________________
MISCELLANEOUS TRIBES
399 (Kathiawar). The Hradas cannot be identified. The Druhyas were undoubtedly an ancient people being mentioned as Druhyus in the Rgveda along with the Anus. For the Urņas, the Vāyupurāna reads Purāṇas. None of these
names can, however, be identified with any amount of Urņas
precision unless we find in the Urnas a people inhabiting the Urņadeśa which Lassen places on the Sutlej near Garhwal (Ind. Alt. Map). The Mahābhārata associates the Darvas with the Trigarttas, the
Daradas and other northern tribes to the north of Darvas
the Punjab. The name Bahu-bhadra is differently given as Bāhu-bādhas 2
and Bālabhadras 3 in the Mahābhārata. Bahu-bhadras
The Matsyapurāna reads Kantakāras while the Vāyupurāna reads Raddha Katakas.4 The Traipuras are the people of Tripurī or Tripura which was both
be a city and a country. The city of Tripuri was the Traipuras
uras capital of the Cedi kingdom. It was a well-known city that derived its name from three cities or tri-pura once in possession of the asuras. In the time of the Guptas, Tripuri-visaya was formed into a province under a Viceroy. It roughly corresponded to the modern Jubbulpur region which was the ancient Cedi country. The Gajāhvayas, according to the Kurmaniveśa section of the
Mārkandeya Purāņa, are located in the middle of Gajāhvayas
ayas the tortoise', along with the Udumbaras, etc. Pargiter very ingenuously guessed that the Gajāhvayas were none other than the people of Hastināpura, the capital of the Kurus. By a play on the meaning of the word 'hastin', 'elephant', the city was also called Hastināpura, Gajapura, Gajāhvaya, Gajasāhvaya,? Nāgapura,8 Nāgāhva, Nāgasāhvaya, etc The Parna-śavaras, located in the right foot of the tortoise, in
be the Kurmaniveśa section of the Mārkandeya Purāna, 10 Parnaśavaras
4 were undoubtedly a tribe of the Savaras. Presumably this particular section of the Savaras used leaves of trees as their wearing apparel. A girdle of leaves serves as clothing of many aboriginal peoples of today and we have representations of such individuals in ancient Indian sculptures and paintings. The Parņa
1 Pargiter, Mārkandeya Purāna, p. 324 notes. 2 Bhisma parvan, IX, 362.
3 Karnaparvan, VI, 153. 4 Cf. Vāyupurāna, XLV, 117; Matsyapurāna, CXIII, 42.
5 Sabhāparvan, XXX, 1164; Vanaparvan, CCLIII, 15246; Karnaparvan, XXXIII and XXXIV. $ Udyogaparvan, p. clxxvi, 6071. 7 Adiparvan, p. cxü, 4441 and 4460.
10 LVIII, 19. 8 Ibid., 4461-2.
• Ibid., p. cxxxi, 5146.
