitya kA paryAlocana : 811 prAgamoM kA vargIkaraNa Agama wwwwwwwwwww anaMgapraviSTa Avazyaka Avazyakaatirikta aMgapraviSTa 1 AcAra 2 sUtrakRta 3 sthAna 4 samavAya 5 bhagavatI 6 jJAtRdharma-kathA 7 upAsakadazA 8 antakRd dazA 6 anuttaropapAtika dazA 10 praznavyAkaraNa 11 vipAka 12 dRSpivAda 1 sAmAyika 2 caturviMzatistava 3 vandanA 4 pratikramaNa 5 kAyotsarga 6 pratyAkhyAna kAlika utkAlika 1 uttarAdhyayana 2 dazAzrutaskandha 1 dazavakAlika 3 kalpa 4 vyavahAra 3 culla kalpazruta 5 nizItha 3 mahAnizItha 5 aupapAtika 7 RSibhAsita 8 jaMbUdvIpa prajJapti 7 jIvAbhigama 6 dIpasAgara prajJapti 10 candra prajJapti 6 mahAprajJApanA 11kSullikAvimAna-pravibhakti 12 mahallikAvimAna-pravibhakti 11 nandI 13 aMga cUlikA 14 vagga cUlikA 13 devendrastava 15 vivAha cUlikA 16 aruNopapAta 15 candrAvedhyaka 17 gahalopapAta 18 dharaNovapAta 17 pauruSImaMDala 16 vesamaNopapAta 20 vailaMdharopapAta 16 vidyAcaraNavinizcaya 21 devindropapAta 22 utthAna zruta 21 dhyAnavibhakti 23 samutthAna zruta 24 nAgapariyApanikA 23 Atmavizodhi 25 kalpikA 26 kalpAvataMsikA 25 malekhanAzruta 27 puSpikA 28 puSpa cUlikA 27 caraNavidhi 26 vRSNidazA 30 AzIviSabhAvanA 26 mahApratyAkhyAna 31 dRSTiviSa bhAvanA 32 cAraNa bhAvanA 33 mahAsvapna bhAvanA 34 tejo'gni nisarga 2 kalpikAkalpika 4 mahAkalpazruta 6 rAjapraznIya 8 prajJApanA 10 pramAdApramAda 12 anuyogadvAra 14 taMdulavaicArika 16 sUryaprajJapti 18 pravezamaMDala 20 gaNividyA 22 maraNavibhakti 24 vItarAgazruta 26 vihArakalpa 28 AturaprakhyAkhyAna * * * * * * * * * * * * ** * 3 %80 . . ... .... .. . .......... .. . ....... ... ..... . . ......... .. . . .. ....... .... .

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wwwwwwwwww Jain Educat 820 : muni zrI hajArImala smRti grantha : caturtha adhyAya anantarAgama -sarvajJa se prApta hone vAlA AgamajJAna anantarAgama hai. gaNadharoM ke lie arthAgama anantarAgama rUpa hai. tathA jambUsvAmI Adi gaNadharoM ke ziSyoM ke lie sUtrAgama anantarAgama rUpa hai. paramparAgama-sAkSAt sarvajJa se prApta na hokara jo AgamajJAna unake ziSya praziSyAdi kI paramparA se AtA hai vaha paramparAgama hai. jaise jambUsvAmI Adi gaNadhara ziSyoM ke lie arthAgama paramparAgama rUpa hai. tathA inake pazcAt ke sabhI ke lie sUtra evaM artha donoM prakAra ke Agama paramparAgama haiM. -- anuyogadvAra pramANAdhikArasUtra 144 sAmAyika Adi gyAraha aMga : aMga aura upAMgasUtroM ke aneka kathAnakoM meM "sAmAiyamAiyAI ekkArasa aMgAI ahijjai" aisA pATha milatA hai kintu gyAraha aMgoM meM prathama aMga kA nAma AcArAMga hai aura ukta pATha meM gyAraha aMgoM meM Adi aMga kA nAma ( prathama aMga ) sAmAyika aMga hai aisA pratIta hotA hai. AcArAMga niyukti meM AcArAGga ke aneka nAma likhe haiM. unameM "sAmAyika" nAma nahIM hai. yadi anyatra kahIM "sAmAyika" nAma AcArAGga kA upalabdha ho to