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________________ AcArAMga sUtra kA mukhya saMdeza : ahiMsA aura asaMgatA zrIcanda surANA 'sarasa AcArAMgasUtra meM sAdhanA sUtra bikhare par3e haiN| jaina granthoM ke prasiddha sampAdaka zrI zrIcanda jI surANA 'sarasa' ne apane Alekha meM AcArAMga kI viSayavastu kI saMkSepa meM carcA karate hue ahiMsA evaM asaMgatA ke saMdeza ko ujAgara kiyA hai| sampAdaka AcArAMga sUtra eka aisA kSIra samudra hai jisameM svAdhyAya dvArA jaba bhI avagAhana / nimajjana karatA hU~ to koI na koI divya maNi hAtha laga hI jAtI hai / aMga sUtroM meM yaha pahalA aMga hai, kintu isase bhI bar3I bAta AcArya bhadrabAhu ne kahI hai ki yaha samUce aMga sUtroM kA sAra hai- aMgANaM kiM sAro ? AyAro | isakA pratIkAtmaka artha itanA hI nahIM hai ki 'AcAra' aMga sUtroM kA sAra hai, kintu isa sampUrNa Agama ko lakSya karake bhI yaha kahA gayA hai ki isameM AcAra-vicAra, dhyAna-samAdhi Adi sabhI viSayoM kA cintana bIja rUpa meM sannihita hai| prAcIna mAnyatA hai ki isa eka Agama kA parizIlana / anuzIlana kara lene para sampUrNa aMga sUtroM ke rahasya jJAna kI cAbI hAtha laga jAtI hai| agara isa Agama kA svAdhyAya nahIM kiyA to vaha muni zramaNa dharma kA jJAtA nahIM kahalAtA, na hI vaha AcAradhara banatA hai, na hI gaNapada kA pAtra bana sakatA hai| "AyArammi ahIe jaM nAo hoi samaNadhammo u / tamhA AyAragharo bhaNNai paDhamaM gaNiTThANaM / / " niryukti 10 niyukti evaM TIkA Adi ke anusAra AcArAMga ke 18 hajAra pada haiN| saMbhavata: racanA kAla meM itane par3ha rahe hoMge, kintu Aja to bahuta kama pada bace haiN| isakA artha hai AcArAMga kA bahuta bar3A bhAga vicchinna ho gayA hai| vikrama kI prathama zatAbdI taka isakA mahAparijJA adhyayana vidyamAna thA, jo Aja upalabdha nahIM hai| AcArya vajrasvAmI ne usase gaganagAminI vidyA uddhRta kI thI (Avazyaka niryukti, malayagiriM vRtti ) kintu TIkAkAra abhayadeva sUri (AThavIM zatAbdI) ke pUrva vaha bhI vicchinna ho cukA thA ( abhayadeva vRtti) / cUrNi ke anusAra mahAparijJA adhyayana meM aneka vidyAe~, maMtra Adi kA varNana va sAdhanA vidhiyA~ thI / kAla prabhAva se unakA adhyayana anupayukta samajhA gayA, isalie tAtkAlika AcAryoM ne usako asamanujJAta kahakara paThana-pAThana niSiddha kara diyaa| itanA sabakucha lupta vilupta ho jAne ke pazcAt bhI AcArAMga Aja jitanA bacA hai, vaha bhI bahuta hai| mahAsamudra se kitane hI ratna nikAla liye jAyeM vaha to ratnAkara hI rahatA hai usakA bhaNDAra rikta nahIM hotA / AcArAMga ke saMbaMdha meM bhI yahI kahA jA sakatA hai|
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________________ 100 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAr3aka AcArAMga sUtra kA prathama udghoSa ... Atmabodha se prArambha hotA hai| brahAsUtra jisa prakAra athAto brahA-jijJAsA se prArambha hotA hai| AcArAMga bhI bhAva rUpa meM athAto Atma-jijJAsA se Arambha hotA hai aura AcAraMga kA antima rUpa Atma sAkSAtkAra ke zikhara taka pahu~cA detA hai : 'AcAra' zabda se dhvanita hotA hai ki isa satra kA pratipAdya AcAra dharma hai! 'AcAra' kA artha yadi 'cArita' taka sImita rakheM to yaha arthabodha apUrNa hai, aparyApta hai| AcAra se yadi hama paMcAcAra kA bodha karate haiM to avazya hI isa Agama meM jJAnAcAra, darzanAcAra, cAritrAcAra, tapAcAra aura vinayAcAra rUpa AcAra dharma kA saMketAtmaka sAra upalabdha hai| AcArAMga meM tattva darzana ke mUla AtmadRSTi se saMbaMdhita sUtra udyAna meM phUloM kI taraha yatra. tatra bikhare hue haiN| AcArya siddhasena ne jaina tattva dRSTi ke AdhArabhUta chaha satya sthAna batAye haiM "asthi aviNAsadhammI karei vedai atthi nivvaannN| asthi ya mokkhovAo cha