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NIYAMA 4] सटीको वृत्तजातिसमुश्चयः
129 end of a Pada must be substituted by the letters ae in the case of masculine nouns, if this Visarga is preceded by a. Otherwise the change does not take place, as for example, in v. 34 below which is an illustration in the Narkutaka metre, as the author himself tells us. This Narkutaka, however, contains only 20 Mātrās (or 21) in a Pāda instead of 22. The commentator quotes a Sūtra in support of the change, which is not noticed by Hemacandra Chandonuśāsana IV. 63-65. Hemacandra mentions 3 kinds of this metre, all containing 22 Mātrās, but distributed differently. None of the 3 tallies exactly with ours. The Lankodau of Sandeśarāsaka vv. 203-204 is also a Narkuțaka, the name being a Prākritised form (see Pischel, Grammatik sec. 247) of the Sanskrit name. It contains 22 Mātrās in each
of its 4 Pādas. V. 27: Dvipathaka is the same as the Dohā, but here considered as a Dvi
Padi. The commentator mentions the Yati after the 14th Mātrā. it is significant that Virahănka mentions only 1 variety of this popular Apabhramśa metre. But see below v. 63 where Utfullaka too may be
considered as a variety of Dvipathaka. V. 28 : Vaitālīya (see v. 48 below) itself is called Māgadhikā when it is
composed in the Māgadhi Language whose important peculiarity alone is mentioned here. It is the change of ra to la and sa to śa.
Vy. 29-30 : Mātrā: "The Pädas of the Mātrā which is an uneven metre,
are 2 and 3, oh lady of pleasant appearance, and are composed with groups consisting of long letters, of 3 short letters or of 2 short letters. The following are the characteristics of the middle Pādas among them. The Păda of Karahi is formed with 13 Mātrās; that of Modanikā with 14, that of Cārunetrī with 15 and the name of that whose Pāda is formed with 16 Mātrās is Rāhuseniķā.' The definition is evidently incomplete. The Pādas that are called the 'middle' ones are really the uneven Pādas, namely, the 1st, 3rd and 5th. The composition of the even Pādas is not given and hence supplied by the commentator, 'from other treatises and from Virahānka's own illustrations'. According to him the even Pädas of these four varieties are formed with 11, 12, 13, and 14 Mātrās respectively. Vv. 29 and 30 are examples of the Cărunetri and the Modanikā as the author himself mentions at the end. For other varieties of the Mātrā see Präkrta and Apabhramsa Metres, Classified
List, pp. 30-31. V.31 : Raddā is a strophic couplet consisting of a Mātrā and a Dvipathaka