yaha pATha saMgata ho sakatA hai. yadi uktapATha meM "sAmAyika" Avazyaka ke prathama adhyayana kA nAma abhISTa hai to yaha eka vicAraNIya prazna bana jAtA hai kyoMki Avazyaka ( Agama ) aMgabAhya hai-aura sAmAyika Avazyaka kA prathama adhyayana gyAraha aMgoM meM kA Adi aMga kaise mAnA jA sakatA hai. kalpa vidhAna ke anusAra bha0 mahAvIra ke zAsana meM zramaNoM ke lie "Avazyaka" anivArya mAna liyA gayA thA. phalasvarUpa Avazyaka kaNThastha hue vinA upasthApanA nahIM ho sakatI hai aisA niyama bana gayA thA. isalie sarvaprathama sAmAyika Adi AvazyakoM kA adhyayana gyAraha aGgoM ke adhyayana se pahale karane kA vidhAna banA thA. sambhava hai ukta pATha ke sambandha meM yahI mAnyatA rahI ho. aisI sthiti meM "sAmAiyamAiyAI ekkArasaaMgAI ahijjai" kA yahI artha samanA cAhie ki koI sAdhaka sAmAyika arthAt Avazyaka sUtra ke prathama adhyayana se prArambha karake gyAraha aGgoM kA adhyayana karatA hai. bha0 neminAtha ke anuyAyI muni "thAvaccAputra" ke varNana meM tathA anya katipaya varNanoM meM bhI aisA hI pATha dekhA jAtA hai, aisI sthiti meM ukta sambhAvanA kahA~ taka ucita hai ? AgamavizAradoM ke sAmane yaha prazna anveSaNIya hai. zrAgamoM kI pAMca vAcanAe~ prathamA vAcanA :- AcArya bhadrabAhu kI adhyakSatA meM pATalIputra meM huI, isa samaya samasta zramaNoM ne milakara ekAdaza aoM ko vyavasthita kiyA. dRSTivAda isa samaya vilupta ho cukA thA. dvitIyA vAcanA :- Arya skandila kI adhyakSatA meM mathurA meM huI. ekatrita zramaNoM kI smRti meM jitanA zruta sAhitya thA vaha vyavasthita kiyA gayA. tRtIyA vAcanA :- AcArya nAgArjuna kI adhyakSatA meM valabhI meM huI. ekatrita zramaNoM ne AgamoM ke mUlapAThoM ke sAtha-sAtha AgamoM ke vyAkhyAsAhitya kI saMkalanA bhI kI. zrI kalyANavijayajI mahArAja kA yaha mata hai, kintu kucha vidvAnoM kA yaha mata hai ki AcArya nAgArjuna kI adhyakSatA meM "Agama" vAcanA to huI kintu kisa jagaha huI ? isaliye koI Thosa pramANa aba taka nahIM milA. phira bhI AgamoM kI TIkA meM yatra-tatra 'nAgArjunIyAstvevaM paThanti" aisA ullekha milatA hai ataH AcArya nAgArjuna kI adhyakSatA meM vAcanA avazya huI" yaha nizcita hai. caturthI vAcanA : devadhi gaNi kSamAzramaNa kI adhyakSatA meM valabhI meM huI. sammilita zramaNoM kI smRti meM jitanA zrutasAhitya thA sArA lipibaddha kiyA gayA. paJcamI vAcanA :- AgamoM ko lipibaddha karane meM sabase bar3I kaThinAI AgamoM ke gamika (samAna) pAThoM kI thI RA SAISIES IN INDISZISZISZISPISZ SZISZISZISZISZISZISZISZISZISZ IN IN IN IN