sammattassa tthaannaaii||" ..sanmati prakaraNa 3/55 1. AtmA hai 2. AtmA avinAzI hai 3. AtmA karmoM kA kartA haiM 4. AtmA hI karmoM kA bhoktA hai 5. karmoM se mukti rUpa nirvANa hai 6. nivArNa kA upAya bhI hai| ye chaha cintana sUtra samyaktva ke mUla AdhAra mAne gaye haiN| atmavAda kA sampUrNa darzana inhI chaha stambhoM para AdhArita hai| AcArAMga sUtra meM ye chaha sUtra yathAprasaMga apane vistAra ke sAtha upalabdha haiM aura una para sUtrAtmaka cintana bhI hai| 1. asthi me AyA- merI AtmA hai, vaha punarjanma lene vAlI hai| isI sUtra se AcArAMga kI sampUrNa viSaya vastu kA vistAra hotA hai| 2. jo Agao aNusaMcarai so'haM- jo ina sabhI dizAoM-anudizAoM meM, sampUrNa jagat meM anusaMcaraNa karatA hai, jo thA, hai aura rahegA, vaha maiM hI huuN| isa sUtra meM AtmA kA avinAzitva sUcita kiyA gayA hai| 3. purisA, tumameva tuma mitta-jIveNa kaDe pamAeNaM- "he puraSa! tU hI terA mitra haiM, tU hI terA sukha-du:kha kA kartA hai| yaha saba du:kha jIva ne hI pramAdavaza kiye hai|' yaha Atma-kartRtva kA saMdeza hai : 4. tumaM ceva taM sallamAhaTu- "he puruSa! tU hI apane zalya kA uddhAra kara sakatA hai|'' apane kRta karmoM ko svayaM hI bhoga karake nirjarA karane kA saMdeza isa sUtra meM vyakta hotA hai| 5. aNaNNa-paramaNANI No pamAyae kayAi vi- jJAnI puruSa ananyaparama- jo sabase zreSTha hai aura parama hai vaha nirvANa, usa nirvANa kI upalabdhi ke lie kSaNa mAtra bhI prabhAda na kre| yaha karbhamukti rUpa nirvANa kA saMketa hai|
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________________ | AcArAMga sUtra kA mukhya saMdeza : ahiMsA aura asaMgatA , ....101| 6. isa Agama ke pratyeka adhyayana meM samyak jJAna, samyak darzana aura samyaka cAritra rUpa nirvANa upAya kA pratipAdana milatA hai| isa prakAra AcArAMga sUtra meM adhyAtma ke mUla AdhAra 'AtmavAda', Atma viveka aura Atma-zuddhi ke vividha upAyoM kA varNana hai, jo isa Agama ko AtmavAda kA AdhArabhUta zAstra siddha karate haiN| __ AcArAMga kA prathama adhyayana 'zastra parijJA' hai| zastra yAnI hiMsA tathA hiMsA ke saadhn| isa adhyayana meM SaDjIva nikAya meM cetana sattA kI siddhi karate hue unakI hiMsA ke kAraNa ca virodhI zastroM kA varNana karate hue sarvatra jIva hiMsA se uparata rahane kA saMdeza hai| asthi satthaM pareNa paraM- zastra eka se eka bar3hakara haiM, bhayaMkara haiM- isa vAkya ne Adhunika vijJAna dvArA nirmita atyanta tIkSA : ghAtaka zastroM ke prati sAvadhAna kiyA hai aura zastra prayoga kA mUla asaMyama mAnakara mUla para hI prahAra kiyA gayA hai| 'asaMyama ke kAraNa hI hiMsA kI jAtI hai, isalie isa adhyayana kA mukhya saMdeza saMyama hai| dvitIya 'loka vijaya' adhyayana kA mukhya saMdeza Asakti vijaya hai| je guNe se mUlaDhANe- jo indriya viSaya haiM, vahI saMsAra hai| isI saMsAra rUpa loka ko vijaya karane kA upAya batAyA hai- lobhaM alomeNaM duguMchamANe- lobha ko saMtoSa se, kAmanAoM ko niSkAmatA se jItovirakta vItarAga hI saMsAra kA vijetA banatA hai| isI prakAra isake sabhI nau adhyayana jIvanasparzI haiM aura bAhyAcAra kI jagaha antara AcAra, titikSA, virakti, parigraha tyAga, asaMgatA, samAdhi, dhyAna Adi viSayoM para kendrita haiN| AcArAMga meM apanI sAmayika vicAradhArAoM para bhagavAna mahAvIra kA apanA svataMtra va sArvabhauma cintana bhI spaSTa jhalakatA hai| usa yuga meM vaidika vicAradhArA ke anusAra 'araNya--sAdhanA' kA vizeSa mahattva thaa| araNyavAda ko bahuta adhika mahattva diyA jAtA thA, kintu bhagavAna mahAvIra ne isameM saMzodhana prastuta kiyA aura kahA- yaha ekAnta satya nahIM hai ki araNya meM hI sAdhanA ho sakatI hai-- gAme vA aduvA raNe- sAdhanA gAMva meM bhI ho sakatI hai, nagara meM bhii| jahAM bhI cina kI nirmalatA aura sthiratA sadha sake vahIM para sAdhanA kI jA sakatI hai| smRtiyoM ke anusAra zUdra dharma sunane kA adhikArI nahIM thaa| kevala uccavarNa ko hI dharmasabhAoM meM jAne aura zAstracarcA karane kA adhikAra prApta thaa| isake viparIna bhagavAna mahAvIra ne udghoSa kiyA- jahA puNNarasa katthai tahA tucchassa ktthii| sAdhaka sabako samAna bhAva se dharma kA upadeza kre| ucca yA puNyavAna ko bhI aura daridra ko bhI dharma kA upadeza kre| isI prakAra vaidika
