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Schisms in the Jain Sangha
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Fourth Nihnava:
This split was started by Aśvamitra two hundred twenty years after the death of Mahāvīra. The followers of Aśvamitra were known as samuccheiyavādin. They held that everything of the world is transient and is destroyed after its origination. So, the effects of good or bad deeds are immaterial.
Fifth Nihnava:
This nihnava came into existence two hundred twenty eight years after the death of Mahāvīra and was started by Ganga, a disciple of Dhana Gupta. The followers of Ganga were called 'dokriyāvādin' They did no agree with the original Jain tenet that the experience of different actions can not be had simultaneously. Instead, they held that opposite feelings, such as warmth and cold, can be experienced simultaneously.
Sixth Nihnava :
This schism was started by Roha Gupta at a place named Antaranjiã five hundred and forty four years after the death of Mahāvīra. The adherents of this school were called nojivavādin as well as Terăsiya (trairāśika). They held that there is a third category of dravya called Nojiva in addition to jīva and ajīva.
Seventh Nihnava :
The leader of this split was Goșthamāhila It was started by him at Daśapur five hundred and eighty four years after the death of Mahāvīra. The followers of Goșthanmãhila were called Abadhiyavādin. They believed that the soul is simply touched by the karma-paramaņus and not bound by them.
It is to be noted that the Nihnavas discussed above were minor schisms and could not adversely affect the Jain monastic order. They