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muni kanhaiyAlAla 'kamala' : prAgama sAhitya kA paryAlocana : 821 isaliye samasta AgamoM kI saMkSipta vAcanA kA eka saMskaraNa tayyAra kiyA gayA. isa vAcanA meM-yatra tatra "jahA uvavAie" "jahA pannattIe" "jahA pannavaNAe"-Adi lagA kara aneka gamika pATha saMkSipta kiye gaye haiM. ataH isa vAcanA ko saMkSipta vAcanA mAnA jAtA hai, kaI vidvAnoM kI mAnyatA hai ki devadhi gaNi kSamAzramaNa hI isa vAcanA ke Ayojaka the. usa samaya pratyeka zramaNa ko yaha lagana lagI thI ki AgamoM kI pratiyA~ alpa bhAra vAlI baneM jisase bihAra meM hara eka zramaNa AgamoM kI kucha pratiyAM sAtha meM rakha sakeM. isaliye ve samAna pAThoM ko bindiyAM lagA kara likhate the. yaha bhI eka saMkSipta vAcanA ke liye upakrama thA, kintu isakA pariNAma zramaNoM ke liye acchA nahIM huA. navadIkSita zramaNa bindI vAle pAThoM kI pratiyoM para svAdhyAya nahIM kara sake kyoMki kisa akSara se kitanA pATha bolanA yaha abhyAsa ke vinA asaMbhava thA. yadi AgamoM ke Adhunika vidvAn vistRta aura saMkSipta vAcanAoM ke saMskaraNa tayyAra kareM to yaha bahuta bar3I zrutasevA hogI. upalabdha AgamoM meM saMkSipta aura vistRta vAcanA ke pATha sammilita haiM ataH eka bhI Agama aisA nahIM hai jise vistRta yA saMkSipta vAcanA kA svataMtra Agama kahA jA sake. aba eka aura vAcanA kI AvazyakatA hai bhagavAn mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke pazcAt 680 varSoM meM 3-4 vAcanAyeM huI kintu devadhi kSamAzramaNa ke pazcAt ina 1500 varSoM meM saMgha kI ora se sammilita vAcanA eka bhI nahIM huI. isa lambI avadhi meM janasaMgha-zvetAmbara. digambara, yativarga, loMkAgaccha, sthAnakavAsI, terApaMthI Adi aneka bhAgoM meM vibhakta ho gayA. daza varSa pazcAt bha0 mahAvIra ko nirvANa huye 2500 varSa pUre ho jAyaMge arthAt sArdha dvisahasrAbdI kI smRti meM zvetAmbara jainoM kI samasta zAkhA-prazAkhAoM kI ora se eka sammilita AgamavAcanA avazya honI cAhie aura isake liye abhI se saMyukta prayatna honA cAhie. AgamoM ke vilupta hone kA itihAsa vIra nirvANa saMvat 170 meM antima cAra pUrvo kA viccheda huA. 1000 meM pUrva jJAna kA sarvathA viccheda huA. 1250 meM bhagavatI sUtra kA hrAsa huA. 1300 meM samavAyAMga kA hrAsa huA. 1350 meM sthAnAGga kA , 1400 meM bRhatkalpa aura vyavahAra kA hrAsa huA. . 1500 meM dazAkalpa sUtra kA , 1600 meM sUtrakRtAGga kA , pazcAt AcArAMga Adi kA hrAsa krama se hotA gayA --tIrthodgArika prakIrNaka vIrAt 680 varSa pazcAt devadhikSamAzramaNa kI adhyakSatA meM sabhI Agama likha liye gaye the, yaha eka aitihAsika satya hai. kintu naMdI sUtra meM AgamoM ke jitane pada likhe haiM kyA ve saba likhe gaye the ? yadi saba likhe gaye the to naMdI sUtra meM pratyeka aMga ke jitane adhyayana, uddezaka, zataka, pratipatti, varga Adi likhe haiM utane hI usa samaya the yA unase adhika the? adhika the to likhe kyoM nahIM gaye ? ENINANININNININININENINININRNININANInA

