________________
9.
from amongst the others as teacher, when he is expected to study the scriptures and teach them to his fellow monks. Amongst the Tapagaccha no monk can be chosen as an Upadhyaya till he has been an ascetic for at least a year, (Stevenson, The Heart of Jainism, p 239) See Ain, vol. III,
p. 206 References are L - (1) short notice in Kielhorn's 'List of the Inscriptions of Northern India, appendix to Epigraphia Indica, vol., No. 308; (2) Büler, abstract of contents of Inser. No. XII of áJaina Insctriptions from Satrunjaya' in Ep. Ind., II, p. 38, and transcript of text, ibid., pp. 50-59; (3) parts of text and transl. in 'C's essay above cited. The translation is quoted as from J.B.R.S. August, 1844, but really from the Journal of the Bombay Branch of the R.As. Soc., for 1841. pp. 59-63
10. Possibly a tax on Jaina pilgrims visiting their their holy places may be meant - see also Elphinston's History of India. p. 339 (6th edition. The Sujijia taxis, of course, the Jizya or capitation tax on infidels) (G.B.)
11.
Or Bimbisăra, the fifth Saisunaga king of Magadha, who is believed by the Jains to have been a zealous adherent of their religion, as well as his son Ajätaśatru (See E.H.I., 3rd Ed. p. 35 n., and S.V. Venkatesvara Aiyar in Ind. Ant., 1916, p. 12).
12. Regarding the Lumpākas see Bhandarkar, Report on Sanskrit Mss. for 18834 p. 153 (G.B.) 'C' (p. 114) states that Meghaji Rsi, being convinced of his errors, became a pupil of Hiravijaya. Guerinot, abstracting Weber, writes - 7. Secte Padimări (Lumpaka). Fondee par Lumpaka in samvat 1508 (AD 1451) Elle a pour caractere fondamental detre opposee au culte des images (Bibl. Jaina, No. 336, p. 176).
13. Stambhatirtha, a Sanskritized form of Khambǎyat or Khambāt.
14. Choli or Chuli Begam was an epithet applied to Akbars mother Hamida Bano Begam, on account of her painful wanderings in the desert (Chul), prior to her son's birth. Humayun conferred the title Chuli on the attendants who followed him through the deserts (Akbarnama), tr. (Beveridge, vol. I, p. 412).
15. The interpretation 'capital punishment' is that of Blochmann, Äin, Vol. I, p.
200). Lowe renders simply 'punishment', adding that many a family was ruined, and his property confiscated' (page 331 and Errata). Blochmann seems to have been right. For the practice of Hindu kings, see Early Hist. of India, 3rd ed. pp. 181,344.
16.
Thesaurus, III, p. 118
17. Ain tr. Jarrett, vol. III, p. 2 10. Mrs. Stevension's books entitled 'The Heart of Jainism', Oxford University Press, 1915, and Outlines of Jainism by Jagmanderlal Jaini, M.A. Cambridge University Press, 1916 may be recommended to students of the subjects. Abu-1 Fazl does not acknowledge the extent of the Jain influence on Akbar's views and practice. He confines himself to a compliment on his master's toleration, which embraced all sects, even the Jain, which the Brahmans abhorred.
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