________________
TULEORY OF RELATIVITY
257
(688) The two cognitions mati and Sruta are paroksa i.e. indirect because they are acquired by a soul through the instrumentality of something alien to itself or because they are born of the memory of relationship grasped earlier, just like inferential cognition.
(689) In a real sense, the cognition acquired through the other sources is parokșa i. e. indirect while cognition acquired directly by the soul is pratyakşa. But the cognition, born of a sense-organ is 'pratyakşa', practically so called.
39. PRECEPTS ON VIEW-POINT
(690) The thought activity which grasps only one aspect of an object with the aid of scriptures, is called Naya. He who possesses such knowledge is wise.
(691) Since without a (knowledge of) naya a man cannot have a knowledge of syādvāda (the doctrine of conditional statement). A knowledge of naya can be had by one who is desirous of destroying all the extremes.
(692) Just as an irreligious person desired to attain bliss without practising religion or a thirsty person desires to quench his thirst without using water, similarly the fool desires to determine the nature of a substance without taking recourse to naya.
(693) The entire body of the teachings of Tirthankara taken in its entirety and taken in its particular details is to be explained with the help of two basic standpoints (nayas)-viz that substantial point of view (dravyārthikanaya) and that modificational point of view (paryāyārthikanaya). The rest of them are the offshoots of these two.
Jain Education International
For Private & Personal Use Only
www.jainelibrary.org