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Jain Ed VVVVVVVVw ~ ~ ~ ~ 822 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : caturtha adhyAya utane hI the to unake itane hI pada hoM yaha kabhI saMbhava nahIM kahA jA sakatA. naMdI sUtra meM AgamoM ke jitane pada likhe haiM utane pada nahIM likhe gaye. yadi yaha pakSa mAna liyA jAya to yaha prazna hamAre sAmane upasthita hotA hai. devadhi kSamAzramaNa ke samaya kitane pada the ? aura jitane pada the utane padoM kA ullekha kyoM nahIM kiyA gayA ? usa samaya jitane pada the yadi unakA ullekha kiyA jAtA to isa samaya taka kitane pada kama hue yaha spaSTa jJAta ho jAtA. devadhi kSamAzramaNa ke samaya meM dRSTivAda vilupta ho gayA thA aura zeSa AgamoM ke bhI katipaya aMza vilupta ho gaye the, isaliye yaha spaSTa hai ki naMdI meM pratyeka aMga ke jitane pada mAne haiM utane pada to devadhi kSamAzramaNa ke samaya meM nahIM the. AgamoM ke katipaya mUla pAThoM kI martakyatA meM kucha bAdhAyeM AgamoM kI jitanI vAcanAe~ huI una saba meM pramukha vAcanAcAryoM ke sAmane pAThabhedoM aura pAThAntaroM kI vikaTa samasyA samupasthita huI thI, vicAravimarza ke pazcAt bhI sammilita sabhI zrutadhara antima vAcanA ke anta taka eka mata nahIM ho sake. phalasvarUpa sarvajJa-praNIta AgamoM ke mUla pAThoM meM bhI kucha aise pAThoM kA astitva rahA, jinake kAraNa prabala mata-bheda paidA ho gaye aura bha0 mahAvIra kA saMgha aneka gaccha-sampradAyoM meM vighaTita ho gayA. parama yogIrAja zrI Anandaghana ne anaMta jinastuti meM saMgha kI vAstavika sthiti kA nagna citra ina zabdoM meM upasthita kiyA hai. gacchanA bheda bahu nayana nihAlatAM tattva nI bAta karatAM na lAje, udarabharaNAdi nija kAja karatA thakAM moha nar3iyA kalikAla chAje, devadhi kSamAzramaNa ke samaya meM aMga AgamoM ke jitane adhyayana uddeze zataka Adi the utane hI vartamAna meM haiM. kevala praznavyAkaraNa meM AmUla-cUla parivartana huA hai. bhagavatI aura aMtagaDa ke adhyayana Adi meM avazya kamI AI hai, zeSa Agama to jyoM ke tyoM haiM. niSkarSa yaha hai ki lipibaddha hone ke pazcAt Agama sAhitya kA hrAsa itanA nahIM huA jitanA devadhi kSamAzramaNa ke pUrva huA. yaha siddha karane ke liye yahA~ katipaya aitihAsika pramANa prastuta haiM. 1. bhadrabAhu ke yuga meM uttara bhArata meM bhayaMkara duSkAla par3A. durbhikSa ke kAraNa jaina saMgha idhara-udhara bikhara gayA. yaha duSkAla bha0 mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke pazcAt dUsarI zatAbdI meM huA thA, AcArya sthUlabhadra kI adhyakSatA meM pATaliputra meM zramaNa saMgha sammilita huA. isameM gyAraha aMgoM kA saMkalana kiyA gayA. 2. pATalIputra pariSad ke anantara deza meM do bAra bAraha varSoM ke duSkAla par3e. inameM sAdhu saMsthA aura sAhitya kA saMgraha chinna-bhinna ho gayA. vyasta ho gayA. pATalIputra aura mAdhurI vAcanA ke bAda vallabhI zrutadhara kAla-dharma ko prApta ho gaye the, zeSa bace hue sAdhuoM ko zramaNa ne nimaMtrita kiyA aura vallabhI meM unake mukha se - avazeSa ko saMkalita kiyA. 3. vikrama ke 500 varSa vAda bhArata meM eka bhayaMkara duSkAla par3A