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________________ [102 ... jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka sAhitya meM jahAM jAti ko mahatva diyA gayA hai, vahAM bhagavAna mahAvIra ne isa mAnyatA ke viruddha sarvatra samatA kA siddhAnta nirUpita kiyA hai No hINe No airitte-na koI hIna hai, na koI ucca hai| AcArAMga sUtra meM samasAmayika sAdhanA aura dharmadhAraNA kA vyApaka prabhAva hai aura una saba para bhagavAna mahAvIra ke svataMtra samatvamUlaka cintana kI gaharI chApa hai| aparigraha kA mahAna darzana AcArAga kA adhyayana karane vAle vidvAna ise ahiMsA aura paryAvaraNa ke siddhAntoM kA pratipAdaka Agama mAna lete haiN| paryAvaraNa ahiMsA se hI saMbaMdhita hai aura ahiMsA ke lie AcArAMga kA prathama adhyayana-sattha pariNNA, bahuta hI vyApaka dRSTi detA hai| ahiMsA kI spaSTa dRSTi eka hI sUtra meM vyakta kara dI gaI haiAyatule payAsU-eya tulamannesiM-- tu dUsaroM ko apane samAna hI smjh| sabake sukha duHkha ko apanI AtmAnubhUti kI tulA para tolakara dekh| bhagavAna mahAvIra kA cintana hai- hiMsA to eka kriyA hai, eka manovRtti hai| isakA mUla preraka tattva to Asakti, tRSNA yA parigraha hai| arthazAstra tathA samAja manovijJAna kI dRSTi se mAnava vikAsa kA preraka tattva hai- artha ke prati raag| vastu-prApti kI icchA aura usake lie prytn| kintu bhagavAna mahAvIra kahate haiM-vastu ke prati rAga aura prApti ke lie prayatna se jIvana meM kabhI bhI zAMti aura Ananda kI prApti nahIM ho sktii| jIvana kA lakSya sukha nahIM, Ananda hai aura Ananda kA mArga hai-saMtoSa, Asakti kA tyAga, parigraha vimukti| isalie AcArAMga meM sthAna-sthAna para Asakti tyAga aura kaSAya mukti kA upadeza diyA gayA parigraha kI vRtti hI hiMsA ko protsAhita karatI hai| parigraha ke lie hI hiMsA kA sAdhana rUpa meM prayoga hotA hai| isalie bhagavAna mahAvIra ne hiMsA kA varjana karate hue usakI mUla jar3a parigraha tathA viSaya-Asakti kA tyAga karane kA upadeza diyA hai| AsaM ca chandaM ca vigiMca dhIre- AzA, tRSNA aura viSayecchA ko chor3ane vAlA hI dhIra hai| eyaM pAsa! maNI mahasmayaM he muni! dekha, yaha tRSNA, sukhoM kI abhilASA hI saMsAra meM mahAbhaya kA kAraNa hai| yahI sabase bar3A pApa hai| __ AcArAMga sUtra kA parizIlana karate hue aisA anubhava hotA hai ki isakA eka-eka sUtra, eka-eka zabda apane ApameM eka zAstra hai , eka pUrA darzana hai| dhyAna, samAdhi anaprekSA, bhAvanA. kAma virakti. apramAda, kaSAya
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________________ | AcArAMga sUtra kA mukhya saMdeza : ahiMsA aura asaMgatA 1037 vijaya, parISaha vijaya titikSA, vinaya, karma lAghava upadhi tyAga Adi aise kaikar3oM viSaya hai jina para yadi sAdhaka cintana kare. unako bhAvanA karanA rahe no pratyeka sUtra meM se jIvana kI divyatA kA, bhAyoM kI zreSThatA kA nirmala prakAza prApta ho sakatA hai| pAgaMza rUpa meM do zabdoM meM AnAgaMga kA saMdeza vyakta kiyA jA sakatA hai 1. savaMtra saba jIvoM ke prati samanvabhAva kI anubhUti aura 2. Antarika vikAroM para vijaya ; arthAt ahiMsA aura agatA-- AcArAMga kA gala saMdeza hai| -e 7. avAgaDha hArasa. ema.jI.roDa, AgarA (u.pra.)