usameM phira jaina dharma kA sAhitya idhara-udhara astavAcanA kA yahI samaya thA, isa duSkAla meM aneka vIra saMvat 680 meM saMgha ke Agraha se devadhi kSamArahe hue khaNDita athavA akhaNDita Agama-pAThoM pAThoM vyAkhyA bheda- - bha0 mahAvIra ke saMgha meM kucha aise pramukha AcArya bhI hue jinhoMne apanI mAnyatAnusAra katipaya mUla kI vyAkhyAe~ kI. isase pAkSika evaM sAMvatsarika parva sambandhI matabheda jaina saMgha meM itane dRDha - baddhamUla ho gaye haiM Very.org

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Jain Educama muni kanhaiyAlAla 'kamala' : Agama sAhitya kA paryAlocana: 823 jinakA unmUlana aneka muni sammelanoM ke saMgaThita prayatnoM ke pazcat bhI nahIM huA. tIrthaMkara kA vacanAtizaya aura katipaya sandehajanaka zabda - tIrthakaroM kA eka atizaya ' aisA hai ki jisake prabhAva se deva, dAnava, mAnava aura pazu sabhI apanI apanI bhASA meM jinavANI ko pariNata kara lete haiM. jinavANI se zrotAoM kI zaMkAoM kA unmUlana ho jAtA hai, kintu upalabdha aMgAdi AgamoM meM mAMsa, matsya, asthika, kapota, mArjAra aura jinapaDimA, caitya, siddhAlaya Adi zabdoM ke prayoga sandehajanaka haiM. yadyapi TIkAkAroM ne ina bhrAntimUlaka zabdoM kA samAdhAna kiyA hai phira bhI ina zabdoM ke sambandha meM yadA-kadA vivAda khar3e ho hI jAte haiM. prazna yaha hai ki sarvajJakathita evaM gaNadhara grathita AgamoM meM ina zabdoM ke prayoga kyoM hue ? kyoMki sUtra sadA asaMdigdha hote haiM. AgamoM kA lekhanakAla sthAnakavAsI samAja meM AgamoM kA lekhanakAla lie aura jJAnabhaNDAroM ke lie AgamoM kI pratilipiyAM karAne vAloM ne Adi kI jaisI pratiyA~ dI vaisI hI pratilipiyoM kA sarvatra pracAra huA. itihAsa se yaha nizcita hai ki 14 vIM zatAbdI taka AgamoM kI jitanI pratilipiyA~ huIM ve saba caityavAsiyoM kI dekharekha meM huI aura AgamoM ke vyAkhyA-grantha bhI isI paramparA ke likhe huye the. Arambha meM sthAnakavAsI paramparA ko AgamoM kI jitanI pratiyA~ milIM ve saba caityavAsI vicAradhArA se anuprANita thIM. loMkAzAha likhita AgamoM kI pratiyAM - loMkAzAha lekhaka the aura zAstrajJa bhI the. ve pratimA pUjA ke virodhI the kintu unake likhe hue AgamoM kI yA unakI mAnyatA kI vyAkhyA karane vAle AgamoM kI pratiyAM kisI bhI saMgrahAlaya meM Aja taka upalabdha nahIM huI haiM. ataH vAdavivAda ke prasaMgoM meM sthAnakavAsI mAnyatA samarthaka prAcIna pratiyoM kA abhAva akharatA hai. sthAnakavAsI paramparA ke dIkSA Adi pAvana prasaMgoM para lekhakoM se zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka mAnyatA kI vyAkhyA vAlI hotI haiM. vAstava meM pracAra va prasAra ke liye saMgaThita prayatna huA hI nahIM. vikrama kI 16 vIM zatAbdI hai. svAdhyAya ke vyavasAyI lekhakoM ko mUla, TIkA, TabbA AgamoM kI dariyApurI pratiyAM - gujarAta kI dariyApurI pratiyA~ prAyaH sabhI jJAnabhaNDAroM meM milatI haiM kintu unameM bhI vivAdAspada sthAnoM kI sthAnakavAsI mAnyatA kI vyAkhyA nahIM milatI, isaliye AgAmI muni sammelanoM meM isa saMbaMdha meM vicAra-vinimaya honA Avazyaka hai. jo AgamoM kI pratiyAM lI jAtI haiM ve saba prAyaH sthAnakavAsI mAnyatA kI vyAkhyA vAlI pratiyoM ke jainAgamoM kA mudraNakAla -- sthAnakavAsI samAja meM sarvaprathama AgamabattIsI (hiMdI anuvAda sahita ) kA mudraNa dAnavIra seTha jvAlAprasAda jI ne karavAyA. LCH sampUrNa battIsI kA hiMdI anuvAda sva0 pUjya zrI amolakha RSi jI ma0 ne kiyA. zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka samAja meM dAnavIra seTha dhanapatarAya jI ne sarvaprathama jainAgamoM kA mudraNa karavAyA. AcArya sAgarAnanda sUri ne Agamodaya samiti dvArA adhika se adhika AgamoM kI TIkAoM kA prakAzana karavAyA. puppha bhikkhu dvArA sampAdita suttAgame kA prakAzana huA hai kintu mAMsa-paraka aura jinapratimA sambandhI kaI pAThoM ko nikAla dene se isa prakAzana kI prAmANikatA nahIM rahI hai. 1. teIsavAM atizaya 2. praznavyAkaraNa dvitIya saMvara dvArA anuyogadvAra, vyAkhyAprajJapti dekheM. Littl Mary.org

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824 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-prantha : caturtha adhyAya eka-eka do-do AgamoM ke prakAzana to kaI jagaha se hue haiM. kiMtu inakA vyApaka kSetra nahIM bana sakA kyoMki sAmpradAyika dRSTikoNa sarvatra pragati kA bAdhaka banatA rahatA hai. bhAvI prakAzana-isa yuga meM AgamabattIsI ke eka aise saMskaraNa kI AvazyakatA hai jo sarvazreSTha mudraNa-kalA se mudrita ho aura pAkeTa sAija meM eka jilda meM cAra anuyogoM meM vargIkRta evaM punarukti rahita ho. tameva saccaM hissaMkaM jaM jiNehiM paveiyaM--vahI asaMdigdha satya hai jo jina bhagavAn ne kahA hai. jainAgamoM kA yaha saMkSipta paryAlocana jisa rUpa meM maiM cAhatA thA usa rUpa meM prastuta nahIM kara sakA. isameM eka pramukha kAraNa thA-paryApta sAhitya sAmagrI kA abhAva. zraddheya kSamAzramaNa zrI hajArImalajI mahArAja sA0 ke zrI-caraNoM meM rahane kA mujhe saubhAgya prApta huA hai. unakI Adarza Agama-bhakti kI amiTa chApa mere hRdaya para aMkita hai. unake zrImukha se "tameva saccaM NissaMkaM jaM jiNehi pave iyaM" yaha vAkya sadA sarvadA prasphuTita hotA rahatA thA. ve mujha se aneka vAra AgamoM kA svAdhyAya sunate, yathAprasaMga cintana manana kA prasAda dete aura jarA-jarjarita deha se bhI niyamita svAdhyAya karate the. unake punIta pAda-padmoM kI smRti meM merA yaha alpa ardhya sabhakti samarpita hai. zramaNottama zrI hajArImala jI mahArAja kI smRti meM prakAzita yaha "smRtigraMtha" zuddha sAtvika jJAnayajJa hai. stRtigraMtha / ke saMpAdakoM kI yaha mahAn zrutasevA aura dAnadAtAoM kI jJAna-bhakti yuga-yuga taka amara rahegI. sAtha hI svAdhyAyazIla pAThakoM kI jJAna ArAdhanA sadA sarvadA saphala hotI rahegI. Jain Education Intemational